Report on the Community Based Heritage Study of the Young Shire October 2008

Soldier Settler orchard at Maimaru

Prepared by:

116 Hassans Walls Road Lithgow NSW 2790 Contents

1. Introduction 4 1.1 Background to the study 4 1.2 The study area 4 1.3 The study process 5 1.4 Authorship 6 1.5 Study limitations 6 1.6 Acknowledgements 7

2. The Community-Based Heritage Study 8 2.1 Study outline 8 2.2 SHI data format 8 2.3 Heritage Study Working Party 9 2.4 Existing heritage items 9 2.5 Aboriginal heritage 9 2.6 Levels of significance 10 2.7 Inventory of nominated items 10

3. Historic Themes Analysis 18 3.1 Introduction 18 3.2 Gap analysis using historic themes 18 3.3 Correlations 18 3.4 Thematic usages 19 3.5 Table showing correlation of National, State and Local Themes 19

4. Characteristics of Young Shire cultural heritage sites 29 4.1 Shire wide characteristics 29 4.2 Heritage resources 29 4.2.1 Alluvial gold mining landscapes 30 4.2.2 Homesteads and woolsheds 30 4.2.3 Young central business district 31 4.2.4 Cemeteries and isolated graves 31 4.2.5 Farming landscapes 32 4.2.6 Engineering and industrial heritage 32 4.3 Statement of significance 33

5. The Heritage System 36 5.1 The Heritage Act 36 5.2 Heritage Branch, Department of Planning 36 5.3 Heritage Branch website 36 5.4 The Burra Charter 36 5.5 Young Shire Local Environmental Plans 37 5.6 General questions on the listing of heritage places 39 5.7 Statutory heritage listings 40 5.7.1 Local LEP listing 40 5.7.2 State Government Agency listing 41 5.7.3 State Heritage Register listing 41 5.8 Non-statutory listing 41 5.8.1 The Register of the National Estate 41 5.8.2 National Trust Register 42 5.8.3 National Parks listings 43 5.8.4 Special interest listings 43 5.9 A New Young Shire LEP 43 5.10 Discussion on new LEP Heritage Schedule listings 43 5.11 Items to be recorded only 43 5.12 Proposed LEP Heritage Schedule 44 5.13 Recommendations for State Heritage Register listings 66 5.14 General management recommendations 67 5.15 Notification to owners 67

Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 6. Proposed Conservation Zone 68

7. Proposed Management Strategies 70 7.1 Development Control Plans 70 7.2 Consultation with owners 70 7.3 Site specific management recommendations 70 7.4 Management Plans 71 7.5 Interim Management Plans 71 7.6 Heritage Adviser 72 7.7 Mapping location and Curtilage 72 7.8 Access to heritage items 72 7.9 Recording 72 7.10 Archaeological management plan 73

8. Glossary of abbreviations 73

9. Definitions 73

10. References 74

Appendices

Appendix A Young Draft LEP Heritage Schedule Appendix B Young Conservation Zone – list of contributory items

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 3 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 1. Introduction

1.1 Background to the study The Young Shire Council is developing a new Local Environmental Plan in accordance with NSW Department of Planning guidelines. As part of this process a Community-Based Heritage Study was commissioned by Young Shire Council. Following receipt of expressions of interest Ray Christison of High Ground Consulting was engaged to co-ordinate the Heritage Study and prepare a Thematic History.

The study was commenced in November 2006. The initial timeframe of two years was reduced in late 2007 to 21 months with completion required by the end of August 2008.

This study was undertaken in accordance with Heritage Branch, Department of Planning Guidelines for Community-Based Heritage Studies. In accordance with these guidelines the general aims of the study were to:

• Prepare a history of the Young Shire using the NSW historic themes, • Work with the community to identify places and items of significance in the story of Young Shire, • Describe these heritage items and assess their condition, • Prepare summary inventory sheets for each heritage item, including a statement of significance, • Prepare a study report, including recommendations for management and promotion of the heritage of Young Shire.

1.2 The study area The study area covers the Young Shire. This includes Town of Young, the villages of Bendick Murrell, Bribbaree, Koorawatha, Milvale, Monteagle, Murringo and localities of Crowther, Kingsvale, Maimaru, Thuddungra, Wambanumba and Wirrimah.

Young Shire covers an area on the Southwest Slopes of New South Wales leading westward and southward into the Riverina. This is part of the South Western Slopes Bio-Region which extends from Cowra into Western Victoria1. The topography of this region has been described as follows:

The South Western Slopes Bioregion is a large area of foothills and ranges comprising the western fall of the Great Dividing Range to the edge of the Riverina Bioregion. A very wide range of rock types is found across the bioregion, which is also affected by topographic and rainfall gradients that decrease toward the west. These physical differences have an impact on the nature of the soils and vegetation found across the bioregion. Inland streams pass across the slopes in confined valleys with terraces and local areas of sedimentation. Geology, soils and vegetation are complex and diverse but typified by granites and meta-sediments, texture contrast soils and a variety

1 The South Western Slopes Bio-Region. [Online] p.119 Ray Christison 24 November 2008 4 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 of eucalypt woodlands …2

This landscape features ‘shallow, stony soils’ on the tops of ridges and hills with soils lower down consisting of materials eroded from former mountains. Alluvial sands and loams are common with clays increasing towards the Riverine plains of the west.3

Native plant communities in this region consist of the following:

In the higher rainfall eastern hill country, woodlands and open woodlands of white box (Eucalyptus albens) are dominant. To the west and north these give way to vegetation communities dominated by grey box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) and white cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla). Other tree species characteristic of the bioregion include red stringybark (Eucalyptus macrorhynca) on higher slopes, with black cypress pine (Callitris endlicheri), kurrajong (Brachychiton populneum), red ironbark (Eucalyptus sideroxylon), white gum (Eucalyptus rossi), yellow box (Eucalyptus melliodora) and Blakely’s red gum (Eucalyptus blakelyi) occupying the lower slopes. Valley flats are dominated by rough-barked apple (Angophora floribunda), with river oak (Casuarina cunninghammia) found along eastern streams and river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) lining the larger central and western streams.4

Remnant areas of Grassy Box Woodland, such as Monteagle General Cemetery and Koorawatha General Cemetery have been set aside to conserve important aspects of the plant and bird diversity of the region.

European occupation of the area has been characterised by extensive pastoral activity, including wool growing and beef cattle raising, and agriculture such as wheat growing. The soils and climate of the area around Young have hosted the development of a famous and diverse stone fruit industry that has been active since the late 19th century. Young is also famous for the alluvial gold rush that occurred along Burrangong Creek and its tributaries in the 1860s with alluvial mining continuing until the early 20th century. The gold rush was characterised by a shortage of water and conflict between groups of miners. These tensions led to anti-Chinese riots that occurred in 1861.

1.3 The study process The study commenced in November 2007 with initial consultations regarding process being undertaken with Young Shire Council staff. Initial actions undertaken included:

• Articles and notices placed in the Young Witness newspaper advising of the Heritage Study and inviting expressions of interest from members of the public wishing to participate in the Community-Based Heritage study Working Party. • The public were invited to nominate places considered to be of significance. A form was prepared to assist this process and made available at the Council offices.

2 The South Western Slopes Bio-Region. [Online] p.120 3 The South Western Slopes Bio-Region. [Online] p.120 4 The South Western Slopes Bio-Region. [Online] p.120 Ray Christison 24 November 2008 5 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 • Letters sent to the National Trust of Australia (NSW), Engineering Heritage Australia and the Art Deco Society of New South Wales requesting lists of items in the Young Shire maintained by these organisations.

A Community-Based Heritage Study Working Party was established by Young Shire Council to assist with the study. This group met bi-monthly and assisted the Heritage Study Co- ordinator to:

• Identify potential heritage items, • Research of the history of potential heritage items, • Inspection of potential heritage items under the supervision of the Heritage Study Co- ordinator, • Editing the draft Thematic History.

A Thematic History was prepared in consultation with the working party. This drew on previously published local histories, general histories and local primary sources.

In June 2007 village meetings were held in villages across the shire to introduce the Heritage Study and identify potential heritage items. Meetings were held as follows:

• Bendick Murrell, Bendick Murrell Memorial Hall • Bribbaree, Bribbaree Memorial Hall • Koorawatha, Koorawatha Memorial Hall • Maimaru, Maimaru Public School • Monteagle, Monteagle Community Hall • Murringo, Murringo Mechanics Institute

Follow-up meetings were held in Bendick Murrell, Bribbaree and Koorawatha to identify and inspect potential heritage items. Village committees and progress associations assisted in providing information on properties and arrange contact with owners.

Places identified by the community and Heritage Study Co-ordinator were inspected by the Co-ordinator.

1.4 Authorship This study was undertaken by Ray Christison, Heritage Consultant of High Ground Consulting, 116 Hassans Walls Road, Lithgow NSW 2790.

1.5 Study Limitations In general the community in general and property owners in particular were very supportive of the process. Regardless of this in some localities there was a reluctance to identify items.

1.6 Acknowledgements The very generous work and assistance of a number of people who made completion of this study possible must be acknowledged. These include:

• Craig Filmer, Group Leader Planning & Environment, Young Shire Council. Ray Christison 24 November 2008 6 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 • Sharon Langman, former Strategic Planner, Young Shire Council. • Heritage Study Working Party Members; o Councillor Stuart Freudenstein, Young Shire Council o Joyce Simpson, Young & District Historical Society o Maree Lamb, Young & District Historical Society o Margaret Hall, Young & District Family History Society o Jeanette Tiedeman, Young & District Family History Society o Norma Freeman, Young Local Aboriginal Land Council o Gary Inwood, community member o Brian Page, community member o Janice Ward, community member o Mark Wells, community member

The following village representatives provided invaluable assistance to the Heritage study Co-ordinator:

• Heather Ritchie, Murringo • Jane Fisher, Koorawatha • Fay Houghton, Koorawatha • Betty Johnson, Milvale • Marion McNair, Bribbaree • Geoff Slaven, Bendick Murrell • Frank Goodwin, Wirrimah

We also wish to acknowledge the support of the many property owners and managers who have generously offered access to their properties and information to support this study.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 7 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 2. The Community-Based Heritage Study

2.1 Study outline The Community-Based Heritage Study Co-ordinator undertook the following actions to complete the study.

Thematic History A Thematic History of Young Shire was prepared using information sourced from local archives and published histories.

Historical Timeline An historical timeline of the story of Young Shire has been prepared. This will provide an overview of important milestones in the story of the region.

Historic Themes Analysis The thematic history was used as a basis to identify the National and New South Wales Historic Themes demonstrated in the story of Young Shire. A table was prepared to identify the relationship between these historic themes and individual heritage items. This is included in Section 3.

Identification and assessment of heritage items The study co-ordinator worked closely with the Working Party and with local communities to identify places of heritage significance. All places were visited and a record created for each using the standard SHI recording format.

Street Survey A comprehensive street survey of the central business district of Young was undertaken to identify heritage items in the commercial area.

2.2 SHI data format The State Heritage Inventory (SHI) software package and existing SHI listings for Young Shire were sent by the Heritage Branch to Young Shire Council in 2006. Initial data entry was undertaken in-house by Sharon Langman of Young Shire Council. Following Sharon’s departure in August 2007 data entry was managed by Ray Christison of High Ground Consulting. The SHI format dictates the type of information that should be collected on each site.

2.3 Heritage Study Working Party In January 2007 Young Shire Council sought applications from members of the Young community who were interested in participating in a Community-Based Heritage Study Working Party. In addition Council sought nominations for Working Party representatives from the following local organisations:

• Young & District Historical Society • Young & District Family History Group • Young Local Aboriginal Land Council Ray Christison 24 November 2008 8 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008

Following receipt of expressions of interest ten persons were appointed to the Working Party. These were:

• Councillor Stuart Freudenstein, Young Shire Council • Joyce Simpson, Young & District Historical Society • Margaret Hall, Young & District Family History Society • Jeanette Tiedeman, Young & District Family History Society • Norma Freeman, Young Local Aboriginal Land Council • Gary Inwood, community member • Maree Lamb, community member • Maureen Marshall, community member • Brian Page, community member • Janice Ward, community member • Mark Wells, community member

The Working Party met on a bi-monthly basis. Individual Working Party members prepared lists of possible heritage items and made initial contact with property owners of their acquaintance. They also assisted with researching the history of individual heritage places and, on occasion, accompanied the Heritage Study Co-ordinator on site inspections.

Members of the Working Party also edited the Thematic History.

2.4 Existing heritage items The Heritage Study Co-ordinator initially developed a computerised list of all previously identified items, e.g. those identified in the existing Young Shire LEP, (18 items), State Significant Heritage Register (2 items), NSW Government Agency s.170 Registers (2 items), the National Estate List (6 items) and the National Trust Register (47 items). The list was further developed through the consultation and nomination process, and through review of National Trust (NSW) Industrial Heritage Committee lists of regional items.

Letters were also sent to the Art Deco Society of NSW and Engineering Heritage Committee seeking advice regarding places identified by these groups. No response was received from either organisation.

Following assessment and analysis an additional 115 items have been recommended for inclusion in the proposed Young Shire LEP Heritage Schedule. All items included on the current LEP Heritage List appear to be relevant and have been recommended for inclusion in the new Heritage Schedule.

The total proposed list of Young Heritage items is included as Appendix B to this report.

2.5 Aboriginal Heritage The Young Local Aboriginal Land Council were invited to participate in the Heritage Study Working Party and nominated a representative. Following the vandalism of a number of Aboriginal sites and relics in the Shire the local Aboriginal community appeared to be reluctant to nominate items to the Heritage Study.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 9 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008

2.6 Levels of Significance The Co-ordinator identified and assigned levels of significance (none, local, or State) for each item. All places that are listed, or will be listed as Heritage items, must be at least of Local Significance. Beyond this, items can be considered to be of State, or even National significance.

The status of listing of ‘Regional’ has no statutory power and so has generally been phased out. Sometimes it is still a handy label in descriptions however where places are obviously of more than local Significance, giving them ‘extra’ status. State Significance is additionally important as it will attract more prestige, including placement on the NSW Heritage Office Web site, and will give the item more access to funding through loans and grants.

There is currently a program by the NSW Heritage Office to complete the State Significance Register. At some time in the future Young Shire will be asked to nominate the items they, and the community, believe are of State Significance, so this level of significance has been examined for each item and recommendations made.

The criteria to decide this level of significance is subjective, but the place must be of broader importance than at the Local level. Other considerations to take into account are the level of integrity of form and material, the rarity or representativeness, their importance in the archaeological field with potential to yield important information, and/or having an established provenance so that the history can be understood and interpreted.

2.7 Inventory of nominated items The following list contains all 146 places and items investigated, their address and the date on which they were visited. These places were proposed for inclusion in the community-based heritage study by Heritage Study Working Party members, property owners and community members, or identified by the Heritage Study Co-ordinator. The order is generally alphabetical within ‘type’ of place.

A. BANKS & COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Place Address Date Visited Bank of NSW (former) Cnr. Weedallion & Short 20.9.07 Streets, Bribbaree Bank of NSW (former) 8 Boorowa Street, Koorawatha 25.10.07 Bank of NSW (former) 52 Prince Street, Koorawatha 25.10.07 Bank of NSW (former) 130 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Burrangong Shire Council 26 Lovell Street, Young 21.2.08 Chambers (former) B. Cunich’s Building Lynch Street, Young 7.6.07 CBA Bank (former) 91 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 City Bank (former) 108 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Commonwealth Bank 79-81 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 10 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Place Address Date Visited Dept. of Ageing, Disability & 29 Lynch Street, Young 16.2.07 Home Care NSW Government Offices 27 Lynch Street, Young 16.2.07 Rural Bank (former) 89 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 S.P. & W. Hobson, Builder Lynch Street, Young 7.6.07 Strand Theatre (former) 241 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07

B. CEMETERIES Place Address Date Visited Bendick Murrell General Hoads Road, Bendick Murrell 16.3.07 Cemetery Burrangong (Quamby) Werona, 675 Monteagle SR 23.8.07 Cemetery West, Bulla Creek Rookwood Cemetery ‘Rookwood’, Ballards Road, 11.6.08 Thuddungra Koorawatha General Cowra Street, Koorawatha 16.3.07 Cemetery Monteagle General Cemetery Sads Lane, Monteagle 16.3.07 Murringo General Cemetery Murringo Road, Murringo 15.3.07 Young General Cemetery 9 Cunich Street, Young 24.4.07

C. CHURCHES Place Address Date Visited Bribbaree Presbyterian 44-48 Weedallion Street, 20.9.07 Church & Manse Bribbaree Bribbaree Uniting Church 56 Weedallion Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 Catholic Church Monteagle Road, Monteagle 11.6.08 Christ Church 2471 Murringo Road, Murringo 15.3.07 Church of St John the 19 Cloete Street, Young 26.10.07 Evangelist Church of St Patrick (former) Bribbaree Road, Thuddungra 27.3.08 Sacred Heart Catholic Church 10 Geegullalong Road, Murringo 15.3.07 St Andrew’s Anglican Church 1 Little Street, Bendick Murrell 26.10.07 St Brendan’s Catholic Church 1528 Milvale-Stockinbingal Road, 4.6.07 Milvale St Columba’s Catholic Church 6 North Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 St Columba’s Catholic Church 11 Broad Street, Koorawatha 20.9.07 St Luke’s Anglican Church 14 Thuddungra Circuit, 27.3.08 Thuddungra St Matthew’s Anglican 38 Weedallion Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 Ray Christison 24 November 2008 11 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Place Address Date Visited Church & Manse St Mark’s Anglican Church Jerrybang Lane, Monteagle 15.2.07 St Mary’s Catholic Church 10 Dundas Street, Young 25.10.07 St Paul’s Anglican Church 40 Boorowa Street, Koorawatha 15.3.07 St Paul’s Presbyterian Church 26 Lynch Street, Young 21.6.07 War Memorial Church of St 3453 Milvale Road, Milvale 6.6.07 James, Hampstead Woodonga Uniting Church 1123 Olympic Way North, Young 7.6.08 Young Uniting Church 82 Lynch Street, Young 21.6.07

D. HOMESTEADS & Associated Buildings Place Address Date Visited Calabash Homestead 332 Douglas Gap Road, Murringo 18.4.08 East Milo Homestead 131 Waihemo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Marengo Homestead 2301 Murringo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Milong Homestead 1520 Milvale Road, Memagong 17.4.08 Milong Flats Homestead Milvale Road, Milvale 17.4.08 Orizaba Homestead & stables 2706 Murringo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Quamby Homestead 11 Quamby Road, Thuddungra 8.8.08 Waihemo Homestead 810 Waihemo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Willawong Homestead 1042 Douglas Gap Road, 26.3.08 Murringo

