A Safer City for All Londoners POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 COPYRIGHT

Greater London Authority March 2017

Published by Greater London Authority City Hall The Queen’s Walk London SE1 2AA london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4100 minicom 020 7983 4458 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 3

Contents

Foreword from the Mayor 5

Introduction from the Deputy Mayor 9

The city we serve 13

A better police service for London 23

A better Criminal Justice Service for London 61

Our priorities 79

How MOPAC will deliver

this plan 133 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 5 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 5

We also have to improve the vital – Foreword from the but often less visible – parts of policing that protect the most vulnerable people. Mayor of London There have been increases in some of the most harmful and horrific types of Safety is my highest priority as crime, such as domestic abuse, child Mayor of London and the foundation of sexual exploitation and rape. These London’s success as a great place to live, crimes need specialist police officers work, visit and do business. who are able to identify and protect the most vulnerable people, and who have Thanks to the skill, dedication and the skills to investigate complex offences hard work of our police service, our and to support victims. As the reports Criminal Justice Service and other of these offences increase, we have to partner organisations, London is one of make sure we have the right resources in the safest cities in the world. place to respond. That means increasing the number of detectives, improved But for too many Londoners, safety training for officers and staff, better remains a real concern. partnership work with agencies such as the health service and local councils, and The first priority in this Plan is better IT systems to help manage the to improve the basis of policing in workload. London – and that means improving real neighbourhood policing, with dedicated We must also continue to support officers who know and are known by the police in tackling the most serious the communities they police. For me, criminal threats. One of my first actions community policing is the bedrock of all as Mayor of London was to approve the our efforts to protect our city, and there recruitment of more specialist firearms is no substitute for visible officers out officers to protect the city from terror on the beat in neighbourhoods. We are attacks, and the Metropolitan Police putting an extra dedicated Constable Service (MPS) will continue to work back in every ward in the capital to help closely with police forces nationally and tackle people’s very real concerns about internationally to combat the organised crime and antisocial behaviour in their crime that causes so much damage in communities. The extra officer will be in society through the supply of drugs and place in every ward by the end of 2017. weapons and the trafficking of people. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 7

As well as policing, the Criminal This Plan also prioritises action on Justice Service has an equally three priority issues of highest need: important part to play in our safety. I am very concerned about the 1 – Violence against women and performance of some parts of the girls. This is at shocking levels in our Justice Service in London, which is city. Statistics show that 11 women are often slow and ineffective in punishing raped in every Borough in London, every criminals and getting justice for victims. week of the year.i This Plan puts forward That is why I have pushed for the a comprehensive programme of action devolution of control over London’s to prevent these crimes, tackle offending justice system so that we can get to behaviour and support victims. grips with its underperformance and get it working properly in the interests 2 – Keeping children and young of Londoners. That means delivering people safe. They face risks that their an efficient service, providing proper parents never could have imagined when support for victims and tackling the they were growing up. Reports of child enormous problem of reoffending, sexual exploitation are increasing and which costs London £2.2bn per year the risks to children are increasing as in justice costs alone. predators use the internet and social media to target them for abuse. Knife crime is on the rise, taking a terrible toll on the young people and families who feel its effects. This Plan puts forward measures to better protect and safeguard our children, tackle knife crime and gangs, and intervene to stop young people at risk of offending from being drawn into a life of crime. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 7

3 – Hate crime and intolerance. Through this plan, I have prioritised I am determined to stand up against the areas which will keep London as safe this scourge in our city. We’ve all seen as possible on the resources we have. I and heard reports of awful crimes wish to maintain the strategic ambition against people because of who they of 32,000 police officers across London. are – because of their religion, their I want to keep officers on the frontline, sexual orientation, gender, age, race or where they can make the biggest because they are disabled. Hate crime difference. The Government hasn’t and intolerance causes enormous harm funded us fully for the first year of this to people and erodes the sense of Plan, and if it does not take steps to fund community and diversity that is one of policing in London properly in the years London’s most precious assets. In the ahead, the MPS will have no choice but world we live in today, the small minority to consider all the options for keeping who seek to divide us and victimise London safe, including the option of a others because they are different are reduced officers’ wage bill. I am fighting feeling emboldened. We intend to tooth and nail to protect our vital police challenge hate crime robustly, wherever services and make sure they have the and whenever it is encountered, and funding they need to keep us safe now provide better support to its victims. and in future.

We have approached this Plan with an open mind, and listened to Londoners Sadiq Khan to understand exactly what we need to Mayor of London do to make London safer for all. This Police and Crime Plan is published at the most challenging time in the MPS’ recent history. Over the past four years the MPS has had to save £600m. Over the next four years we have to save another £400m. We continue to be underfunded by the Government on London’s core policing. We may lose hundreds of millions of pounds more through a Government review of the way police funding nationally is divided between forces. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 9 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 9

The MPS has to rise to these new Introduction from challenges at a time of acute financial pressure. As a result of cuts to the Deputy Mayor Government police funding, in the past for Policing and four years the MPS has had to lose more than 100 police stations and 2,800 police Crime staff and Police Community Support Officers (PCSOs) in order to protect officer numbers. In the years ahead, we We publish our Police and Crime have to make a further £400m in savings. Plan in very challenging times for the This makes the challenge of protecting MPS, the Criminal Justice Service, local our city all the more difficult. authorities and all of the other partner organisations and groups that together Our partner agencies face similarly keep London safe and support victims of tough circumstances. The agencies that crime. comprise the Criminal Justice Service – the Crown Prosecution Service, courts, After years of reductions, crime is on probation and prisons – are undergoing the rise in England and Wales, including major changes, with courts and prisons in London. closing in London and across the country. Councils – which play a key Crime is also changing. As crimes role in maintaining safe and strong such as burglary and robbery have communities, and providing education decreased, reports of the most serious and social care – are facing tough and complex offences, including sexual decisions about the level of services abuse and domestic violence, have they’re going to be able to sustain. The increased. Online offences have quickly NHS – which provides a key emergency grown to become one of the most service and other vital services, common types of crime. particularly mental health care – is under intense pressure. Our city is growing rapidly, with its population projected to increase to ten Within this context, we have set two million by the end of the next decade. clear ambitions for the MPS and all our That population increases further during partner agencies: the day with the influx of commuters into the city. Added to that, London is now • A safer city for everyone in the most visited city in the world, with London, no matter who you are millions of visitors coming here to enjoy or where you live. the sights, culture and experiences. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 11 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 11

• Extra protection and support for the Safety matters to everyone. It is the most vulnerable people and places foundation of London’s success – as in London. a place to live, to raise a family, to do business, to visit and to enjoy life. In This Police and Crime Plan sets out writing the Plan, we have listened to the actions we will take to deliver these. as many individuals, communities and organisations in London as possible. First, we will work with the MPS to We wanted to hear about the issues deliver a policing service that is better that concern people the most and what equipped to deal with crime and you think about our proposals to make antisocial behaviour locally, across London a safer city for all. the city and online, strengthening neighbourhood policing, giving In the months since the Mayoral Boroughs a say in local policing and election, we’ve heard from thousands of crime priorities, and transforming the individuals and groups across the city way the organisation works to ensure it through surveys, consultations, events is equipped to deal with 21st-century and meetings. I give my sincere thanks to policing needs. everyone who has taken the time to get involved. What you’ve told us has helped Second, we will work with the us to focus on the things that really Criminal Justice Service to ensure that matter to Londoners, and on developing the needs of victims of crime are met a Plan that will make our city safer. and to deal more effectively with the repeat offenders who cause such harm Working together, we can make and damage to communities. a bigger difference than working in isolation. We’re going to keep listening We also set out three priority areas and talking throughout the life of this for action to protect people at especially Plan, harnessing the skills, experience, high risk of crime: insights and motivation of the many thousands of great people working day in • Keeping children and young and day out to keep London safe. people safe. Sophie Linden • Tackling violence against women Deputy Mayor for Policing and Crime and girls. • Standing together against hatred, intolerance and extremism.

POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 13

The city we serve London accounts for around a fifth of recorded crime in England and Wales. Our city continues to grow and change, and so too do the things that we expect the Metropolitan Police Service, Criminal Justice Service and other agencies to respond to. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 15

THE CHANGING JOB OF POLICING extremism or far-right extremism – continue to target vulnerable people Today, the Metropolitan Police Service for radicalisation, increasingly using the (MPS) is responsible for protecting more internet and social media to do so. people than at any time in its history, and that number is growing. London’s Reports of domestic abuse, rape population – currently measured at 8.8m and sexual offences are increasing. – is projected to increase by a fifth within The true extent of violence against 30 years and to hit nearly 10m within a women and girls in London is becoming decade.1 By early into the next decade a better understood. third of Londoners will be aged between 11 and 24 or over 60. These age groups Children and young people face historically present the largest challenge different risks than previous generations. to policing from an offending and Knife crime and youth violence is vulnerability perspective. increasing, reports of child sexual abuse and exploitation are increasing, and London’s population is further swelled young people face new risks such as by the huge number of visitors to our online grooming and sexting. great city, which places further demand on policing. A record number of tourists In an increasingly diverse global city, stayed in London in 2016, with more than hate crime is increasing. Hate crime can 56 million overnight stays, including 41 have a serious impact on the safety and million stays by international tourists. quality of life for those affected. In the weeks following the EU Referendum, The work the MPS has to do to reports of racial and religious hate keep London safe is becoming more crimes doubled. In context, there were demanding and complex, with increasing nearly twice as many reports of racial numbers of crimes and incidents and religious hate crime in July 2016 involving vulnerable people and high risk than there were in the aftermath of the of harm. 2005 London Underground bombings.

The threat of terrorism remains Human trafficking and modern slavery at ‘severe’, with a series of appalling is an emerging problem, aided by attacks around the world underlining the cheaper and easier international travel. continued determination of terrorists Organised criminal gangs are trafficking to attack major cities including London adults and children into London, typically in any way they can. International and either to work, for sexual exploitation domestic terror groups – be that Islamic or for domestic servitude. The MPS POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 15

received a significant increase in Online crime can be very difficult terms of Modern Slavery referrals via to police, not only because of the the National Referral Mechanism (NRM) technology involved, but because it during 2016. In 2015, 278 referrals were is global – criminals are able to target received. In 2016 this increased to just victims in London from anywhere in the over 1,000. world. The MPS, like all police forces, needs investment in the technology, With an estimated one million skills and relationships to enable it to Londoners living with mental health protect Londoners online as it protects needs, police now regularly come them offline. into contact with members of the public either experiencing a crisis, or Different experiences of policing needing other help. Between April 2013 and March 2015, London as a whole The British system of policing by experienced a 64 per cent increase in consent is dependent on the support of the number of criminal incidents the public. People who have trust and involving mental health, and a 31 confidence in the police are more likely per cent increase in the number of to cooperate with the police and comply vulnerability reports that were recorded. with the law.

This change is a challenge for the Nine out of ten Londoners agree MPS and for all public bodies, often that the MPS is an organisation they involving very vulnerable people and can trust, but there are significant requiring more resources and specialist differences in the way some Londoners skills to manage, along with partnership perceive the service. For example, those work with other agencies such as the living in more deprived areas and black/ Health Service and local councils. mixed race respondents to MOPAC’s Public Attitudes Survey report more While some property crimes, such negative views than the rest of the as burglary and car theft, have fallen in population. Young black and minority recent years, digital technology gives ethnic (BAME) Londoners hold less criminals new ways to steal from others. favourable opinions towards the police The first estimate of the scale of these than the rest of the population: 61 per crimes, published in 2017 by the Office cent of BAME 16- to 24-year-olds have for National Statistics, found 3.6 million confidence that the police do a ‘good job’ fraud offences and two million computer compared with 70 per cent of white 16- misuse offences in a single year – to 24-year-olds. making fraud the biggest crime type in the country. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 17

A similar pattern is seen in relation 3. The National and International to victim satisfaction, measured by the Capital Cities Grant: money provided MOPAC User Satisfaction Survey, with annually by Government, designed a sizeable and enduring gap between to fund the additional work that the white and BAME victims in their levels of MPS undertakes because of London’s satisfaction with police service. unique role as the capital city of the UK, and a major global city. If you are BAME in London you are 2.5 times more likely to be stopped and 4. Counter-terrorism funding: this is searched than white people, rising to provided for national and London- ten times more likely for vehicle stops. based counter-terrorism policing. Evidence suggests that the quality of the interaction matters as much if not Between 2010 and 2015 the Police more than the volume of stops: if people Grant was cut by 20 per cent by the perceive that they are less likely to Government. This meant that the MPS receive a full explanation and less likely needed to make £600 million of savings to report being treated with respect, than over the period, which was achieved by they are less likely to be satisfied. cutting 2,800 (PCSOs) and back-office staff, selling more than 120 buildings and Greater pressure on budgets making cuts to other areas of policing. The MPS faces further real-terms The period covered by this Police and reductions in its budget and will need to Crime Plan will be one of severe and make £400m in additional savings over ongoing pressure on the MPS budget the next four years as a result. and on the wider public sector in London. These cuts are compounded by the Police funding in London is made up of fact that Government has never fully four parts: funded the National and International Capital Cities (NICC) Grant. London 1. The Police Grant: this is the money spends £346m a year on activity linked that central Government provides for to our position as a major global capital. the bulk of policing activity. The MPS is supposed to receive full compensation for this work through the 2. The Precept: a percentage of the NICC grant so that Londoners don’t pay Council Tax paid by Londoners that the cost. However, we currently only goes to policing. receive £174m a year – £172m short. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 17

A further risk to the funding of the Repeat offenders and MPS comes from a Government review repeat victims of the formula it uses to allocate money to police forces in England and Wales, The overall number of offenders in due to be published in 2017. An aborted London has fallen, but the number of review carried out by the Government reoffenders has increased. A MOPAC- in autumn 2015 indicated that the MPS commissioned study of 4,000 of stood to lose between £184m and London’s most prolific offenders found £700m if funding was redistributed, that such individuals were responsible which would have a significant impact on for an average of 57 arrests each and 36 the level of policing provided in London. convictions over the course of their lives. As well as the trauma and harm caused The Mayor, MOPAC and the MPS will to the victims of their crimes, career continue to work together to make the criminals such as these cost London case for the capital’s police service to taxpayers the equivalent of £2.2 billion a receive the funding it needs so that we year in criminal justice costs alone. can keep Londoners safe. Such offenders typically lead chaotic Borough Councils, key partners lives and have a variety of needs. in community safety and protecting Evidence shows that they are more vulnerable people, are also under heavy likely to have been exposed to crime pressure. With budget cuts still ongoing, and violence themselves, often from a London Councils estimate that council young age; have low levels of educational funding will have fallen by 63 per cent attainment; and have higher levels of by 2020, with the size of the funding health needs, such as mental health gap in London local government by issues or drug and alcohol problems. 2020 estimated to be in the region of £2 billion.2 This has potentially serious Repeat victimisation is another implications for services that are important challenge. Approximately extremely important to our ability to one in ten crimes is committed against prevent crime and keep Londoners safe, people who have been victims of crime such as social care and youth work. in the previous year. Other crimes, such as domestic abuse, have higher levels of repeat victimisation – with one in four offences committed against repeat victims of domestic abuse. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 19

Wards of residence of victims of burglary, robbery, violence against the person and sexual offences

Wards of residence of people accused of burglary, robbery, violence against the person and sexual offences POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 19

Disproportionality and crime Disproportionality and justice

Vulnerability to crime and antisocial Everyone should be equal in the eyes behaviour is becoming increasingly of the law. This is fundamental to the concentrated within certain places and administration of justice in our country among certain individuals. According and essential if public confidence in to MOPAC’s Vulnerable Localities Profile the fairness of the Justice Service is (an online index that overlays different to be maintained. However, national sets of data about London, such as research is demonstrating that BAME crime, health, educational attainment people are being treated differently in and population density, to show which our Justice Service. Emerging findings areas of the city are at risk of community of the review by David Lammy MP into stability issues), the top ten per cent disproportionality in the Justice Service of wards are disproportionately include the following: impacted compared with other parts of London. For example, on average, • For every 100 white women given more than three times more victims of custodial sentences at Crown burglary, robbery, sexual offences live Courts for drug offences, 227 black in these areas compared with the least women were sentenced to custody. vulnerable places. For black men, this figure is 141 for every 100 white men. The maps opposite illustrate this • Of those convicted at Magistrates’ issue. In these communities, deprivation, Court for sexual offences, 208 crime and vulnerability come together black men and 193 Asian men and limit the life chances of the people received custodial sentences for living there, creating a cycle of offending every 100 white men. and victimisation. As crime takes hold, the things that make a neighbourhood • BAME men were more than 16 per a good place to live – sense of cent more likely than white men to community, sense of safety and civic be remanded in custody. pride – are broken down, making the • 41 per cent of youth prisoners problems worse. are from minorities backgrounds, compared with 25 per cent ten years ago. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 21 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 21

Half (51 per cent) of the UK-born rest of England and Wales (Crown BAME population and 35 per cent of the Prosecution Service Violence Against UK-born white population agree that the Women and Girls report 2016). Criminal Justice Service discriminates 3 • An inspection of probation in north against particular groups. This must be London found that services had addressed if we are to have confidence deteriorated and that work by the that the Justice Service works in the Community Rehabilitation Company interests of all Londoners. (CRC), responsible for managing low and medium-risk offenders, was poor. Limited local control over the Criminal Justice Service Historically, London’s Criminal Justice Service has been accountable to the Effective and timely justice is essential Government, rather than the Mayor of to public safety and to public confidence London, which has limited London’s to report crimes. However, currently ability to influence its priorities or the Londoners are not being well served. way it works.

