Journal of Liberation formerly the Movement for Colonial Freedom Winter 2020

Contents

Post election apocalypse?

Middle East political uncertainty continues Jane Green

Iraq uprising fights for democracy and peace Resisting RSS and BJP Hindutva ideology Joginder Bains

The two Manzoor Pashteen Hegemonic competition v peace Stavri Kalopsidiotou

Liberation 2019 AGM Journal of Liberation formerly the Movement for Colonial Freedom Volume 61 No. 8 Winter 2020

Contents

MiddleEeast political uncertainty continues 2 Jane Green Formerly the Movement for Colonial Freedom, Liberation was founded in1954. Today Liberation campaigns for peace, economic justice, equality and human rights Iraq uprising fights for Liberation democracy and peace 75-77 St John Street, London EC1M 4NN 4

Maggie Bowden general secretary This issue prepared by Ararat Ratoosi

Printed by RussellPress Design and production Manifesto Press Resisting RSS and BJP set in Liberation sans Hindutva ideology Joginder Bains Other than the editorial, the opinions in the 6 articles are not necessarily those of Liberation

The two Pakistans Manzoor Pashteen To recieve a copy of this issue or to recieve 8 regular issues of Liberation journal pleae email or call on [email protected] 02073242498 www. liberationorg.co.uk Hegemonic competition v peace 10 Stavri Kalopsidiotou

13 Liberation 2019 AGM Post election apocalypse?

them all being “reasons for the UK to hold Breaking up larger concentrations of its head high”. Did the Conservatives power into pieces that individually have perhaps run past Greta Thunberg their less power may sound clever but it’s a claim to have “driven the agenda” on dangerous game. A Sunni Arab war fighting climate change? Doubtful, against Shia forces in the Middle East probably, especially given their refusal to would surmount all national borders. An honour the convention on the rights of the alliance between imperialism and the CLEAR OUTCOME of the UK child due to their ideological commitment Sunnis, cosied up to by Israel, is the general election is that the to domestic corporal punishment. Ms greatest danger to world peace, with Manifesto of the Labour Party, Thunberg and 15 other children have Sunnis making up 90% or more of the wAhich for the very first time seemed to be recently filed a sample legal complaint populations of Egypt, Jordan and Saudi promoting an independent foreign policy against some countries of failing to take Arabia. Shia constitute about 10% of all in the interests not just of Britain but the action on climate change, in violation of Muslims and globally. citizens of the world, will not now be the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The interests of the US military- implemented. Yet, apparently, ‘Getting Brexit Done’ industrial complex and the oil and It said that international peace and will allow Britain to do more on the transport lobbies, together with their allies security would be a “primary objective” international stage, championing a “rules- in Britain, in motivating this burgeoning since “Britain deserves better than the based” approach by bolstering “NATO; strange alliance may be well aware of Conservatives’ reckless approach to the Commonwealth; Five Eyes; the G20; much speculation over the impending complex global challenges or the the G7; and the World Trade global crash in 2020, now coming in thick outsourcing of UK foreign policy to US Organisation”, all economic, espionage, and fast, led by investment bank, President Donald Trump.” and military frameworks designed to keep JPMorgan – sparked by automated Referencing “failed military the status quo. Other international trading systems. Forbes Magazine says: interventions in countries like Libya”, initiatives involve “supporting the “2020s Might Be The Worst Decade In which have worsened security across upcoming Commonwealth Games, UEFA U.S. History – triggered by contagion North Africa, accelerating the refugee European Women’s Championships and from a global credit crisis.” The chief crisis”, Labour under long-time friend of Rugby League World Cup – and we economist at Moody’s Analytics, has said Liberation, Jeremy Corbyn, would have would back a potential UK and Ireland bid that “2020 is a real inflection point”. trail-blazed “a New Internationalism”. A for the 2030 FIFA World Cup”, say the Global stimulus packages are coming War Powers Act would have ensured no Tories. But “unlike Jeremy Corbyn, we will to an end, inflation is coming, trade prime minister would again bypass stand up to foreign countries that threaten disputes will create a drag on economies Parliament to commit to conventional the stability of Europe, or commit state- and interest rates are now on a rapid military action. sanctioned murder on British soil” upward trajectory. A slump can only be Sadly, no audit of the impact of Meanwhile, the world cartwheels into avoided by going to war. Unquestionably, Britain’s colonial legacy will now be disaster. President Trump’s claim about for billions of people the medicine is conducted, unless Liberation starts a growing Iranian control of Iraq might be much worse that the illness. But, for the project to create understanding of dismissed as nonsense without the larger elite, things are different. It was Albert Britain’s contribution to “the dynamics of consequences involved. Although Einstein who said he didn’t know what violence and insecurity” across regions Washington’s anti-Muslim passport-ban weapons World War III would be fought previously in sway to the Empire. purports to be about 9/11, none of the with; but he was sure “World War IV will Whether there will ever be a British states from which the hijackers came are be fought with sticks and stones”. apology for the Jallianwala Bagh subject to the ban. The intent behind the 254 armed conflicts have been fought massacre is left in the air. The people of list and the hostility to Iran increasingly since 1946, of which 114 are classed as the Chagas Islands remain in limbo and looks to be to use anti-Shia sentiment to wars, defined as more than one thousand the rights of the people of West Papua divide peoples. If Donald Trump thinks battle-related deaths per annum. Right and the Western Sahara go Latin refers to dance movement, no now, long-standing wars continue in unrecognised. With no inquiry into doubt Boris Johnson imbibed Caesar’s Afghanistan (42,000 fatalities in 2019), complicity over rendition and torture, we Commentaries on the Gallic Wars in his Yemen (21,000), Syria (12,000). 10,000 must continue fighting for international youth. It doesn’t take much knowledge of people were killed last year in conflicts in justice the best we can. dead languages to work out that the Somalia, Libya, Iraq and Kurdish The Conservative Manifesto viewed playing fields of Eton have always populated areas of Turkey. Are we not Britain as “a force for good”, with strong resounded with the refrain ‘divide et entitled to ask what the price of war in Armed Forces and a willingness to use impera’, or divide and conquer. 2020 will be? n