E. HOUSES & HUTS Place Address Date Visited Bellevue Cottage Murringo Gap Road, Murringo 26.3.08 Bungalow 23 West Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 The Bungalow Moppity Road, Young 23.8.07 Catholic Presbytery (former) 6 North Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 Catholic Presbytery (former) 11 Hester Street, Koorawatha 20.9.07 Cottage 5 Rose Street, Monteagle 11.6.08 Court House (former) 54 McLerie Street, Young 26.3.08 Dr Whish’s House (former) Cnr. Zouch & Cloete Streets, 17.4.08 Young Sacred Heart Convent 1717 Geegullalong Road, 18.4.08 Murringo

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 12 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008

F. HOTELS & INNS Place Address Date Visited Australian Hotel 222 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Commercial Hotel 167 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Criterion Hotel 135 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Imperial Hotel, Elton Hills Cnr. Temora & Tubbul Roads, 6.6.07 (former) Memagong Great Eastern Hotel 111 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Koorawatha Hotel 4340 Olympic Highway North, 25.10.07 Koorawatha Marengo Hotel (former) 2266 Murringo Road, Murringo 18.4.08 Old Plough Inn 24 Murringo Gap Road, 26.3.08 Murringo Railway Hotel 27 Weedallion Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 Spencers Hotel (former) 49 Whiteman Avenue, Young 22.8.07 Young Hotel 89 Lynch Street, Young 7.6.07

G. INDUSTRIAL & FOOD PROCESSING Place Address Date Visited Blacksmith Shop 2262 Murringo Road, Murringo 18.4.08 Phil Holmes Fruit Packing 457 Olympic Highway North, 11.6.08 Shed Young Silknit Building 212 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Verity Prunes 43 Nasmyth Street, Young 24.8.07 Wirrimah Prune Dehydrator 105 Horseferry Road, Wirrimah 26.10.07 Young Fruitgrowers Cool 154 Nasmyth Street, Young 1.8.08 Stores Young Poultry Chilling Works 19 Clarke Street, Young 22.8.07 (former) Young Roller Flour Mill 133 Lovell Street, Young 20.12.07

H. MEMORIALS Place Address Date Visited Anderson Park War Memorial Lovell Street, Young 16.3.07 Bribbaree War Memorial 22 Railway Street, Bribbaree 27.4.07 Crowther Park War Memorial 3547 Olympic Highway North, 16.3.07 Crowther Koorawatha War Memorial 15 Boorowa Street, 20.9.07 Park Koorawatha

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 13 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 I. MINING LANDSCAPES Place Address Date Visited Blackguard Gully Whiteman Avenue, Young 26.10.07 Chinese Tribute Gardens 59 Pitstone Road, Young 5.6.07 Krebs Lane Gold Diggings Krebs Lane, Young 24.8.07 Milkmans Creek Workings Burrangong Hall Road, Young 11.6.08

J. PHYSICAL FEATURES Place Address Date Visited Danabilla Nature Reserve - Not visited Koorawatha Falls Koorawatha Nature Reserve 25.10.07 Tout Park Scenic Lookout 1780 Scenic Road, Monteagle 16.3.07

K. POST OFFICES & UTILITIES Place Address Date Visited Hancock’s Store (former) Murringo Gap Road, Murringo 26.3.08 Koorawatha Police Station 9 Campbell Street, Koorawatha 25.10.07 Koorawatha Post Office Boorowa Street, Koorawatha 25.10.07 (former) Murringo Police Barracks 244 Murringo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 (former) Young Ambulance Station 36 Cloete Street, Young 31.7.08 Young Fire Station 32 Lynch Street, Young 16.2.07 Young Post Office 64 Lynch Street, Young 7.6.07

L. PUBLIC HALLS & SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Place Address Date Visited Bendick Murrell Memorial 121 Bendick Murrell Road, 5.6.07 Hall Bendick Murrell Bribbaree Memorial Hall 15 Weedallion Street, Bribbaree 20.9.07 Burrangong Lodge St. John 26 Zouch Street, Young 22.8.07 (former) Koorawatha Memorial Hall 4334 Olympic Highway North, 20.9.07 Koorawatha Koorawatha Regional Rooms 9 Boorowa Street, Koorawatha 20.9.07 Maimuru Tennis Club 470 Maimuru SS Road, 27.3.08 Maimuru Murringo Mechanics Institute 2271 Murringo Road, Murringo 26.3.08 Southern Cross Hall 96 Main Street, Young 23.8.07 Temperance Hall 93 Main Street, Young 23.8.07

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 14 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Place Address Date Visited Thuddungra Memorial Hall 12 Blayneys Road, Thuddungra 27.3.08 Wirrimah Community Hall 81 Horseferry Road, Wirrimah 26.10.07 Young Regional Library 31 Lynch Street, Young 16.2.07 Young Town Hall & Civic 189-201 Boorowa Street, Young 16.3.07 Offices

M. RAILWAYS Place Address Date Visited Bendick Murrell S016 Grain 50 Wirrimah Road, Bendick 16.3.07 Elevator Murrell Koorawatha Railway Water Off Prince Street, 20.9.07 Tank Koorawatha Koorawatha Railway Weir Koorawatha Nature Reserve 25.10.07 Milvale S041 Grain Elevator 35 Schillers Road, Milvale 6.6.07 Milvale Railway Water Tank Off Temora Road, Milvale 17.4.08 Young Railway Station Lovell Street, Young 16.2.07

N. ROADS & BRIDGES Place Address Date Visited Clifton Bridge Quamby-Thuddungra Road 27.308 Lynch Street Bridge Lynch Street, Young 7.6.07 Milkmans Creek Bridge Temora Road, Young 11.6.08 Sarah Musgrave Bridge Short Street, Young 21.6.07

O. SCHOOLS Place Address Date Visited Koorawatha Convent School 11 Hester Street, Koorawatha 20.9.07 (former) Koorawatha Public School 19 Crowther Street, 20.9.07 Koorawatha Young Public School (former) 2 Campbell Street, Young 25.10.07 Sacred Heart School (former) 1709 Geegullalong Road, 18.4.08 Murringo St Joseph’s School (former) 10 Dundas Street, Young 1.8.08 St Mary’s Presentation 9 Ripon Street, Young 4.6.07 Convent (Hennessy College) St Mary’s War Memorial 10 Dundas Street, Young 1.8.08 School (Hennessy College) Young Gaol (Young College of 20 Caple Street, Young 4.6.07 TAFE

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 15 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 P. SHOPS & SERVICE STATIONS Place Address Date Visited Birch’s Store (former) 7 Chillingworks Road, Young 22.8.07 Grant’s Store (former) 2255 Murringo Road, Murringo 15.3.07 Hall of Commerce (former) 178-182 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Judge’s Pharmacy 151 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Koorawatha Road House Cnr. Olympic Way & Boorowa 25.10.07 (former) Street, Koorawatha Millard Centre 192 Boorowa Street, Young 16.3.07 Service Station (former) 31 Main Street, Young 27.3.08 Shops 50-66 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Shops 96-100 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Shop 102 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Shops 114-120 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Shop (Penson’s Toyworld) 138-140 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Shops (Raine & Horne) 166 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Schmidt’s Chambers 170-174 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Terrys Brothers Building 250 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 Watson Brothers Store 146 Boorowa Street, Young 7.6.07 (former)

Q. WOOLSHEDS & SHEARERS’ QUARTERS Place Address Date Visited East Milo Woolshed 131 Waihemo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Orizaba Shearers’ Quarters 2706 Murringo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Orizaba Woolshed 2706 Murringo Road, Murringo 18.4.08 Waihemo Shearers’ 810 Waihemo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Quarters Waihemo Woolshed 810 Waihemo Road, Murringo 17.4.08 Warrangong Woolshed Koorawatha Road (Greenethorpe 20.9.07 Road, Koorawatha Willawong Shearers’ 1042 Douglas Gap Road, Murringo 26.3.08 Quarters Willawong Woolshed 1042 Douglas Gap Road, Murringo 26.3.08

R. SUNDRY Place Address Date Visited Bribbaree Recreation Ground 73 Weedallion Street, 20.9.07 Bribbaree Carrington Park & Band Ripon Street, Young 16.3.07

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 16 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Place Address Date Visited Rotunda Milong Flats Circular Stable 2262 Milvale Road, Berthong 17.4.08 Alfred Oval, John Hill Stand Lachlan Street, Young 25.10.07 Trengrove Park Grandstand 14 Bumbaldry Street, 25.10.07 Koorawatha

R. SUNDRY – Young Showground precinct Place Address Date Visited Young Showground precinct 4570 Murringo Road, Young 23.8.07 Art Hall, Young Showground 4570 Murringo Road, Young 26.10.07 Cattle & Sheep Pavilions, 4570 Murringo Road, Young 26.10.07 Young Showground Grandstand, Young 4570 Murringo Road, Young 26.10.07 Showground Main Pavilion, Young 4570 Murringo Road, Young 26.10.07 Showground Stan Lowe Pavilion, Young 4570 Murringo Road, Young 26.10.07 Showground

S. MOVABLE ITEMS Item Address Date Visited Roll Up Banner Lambing Flat Museum, Olympic Way, Young 23.8.07

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 17 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 3. Historic Themes Analysis

3.1 Introduction The relationship between an item and its historical context underlies the heritage assessment of the significance of a place. Historical themes, or story lines, provide a context within which a place or item can be better understood.

State historical themes have been prepared by the Heritage Council of NSW. These link to Australian themes prepared by the Australian Heritage Commission. Local themes may then be added. For example take the relevant historical story line of Economic Development. The Australian Theme is ‘Developing local, regional and national economies.’ The NSW Heritage Council Theme is ‘Mining’, a relevant local theme may be ‘Alluvial mining after the 1860s gold rush’. Examples illustrating this theme include Blackguard Gully, the Krebs Lane Gold Mining Area and Milkmans Creek Mining Area.

3.2 Gap analysis using historic themes By preparing a matrix of Australian, State and local themes it is possible to see where the gaps exist in the listed heritage examples. In the same way it is possible after the study to recognise strong local themes. For example, if a person were telling the story of community spirit in a rural area such as Young Shire, they might look for examples of places that illustrate the national theme of ‘Developing Australia’s cultural life’, coupled with the NSW Theme of Social institutions eg. ‘CWA Room, Masonic hall, School of Arts, Mechanic’s Institute, RSL Club, public hall, historical society collection, public library, or community centre,’

At the beginning of this study this area was a ‘gap’. That is there were no listed places that illustrated this ‘theme’ at all. At the end of the study however places that illustrated the theme locally included: Young Town Hall, Young Regional Library, Southern Cross Hall, Maimuru Tennis Club, Wirrimah Community Hall, Koorawatha Regional Rooms, Bribbaree, Bendick Murrell, Koorawatha, Murringo and Thuddungra Memorial Halls, and the former Lodge Burrangong St John.

There were many other important areas where, at the beginning of the study, there were no listed examples. For example: Mining: Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully, Krebs Lane Gold Mining Area and Milkmans Creek Gold Mining Area.

3.3 Correlations Nominated places were compiled into the matrix of themes resulting in the tables on the following pages. With just a quick perusal certain information comes to hand. For example there is a predominance of places related to agriculture, commerce, events, pastoral pursuits, accommodation, and cemeteries. A number of places illustrate more than one theme and therefore occur more than once.

Examples include: Old Plough Inn, Murringo: Transport: Coaching/road stop; Accommodation: Early travel inn; Accommodation: Adapting buildings to create homes.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 18 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Orizaba Woolshed: Pastoralism: Wool industry; Labour: Shearing. Murringo Memorial Hall: Events: War memorials; Social institutions: Community Hall; Social institutions: Mechanics Institute; Social institutions: CWA.

3.4 Thematic usages • The inclusion of an example against one theme does not exclude its consideration against one or more of the other themes. The physical development of an item can be shaped by more than one historical process or theme during its existence. • Aboriginal histories can be analysed using any theme(s) relevant to the place or object being considered – it is not necessary to restrict analysis to the theme of ‘Aboriginal cultures and interactions with other cultures’ only. • The theme of ‘Domestic Life’ can be used to explore the historical contexts for interior or private, domestic spaces and objects. • The theme of ‘Agriculture’ can be used for the intensive cultivation of exotic trees for purposes other than timber production.

3.5 Table showing correlation between National, State and Local themes The following table places all the examples that have been nominated in the study within their thematic category. Whether or not these places become ‘listed’ places their inclusion here serves to show how the theme can be illustrated in this LGA.

Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme 1 Tracing the Environment - Educational or There are two aspects to Danabilla Nature Reserve, natural naturally scientifically this theme: Bendick Murrell evolution of evolved import Site (1) Features occurring Koorawatha Falls Australia, naturally in the physical environment which have Landmark Tout Park Scenic Lookout significance independent

of human intervention (2) Features occurring naturally in the physical environment, which have shaped or influenced human life and cultures. 2 Peopling Aboriginal Sacred & Aboriginal cultural - Australia cultures and ceremonial sites identities and practises, interactions past and present; with with other Wiradjuri Nation demonstrating distinctive - ways of life; and with cultures interactions Aboriginal track demonstrating race markers relations. - Convict Emancipated Activities relating to Burrangong Station convict incarceration, transport, reform, accommodation and working during the convict period in NSW

(1788-1850) –

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 19 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme Ethnic Italian Activities associated with Australian Hotel influences connections common cultural traditions and peoples of German shared descent, and with Chinaman’s Dam exchanges between such connections Schmidt’s Chambers traditions and peoples.

Chinese Blackguard and Garibaldi connections Gully Chinaman’s Dam Roll Up Flag Migration Emigrating from Activities and processes - one district to associated with the another within resettling of people from NSW one place to another

3 Developing Agriculture Stone fruit Activities relating to the Phil Holmes Fruit Packing local, industry cultivation and rearing of Shed regional and plant and animal species, Verity Prunes national usually for commercial Wirrimah Prune Dehydrator purposes, can include economies Young Fruitgrowers’ Cool aquaculture Wheat industry Store

Bendick Murrell S016 grain elevator S041 Grain Elevator, Milvale Flour mill Milong Flats round stable

Young Co-op Flour Mill 3 Developing Commerce Department store Activities relating to Millard Centre, Boorowa local, buying, selling and Street, Young regional and exchanging goods and Watson Brothers Store national services (former) economies

Banks ANZ Bank (former), Young Bank of NSW (former), Prince Street, Koorawatha Bank of NSW (former) , Young City Bank (former), Lynch Street, Young CBA Bank (former), Young

Main streets Boorowa Street, Young Hall of Commerce, Young Hamblin’s Amcal Chemist AMP Building (former) Schmidt’s Chambers

Village Birches Store (former), Young enterprises Butchery (former), Koorawatha Grants Store (former) Murringo The Old Bakery, Koorawatha

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 20 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme Communication Postal Activities relating to the Koorawatha Post Office creation and conveyance Murringo Post Office of information Post office, (former) Environment - Orchard Activities associated with Maimuru orchards cultural landscapes the interactions between Wirrimah orchards landscape humans, human societies and the shaping of their Blackguard and Garibaldi physical surroundings Mining Gully landscapes Chinese Tribute Gardens Krebs Lane Gold Mining Area Milkmans Creek Gold Mining Area Events Lambing Flat Riot Activities an Roll Up Flag processes that mark the Memorials consequences of natural Anderson Park War and cultural occurrences Memorial Bendick Murrell Memorial Hall Bribbaree War Memorial Crowther Park War Memorial Koorawatha Memorial Hall Koorawatha War Memorial Park Murringo Memorial Hall Thuddungra Memorial Hall Young Town Hall 3 Developing Exploration Noted by early Activities associated with Burrangong Private Cemetery local, explorer making places previously regional and unknown to a cultural national group known to them. economies Fishing Activities associated with ­ gathering, producing, distributing, and consuming resources from aquatic Forestry Forestry Activities associated with - identifying and managing land covered in trees for

commercial timber purposes. Health Ambulance Activities associated with Young Ambulance Station Station preparing and providing medical assistance and/or Baby health promoting or maintaining Koorawatha Regional Rooms the well being of humans centre

Consulting rooms Dr. Whish’s Surgery Industry Flour milling Activities associated with Young Co-op Flour Mill, the manufacture, Lovell Street, Young production and Food processing distribution of goods Verity Prunes Wirrimah Prune Dehydrator Young Poultry Chilling Works (former)

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 21 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme

Manufacturing Silknit Building, Young

Mining Gold mining Activities associated with Blackguard and Garibaldi the identification, Gully extraction, processing Chinese Tribute Gardens and distribution of Krebs Lane Gold Mining mineral ores. Area Milkmans Creek Gold Mining Area 3 Developing Pastoralism Pastoral Activities associated with Calabash Homestead local, homesteads the breeding, raising, East Milo Homestead regional and processing and Marengo Homestead national distribution of livestock Milong Homestead for human use economies Orizaba Homestead & stables

Examples Quamby Homestead Pastoral station, shearing Waihemo Homestead shed, slaughter yard, stud Willawong Homestead book, photos of prize- Wool industry winning stock, homestead, Orizaba Woolshed pastoral landscape, Willawong Woolshed common, fencing, Early settler grassland, well, water Burrangong Private Cemetery trough, , wool store Quamby Homestead Science Activities associated with - systematic observations, experiments and processes for the explanation of observable phenomena Technology Activities and processes - associated with the knowledge or use of mechanical arts and applied sciences Transport Coaching Activities associated with Elton Hills Inn (former) road/stop the moving of people and Marengo Hotel (former) goods from one place to Old Plough Inn, Murringo another, and systems for the provision of such Service station Terry Brothers Building, movements Young

Road transport Burrangong Creek bridge (Sarah Musgrave bridge) Clifton Bridge Lynch Street bridge Milkmans Creek Bridge

Rail transport Bendick Murrell S016 grain elevator Koorawatha Railway Water Tank Koorawatha Railway Weir Milvale S041 grain elevator Ray Christison 24 November 2008 22 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme Young Railway Station & yard S041 Grain Elevator, Milvale Milvale railway water tanks Overbridge, Bridge Street, Young 4 Building Towns, suburbs Villages Activities associated with Bendick Murrell Memorial settlements, and villages creating, planning and Hall towns and managing urban Blacksmith Shop, Murringo cities functions, landscapes and Railway Hotel, Bribbaree lifestyles in towns,

suburbs and villages St Brendan’s Catholic Church, Milvale Former Village sites Maimuru Tennis Club Wirrimah Hall Soldier settlement Accommodation On stations Activities associated with Calabash Homestead the provision of East Milo Homestead accommodation, and Marengo Homestead particular types of Milong Homestead accommodation – does Orizaba Homestead & stables not include architectural styles – use the theme of Quamby Homestead Creative Endeavour for Waihemo Homestead such activities Willawong Homestead

