Audit of the African Union
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Is SACU Ready for a Monetary Union?
OCCASIONAL PAPER NO 1 4 3 Economic Diplomacy Programme A p r i l 2 0 1 3 Is SACU Ready for a Monetary Union? Hilary Patroba & Morisho Nene s ir a f f A l a n o ti a rn e nt f I o te tu sti n In rica . th Af hts Sou sig al in Glob African perspectives. About SAIIA The South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) has a long and proud record as South Africa’s premier research institute on international issues. It is an independent, non-government think-tank whose key strategic objectives are to make effective input into public policy, and to encourage wider and more informed debate on international affairs with particular emphasis on African issues and concerns. It is both a centre for research excellence and a home for stimulating public engagement. SAIIA’s occasional papers present topical, incisive analyses, offering a variety of perspectives on key policy issues in Africa and beyond. Core public policy research themes covered by SAIIA include good governance and democracy; economic policymaking; international security and peace; and new global challenges such as food security, global governance reform and the environment. Please consult our website www.saiia.org.za for further information about SAIIA’s work. A b o u t t h e e C o N o M I C D I P L o M A C Y P r o g r amm e SAIIA’s Economic Diplomacy (EDIP) Programme focuses on the position of Africa in the global economy, primarily at regional, but also at continental and multilateral levels. -
Re Joinder Submitted by the Republic of Uganda
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING ARMED ACTIVITIES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CONGO DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO v. UGANDA REJOINDER SUBMITTED BY THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA VOLUME 1 6 DECEMBER 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 : THE PERSISTENT ANOMALIES IN THE REPLY CONCERNING MATTERS OF PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE ............................................... 10 A. The Continuing Confusion Relating To Liability (Merits) And Quantum (Compensation) ...................... 10 B. Uganda Reaffirms Her Position That The Court Lacks Coinpetence To Deal With The Events In Kisangani In June 2000 ................................................ 1 1 C. The Courl:'~Finding On The Third Counter-Claim ..... 13 D. The Alleged Admissions By Uganda ........................... 15 E. The Appropriate Standard Of Proof ............................. 15 CHAPTER II: REAFFIRMATION OF UGANDA'S NECESSITY TO ACT IN SELF- DEFENCE ................................................. 2 1 A. The DRC's Admissions Regarding The Threat To Uganda's Security Posed By The ADF ........................ 27 B. The DRC's Admissions Regarding The Threat To Uganda's Security Posed By Sudan ............................. 35 C. The DRC's Admissions Regarding Her Consent To The Presetnce Of Ugandan Troops In Congolese Territory To Address The Threats To Uganda's Security.. ......................................................................4 1 D. The DRC's Failure To Establish That Uganda Intervened -
Currency Union As a Panacea for Ills in Africa: a New Institutional Framework and Theoretical Consideration
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Currency Union as a Panacea for ills in Africa: A New Institutional Framework and Theoretical Consideration Abban, Stanley Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology 11 December 2020 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105459/ MPRA Paper No. 105459, posted 25 Jan 2021 20:11 UTC 1.0 INTRODUCTION A currency union is a union to which two or more countries agree to surrender their monetary sovereignty to adopt an official currency issued by a Central Bank tasked with formulating and implementing monetary policy. Currency union came to light when there was a need for choosing a suitable exchange rate regime as an improvement on the fixed exchange rate. Comparatively, currency union is superlative to fixed exchange rate due to equalization of price through the laid down nominal convergence criteria and the introduction of a common currency to ensure greater transparency in undertaking transactions (Rose, 2000; Abban, 2020a). Currency union is touted to emanate several gains and has the potential to be disastrous based on the conditionality among member-states. Empirical studies emphasize the main advantages of currency union membership lies with the elimination of exchange rate volatility to increase savings, relaxation of policies that hinder the free movement of persons and capital to improve trade and tourism, price transparency to intensify trade, and the ability to induce greater Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to stimulate intra-trade flows (Rose, 2000; Micco et al., 2003; Aristotelous & Fountas, 2009; Rodriguez et al, 2012). The key areas that benefit from currency union membership include production, the financial market, the labour market, tourism, the private sector, the political environment among others (Karlinger, 2002; Martinez et al, 2018; Formaro, 2020). -
International Criminal Justice in Africa, 2016
International Criminal Justice in Africa, 2016 HJ van der Merwe Gerhard Kemp (eds) Strathmore University Press is the publisher of Strathmore University, Nairobi. INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN AFRICA, 2016 Copyright © Konrad Adenauer Stiftung ISBN 978-9966-021-17-5 Year of publication 2017 Cover design and Layout by John Agutu Email: [email protected] Printed by Colourprint Ltd., P.O. Box 44466 – 00100 GPO Nairobi CONTENTS List of editors and authors ............................................................................... v Abbreviations .................................................................................................. vii List of Cases .................................................................................................... xi List of Legal Instruments ................................................................................ xxi Preface ............................................................................................................. xxxiii Introduction ..................................................................................................... xxxv Annual Report 2016 .............................................................................. xli HJ van der Merwe Introduction ..................................................................................................... xlix Rapport Annuel 2016 ............................................................................ lvi HJ van der Merwe 1. The Present and Future of Universal Jurisdiction in Africa: Lessons -
Ecowas Common Currency: How Prepared Are Its Members?