• Approximately half of trials are classed as effective (Ministry of Justice 2015/16 data). CRACKED TRIAL On the trial • One in four cracked or ineffective date, the defendant offers a trials (see box, right) are due to the guilty plea or the prosecution prosecution ending the case. offers no evidence. A cracked Two in five of those cases are trial requires no further trial time, attributed to the victim or witness but as a consequence the court not attending or withdrawing time allocated has been wasted, (Ministry of Justice 2015/16 data). and witnesses may have been unnecessarily inconvenienced, • There was a backlog of more than impacting confidence in the 7,000 cases waiting to be heard in justice process. London Crown Courts at the end of October 2016. INEFFECTIVE TRIAL On the trial • Conviction rates in London are six date, the trial does not go ahead per cent lower for hate crime (Crown due to action or inaction by one Prosecution Service Hate Crime or more of the prosecution, the report 2015/16), ten per cent lower defence or the court. A further for domestic abuse, four per cent listing for trial is required. lower for rape and five per cent lower for sexual offences than the

POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 23

A better police service for London London is protected by a world- class police service. Every day, the officers, PCSOs, staff and volunteers of the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) work tirelessly to keep our city safe – preventing crime and antisocial behaviour, confronting dangerous situations, helping people in their times of greatest need and managing complex cases to bring criminals to justice. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 25

In recent years, Government cuts to We are also taking action to move policing budgets have forced the MPS from a rigid system of targets, known to make tough choices in order to make as the MOPAC 7, which had meant that ends meet. neighbourhood police focused on hitting these city-wide targets rather than on £600m in savings had to be found in local policing issues. Most seriously, an London’s police budget. HMIC inspection into child protection at the MPS indicated that the pressure to The MPS reduced PCSO and police achieve the MOPAC 7 targets meant that staff numbers by 2,800 in order to bring some of the most serious crimes against down its wage bill. vulnerable people were not given the attention they needed. Communities lost their police stations as the MPS sold buildings to cut costs We are taking a new approach to and raise money. setting priorities so that more attention is paid right across London to complex, While this has made the MPS more high-harm crimes such as domestic efficient, it has come at the cost of abuse, child sexual exploitation and reduced neighbourhood presence sexual violence, while at the same time and the erosion of the bonds of trust giving local MPS leaders and elected between communities and their local local politicians more control, freedom police. and flexibility to take action on the crimes that affect residents the most. We are determined to restore neighbourhood policing, putting Wherever you live in the capital, and Dedicated Ward Officers (DWOs) and whatever your background, you should PCSOs – who know and are known to the be able to expect the same high-quality communities they serve – back at the service from the MPS. Getting the basics heart of policing in London. right to deliver this universal service is at the heart of this Plan. These basics are essential: making communities safer; responding to and preventing crime; building trust and confidence; and bringing criminals to justice. They are the reasons why officers join the police service. But as essential as they are, we must go further to protect the most vulnerable in our society. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 25

Protecting vulnerable people is In order to ensure a better police often complex, and requires a range of service for London, we will implement different organisations to work together, measures to: but it is also essential that it is integrated fully into the work of the MPS at a local • Deliver policing where and when and pan-London level. today’s Londoners need it – in their communities, on the move, online, at All this work to deliver a universal night and at work. service to all Londoners, while also • Increase the protection for victims targeting the most at risk people in our and vulnerable people. city, must be seen against the backdrop of a challenging financial situation, • Transform the Metropolitan Police and increasing demand on the police. Service, making it fit for the 21st The MPS will reform to meet these century. challenges, but there will be more hard • Ensure that the MPS meets its choices along the way. national and international strategic policing requirements.

By meeting these ambitions, we aim to: • Improve victim satisfaction with the MPS. • Improve public perceptions of the MPS. • Reduce inequalities in satisfaction and public perceptions. • Create a more representative MPS workforce. • Ensure MPS employees feel they are treated with fairness and respect by colleagues. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 27

POLICING WHERE AND In your community WHEN YOU NEED IT This Plan sets out our ambition to put The fundamental purpose of the police community policing back at the heart of is to prevent and detect crime, and our the MPS’ work, prioritising resources and commitment to people is to work with creating the conditions for officers and the Metropolitan Police to ensure that – PCSOs to dedicate themselves more fully within the resources available – they are to tackling crime in our communities and there when and where Londoners need solving the safety problems that most them. concern the residents and businesses in their local area. At the same time, We expect the police to ‘problem- we want trust and confidence in the solve’ in our communities in order to MPS to increase, particularly in those address issues and prevent crimes communities that have consistently from happening in the first place, and lower levels of confidence. to reduce the demand on their services. When crimes do happen, however, the By December 2017, we aim for each police should work to protect victims, of the 629 wards in London to have at use the full range of their powers to least two dedicated Police Constables identify and arrest offenders, and and one PCSO, an increase on the provide the best possible evidence previous number of one PC and one to enable courts to convict and PCSO. In order to address the particular sentence them. challenges that our most vulnerable wards face, we will go beyond this minimum level of coverage, enabling those wards to have more Dedicated Ward Officers (DWOs).

DWOs will only be taken out of their wards to do policing work elsewhere in the most exceptional circumstances, or to support the most resource intensive policing operations in London, such as a major civil emergency. Local residents will be able to see where these officers are being used, with data on deployments published regularly. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 27

Public confidence by borough Rolling 12 months’ data

80%

70%

60%

50% Excellent / good % / good Excellent

0% MPS Brent Ealing Bexley Barnet Sutton Enfield Harrow Merton Bromley Islington Camden Croydon Hackney Newham Havering Haringey Lambeth Hillingdon Hounslow Lewisham Redbridge Southwark Greenwich Wandsworth Westminster Tower Hamlets Tower Waltham Forest Waltham Barking and Dagenham Kingston upon Thames Kingston Kensington and Chelsea Kensington Richmond upon Thames Source: MOPAC Public Attitude Survey, R12 Quarter 2 2016/17 and Fulham Hammersmith

TACKLING ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

Many Londoners can relate a going about their daily lives. It can personal experience of antisocial in some cases escalate into more behaviour – having to pass an serious crime. abusive group outside a local shop, taking their children to play Policing alone cannot solve these in the park to find it littered and kinds of issues, and for this reason defaced, being kept awake at night we are encouraging police and by nuisance neighbours. For some councils to work together with a people, such as the elderly, children problem-solving approach, using or disabled people, antisocial all the powers and resources behaviour can be particularly at their disposal to prevent distressing. Left unresolved, antisocial behaviour and make our problems like this can leave communities better places to live. Londoners feeling vulnerable POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 29

By bringing more dedicated officers Under this system, each Borough into wards we intend to make real has selected two local priority crimes improvements in the public’s sense of based on local knowledge, crime safety, and in the trust and confidence data and police intelligence, along local communities have in policing. with antisocial behaviour, which has been identified in our consultation There is currently a significant gap for this Plan as an important issue in between the levels of confidence in the every Borough. In addressing local MPS in different communities in London priorities, neighbourhood officers (see left). For example, while 82 per cent will work together with Councils and of Hammersmith and Fulham’s residents other partners to take a problem- are confident in the MPS, this falls to just solving approach – not only pursuing 56 per cent in Hillingdon. This gap is also and arresting criminals, but also taking evident between different ethnicities in enforcement action on the problems the capital, with three-quarters of white that drive crime – such as drug dealing. Londoners confident that they would be treated fairly by the police, compared In addition, we are ensuring that the with two-thirds of black Londoners. lessons of the HMIC review into child These gaps in confidence must be protection are learned by including the addressed, and making improvements most harmful crimes, and those which will be central to the mission of the new affect the most vulnerable Londoners – DWOs. sexual violence, domestic abuse, child sexual exploitation, weapon-based crime Instead of focusing on local crime and hate crime – as mandatory priorities targets imposed from City Hall, which for every Borough. may bear little resemblance to the things that really matter in communities These crimes, unfortunately, affect themselves, we have consulted on and all of London, with no part of the capital developed a new system of agreeing immune to them. By insisting right across local priorities, in partnership with the city that we take greater steps to local MPS leaders and the elected local deal with these issues, we will be in a Council in every Borough. This will better position to bring perpetrators to mean that across London, local police justice and tackle the damage they teams are focusing on local priorities, cause to Londoners. agreed using data and evidence which we will provide publicly, and local strategic assessments. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 29