Liberation 1 Middle East – politica uncertainty continues

The assassination of the muted, with a relatively low-key rocket such as Hamas and Hezbollah for commander of the Islamic attack on US air bases inside Iraq, with example, which may result in further no reported casualties. Sources inside responses taken at arm’s length from the Revolution Guard Corps, Iran indicate that the Iranians had alerted regime itself. Qasem Soleimani, has the US in advance of the strike, allowing While political assassination as a tool sparked a further round of all US and Iraqi personnel to be of foreign policy is not a new tactic for uncertainty in the Middle evacuated well in advance. Given the the US, the assassination of Soleimani public outpourings of grief on the streets still came as a shock to the Iranian East and brought the of Iranian cities and the expressions of regime and a blow to its adventurist danger of increased conflict vengeance from the regime’s leaders, foreign policy in the Middle East. With closer. Jane Green Iran’s action so far does not appear to be responsibility for the IRGC Quds Force, assesses the current proportionate to Soleimani’s status. in charge of overseas operations, Following the “missile attack” Soleimani was instrumental in extending situation. Iranian Foreign Minister, Javad Zarif Iranian influence throughout the region, tweeted that Iran had responded, across Iraq, into Syria and in Lebanon HE DEATH TOLL following the indicating in effect that the issue was and Yemen. His military and tactical assassination, by the United States, settled. acumen is widely credited with having of Islamic Revolution Guard Corps This contrasts to the Iranian response turned around the prospect of a Western (TIRGC) commander, General Qasem less than a week earlier when Iran’s led victory in the war of intervention in Soleimani, currently runs at over two Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Syria. hundred, with over 60 civilians being Khamenei, had said that “severe revenge Soleimani, was the loyal servant of a crushed in scenes of grief at Soleimani’s awaits the criminals” behind the attack theocratic dictatorship, unpopular with funeral and 176 deaths in the shooting and three days of national mourning its own people, as recent demonstrations down of the Ukranian civilian airliner, were announced. At that time Javad in November 2019 against corruption which the Iranian regime has admitted was Zarif called the attack an “act of and political cronyism across Iran a tragic mistake. international terrorism”, going on to say illustrate. The Iranian regime will never Neither of these events would have that, admit it but his assassination came at a taken place without the assassination of “The US bears responsibility for all time when uniting the country against a Soleimani and both are examples of the consequences of its rogue adventurism.” foreign enemy could have been a useful unintended consequences which can On an official level, it appears that distraction from domestic pressures. follow on from significant political and the Iranian side has secretly conceded to At least 7,000 people have reportedly military decisions. the US. However, there may be more to been arrested in 28 of Iran’s 31 provinces The official Iranian regime response come. Iran has a range of options for since mass protests broke out on 15th to the assassination has been strangely action across the region, through allies November, prompting UN High

2 Liberation significant loss of life, has refocussed the was sufficient for Pompeo to win over Iranian people upon the incompetence of Trump to his viewpoint and Soleimani’s the regime. fate was sealed. On Saturday,11th January massive The political balance in the region, demonstrations by university students already precarious, has become even took place in Tehran and other key cities, more volatile since Soleimani’s death. in protest against the IRGC forces Iran is using the opportunity to call shooting down the plane killing 176 for the complete withdrawal of US passengers,147 of them Iranian, on their troops from the region, a demand echoed way to Europe and North America. The by the Iraqi Parliament, but one with Iranian authorities had for three days which the US is unlikely to comply. An falsely claimed technical difficulties as estimated 5,500 US troops are in Iraq the cause of the crash. However, early and the US is in negotiations with NATO on Saturday morning they announced about an increased non-US NATO that an IRGC air defence system had contribution. This is added to the fact shot down the airliner minutes after that the United States has moved 14,000 leaving Tehran international airport. additional troops to the Gulf region in Protesters were calling for the regime’s the past year. al resignation. Much has been made of Iranian The recent wave of internal protests proxies in the region but, in Saudi Arabia were sparked by the withdrawal by the and Israel, the US has proxies of its own United States from the 2015 nuclear who could inflict potentially severe deal. This was swiftly followed by damage upon Iran. s tighter sanctions upon Iran, resulting in On the Iranian side of the scales there increased pressure upon the domestic must be added the support of Russia, economy. This has especially hit the expressed militarily in its intervention in financial sector where exclusion from the Syria, and that of China, which continues US international interbank payment to provide an economic outlet for Iranian Commissioner for Human Rights, system, SWIFT, has led Tehran to look produce. Michelle Bachelet, to state that she is, to link with alternative systems in China However, the volatility of US foreign “extremely concerned about their and Russia. policy, the ideological objectives of physical treatment, violations of their Oil sales continue, primarily to Syria Saudi Arabia and Israel, and the right to due process, and the possibility and China in order to generate income geopolitical ambitions of Russia, do not that a significant number of them may be for the regime. Iran has also upped the lend themselves to any degree of charged with offences that carry the ante by participating in joint naval drills certainty. Added to that the increasingly death penalty, in addition to the with Russia and China in the Indian unstable position of the theocratic conditions under which they are held.” Ocean in late December. dictatorship in Iran, under intense Islamic Revolution Guards Corps From an Iranian point of view, pre- pressure from its own people for (IRGC) chief commander, General eminence in the Shia Muslim world is democratic change, will continue to be a Hossein Salami, suggested that the paramount and the networks established major factor for instability in the protests across Iran were conducted by through Soleimani have been regional balance. Resistance to US “thugs” with the backing of the US, instrumental in maintaining an Iranian troops in Iraq continues to be an issue, Israel and Saudi Arabia. Salami went on regional presence, in the face of the political instability in Lebanon continues to link the protests to the US policy of Sunni Muslim pressure from US backed and the ability of the Syrian people to “maximum pressure” against Tehran, Saudi Arabia, as well as providing a recover from seven years of war will, no following the US withdrawal from the bulwark against threats from Israel. doubt, continue to be tested. 2015 nuclear deal with Iran last year. The assassination of Soleimani Much of this uncertainty however is Khamenei, has talked of a “dangerous followed a sequence of events going due to the pressure for democratic conspiracy” implicating the US, Israel back to the 27th December, when an change coming from the people of and Saudi Arabia. Iranian backed Shia militia attacked an countries suffering under dictatorships of Such assertions, while completely Iraqi military base, killing a US one form or another, such as Saudi false, have become the regime’s default contractor. Reports from the US indicate Arabia and Iran, or suffering under US position when faced with protests against that Secretary of State, Mike Pompeo, occupation or influence such as in Iraq. its policies of extreme austerity, resulting suggested the killing of Soleimani at that The Middle East remains a complex in unpaid wages, hunger, routine point but the tactic was rejected in favour web of alliances in which there is no discrimination against women and of air strikes against the militia obvious or easy route to navigate. university students facing an uncertain responsible for the attack. However, solidarity with the people of future. The air strikes led militia supporters the Middle East, in their efforts to While the regime may have been to attack the Green Zone in Baghdad’s reshape their nations and the region in hoping that the death of Soleimani would diplomatic quarter, overrunning the their interests, rather than those of provide a distraction from domestic gated US embassy compound, before Western corporations or the military pressures, the shooting down of the Iraqi forces arrived to break up the industrial complex, will be more vital Ukrainian passenger aircraft, with intrusion. It would seem that the event than ever in the coming period n

