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UNU-CRIS Working Papers
UNU-CRIS Working Papers W-2007/6 MICRO -REGIONALISM IN AFRICA : Competing Region-building in the Maputo Development Corridor Fredrik Söderbaum * Ian Taylor ** *Fredrik Söderbaum divides his time as Associate Professor in Peace and Development Research, as Director of the Centre for African Studies at the School of Global Studies at Göteborg University, and as an Associate Research Fellow at UNU-CRIS. He is primarily published on the topic of regionalism, most recently The EU as a Global Player: The Politics of Interregionalism (co-edited with Luk van Langenhove, Routledge, 2006). ** Ian Taylor is Senior Lecturer in the School of International Relations, University of St. Andrews; Associate Professor Extraordinary in the Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa; and Visiting Lecturer, Faculty of Development Studies, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda. He is widely published on African politics and international relations, most recently China and Africa: Engagement and Compromise (Routledge, 2006) and NEPAD: Towards Africa’s Development or Another False Start? (Lynne Rienner, 2005). Micro-regionalism in Africa: Competing Region-building in the Maputo Development Corridor * Fredrik Söderbaum and Ian Taylor 1. Introduction Regionalist processes are occurring all over the world, not least the formation of micro-regions which, although obviously not a new occurrence, are more and more cross-border in nature rather than being contained within the boundaries of a particular nation-state (the standard conception of a micro-region). 1 The African continent has not missed out on the growth in the number of such micro-regions which are currently reconfiguring the world (Breslin and Hook, 2002; Perkmann and Sum, 2002), but the problem is that such micro-regions have received rather muted attention. -
A Safety Net for Africa: Towards an African Monetary Fund?
Robert Triffin International A watch on the international financial and monetary system A SAFETY NET FOR AFRICA: TOWARDS AN AFRICAN MONETARY FUND? Dominique De Rambures, Alfonso Iozzo, Annamaria Viterbo After the Second World War, the establishment of the United Nations was completed, in the financial area, with those of the IMF for financing the balances of payments, and the World Bank for financing infrastructure and investment projects. The European Union has created the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) for financing the member States who are dealing with payment problems, which can be compared to the IMF, and the EIB for financing the investment project which can be compared to the World Bank. China numerous entities for financing investments, such as the China Development Bank, Export-Import Bank, and many funds and development banks dedicated to a specific purpose such as the ABII (Asia Bank for Infrastructures and Investments) to support the OBOR policy (One Belt One Road, i.e. the New Silk Roads). Beyond their aim of financing investments, China uses these financial organizations and others such as the sovereign fund, China Investment Corp., and the state banks, for buying government bonds to countries such as Greece and Portugal during the 2008 crisis, that are dealing with payment problems. The African Development Bank grants loans to finance infrastructure and investment projects, but Africa has no financial institution such as the IMF or the ESM. Why should Africa build up a financial institution of this kind while the Africain countries have so far called upon the IMF for their financial needs? - the IMF does initiate a financial package but does not provide the whole amount of funds needed. -
Institutionalising Pan-Africanism Transforming African Union Values and Principles Into Policy and Practice Tim Murithi
Institutionalising Pan-Africanism Transforming African Union values and principles into policy and practice Tim Murithi ISS Paper 143 • June 2007 Price: R15.00 Introduction translated into protocols, treaties and institutions. The discussion concludes with policy recommendations. The African Union has emerged as a home-grown initiative by which the African people will be able to Defining Pan-Africanism effectively take the destiny of their continent into their own hands. In this paper the creation of the AU as the The general assumption is that the process of continental institutionalisation of the ideals of Pan-Africanism will integration began with an extraordinary summit of be assessed. The underlying purpose of the creation the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) which was of the AU is to promote solidarity, cooperation and convened in Sirte, Libya, in 1999. But in fact the support among African countries and peoples so as to process began with the Pan-African movement and address the catalogue of problems they face. its demand for greater solidarity among the peoples of Africa. Therefore an understanding of the emergence Some observers and commentators of the AU should start with the evolution question whether the AU is a valid of the Pan-African movement. A review undertaking at this time, or whether it of the objectives and aspirations of Pan- is just another ambitious campaign by An understanding Africanism provides a foundation for self-seeking leaders to distract attention a critical assessment of the creation of from other, more pressing problems of the emergence the AU and its prospects for promoting on the continent. -
Is SACU Ready for a Monetary Union?