ECOWAS COMMON CURRENCY: HOW PREPARED ARE ITS MEMBERS? Sagiru Mati Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of the Near East University (Cyprus) Irfan Civcir Faculty of Political Science of the Ankara University (Turkey) Corresponding author: [email protected] Hüseyin Ozdeser Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of the Near East University (Cyprus) Received October 13, 2018. Accepted February 7, 2019. ABSTRACT This study operationalizes the Optimum Currency Area (oca) to investigate the preparedness of Economic Community of West African States (ecowas) members to form a Monetary Union (mu). Inflation and output models are estimated, with the sample 1988:01 to 2017:12 for the former and 1967 to 2016 for the latter. Analyses of ecowas convergence criteria, impulse responses, variance de- compositions and correlations of shocks of these two models, reveal that the shocks across the ecowas members are asymmetric. The conclusion is that ecowas members as a whole are not well-prepared and therefore a full-fledged pan-ecowas mu is not advisable. It is also found that members of the European Monetary Union (emu) tend to be a better fit for oca than the ecowas members. The study recommends various courses of action such as fostering coordination among Central Banks of ecowas members, and providing a fund to serve as an incentive for countries that may incur cost rather than benefit if the single currency is created. Key words: Optimal Currency Area, ecowas, emu, structural var, Blanchard-Quah decomposition. jel Classification: C13, E31, E52, E58, F33, F42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2019.308.69625 © 2019 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía. -
1 the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project DAVID HAMILTON SHINN Interviewed
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project DAVID HAMILTON SHINN Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: July 5, 2002 Copyright 2004 A ST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born and raised in akima, Washington George Washington University Entered Foreign Service - 1964 American Foreign Service Association [AFSA, Beirut, -e.anon - Rotation Officer 1964-1966 0onsular 1ork Environment State Department - FS2 - S1ahili -anguage Training 1966-1963 Nairo.i, 5enya - Political Officer 1963-1968 Seychelles U.S. naval visits 85ikuyu domination9 Environment British Ethnicities North1estern University - African Studies 1968-1969 State Department - East African Affairs 1969-1931 Ethiopia Eritrea State Department - East African Affairs - Tan:ania-Uganda Desk Officer 1931-1932 American assassinated Dar es Salaam, Tan:ania - Political Officer 1932-1934 Relations 1 Economy 0hinese Nouakchott, Mauritania - D0M 1934-1936 Polisario French Environment Seattle, Washington - Pearson Program 1936-19?? Municipal policy planning State Department - State and Municipal Governments -iaison 19??-1981 aounde, 0ameroon - D0M 1981-1983 0had border N?Djamena, 0had - TD - 0harge d?affaires 198? President Ha.re Security Mala.o, Equatorial Guinea aounde, 0ameroon Acontinued) 1981-1983 Am.assador Hume Horan Anglo vs. French relations 5hartoum, Sudan - D0M 1983-1986 USA2D Relations Nimeiri Southern Sudan Neigh.or policies Falasha transit 0oup U.S. interests British Security State Department - Senior Seminar 1986-1983 -
Why Is the African Economic Community Important? Mr
House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations Hearing on “Will there be an African Economic Community?” January 9, 2014 Amadou Sy, Senior Fellow, Africa Growth Initiative, the Brookings Institution Chairman Smith, Ranking Member Bass, and Members of the Subcommittee, I would like to take this opportunity to thank you for convening this important hearing to discuss Africa’s progress towards establishing an economic community. I appreciate the invitation to share my views on behalf of the Africa Growth Initiative at the Brookings Institution. The Africa Growth Initiative at the Brookings Institution delivers high-quality research on issues of economic growth and development from an African perspective to better inform policy research. I have recently joined AGI from the International Monetary Fund’s where I led or participated in a number of missions to Africa over the past 15 years. Why is the African Economic Community Important? Mr. Chairman, before we start answering the main question, “Will there be an Africa Economic Community?” it is important to look at the reasons why a regionally integrated Africa is beneficial to African nations as well as the United States. In spite of its remarkable economic performance over the past decade, Africa needs to grow faster in order to transform its economy and create the resources needed to reduce poverty. Over the past 10 years, sub-Saharan Africa’s real GDP grew by 5.6 percent per year, a much faster rate than the world economy, which grew by 3.2 percent. At this rate of 5.6 percent, the region should double the size of its economy in about 13 years. -
Open the Doors!