Rural villages Examples include Terrace, 5 Rose Street, Monteagle apartment, semi-detached 23 West Street, Bribbaree house, holiday house, hostel, bungalow, mansion, shack, Former Presbytery, house boat, caravan, cave, Koorawatha humpy, migrant hostel, Presbyterian Manse, homestead, cottage, house Bribbaree site (archaeological).. Sacred Heart Convent, Murringo St Columba’s Presbytery, Bribbaree Town Accommodation The Bungalow, Young

Early travel inn Imperial Hotel, Elton Hills Marengo Hotel (former) Old Plough Inn, Murringo

Public houses Australian Hotel Commercial Hotel Great Eastern Hotel Jim Morris Empire Hotel, Main Street, Young Koorawatha Hotel Newton’s Young Hotel, Lynch Street, Young Railway Hotel, Bribbaree Spencer’s Hotel, Young

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 23 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme Religious communities Catholic Church & convent, Boreham Street, Murringo Christian Brothers Monastery Former Presbytery, Koorawatha St Joseph’s Convent, Young St Mary’s Presentation Convent, Ripon Street, Young 4 Building Utilities Electricity Activities associated with the Young Town Hall settlements, generation provision of services, especially on a communal towns and basis Examples cities Fire station Water pipeline, sewage Young Fire Station, Lynch tunnel, gas retort, Street, Young powerhouse, County Council office, garbage dump, Public facilities windmill, radio tower, Chinaman’s Dam bridge, culvert, weir, well, cess pit, reservoir, dam, places Land tenure Large stations Activities and processes for Burrangong Cemetery identifying forms of Calabash Homestead ownership and occupancy of land and water, both Marengo Homestead Aboriginal and non- Soldier settlement Aboriginal Fence, survey Maimuru Tennis Club mark, subdivision pattern, Wirrimah Community Hall land title document, boundary hedge, 5 Working Labour Mining Activities associated with Blackguard and Garibaldi work practises and organised Gully and unorganised labour Examples Krebs Lane Gold Mining Trade union office, bundy Area clock, time-and-motion study Milkmans Creek Gold Mining (document), union banner, Area union membership card, Shearing strike site, staff change rooms, servants quarters, Orizaba Woolshed shearing shed, green ban Willawong Woolshed Station life site, brothel, kitchen, nurses station, hotel with an occupational patronage Orizaba Shearers Quarters Waihemo Shearers Quarters Willawong Shearers Quarters 6 Educating Education Public school Activities associated with Public School (former), teaching and learning by Campbell Street, Young children and adults, formally and informally. Technical College, Caple Street, Young Koorawatha Public School Murringo Public School

Tertiary education Technical College (former gaol)

Catholic Koorawatha Convent School education Sacred Heart Convent & School, Murringo St Brendan’s Catholic Church, Milvale St. Joseph’s Kindergarten

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 24 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme (former), Young St Mary’s War Memorial School, Young St Patrick’s School, Young 7 Governing Defence Small arms Activities associated with Silknit Building, Young manufacture defending places from hostile takeover and Training facility occupation Young Showground

Government Local government Activities associated with Burrangong Shire Council and the governance of local Chambers (former) administration areas, regions, the State Young Town Hall and the nation

Law and order Lambing Flat Riot Activities associated with Roll Up Flag maintaining, promoting Gaol and implementing Technical College, Caple criminal and civil law and Street, Young legal processes

Examples Court house Courthouse, police station, Assembly Hall, Campbell lock-up, protest site, law Street, Young chambers, handcuffs, legal Old Court House, 54 McLerie document, gaol complex, Street, Young water police boat, police vehicle, jail, prison complex Police station (archaeological), detention Koorawatha Police Station centre, judicial symbols Murringo Police Barracks Welfare Housing Activities and process ­ associated with the provision of social services by the state or philanthropic organisations 8 Developing Leisure Town Hotels – Activities associated with Australian Hotel, Young Australia’s refreshments and recreation and relaxation Commercial Hotel, Young cultural life entertainment Great Eastern Hotel, Young Examples Jim Morris Empire Hotel, Resort, ski lodge, chalet, cruise ship, passenger rail Young carriage, swimming pool, Marengo Hotel (former) dance hall, hotel, caravan Newton’s Young Hotel, Lynch park, tourist brochures, park, Street, Young beach, clubhouse, lookout, common, bush walking track, Koorawatha Hotel Aboriginal Christmas camp Spencers Hotel site, fishing spot, picnic Railway Hotel, Bribbaree place, swimming hole. Royal Hotel, Young

Cinema Koorawatha Memorial Hall Strand Theatre (former)

Community life The Band Rotunda, Ripon Street, Young Bribbaree Recreation Ground Koorawatha War Memorial Park Southern Cross Hall Tout Park Scenic Lookout Young Showground

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 25 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme Social Community hall Activities and Bendick Murrell Memorial institutions organisational Hall arrangements for the Bribbaree Memorial Hall provision of social Koorawatha Memorial Hall activities Murringo Memorial Hall Examples ▪CWA Room, Masonic hall, Southern Cross Hall, Young School of Arts, Mechanic’s Thuddungra Memorial Hall Institute, museum, art Wirrimah Community Hall gallery, RSL Club, public Young Temperance Hall hall, historical society collection, public library, Mechanics community centre, Young Town Hall Institute Aboriginal mission hall or Murringo Memorial Hall school room Koorawatha Regional Rooms School of arts Young Regional Library

CWA Bribbaree Memorial Hall Koorawatha Regional Rooms Murringo Memorial Hall

Masonic Lodge Burrangong Lodge St John Halls (former) Koorawatha Regional Rooms 8 Developing Domestic life Station life Activities associated with Calabash Homestead Australia’s creating, maintaining, East Milo Homestead cultural life living in and working Marengo Homestead around houses and Milong Homestead institutions. Orizaba Homestead & stables

Waihemo Homestead Willawong Homestead

Town & village 5 Rose Street, Monteagle homes 23 West Street, Bribbaree The Bungalow, Young

Adapting Birches Store, Young buildings to create Old Plough Inn, Murringo homes Sacred Heart School, Murringo Sport Cricket Activities associated with Bribbaree Recreation Ground organised recreational Football and health promotional Trengrove Park Grandstand, activities Koorawatha

Horseracing Trengrove Park Grandstand, Koorawatha Young Showground Grandstand

Tennis Bribbaree Recreation Ground Koorawatha War Memorial Park Maimuru Tennis Club

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 26 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme 8 Developing Creative Music Activities associated with The Band Rotunda, Ripon Australia’s endeavour the production and Street, Young cultural life performance of literary, Architect – artistic, architectural and Service Station (former), 31 other imaginative, Neville R. Main Street, Young interpretive or inventive Lipman works; Terry Brothers Building War Memorial Church of St James, Hampstead Young Poultry Chilling Works Religion Practising Activities associated with Christ Church Anglican Anglicanism particular systems of faith Church, Murringo and worship Church of St John the Evangelist, Young St Andrew’s Anglican Church, Bendick Murrell St Luke’s Anglican Church, Thuddungra St Mark’s Anglican Church, Monteagle St Matthew’s Anglican Church, Bribbaree St Paul’s Anglican Church, Koorawatha War Memorial Church of St James, Hampstead

Practising Bribbaree Uniting Church Methodism Woodonga Uniting Church (former) Young Uniting Church

Practising Bribbaree Presbyterian Presbyterianism Church & manse St Paul’s Presbyterian Church, Young

Practising Roman Chapel – St Mary’s Church, Catholicism Young Christian Brothers Monastery Church of St Patrick, Thuddungra Former Presbytery, Koorawatha Sacred Heart Church, Murringo Sacred Heart Convent, Murringo St Brendan’s Catholic Church, Milvale St Columba’s Catholic Church, Bribbaree St Columba’s Presbytery, Bribbaree St Mary’s Catholic Church,

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 27 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Australian NSW Theme Local theme Notes Examples Theme Young

Birth and Death Birth & Activities associated with Bribbaree Bush Nursing motherhood the initial stages of Association human life and the Koorawatha Regional Rooms bearing of children, and with the final stages of Operating and Bendick Murrell General human life and disposal maintaining of the dead. Cemetery cemeteries and Examples Koorawatha General burial grounds - Birth control clinic, Cemetery Town or Village maternity hospital, Monteagle General Cemetery Cemetery nursery, baby clinic, Murringo General Cemetery baptism register, Young General Cemetery circumcision equipment, Operating and and Hospice, nursing Burrangong Private Cemetery home, funeral parlour, maintaining grave furnishings, cemeteries and cremation site, cemetery, burial grounds - burial register, disaster Private cemetery site, memorial plantings, shipwreck with loss of Lone Grave life. Rookwood Cemetery, Thuddungra

War memorial Anderson Park War Memorial Bribbaree War Memorial Crowther Park War Memorial Koorawatha War Memorial Park 9 Marking Persons Assoc. persons Activities of, and Anderson Park War the phases of associations with, Memorial life identifiable individuals, Burrangong Private Cemetery families and communal George Cranfield Plaque, groups Young Town Hall

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 28 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 4. Characteristics of Young Shire cultural heritage sites

4.1 Shire Wide Characteristics Young Shire presents a picturesque and varied landscape ranging from the high wooded ridge lines and rolling hills of the eastern side of the shire, to the wide flats of the Lachlan Plains at the west of the Shire. The hills and flats host rich grazing country and productive croplands. The hills and valleys around Young are also characterised by large stone fruit orchards and a growing cool climate wine industry.

The eastern hills were settled first from the Goulburn/Yass area and settlers gradually moved onto the flats. Murringo (Marengo), the first established settlement, grew near the large Marengo run and Koorawatha grew initially on a Bang Bang Creek crossing point. The pastoral settlements of Thuddungra and Tubbull grew in the midst of the rich lands of the flats. Young grew at the centre of the Lambing Flat Gold Diggings and spread across the valley of Burrangong Creek. Young quickly eclipsed the earlier settlement of Marengo and grew to dominate the life of the region.

The development of railways through the shire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries created a series of new settlements and led to the decline of others. Bendick Murrell, Milvale and Bribbaree were established along new railway lines and the railway between Young and Cowra shifted the centre of the Village of Koorawatha to the west. The Village of Monteagle was located at a distance from its railway station. Following the First World War soldier settlement schemes created new communities and landscapes at Kingsvale, Maimuru and Wirrimah.

The impact of these developments is reflected in the diverse built heritage of the shire. The Village of Murringo contains many brick and stone buildings dating from the mid to late 19th century and Young’s substantial Victorian buildings reflect the wealth and development of that town in the late 19th century. Young also contains substantial mid 20th century buildings and has many Inter-war buildings reflecting the design styles of the Moderne era. Villages located on the railway lines contain mostly early 20th century buildings. Koorawatha and Monteagle also have many buildings constructed in the late 19th century.

Building materials used in the shire included timber slab, pise, stone, brick and corrugated iron. The built heritage of the shire reflects the varied use of these materials.

4.2 Heritage Resources What are the heritage resources of the shire today? What remains to tell the story of the former land use, settlement patterns and transport systems? What archaeological and architectural resources and materials can be seen and interpreted in Young Shire? The answer to these questions lies partly in the list of places that this community based heritage study has sought to include on its inventory.

The inventory is not a complete list, rather it seeks to be comprehensive, including some examples for each relevant historical theme. The heritage of a place is a continually changing Ray Christison 24 November 2008 29 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 asset. What we see today that makes the character of a place special may well be the ‘heritage’ of tomorrow.

There are at least six categories of items in Young Shire that are of exceptional interest.

4.2.1 Alluvial Gold Mining Landscapes The area around the Town of Young contains substantial evidence of alluvial gold mining activity dating from the early 1860s until the early years of the 20th century. During the early gold rush period numerous small shafts were sunk into the alluvial deposits all over Burrangong Creek and its tributaries and alluvium was washed in cradles or small-scale sluice boxes. After the gold rush small groups of miners undertook collaborative and subsistence gold mining activities that were characterised by the construction of dams and larger scale ground sluicing. During the latter part of the 19th century companies were formed to finance larger scale hydraulic sluicing and dredging activities. The landscape around Young reflects all of these phases of activity with the Krebs Lane area providing evidence of all eras of gold mining.

Gold mining landscapes included in this study are Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully, Krebs Lane Gold Mining Area, Milkmans Creek Gold Mining Area and Chinaman’s Dam.

4.1: Abandoned sluicing area at Krebs Lane 4.2: Chinamans Dam, built by the German Tiedemann brothers to supply sluicing activities.

4.2.2 Homesteads and woolsheds The Pastoral and Agricultural landscape of Young Shire has undergone constant change since the 1830s. The story of the shire illustrates a continuum of change from large pastoral lease- holdings to substantial freehold properties that were gradually broken up through the late 19th and early to mid 20th centuries. Most early Pastoral holdings had a myriad of outbuildings and functioned effectively as small villages with store, housing of various types, schooling, wool shed, and private cemeteries. Many of these places today retain fine examples of great timber craftsmanship and stonemasonry in both major and minor constructions, and reflect the energy and perseverance of strong individuals. Some notable examples can be found at Marengo, Willawong, Waihemo and Milong. Closer settlement created smaller holdings around locations such as Bendick Murrell, Bribbaree, Koorawatha, Monteagle and Thuddungra. The woolsheds at East Milo, Willawong and Orizaba help to represent changes in the scale of pastoral activity. Ray Christison 24 November 2008 30 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008

Plate 4.3: Willawong Homestead Plate 4.4: Waihemo Shearers’ Quarters

4.2.3 Young central business district The town of Young was developed in the midst of the Burrangong Gold Field. Shops, hotels and other business establishments developed along the line of Boorowa Street from 1860 onwards. The business district was firmly established by the 1870s. A number of catastrophic fires destroyed much of the early fabric of the town, however many buildings survive from the late 19th century. The ongoing commercial strength of Young is reflected in the diversity of architectural styles representing Victorian, Federation and Moderne trends.

A number of prominent buildings such as the Millard Centre and the Town Hall are iconic structures that provide strong visual affirmation of the character of Young. The work of local architect Neville Lipman is represented in former service stations located on the corners of Boorowa and Clarke Streets and Lovell and Main Streets.

Plate 4.5: Boorowa Street looking west from Plate 4.6: Boorowa Street looking west Main Street. towards Lynch Street.

4.2.4 Cemeteries & isolated graves Rituals of death are most prominently displayed in cemeteries. These places also provide indications of both the faith and wealth of an area’s inhabitants. Young has a well established General Cemetery in which the Roman Catholic section, marked as St Mary’s Cemetery has a prominent place. The older villages of Young Shire have their own general cemeteries and numerous isolated graves are scattered around the locations of older settlements of the shire.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 31 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 The Celtic Cross of the Irish has a prominent place in the grand headstones of Murringo General Cemetery. In Monteagle the Anglicans have claimed the most prominent part of the cemetery high on an eastern hill. The large parcels of land allocated for cemeteries at Koorawatha and Monteagle provide an indication of the confidence of early residents in the capacity of these places to prosper and grow. The sad spectacle of Bendick Murrell’s abandoned cemetery tells a very different story. Family cemeteries are located on a number of rural properties and the shire contains some isolated burials.

Plate 4.7: The small cemetery on James White’s former property is a resting place for James and other members of his family.

4.2.5 Farming landscapes The initial impetus for European settlement of the Young Shire came from those looking for places to pasture stock. As transport routes developed agriculture gained more prominence and, with the coming of the railways, fruit growing was established as an important part of the region’s commercial mix. The farming landscapes of Young Shire vary from the pastoral uplands of the east through the rich hills and valleys around Young’s Hilltops region to the flats of the eastern areas of the vast Lachlan plain. These areas provide quite distinct environments that support the traditional staples of the area’s farming community.

The soldier settlement areas of Kingsvale, Maimuru and Wirrimah have created a farming landscape that compliments the others but is characterised by smaller blocks, many of which retain their simple Californian Bungalow style soldier-settler houses.

4.2.6 Engineering and Industrial Heritage There are many examples of interesting engineering works throughout the shire, especially those associated with roads and railways. In the past we may have considered these ‘commonplace’ or ‘utilitarian’ but they are now being recognised as places of real heritage value. Some are becoming very rare as the materials and workmanship of the past that produced them are no longer available. Examples included in this study demonstrate stages of technological development, and the changes in the nature of and working conditions of the past. Timber engineering structures such as the Clifton Bridge over Burrangong Creek on the Bribaree-Thuddungra Road represent the transfer of American construction techniques in the late 19th century while the small stone and brick arch bridge over Milkmans Creek on the

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 32 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 Temora Road represents the use of British technology that dates back to Roman times. The Art Deco style bridges across Burrangong represent the widespread use of concrete for bridge construction in the 20th century.

Plate 4.8: The stone fabric of the simple stone and brick arch bridge across Milkmans Creek dates from the 1860s.

4.3 Statement of Significance The following statement of significance for Young Shire was prepared using the criteria described in the NSW Heritage Office guidelines ‘assessing heritage significance’:

(a) The area is important in the course or pattern of NSW cultural or natural history Young Shire presents a culturally significant landscape, which consists generally of cleared farming land but contains pockets of natural landscape with landmark beauty and diversity such as the Danabilla Range and Koorawatha Falls. The former Burrangong Gold Field contains pockets of remnant alluvial mining landscape with state significance as readable elements of the mining activities that occurred between 1860 and the early 20th century. The shire also contains important agricultural and pastoral landscapes such as the rich stone fruit growing areas of Young’s Hilltops region and the wheat growing lands of the eastern Bland.

Changes in the patterns of European settlement and transport routes are major themes of the story of Young Shire. The shire contains villages such as Murringo that grew and declined as transport and trade patterns changed. The construction of railways through the shire had a major impact on settlement patterns that were reinforced by later soldier- settlement activity.

The gold rushes brought people to Young from all over the world. Many of these people stayed and had a major impact on the commercial development of the area. Young continues to host a multicultural community. The Young Shire has also been a place of innovation and vision and Young proudly stands as the first town in the British Empire to have reticulated electrical power for both street and domestic lighting. The sense of co-

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 33 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 operative effort that distinguished the region also led to the establishment of the first shearers’ union at Tubbul in 1886.

(b) The item has strong or special association with the life or works of a person, or group of persons. Many important figures are associated with this district and its development. These include: Aboriginal leader – Cobborn Jackie; Pastoralists – James White, Edward Taylor, Sarah Musgrave, Steele Caldwell, Carlo Marina, The Parkman, Tout and Kelly families; Orchardist – Nicole Jasprizza, Civic leaders: George Cranfield, Helen Marina MBE, George Whiteman; Church leader – Monsignor Hennessy; Organised labour leaders – James Torpy, C.B. Frater, W.G. Scott, George Cranfield; Military figures – Charles Anderson VC, MC, Eric Campbell DSO; Architect Neville Lipman.

