Roman Britain

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Roman Britain Key Facts • Before the Roman conquest, Britain was a collection • The Romans built Hadrian’s wall to keep the Scottish of Celtic tribes people. tribes out of England. • Rome was founded in Italy by Romulus in 753 BC. • The Romans worshipped many different Gods and Romulus was one of a pair of twins. He killed his Goddesses, including Jupiter, Juno, Mars and Diana. brother Remus during a disagreement of where to • In around 200AD Emperor Constantine made build to the city. Christianity the religion of the Roman Empire. • The Roman Empire spread across Europe, Parts of • There was a significant African-Roman settlement in Asia and North Africa. York, where the remains of Julia Tertia, known as Ivory • Roman Britain was a province of the Roman Empire Bangle Lady, were discovered in 1901. from 43 to 410AD. • The Romans made significant changes to Britain: • In 60BC, Boudicca, Queen of the Iceni tribe, led they built brick houses, roads and towns, introduced a rebellion against Roman rule. She defeated the Christianity, laid the foundations of our legal system Romans at Colchester, St Albans and London before and influenced our language. they finally won at the Battle of Watling Street. Timeline of key events Successful invasion of Rebellion led by Attempted invasion of Christianity introduced The end of Roman rule Britain by Aulus Plautius Boudicca, queen of the Britain by Julius Caesar to Britain in Britain for Emperor Claudius Iceni 55BC 43AD 60AD 200AD 410AD Historical Skills Concepts The Roman Legacy • Investigate the Roman Empire’s • agriculture: the system of farming. • Towns and roads e.g. Bath, St impact on Britain • invader: someone who enters Albans, Chester. • Consider the power of the Roman another country by force. • Inventions: central heating, Army. • settler: someone who decides to live aqueducts, toilets, sewers • Investigate British resistance e.g. in a different place to that in which • Language, numbers & laws Boudicca and the Iceni tribe. they were born. • Christianity • Explore the ‘Romanisation’ of • empire: a group of countries under • Coins Britain: the impact of technology one ruler. • Entertainment: public baths, and culture/beliefs. • resistance: standing up to invaders. ampitheatres Key People • Aulus Plautius: Roman general who led • Boudicca: Celtic queen of the Iceni • Julius Caesar: a Roman leader the successful invasion in 43 BC. tribe Septimus Severus – An African- • Emperor Claudius: the Emperor at the • Tacitus: Roman historian and source Roman general based in York. time of the successful invasion of Britain of much of our information about the • Julia Tertia: Africa-Roman settler in 43 BC. Romans. known as ivory Bangle Lady..

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Language Contact and Identity in Roman Britain
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 5-16-2016 12:00 AM Language Contact and Identity in Roman Britain Robert Jackson Woodcock The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Professor Alexander Meyer The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Classics A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Arts © Robert Jackson Woodcock 2016 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the Indo- European Linguistics and Philology Commons Recommended Citation Woodcock, Robert Jackson, "Language Contact and Identity in Roman Britain" (2016). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 3775. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/3775 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract Language is one of the most significant aspects of cultural identity. This thesis examines the evidence of languages in contact in Roman Britain in order to determine the role that language played in defining the identities of the inhabitants of this Roman province. All forms of documentary evidence from monumental stone epigraphy to ownership marks scratched onto pottery are analyzed for indications of bilingualism and language contact in Roman Britain. The language and subject matter of the Vindolanda writing tablets from a Roman army fort on the northern frontier are analyzed for indications of bilingual interactions between Roman soldiers and their native surroundings, as well as Celtic interference on the Latin that was written and spoken by the Roman army.
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