CASE STUDY: PROBLEM substantial financial penalties could SOLVING IN ACTION be imposed against the organisation to prompt the managers of the A children’s home was home to take action to address the experiencing a concerning rise in problems there. As the home was crime and antisocial behaviour, not commissioned by the Council resulting in investigations, arrests and was an independently operated and an increasing number of missing business, governing the activity persons being reported. Though taking place within the home was the behaviour was of concern, it problematic and the MPS and the was also apparent that there were Council contacted Ofsted to review fears for the welfare of the children the operation and management of residing within the home. As a the home. result, local MPS and social care professionals raised concerns about The MPS and the Council set up a the management of the home and meeting attended by local residents, staff’s ability to handle the more Councillors and senior staff from the complex behaviours, including home. Working with the Council, the violence between young people home was served with a Community and the suitability of the physical Protection Notice Warning. The environment. It was clear at this outcome of the Ofsted visit had an point that it would take further instrumental impact and the home investigation, partnership working was issued with two inadequate and the use of further resources to inspections. As a consequence of tackle the problems at the home. continued management failures the home was closed down and The MPS worked closely with the vulnerable children rehoused, local Community Safety Partnership removing them from any further to solve these problems, making use risk. The impact on residents has of the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime been significant as they have seen and Policing Act 2014, which, upon a big reduction in the levels of the issue of a Community Protection antisocial behaviour. Notice Warning, meant that POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 31

Under the MPS’ plans for We will continue to support and transformation, local officers will manage the vital work of Independent have more ownership and responsibility Custody Visitors (ICVs) in London – to investigate crime, and be equipped volunteers who visit police custody with both the tools and technology to centres unannounced to check on make a difference in their local area. The the welfare of detainees – ensuring officer closest to the victim will have the that we maintain effective and freedom to make decisions in the best independent oversight of police custody interest of that individual. arrangements.

A significant programme is under way We will continue to support the which will deliver a streamlined, ‘end-to- community organisations working end’ investigative process; minimal hand- to keep our city safe, promoting the offs between teams and a seamless role of local Neighbourhood Watch process for victims; building new alongside our ongoing support to Safer capabilities within forensics, intelligence, Neighbourhood Boards and Ward Panels. custody and prosecutions to keep pace with new and changing demand; and As well as tackling the crimes that integrating digital technologies in order matter most to Londoners, and working to enhance the quality and exploitation to improve confidence in the police, of information. we want to see the MPS do more to build stronger relationships with young To support the police, local authorities Londoners. To that end, the MPS will and those wishing to work with us to hold increase the number of officers working the police to account – such as Safer with young people, and ensure that every Neighbourhood Boards and Ward Panels school has a named officer supporting – MOPAC will continue to lead the way in them. This is explored in more detail later the use and publication of transparent in this Plan. performance data. We will build on our existing dashboards to provide the most relevant data about crime, antisocial behaviour and confidence in the MPS. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 31

On the move Through a successful partnership with TfL, the MPS Roads and Transport One of the most important factors Policing Command (RTPC) was created to in ensuring that people feel safe in provide dedicated, specialist transport London is the safety and security of our policing for London’s roads. With transport network. Billions of journeys specially trained transport and traffic are made every year across tubes, trains, officers, local transport policing teams trams, buses, cars and cycle network. in every Borough, as well as specialist Ensuring Londoners and visitors to road safety teams, it plays a vital part in London are safe - and feel safe - when keeping London moving safely. they travel in the city is a responsibility shared between the Mayor, London’s Reducing the use of the private cars police forces, Transport for London (TfL) and increasing the number of people and local authorities and we are working walking, cycling and using public closely together to achieve this. transport has the potential to transform London. The Mayor is determined to The Mayor, through TfL, has provided help every Londoner live an active and £3.4 million of additional funding for the healthy life by making it easier and more British Transport Police (BTP) to protect attractive for people to walk, cycle and Londoners using Night Tube services on use public transport more often. A key the London Underground. Part of this factor in people using these modes of investment is being used to provide 100 transport more will be how safe they feel. officers to police the Night Tube and The RTPC, as with the rest of the MPS, patrol the 144 stations that will be open will play an important role in delivering throughout the night each weekend. This the Mayor’s aspirations for Healthy extra money means that there will be Streets for London. at least as many officers out during the night as are seen during the day. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 33

Alongside the specialist work of It is through this renewed, more the RTPC, the work of local policing ambitious approach, reducing teams to improve the safety of local the dominance of motor vehicles neighbourhoods is vital, given that on London’s streets and using a most of London’s journeys start, end or combination of enforcement, education happen entirely on our streets. Similarly, and engineering, that we, with the it is vital that the MPS, BTP and TfL work MPS, TfL, local authorities and other together to identify times and places road safety stakeholders – will be where young people are at particular more effective in tackling the places, risk of crime as they travel to and from behaviours and vehicles that pose the school, and put in place appropriate greatest risk to pedestrians and cyclists. measures to prevent offending. We will work with TfL, London’s police forces – MPS, BTP and City of London As part of the Mayor’s aspirations Police (CoLP) – and other partners for Healthy Streets he has committed to develop a partnership strategy for to adopting a ‘Vision Zero’ approach how roads and transport policing and to reducing road danger, setting a enforcement contributes towards the greater level of ambition for reducing Mayor’s aspirations for Healthy Streets. death and serious injury on our roads. Vision Zero will demand a greater level While we are seeking to reduce the of commitment from all partnership number of deaths and injuries on our agencies involved to improve road safety roads, we also want to ensure that, in the in London. tragic cases when people are killed or injured, those responsible face serious consequences. Currently there is too little transparency around collisions and criminal justice, which we will seek to address with the publication of a joint TfL/MPS annual report of road traffic enforcement in London, and working with the Crown Prosecution Service and the Courts Service to collate and publish information about fatal and serious injuries. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 33

At work Business Crime Reduction Partnerships make a difference, day and night, in a No matter where you work or what you variety of ways: do for a living, you should be safe and feel safe from crime as you do your job. • More than 2,000 businesses in London have been provided with London is home to approximately half digital radios, alerts and key crime a million businesses, representing almost prevention messages. a fifth of all businesses in the United Kingdom.4 It is essential for the economic • 4,000 offenders have been wellbeing of the city and the nation that identified on the Safer London all these businesses, from the smallest to Business Partnership intelligence the largest, see London as a safe place system, which assists in the to do business and that they and their delivery of weekly intelligence staff are protected from crime. briefings in several high-profile town centres and tracking Often the most effective way to the movements of organised address concerns about crime in the criminal gangs. business community is to improve the links between the police and businesses. • The successful pilot and roll-out This fosters a better exchange of of BWV in Westminster among information and advice between the businesses led to increased two, allowing them to work together to feelings of safety and less crime. reduce risk, prevent crime and respond During the pilot there was a 50 effectively when crimes are committed. per cent reduction in theft from the person and an 81 per cent We will therefore encourage the reduction in violence with injury in work of the Safer London Business one of the member stores. Partnership in promoting Business Crime Reduction Partnerships across the We will also ensure that there is an capital to help improve the activity taken adequate focus on small and micro to support businesses large and small. businesses, which often do not have the resources or expertise required to navigate the complex issues linked to business crime. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 35

Recognising that much of the crime At night against businesses takes place online, we will continue our support to the London has some of the most vibrant London Digital Security Centre (LDSC), and dynamic nightlife in the world, with a joint initiative involving MOPAC, the leading theatres, bars, restaurants, music MPS, City of London Police and a wide venues and nightclubs providing an offer range of private sector partners. The virtually unmatched anywhere. It is in LDSC works to secure and protect everyone’s interest that the nighttime London’s small and medium enterprises economy is safe and secure for all. (SMEs) against cyber risks and threats Alongside our work with the MPS, TfL, by offering them security assessments, BTP, London Boroughs and London’s threat information and crime prevention business community, we will work with advice at affordable prices. London’s Night Czar, Amy Lamé, to make London’s nighttime economy safer. We also expect that London’s public servants will be safe and secure when at The nighttime economy can bring work. Too often, frontline public servants, significant challenges of crime including police officers, paramedics, and antisocial behaviour, affecting firefighters, hospital and Council staff, businesses, visitors and residents. face abuse and violence as they go about The violence and other crime that their work. This is totally unacceptable. affects some of our communities, often The MPS has our complete support in fuelled by alcohol, leaves many people using the full force of its powers against put off from sharing in the opportunities those who commit offences against that the nighttime economy offers. these and other public servants, to send Irresponsible behaviour by a small the strongest signal that this behaviour minority can undermine the experience will not be tolerated. for the majority. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 35

All Boroughs can raise funds for safety through a Late Night Levy. At CASE STUDY: WORKING present, by law, this money is raised and TOGETHER TO MAKE spent on a Borough-wide basis, and we CLAPHAM’S NIGHTLIFE SAFER would like to see that further refined to focus on raising and spending the When problems of antisocial money in specific crime and antisocial behaviour and theft arose within behaviour hotspots, such as high streets businesses operating in the and transport hubs. We will lobby for a nighttime economy in Clapham, it change in the legislation to support this, brought about a need for Lambeth and work with Boroughs to deliver this Police and the businesses approach. involved to work together in a way which they had not before. Effective licensing is essential in protecting the safety of Londoners The Clapham Business and in reducing alcohol-related crime Improvement District and the and antisocial behaviour. We will work Safer Lambeth Business Crime with the MPS to improve consistency Reduction Partnership – which in licensing across London, to improve involves the MPS, the local the safety of licensed premises – with Council and businesses - worked the clear expectation that formal together to design responses enforcement action should be a matter to the problems identified. The of last resort, when all other approaches partnership response included to ensure the safety of a licensed rejuvenating the local PubWatch establishment have been exhausted. scheme, increasing the town-link radio scheme, introduction of Friday night intelligence briefings and hiring street wardens.

