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Frederick the Great Before Leuthen<E>
Volume 2. From Absolutism to Napoleon, 1648-1815 Frederick II (“the Great”) on the Eve of the Battle of Leuthen (November 28 and December 3, 1757) On the eve of the battle of Leuthen, Frederick’s situation seemed desperate, and he dispatched the following message to Minister Finckenstein. It was one of several “military testaments” to his risk-embracing warfare. The dramatic address to his officers, reported in an 1802 publication, is characteristic of Frederick’s rhetoric and mentality. On December 4, 1757, Frederick attacked the Austrians and their allies at Leuthen, where his forces prevailed on the battlefield, despite his adversaries’ considerable numerical advantage. November 28, 1757 [ . ] I have issued orders to my Generals concerning all matters which must be done after the battle, whether the fortune of it be good or evil. For the rest, as concerns myself, I wish to be buried at Sans Souci, without display or pomp, and at night. I desire that my body should not lie in state, but that I should be taken there without ceremony and buried at night. As to public affairs, the first thing should be that an order should be issued to all Commanding Officers to swear allegiance to my brother. If the battle is won, my brother is nevertheless to send a messenger to France to carry the news, and at the same time, to negotiate terms of peace, with full powers. My will is to be opened, and I discharged my brother of all the money legacies in it, because the desolate condition of his finances will make it impossible for him to fulfill them. -
Russia (D) Netherlands (E) England
Also in the 500 Questions to Know by Test Day series 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Biology Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Calculus Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Chemistry Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP English Language Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP English Literature Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Environmental Science Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Human Geography Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Microeconomics/Macroeconomics Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Physics Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Psychology Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP Statistics Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP U.S. Government & Politics Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP U.S. History Questions to Know by Test Day 5 Steps to a 5: 500 AP World History Questions to Know by Test Day Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. -
Interaction and Perception in Anglo-German Armies: 1689-1815
Interaction and Perception in Anglo-German Armies: 1689-1815 Mark Wishon Ph.D. Thesis, 2011 Department of History University College London Gower Street London 1 I, Mark Wishon confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 ABSTRACT Throughout the ‘long eighteenth century’ Britain was heavily reliant upon soldiers from states within the Holy Roman Empire to augment British forces during times of war, especially in the repeated conflicts with Bourbon, Revolutionary, and Napoleonic France. The disparity in populations between these two rival powers, and the British public’s reluctance to maintain a large standing army, made this external source of manpower of crucial importance. Whereas the majority of these forces were acting in the capacity of allies, ‘auxiliary’ forces were hired as well, and from the mid-century onwards, a small but steadily increasing number of German men would serve within British regiments or distinct formations referred to as ‘Foreign Corps’. Employing or allying with these troops would result in these Anglo- German armies operating not only on the European continent but in the American Colonies, Caribbean and within the British Isles as well. Within these multinational coalitions, soldiers would encounter and interact with one another in a variety of professional and informal venues, and many participants recorded their opinions of these foreign ‘brother-soldiers’ in journals, private correspondence, or memoirs. These commentaries are an invaluable source for understanding how individual Briton’s viewed some of their most valued and consistent allies – discussions that are just as insightful as comparisons made with their French enemies. -
The Ultimate Experience