OPEN THE DOORS! Towards Complete Freedom of Movement for Human Rights Defenders in Exile in Uganda Open the Doors! Towards complete freedom of movement for human rights defenders in exile in Uganda Published December 2020 DefendDefenders (East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Project) Human Rights House | Plot 1853 | John Kiyingi Road Nsambya | P.O. Box 70356 | Kampala | Uganda | Phone: +256 393 265 820 | +256 393 265 821 Email: [email protected] | [email protected] Web: www.defenddefenders.org The publication is available online in PDF format at www.defenddefenders.org/reports/ Report by Nastassja White, with contributions from Nicolas Agostini, Memory Bandera, Joseph Bikanda, Francesca Grandolfo, Janvier Hakizimana, Estella Kabachwezi, Tabitha Netuwa, Leon Nsi- ku, and Hassan Shire. Cover Photo by Peter Goselow. Attribution should be made to DefendDefenders (East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defend- ers Project). This report is distributed at no charge. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. You are free to share, copy, distribute, and transmit the work under the following conditions: • Attribution: you must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in a way that suggests they endorse you or your use of the work); • Non-Commercial: you may not use this work for commercial purposes; • No Derivatives: you may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Open the Doors! Towards complete freedom of movement for human rights -
The Benefits and Costs of Monetary Union in Southern Africa: a Critical Survey of the Literature
BANK OF GREECE EUROSYSTEM Working Paper The benefits and costs of monetary union in Southern Africa: a critical survey of the literature George S. Tavlas 70 APRIL 2008WORKINKPAPERWORKINKPAPERWORKINKPAPERWORKINKPAPERWORKINKPAPER BANK OF GREECE Economic Research Department – Special Studies Division 21, Ε. Venizelos Avenue GR-102 50 Αthens Τel: +30210-320 3610 Fax: +30210-320 2432 www.bankofgreece.gr Printed in Athens, Greece at the Bank of Greece Printing Works. All rights reserved. Reproduction for educational and non-commercial purposes is permitted provided that the source is acknowledged. ISSN 1109-6691 THE BENEFITS AND COSTS OF MONETARY UNION IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: A CRITICAL SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE George S. Tavlas Bank of Greece ABSTRACT With the 14 members of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) having set the objective of adopting a common currency for the year 2018, an expanding empirical literature has emerged evaluating the benefits and costs of a common-currency area in Southern Africa. This paper reviews that literature, focusing on two categories of studies: (1) those that assume that a country’s characteristics are invariant to the adoption of a common currency; and, (2) those that assume that a monetary union alters an economy’s structure, resulting in trade creation and credibility gains. The literature review suggests that a relative-small group of countries, typically including South Africa, satisfies the criteria necessary for monetary unification. The literature also suggests that, in a monetary union comprised of all SADC countries and a regional central bank that sets monetary policy to reflect the average economic conditions (e.g., fiscal balances) in the region, the potential losses (i.e., higher inflation) from giving up an existing credible national central bank, a relevant consideration for South Africa, could outweigh any potential benefits of trade creation resulting from a common currency. -
Lobbying of Canadian Diplomats (2010) of It,” She Says