The success of the partnership showed in the crime statistics, with a 31 per cent reduction in total notifiable offences within the Clapham Town ward and a 20 per cent reduction in antisocial behaviour. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 37 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 37

Online Recognising the important role of neighbourhood officers in providing Online crime has created a new and crime prevention advice to Londoners, high level of demand on policing in FALCON, in partnership with the LDSC, London and around the country. The MPS will be taking ‘Cyber to the High Street’, is leading the way in tackling the growing giving Borough police teams a threat of online offending, establishing week-long course to educate officers on its Fraud and Linked Crime Online cyber-crime, then working with them to (FALCON) team to provide a dedicated get local businesses to attend drop-in response. FALCON has 270 officers and advice events staffed by the LDSC and staff investigating fraud and cyber-crime FALCON. against organisations as well as referrals made by members of the public through FALCON officers have also developed the national Action Fraud service. a cyber-crime advice app for officers to advise them how to manage digital Using National Cyber Security crime scenes and give the right crime Programme (NCSP) funding from the prevention advice, and are moving to roll Cabinet Office, FALCON has developed this out. the role of Cyber Protect, a team of officers dedicated to advising small and medium-sized businesses on effective cyber-crime prevention. These officers have undertaken industry-recognised qualifications to develop their skills to engage with business in this area. They also work closely with the London Digital Security Centre (LDSC). Further funding has been secured and an additional seven officers will join this team. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 39

PUBLIC ACCESS AND ENGAGEMENT In an emergency, members of the public need the police as quickly as It is critical to our efforts to make possible. The fundamental contract every community in London safer to between the police and the public is to ensure that people are able to engage be there quickly in an emergency, and with the MPS in a convenient way when the channel for contacting the police in they need to. Smartphones and mobile these situations will always be the 999 data are transforming the way people emergency telephone number. The MPS access services and information, but at will continue to deliver a swift and high- the moment, channels of communication quality emergency response service. To with the MPS are limited, sometimes speak to someone over the phone in a little-used and don’t fully take advantage non-emergency situation, Londoners can of new technology. call the MPS on 101.

We will consult with communities and Through Met Communications work with the MPS on how to ensure Command (MetCC), the MPS handles that public access to the MPS is best very large volumes of these calls every tailored to meet the needs of Londoners. day: an average of 6,000 emergency calls This work will explore the whole range and more than 8,000 non-emergency of ways engagement with communities calls. During peak periods, such as is provided, including police buildings, the months of June and July, the daily other locations in the area, over the number can increase to up to 10,000 telephone, online and through the work emergency calls. The MPS received of community networks such as Safer 216,000 more calls in 2016 than in 2015. Neighbourhood Boards and Ward Panels. Three communication centres (in Bow, Lambeth and Hendon), with more than 1,700 officers and staff, handle this huge number of calls and provide the command and control of the officers deployed to deal with calls for service. We will explore opportunities for closer collaboration with London’s other emergency services. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 39

New DWOs will have an important In the age of the smartphone, we are role in engaging with the public. As missing opportunities to be available in well as being visible out on the beat, in ways that Londoners now expect and are recognition of the change in the way more convenient. We have successfully the public want to access policing, we secured Government transformation will expect DWOs to be available to their funding to trial a Digital 101 service to community by phone, email and social enable Londoners to contact the MPS media, as well as being available at online in non-emergencies. This trial is specific, advertised times, in convenient currently under way, and the MPS has high-footfall locations to allow the public opened the @MetCC Twitter account to to discuss issues face to face. The times respond to non-emergency enquiries and locations of these should be agreed from 8am to 8pm. Early analysis shows in discussion with Ward Panels and increased access for deaf and hard-of- Safer Neighbourhood Boards, who hearing communities and indications that will also oversee the work to make more than half of the people accessing sure it happens, and suggest changes the online service would have otherwise as required. contacted the MPS by telephone. Of people using the @MetCC service, These arrangements must also 88 per cent have stated that they are be specifically tailored to the satisfied with the service they received. communities the officers are policing. They might, for example, include local We will build on this work, and on supermarkets, community centres, train existing work to move vehicle accident and underground stations or council reports online, to allow Londoners to buildings. Depending on the nature report more offences online, in a way that of the issue and if further contact is is convenient to them, offering people a required, the public will be able to make choice in how they access the MPS. appointments through these channels.

Where there is specific need, we will look at opportunities to co-locate on a more substantial basis with others, to provide a more extensive public access point, as we work to ensure public access resources are most appropriately allocated.

POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 41

We commit to: engagement with communities is provided, including police • Increase the number of Dedicated buildings, other locations in the Ward Officers in all London’s wards area, over the telephone, to at least two PCs and one PCSO, online and through the work of with more for the most vulnerable community networks such as wards, and publish data on their Safer Neighbourhood Boards and deployment. Ward Panels.

• Agree two local police priorities • Support Business Crime with each Borough, alongside Reduction Partnerships to make antisocial behaviour and a London a safer, better place mandatory focus on high-harm to work and do business, for crimes, and those which affect businesses of all sizes. the most vulnerable Londoners, supported by data and research • Support FALCON and the about crime, antisocial behaviour London Digital Security Centre to and confidence in the police. protect people and businesses from cyber crime. • Continue to support the London Independent Custody Visiting • Lobby for a change in the way Scheme in providing oversight in Late Night Levy funding is raised police custody, and the work of and spent, to allow for more Safer Neighbourhood Boards and targeted activity and working Ward Panels in providing local with the MPS, local authorities influence and oversight on policing. and businesses to improve the consistency in licensing. • Consult with communities and work with the MPS on how to • Work closely together with the ensure that public access to the MPS, TfL, British Transport Police, MPS is best tailored to meet the the City of London Police and the needs of Londoners. This work will Criminal Justice Service to improve explore the whole range of ways safety on public transport and on London’s road network. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 43

PROTECTING VICTIMS Changes to the management AND VULNERABLE PEOPLE structure of local policing, currently being tested, will enable us to bring The needs of victims are at the heart specialist officers and staff dealing of everything we do and we will work with protecting the most vulnerable and with the MPS to improve the service those at risk of sexual exploitation into they provide to victims of crime and integrated teams. This will better ensure vulnerable people. that the MPS can deploy specialist investigators as early as possible, and We will work with the MPS to reduce improve their chances of catching incidences where several different perpetrators and ensuring a seamless officers are in contact with a victim service for victims. as their case is investigated. Our aim is that, whenever possible and where Our aim is to provide a single point appropriate, more crimes will be dealt of referral for victims into MPS services with from start to finish by the same for investigating domestic abuse, child officer, improving consistency of service. abuse and sexual offences and to work with local authorities to ensure that We will also make significant changes enquiries are allocated to the right to the way the MPS and partners serve agency first time. the most vulnerable victims of crime. We expect DWOs to know their communities, The MPS is to trial new Mental Health taking steps to prevent crime and resolve Investigation Teams that will serve all 32 issues before they become problems. London Boroughs. These Mental Health An important part of this work is DWOs Teams are to be tested in East and North understanding the needs of the areas London. These teams are a completely they police, and the vulnerable people new concept, with the purpose of who live there – such as elderly residents improving joint agency working in living alone or people living in sheltered relation to problem solving, intervention accommodation - and providing a link and demand reduction. to the rest of policing to ensure they are protected from harm. Each Mental Health Team will consist of a team of case managers (at Police Constable rank, under the lead of a POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 43

dedicated Sergeant) who will identify We commit to: and take ownership of mental health demand. They will work with partners to • Work with the MPS to increase the problem-solve cases and reduce demand number of crimes dealt with from by addressing the underlying issues start to finish by the same officer, of vulnerability linked to mental health, improving consistency of service, better safeguarding vulnerable people and bringing specialist officers and and providing an improved service to staff dealing with protecting the most those living with mental health needs. We vulnerable and those at risk of sexual will professionalise the role of the Mental exploitation into integrated teams to Health Team Officer with an Approved improve speed, effectiveness and Professional Practice Course developed consistency of service. by the College of Policing. • Trial dedicated Mental Health Teams in two areas of London to work with We discuss our detailed plans for partners to problem-solve cases and protecting London’s most vulnerable reduce demand by addressing the people in the Our Priorities section of underlying issues of vulnerability this document. linked to mental health.