OCCASIONAL PAPER NO 1 4 3 Economic Diplomacy Programme A p r i l 2 0 1 3 Is SACU Ready for a Monetary Union? Hilary Patroba & Morisho Nene s ir a f f A l a n o ti a rn e nt f I o te tu sti n In rica . th Af hts Sou sig al in Glob African perspectives. About SAIIA The South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) has a long and proud record as South Africa’s premier research institute on international issues. It is an independent, non-government think-tank whose key strategic objectives are to make effective input into public policy, and to encourage wider and more informed debate on international affairs with particular emphasis on African issues and concerns. It is both a centre for research excellence and a home for stimulating public engagement. SAIIA’s occasional papers present topical, incisive analyses, offering a variety of perspectives on key policy issues in Africa and beyond. Core public policy research themes covered by SAIIA include good governance and democracy; economic policymaking; international security and peace; and new global challenges such as food security, global governance reform and the environment. Please consult our website www.saiia.org.za for further information about SAIIA’s work. A b o u t t h e e C o N o M I C D I P L o M A C Y P r o g r amm e SAIIA’s Economic Diplomacy (EDIP) Programme focuses on the position of Africa in the global economy, primarily at regional, but also at continental and multilateral levels. -
The Routledge Handbook of African Development the African Idea Of
This article was downloaded by: 10.3.98.104 On: 03 Oct 2021 Access details: subscription number Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG, UK The Routledge Handbook of African Development Tony Binns, Kenneth Lynch, Etienne Nel The African idea of development Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315712482-3 Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni Published online on: 18 Apr 2018 How to cite :- Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni. 18 Apr 2018, The African idea of development from: The Routledge Handbook of African Development Routledge Accessed on: 03 Oct 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315712482-3 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR DOCUMENT Full terms and conditions of use: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/legal-notices/terms This Document PDF may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The publisher shall not be liable for an loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. 3 The African idea of development Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni Introduction African development can be defined from Marcus Garvey’s perspective as constant and consist- ent African search for self-improvement. -
Currency Union As a Panacea for Ills in Africa: a New Institutional Framework and Theoretical Consideration
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Currency Union as a Panacea for ills in Africa: A New Institutional Framework and Theoretical Consideration Abban, Stanley Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology 11 December 2020 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105459/ MPRA Paper No. 105459, posted 25 Jan 2021 20:11 UTC 1.0 INTRODUCTION A currency union is a union to which two or more countries agree to surrender their monetary sovereignty to adopt an official currency issued by a Central Bank tasked with formulating and implementing monetary policy. Currency union came to light when there was a need for choosing a suitable exchange rate regime as an improvement on the fixed exchange rate. Comparatively, currency union is superlative to fixed exchange rate due to equalization of price through the laid down nominal convergence criteria and the introduction of a common currency to ensure greater transparency in undertaking transactions (Rose, 2000; Abban, 2020a). Currency union is touted to emanate several gains and has the potential to be disastrous based on the conditionality among member-states. Empirical studies emphasize the main advantages of currency union membership lies with the elimination of exchange rate volatility to increase savings, relaxation of policies that hinder the free movement of persons and capital to improve trade and tourism, price transparency to intensify trade, and the ability to induce greater Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to stimulate intra-trade flows (Rose, 2000; Micco et al., 2003; Aristotelous & Fountas, 2009; Rodriguez et al, 2012). The key areas that benefit from currency union membership include production, the financial market, the labour market, tourism, the private sector, the political environment among others (Karlinger, 2002; Martinez et al, 2018; Formaro, 2020). -
Legal Instruments – Adopted in Malabo – July 2014
AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone: 517 700 Fax: 5130 36 website: www. www.au.int EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Twenty-Fifth Ordinary Session 20 - 24 June 2014 Malabo, EQUATORIAL GUINEA EX.CL/846(XXV) Original: English THE REPORT, THE DRAFT LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE AND LEGAL AFFAIRS EX.CL/846(XXV) Page 1 THE REPORT, THE DRAFT LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE AND LEGAL AFFAIRS 1. The First Meeting of the Specialised Technical Committee (STC) on Justice and Legal Affairs (former Conference of Ministers of Justice/Attorneys or Keepers of the Seal from Member States but now including Ministers responsible for issues such as human rights, constitutionalism and rule of law) was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 6 to 14 May 2014 (Experts) and 15-16 May 2014 (Ministers). 2. The First Ministerial Session of the STC was attended by thirty eight (38) Member States, two (2) AU Organs and one (1) Regional Economic Community (REC). 3. The purpose of the meeting was to finalize seven (7) Draft Legal Instruments prior to their submission to and adoption by the Policy Organs. 4. Consequently, the STC considered the following Draft Legal Instruments: a) Draft African Union Convention on Cross-border Cooperation (Niamey Convention); b) Draft African Charter on the Values and Principles of Decentralization, Local Governance and Local Development; c) Draft Protocol and Statute on the Establishment of the African Monetary Fund; d) Draft African Union Convention on Cyber-Security and Protection of Personal Data; e) Draft Protocol on Amendments to the Protocol on the Statute of the African Court of Justice and Human Rights; f) Draft Protocol to the Constitutive Act of the African Union on the Pan- African Parliament; and g) Draft Rules of Procedure of the Specialized Technical Committee (STC) on Justice and Legal Affairs. -
THE AFRICAN UNION: Forward March Or About Face-Turn?