Liberation 3 IRAQI UPRISING Fight for democratic change and peace The popular uprising, the New Big Challenge into an arena to settle accounts and broadest movement for The Uprising is now facing a new big implement tit-for-tat revenge operations decades in Iraq, is challenge and a crucial phase ahead that between the two sides. The Iraqi people could have a decisive impact on its and youth should not become cannon continuing unabated outcome and the whole political scene. fodder for a war with which they have despite bloody repression. The dangerous developments in recent nothing to do. This position was clearly days, with the military escalation expressed in mass demonstrations, between the US and Iran taking place on rallies and sit-ins during recent days, as the territory of Iraq, flagrantly violating its expressed by the slogan “No to the US .. HE NUMBER of protesters brutally national sovereignty, have pushed the No to Iran”. killed by security forces, militias region to the brink of yet another Every effort must be therefore be and shadowy armed groups has devastating war. This situation made to spare both Iraqi and Iranian eTxceeded 500 people. The real figures for constitutes a grave danger to peace in peoples the scourge of international and the death toll are expected to be higher. the Middle East and the world. The Iraqi regional conflicts. These conflicts The number of the wounded is more than people have experienced the horrors of should be defused and settled by 25,000. Tens of activists have been war several times in recent decades, as peaceful and diplomatic means, by assassinated, abducted and the fate of a result of the criminal adventures of respecting international laws and norms many of them is still unknown. Despite Saddam’s dictatorship, including the and ensuring peace and security. Every this vicious onslaught and mass killings, Iraq-Iran war that lasted 8 years during people have the right to decide their own the uprising has been overwhelmingly the 1980s and the invasion of Kuwait in destiny with their own free will, without peaceful. It is a testimony to the resilience 1990, followed by the US war, invasion threats and external interference. of the young protesters who have risen up and occupation in 2003. They also The bitter experience of the Iraqi courageously against a corrupt oligarchy suffered the disastrous consequences of people over more than three decades of and sectarian politics that have stolen their more than a decade of harsh dictatorship and wars prove beyond any lives and future and plundered their international economic sanctions. doubt that only a truly democratic homeland. Their burning desire for radical Democratic forces and protesters regime can guarantee peace and social change and a better Iraq, for a civil have strongly condemned the violation progress, strengthen national unity and democratic Iraq and social justice, has of Iraq’s national sovereignty by both protect national sovereignty and been encapsulated by the slogan: ‘We the US and Iran. They have also independence. Want a Homeland’. declared their opposition to turning Iraq It is therefore fundamentally

4 Liberation important in the current situation in Iraq power after 2003. Women and youth for the death toll are expected to be and the area to reiterate the vital lesson must be represented in this government. higher. The number of the wounded is drawn from past bitter experience that Preparing for new elections, as more than 25,000. The figures released the struggle for democracy is closely envisioned by this roadmap, requires the by government agencies indicated that interconnected with the struggle for legislation of a new democratic and fair more than 50,000 people had been peace. It is especially a vital lesson and electoral law, as well as a new High detained and later released. But the fate a guide of action for the Uprising, to Electoral Commission which is truly of many is still unknown and there is face up to the warmongers, who independent. In addition, the Law on deep concern about the ‘disappeared’. themselves are also responsible for the Political Parties must be amended to massacres against the protesters, and to ensure a democratic political life, Assassinations and Torture defeat the attempts to stir up division preventing the possession by political Assassinations and kidnapping of and infights and divert attention from parties of armed wings and ensuring activists have become a daily the main objectives of the Uprising. transparency in their financial sources. occurrence, carried out by militias and Resignation of PM One of the urgent tasks of the new unknown assailants, with the aim of A significant victory was achieved transitional government would also be terrorising the protesters and when the Prime Minister Adel Abdul bringing to justice the perpetrators of the suppressing the uprising. Journalists and Mehdi was forced to announce his mass killing of protesters. All media people have been increasingly resignation on 29th November 2019. It restrictions on the media must be lifted targeted. On 10th January, two reporters was one of the urgent demands of the and the constitutional right to assembly of an Iraqi TV station, Ahmed abdul- participants in the uprising, mainly and freedom of expression must be Samad and Safa’Ghali, were cowardly young people seeking deep political respected. Arms must be put under the assassinated in Basra only one hour after change, by getting rid of the corrupt control of the state and militias must be covering an attack by security forces on political system, based on sectarian- outlawed. In addition, urgent social and a mass rally. ethnic power-sharing, that was installed economic measures are needed to A number of protesters were abducted after the US invasion and occupation in combat rampant corruption, tackle the after leaving sit-ins in squares and 2003. But the resignation only came high unemployment especially among subjected to torture by militias in after another massacre committed by the the young, rebuild the national industry coordination with some elements in the security forces and militias against and deal with the crises in health, national security apparatus. They faced peaceful protesters in the southern city education and housing. death threats and were forced to give of Naseriyah (Thi Qar province) and the But the dominant blocs in “confessions” and sign pledges that they city of Najaf when tens of people were parliament, representing those in power, would not go back to the protests. Such killed. have obstinately refused to comply with practices and flagrant violations of The resignation of the Prime the will of the people and the legitimate human rights and basic freedoms Minister, however, was considered only demands of the Uprising. They resorted guaranteed by the Constitution are a first step that was necessary to start to political manoeuvres, coupled with reminiscent of the days under fascist implementing a roadmap that leads to escalating repression, in order to dictatorship and occupation. defeating the corrupt system, maintain their positions and privileges. dismantling the “deep state” and The parliament passed an amended Appeal for International Solidarity achieving the alternative: a civil electoral law that effectively ensures the Despite several reports by the UN democratic state based on citizenship recirculation of the corrupt political representative in Baghdad, and and social justice. groups. Furthermore, they put forward international human rights organisations, their own nominations for the new exposing the horrific crimes committed Roadmap prime minister, all of whom were part of against the protesters, they have The roadmap put forward by the the same corrupt and sectarian parties or continued and increased. It is therefore protesters called for setting up a closely connected to them. The aim is to an urgent demand that a special mission transitional government with prevent the formation of a new is sent by the UN Human Rights exceptional powers that would prepare transitional government and prolong the Commission to Iraq to investigate these for early elections within a period of no life of the current caretaker government, crimes. The Iraqi authorities and the more than six months. It also called for while escalating the repression. present caretaker government, and its selecting a new prime minster based on These political ploys were exposed head who is also Chief-in-Command of specific criteria: patriotism, competence, by the participants in the uprising, and the Iraqi armed forces, must be held integrity, independence. He/She must all such nominations were firmly and fully responsible and accountable for the not have previously held a ministerial or openly rejected at mass rallies and escalating repression and bloodshed. legislative post. This selection must not demonstrations every Friday and by A magnificent example of the spirit be influenced by the infamous quota daily sit-ins in Tahrir Square in Baghdad of defiance and determination to system, regional and sectarian and other provinces. continue the uprising despite the tendencies and narrow partisanship. The Meanwhile, the campaign of enormous challenges it is facing, due to Prime Minister-designate would form repression against the uprising has both internal and external factors, was the transitional government of national intensified to unprecedented levels the huge turnout for mass figures who are competent, impartial during recent weeks. The number of demonstrations in Baghdad and other and known for their integrity. They protesters brutally killed by security major cities on 10th January 2020. It should be independent of the political forces, militias and shadowy groups has marked 100 days since the Uprising parties and blocs that have been in exceeded 500 people. The real figures erupted on 1st October 2019 n