CASE STUDY: PROTECTING LONDONERS WITH DEMENTIA

The MPS has forged close links with dementia charities and has a number of staff working in collaboration with the Alzheimer’s Society to improve safeguarding and raise awareness. A number of staff are now Dementia Friends. A range of resources is being co-produced with partners, including The City of London Police and British Transport Police, to reinforce this work.

As part of the awareness campaign, the MPS will embed best practice with the launch of a toolkit for the Herbert Protocol. This is a national scheme being introduced by the MPS and other agencies which encourages carers to compile useful information which could be used in the event of a vulnerable person going missing. The initiative is named after George Herbert, a war veteran of the Normandy landings, who lived with dementia.

Carers, family members and friends can complete in advance a form recording all vital details, such as medication required, mobile numbers, places previously located, a photograph etc. In the event of a family member, resident or friend going missing, the form can be easily sent or handed to the police to reduce the time taken in gathering this information. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 45 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 45

TRANSFORMING THE We recognise that the motivation, METROPOLITAN POLICE SERVICE morale and expertise of the people of the MPS are critical if we are to achieve With budgets under increasing our vision of a safer city for all. As well as pressure, the MPS must transform listening to Londoners, it is every bit as the way it operates if it is to meet the vital to our decision making and scrutiny challenges of policing a growing city. roles that we hear from the officers, That means doing things differently – staff and volunteers working every day in the way the MPS is organised, how to keep our city safe. We have visited it manages its staff and how it uses many MPS teams, operations and staff technology – to make sure that we can associations across the city, and will get the most out of the money we have continue to do so, listening to their views and maximise the amount we spend on and showing our support and admiration frontline policing. for the tremendous work they do, day in and day out, for London. People in the MPS In our system of policing by consent, The MPS’ most valuable asset is its it is vital that the police service reflects people. Without their passion to serve, the diversity of the communities it their expertise, their commitment, serves. In a city as diverse as London, courage, compassion and public spirit, that is a challenge, and achieving a policing simply couldn’t work in London. representative workforce will take many We owe it to them to make the MPS a years of concerted effort. Progress better place to work, building a culture has been made: more than 40 per cent of fairness and transparency within the of applicants wanting to join the MPS organisation. as Police Constables now come from BAME communities and 32 per cent of them are women. Just under 30 per cent of recruits who successfully complete the process are BAME. The MPS has increased the number of BAME officers by 15.7 per cent over the past two years. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 47

However, just 26 per cent of officers We will support work already being in the ranks are female and 12.9 per driven by the MPS to develop effective cent are BAME. We are committed to training that ensures all leaders respect continuing this important work and and embrace difference – tackling increasing the diversity of the MPS discrimination in all its forms. To ensure workforce during the lifetime of this Plan. progress is made, we will hold the Commissioner to account for the MPS’ To accelerate the process of joining approach to inclusion and equality to the MPS and encourage candidates from ensure all officers, staff and volunteers a wider range of backgrounds, the MPS are treated with fairness and respect. will design, test and introduce, with the And we will oversee the delivery of the support of the College of Policing, a new Equality and Human Rights Commission’s police recruitment assessment process, recommendations to ensure that officers to select officers with unique skills for and staff feel able to come forward to policing London. This new system will report concerns and are treated with put ethics and values at the centre of fairness and respect. the selection process and help make the MPS more inclusive of all Londoners. In accordance with the Policing and Crime Act 2017, we will develop an We will continue to give our support oversight framework that will enable to voluntary routes into policing, the Deputy Mayor to fulfil the statutory encouraging more Londoners to consider responsibility to hold the Commissioner signing up as Special Constables, and to account for the exercise of their building on the success of the MPS functions in relation to the handling of Volunteer Police Cadets scheme, which police complaints. This is to ensure a gives young Londoners a chance to learn greater degree of transparency and about safety, build their confidence and integrity in complaints management and, skills, and assist the MPS in its work. ultimately, to increase public confidence in the MPS to deal with complaints fairly and efficiently. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 47

Technology in the MPS Forensic Services plays a critical role in the investigation of serious We will make the investments crime, bringing offenders to justice and necessary to ensure that the officers exonerating the innocent. Technology and staff of the MPS have the digital will transform crime scene investigation, equipment they need to operate with mobile devices enabling direct and efficiently and effectively in modern immediate submission of evidence from London. scenes to provide early investigative leads. The MPS’ forensic experts in We will bring frontline policing into fingerprints, firearms, imaging, digital the 21st century by equipping officers and science will move into a single, with mobile data tablets to enable them shared site with newly refurbished to work on the move, without having to laboratories. This will encourage closer return to the station to access or input joint working and reduce operating costs, information. against a background of increasing demand in serious sexually motivated We will complete the roll-out of 22,000 crime, child abuse and gun crime. BWV cameras to frontline officers in 2017, making the MPS the world leader in The rapid recovery of data from the use of this technology. The cameras digital devices such as smartphones will help to increase accountability and is critical to the majority of criminal confidence, deliver more guilty pleas investigations. In digital forensics, the and swifter justice, and help reduce MPS will implement a new operating complaints. The first stages of the roll- model where the majority of the out have already delivered a 40 per cent recovery of data will be undertaken by reduction in the number of complaints investigators through the deployment against officers equipped with BWV. of 96 digital forensics kiosks across the MPS. This new model will allow for quick We will invest in new core IT systems decisions to be made about whether for the MPS, providing better information a crime has been committed, provide to help the MPS to respond to crime evidence to support a criminal charge more effectively and reducing the need and support other MPS digital data for officers and staff to input information recovery and intelligence activities. into multiple, ageing systems – wasted time that could be better spent on operational policing. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 49

We will also invest in other systems In January 2017, a trial began of a to improve the MPS’ ability to new approach to the organisation and investigate crime, through MiPS (Met management of local policing. The MPS Integrated Policing System), which and Boroughs are trialling a model of will bring together information from fewer, larger Command Units covering Custody, Investigation, Intelligence more than one Borough. The aim of this and Prosecution, replacing a number of approach is to improve response to ageing existing systems. This will allow crime that crosses Borough boundaries, access and input of information through reduce the amount the MPS spends one interface and provide remote access on management and maximise the for officers and staff, improving the amount we can spend on frontline quality of investigations and providing policing such as neighbourhood teams smart ways of working, irrespective of and 999 response. location or device. The larger Command Units also bring Organisation of the MPS together specialist officers into larger, more locally based teams, strengthening Reducing resources and increasing their capacity to investigate serious needs mean that we have to look crimes and support victims. There are carefully at every aspect of how the two pathfinder projects – one in three MPS works to ensure that as much of outer London Boroughs (Barking and the resources we have are allocated Dagenham, Havering and Redbridge) to operational, frontline policing. Our and one covering two inner London ambition is that back office costs are Boroughs (Camden and Islington) – to reduced to 15 per cent of the MPS’ determine whether the approach works. overall expenditure. We will carefully consider the outcome of the pathfinders to determine whether it would be suitable to roll out more widely across the city.

And we will ensure that the MPS Wildlife Crime Unit continues to receive sufficient resources to do its work, and to support the Boroughs in their obligations to protect our environment. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 49

We commit to: • Invest in the technology the MPS needs to be a 21st-century crime- • Support the MPS as it works fighting organisation, including to increase the diversity of its body-worn video, mobile data workforce; develop a new recruiting tablets, digital forensic technology assessment process to select and core IT systems. officers with unique skills for policing London; and support • Review the outcome of the Basic voluntary routes into policing. Command Unit pathfinder project to assess whether it is suitable for • Hold the Commissioner to a wider roll-out across London. account for the MPS’ approach to inclusion and equality, and • Ensure that the MPS Wildlife oversee the delivery of the EHRC Crime Unit continues to receive recommendations on fairness sufficient resources to do its at work. work, and to support Boroughs in their obligations to protect our • Develop an oversight framework environment. that will enable the Deputy Mayor to hold the Commissioner to account for their work in relation to the handling of police complaints. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 51