(c) The area contains items important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics, or high degree of creative or technical achievement Many buildings demonstrate the creative endeavour of architects and also the ingenuity of vernacular builders. Young’s late 19th and early 20th century architecture provides a powerful testament to the economic energy that drove the development of the town and region through successive economic cycles. Young’s Art Deco legacy is quite outstanding and has been reinforced by the strong body of work of local architect Neville Lipman. The area also contains many mid 19th century buildings and the village of Murringo is a unique time capsule that contains many buildings from the 1860s.

The use of pise or rammed earth in building construction is evident in the many surviving buildings in Young and in the rural areas of the shire. The shire also contains many fine homesteads and former inns built in stone.

(d) The area has special associations with a particular community or cultural group Particular groups of people such as community organisations, churches and others have also left a tangible legacy in the built environment of the former Burrangong Shire. The heritage of the Wiradjuri people, their interaction with the land and struggles since European settlement is also present in the district. A series of violent anti-Chinese demonstrations and riots in 1861 added a degree of infamy to the story of Young. The establishment of a Chinese Tribute Garden on a site developed by German miners and later farmed by Chinese vegetable gardeners has created a special link between the shire and areas of southern China.

(e) Has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of NSW cultural or natural history Events at Young in 1861 had a role in influencing the development of early Australian immigration policies. Through a spirit of innovation characterised by its early embrace of electricity the Municipality of Young provided national leadership in the later 19th century.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 34 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 The mining, pastoral and agricultural heritage of the Young Shire are evidence of the great economic forces that forged the Australian nation. Relics of former roads and rail routes provide information on the patterns of settlement of the area.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 35 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 2006-2008 5. The Heritage System A great deal of information is provided by the Heritage Branch, Department of Planning advising people on ways to conserve the places from the past (our heritage) that we all value. While this report does not attempt to present all that heritage information this section contains some basic information and some references that will be of assistance to those wishing to know more.

5.1 The Heritage Act This Act was proclaimed in 1977 and major changes to it were made in April 1996. The Heritage Act is available on the web site www.heritage.nsw.gov.au. The Heritage Act caters for the recording of information about Heritage places on its data base known as the SHI (State Heritage Inventory), provides detailed information on all aspects of heritage work, provides monetary support in the form of grants and loans, and works on promotion and education about heritage issues.

5.2 Heritage Branch, Department of Planning The Heritage Branch, services the NSW Heritage Council, both of which were created by the Heritage Act. The Heritage Council and Heritage Branch administer the Act and so carry out all the work noted in the above paragraph. It is also the body one can refer to, at a State level, if one has any specific ‘heritage’ concerns. Naturally it would be expected that one would first contact the Young Shire Council and speak to the Environment and Sustainability staff there. The Heritage Branch also produces and updates a number of comprehensive manuals on Heritage matters. In particular: The NSW Heritage Manual’, ‘Local Government Heritage Guidelines’ and ‘The Maintenance of Heritage Assets’. This information and much more is available as downloads from the Heritage Branch web site.

5.3 Heritage Branch web site This is a very valuable resource if the reader wishes to have more detailed information on the heritage system at hand. If one has access to a computer www.heritage.nsw.gov.au is really worth a visit. It is on this site that the results of this study will eventually be displayed in the form of data about individual sites.

Such data, the inventory of heritage sites, forms a great cultural resource where the reader can look for specific sites, carry out research and make comparisons with other sites.

5.4 The Burra Charter The Burra Charter is a guiding document that was written in the heritage town of Burra in South Australia, based on the knowledge and experience of members of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS). It is Australia’s charter that guides conservation and management of cultural places. It is often summarised into the expression ‘do as little as possible, but as much as necessary’. It can be viewed on the following web site www.icomos.org/australia

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 36 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 5.5 Young Shire Local Environmental Plan

5.5.1 Existing Planning Controls Young Shire Council currently has two local environmental plans. These are:

• Young Local Environmental Plan 1991 – Urban Lands. (As amended) • Young Local Environmental Rural Plan 1993. (As amended)

Definitions in these LEPs include:

• heritage item means a building, work, relic, tree, or place of heritage significance to the Shire of Young, described in Schedule 1; • heritage significance means historic, scientific, cultural, social, archaeological, architectural, natural or aesthetic significance.

The heritage provisions of these local environmental plans are described below.

5.5.1.1 Young Local Environmental Plan 1991 – Urban Lands One aim of this LEP is to ‘conserve the environmental heritage of the town’.

Specific provisions of the LEP relating to heritage items are as follows.

Clause 15: Heritage Items (1) A person shall not, in respect of a building, work, relic, tree or place that is a heritage item - (a) demolish or alter the building or work; (b) damage or move the relic, including excavation for the purpose of exposing the relic; (c) damage or despoil the place or tree; (d) erect a building on or subdivide land on which the building, work or relic is situated or that comprises the place; or (e) damage any tree on land on which the building, work or relic is situated or on the land which comprises the place, except with the consent of the Council.

(2) The Council shall not grant consent to a development application under subclause (1) unless it has taken into consideration the extent to which the carrying out of the proposed development would affect the heritage significance of the item and any stylistic or horticultural features and its setting.

Clause 16: Development in the vicinity of heritage items The Council shall not grant consent to an application to carry out development on land in the vicinity of a heritage item unless it has made an assessment of the effect the carrying out of that development will have on the heritage significance of the item and its setting.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 37 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Clause 17: Conservation incentives relating to heritage items (1) Nothing in this plan prevents the Council from granting consent to the use, for any purpose, of a building that is a heritage item or the land on which the building is erected if it is satisfied that - (a) the proposed use would have little or no adverse effect on the amenity of the area; and (b) the conservation of the building depends on the Council granting consent under this clause.

Clause 18: Heritage advertisements and notifications (1) Except as provided by sub-clause (2) - (a) the provisions of sections 84, 85, 86, 87(1) and 90 of the Act apply to and in respect of - (i) the demolition of a building or work that is a heritage item; and (ii) the use of a building or land referred to in clause 17 for a purpose which, but for that clause, would be prohibited under this plan, in the same way as those provisions apply to and in respect of designated development; and (b) where a person makes a development application to demolish a building or work that is a heritage item, the Council shall not grant consent to that application until 28 days after the Council has notified the Secretary of the Heritage Council of its intention to do so. (2) Subclause (1) does not apply to the partial demolition of a heritage item if, in the opinion of the Council, the partial demolition will be of a minor nature and will not adversely affect the heritage significance of the heritage item, in relation to the environmental heritage of the Shire of Young.

5.5.1. Young Local Environmental Rural Plan 1993 One general aims of this LEP is to ‘to encourage the proper management, development and conservation of natural and man-made resources within the Shire of Young by protecting, enhancing or conserving places and buildings of archaeological or heritage significance, including aboriginal relics and places’.

Specific provisions of the LEP relating to heritage items are as follows.

Clause 23: Heritage items (1) A person shall not, in respect of a heritage item - (a) demolish or alter the building or work; or (b) damage or move the relic; or (c) excavate for the purpose of exposing the relic; or (d) damage or despoil the place or tree; or (e) erect a building or subdivide land on which the building, work or relic is situated or that comprises the place; or (f) damage any tree on land on which the building, work or relic is situated or on the land which comprises the place, except with the consent of the Council.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 38 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study (2) The Council shall not grant consent to a development application required by subclause (1) unless it has taken into consideration the extent to which the carrying out of the proposed development would affect the heritage significance of the item and any stylistic or horticultural features and its setting.

Clause 24: Development in the vicinity of heritage items The Council shall not grant consent to an application to carry out development on land in the vicinity of a heritage item unless it has made an assessment of the effect the carrying out of the development will have on the heritage significance of the item and its setting.

Clause 25: Conservation incentives relating to heritage items Nothing in this plan prevents the Council from granting consent to the use, for any purpose, of a building that is a heritage item or the land on which the building is erected if it is satisfied that - (a) the proposed use would have little or no adverse effect on the amenity of the area; and (b) the conservation of the building depends on the Council granting consent in accordance with this clause.

Clause 26: Heritage advertisements and notifications (1) Except as provided by subclause (2) - (a) the provisions of sections 84, 85, 86, 87(1) and 90 of the Act apply to and in respect of - (i) the demolition of a building or work that is a heritage item; and (ii) the use of a building or land referred to in clause 25 for a purpose which, but for that clause, would be prohibited under this plan, in the same way as those provisions apply to and in respect of designated development; and (b) where a person makes a development application to demolish a building or work that is a heritage item, the Council shall not grant consent to that application until 28 days after the Council has notified the Secretary of the Heritage Council of its intention to do so. (2) Subclause (1) does not apply to the partial demolition of a heritage item if, in the opinion of the Council, the partial demolition will be of a minor nature and will not adversely affect the heritage significance of the heritage item, in relation to the environmental heritage of the Shire of Young.

5.6 General questions on the listing of heritage places One of the central questions that the community based study seeks to find out is: ‘are there culturally significant heritage places in Young that are not represented on the above lists?’ By reviewing existing listings, consulting with community groups and property owners, visiting relevant sites where possible, and researching their

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 39 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study significance it is possible to decide if there are additional places of significance that should be listed.

The process of this study is described in Section 2 of this report.

There are two primary levels of significance:

• Places of Local significance, and • Places of State significance.

It is a subjective process to decide which places are of local and which are of State significance. Experience in assessing significance, the particular place’s integrity and originality, and comparisons with other places help to guide this process. It is only at the end of the study that places of State Significance stand out. Even so, the opinions on State Significance are the opinions of the writer, the heritage consultant, in this case. It is not a definitive list by any means. Additional items may well be relevant especially as time and knowledge alter our view of such matters.

5.7 Statutory Heritage Listings There are many ways in which a property can be listed but only two of these provide statutory control over the place or item. These two listing types are:

• Local Heritage Items • State Heritage Items

5.7.1 Local LEP listing Items of local significance can be included in an LEP Heritage Schedule. The LEP provides specific protection to listed and unlisted heritage items. Heritage items listed on the current LEP are as follows:

SHI number Item 2760001/5045471 City Bank (former), Lynch Street (108 Boorowa Street), Young 2760002 The Millard Centre, 192 Boorowa Street, Young 2760003 Assembly Hall (former Court House) , Ripon Street, Young 2760004 Young Co-op Flour Mill, Lovell Street, Young 2760005 Technical College (former gaol), Caple Street, Young 2760006 Public School (former), Dundas Street, (Campbell Street) Young 2760007 Jim Morris Empire Hotel, Main Street, Young 2760008 St Mary’s Catholic Church, Ripon Street, Young 2760009 Newtons Young Hotel, Lynch Street, Young 2760010 Young Railway Station, Lovell Street, Young 2760011 Old Court House, 54 McLerie Street, Young 2760012 St Mary’s Presentation Convent, Ripon Street, Young 2760013 Chapel, Western end of St Mary’s Catholic Church 2760014 The Band Rotunda, Ripon Street, Young 2760015 Public School Building, Burrowa Street, Murringo 2760016 Church of England, Burrowa Street, Murringo 2760018 Catholic Church & Convent, Boreham Street, Murringo

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 40 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 5.7.2 State Government Agency Listing New South Wales Government Agencies are required to maintain lists of heritage items in their ownership. Three such items have been identified in Young:

SHI number Item 3540087 Young Ambulance Station, 36 Cloete Street, Young 4440265 Young Railway Station & Yard Group, Lovell Street, Young 4690109 Young Fire Station, 34 Lynch Street, Young

5.7.3 State Heritage Register Listing Items of State Significance may be listed on the NSW State Heritage Register. These are places of special significance in the story of New South Wales that are believed to require special protection.

Given the number of items on the Young Heritage Schedule and the significance of Young to the development of New South Wales and Australia the shire appears to be under-represented on the NSW Heritage Register. Items currently on the State Heritage Register are as listed below:

SHI number Item 5045471 City Bank (former), Lynch Street (108 Boorowa Street, Young 5012297 Young Railway Station and yard group, Lovell Street, Young

The following additional items have been identified by this study as having State Heritage Significance.

SHI number Item 2760060 Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully Gold Diggings, Whiteman Avenue, Young 2760069 Calabash Homestead, Douglas Gap Road, Murringo 2760071 Chinaman’s Dam Public Recreation Reserve, 59 Pitstone Road, Young 2760077 Church of St John the Evangelist, 19 Cloete Street, Young 2760108 Krebs Lane Gold Diggings, Krebs Lane, Young 2760002 Millard Centre, 192 Boorowa Street, Young 2760011 Old Court House, 54 McLerie Street, Young 2760120 Old Plough Inn, Murringo Gap Road, Murringo 2760123 Roll Up Banner, Lambing Flat Folk Museum 2760008 St Mary’s Catholic Church, Ripon Street, Young 2760047 Young Regional Library, 31 Lynch Street, Young 2760161 Young Town Hall & Civic Offices, 189-201 Boorowa Street, Young

5.8 Non-Statutory listings

5.8.1 The Register of the National Estate This list was compiled and maintained by the former Australian Heritage Commission. It is a list of places of significance that were nominated for many

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 41 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study reasons and by a variety of interested parties. This list is generally being replaced by the far more selective Australian Heritage Database. Six places in Young Shire are listed on the Register of the National Estate as follows:

Place ID Item Location Category 1063 Danabilla Nature Reserve Bendick Murrell Natural 101401 St Mary’s Catholic Church Ripon Street, Young Historic 1207 Young Court House (former) Campbell Street, Young Historic 1208 Young Gaol (former) Caple Street, Young Historic 1210 Young Public School (former) Campbell Street, Young Historic 1209 Young Railway Station Lovell Street, Young Historic

5.8.2 National Trust Register The National Trust of Australia is not part of government. It is an independent non- profit organisation, supported by a large community base. It is the premier independent heritage and conservation organisation in the state, and the major operator of house museums and historic properties open to the public. The National Trust of Australia actively works towards conserving and protecting heritage by showcasing heritage places, providing educational material, and through the active participation of its many members carrying out such tasks as evaluating Council and developer actions, writing letters and reports and attending meetings that have a bearing on the future of heritage places.

The National Trust Register contains over 7000 listed places state wide including gardens, trees, bridges and buildings. Being on this register does not involve any statutory power, but is a prestigious listing that will often lend weight to decisions made by Councils when considering the future use, preservation and conservation of a place.

The National Trust has listed 20 places in Young Shire. These are as follows:

• ANZ Bank, 147 Boorowa Street, Young • Bank (Tourist Information Centre), Cnr Boorowa & Lynch Streets, Young • Christ Church Anglican Church, Murringo • Christian Brothers Monastery, Dundas Street, Young (demolished) • Court House (former), 54 McLerie Street, Young • High School Assembly Hall, Campbell Street, Young • House & Hotel (former), Main Street, Murringo • Koorawatha Railway Station (demolished) • Millard’s’ Centre, 192 Boorowa Street, Young • Monteagle Hotel & Well, Cnr. Shamrock & Victoria Streets, Monteagle (demolished) • Presentation Nuns’ Convent, Ripon Street, Young • Public School (former), Dundas Street, Young • St Joseph’s Kindergarten, Ripon Street, Young • St Mary’s Catholic Church, Ripon Street, Young • St Mary’s Catholic Presbytery, Ripon Street, Young • St Mary’s War Memorial School, Ripon Street, Young

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 42 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study • St Patrick’s School, Ripon Street, Young • Technical College, Caple Street, Young • Young Railway Station, Lovell Street, Young • Young Co-op Flour Mill, Lovell Street, Young

In addition to these the National Trust Industrial Heritage Committee had identified the following on its list of industrial heritage sites in New South Wales:

• Pug Mill, Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully, Young (this is a modern structure built for interpretation purposes) • Young Railway Carriage Shed, Lovell Street, Young

5.8.3 National Parks Listings The National Parks and Wildlife Service maintains its own list of places of Heritage significance including places on their National Park and elsewhere. The local branch of the National Parks is in Wagga NSW.

5.8.4 Special Interest Listings There are some specialised lists that collect information on a number of ‘like’ places. For example the Engineering Heritage Australia Register, and the Institute of Architects 20th century buildings register. No buildings or places in Young Shire have been identified as being listed on any of these registers.

5.9 A new Young Shire LEP A new LEP is being prepared by Young Shire Council. Department of Planning guidelines require that the new LEP contain a relevant Heritage Schedule and standard heritage provisions. The Heritage Schedule should contain the schedule of items recommended in this study. Where places recommended for inclusion in this schedule are privately owned agreement of the owners must be sought.

5.10 Discussion on additional LEP Heritage Schedule listings The following table contains those places of special heritage significance recommended to be added to the future LEP Heritage Schedule. Order shown is according to type, and alphabetical within that. This does not imply any ranking.

This list will be revised after Council carries out a public and private advertising program. It should include:

1. Letters to all owners informing them of the recommendation and indicating the incentives that Council will introduce and or retain, and; 2. Public advertising and exhibition process through newspaper or Council newsletter articles, on exhibition at libraries, Council Chambers, public halls and other appropriate community locations.

5.11 Items to be recorded only All items and places included in this study, but not included in the Heritage Schedule should remain recorded on the SHI format for archival purposes.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 43 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

5.12 Proposed LEP Heritage Schedule The following places are recommended for inclusion in the Heritage Schedule of the new Young Shire LEP, provided there is no formal objection by the owners during the adoption process. Refer to SHI data for additional information and details. Existing listed items should remain on the LEP Heritage Schedule. It is proposed that the St Mary’s Catholic Church group and Young Showground group be listed as items in the LEP Heritage Schedule and that individual buildings within these groups be also listed separately.

The list is included in Appendix A in the Heritage Schedule format required by the Department of Planning.