Liberation 5 Resisting Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and BJP’s Hindutva ideology Joginder Bains connivance of the Government and law failed. Instead of fixing the economic enforcing agencies. Private vigilante problems the nation is facing, Modi he Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh groups of RSS have been terrorising Government is busy diverting public (RSS) was created in 1925 on the communities and individuals, murdering attention to Hindu/ Muslim debate. ruins of Hindu Mahasabha by Dr many activists, artists and writers while The events in the state of Jammu and TK.B. Hedgewar who was inspired by the many others have been shut in jail or put Kashmir is part of the anti-Muslim stance works of Vanaik Damoder Svarker. They under house arrest. Any dissent is being arguing that Muslims are not inherently both admired the Fascist leaders like advocated as treason. citizens of India. The repeal of articles Mussolini in Italy and Hitler from Narinder Modi, and Amit Shah, under 370 and 35a in Kashmir has taken away Germany. Ever since its formation RSS the guidance from their masters, RSS, its special status of nationhood. It is a have been arguing for Hindu Nationalism have been sending a clear message to betrayal of the pledge given to the without which the interests of the Hindus the Muslims that they were welcome to Kashmiri people when they rejected could not be served or protected. It remain in Hindu India only if they were theocratic state of and decided regards Islamic rulers as colonisers equal prepared to accept Hindu supremacy or to join the secular Indian republic. One to the British Colonial Rulers. RSS reconvert into Hindu religion – Ghar nation, one religion and one language advocates and promotes the two - nation wapsi ( return home). The RSS believes theory are promoted to harass minorities theory building Hindu nation; the that many of its ancestors were forcefully and diverse communities. As such people fundamental of which will be Hindu converted into Islam by Muslim Colonial of Kashmir have been deprived of supremacy where Muslims would be rulers. freedom of speech, press and protest driven into subservient status. Since 2014 millions of Indians, due to that reminds us the black days of British On 15th August 1947 India achieved BJP’s economic policies, have been Rowlett Act. All communication modes national Independence. Indian Masses pushed into extreme poverty, and transport services are shut depriving rejected Hindutva ideology instead they unemployment is reaching an them to travel, hold their jobs, run chose to embrace and strengthen secular unprecedented level. The nation has still business, go to schools/ colleges, or democratic Republic of India. RSS was not recovered from demonetisation in access medical services. Kashmiri defeated at every election until its political 2016 when 100 people lost life queueing people are being suffocated in the open arm BJP gained power in 1999 and at the banks in extreme weather to jail created by the BJP Government. All served full term. Though suffered a exchange their hard - earned money. leaders of the opposition Parties including miserable defeat in 2004, BJP remained Financial and motor industry have been three formal Chief Ministers were put in a primary opposition party for the hit the hardest resulting in the small jail or under house arrest who have following ten years. It regained power dependent business shutting for good. recently been released. BJP Government with landslide victory in 2014 and again in Public funds have been reduced to such wants to enjoy the heavenly beauty of 2019 it won General election with even an extent that the state services are Kashmir valley free of the Kashmiris that larger majority. struggling to meet the demands and to remind us Palestine sieged under Israeli Bewildered Indian public could not maintain standards. National GDP has administration. Reducing Kashmir to comprehend BJP victory in 2019. They declined from 8% seven months ago to union territories along with months of could see the clouds of danger in the current 4.5%. Declining urban and rural lockdown has made India lose its horizon, experience of which in the income resulted from high unemployment democratic sheen at world level. previous five years, was still fresh and has reduced people’s buying power and Narinder Modi, Amit Shah and the wounds of tyranny to Muslims and other lowered the living standards. Many BJP Government are working under minority communities were raw in their industrialist and farmers, unable to auspicious of their Hindu Fundamentalist psyche. BJP’s Hindutva rhetoric forced manage the burden of heavy debts, are gurus, RSS, to transform Democratic and them to take position of second-class committing suicide. Under such an secular fabric of India into a Hindu citizens. On the pretext of cow meat economic downturn, foreign investors are Nationalist State that will have no place lynching of Muslims, Dalits and Adivasi not forthcoming to invest in India. Modi’s for religious and communal diversity; a have been taking place with full “Make in India” scheme has miserably state where Hindus will have the position

