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Federally Listed Species and Sensitive Species

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Federally Listed Species and Sensitive Species Appendix P Federally Listed Species and Sensitive Species 1 INTRODUCTION Bureau of Land Management (BLM) management activities promote the continued conservation of federally listed species and BLM identified sensitive species and the habitats on which they depend. The tables below display 1) federally listed plant, wildlife, and fish species 2) and BLM sensitive species. An evaluation of sensitive species is located in Appendix T. 2 FEDERALLY LISTED SPECIES AND THEIR HABITAT Table P.1: Federally Listed Plant Species and Critical Habitat on the Tres Rios Field Office Plant Species Status Habitat Group Pagosa skyrocket Endangered with designated Mancos shale soils in mountain grasslands, (Ipomopsis polyantha) Critical Habitat mountain shrublands, and ponderosa pine stands Knowlton’s cactus Rolling, gravelly hillsides in pinyon-juniper Endangered (Pediocactus knowltonii) woodlands Mesa Verde cactus Sparsely vegetated badlands of the Fruitland and Threatened (Sclerocactus mesae-verde) Mancos Shale formations Schmoll’s milkvetch Candidate Dense pinyon-juniper woodlands (Astragalus schmolliae) Notes to Table P.1 There is one known population of Pagosa skyrocket on the TRFO. The USFWS has designated four Critical Habitat Units for Pagosa skyrocket; two are occupied, and two are unoccupied. One of the occupied Critical Habitat Units is on TRFO land. There are no known populations of Knowlton’s cactus on the Tres Rios Field Office but there is suitable habitat on TRFO lands in Archuleta and La Plata Counties, Colorado. There are no known populations of Mesa Verde cactus or Schmoll’s milkvetch on the TRFO, but there is suitable habitat for these species. Table P.2: Federally Listed Terrestrial Wildlife Species on the Tres Rios Field Office Terrestrial Wildlife Species Status Habitat Group Canada lynx Threatened High-elevation conifer (Lynx Canadensis) Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly Endangered Alpine (Boloria acrocnema) Southwestern willow flycatcher Endangered Riparian (Empidonax traillii extimus) Mexican spotted owl Threatened Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine (Strix occidentalis lucida) Gunnison sage-grouse Proposed Endangered with Proposed Sagebrush shrublands (Centrocercus minimus) Critical Habitat North American wolverine (Gulo Alpine, and subalpine forests Proposed Threatened gulo) Notes to Table P.2 In March 2000, the Canada lynx was listed as a federally threatened species under the ESA. In March 2009, the USFWS revised the critical habitat designated for lynx to include approximately 39,000 square miles encompassing five critical habitat units in Maine, Minnesota, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Washington. Appendix P - Federally Listed Species and Sensitive Species P-1 Tres Rios Field Office Approved Resource Management Plan The planning area represents the southern edge of the historic range of the Canada lynx. Individual lynx, or population groups, have been extremely rare or absent within the planning area and across Colorado since the early 1900s. In 1999, the CPW initiated a lynx recovery program intended to augment any existing populations in the southern Rocky Mountains with transplants from Canada and Alaska. The augmentation program resulted in 218 lynx being transplanted into the San Juan Mountains between 1999 and 2006. From February 1999 to February 2005, 144 of the reintroduced lynx were detected in the planning area and 126 kittens were born in Colorado as of June 2009. In the southern Rocky Mountains, high-elevation spruce-fir forests make up the primary habitat for lynx and its primary prey species, the snowshoe hare. There are approximately 15,000 acres of lynx habitat on BLM lands in the planning area. Currently, there is no federal recovery plan published for this species. Canada lynx habitat is managed according to the Canada Lynx Conservation Agreement, which was signed by the USFS, BLM, and USFWS in the spring of 2000 (USFS and USFWS 2000, updated 2013). Under that agreement, the land management agencies agreed to consider the recommendations contained in the LCAS in order to help guide planning activities and ESA Section 7 consultation. These guiding documents include habitat definitions, recommended analysis methods, and conservation measures, goals, objectives, standards, and guidelines intended to help provide a consistent approach to conserve Canada lynx in the conterminous United States. The Mexican spotted owl is one of three subspecies of spotted owl in North America. In March 1993, the Mexican subspecies was listed as a federally threatened species under the ESA. The proposed rule to designate critical habitat for the Mexican spotted owl was completed by the USFWS in February 2001. That proposal included 4.6 million acres across Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. The 