STRATEGIC POLICING The MPS has a history of more than 30 years of counter-terrorism Protecting London from terrorism investigations, and has developed globally recognised expertise. It Terrorism is an ongoing threat to our has an effective track record of city and to cities around the world. The identifying, investigating and bringing MPS has, over many years, developed terrorists to justice. significant capability to deal with a wide range of threats. It works jointly with Should the worst happen, and an security partners to keep people safe attack happen, it is essential that the from terrorism. MPS has the resources it needs to respond rapidly and protect the city. The MPS must continue to adapt We have agreed an increase in armed to the changing nature of terrorism officers for London to ensure that the in order to effectively mitigate the MPS can respond quickly and decisively threat and instil public confidence. should the need arise. We commissioned Lord Toby Harris to prepare an independent review As well as protecting London, the MPS of emergency preparedness, which hosts a significant amount of national reported in October 2016.5 With work capability on behalf of the National CT well under way on his recommendations, Policing Network and plays a central role we will publish an update in due course. in the delivery of the National Counter Terrorist agenda (CONTEST). This Counter-terrorism policing begins includes an overseas network of police with community policing, with dedicated officers that operate to understand officers who know and are known by their the international links of terrorism and communities. These officers provide the protect UK interests overseas. The local eyes and ears to help detect and National CT Network is not a standalone prevent crime. When concerns do arise, agency but a collaboration across police MPS officers are in place to engage forces in England and Wales. It combines with communities and liaise with local local and specialist policing to effectively authorities to safeguard vulnerable counter the domestic and international citizens. By putting a second dedicated threats of terrorism and extremism. officer into every ward in the city, we will build that capacity, and with it the confidence of communities to speak to their local officers if they have concerns. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 51

The unique and complex nature Tackling serious and organised crime of London and its attractiveness as a terrorist target means that Gang crime does not refer only London receives funding through to young people in street gangs. the Government’s Counter-Terrorism Serious organised crime committed Grant, not only to keep the capital and by large and sophisticated networks its communities safe, but to support causes enormous harm to individuals wider national counter-terrorism effort. and communities in a whole range of We believe that lead responsibility for ways, driving offending such as drug counter-terrorism should remain part of trafficking, human trafficking, violence, the police service, rather than pass to weapon smuggling and child sexual the National Crime Agency. exploitation. We are committed to tackling the organised crime gangs Third-party funding is also provided responsible for this harm. to support policing at London Heathrow and City Airports. A sizeable amount of The MPS will continue to work to take the Counter-Terrorism Grant supports the financial incentives out of crime, wider local policing capabilities, which using powers under the Proceeds of is a necessary linked component to Crime Act 2002 (POCA). This includes support our ability to respond to terrorist seizing profits from high-end economic threats and attacks. We will continue to crime such as fraud and money scrutinise the level of funding provided laundering to profits made through the to the MPS for counter-terror activity, to drugs trade or from stolen vehicles. In ensure that it meets the needs of the city. the last financial year, the MPS seized £73m from criminals, a record amount. This money is reinvested in policing and CONTEST other services to keep communities safe.

CONTEST is the Government’s Prevent: to safeguard people from national strategy to reduce the becoming terrorists or supporting risk to the UK and its interests terrorism overseas from terrorism, so that Pursue: to stop terrorist attacks people can go about their lives happening in the UK and UK interests freely and with confidence. overseas CONTEST is based around four Protect: to strengthen our protection streams of work, each comprising against a terrorist attack in the UK or a number of key objectives: against our interests overseas Prepare: to mitigate the impact of a terrorist incident if it occurs POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 53 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 53

Gun crimes with lethal barrelled Being prepared for civil emergencies discharge have increased by 23.8 per cent since 2012 (these are incidents The police have a vital role to play in where a potentially lethal firearm has the response to any civil emergency, and been fired, as opposed to a less powerful the MPS is an integral part of the London weapon such as an airsoft pistol). It is Resilience Partnership (LRP), which essential that action is taken to address oversees preparedness in the city. The this. The MPS will continue its work to MPS is also consulted on national risks tackle gun crime, disrupting the supply of and contributes to national resilience deadly firearms in the city and bringing planning. The response to the most those who use them to justice. serious risks and emergencies will be pan-London and multi-agency, and the Local policing is vitally important MPS works with the LRP to ensure that in identifying and acting on organised its capabilities are regularly reviewed, crime, but we recognise that serious tested and up to date. organised criminal groups operate regionally, nationally and internationally. The MPS response to emergencies The MPS will continue to work within is part of its routine planning at all the national Integrated Operating organisational levels: operational, Model on organised crime, in line with tactical and strategic. The central the principles of the Home Office’s principle when an emergency occurs organised crime strategy, ‘Local to is to create an organisational structure Global’, which recognises that the thread that allows decision-makers to of organised crime runs through local, establish timely command, control and regional and national levels. coordination of the response efforts at the appropriate level. Many other agencies and organisations have a role to play in the This is further supported by the fight against organised crime, and the sharing of information with relevant MPS will continue to play an important or specialist partners involved in the regional role, hosting the Regional response. This maximises effectiveness Intelligence Unit bringing together but retains the flexibility to cater for oversight and coordination of activity multiple worst-case scenarios. to counter organised crime in London, involving the MPS, British Transport Police, City of London Police and security services. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 55

Managing threats to public order area). Since a legal judgement in 2012, and public safety the MPS has not been allowed to fully recover the costs of providing policing Our message to the world is clear: around football matches. This currently London is Open. Our great city attracts costs more than £6m a year, with only people from around the country and £660k recouped from clubs. We will all over the world for celebrations and continue to lobby the Home Office to participation in sporting and national address this situation. events and demonstrations. The MPS plays a vital role in ensuring that people There are fixtures, concerts and can enjoy our city and exercise their other events at venues including rights to protest in safety and security, Wembley National Stadium, Lords, the policing more than 3,500 public events Oval, Wimbledon, Twickenham and the in 2016. Public order policing in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park which capital requires considerable resource attract huge crowds. Throughout the – for which London only receives year, the MPS continues to plan policing half of the funding it needs from the operations for ceremonial, state and Government. We will continue to press royal occasions involving members of the Government to meet the full costs the Royal Family, Government, military incurred by the MPS in fulfilling its role in and heads of states. These often protecting the nation’s capital. involve complex and protracted security arrangements. Such is the scale of public order policing in the capital that the MPS has a dedicated Public Order team, planning and policing around 150 protests, 55 ceremonial events, 16 sporting events (along with 24 football matches) and around 60 concerts and festivals every month across the city.

Sport also plays a significant part in London life and policing operations. Football features prominently, with a number of clubs in the Premier League and 17 professional football teams in total (many more than any other force POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 55

The level of resources required to Policing nationally operates a system carry out public order policing are of mutual aid, through which officers established through the London Region from one force area can be deployed Strategic Threat & Risk Assessment in another when an urgent need arises. (STRA). The STRA and all of the MPS’ Notable examples of mutual aid in action regional commitments are discussed include the response to the London riots quarterly at London Region Public Order in 2011 and the security operation to and Public Safety (LRPOPS) with City Of protect the 2014 NATO Summit in Wales. London Police, British Transport Police, The National Public Order Mobilisation College of Policing, Home Office and Formula sets the London Region Mutual strategic stakeholders. This looks at Aid Requirement at 96 Police Support capacity, capability and co-ordination Units, with 75 retained in the London of our public order response across Region and 21 available for mutual aid London. This links directly into the should additional support be needed. National Public Order Public Safety These Police Support Units are teams of working group (NPOPS) to ensure that officers – one Inspector, three Sergeants through Commander Met Operations (as and 18 Constables – who are trained in regional NPCC lead) we have a link into public order and riot control policing. wider National Public Order and Public The training for these PSU officers in the Safety Policing. London region is provided by the MPS at the MPS Training Centre.

The previous Mayor spent hundreds of thousands of pounds of public money on three water cannons for the MPS – vehicles that have been refused licences and can never be used on our streets. We have put them up for sale. We will use the money saved on maintaining them, and any proceeds raised from their sale, to fund projects to tackle youth crime.

We will continue to provide scrutiny of this vital area of policing to ensure that it is carried out in an effective, efficient and proportionate way on behalf of Londoners. Technology Being prepared for cyber-emergencies Technology is integral to every aspect is integral to of life in our city, and protecting our every aspect of digital infrastructure is as important as protecting our physical infrastructure. life in our city, The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) now incorporates what was and protecting previously known as CERT-UK (Computer our digital Emergency Response Team). A new national cyber incident response policy infrastructure has been prepared, approved and will be disseminated to relevant bodies in the is as important near future. as protecting In the event of a national cyber our physical emergency (previously known as a Tier 1 event) the NCSC will manage infrastructure the cyber aspects of the incident and support a COBR process (Government emergency response committees), which will manage the incident together with any real-world impacts. The NCSC will convene co-ordination meetings with relevant partners to agree incident management objectives and an incident management plan, to feed into COBR

The MPS Cyber Crime Unit (SC&O7) now consists of 42 staff including two secondees from the City of London Police. The unit forms part of a national network of regional cyber-crime units who participate in a tasking process managed by the National Crime Agency. Action Fraud now provides a 24/7 service for the reporting of cyber crime incidents and the NCA’s National Cyber Crime Unit operates a 24/7 response. Work is POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 57

currently under way to determine how Tackling child sexual abuse the regional network could operate an on-call system that would bolster the Child sexual abuse is now recognised NCA response, particularly out of hours. in the Strategic Policing Requirement as an issue of national importance, one The Cyber Crime Unit incorporates the which all police forces must act on. following functions: We reflect this throughout our Plan, ensuring that child sexual exploitation • Embedded tactical intelligence is a mandatory element of all local policing priorities, making significant • Operational support improvements to the way the MPS • Enforcement delivers its services to protect vulnerable • Technical (network investigators) people, and through a comprehensive programme of action for protecting Outside of the CCU, SC&O7 (through children from abuse and exploitation set Operation FALCON) has an establishment out in the chapter Keeping children and of 270 officers and staff focused on fraud young people safe. and cyber investigations and prevention.