6 Liberation of supremo religious body and all the opposing tooth and nail the hurriedly coming to them from all over India and others will live at its mercy. It remined us passed CAA. More than 11 state chief from all over the world. We salute our of the rise of Hitler. Equal to the Private ministers have opposed these sinister sisters in struggle at Shaheen Bagh. armies like Brown Shirts in Hitler’s designs and have pledged not to Despite the tyranny applied by the Germany and Talebans in Pakistan, implement it. On 31st December, Kerala state police, Indian masses are standing Hindutva advocates are busy terrorising Assembly has become the first legislature strong to BJP Government. Since the Muslims and other minorities such as to pass a resolution against the amended approval of CAA, 29 people have been Dalit and Adivasi as well as any changes in Citizenship Law and National killed and hundreds more have been dissenters. Population Register. Backing the Kerala injured by the police brutality. Police In order to fulfil its 2019 elections Assembly resolution, Punjab Chief entered many houses, attacking manifesto pledge to identify and expel all Minister, Amarinder Singh, has stated that residents and ransacking their properties. the illegal immigrants, the Home it is the voice of people which is against Students from Jamia Malia University Secretary, Amit Shah, proceeded to the legislation and the centre should pay were indiscriminately pulled out of the conduct National Register of Citizens in attention to it. campus, library and hostels and were Assam where lived a large number of The CAA, NRC, NPR and BJP’s publicly beaten. Many protesters have refugees from Bangladesh. All citizens in Hindu Nationalist Doctrine is criticised lost limbs, eyesight and have had broken Assam were required to produce nationally and internationally. The UN arms and legs. Same has been documents to prove their right to Human Rights Chief, Michele Bachelet witnessed at the Jawaher Lal Nehru citizenship. The results from the exercise called the Act, “fundamentally University where Akhil Bhartiya Vidyarthi proven to be opposite to the expectations discriminatory in nature and undermines Prishad (ABVP) masked goons entered of BJP Government. 1.9 million people India’s commitment to international law with weapons seriously injuring students. were unable to produce required and the Indian constitution.” The BJP Police arrived at the scenes only after the documents out of which 1.5 million turn Government’s anti - people’s policies and attackers had left the campus. Police out to be Hindus and 0.4 million Muslims it actions of baiting minorities especially aggression and violence by its goons has have become stateless and have been Muslims has tarnished India’s reputation made Indian public and students more moved into detention centres. of a largest democracy in the world. determined to encounter BJP In order to protect the right to Indian public resistance to CAA, NRC Government. They are not only opposing citizenship of all refugees escaping and NPR has spread every nook and CAA, NRC and NPR but resistance of persecution in the neighbouring Muslim corner of Indian society. Indian people Hindutva Ideology is their primary aim. Majority countries, Bangladesh, Pakistan are determined to defeat RSS and BJP They are resisting high unemployment, and Afghanistan, BJP Government has Hindutva doctrine that is marginalising poverty, hunger, racism and fascism, and fast tracked the enactment of Citizenship 14% of Indian Muslim population as well struggling for better education, working (Amendment) Act 2019. The act amends as the other poor sections of the Indian conditions, living wages, and pension. the citizenship Act of 1955 providing path society. Refugees from all over the world BJP Government are frightened of public to citizenship to persecuted religious have always been welcomed and uprising that has not been witnessed minorities who entered the country before accommodated in India. Indian people since the independent struggle. 31st December 2014 and relaxes the are angry at introduction of exception and Democracy, equality and peace - residency requirements for naturalisation exclusions based on faith. loving people globally are unitedly raising from 11 years to 5 years. Though in Millions of Indians regardless of their their voice. They fear the Hindutva principle it appears to an appealing religion, cast, creed, gender and age dogma, if not stopped, will repeat the gesture, the argued logic is not have taken to streets. The Hindus, history of Nazi Germany of second world consistent, the Act does not protect all Muslims, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists and no war. British public has also joined minorities, nor does it apply to all faith groups are showing RSS and BJP compatriots in India and in other neighbouring countries. For example the unity that shook the British Colonial countries to resist RSS-BJP led assault CAA does not protect the Ahmadiyya rulers. As patriots they feel let down and on Secular Republic of India. Since 18th Muslim sect and Shi’as face angered that their great country, that led December Britain has witnessed four discrimination in Pakistan, Rohingya the way to diversity and tolerance, should protests and another one has been Muslims and Hindus face persecution in act in such a manner. They are also organised for 25th January 2020 from Burma and Hindu and Christian Tamils in angered by Hindu Fundamentalists, who Downing Street to the Indian Consulate Sri Lanka. With stroke of a pen legally played no role in the struggle for General. settled Muslim migrants and refugees are independence, are teaching them a Indian Workers’ Association GB. being deprived of citizenship rights and lesson of patriotism and are undermining Calls for a wider possible solidarity with their citizenship is being removed. The the Indian National heroes. the people of India to stop this tide of CAA clearly violates the section 14 of the 10s of thousands of women in anti-Muslim acts National Democratic Indian Constitution that protects right to Shaheen Bagh, New Delhi are sitting Alliance (NDA) Government enforcing equality to all persons. It is evil, racist and strong for the last 35 days sending a their Hindutva ideology and advocating a undermines the secular, democratic and strong message to the BJP Government very dangerous path to the two - nation diverse fabric of Indian society. Religious that they will return home only after the theory. We appeal to all democratic and hysteria is created to hoodwink people CAA is repealed. These are the women progressive people and organisations to creating polarisation of Indian who have never participated in any type support Indian people n Communities. of protest or a dispute. They are being A vast majority of Indian people and joined by many other groups from all over Joginder Bains is General Secretary of most leading opposition Parties are the country. Massages of solidarity are the Indian Workers’ Association GB