2001 proposal was considered inadequate by the courts in October 2003, and a new final rule to designate critical habitat was published in August 2004. The 2004 rule included 8.6 million acres across federal lands in Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. Approximately 322,326 acres (approximately 3.7%) of this land occurs in Colorado. The planning area was not included in the 2001 or the 2004 critical habitat designations. There have been numerous Mexican spotted owl surveys conducted across the TRFO since the late 1980s. There have been no Mexican spotted owl detections on BLM lands in the planning area. Nesting has been documented in Mesa Verde National Park, but no owls have been located outside the park on adjacent BLM-administered lands. The occurrence of Mexican spotted owl within the planning area appears to be irregular and uncommon, and similar to other locations in Colorado where apparently suitable habitat remains unoccupied. Mexican spotted owl habitat in the planning area occurs mostly in steep, narrow, rocky canyons that are rarely subject to management activities; therefore, habitat has been minimally affected by management actions. Habitat present across most areas has been influenced by insects, disease, and wildfire. These disturbance processes have reduced habitat quality over the last 20 years. Management activities (mechanical fuels reduction, prescribed fire, forest restoration projects) have been completed in some locations to help restore habitat conditions and reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire. Management of Mexican spotted owl habitat across the planning area has been consistent with the current recovery plan, and would continue as that recovery plan is updated. Continued inventory and monitoring of suitable habitat and maintenance of occupied habitat would be the primary conservation measures that the TRFO would use in order to aid in the recovery of the species. The Southwestern willow flycatcher is one of four or five recognized subspecies of the willow flycatcher (Sedgwick 2001). In March 1995, the southwestern willow flycatcher was listed as a federally endangered species under the ESA. The proposed rule to designate critical habitat for the southwestern willow flycatcher was completed in October 2004. The proposal included 1,556 floodplain miles in California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico as critical habitat within the 100-year floodplain or flood-prone areas. The proposal also identified the essential stream and lake edge habitats thought to be essential for conserving the species (USFWS 2004). There is no designated critical habitat for the southwestern willow flycatcher in the planning area. P-2 Appendix P - Federally Listed Species and Sensitive Species There are no confirmed breeding populations of southwestern willow flycatcher in the planning area. In summary, the current information suggests that the planning area does not measurably contribute to the recovery or overall viability of the southwestern willow flycatcher. The possibility of future individual breeding pairs, however, cannot be discounted as the recovery of the subspecies expands. Continued monitoring of suitable and occupied habitats would continue to utilize the USFWS protocol. Management of southwestern willow flycatcher habitat across the planning area has been consistent with the current Southwestern Willow Flycatcher Recovery Plan (USFWS 2002) and would continue as the recovery plan is updated. Continued inventory and monitoring of suitable habitat and maintenance of occupied habitats would occur in order to aid in the recovery of the species. The Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly was discovered in 1978 and described as a new species in 1980. In 1991, it was listed as a federally endangered species. The Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly has the smallest range of any North American butterfly and is restricted to alpine, snow willow habitats within a small geographical area in the San Juan Mountains and southern Sawatch Range in southwest Colorado. Suitable habitat in the planning area occurs on BLM-administered lands. Suitable habitat for the Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly is restricted to topographic features that rarely occur in the planning area. Suitable habitat consists of snow willow above 13,000 feet on north, northeast, and east aspects. Snow willow serves as the host plant for the eggs and larvae of the Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly. Most of the snow willow patches in the planning area do not support the vegetative characteristics of occupied sites found on neighboring forests (may be related to soil and moisture factors). Since 1983, the number of known Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly colonies across the species range has increased (as more extensive surveys have been initiated).
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