The Ultimate Experience Battlefield Revelations and the Making of Modern War Culture, 1450–2000 Yuval Noah Harari The Ultimate Experience January 18, 2008 19:52 MAC/TUE Page-i 9780230_536920_01_prexvi Also by Yuval Noah Harari RENAISSANCE MILITARY MEMOIRS: War, History and Identity, 1450–1600 SPECIAL OPERATIONS IN THE AGE OF CHIVALRY, 1100–1550 January 18, 2008 19:52 MAC/TUE Page-ii 9780230_536920_01_prexvi The Ultimate Experience Battlefield Revelations and the Making of Modern War Culture, 1450–2000 Yuval Noah Harari Department of History Hebrew University of Jerusalem January 18, 2008 19:52 MAC/TUE Page-iii 9780230_536920_01_prexvi © Yuval Noah Harari 2008 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2008 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. -
FREDERICK the GREAT and the SEVEN YEARS' WAR
;- a 1 h9 Class j) py 1 Rnnk L S ?. Epochs of Modern History EDITED BY EDWARD E. MORRIS, M.A., J. SURTEES PHILLPOTTS, B.C.L. AND C. COLBECK, M.A. FREDERICK THE GREAT and the SEVEN YEARS' WAR F. W. LONGMAN By the same Author. A POCKET DICTIONARY of the GERMAN- ENGLISH and ENGLISH -GERMAN LAN- GUAGES. Third Edition (1880). Square i8mo. Price $s. cloth. " By far the best Dictionary himself familiar with the pre- we have seen for practical use." cise nature of the aid which the Examiner. English reader or Student of German needs, has set himself " The handiest and most con- to supply it on the simplest and sort venient of dictionaries ; the most perfect plan." of book never to be away from Morning Post. the study table of a literary man." Literary Churchman. " We have not seen any Pocket Dictionary, German and Eng- " It is incapable of being sur- lish, that can bear comparison passed. ... It has evidently with this. It is remarkably been compiled by a thorough compendious, and the arrange- German scholar, who, being ment is clear." Athenaeum. r. Epochs of Modern History FREDERICK THE GREAT AND THE SEVEN YEARS' WAR. ' S111 )P BY F. W. LONGMAN BALLIOL COLLEGE, OXFORD Author of a Pocket Dictionary of the German and English Languages. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 743 and 745 Broadway. C (V\ d -0^ GRANT, FAIRES & RODGERS, Electrotyfiers &" Printers, 5a & 54 North Sixth Street, Philadelphia. ly Transfer PREFACE. Although this little book is mainly intended for school- boys, it may perhaps be read by some who will desire a fuller knowledge of Frederick the Great, and of the time in which he lived, than can be derived from its pages : for the sake of these I propose to mention a few of the best books on the subject. -
The Napoleon Series
The Napoleon Series Officers of the Anhalt Duchies who Fought in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1789-1815: Anhalt, Leopold Ludwig, Count By Daniel Clarke Leopold Ludwig Count Anhalt was born on February 28, 1729, in Kleckewitz (Raguhn- Jeßnitz), in the Principality of Anhalt-Dessau. He was the second eldest son of Wilhelm Gustav, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau and Johanne Sophie Herre. Therefore he was the brother of Albrecht (1735-1802) and Friedrich (1732-1794), and also half brother to Karl Philipp (1732-1806) and Heinrich Wilhelm (1734-1801). He married Karoline von Printzen in 1763, having one daughter, Wilhelmine Sophie Karoline. Leopold entered the service of Prussia in December 1745 during the War of Austrian Succession. He had been given the rank of Staff Captain and the position of Adjutant- General to general Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, who was his father’s father. On December 15 he was engaged in the Battle of Kesselsdorf, where his uncle defeated an army of Austrians and Saxons. Later, in April 1748, he became a Line Captain and commander of a company in the 3rd Infantry Regiment, Leopold Maximilian von Anhalt- Dessau. Then, during the early stages of the Seven Years’ Wars, he fought with his regiment at the Battle of Lobositz (Lovosice) in October 1756 and Prague in May 1757, where he was wounded three times. The severity of his wounds meant that Leopold only returned to active service in October 1759, but in the meantime he had been promoted to Major in February 1758. For Leopold, though, his first assignment when he returned turned out to be very unlucky. -
Marcus Warnke, Logistik Und Friderizianische Kriegsführung. Eine Studie Zur Verteilung, Mobilisierung Und W