A. BANKS & COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Place Statement of Significance AMP Building The former AMP building is an expression of the prosperity of (former) Young in the 1920s. It is also an element of the ongoing expansion of the business district of the town that occurred in the early to mid 20th century. The building is a fine example of the Inter-War Georgian Revival style. This style provided an expression of prosperity and stability. It is a landmark feature of Lovell Street. The former insurance company building has local historical and aesthetic significance, representativeness and a high degree of integrity. Bank of NSW The former Bank of New South Wales Koorawatha is an element of (former), 48 the development of the village in the early 20th century. It is also an Prince Street, early example of the Inter-war Georgian Revival Style. It has local Koorawatha historical and aesthetic significance, and representativeness. It has a high level integrity. Bank of NSW The current Westpac Bank was originally constructed by the Bank of (former), Young New South Wales as its first dedicated bank building in Young. The building has hosted banking activities for most of its more than 100 years of existence. Is representative of the development of Young in the late 19th century. The building has local historical significance, representativeness and a moderate degree of integrity. Burrangong Shire The former Burrangong Shire Council Chambers is part of the story Council of local government in Young Shire and is also an important element Chambers of the built landscape of Young. The building has associations with (former), Young the work of Burrangong Shire Council and its Councillors, and also associations with the successful law firm of Gordon Garling and Moffitt. It has local historical and historical association significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high degree of integrity. City Bank The former City Bank branch in Young was the first branch erected (Former), Young by this banking organisation. The former bank building is a modest example of the Victorian Second Empire style. The interior fittings of the former City Bank building are an early example of modular office design. The building has state historical and technical/research significance, local aesthetic significance, a state level of rarity and local representativeness. It has a high degree of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 44 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study B. CEMETERIES Place Statement of Significance Bendick Murrell The Bendick Murrell General Cemetery site was dedicated in 1924 to General Cemetery serve the Bendick Murrell district. The site appears to have been in use since the 1870s. Bendick Murrell General Cemetery is an important element of the story of Young Shire. It contains the remains of and memorials to generations of residents of the district. It has local historical and social significance, representativeness and a moderate level of integrity. Burrangong Burrangong Station Cemetery is an important element of the early (Quamby) development of Young Shire. It has been in use since the 1860s and Cemetery is the last resting place of early settler James White and Dennis Regan. It has local historical and historical association significance. The place is a substantially intact Victorian private cemetery that contains memorials of very high quality. It has local aesthetic, social and technical/research significance and is considered to possess a moderate level of archaeological potential. The cemetery has local rarity and representativeness and a high level of integrity. Koorawatha Koorawatha General Cemetery is an important element of the early General Cemetery development of the Village of Koorawatha and surrounding district. It has been in use since at least the 1860s and has numerous associations with persons who played a role in the development of the district. It has local historical and historical association significance. The place is a substantially intact Victorian cemetery that contains many gravestones and memorials representing various phases of fashion in memorial design. It also contains remnant Grassy Box Woodland and has local aesthetic significance. The cemetery is also an important element of the story of Young Shire. It contains the remains of, and memorials to, generations of residents of the district. For this reason it has local social significance. It has the potential to provide information about trends in the design of memorials and gravestones in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is considered to possess a high level of archaeological potential. It has local technical/research significance. The cemetery has local rarity and representativeness and a high level of integrity. Monteagle Monteagle General Cemetery is an important element of the early General development of the Village of Monteagle and surrounding district. It Cemetery has been in use since at least the 1880s and has numerous associations with persons who played a role in the development of the district. It has local historical and historical association significance. The place is a substantially intact Victorian cemetery that contains many gravestones and memorials representing various phases of fashion in memorial design. It also contains remnant Grassy Box Woodland and has local aesthetic significance. The cemetery is also an important element of the story of Young Shire. It contains the remains of, and memorials to, generations of residents of the district. For this reason it has local social significance. It has the potential to provide information about trends in the design of memorials and gravestones in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is considered to possess a high level of archaeological potential. It has local technical/research significance. The cemetery has local rarity and representativeness and a high level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 45 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

Murringo General Murringo General Cemetery is an important element of the early Cemetery development of the Village of Murringo and surrounding district. It has been in use since at least the 1850s and has numerous associations with persons who played a role in the development of the district. It has local historical and historical association significance. The place is a substantially intact Victorian cemetery that contains many gravestones and memorials representing various phases of fashion in memorial design. It has local aesthetic significance. It is also an important element of the story of Young Shire. It contains the remains of, and memorials to, generations of residents of the district. For this reason it has local social significance. It has the potential to provide information about trends in the design of memorials and gravestones in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is considered to possess a high level of archaeological potential. It has local technical/research significance. The cemetery has local rarity and representativeness and a high level of integrity. Young General Young General Cemetery is an important element of the early Cemetery development of the Town of Young and surrounding district. It has been in use since 1861 and has numerous associations with persons who played a role in the development of the district. It has local historical and historical association significance. The place is a substantially intact Victorian cemetery that contains many gravestones and memorials representing various phases of fashion in memorial design. It has local aesthetic significance. It is also an important element of the story of Young Shire. It contains the remains of, and memorials to, generations of residents of the district. For this reason it has local social significance. It has the potential to provide information about trends in the design of memorials and gravestones in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is considered to possess a high level of archaeological potential. It has local technical/research significance. The cemetery has local rarity and representativeness and a high level of integrity.

C. CHURCHES Place Statement of Significance Bribbaree Bribbaree Presbyterian Church and manse have associations with the Presbyterian practice of Presbyterianism and Lutheranism in the Bribbaree district. Church & Manse They also have associations with Miles Franklin Literary Award winning novelist Roger MacDonald. The group is one element of the development of Bribbaree that took place during the 1920s. The group has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. It also has local representativeness and a high level integrity. Bribbaree Uniting Bribbaree Uniting Church is a modest example of a Carpenter Gothic Church style church. The church is the focus of worship of the Uniting Church in Bribbaree, and an element of the mid 20th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level integrity. Catholic Church, The Catholic Church in Monteagle is a modest example of an Inter- Monteagle War Gothic style church. The church is a focus of worship of the Roman Catholic community of Monteagle, and an element of the mid 20th century development of the village. It has local historical,

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 46 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level integrity. Christ Church, Christ Church Murringo is a good example of a mid-Victorian Murringo Picturesque Gothic building constructed coursed rubble. The church is a focus of worship of the Murringo Anglican community, and an element of the mid 19th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance an technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. Church of St John The Church of St John the Evangelist and its story represent many of the Evangelist, the most significant phases of the development of Young and its Young surrounding districts. It is an imposing church building in Picturesque Gothic Style set in well maintained grounds. The building has associations with the practice of Anglicanism in Young that date back to the mid 1860s. It also has associations with a number of Young’s former prominent citizens, including G.S. Whiteman. The church has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, and local representativeness. It has a high level integrity. Church of St The Roman Catholic Church of St Patrick, Thuddungra was the focus Patrick (former), of worship of the Roman Catholic community of the Thuddungra Thuddungra district from 1894 and an element of the development of the locality. It is a pleasing example of a Victorian Carpenter Gothic style building The church has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social and technical/research significance. It is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level integrity. Sacred Heart Sacred Heart Catholic Church Murringo is a good example of a Mid Catholic Church, Victorian Picturesque Gothic building constructed in ashlar masonry. Murringo The church is a focus of worship of the Murringo Roman Catholic community, and an element of the mid 19th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level integrity. St Andrew’s St Andrew’s Anglican Church, Bendick Murrell is an example of a Anglican Church, Picturesque Gothic building constructed of coursed rubble. The Bendick Murrell church has been a focus of worship of the Bendick Murrell Anglican community for over 100 years. It is an important element of the early 20th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. St Brendan’s St Brendan’s Catholic Church, Milvale has local significance as a Catholic Church, centre of worship for Roman Catholics in the district. It was also Milvale constructed to serve as a community hall and retains this function and is a physical representation of the development of the Village of Milvale between 1916 and 1922. The church is also an example of the Inter-War Arts and Crafts style. St Brendan’s has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. It also has local representativeness and a high level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 47 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

St Columba’s St Columba’s Catholic Church, Bribbaree is the focus of worship of Catholic Church, the Roman Catholic community of the Bribbaree district, and an Bribbaree element of the late 20th century development of the village. The church has local historical, historical association and social significance. It is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level integrity. St Columba’s St Columba’s Catholic Church, Koorawatha is an impressive Catholic Church, example of an Inter-War Gothic style church. The church is a focus Koorawatha of worship of the Roman Catholic community of Koorawatha, and an element of the mid 20th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level integrity. St Luke’s St Luke’s Anglican Church, Thuddungra is a modest example of an Anglican Church, Inter-War Gothic style church and manse. The church was a focus of Thuddungra worship of the Anglican community of Thuddungra, and an element of 20th century development of the locality. The church grounds also contain a number of memorials. The building has local historical, historical association, and social significance and is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. St Matthew’s St Matthew’s Anglican Church, Bribbaree and manse are a modest Anglican Church example of an Inter-War Gothic style church and manse. The church & Manse, was a focus of worship of the Anglican community of Bribbaree, and Bribbaree an element of the mid 20th century development of the village. The group has local historical, historical association, and social significance and is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. St Mark’s St Mark’s Anglican Church, Monteagle is a beautiful example of a Anglican Church late Victorian Picturesque Gothic building constructed coursed stone. (former), Its Norman style bell tower gives it particular aesthetic significance. Monteagle The church has been a focus of worship of the Monteagle Anglican community for over 100 years and has also been used by Methodists to conduct Sunday Schools. It is an important element of the late 19th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. St Paul’s Anglican St Paul’s Anglican Church, Koorawatha is a pleasing example of a Church (former), late Victorian Picturesque Gothic building constructed of coursed Koorawatha stone. The church is a focus of worship of the Koorawatha Anglican community, and an element of the late 19th century development of the village. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. St Paul’s St Paul’s Presbyterian Church is a Gothic Revival style building Presbyterian constructed using local materials. It has associations with the practice Church, Young of Presbyterianism in Young and is an element of the development of Young in the 1920s. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 48 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

St Mary’s St Mary's Catholic Church group is an expression of the strength of Catholic Church community of Roman Catholics in Young. The complex represents group (Young) over 130 years of the development of Catholic religion and education in Young. The complex of buildings has direct associations with Reverend Monsignor Hennessy who is remembered as a builder and great public benefactor. The buildings in the group represent changes in architectural style during the development of the complex and all are pleasing examples of their type. They range from Victorian Picturesque Gothic St Mary's Church to the Victorian Italianate Presentation Nun's Convent and Inter-War Gothic St Joseph's Kindergarten to the Modernist style St Mary's War Memorial School designed by local architect Neville Lipman. The complex is the centre of worship and education for the district's Roman Catholics. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a high degree of integrity. St Mary’s Roman St Mary's Catholic Church has been an important element of the Catholic Church, landscape of Young since 1876. The ongoing extension and Young modification of the church reflect the growth of the town of Young and its district and the vigour of the local Roman Catholic community. The building has direct associations with Reverend Monsignor Hennessy who is remembered as a builder and great public benefactor. It also has associations with the Roman Catholic Community in Young. St Mary's Catholic Church is one of the great landmarks of Young. Its spire is one of the highest structures in the town and provides a visual focus from many points in the landscape. The building is also a fine example of the Victorian Gothic style. The church has been the centre of Roman Catholic worship in Young for over 130 years. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a high degree of integrity. St Mary’s The former St Mary's Presentation Convent Chapel was built for the Presentation Presentation Nuns who taught Catholic children in Young from 1886. Convent Chapel The building has associations with Catholic education and worship in (former), Young Young. It has direct associations with Reverend Monsignor Hennessy who is remembered as a builder and great public benefactor. It also has associations with the Presentation Sisters who were responsible for Catholic education for many years. Only two other Presentation Sisters convents have been given statutory listing in New South Wales. The building has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, and representativeness. It has a high degree of integrity. War Memorial The War Memorial Church of St James, Hampstead is a rare rural Church of St example of a Post-War Ecclesiastical style building and reflects the James, work of local architect Norman Lipman. It is also associated with the Hampstead practice of Anglicanism in the Milvale district. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local rarity, representativeness and a high level of integrity. Woodonga The former Woodonga Uniting Church is an elegant and almost Uniting Church unmodified example of an early 20th century Gothic country church. It also contains elements of the original Monteagle Church of England and represents the fine stonemasonry of Bill Simpson. It has associations with the practice of Methodism in the Monteagle and

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 49 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Woodonga districts. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and technical/research significance. The church is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. Young Uniting Young Uniting Church is a landmark Federation Free Style building, Church which has associations with the practice of Methodism and the rituals of the Uniting Church in Young and district. Together with its War Memorial Youth Centre it is an element of the 20th century development of Young. The church and memorial youth centre have local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, and local Representativeness. Both buildings have a high level of integrity.

D. HOMESTEADS & Associated Buildings Place Statement of Significance Calabash Calabash Homestead was constructed in the early 20th century as Homestead part of the development of the Calabash run. It is a very pleasing example of a Federation Bungalow and has retained its original finishes, including three different styles of Beard Watson wallpapers from the early 20th century. The property has state technical/research significance and local historical, historical association, aesthetic significance, rarity and representativeness. It has an exceptional level of integrity. East Milo East Milo Homestead was constructed in the 1950s to meet the Homestead needs of a growing family. It reflects the growth of rural areas that occurred after World War II. It was designed by architect Robin Boyd and is a very pleasing example of post-war bungalow in almost original condition. The building has local historical, historical association and aesthetic, and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Marengo Marengo Homestead and outbuildings represent the substantial Homestead remains of one of the district’s earliest pastoral runs. The property was taken up in 1827 and the original sections of the homestead date from 1860. The homestead has associations with a number of prominent local families, including the Malones who operated the property during the 1920s. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Milong Milong Homestead was constructed on the large and prosperous Homestead Milong run in two stages in 1903 and 1908. The original section was built in English Cottage style and the extension in Federation Arts and Crafts style. The homestead complex has local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high degree of integrity. Orizaba Orizaba Homestead and stables were constructed in the early 20th Homestead & century following subdivision of the Calabash run. The property has stables been owned and operated by the Parkman family since its establishment. The homestead is a very pleasing example of a large Federation Bungalow and the buildings on the property have the ability to demonstrate the function of a homestead complex in the early 20th century. The homestead complex has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 50 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance Quamby Quamby Homestead is an element of the development of the district Homestead that occurred in the 1860s after the Lambing Flat gold rush and the introduction of the Robinson Land Acts. It also served as a changing station on one of the district’s early coaching routes. The complex has direct associations with district pioneer Sarah Musgrave and is a relatively intact example of a Victorian homestead with separate kitchen block and pise stables. The pise stables have the potential to provide information on the construction of pise buildings in the mid 19th century. The homestead complex has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. The complex has a moderate degree of integrity. Waihemo Waihemo Homestead and outbuildings were constructed from the Homestead mid 19th century onwards. The slab-walled cottage behind the homestead possibly dates from the 1860s. The small slab-walled cottage on the property has the ability to demonstrate the construction of vernacular dwellings in the mid to late 19th century. The group has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Willawong Willawong Homestead and outbuildings were a creation of the Homestead break-up of the large Marengo run in the 1860s. Original sections of the homestead date from the 1860s. The property has associations with a number of prominent local families, including the Parkmans and Davidsons. It also has associations with the work of the Red Cross.The buildings on the property have the ability to demonstrate the function of a homestead complex in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The relatively intact suite of buildings, include a cool room, cellar and early wind-powered electricity generating and supply system It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity.

E. HOUSES & HUTS Place Statement of Significance Bungalow, 23 West Street, Bribbaree is representative of small weatherboard 23 West Street, houses constructed in the Riverina in the early 20th century. It is Bribbaree also one element of the development of Bribbaree. It has local historical significance and representativeness. It also possesses a high level of integrity. The Bungalow, The Bungalow was constructed by former Young Mayor, Young businessman and civic benefactor George Spencer Whiteman as his retirement home. It is a very pleasing example of a Federation bungalow set within a mature garden that features many original design elements. The building has local historical, historical association and aesthetic significance. It possesses a high level of integrity. Catholic St Columba’s Catholic Presbytery, Bribbaree is a large example of Presbytery an Edwardian Bungalow and is an element of the early development (former), of Bribbaree. The former presbytery also has associations with the Bribbaree practice of Catholicism in the Bribbaree district. The former presbytery has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 51 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance social significance. It also as local representativeness and a high level of integrity. Catholic The former Koorawatha Catholic Presbytery is an element of the Presbytery development of the village in the late 19th century. The house also (former), served as a residence for the Sisters of St Joseph when they Koorawatha conducted a school in Koorawatha. The building is representative of gentlemen’s residences built in the late 19th century and is also representative of the Roman Catholic community of Koorawatha. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social and technical/research significance. It is also considered to have local representativeness and a moderate level of integrity. Cottage, 5 Rose 5 Rose Street, Monteagle is a relatively intact example of a Street, Monteagle Victorian cottage and is one element of the development of the village in the late 19th century. It has local historical and aesthetic significance, rarity and representativeness. It also possesses a moderate level integrity. Court House The former courthouse located at 54 McLerie Street is apparently (former), 54 the second courthouse built in Young and was originally McLerie Street, constructed in 1874. It is a rare surviving example of an early Young timber courthouse and is also a good example of a mid-Victorian vernacular style building. It is also representative of the character of Young in the 1870s. It has state significance in relation to rarity and local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Scared Heart The former Sacred Heart Convent, Murringo is an element of the Convent (former), development of the village in the early 20th century. It also reflects Murringo the development of Catholic education in the district. The building has associations with the work of the Sisters of Mercy in the Murringo district. It is an almost unmodified example of a Federation Gothic building constructed in ashlar masonry. The building has local historical, historical association and aesthetic significance, representativeness and a high degree of integrity. St Mary’s The former St Mary's Presentation Convent was built for the Presentation Presentation Nuns who taught Catholic children in Young from Convent (former), 1886. The building has ongoing associations with Catholic Young education in Young. The building has direct associations with Reverend Monsignor Hennessy who is remembered as a builder and great public benefactor. It also has associations with the Presentation Sisters who were responsible for Catholic education for many years. The main convent building is a handsome Victorian Italianate structure built in the form of two villas. The structure of the building demonstrates the stages of growth of a Catholic Convent community during the 19th and 20th centuries. Only two other Presentation Sisters convents have been given statutory listing in New South Wales. The convent buildings have local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, and representativeness. They have a high degree of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 52 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study F. HOTELS & INNS Place Statement of Significance Imperial Hotel, The former Imperial Hotel, Elton Hills is an element of the Elton Hills development of the district in the late 19th century and is a rare (former) relatively intact Victorian Italianate hotel building. It has local historical and aesthetic association significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Koorawatha Hotel The Koorawatha Hotel was constructed in 1889 as the Railway Hotel and operated under this name until about 2005. The hotel has direct associations with Greek entrepreneur and philanthropist Nicholas Laurantis, and was the childhood home of retail entrepreneur Jerry Harvey. The Koorawatha Memorial Hall is a late 19th century Filigree style hotel building with intact verandahs and balconies. It occupies a landmark position on the corner of Boorowa and Railway Streets and is the largest building in Koorawatha. The hotel has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. It has a moderate level of integrity. Marengo Hotel The former Marengo Hotel has been an element of the village of (former) Murringo since 1862. It is representative of inns built in the region in the mid 19th century to service the needs of travelers. The building has a moderate level of integrity and has the potential to provide information on the construction of public houses in the mid 19th century. The former inn has local historical, historical association and technical/research significance, and representativeness. Old Plough Inn The Plough Inn has been an element of the village of Murringo since 1860. It is a rare local example of a Victorian Georgian style inn and is representative of inns built in the region in the mid 19th century to service the needs of travelers. The building has a high level of integrity and has the potential to provide information on the construction of public houses in the mid 19th century. The former inn has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and technical/research significance, representativeness and rarity. It has a high level of integrity. Railway Hotel, The Railway Hotel, Bribbaree is representative of hotels built in the Bribbaree late 19th and early 20th centuries to serve the needs of villages developed along railway routes. It is located at the commercial end of the village and has been a community gathering place since the 1930s. It has local historical, aesthetic and social significance, and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity.