THE AFRICAN UNION: Forward March or About Face-Turn? Amadu Sesay Claude Ake Memorial Papers No. 3 Department of Peace and Conflict Research Uppsala University & Nordic Africa Institute Uppsala 1 © 2008 Amadu Sesay, DPCR, NAI ISSN 1654-7489 ISBN 978-91-506-1990-4 Printed in Sweden by Universitetstryckeriet, Uppsala 2008 Distributed by the Department of Peace and Conflict Research (DPCR), Uppsala University & the Nordic Africa Institute (NAI), Uppsala Phone (DPCR) +46 18 471 76 52; (NAI) +46 18 56 22 00 Fax (DPCR) +46 18 69 51 02; (NAI) +46 18 56 22 90 E-mail (DPCR) [email protected]; (NAI) [email protected] www.pcr.uu.se; www.nai.uu.se 2 The Claude Ake Visiting Chair A Claude Ake Visiting Chair was set up in 2003 at the Department of Peace and Conflict Research (DPCR), Uppsala University, in collaboration with the Nordic Africa Institute (NAI), also in Uppsala. Funding was provided from the Swedish Government, through the Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs. The Chair was established to honour the memory of Professor Claude Ake, distinguished scholar, philosopher, teacher, activist and human- ist, tragically killed in a plane crash near Lagos, Nigeria, in 1996. The holders of the Claude Ake Visiting Chair give, at the end of their stay in Uppsala, a public lecture, entitled the ‘Claude Ake Memorial Lecture.’ While the title, thematic and content of the lecture is up to the holder, the assumption is that the topic of the lecture shall, in a general sense, relate the work of the holder to the work of Claude Ake, for example in terms of themes or issues covered, or in terms of theoretical or normative points of departure. -
Submission to the University of Baltimore School of Law‟S Center on Applied Feminism for Its Fourth Annual Feminist Legal Theory Conference
Submission to the University of Baltimore School of Law‟s Center on Applied Feminism for its Fourth Annual Feminist Legal Theory Conference. “Applying Feminism Globally.” Feminism from an African and Matriarchal Culture Perspective How Ancient Africa’s Gender Sensitive Laws and Institutions Can Inform Modern Africa and the World Fatou Kiné CAMARA, PhD Associate Professor of Law, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques et Politiques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, SENEGAL “The German experience should be regarded as a lesson. Initially, after the codification of German law in 1900, academic lectures were still based on a study of private law with reference to Roman law, the Pandectists and Germanic law as the basis for comparison. Since 1918, education in law focused only on national law while the legal-historical and comparative possibilities that were available to adapt the law were largely ignored. Students were unable to critically analyse the law or to resist the German socialist-nationalism system. They had no value system against which their own legal system could be tested.” Du Plessis W. 1 Paper Abstract What explains that in patriarchal societies it is the father who passes on his name to his child while in matriarchal societies the child bears the surname of his mother? The biological reality is the same in both cases: it is the woman who bears the child and gives birth to it. Thus the answer does not lie in biological differences but in cultural ones. So far in feminist literature the analysis relies on a patriarchal background. Not many attempts have been made to consider the way gender has been used in matriarchal societies. -
Ecowas Common Currency: How Prepared Are Its Members?