Liberation 7 The two Pakistans (Standfast) Manzoor HE FIRST overthrow of a civilian the One Unit Policy on 1 July 1970, Pashteen is a leading government in Pakistan took place Pakistan’s political outlook remained figure of PTM (Pashtun as early as 22 August 1947 with the grim with martial law and weak civilian Tcountry just a few days old. The dismissal government overshadowed by military Tahafuz Movement, or of Dr. Khan Sahib’s popularly elected interventions, which continue up to the Pashtun Protection North West Frontier Province government present day under Imran Khan’s Movement). - today’s - paved the premiership. way for military dictatorships that In a recent speech to the UN General followed. This early political failure shows Assembly on 22 September, 2019 and in Here he outlines the anti- why a sense of historical perspective is media interviews, PM Imran Khan has war movement’s origins in needed to make a different Pakistan today. formally admitted that since the 1980s the struggle for Pashtun On 30 September 1955 four Pakistan trained Mujaheddin, Al Qaida provinces (Balochistan, Khyber and for jihad in Afghanistan. civil rights, which emerged Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, and Sindh) According to Imran Khan, the CIA from mass protests in merged with several Tribal areas and funded this training until the coming to 2018 against police smaller states to form West Pakistan, power in Afghanistan of the Taliban. killings and state while East Bengal was renamed East Khan admitted that joining the ‘war on Pakistan. terror’ after 9/11 has cost 70,000 repression in Khyber Pakistan’s ‘One Unit Policy’ from Pakistani lives and $150bn. Pakhtunkhwa and 1955-70, sought to create West Pakistan Pakistanis are grateful to the Prime Balochistan. 35 million as a counterweight to East Pakistan’s Minister for these confessions, but he make up the Bengali majority in today’s Bangladesh. neglected to mention the victims’ The capital of West Pakistan moved nationality. Almost all the 70,000 dead largest single ethnic from Karachi in Sindh to Lahore in the were Pashtuns from Khyber minority of Pakistan’s 207 heart of Punjab. Punjabi dominance of Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan million population. the new state meant erasing the identity provinces. Likewise, the PM neglected of other cultures and nationalities in to mention that almost the entire $150bn West Pakistan. came from the same sources. When General Yahya Khan ended Since birth Pakistan has been mired

8 Liberation in socio-political and economic crises; areas destroying homes, marketplaces state media also remained silent. periodic martial law, wars with India, and murdering innocent men, women In Loralae district, Balochistan, loss of 55 percent of the country’s and children. Many disappearances took Professor Arman Loni a supporter of our population following Bangladesh place and tribal peoples’ history, social, (PTM) was independence in 1971 and an estimated cultural and economic life were beaten to death by police during a 90,000 Pakistani soldiers captured by uprooted in , Malakand and protest rally against state terrorism. For India as prisoners of war. Rising Swat Valley. two months, police not only refused to poverty, unemployment and the Pakistan’s state controlled media register the death, but also arrested those unresolved national question should defends and glorifies military operations demanding a Fatal Injury Report on have led to investment and against civilians and bans public debate Arman Loni’s case be officially industrialisation, to develop our on questions of nationhood and registered. country’s different nations. language. However, when the issue of In , during a political rally Instead, Pakistan’s rulers ignored the Kashmir arises, the state Haroon Bilor, provincial spokesperson working class and promoted religion to opportunistically praises Pashtun of the Awami National Party (ANP) and enforce ideological unity, although bravery, since using Pashtuns for war 22 other activists were murdered in a religion is merely one facet of and violence is settled state policy. terrorist bomb attack, but no suspect was nationhood. The loss of 55 percent of Since 2005 over 70,000 Pashtun arrested nor any committee established her population threatened legal and Pakistanis have lost their lives, many of to investigate the act of terrorism. political legitimacy, but represented an them elderly, women and children. Not a In November 2018, senior Pashtun opportunity to forge a new social single case was publicly condemned by police officer, Tahir Dawar was contract. Unfortunately, no efforts were the state or media. kidnapped in , Pakistan’s made, nor lessons learned. Compare this horrific statistic to the capital and most high-security city. His Ruling class arrogance, indifference blanket coverage of several notorious mutilated corpse was found days later in and ignorance of consequences killings in 2019 in Punjab. Salah ud Din, Afghanistan. Pakistan’s official media characterises Pakistan’s mainly Punjabi a young man with mental health and the state both treated this civil and military establishment, which problems was murdered in police extraordinary event as relatively habitually resorts to strong-arm tactics. custody. Zainab Ansari, a young girl was unimportant. The Prime Minister Military dictatorship and internal abducted, raped and murdered. promised justice, but as of today, no military operations to quell civil unrest Mohammad and Nabila Khalil, and their committee of investigation has been set from Balochistan in the 1970’s to 13-year-old daughter Areeba were up. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa today, have made executed by police who were allegedly A few months ago, the president of Pakistan a quasi-military state. targeting a terrorist. These cases were ANP in Peshawar district was murdered Punjabi dominance also created a treated with exemplary importance and in broad daylight, without a word of deep state, invisible to most Pakistanis state controlled media demanded justice condemnation from Pakistani state but controlled through US military aid, for the victims. Such a media response officials or media. Even more tragically intelligence agencies, paramilitary only applies in Punjab, not to thousands on 26 May 2019 in North Waziristan Pakistan Rangers and police forces. In of cases of police killings of Pashtuns, military forces fired on a PTM protest reality, Pakistanis are ruled with an iron the nation to which I belong. gathering. 15 PTM supporters were hand through largely invisible power Instead of economic development killed and over 31 others injured in the structures based in Punjab. This results and compensation for war-affected Khar Kamar massacre. in very different standards of justice and areas, the onslaught against Pashtuns and , both elected National attitudes of the state and its organs intensified. The abduction and extra- Assembly members were arrested, towards Pakistan’s nations and classes. judicial murder of Naqibulla Masood on detained in prison and mistreated while In October 1947, when 20,000 13 January 2018 in Karachi by a police their trial hearing was delayed. Pashtun tribesmen invaded Kashmir superintendent, Rao Anwar, was a Most tragic of all was the Taliban alongside Pakistan's armed forces flashpoint that united Pashtuns in a massacre of 149 people (including 132 conquering a third of Kashmir and historic protest. Even so, Rao Anwar schoolchildren) at the Army Public Gilgit-Baltistan, with over 6,000 killed went free. We were told the police School in Peshawar on 16 December and 4,000 wounded, they were honoured superintendent is ‘like a son' to 2014. Incredibly, the Taliban as Pakistan’s bravest patriots. When US- Pakistan’s ex-president Zardari. But how mastermind Ehsanullah Ehsan arrested sponsored mujaheddin confronted is it possible for the state to send ex- two years ago, is still held in army Soviet troops in Afghanistan from president Zardari to jail and yet permit custody without any public trial. December 1979 to February 1989, the Rao Anwar to remain free? Pashtuns are treated as mere statistics land of the Pashtuns was used by Last year Nasir Hussain from in police killings, or terrorist bombings Pakistan as a launch pad for jihad. The Kurram district (a Federally in Pakistan. This ethnic cleansing of tribal belt was again crowned with the Administered Tribal Area in Khyber Pashtuns is a well-planned, but never title of most hospitable and bravest Pakhtunkhwa province until 2018 ) also admitted state policy. In North and defenders of Islam and Pakistan. died from torture in police custody. Not South Waziristan, local houses were However, after 9/11 when Pashtun a single report appeared in state bulldozed in military operations against tribes refused to cooperate with the controlled media. Taliban, leaving women and children Pakistani state and its pro-US agenda, When Anwar-ul Haq, a resident of without shelter and vulnerable in the army deployed aerial bombardment Swabi was killed in a staged police deserted villages. and heavy weapons in Pakistan's tribal shootout in August 2018, Pakistan’s Continued overleaf