2020 | 3 Marcus Warnke, Logistik und friderizianische Frühe Neuzeit – Revolution – Kriegsführung. Eine Studie zur Verteilung, Empire (1500–1815) Mobilisierung und Wirkungsmächtigkeit militärisch DOI: relevanter Ressourcen im Siebenjährigen Krieg am 10.11588/frrec.2020.3.75520 Beispiel des Jahres 1757, Berlin (Duncker & Humblot) Seite | page 1 2018, 696 S., 95 Tab., 54 farb., 8 s/w Abb. (Quellen und Forschungen zur Brandenburgischen und Preußischen Geschichte, 50), ISBN 978-3-428-15371-8, EUR 139,90. rezensiert von | compte rendu rédigé par Adam L. Storring, Göttingen Marcus Warnke’s book integrates »new military history« – the social and economic history of war – with operational military history – the study of campaigns and battles – examining the wars of King Frederick II of Prussia (reigned 1740–1786) from the perspective of military logistics. The Seven Years War (1756–1763) saw Frederick’s Prussia faced by a huge coalition: Austria, France, Russia, Sweden and the Holy Roman Empire. Warnke reveals, however, that the Prussians benefitted from a far superior logistical system, and argues that they could therefore sometimes be described as materially superior to their numerous opponents. Indeed, he emphasizes this as the crucial difference between the Seven Years War and the later German experience in the world wars of the twentieth century. Historians have long stressed the logistical limitations on eighteenth-century warfare1. Warnke, however, deploys exhaustive research – from archives in Austria, the Czech Republic, France, Poland and across Germany – to show precisely how the Austrian and Prussian and to a lesser extent the French and Imperial armies supplied themselves during the campaign of 1757. He describes how armies drew supplies both from magazines (previously- collected stores held in fortresses, towns or cities) and from the localities where they were based (either through agreed deliveries of supplies or through »foraging« by force). -
A Study of the British Army in the Closing Stages of the Seven Years War in Western Europe As Studied Through the Battle of Vellinghausen
1 Battle of Vellinghausen: Lessons Learnt? A Study of the British army in the closing stages of the Seven Years War in Western Europe as studied through the Battle of Vellinghausen Samuel James Dodson Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Masters by Research in History University of Leeds Department of History September 2019 2 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement The right of Samuel James Dodson to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by Samuel James Dodson in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 3 Abstract This is a study of the British military actions in Western Germany during the Seven Years War, investigating the army’s ability in combat and analysing its improvements through the case study of the Battle of Vellinghausen. This will provide a more concentrated scope of the conflict centred on the Western theatre, rather than the general study upon the British army in America or the academic’s attraction with the Battle of Minden. With this in mind the research will be significant as it will open up discussions on how the British army fought in the European style during the mid-eighteenth century, as well as aiming to explore whether the British army learnt from its lessons early in the war to become an efficient fighting machine. -
Holy Roman Empire
WAR & CONQUEST THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 1618-1648 1 V1V2 WAR & CONQUEST THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 1618-1648 CONTENT Historical Background Bohemian-Palatine War (1618–1623) Danish intervention (1625–1629) Swedish intervention (1630–1635) French intervention (1635 –1648) Peace of Westphalia SPECIAL RULES DEPLOYMENT Belligerents Commanders ARMY LISTS Baden Bohemia Brandenburg-Prussia Brunswick-Lüneburg Catholic League Croatia Denmark-Norway (1625-9) Denmark-Norway (1643-45) Electorate of the Palatinate (Kurpfalz) England France Hessen-Kassel Holy Roman Empire Hungarian Anti-Habsburg Rebels Hungary & Transylvania Ottoman Empire Polish-Lithuanian (1618-31) Later Polish (1632 -48) Protestant Mercenary (1618-26) Saxony Scotland Spain Sweden (1618 -29) Sweden (1630 -48) United Provinces Zaporozhian Cossacks BATTLES ORDERS OF BATTLE MISCELLANEOUS Community Manufacturers Thanks Books Many thanks to Siegfried Bajohr and the Kurpfalz Feldherren for the pictures of painted figures. You can see them and much more here: http://www.kurpfalz-feldherren.de/ Also thanks to the members of the Grimsby Wargames club for the pictures of painted figures. Homepage with a nice gallery this : http://grimsbywargamessociety.webs.com/ 2 V1V2 WAR & CONQUEST THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 1618-1648 3 V1V2 WAR & CONQUEST THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 1618-1648 The rulers of the nations neighboring the Holy Roman Empire HISTORICAL BACKGROUND also contributed to the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War: Spain was interested in the German states because it held the territories of the Spanish Netherlands on the western border of the Empire and states within Italy which were connected by land through the Spanish Road. The Dutch revolted against the Spanish domination during the 1560s, leading to a protracted war of independence that led to a truce only in 1609. -