G. INDUSTRIAL & FOOD PROCESSING Place Statement of Significance Blacksmith Shop The former blacksmith shop and residence are an element of the & residence, modest development that took place in Murringo after the Lambing Murringo Flat gold rushes. The buildings are fine examples of Victorian vernacular design and have the potential to provide information on the construction of vernacular buildings in the 1870s. The former blacksmith shop and residence are rare examples of a rural Victorian smithing business and dwelling. The buildings have local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. They also have a high degree of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 53 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

Phil Holmes Fruit The opening of the railway line from Harden in 1885 led to the Packing Shed establishment of a large and prosperous stone fruit industry around Young. During the next decades a number of large fruit packing sheds were built around the district. The Phil Holmes Fruit Packing Shed, constructed in concrete and stone, appears to have been constructed in the early 20th century. It possesses local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. Silknit Building The Silknit Building was constructed in 1942 to house a decentralized small arms factory under the control of the Ministry of Munitions. In 1944 it was converted to textile and clothing manufacture and continued to operate in this role well after World War II. It is a physical expression of Young’s role in World War II and is a rare local example of the Inter-War Functionalist style applied to a manufacturing facility. The building has local historical and aesthetic significance. It possesses a moderate level of integrity. Young The Young Fruitgrowers’ Cool Store is the principal facility Fruitgrowers’ developed by the Young Fruitgrowers Cool Stores Rural Co- Cool Stores operative Society Limited for the storage and distribution of stone fruits. The facility also hosted the Young Branch of the NSW Egg Marketing Board. The place also has associations with the Young Fruitgrowers Cool Stores Rural Co-operative Society Limited and some potential to provide information on the construction of industrial buildings in the mid 20th century. It has local historical, historical association, social and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level integrity. Young Poultry The former Young poultry chilling works building is an example of Chilling Works the processing enterprises established to handle the agricultural and th (former) pastoral production of the Young district in the mid 20 century. This centralized processing facility is one indicator of the large number of small pastoral and agricultural ventures that were established in the district after the First and Second World Wars. The building is an excellent local example of the Functionalist style of architecture and is representative of the body of work of local architect N.L. Lipman. The building has local historical and aesthetic significance. It possesses local significance in relation to representativeness and a moderate level of integrity. Young Prune The former Young Prune Store was developed as a major Store (former) component of the marketing and distribution infrastructure for the district’s prune crop. The building has associations with the Young District Co-operative Producers’ Association. The former prune store is representative of the development of the stone fruit industries of the Young district. It has local historical and historical association, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Young Roller Young Roller Flour Mill is the last remaining co-operative flour Flour Mill mill in New South Wales. It is an important element of the agricultural, commercial and industrial infrastructure of Young and has been so since 1890. It has direct associations with its founders, directors and shareholders, many of whom were leading figures in the development of commerce and agriculture in Young. The mill contains early roller milling technology and has the potential to provide information on the construction and operation of small roller flour mills. It has local historical, historical association,

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 54 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study aesthetic, social and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a high degree of integrity.

H. MEMORIALS Place Statement of Significance Anderson Park Anderson Park and the Anderson Park War Memorial recognise War Memorial people of the district who served in the Second World War. They also recognise the service and achievements of Lieutenant Colonel Charles Anderson VC. The park and obelisk have state historical association significance and state representativeness. The Anderson Park Memorial has direct associations with the role of the Young district in the Second World War. It is also representative of the development of the Town of Young during the mid 20th century and occupies a prominent position in front of the Young Railway Station. The obelisk is a fine example of Art Deco design. The memorial has local historical, aesthetic and social significance and a high level of integrity. Bribbaree War The Bribbaree War Memorial has direct associations with the role Memorial of the Bribbaree district in the First World War. It is also representative of the development of the village of Bribbaree up to 1922. It records the names of men of the Bribbaree district who died in World War I and honours those who served in World War II, Korea, Malaya and Vietnam. The memorial is a pleasing example of a monument erected using local skills and resources. It possesses local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, representativeness and integrity. Crowther Park The Crowther War Memorial has direct associations with the role of War Memorial the Crowther district in the First and Second World Wars. It records the names of those who served in both wars. The World War I memorial is a pleasing example of a small monument erected during the 1920s. The World War II memorial carries the name of C. G. Anderson, the first person from Burrangong Shire to be awarded the Victoria Cross. The memorial possesses local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, representativeness and integrity. Koorawatha War Koorawatha War Memorial Park was developed in the late 1940s to Memorial Park serve as a memorial for those who served in World War I and World War II. It was developed to contain community tennis courts and picnic facilities. The park has continued to be developed by community endeavour. It has local historical and social significance, representativeness and a moderate level of integrity.

I. MINING LANDSCAPES Place Statement of Significance Blackguard and Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully is a remaining element of the Garibaldi Gully extensive alluvial workings that were the result of the 1860s gold rushes and subsequent hydraulic sluicing activity. The gully also saw the disturbances of February 1861 and was subsequently the area to which Chinese miners were restricted. The Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully Gold Diggings are representative of the extensive gold workings that were developed around Young in the mid to late 19th century. The site has state historical and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a moderate

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 55 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance level of integrity. Chinaman’s Dam The Chinaman’s Dam Reserve was developed in recognition of the Reserve contribution of the Chinese community to the settlement of Young in the 1860s and the ongoing contribution of the Chinese people to Australia as a Nation. The site was developed as a water supply for alluvial mining in Young and was later used for Chinese market gardening. It also served as an important part of the railway infrastructure of the district from 1885 to 1936. The Gardens also have associations with the work of the Rotary Club of Young and the Chinese community of Young. The Gardens have local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. The Gardens have a high level of integrity. Krebs Lane Gold The Krebs Lane Gold Diggings are a remaining element of the Diggings extensive alluvial workings that were the result of the 1860s gold rushes and subsequent hydraulic sluicing activity. The site represents the various phases of alluvial gold mining that were undertaken in Young. The site has local historical and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a high level of integrity.

Milkmans Creek The Milkmans Gully Gold Diggings represent an incomplete Workings archaeological record of a former alluvial gold mining landscape that appears to have been worked using common sluicing techniques. They are a remaining element of the extensive alluvial workings that were the result of the 1860s gold rushes and subsequent sluicing activity. The site has local historical and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a moderate level of integrity.

J. PHYSICAL FEATURES Place Statement of Significance Koorawatha Falls Koorawatha Falls is a significant natural feature that has served as a recreational area for the people of Koorawatha and district for well over 100 years. The falls have local historical, aesthetic and social significance, and representativeness. They also have a high degree of integrity. Tout Park Scenic Tout Park is one feature of the Monteagle-Wirrimah Scenic Road Lookout that was developed during the Great Depression. It is as an element of the development of the district’s roads and also a reminder of the employment schemes implemented during the depression. The park was dedicated to the memory of former Burrangong Shire Council Mayor Robert Henry Tout. The park and lookout are set on a prominent vantage point on Crowther Range and have extensive views from Monteagle to Koorawatha. The park has local historical and aesthetic significance, and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 56 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study K. POST OFFICES, POLICE STATIONS & UTILITIES Place Statement of Significance Court House Young's former courthouse is a fine example of a judicial building (former), designed in the Victorian Classical style of architecture. Further, Campbell Street, with its central, double height court room flanked by single storey Young office wings, the building displays the main characteristics of general courthouse design during a number of decades of the nineteenth century. The structure reflects the imposing nature of courthouses constructed during the Victorian era. The courthouse was built during the period of Young's consolidation following the town's initial history as a leading goldfield. Also, the building is associated with the hectic period of Public Works Department construction activity during the 1870s and 1880s when courthouses were often impressive structures built sometimes without adequate regard for the communities concerned. The building possesses aesthetic qualities and is an important part of the townscape, having a prominent facade and being located opposite the town's main public park. Hancock’s Store, Hancock’s Store has been an element of the village of Murringo Murringo since the 1850s. It is a rare local example of the Victorian Georgian (former) style and is representative of small shops built in the region in the mid 19th century. The building has a high level of integrity and has the potential to provide information on the construction of commercial buildings in the mid 19th century. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and technical/research significance, representativeness and rarity. It has a high level of integrity. Koorawatha The Koorawatha Police Station is an element of the development of Police Station the village in the late 19th century. The complex of buildings is an intact example of a late Victorian government residence with attached police office, cells and exercise yard. The complex has local historical and aesthetic significance. It also possesses local rarity, representativeness and a high level of integrity. Koorawatha Post The former Koorawatha Post Office was constructed in 1912 to Office (former) serve the growing postal and telegraphic needs of the locality following the construction of the Koorawatha to Grenfell branch line railway. The building hosted a telephone exchange from 1914 and functioned as a post office until 1984. It is an important part of the story of communication in the Koorawatha district and is representative of the development of Koorawatha during the early 20th century. It is a rare local example of Federation Free Style architecture and a prominent feature of Boorowa Street. It has local historical and aesthetic significance, representativeness and a high degree of integrity. Murringo Police Murringo Police Barracks is an element of the development of the Barracks (former) village in the late 19th century. The complex includes a late Victorian police residence and police station. The buildings have associations with a number of Murringo families including the Pattersons and Batkins. The original buildings have local historical, historical association and aesthetic significance. It also possesses local rarity, representativeness and a moderate level integrity. Young Court The present Young Court House is the fourth building to serve this House purpose in Young and has served its purpose for over 80 years. It is the second court house to occupy the site on the corner of Lynch and Cloete Streets. Young Court House is a pleasing example of the

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 57 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance Inter-War Georgian Revival style. The building has local historical and aesthetic significance, and representativeness. It has a high degree of integrity. Young Fire The building is held in high regard for its links with the local Station community especially the families of volunteers/retained firemen. It has historical association with the local community since commencing its operation. Young Post Office The Young Post Office has served this role since its construction in 1878. The building is an important element of the late 19th century development of Young. He Post Office is representative of the development of Young since the 1860s. It has local historical significance and representativeness. The building ha a moderate degree of integrity.

L. PUBLIC HALLS & SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Place Statement of Significance Bendick Murrell Bendick Murrell Memorial Hall is representative of community Memorial Hall halls built as memorials to those who served in World War I and World war II and is also representative of the endeavour of the people of Bendick Murrell who worked towards its construction. It also has associations with the work of many organisations in the Bendick Murrell district. It has local historical, historical association, social significance and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Bribbaree Bribbaree Memorial Hall is representative of community halls built Memorial Hall as memorials to those who served in World War I and World War II and is also representative of the endeavour of the people of Bribbaree who worked towards its construction. It also has associations with the work of many organisations in the Bribbaree district, including the Pastoral and Agricultural Society and C.W.A. It has local historical, historical association, social significance and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Burrangong The former Burrangong Lodge St John was founded in 1862 and the Lodge St. John hall in Zouch Street constructed in 1888. The Lodge operated from (former) this building for over 110 years. The building has direct associations with the Burrangong Lodge St John and its former members, many of whom were influential figures in the development of Young. It was also visited by NSW Governor Lord Carrington. It is a prominent example of Victorian Free Classical style architecture. It also retains most of its Masonic interior fittings. The building has local historical, historical association and aesthetic, social and technical/research significance. It possesses a high level of integrity. Koorawatha Koorawatha Memorial Hall, and the site on which it stands, has Memorial Hall functioned as a place of community gathering, entertainment and celebration for over 100 years. The hall has functioned as a dance venue, cinema and assembly room and is an important element of the story of the village. It has local historical, historical association, social significance and Representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 58 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

Koorawatha The Koorawatha Regional Rooms is representative of Schools of Regional Rooms Arts and literary institutes built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is also representative of the endeavour of the people of Koorawatha who worked towards its construction. The building has served as a venue for many of Koorawatha’s social and cultural associations. It has also provided facilities for a library, women’s health centre and playgroups. The building has local historical, historical association and social significance. It is also considered to have local representativeness and a high level of integrity. Maimuru Tennis Maimuru Tennis Club has local historical significance as an Club element of the Maimuru Soldier Settlement Scheme. The Tennis Club building was originally constructed as a Methodist Church in the late 1930s. The tennis club precinct has functioned as a place of community gathering, entertainment and celebration for over 80 years. The place has local historical, historical association and social significance, and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Murringo Murringo Memorial Hall and Mechanics Institute are representative Memorial Hall & of community halls built by small communities to enhance their Mechanics cultural life and as memorials to those who served in World War I. Institute They are also representative of the endeavour of the people of Murringo and district over a period of 28 to have the halls constructed. The buildings have associations with the work of many organisations in the Murringo district, including the Pride of Marengo Grand United Order of Oddfellows. The halls have local historical, historical association, social significance and representativeness. They have a high level of integrity. Southern Cross The former Southern Cross Hall is part of the legacy of built Hall, Young heritage left to the town of Young by long-serving Catholic cleric the Reverend Monsignor Hennessy. The building is directly associated with his service to the town, and with the development and practice of Roman Catholicism in Young. It is one element of the development of Young in the early to mid 20th century and is also a testament to the strength of the Roman Catholic community in the town. The building has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, and representativeness. It possesses a high level of integrity. Temperance Hall The Sons and Daughters of Temperance Society constructed the (Former), Young Temperance Hall in 1884. It is an element of the early development of Young and its social institutions. The building has local historical and historical association significance, rarity and representativeness. Thuddungra Thuddungra Memorial Hall has local historical significance as an Memorial Hall element of the development of the locality in the mid 20th century. It is representative of community halls built as memorials to those who served in World War II and is also representative of the endeavour of the people of Thuddungra who worked towards its construction. It has local historical, historical association, social significance and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Wirrimah Wirrimah Hall and recreation ground have local historical Community Hall significance as elements of Wirrimah Soldier Settlement Scheme. & recreation The hall has particular associations with the development of the ground scheme, having served for at least 10 years as the government

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 59 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study supply store for Wirrimah Soldier Settlers. The place has local historical and social significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Young Regional The Young Regional Library building has hosted library services Library for the people of Young since its construction in 1904 and is one of the oldest continuously operating library buildings in New South Wales. It has direct associations with the philanthropic work of businessman G.S. Whiteman and with the work of the former Young School of Arts. It is also a subdued example of the Federation Free Classical Style of architecture. The building has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. It possesses a moderate level of integrity. Young Town Hall Young Town Hall, including the 1870s Mechanics Institute, is one of the most important buildings in the town of Young. It has associations with local government in Young dating from 1888. The site also hosted the first electricity generating plant in the British Empire to supply electricity for both street and domestic lighting. The building was extended in the 1920s to accommodate Council offices. The extension incorporated a memorial to those who served in World War I. The building has state historical, historical association, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has local social significance.

M. RAILWAYS Place Statement of Significance Bendick Murrell The Bendick Murrell grain elevator is a significant item in the S016 Grain landscape of Bendick Murrell. It is a visual icon of the importance Elevator of rail and grain handling in the story of the village and helps to define its character. The grain elevator has local historical, aesthetic and technical research significance. It also has a high level of integrity and representativeness. Koorawatha The Koorawatha railway water tank is part of a system developed Railway Water for providing water to steam locomotives in the early 20th century. Tank This system included the Koorawatha railway weir and associated supply pipes. It is also one of the few identifiable features of the railway infrastructure developed at Koorawatha in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has local historical and technical/research significance, local representativeness and a high level of integrity. Koorawatha The Koorawatha (Bang Bang Creek) railway weir is a significant Railway Weir feature of the railway infrastructure developed at Koorawatha. The weir is part of a system developed for providing water to steam locomotives in the early 20th century. This system included the Koorawatha railway water tank and associated supply pipes. It was also a favoured swimming place and recreational facility. The weir has local historical, social and technical/research significance, representativeness and a high level of integrity. Milvale S041 The Milvale S041 grain elevator is a significant item in the Grain Elevator landscape of Milvale and district. It is a visual representation of the developments that led to the transformation of the western sections of Young Shire in the 1920s. It was one of the first modern concrete silos constructed in the Young Shire in the 1920s and is closely associated with the expansion of agricultural activity in the Young Shire. The grain elevator has local historical, aesthetic and technical research significance. It also has a high level of integrity and

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 60 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance representativeness. Milvale Railway The Milvale railway water tank is part of a system developed for Water Tank providing water to steam locomotives in the early 20th century. It is also one of the few identifiable features of the railway infrastructure developed at Milvale in this period. It has local historical and technical/research significance, local representativeness and a high level of integrity. Young Railway Young station complex represents a major first class Victorian Station group terminus station on a single line with significant contribution to the townscape. Its steep gable roofs, symmetry and Gothic inspiration make it an architecturally interesting and unique station building. The building form is of a major civic building of local importance, situated on a rise overlooking the town and adjacent to Anderson Park. The vista both to and from the building forms an integral part of the townscape and is included in the nomination. The complex represents the importance of early railway construction to the local community by the scale of the building and the grandeur of the vision of railway expansion that was in full flight in the 1880's. The former gatekeepers cottage (now sold), located opposite the station, is in its original form, which is contiguous with the station building and enhances the station and environs. The overbridges are good examples of timber structures that were once prevalent but are now increasingly rare. They were extensively used throughout the State for both major and minor crossings of railway lines.

N. ROADS & BRIDGES Place Statement of Significance Clifton Bridge Clifton Bridge represents the improvements undertaken on regional roads in the late 19th Century. It is also an early example of the application of the improved style of timber bridge construction developed by engineer Percy Allan in 1894. It is representative timber bridges constructed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. It has local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Lynch Street The Lynch Street bridge is one of many such structures that have Bridge provided vehicle and pedestrian access across Burrangong Creek. The bridge has carried the main road linking the northern and southern sides of the town since 1955 and replaced two previous timber structures. The bridge is a pleasing example of the Moderne style prominent in the mid 20th century. The bridge has local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Milkmans Creek The Milkmans Creek bridge is are rare surviving example of Bridge vernacular 19th century transport infrastructure in the Young district. The bridge carried the Temora Road over Milkmans Creek from the mid 1860s until the mid 20th century. It has local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity. Sarah Musgrave The Burrangong Creek bridge is one of many such structures that Bridge have provided vehicle and pedestrian access across Burrangong Creek. The bridge has carried the main road linking the northern

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 61 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance and southern sides of the town since 1932. It is a pleasing example of the Art Deco style prominent in the 1930s and 1940s and is an example of reinforced concrete construction employed in the mid 20th century. The bridge has local historical, aesthetic and technical/research significance, and representativeness. It has a high level of integrity.