Liberation 9 Hegemonic competition v peace Stavri Kalopsidiotou combating of mass poverty that millions secure them with a role in the division of people are suffering all over and in and exploitation of natural resources HE PREVAILING situation in the every corner of the world, we can also (natural gas, oil) and in the efforts by the wider region of the Eastern add the actions and omissions of powerful states in the region, namely Mediterranean, the Middle East powerful states that have turned Syria Turkey and Israel, to maintain their aTnd North Africa is increasingly into a bloody theatre of geopolitical supremacy. The multiple benefits which deteriorating. The creation and competition. At the same time, the these states have always aspired to exacerbating the problems, aggressive actions of the United States from the direct or indirect control over unfortunately, there are not powerful in relation to Iran, having already the region have led to numerous military states on the planet that insist on withdrawn from the nuclear deal, have interventions and attempts to replace abolishing, disregarding and ultimately led to escalating tensions between the regimes not under their control, precisely violating basic rules of international law two states. Once again, as it seems just as in the case of Syria where that prohibit interference within states, in factors interconnected with the domestic millions of people have been displaced particular the use of aggressive force. political climate in the US, which and forced to become refugees in a To the inability of the international supplement the timeless goals of the US’ confrontation of foreign interests and the community to peacefully respond foreign policy, are plunging humanity into de facto dismemberment/disintegration effectively to the crisis that has plagued dangerous adventures. of the country into spheres of influence. Yemen for some years now, the criminal The geostrategic competitions and The situation that exists in Libya is tolerance to the illegal occupation of the rivalries in the wider region are primarily also similar, with the responsibility of Palestinian territories by Israel and the intertwined with the efforts by powerful NATO and the international community continuing violations of the human rights states to maintain and/or create new for the bloody tightening of the grip of the Palestinian people, the scant spheres of influence that, inter alia, will threatening to undermine the hope for

are forcing Pashtuns out of their villages PTM demands that the thousands of making them Internally Displaced Pashtuns arrested by intelligence Persons (IDP) facing food and other agencies be brought to court, or insecurities. released. But for the state all is fair in In 2009 army operations in love and war. Malakand forced three million people to PTM has demanded fact-finding and become IDPs. Punjabi Army personnel conflict resolution commissions, but the were deployed in a deliberate policy state arrests and imprisons elected intended to sow fear and persuade National Assembly members Ali Wazir Pashtuns to accept Punjabis as their and Mohsin Dawar. When National masters, although thousands of Pashtuns Assembly members from central Punjab are enlisted in Pakistan's army . and Sindh provinces were released from For Pakistan’s state security prison in 2019 to attend a parliamentary continued from page 9 agencies, our Pashtun Protection session, Mohsin Dawar and Ali Wazir Movement (PTM) has committed a were refused release. The two Pakistans crime simply by sharing these facts with In Khyber Pukhtunkhwa almost all > More than 8,000 young Pashtuns the people. industrial zones have stopped work. have been picked up by Security Despite PTM’s demands for Factory buildings lie deserted leaving Agencies. Many are still held in custody. landmine clearance to protect civilians, skilled workers without the means to Local markets have been destroyed, particularly children, the state refuses to live with dignity. Government schools and colleges closed for several acknowledge this as a human rights employees’ salaries remain unpaid. PTM years. These actions by Pakistan’s Army issue. is demanding compensation for those

10 Liberation peace. Even the recent Berlin influence as reflected in the EastMed Act problem. Indeed, when one takes into conference on the future of Libya has is being promoted, without any account the situation in the wider region, been a reflection of the international preconditions being created for a solution it is clear that these plans are situation in recent years. That is to say, of the Cyprus problem. Instead, this is all exacerbating the precarious conditions foreign countries, depending on their about exporting the interests of the US, in general that are prevalent and are country's particular interests and power, by promoting the creation of an arc of primarily victimizing the peoples of the are dividing states and spheres of military and energy cooperation that region. influence over the country's ravaged invests in the contradictions, while at the In conclusion, what is taking place territory in the absence of its very same time aiming at the exclusion of the demonstrates the following. Namely, that people. The failed imperialist Russian Federation and at the creation the only way to solve the problems is first interventions of foreign powers in Libya, of conditions for the control of the region and foremost for the mighty of the world as well as in Syria, have brought havoc, by the US and NATO. to abandon the hegemonic competitions civil war, destruction and the collapse of These are machinations that in no around what they perceive as some whatever state structures. This is also a way whatsoever promote the creation of geopolitical chessboard. Today, as reality that exposes the European bridging policies between all the states humanity must come together to tackle Union too, which remains a supporter of in the region, which unfortunately are the existential threat of climate change, these interventions without having having a negative impact on the the chessboard of contradictions must at drawn any lessons from its own prospects for a solution of the Cyprus long last be abandoned and nightmarish past. problem as well. Particularly when preconditions be created for sincere Cyprus is also part of the very same competition on energy in the region as it understanding and cooperation for the complex contradictions and competitions currently being driven by the US (and peaceful resolution of disputes, with that are developing with the powerful Israel too), together with the participation respect to the particular interests of states of the world leading the way. of Cyprus and Greece on the one hand every people within the framework of Parallel to the recent discovery of natural and Turkey's illegal reactions on the international law and for the salvation of gas deposits in the Exclusive Economic other may further complicate the already the global common home of all people Zone of the Republic of Cyprus, the difficult situation on the ground. The fact which today is in danger. n efforts of the United States to create the that the US, as a distraction to Russia- conditions for fostering their influence Turkey relations, is trying to forge an Stavri Kalopsidiotou is a member of have intensified. Unfortunately, in alliance between the US-Israel-Cyprus- the Central Committee of AKEL, the cooperation with the current government Greece is particularly dangerous for the Progressive Party of Working People of our country, the deepening of US prospects of the solution of the Cyprus of Cyprus who suffer financially and materially. PTM is committed to the principle Pashtuns will never forget the The reality of two Pakistans is that Pashtuns do not accept tragedies of terrorism and atrocities abundantly clear. The dangerous aspect undemocratic, unconstitutional rule, nor committed during Pakistan’s internal of this state policy of control and do we accept the Taliban as military operations. Our struggle subjugation of Pashtun land is that a representatives of the Pashtuns, or rulers continues for the elimination of the two Taliban operating under state control of our land. Pakistans, so that all can live with (so-called ‘good Taliban’) is PTM demands the international honour, peace and prosperity as citizens reorganising from Waziristan up to community shows solidarity with the of one Pakistan. Bunir. Targeted bomb blasts and Pashtuns. The United Nations thus far PTM plans further public protests to kidnappings have started again. has ignored the tragedy of the Pashtuns expose this invisible suffering. Repression against PTM and Pashtun over the last 15 years. Pakistanis are rising up. As Pashtun nationalist parties, while allowing Equally, progressive parties of the philosopher, poet and politician Ghani terrorists to reorganise is the left, including Marxists, have not Khan wrote, "Pashtuns are a rain-sown consequence of two Pakistans. Our responded to our plight. International wheat: they all came up on the same Pakistan is full of misery, war, terror and media organisations in the west cover day; they are all the same. But the chief violence. PTM rose up against this events in the Middle East, but never our reason why I love a Pashtun is that he discriminatory policy and we will tragedy when Pakistan bombs its own will wash his face, oil his beard, continue until this discrimination ends. people. It is time the international perfume his locks and put on his best Our demands are simple. We want peace community (including the UN) demands pair of clothes when he goes out to fight on our land. We demand the state of that Pakistan rehabilitates the Pashtun and die.” n Pakistan to stop turning our land into a people and compensates us for the factory of war. damage inflicted by the state. Manzoor Pashteen@ManzorPashteen