Debating Cannae: Delbrück, Schlieffen, and the Great War Andrew Loren Jones East Tennessee State University
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2014 Debating Cannae: Delbrück, Schlieffen, and the Great War Andrew Loren Jones East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the European History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Jones, Andrew Loren, "Debating Cannae: Delbrück, Schlieffen, and the Great War" (2014). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2387. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2387 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Debating Cannae: Delbrück, Schlieffen, and the Great War ___________________________________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of History East Tennessee State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in History ________________________________________ by Andrew L. Jones May 2014 ________________________________________ Dr. Stephen G. Fritz, Chair Dr. Dinah Mayo-Bobee Dr. John M. Rankin Keywords: Nationalism, Delbrück, Schlieffen, German War Planning, Germany, Sedan, Moltke, War Enthusiasm, German Wars of Unification, World War I ABSTRACT Debating Cannae: Delbrück, Schlieffen, and the Great War by Andrew L. Jones Debating Cannae: Delbrück, Schlieffen, and the Great War provides the reader a view of the historical struggle between Alfred von Schlieffen and Hans Delbrück. They argued fiercely about the foundation of the German Empire and the use of history. -
The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers
The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers (5th, 6th, 7th, 20th) The Regimental Handbook Customs and Practices of The Regiment 8th Edition 2019 REGIMENTAL HANDBOOK CONTENTS Foreword 8 Preface to the Eighth Edition 9 CHAPTER 1 Historical Background 10 CHAPTER 2 Titles 14 Para 2.1 The Title of the Regiment 2.2 The Short Title of the Regiment 2.3-2.4 The Battalion Titles 2.5 The Company Titles 2.6 Regimental Regular Bands 2.7-2.8 The Reserves Band Titles 2.9 HQ The Queen’s Division Annex A Formation of the Regiment CHAPTER 3 The Structure of the Regiment 18 Para 3.1 The Colonel-in-Chief 3.2 The Colonel of the Regiment 3.3 The Area Colonels 3.4 The Honorary Colonels 3.5 The Regimental Council 3.6 The Regimental Council Meeting 3.7 The Regimental Sub Committees 3.8-3.9 Control and Management 3.10 Honorary Appointments 3.11 Responsibilities of Regimental Headquarters 3.12 Responsibilities of Area Headquarters North and South 3.13 Precedence of Areas CHAPTER 4 The Colours 22 Para 4.1- 4.2 Background 4.3 The Queen’s Colour 4.4 The Regimental Colour 4.5 The Presentation of Colours 4.6 The Wilhelmstahl or Drummers’ Colour Annex A Description of the Colours Appendix 1 The ‘Drummer’s or Wilhelmstahl Colour’ Historical Note Annex B Details of the Presentation of Colours 3 REGIMENTAL HANDBOOK CHAPTER 5 Battle Honours 28 Para 5.1 Background 5.2 Regimental Battle Honours 5.3 Battle Honours Borne on the Colours of the Regiment 5.4 Battle Honours Borne on Regimental Accoutrements Annex A A Brief History B Battle Honours Borne on the -
Tolkien and the Zeppelins
Journal of Tolkien Research Volume 11 Issue 1 Article 1 2020 Tolkien and the Zeppelins Seamus Hamill-Keays none, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Hamill-Keays, Seamus (2020) "Tolkien and the Zeppelins," Journal of Tolkien Research: Vol. 11 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch/vol11/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Christopher Center Library at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Tolkien Research by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Tolkien and the Zeppelins Cover Page Footnote I am immensely grateful to those who have helped in the preparation of this article: Dr Nancy Bunting for her encouragement to write it, Ruth Lacon for her extensive knowledge of RNAS airships, Ian Castle for permission to include an extract from his website, Helen Clark of East Riding Archives, Dr Rebecca Harding of the Imperial War Museum Duxford, Willis Ainley for the photograph of Roos Post Office and the many others whose diligent research listed in the references provided me with details that support this article. This article is available in Journal of Tolkien Research: https://scholar.valpo.edu/journaloftolkienresearch/vol11/iss1/ 1 Hamill-Keays: Tolkien and the Zeppelins TOLKIEN AND THE ZEPPELINS Seamus Hamill-Keays Squadron Leader, Royal Air Force (Retired) 1.Introduction The tumults in the killing fields of the Great War died away over one hundred years ago, yet the Western Front still echoes in memories in Britain and Ireland.