O. SCHOOLS Place Statement of Significance Koorawatha The former Koorawatha Convent School is as an element of the Convent School development of the village in the early 20th century and has (former) associations with the work of the Sisters of St Joseph. It is a modest example of a late Victorian Picturesque Gothic building and a rare example of a school building converted into a piggery. The former school has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance. It also possesses local rarity, representativeness and a moderate level of integrity. Koorawatha Koorawatha Public School is a public school building of standard Public School design that has been an important part of the fabric of the community of Koorawatha since 1887. The school has local historical, aesthetic and social significance and technical/research significance. It also has local representativeness and a moderate level of integrity. Sacred Heart Sacred Heart Catholic School, Murringo is an element of the School (former), development of the village of Murringo in the early 20th century. It Murringo is also an important element of the built heritage of Young Shire connected to Catholic Education. The school is a restrained example of Inter-War Arts and Crafts style school building that illustrates the design principles applied to school buildings in this era by the Catholic Church. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic, social significance and representativeness. It also has a moderate level integrity. Murringo Public Murringo Public School is the oldest school in the Young district, School having been in continuous operation since 1860. The school is also operating in a school building constructed for this purpose in 1869. The school residence is a pleasing example of Victorian Colonial style architecture and the original school building is a Victorian Picturesque Gothic structure. Murringo Public School has served the community of Murringo on the same site since 1860 and continues to be an important element of the social infrastructure of Murringo. The 1869 school room and school residence have the potential to provide information on the construction of stone buildings in the mid 19th century. The school buildings have local historical, aesthetic, social and technical/research significance, rarity, representativeness and a moderate degree of integrity. St Joseph’s St Joseph's Kindergarten was constructed in 1934 to expand the Kindergarten capacity of the Catholic education establishment in Young. It (former), Young continues to support Catholic education. The building has direct associations with Reverend Monsignor Hennessy who is remembered as a builder and great public benefactor. The former St Joseph's Kindergarten is a pleasing example of the Inter- Mediterranean style. It has local historical, historical association,

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 62 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Place Statement of Significance aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has a high degree of integrity. St Mary’s War St Mary's War Memorial School was constructed in 1955 to meet Memorial School, the growing needs of Catholic education in Young. The building is Young part of the body of work of local architect Neville Lipman. It also has associations with Catholic education in Young. St Mary's War Memorial School is a pleasing example of post-war modernist design and is representative of the development and post-war growth of Catholic education in Young. It has local historical, historical association and aesthetic significance, rarity and representativeness. St Mary's War Memorial School has a high degree of integrity. Young Gaol The remaining gaol sections, and in particular the arched gateway (former) (Young dating from 1876, form a striking element in the streetscape, facing College of TAFE) Young's principal public park (Criterion E.1). The group has importance as an example of a gaol entranceway and residence dating from the latter part of the nineteenth century. Young Public The former Young Primary School, built in 1884, has a long School (former) association with education in the Young community. It also is associated with the increase in government involvement in the provision of public education in New South Wales at the expense of support for denominational schools in the late nineteenth century. With its asymmetry, bell tower and bracketed eaves the building reflects well the characteristics of a school built in the Victorian Italianate style. The south facade with its distinctive bell tower is a streetscape element of importance. The complex's aesthetic qualities are enhanced by the mature garden at the headmaster's residence.

P. SHOPS & SERVICE STATIONS Place Statement of Significance Birch’s Store Birch’s Store was constructed in the late 1870s by gold miners (former) working on ground sluicing activities in the otherwise abandoned Burrangong Creek gold diggings. The house hosted a Sunday School and general store in the late 19th century. It is one of few remaining buildings connected to gold mining activity in Young. The building also has the potential to provide information on pise construction methods in the 19th century. The building has local historical, social and technical/research significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Grant’s Store The former Grant’s Store is an element of the village of Murringo (former) constructed in the late 19th century. It has local historical significance and a moderate level of integrity. Millard Centre The Millard Centre is the most visible element of the built legacy of the Millard family and the company W.S. Millard & Sons. It is also one of the principal elements of the commercial development of Young that occurred in the early 20th century. The building has direct associations with the Millard family and with the firm W.S. Millard & Sons. It is a landmark building constructed in a style reminiscent of Federation Warehouse style design and is iconic of the development of retail trade in Young. It is also a rare surviving example of a multi-storey department store complex constructed in a regional centre. The Millard Centre has state historical

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 63 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study significance and rarity, and local historical association, aesthetic and social significance, and representativeness. It also has a high degree of integrity. Schmidt’s Schmidt’s Chambers has hosted retail businesses since its Chambers construction in the 1920s. The building and its function represent an important aspect of the development of the town of Young. The building bears the name of gold miner and early retailer Joseph Schmidt and is situated on a site associated with his business ventures since 1871. The building has local historical, historical association and aesthetic significance. It possesses a moderate level of integrity.

Q. WOOLSHEDS & SHEARERS’ QUARTERS Place Statement of Significance Orizaba Orizaba Woolshed is an element of the development of the area that Woolshed occurred during the early 20th century and has direct associations with the Parkman family. It illustrates the ongoing modifications applied to woolsheds to accommodate increasing mechanization of sheep shearing and associated changes in work practices. The woolshed has local historical, historical association and technical/research significance, representativeness and a moderate level of integrity. Waihemo Waihemo Shearers Quarters are an element of the pastoral Shearers’ development of the Murringo area during the boom years of the th Quarters early 20 century. They also illustrate the elements and layout of shearers’ quarters of the early 20th century and are representative of early 20th century shearers’ accommodation in the district. They have local historical and technical/research significance, rarity, representativeness and a high level of integrity. Willawong Willawong Shearers Quarters are an element of the pastoral Shearers’ development of the Murringo and Douglas Gap area during the Quarters boom years of the 1920s. They also illustrate the elements and layout of shearers’ quarters of the early 20th century and are representative of early 20th century shearers’ accommodation in the district. They have local historical and technical/research significance, rarity, representativeness and a high level of integrity. Willawong Willawong Woolshed is an element of the development of the area Woolshed that occurred during the second half of the 19th century. It is also representative of 19th century woolsheds in the district and illustrates the modifications applied to woolsheds in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to accommodate increasing mechanization of sheep shearing. It has local historical and technical/research, representativeness and a high level of integrity.

R. SUNDRY Place Statement of Significance Bribbaree Bribbaree Recreation Ground is an element of the development of Recreation the village in the 20th century. It has been a gathering point for Ground people of the district and also represents the community effort required for its establishment. The recreation ground has local historical and social significance. It is also considered to have local representativeness and a moderate level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 64 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

Milong Flats The circular stable at Milong Flats is a stable and granary that was Circular Stable constructed in the early 20th century to support agricultural and pastoral activity on the large Milong run. It appears to have been used to stable draught horses used on the property. The circular stable illustrates the construction and modification of vernacular agricultural and pastoral buildings in the late 19th and early 20th century. It is a rare surviving circular stable and granary built using vernacular methods. It has local historical and technical/research significance, rarity, representativeness, and a moderate degree of integrity. Trengrove Park Trengrove Park Grandstand is an element of the development of the Grandstand village in the early 20th century. The grandstand was part of the facilities developed for horse racing in Koorawatha and is part of the village’s showground infrastructure. It has associations with the Trengrove family and with horse racing organisations. It also has an association with Australian and Empire boxing champion Ron Richards. The grandstand is a relatively rare example of a Federation era Carpenter Style grandstand. It has local historical, historical association, aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. It has a moderate level of integrity. Young The Young Showground site is the third and longest serving Showground showground site in the town, having been developed from 1895. precinct Among other things the site served as barracks and training grounds during World War II. It also has associations with the work of the Young Pastoral and Agricultural Association. The site has local historical, historical association and social significance, rarity and representativeness. The showground has a high level of integrity. Art Hall, Young The Art Hall at Young Showground is one of the oldest structures Showground on the site and is representative of the endeavours of the Young Pastoral and Agricultural Association. It is also a Federation era building with some Dutch and Flemish influences. It has local historical. aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. The building also has a high level of integrity. Cattle & Sheep The Sheep Pavilion and Cattle Shed at Young Showground were Pavilions, Young constructed in the 1930s. They are representative of the endeavours Showground of the Young Pastoral and Agricultural Association. The buildings have local social significance, rarity and representativeness. The building also has a moderate level of integrity. Grandstand, The Young Showground Grandstand, or John Forsythe Pavilion, is Young part of the infrastructure of Young Showground and is Showground representative of the endeavours of the Young Pastoral and Agricultural Association. It has local social significance, rarity and representativeness. The grandstand also has a high level of integrity. Main Pavilion, The Main Pavilion at Young Showground is one of the oldest Young structures on the site. Extensions to the building reflect the ongoing Showground development of the showground. It is a Federation era building, which has had a number of reasonably sympathetic additions and is representative of the endeavours of the Young Pastoral and Agricultural Association. The pavilion has local historical. aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. The building also has a moderate level of integrity.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 65 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study

Stan Lowe The Stan Lowe Pavilion at Young Showground is one of the oldest Pavilion, Young structures on the site. It is a Federation era building and is Showground representative of the endeavours of the Young Pastoral and Agricultural Association. It has local historical. aesthetic and social significance, rarity and representativeness. The building also has a moderate level of integrity.

S. MOVABLE ITEMS Item Statement of Significance Roll Up Banner The Roll-Up Banner was carried by protesting miners in the series of disturbances that took place on the Burrangong Gold Fields in 1861. These events are claimed to be one of the contributing factors that led to the restriction of Chinese immigration into New South Wales in the late 19th century. The banner has associations with the McCarthy family and their descendents, and with the Miners Protective League that was established on the Burrangong Gold Field in February 1862. It is a potent symbol of Young’s turbulent beginnings and is held in high regard by the local population. It is also a symbol of the populist movements of the late 19th century that led to the establishment of the White Australia Policy in the 20th century. The banner is representative of Chartist marching banners made in the 19th century. It has state (or national) historical, aesthetic, and social significance, rarity and representativeness. It also has local historical association significance.

5.13 Recommendations for State Heritage Register listings In addition to the items in Young Shire currently on the State Heritage Register the following places are recommended to be nominated to the NSW Heritage Branch Department of Planning as places of State significance.

1) Calabash Homestead, 332 Douglas Gap Road, Murringo 2) Old Plough Inn, 24 Murringo Gap Road, Murringo 3) Blackguard and Garibaldi Gully Gold Diggings, Whiteman Avenue, Young 4) Chinaman’s Dam Reserve, 59 Pitstone Road, Young 5) Church of St John the Evangelist, 19 Cloete Street, Young 6) Krebs Lane Gold Diggings, Krebs Lane, Young 7) Millard Centre, 192 Boorowa Street, Young 8) Old Court House, 54 McLerie Street, Young 9) Roll Up Banner, Lambing Flat Folk Museum, Wombat Street, Young 10) St Marys Catholic Church, Ripon Street, Young 11) Young Regional Library, 31 Lynch Street, Young 12) Young Town Hall, 189-201 Boorowa Street, Young

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 66 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 5.13 General management recommendations The co-ordinator has formulated general management recommendations to cover many of the broad circumstances that will arise on each site. To what extent the management strategy needs to be applied to the heritage item, or its curtilage, varies from place to place. In some cases this is obvious, while in others it is important to define the extent of the item or area to which the above policy applies. If there is doubt the Council’s Heritage Advisor’s advice should be sought in the particular case.

5.14 Notification to owners Owners of potential items should be notified in writing. Before a new LEP is completed, each owner should be advised if their place was recommended for listing in the new LEP. At this stage some owners may write and ask for their place to be withdrawn from any listing. If this occurs the SHI data information should still be retained by council.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 67 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 6. Proposed Conservation Zone It is proposed that an urban Conservation Zone be established in Central Young. This would cover the central business district and have boundaries at the railway line in the north, Cloete Street in the south, Zouch Street in the east and west of Clarke Street in the west.

Figure 6.1: Proposed Young Urban Heritage Conservation Area.

The purpose of this zone is to establish a mechanism to retain the heritage character of Young’s commercial district by establishing a dialogue between property owners and Council in relation to alteration of building exteriors by utilising the compulsory Heritage Conservation clauses in the Department of Planning draft LEP template.

The compulsory Heritage Conservation clauses of the draft LEP template have a stated objective to ‘conserve the heritage significance of heritage items and heritage conservation areas including associated fabric, settings and views’. These clauses contain the following provisions relevant to heritage conservation areas:

(2) Requirement for consent Development consent is required for any of the following: (a) demolishing or moving a heritage item or building work, relic or tree within a heritage conservation area. (f) erecting a building on land on which a heritage item is located or that is within a heritage conservation area. (g) subdividing land on which a heritage item is located or that is within a heritage conservation area.

(4) Heritage impact assessment The consent authority may, before granting consent to any development on land; (b) within a conservation area,

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 68 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study require a heritage impact statement to be prepared that assesses the extent to which the carrying out of the proposed development would affect the heritage significance of the heritage item or heritage conservation area concerned.

A schedule of items that contribute to the character of this zone, and that should be specifically covered by the above controls, is included as Appendix B to this report.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 69 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 7. Proposed Management Strategies The purpose of this section is to identify management strategies and make recommendations by which the Council can assist in the management and conservation of the significant cultural heritage places that have been highlighted by this study. These planning tools will generally be contained within the model provisions of the Heritage Provisions for LEP. They are noted here as being particularly useful or relevant to Young Shire.

7.1 Development Control Plans Young currently has a comprehensive Development Control Plan (DCP) for heritage development (refer to Section 4.5). It is recommended that the controls included in this DCP should be translated into Development Control Plans prepared as supporting documents to the new LEP.

Recommendations: New Development Control Plans to include comprehensive guidelines for heritage development.

7.2 Consultation with owners The owners of Heritage Items should be consulted before any additional listings are made and at the same time told about any incentives that the Council has available now or may adopt in the future. i.e. acceptance of listing may be conditional upon Council providing incentive.

At the conclusion of this study, and after the adoption of any new incentives, Council should consider the development of a package or brochure to be sent to each owner confirming the status of heritage places and encouraging them to take advantage of the assistance provided by Young Shire Council and the Heritage Branch.

Recommendations: Owners of heritage items be kept informed on available funding assistance and other incentives (tax, rates etc) that may assist them. Owners of heritage items continue to have access to information on appropriate conservation measures.

7.3 Site specific management recommendations For items covered by the SHI forms there is generally a clause that allows for site specific recommendations, and the extent that the recommendation applies to should be specified if necessary, (eg whole of building, whole site, or just part of it). These recommendations are listed below:

Archaeological recommendations: i) Notify the Planners about any process that will substantially alter the landscape, e.g. dam, road widening, altered agricultural practices, trench digging, quarrying ... or is potentially a threat to the archaeological site.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 70 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study ii) Seek advice if any of the above threats are likely to occur in the vicinity of the item, and have the threat assessed. If a study is necessary it should be along Conservation Plan guidelines. iii) Encourage active recording of information for cemeteries and isolated graves.

All sites: historical and archaeological sites iv) Keep buildings in good order. v) Record, photograph, research any changes. vi) Ensure that new owners are advised of the Cultural significance of the site. vii) Encourage collections of moveable heritage to stay together with the building or place eg. furniture with homestead, plant with woolshed. viii) Produce, or make available publicly, interpretive information that will enable people to appreciate the sites. ix) Draw up conservation plans. or interim Management Plans for important sites.

7.4 Management Plans Where the building or place is of State significance, or is a complex site requiring more detailed and tailored management, a Conservation Management Plan should be drawn up. This can be a document from a few pages to many volumes. It is generally carried out by a heritage professional, or group of professionals.

The costs of such documents are not inconsiderable and if the place is of State Significance then the Heritage office provides $2,500 assistance on a dollar for dollar basis.

Recommendation : Council to assist owners with guidelines and/or contacts to draw up Conservation Management Plans for items that are formally listed as State Significant.

7.5 Interim Management Plans With all places of State Significance a Conservation Management Plan is recommended. However if this document presents a difficult cost burden to owners it may have to be postponed until resources such as grants can be accessed. In the mean time it is important that owners and Council alike are aware of what such a level of Heritage listing will mean in their future plans, and assist owners through the services of their Heritage Adviser, heritage experienced Planner or other heritage professional to draw up an agreement as an interim management strategy.

This ‘plan’ should be a user friendly document that is contained in no more than a four or five page document, using every day language, and enabling the owner’s rights and the Heritage Place to be protected.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 71 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Recommendation : Council to participate with owners in preparing an Interim Heritage Management Agreement for all items that are formally listed as State Significant.

7.6 Heritage Advisor Young Shire Council should establish a heritage advisory service.

Recommendation: Young Shire Council establish a Heritage Advisory service.

7.7 Mapping, location and curtilage Heritage listed places should be connected to the Council’s Property system, which will automatically provide a prominent method (eg an icon) to indicate the presence of an heritage item. This will alerting the council officer using the program where there is a heritage item, or that there is a heritage item in the vicinity. This will enable more effective management and awareness of heritage items.

Recommendation: Map all Heritage Inventory Items electronically and show their location on the LEP map.

7.8 Access to Heritage Items Care should be taken to generally protect heritage items from unwanted visitation. Public access should only be with willing owners consent, even if public assistance is given to the item.

Occasionally grants are made conditional upon public access being provided, and in that case, access would naturally be acceptable to the owner, as part of accepting the grant. Sometimes conservation of an item depends strongly on minimal or only supervised contact (as with many Aboriginal sites or Archaeological sites) and where visitors would interfere with the normal workings of a property.

Recommendation: Access to Heritage sites must not be taken for granted and should be always carefully considered with reference to the owners consent and opinions and needs and the sensitivity of the particular place.

7.9 Recording The information gathered for this study has been being collected and stored in the software package known as SHI at the office of High Ground Consulting. It was then passed on to Young Shire Council at the conclusion of the study.

All of the information on listed items or proposed listed items can be given to the Heritage Branch in this format and stored on their computer system. It will then be made available via public internet access.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 72 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study Recommendation: Allow the State Heritage Inventory (SHI data) records to be made publicly accessible.

7.10 Archaeological Management Plan The valley of Burrangong Creek and its tributaries witnessed intense alluvial mining activity from 1861 until the end of the 19th century. The landscape contains numerous remnant shafts, drift shafts, water race sections and some areas of ground sluicing and hydraulic sluicing. Many of these are in areas that will be subject to ongoing development.

It is recommended that an archaeological management plan be prepared to assist with assessing the potential impact of development in the areas covered by the former Burrangong Gold Field. Funding for the development of an Archaeological Management Plan is available from the Heritage Branch Department of Planning.

Recommendation: Prepare an Archaeological Management Plan for Young with support from the Heritage Branch Department of Planning.

8. Glossary of abbreviations

SHI State Heritage Inventory LGA Local Government Area CD Computer disc LEP Local Environmental Plan SHR State Heritage Register CMP Conservation Management Plan DCP Design or Development Control Plan

9. Definitions For words such as ‘Conservation’ and ‘Restoration’ refer to the Burra Charter. The Burra Charter includes a full list of definitions of specific terms used in heritage management, eg.