ECOWAS COMMON CURRENCY: HOW PREPARED ARE ITS MEMBERS? Sagiru Mati Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of the Near East University (Cyprus) Irfan Civcir Faculty of Political Science of the Ankara University (Turkey) Corresponding author: [email protected] Hüseyin Ozdeser Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of the Near East University (Cyprus) Received October 13, 2018. Accepted February 7, 2019. ABSTRACT This study operationalizes the Optimum Currency Area (oca) to investigate the preparedness of Economic Community of West African States (ecowas) members to form a Monetary Union (mu). Inflation and output models are estimated, with the sample 1988:01 to 2017:12 for the former and 1967 to 2016 for the latter. Analyses of ecowas convergence criteria, impulse responses, variance de- compositions and correlations of shocks of these two models, reveal that the shocks across the ecowas members are asymmetric. The conclusion is that ecowas members as a whole are not well-prepared and therefore a full-fledged pan-ecowas mu is not advisable. It is also found that members of the European Monetary Union (emu) tend to be a better fit for oca than the ecowas members. The study recommends various courses of action such as fostering coordination among Central Banks of ecowas members, and providing a fund to serve as an incentive for countries that may incur cost rather than benefit if the single currency is created. Key words: Optimal Currency Area, ecowas, emu, structural var, Blanchard-Quah decomposition. jel Classification: C13, E31, E52, E58, F33, F42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2019.308.69625 © 2019 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía. -
Proceedings of the First Joint Annual Meetings
Economic Commission for Africa African Union Commission Proceedings of the First Joint Annual Meetings African Union Conference of Ministers of Economy and Finance and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning and Economic Development 2008 AFRICAN UNION UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA Forty-first session of the Economic Commission for Africa Third session of CAMEF 31 March – 2 April 2008 • First Joint Annual Meetings of the African Union Conference of Ministers of Economy and Finance and the Economic Commission for Africa Distr.: General Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning E/ECA/CM/41/4 and Economic Development AU/CAMEF/MIN/Rpt(III) Date: 10 April 2008 • Commemoration of ECA’s 50th Anniversary Original: English Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Proceedings of the First Joint Annual Meetings of the African Union Conference of Ministers of Economy and Finance and the Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning and Economic Development of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Proceedings of the First Joint Annual Meetings Contents A. Attendance 1 B. Opening of the Conference and Presidential Reflections 2 C. Election of the Bureau 7 D. High-level thematic debate 7 E. Adoption of the agenda and programme of work 11 F. Account of Proceedings 11 Annex I: A. Resolutions adopted by the Joint Conference 20 B. Ministerial Statement adopted by the Joint Conference 27 C. Solemn Declaration on the 50th Anniversary of the Economic Commission for Africa 33 Annex II: Report of the Committee of Experts of the First Joint Meeting of the AU Conference of Ministers of Economy and Finance and ECA Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning and Economic Development 35 E/ECA/CM/41/4 iii AU/CAMEF/MIN/Rpt(III) Proceedings of the First Joint Annual Meetings A. -
Why Is the African Economic Community Important? Mr
House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations Hearing on “Will there be an African Economic Community?” January 9, 2014 Amadou Sy, Senior Fellow, Africa Growth Initiative, the Brookings Institution Chairman Smith, Ranking Member Bass, and Members of the Subcommittee, I would like to take this opportunity to thank you for convening this important hearing to discuss Africa’s progress towards establishing an economic community. I appreciate the invitation to share my views on behalf of the Africa Growth Initiative at the Brookings Institution. The Africa Growth Initiative at the Brookings Institution delivers high-quality research on issues of economic growth and development from an African perspective to better inform policy research. I have recently joined AGI from the International Monetary Fund’s where I led or participated in a number of missions to Africa over the past 15 years. Why is the African Economic Community Important? Mr. Chairman, before we start answering the main question, “Will there be an Africa Economic Community?” it is important to look at the reasons why a regionally integrated Africa is beneficial to African nations as well as the United States. In spite of its remarkable economic performance over the past decade, Africa needs to grow faster in order to transform its economy and create the resources needed to reduce poverty. Over the past 10 years, sub-Saharan Africa’s real GDP grew by 5.6 percent per year, a much faster rate than the world economy, which grew by 3.2 percent. At this rate of 5.6 percent, the region should double the size of its economy in about 13 years.