Canada’s Strategic Resources: Getting the ‘net benefit’ test right—Pages 11-18 EMBASSYCANADA’S FOREIGN POLICY NEWSWEEKLY OTTAWA, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12, 2011 ISSUE 336 • $3.00 A year later, Haiti remains a riddle wrapped HAITI in an enigma FINDING A WAY Anca Gurzu pages 8-9 early three months after a mas- Nsive earthquake left parts of Haiti in complete devastation, Foreign Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon stood in front of hundreds of interna- tional delegates at the United Nations in New York speaking about a long- term vision. “While today’s conference is a land- mark event in Haiti’s reconstruction, it LOBBYING should by no means be interpreted as GARY DOER TOP TARGET the end of a process,” he said on March 31. “It is one of the first milestones on page 3 a long road upon which we have just embarked, and Canada is ready to stand by Haiti’s side as long as required.” At the time, with the Afghanistan mission set to wrap up in 2011, many IVORY COAST ‘DE-RECOGNITION’ had expected, if not outright encour- PHOTO: SAM GARCIA aged, the government to make Haiti CATCHES AFRICANS Canada’s next top foreign policy pri- UNAWARES ority. There were many reasons to EMBASSY do so, including geographic proxim- A new hand or chairs on the deck of the Titanic? Prime Minister Stephen Harper started the year off with a mini-Cabinet page 5 shuffle that saw Peter Kent become Canada’s new environment minister and Diane Ablonczy take over as minister of state for ity, the large number of Haitians in the Americas. -
Guide to Material at the LBJ Library Pertaining to Africa
LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON L I B R A R Y & M U S E U M www.lbjlibrary.org Revised December 2009 MATERIAL AT THE JOHNSON LIBRARY PERTAINING TO AFRICA [Note: The following related guides are also available: the Middle East; and Foreign Aid, Food for Peace and Third World Economic Development -- Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The United Arab Republic is not included in this guide. Anyone interested in the U.A.R. should consult the guide on the Middle East.] INTRODUCTION This guide lists the principal files at the Johnson Library that contain material on Africa, but it is not exhaustive. While most of the collections listed in the guide have been processed and are available for research, some files may not yet be available. Researchers should consult the Library’s finding aids to locate additional material and to determine whether specific files are available for research. Some of the finding aids are on the Library’s web site, www.lbjlib.utexas.edu, and others can be sent by mail or electronically. Researchers interested in Africa should also consult the Foreign Relations of the United States. This multi-volume series published by the Office of the Historian of the Department of State presents the official documentary historical record of major foreign policy decisions and diplomatic activity of the United States government. The volumes are available online at the Department of State web site which may be accessed at the “Related Links” button, under the “Research” button on the Johnson Library web site, www.lbjlib.utexas.edu. NATIONAL SECURITY FILE This file was the working file of President Johnson's special assistants for national security affairs, McGeorge Bundy and Walt W. -
DECISIONS Page I
AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, Ethiopia P. O. Box 3243 Telephone: 5517 700 Fax: 5517844 Website: www.au.int EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Twenty-Seventh Ordinary Session 7 – 12 June 2015 Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA EX.CL/Dec.873-897(XXVII) DECISIONS Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr. No. of No. DECISION NO. TITLE Pages 1 EX.CL/Dec.873(XXVII) Decision on the Budget of the African Union for the 2016 Financial Year – 2 Doc. EX.CL/898(XXVII) 2 EX.CL/Dec.874XXVII) Decision on the Draft Matrix of Modalities for Implementation of the Conclusions of the 4th 1 Joint Retreat of the AUC and the PRC in Hawassa, Ethiopia - Doc. EX.CL/897(XXVII 3 EX.CL/Dec.875XXVII) Decision on the Report on the First Phase of the 8th Pan African Congress - Doc. EX.CL/903(XXVII) 1 4 EX.CL/Dec.876XXVII) Decision on the Specialized Technical Committees 5 5 EX.CL/Dec.877(XXVII) Decision on the Reports of the PRC Sub- 9 Committees 6 EX.CL/Dec.878(XXVII) Decision on the Report of the Commission on The Implementation of Previous Decisions of the 1 Executive Council and the Assembly Doc. EX.CL/901(XXVII) 7 EX.CL/Dec.879(XXVII) Decision on the Report on the International Conference on Illegal Exploitation and Illegal 1 Trade in Wild Flora and Fauna in Africa - Doc. EX.CL/910(XXVII) 8 EX.CL/Dec.880(XXVII) Decision on the Progress Report on ASEOWA Doc. EX.CL/911(XXVII) 1 9 EX.CL/Dec.881(XXVII) Decision on the Progress Report of the Commission on the Establishment of the African 1 Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Doc.