• Conservation means all the processes of looking after a place so as to retain its cultural significance. • Restoration means returning the existing fabric of a place to a known earlier state by removing accretions or by reassembling existing components without the introduction of new material. • Reconstruction means returning a place to a known earlier state and is distinguished from restoration by the introduction of new material into the fabric.

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 73 Young Shire Community-Based Heritage Study 10. References

Apperly, R., Irving, R. & Reynolds, P., 1995. A Pictorial Guide to Identifying Australian Architecture. Sydney, Angus & Robertson.

Australian Heritage Commission, 2001. Australian Historic Themes: A framework for use in heritage assessment and management. Canberra, Commonwealth of Australia.

Health, Department of, undated. Heritage Act – s170 NSW State Agency Heritage Register

Heritage Office, Department of Planning, 2007. Heritage Information Series. Community-Based Heritage Studies: A Guide. Parramatta, Heritage Office, Department of Planning.

Heritage Office, 1996. NSW Heritage Manual, History and Heritage Archaeological Assessments … Historical Archaeological Sites … Heritage Assessment Guidelines … …Heritage Office and Department of Urban Affairs and Planning, (NSW), Sydney.

Heritage Office and Department of Urban Affairs and Planning, 1996. Regional Histories – Regional Histories of New South Wales. Sydney. Crown Copyright.

Kass, T., 1997. Thematic Outline of New South Wales Fire Brigades. Crown Copyright

NSW Heritage Office, 2001. Assessing Heritage Significance. NSW Heritage Office, Parramatta.

South Western Slopes Bio-Region, The [Online] Available: http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/PDFs/NSW_South_Western_Slopes_text.pdf (2007, June 15)

State Rail Authority, 1997. State Rail Authority Section 170 Register Item No. SRA265

Ray Christison 24 November 2008 74 Young Shire Heritage Items Suburb Item Name Address Property Description SHI No. Sig. Bendick Murrell Bendick Murrell Memorial Hall 121 Bendick Murrell Road Part Lot 324 DP 754605 2760058 Local Bendick Murrell Bendick Murrell S016 Grain Elevator 50 Wirrimah Road Lot 1 DP 819402 2760041 Local Bendick Murrell Bendick Murrell Cemetery Hoads Road Lot 7003 DP 1025418 2760100 Local Bendick Murrell St Andrews Anglican Church 1 Little Street Lot 2 DP 609307 2760130 Local Berthong Milong Flats round stable 2262 Milvale Road Lot11 DP1003395 2760101 Local Bribbaree Bribbaree Memorial Hall 15 Weedallion Street Lot 10 Section 2 DP 758162 2760061 Local Bribbaree Bribbaree Presbyterian Church & Manse 44- 48 Weedallion Street Lots 5&6 Section 6 DP 758162 2760062 Local Bribbaree Bribbaree Recreation Ground 73 Weedallion Street Lot 701 DP 96864 2760063 Local Bribbaree Bribbaree Uniting Church 56 Weedallion Street Lot 7 Section 6 DP 758162 2760064 Local Bribbaree Bribbaree War Memorial 22 Railway Street Lots 130 & 142 DP 750632 2760038 Local Bribbaree Cottage 23 West Street Lots 108&109 DP 750632 2760055 Local Bribbaree St Columba's Catholic Church 6 North Street Lot 1 DP 872041 2760131 Local Bribbaree St Columba's Presbytery 2 North Street Lot 2 DP 872041 2760133 Local Bribbaree St Matthew's Anglican Church, Bribbaree 38 Weedallion Street Lot 1 DP 771862 2760135 Local Bribbaree Railway Hotel 27 Weedallion Street Lots 5&6 Section 1 DP 758162 2760122 Local Bulla Creek Quamby (Burrangong Station) Cemetery Werona, 675 Monteagle SR West Lot 1 DP1102865 2760068 Local Crowther Wildman Park 3547 Olympic Highway North Lot 222 DP 754593 2760037 Local Koorawatha Bank of NSW (former) 52 Prince Street Lot 1 DP956080, Lot 1 DP957373, 2760057Lot 1 DP971927Local Koorawatha Koorawatha General Cemetery Cowra Street Lot 7012 DP1024741 2760039 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Convent School (former) 11 Hester Street Lot1 DP922288 2760085 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Falls Koorawatha Nature Reserve 2760087 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Hotel 4340 Olympic Highway North LotA DP389691 2760089 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Memorial Hall 4334 Olympic Highway North Lots1&2 DP120823 2760091 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Police Station 9 Campbell Street Lot11 Section7 DP758580, Lot702 DP1024736 Koorawatha Koorawatha Post Office (former) Boorowa Street Lot1 DP91147 2760146 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Public School 19 Crowther Street Lot98 DP754593 2760103 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha railway water tank Off Prince Street Blayney-Demondrille Railway 2760104 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha railway weir Koorawatha Nature Reserve Lot24 DP754593 2760084 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha Regional Rooms 9 Boorowa Street Lot5 Section 12 DP758580 2760105 Local Koorawatha Koorawatha War Memorial Park 15 Boorowa Street Lot1 Section 12 DP758580 2760107 Local Koorawatha Presbytery, The 11 Hester Street Lot1 DP922288 2760097 Local Koorawatha St Columba's Catholic Church 11 Broad Street Lot21 DP829801 2760132 Local Koorawatha St Paul's Anglican Church 40 Boorowa Street Lots 6 & 7 Sect 14 DP 758580 2760043 Local Koorawatha Trengrove Park Grandstand 14 Bumbaldry Street Lot139 DP754593 2760142 Local Maimuru Maimuru Tennis Club 470 Maimuru SS Road Lot163 DP759575 2760109 Local Maimuru Clifton Bridge Quamby-Thuddungra Road Road Reserve 2760075 Local Memagong Imperial Hotel, Elton Hills (former) Cnr. Temora & Tubbul Roads Lot149 DP750611 2760083 Local Memagong Milong Homestead 1520 Milvale Road Lot 2 DP 229112 2760163 Local Milvale Milvale S041 Grain Elevator 35 Schillers Road Lot 1 DP 1006196, Lot 10 DP 10935552760045 Local Milvale Railway water tanks Off Temora Road Stockinbingal-Parkes Railway 2760113 Local Milvale St Brendan's Catholic Church 1528 Milvale-Stockinbingal Road Lots 144 & 145 DP 750601 2760046 Local Milvale War Memorial Church of St James 3453 Milvale Road Lot 1 DP 399231 2760044 Local Monteagle Bulla/Monteagle General Cemetery Sads Lane Lot7012 DP1027942 2760016 Local Monteagle Cottage 5 Rose Street Lot6 Section 28 DP758698 2760054 Local Monteagle St Marks Anglican Church Jerrybang Lane Lots 50 & 51 Sect 25 DP 758698 2760042 Local Monteagle Tout Park Scenic Lookout 1780 Scenic Road Lot 1 DP345797 2760145 Local Murringo Blacksmith shop (former) 2262 Murringo Road Lot 5 Section 26 DP758734 2760167 Local Murringo Calabash Homestead 332 Douglas Gap Road Lot4 DP575416 2760069 State Murringo Christ Church Anglican Church 2471 Murringo Road Lot 1 Section 37 DP 758734 2760034 Local Murringo East Milo Homestead 131 Waihemo Road Lot 236 DP754598 2760078 Local Murringo Grants Store (former) 2255 Murringo Road Lot1 DP790645 2760079 Local Murringo Hancock's Store (former) Murringo Gap Road Lot8 Section 28 DP 758734 2760082 Local Murringo Marengo Hotel (former) 2266 Murringo Road Lot3 DP864942 2760112 Local Murringo Marengo Station Homestead 2301 Murringo Road Lot2 DP882910 2760111 Local Murringo Murringo General Cemetery Murringo Road Object ID 1739 2760036 Local Murringo Murringo Mechanics Institute 2271 Murringo Road Lot 266 DP754598 2760114 Local Murringo Murringo Police Barracks (former) 244 Murringo Road Lot363 DP754598 2760115 Local Murringo Murringo Public School 91 Murringo Gap Road Lots2&3 Section 32 DP758734 2760015 Local Murringo Old Plough Inn 24 Murringo Gap Road Lot9 Section 28 DP758734 2760120 State Murringo Orizaba Homestead & stables 2706 Murringo Road Lot 75 DP 754598 2760117 Local Murringo Orizaba Woolshed 2706 Murringo Road Lot 74 DP 754598 2760118 Local Murringo Sacred Heart Catholic Church (former) 10 Geegullalong Road Lot1 DP567585 2760018 Local Murringo Sacred Heart Catholic School (former) 1709 Geegullalong Road Lot11 DP877024 2760126 Local Murringo Sacred Heart Convent (former) 1717 Geegullalong Road Lot10 DP877024 2760125 Local Murringo Waihemo Homestead 810 Waihemo Road Lot26 DP754599 2760148 Local Murringo Waihemo shearers' quarters 810 Waihemo Road Lot26 DP754599 2760149 Local Murringo Willawong Homestead 1042 Douglas Gap Road Lot44 DP754607 2760151 Local Murringo Willawong shearers' quarters 1042 Douglas Gap Road Lot45 DP754607 2760152 Local Murringo Willawong Woolshed 1042 Douglas Gap Road Lot45 DP754607 2760153 Local Thuddungra Church of St Patrick Bribbaree Road 2760072 Local Thuddungra Quamby Homestead 11 Quamby Road Lot5 DP625030 2760121 Local Thuddungra St Luke's Anglican Church 14 Thuddungra Circuit Lot63 DP754603 2760134 Local Thuddungra Thuddungara Memorial Hall 22 Blayneys Road Lot149 DP754594 2760144 Local Wirrimah Wirrimah Community Hall & recreation ground 81 Horseferry Road Lot367 DP754605 2760154 Local Wirrimah Wirrimah Prune Dehydrator 105 Horseferry Road Lot457 DP754605 2760155 Local Young AMP building (former) 27 Lynch Street Lot 1 DP 966841 2760168 Local Young Anderson Park War Memorial Lovell Street Lot 3 DP 838152 2760040 Local Young Australian Hotel 222 Boorowa Street Lot 1 DP 82755 2760056 Local Young Carrington Park & Band Rotunda Ripon Street Lot 1 Section 46 DP 759144 2760014 Local Young Bank of NSW (former) 130 Boorowa Street Lot1&2 DP860132 2760164 Local Young Birches Store (former) 7 Chillingworks Road Lot 648 DP 754611 2760059 Local Young Blackguard Gully gold diggings Whiteman Avenue 46320 (Crown Land Parcel) 2760060 State Young Bungalow, The Moppity Road Lot 5 DP 622932 2760143 Local Young Burrangong Lodge St John (former) 26 Zouch Street Lot 5 DP 754488 2760065 Local Young Burrangong Shire Council Chambers (former) 26 Lovell Street Lot 2 DP 931661 2760066 Local Young Chapel - St Mary's Church 9 Ripon Street Lot 14 DP 759144 2760013 Local Young Chinese Tribute Gardens 59 Pitstone Road Lot 7009 DP 1021369 (Public Reserve 84209State - Cown Land) Young Church of St John The Evangelist 19 Cloete Street Lot 10 DP 759144 (Section 20) 2760077 State Young City Bank (former) 108 Boorowa Street Lot10 Section 4 DP759144 5045471/2760001State Young Commercial Hotel 167 Boorowa Street Lot7 Section 1 DP759144 2760076 Local Young Court House (former) 9 Campbell Street Lot1 DP799901 2760003 Local Young Great Eastern Hotel 111 Boorowa Street Lot4 DP610002 2760080 Local Young Krebs Lane gold diggings Krebs Lane Object ID YSC 215202 2760108 State Young Jim Morris' Empire Hotel 74 Lovell Street Lot1 DP1109432 2760007 Local Young Lynch Street Bridge Lynch Street Road Reserve 2760053 Local Young Milkmans Creek Bridge Temora Road Road Reserve 2760095 Local Young Millard Centre 192 Boorowa Street Lots 7 & 8 DP 657095 2760002 State Young Old Courthouse 54 McLerie Street Lot A DP 354601 2760011 State Young Phil Holmes Packing Shed 455 Olympic Highway North Lot 2 DP878117 2760119 Local Young Public School (former) Olympic Way 2 Campbell Street) Part Lot 3 DP40328 2760006 Local Young Roll Up Banner Lambing Flat Museum, Wombat Street Movable item 2760123 State Young St Josephs Kindergarten (former) 10 Dundas Street Lot9 Section 43 DP759144 2760171 Local Young St Marys Catholic Church 10 Dundas Street Lot12 Section 43 DP759144 2760170 State Young St Marys Presentation Convent 9 Ripon Street Lot14 Section 43 DP759144 2760012 Local Young St Marys War Memorial School (former) 10 Dundas Street Lot11 Section 43 DP759144 2760172 Local Young St Paul's Presbyterian Church 26 Lynch Street Lot 1 DP 5354 2760136 Local Young Sarah Musgrave Bridge Short Street Road Reserve 2760052 Local Young Silknit Building (former Small Arms Annex) 212 Boorowa Street Lot 1 DP 111154 2760048 Local Young Southern Cross Hall 96 Main Street Lot A DP 385383 2760129 Local Young Strand Theatre (former) 241 Boorowa Street Lot 2 DP 748427 2760138 Local Young Temperance Hall 93 Main Street Lot 4 Section 6 DP 759144 2760139 Local Young Verity Prunes 43 Nasmyth Street Lot L DP 403257 2760147 Local Young Woodonga Uniting Church (former) 1123 Olympic Highway North Lot 1 DP326274 2760157 Local Young Young Ambulance Station 36 Cloete Street Lot1 DP17637 3540087 Local Young Young Co-op Flour Mill 133 Lovell Street Lot 2 DP 579936 2760004 Local Young Young Courthouse 74 Lynch Street Part Lot6 Section 20 DP759144 2760165 Local Young Young Fire Station 32 Lynch Street Lot4 DP5354 4690109 Local Young Young Fruitgrowers' Cool Stores 154 Nasmyth Street Lot1 DP341756, Lot1 DP668618 2760159 Local Young Young Gaol (former) 20 Caple Street Lot1 Section49 DP759144 2760005 Local Young Young General Cemetery 9 Cunich Street Lot 2 DP 211497, Lot 1 DP 5819322760049 Local Young Young Hotel (Newtons Young Hotel) 89 Lynch Street Lot1 Dp900954 2760009 Local Young Young Poultry Chilling Works (former) Clarke Street Lot B DP 103800 2760051 Local Young Young Post Office 66 Lynch Street Lot6A DP90384 2760166 Local Young Young Prune Store (former) 20 Lynch Street Lot1 DP546673 2760160 Local Young Young Railway Station Lovell Street Demondrille-Blayney Railway 5012297/2760010State Young Young Regional Library 31 Lynch Street Lot A DP 407790, Lot 7 DP 6680042760047 State Young Young Showground Art Hall 4570 Murringo Road Lot 1895 DP 754611 2760098 Local Young Young Showground Grandstand 4570 Murringo Road Lot 1895 DP 754611 2760102 Local Young Young Showground Main Pavilion 4570 Murringo Road Lot 1895 DP 754611 2760110 Local Young Young Showground Sheep Pavilion & Cattle Shed4570 Murringo Road Lot 1895 DP 754611 2760128 Local Young Young Showground Stan Lowe Pavilion 4570 Murringo Road Lot 1895 DP 754611 2760137 Local Young Young Town Hall & Civic Offices 189-201 Boorowa Street Lots 10 & 11 Dp 759144 2760161 State Young Young Uniting Church 82 Lynch Street Lot 1 DP 903100 2760116 Local Young Shire Council Young Conservation Area List of Contributory Items

Young Conservation Area Contributory Items Item Name Address House 40 Boorowa Street Shops 50-66 Boorowa Street Commonwealth Bank 79-81 Boorowa Street Rural Bank (former) 89 Boorowa Street CBA Bank (former) 91 Boorowa Street Shop 95 Boorowa Street Hamblin's Amcal Chemist 96 Boorowa Street Shops 96-100 Boorowa Street Shop 102 Boorowa Street Great Eastern Hotel 111 Boorowa Street City Bank (former) 108 Boorowa Street Shops 114-120 Boorowa Street Shop 115 Boorowa Street Shops 123-125 Boorowa Street Bank of NSW (former) 130 Boorowa Street Criterion Hotel 135 Boorowa Street Shop 138-140 Boorowa Street Shops 137-141 Boorowa Street Watson Bros Store (former) 146 Boorowa Street ANZ Bank (former) 147 Boorowa Street Judge's Pharmacy 151 Boorowa Street Shop 152 Boorowa Street Shop 156 Boorowa Street Shops 162-166 Boorowa Street Commercial Hotel 167 Boorowa Street Schmidt's Chambers 170-174 Boorowa Street Shops 173-177 Boorowa Street Shop 178 Boorowa Street Hall of Commerce 180-182 Boorowa Street Shop 178 Boorowa Street Shop 181 Boorowa Street Shops 185-187 Boorowa Street Young Town Hall 189-201 Boorowa Street Millard Centre 192 Boorowa Street Shops 196-198 Boorowa Street Shop 211 Boorowa Street Silknit Building (former Small Arms Annex) 212 Boorowa Street Shop 214 Boorowa Street Shops 215-219 Boorowa Street Shop 221 Boorowa Street Australian Hotel 222 Boorowa Street Shop 223 Boorowa Street Shop 225 Boorowa Street Strand Theatre (former) 241 Boorowa Street Terry Brothers Building 250 Boorowa Street House Cnr. Clarke & Lovell Streets House 34 Clarke Street Church of St John The Evangelist & Rectory 19 Cloete Street Jim Morris' Empire Hotel Cnr Main & Lovell Street Anderson Park War Memorial Lovell Street Young Railway Station Lovell Street Burrangong Shire Council Chambers (former) 26 Lovell Street Tresilian & Dun building 44 Lovell Street Young Co-op Flour Mill 133 Lovell Street St Paul's Presbyterian Church Cnr Lovell & Lynch Streets NSW Government Offices (former AMP building) 27 Lynch Street Young Shire Council Young Conservation Area List of Contributory Items

Dept of Ageing, Disability & Home Care 29 Lynch Street Young Regional Library 31 Lynch Street Young Fire Station 34 Lynch Street B. Cunich's Building 63 Lynch Street Young Post Office 64 Lynch Street Law Office (former) 67 Lynch Street Young Court House Lynch Street Shop & residence 71 Lynch Street Offices 73 Lynch Street Shops 75 Lynch Street The Federation Building Cnr. Main & Short Streets Young Uniting Church & hall 82 Lynch Street Young Hotel 89 Lynch Street Service Station (former) 31 Main Street Shop 71 Main Street Shops 80-82 Main Street Shops 86-90 Main Street Temperance Hall 93 Main Street Funeral home & residence 95 Main Street Southern Cross Hall 96 Main Street