Liberation 11 Membership Application I/We wish to subscribe to Liberation for the year 2018 2019 AGM I enclose a cheque (payable to Liberation) which includes a IBERATION’S Annual General Meeting was held on 26 donation of October 2019 at the National Education Union’s main hall in London. A good number of representatives from British Rates are: Individuals £24/£14 unwaged: local organisations tLrade unions and international campaigning organisations heard £38 Overseas subscriptions, add £14 a welcome from Maggie Bowden, current general secretary, and Regional and National Bodies £48 or more according to size Kelvin Hopkins MP, Chair, followed by speakers on a wide Libraries Annual Subscriptions: Domestic £48/Foreign £58 range of important world issues. Name/Position Jamshid Ahmadi, Assistant General Secretary of CODIR, spoke on the complex situation in Iran and the need to halt the Organisation drive to war and for opposition to economic sanctions in the interests of diplomacy and peace. Mr Ahmadi cautioned, “The Postal Address very last thing this already hugely tense region needs are bellicose statements and warmongering regardless from which quarter!” A speech by Nawal Moussa from the Palestine Committee Post Code for Peace and Solidarity followed but, sadly, Ben Jamal from the Palestine Solidarity Campaign was unable to make it at the last Email minute. Irving Huerta presented a video on the forced disappearance of students in Mexico. Christine Blower, International Secretary of the National Education Union had been an international observer on the Bank Details for a standing order or direct debit Mexican election. She addressed the meeting before lunch and To: The Manager (name of bank) later chaired the post-lunch session, which included a speech by Mick Whelan, General Secretary of ASLEF. Both spoke Address of bank... about their participation in a Trade Union Solidarity Mission to Palestine and their observations about the reality of life for Organisation Palestinians in the occupied territories. A full analysis of the struggle against right-wing forces in Postal Address Chile was presented by Dr Francisco Dominguez, a well-known campaigner for peace and progress in Latin America. A representative of the Kurdish in London spoke on the recent Turkish invasion into North East Syria and the tragic Post Code consequences this represents for the Kurdish people in Syria and peace in the region. Account number...I would like to pay my membership Kelvin Hopkins resumed the chair for the final AGM session Waged £24/Unwaged £14 dealing with motions. Resolutions on Sudan, Iran, Cyprus and by annual standing order Kashmir were carried without opposition, and an emergency motion on the Kurdistan area of Syria was remitted to the or direct debit Central Council. This marked the final contribution to Liberation by Kelvin who has been a stalwart supporter of the and start on this payment on organisation. First elected as a Labour Member of Parliament for Luton until further notice OR I would like to pay £.... monthly payment North in 1997, in his youth, Kelvin was a semi-professional jazz to start on until further notice musician. But most of his career prior to becoming an MP was spent within the trade union movement, at the TUC, NALGO, Bank sort code Signature and Unison. Finally, Peter Talbot, Treasurer of Liberation, presented the Date annual financial report for the year up to end of September 2019. The report was approved, and it was agreed that the For bank use only: Please pay Liberation, Unity Trust Bank plc, Central Council membership and officer positions be rolled n BM1513, Birmingham, B1 2BR forward pro-tem until elections could be held in 2020. Sort code 60-83-01, Account Number 50728552

12 Liberation Yes to t he

struggl e f or

human and democr atic rights …

No to w ar!

The thr ea t o f a new war in the We also demand the immedia te Persian Gulf can only exacerba te release o f the Iranian teachers’ the dir e conditions under which leader Esmail Abdi and an end to most Iranian people live. The NEU the persecution o f Iranian educa tors supports Iranian trades unionists in and their unions by the Iranian their unequivocal r ejection o f war government. under any pr etext and in their call for an end to all sanctions.

Kevin Courtney and Dr Mary Bousted Joint General Secr etaries, Na tional Educa tion Union

N E U 1 4 6 7 / 0 8 1 9

Liberation 13 For train drivers, trade unions and the Labour Party since 1880 let’s build better railway and build a better Britain Passengers are fed up with the poor value they are being offered by Britain’s privatised train companies and want the government to do something about it. Because the privatised railway isn’t working properly the privatised train companies are ripping off the taxpayer and ripping off their passengers. Mick Whelan general secretary David Calfe president l Trade union rights are human rights l Keep industrial relations out of the courts l Support ILO Conventions 87 and 98 Peter Kavanagh regional secretary Jim Kelly regional chair

Unite London and South Eastern Region Ron Todd House 33-37 Moreland Street London WEC1V 8BB telephone 02088004281 www.unite the union.org