We will work with and oversee the MPS on its preparedness to meet a cyber-emergency, integrating with the wider national response. The Mayor is to appoint a Chief Digital Officer for London, and they will work closely with the police and security services to develop a cyber security strategy that will better protect our digital infrastructure and ensure that Londoners and businesses have the information and resources they need to stay safe online.

In addition, MOPAC will continue to support the work of the London Digital Security Centre, providing specialist cyber security advice to small businesses and organisations across the city at an affordable price. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 59 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 59

THE LONDON CRIME PREVENTION The majority of the LCPF funding will FUND be awarded directly to Local Authorities according to levels of need and demand. The Mayor’s London Crime Prevention This funding will continue to provide Fund (LCPF) was established in 2013 support for victims of domestic and sexual violence, prevention and early to provide support to projects and intervention and the rehabilitation organisations involved in preventing of offenders within the community. crime across the city. It brought together Examples of projects funded through the a number of funding streams and ran LCPF are featured throughout this Plan. from 2013/14 to 2016/17 in line with the previous Police and Crime Plan. A portion of LCPF budget – 30 per cent from 2018/19 onwards – will form In recognition of the crucial role a separate pot of funding intended LCPF funding now plays in delivering to support the co-commissioning of local services which support policing services across boroughs. Splitting the activity, the Mayor has protected and LCPF budget in this way acknowledges maintained the LCPF budget at £72 the important role this funding now plays in supporting local community million for the duration of this Police and safety and prevention services while also Crime Plan, despite mounting pressure recognising that some London problems on the MPS budget. can be more effectively addressed by commissioning solutions across Borough boundaries, with local authorities working together and alongside regional partners to develop better quality and more consistent services.

POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 61

A better Criminal Justice Service for London

The effective, swift and fair delivery of justice is the basis of law and order, but in London, the group of organisations responsible for providing justice too often fail to meet the needs and expectations of Londoners. In order to deliver a Criminal Justice Service that truly works for London, we must put victims of crime in London first and implement measures to rehabilitate our offenders.

POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 63

For many years we have had a A significant proportion of crime in justice system – not a service – more the capital is committed by people who responsive to central Government than have committed other crimes in the past. to the people of London, making it It is clear that more should be done to impossible to deliver real change for the rehabilitate them and reduce the chance better. This is why the Mayor pledged of them committing further crimes. – and has secured – an agreement with the Government to work towards the We must also recognise that many devolution of responsibility for parts of offenders have also been victims of the Criminal Justice Service to London, crime themselves, often at a very early giving greater local control of the age, and that interventions to address delivery of justice than ever before. the causes of their offending behaviour may make a difference in their future We want to see the Criminal Justice behaviour – and so make communities System in London transform into a safer. Criminal Justice Service with victims firmly at its heart, and the reduction In order to deliver on our priorities, of reoffending – and therefore the we will implement measures to: prevention of crime – as one of its main objectives. • Put victims at the heart of the Criminal Justice Service. Victims of crime can be very vulnerable, both in the immediate • Tackle reoffending. aftermath of the crime, as their case progresses through the Criminal Justice By delivering these ambitions, we aim to: Service and, in some cases, for a long time afterwards. They need care and • Improve service for victims, including support to help them recover from increased compliance with the their experience, with support services Victims Code of Practice. tailored to their needs. But as well as • Improve victim satisfaction with the working for people who have become service they receive through the victims of crime, the Justice Service justice process. also has an important role to play in preventing people from becoming • Reduce offending behaviours of victims in the first place by reducing young adults, persistent offenders reoffending and preventing crime. and female offenders. THE LONDON CRIMINAL JUSTICE We will work together to: DEVOLUTION AGREEMENT • Develop a shared view of Following intensive lobbying by the benefits and better the Mayor, on 8th March 2017, the outcomes in London that Chancellor announced the beginning could be delivered by the of work towards the devolution of devolution of criminal justice responsibility for some elements of services; and the Criminal Justice Service out of central Government and to the Mayor • Identify the criminal justice of London. services that can best be delivered locally to The agreement is as follows: complement, enhance and support national reform 1. The Government will work with programmes, in line with the Mayor, the Mayor’s Office for national frameworks and Policing and Crime (MOPAC) and standards. London Boroughs to improve the quality of Criminal Justice Service 2. A Memorandum of Understanding delivery and enable more effective (MoU) will be agreed by June criminal justice outcomes for 2017 to support the process for London. collaborative working.

We will work closely with the Ministry of Justice, the Criminal Justice Service and other partner organisations to ensure we achieve a devolution arrangement that will enable us to deliver the ambitions of this Police and Crime Plan, improving service for victims and reducing reoffending in London. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 65

PUTTING VICTIMS AT THE HEART Prosecution Service, Ministry of Justice OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICE and victims themselves, and will report directly to the Deputy Mayor for Policing Our clear ambition for the Criminal and Crime. Justice Service in London is for it to effectively and fairly deliver justice The Victims’ Commissioner will also for all victims of crime. But delivering work to ensure that the requirements and justice does not just extend to seeing an commitments under the national Code of offender punished and put on a path to Practice for Victims of Crime are being rehabilitation. Delivering true justice for met. Adherence to the Code of Practice victims means helping them to recover by the MPS needs to improve, and the from the trauma of the crime they have Commissioner will conduct a full review experienced and supporting them in their of compliance in the MPS and other ongoing recovery. partner agencies.

Not every victim will need the same MOPAC is responsible for level or type of support, but we will commissioning most services for champion all victims and defend their victims in London, and will spend a total interests. In order to do this effectively, of £63m on these services between MOPAC will appoint London’s first 2017 and 2021. As part of this work we independent Victims’ Commissioner. will ensure that we are commissioning They will support the Mayor and MOPAC support services that reflect the full as we work to improve the experience of range of needs that victims of crime in victims and survivors of crime in London. London have. We will review and refine our services on an ongoing basis, making By working with victims and victims’ sure that they reach out to the full range groups the Commissioner will be a of diverse communities in the capital and dedicated champion to stand up for ensure that all victims are supported. survivors of crime throughout the capital and ensure that their voices are heard This work will include the MPS, as clearly and can drive improvements in we seek to improve levels of victim victims’ services across policing and the satisfaction across all of London’s Criminal Justice Service. communities. We will continue to measure and track victim satisfaction in The new Victims Commissioner will the MPS, holding the Commissioner of work with central Government and the Metropolitan Police to account for stakeholders including the MPS, Crown their performance. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 67

THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICE

The Criminal Justice Service is made up of a range of national and local agencies including:

The Police Investigating crimes and arresting suspects

The Crown Prosecution Making decisions on whether or not crimes should be Service (CPS) prosecuted. Her Majesty’s Courts and Holding trials to decide a suspect’s guilt or innocence Tribunal Service (HMCTS) and deciding the punishment for guilty persons. Serving the court to help them select the most The National Probation appropriate sentence and managing high-risk Service (NPS) offenders not in custody.

Replaces the National Offender Management Service HM Prisons and Probation from 1st April 2017, and will have full operational Service (HMPPS) responsibility for all operations across prison and probation.

From 1st April 2017 will have operational responsibility The Youth Custody Service for the day-to-day running of the youth secure estate (YCS) and will be a distinct arm of the new HMPPS.

Oversees youth justice services in England and The Youth Justice Board Wales, including advising on the operation of and (YJB) standards for services and making grants to local authorities for youth offending services.

Responsible for assessing whether or not prisoners The Parole Board can be safely released into the community. The London Community Managing medium- and low-risk offenders, either on Rehabilitation Company community sentence or on release from custody. (CRC) POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 67

While we currently have good Repeat victims evidence of confidence and satisfaction with the MPS through a survey of victims Too many victims in London are on their experience of policing, no such people who have been victims of crime evidence exists for the performance before, either at the hands of the same of other parts of the Criminal Justice offenders, or different ones. These Service. This means it is hard for repeat victims have particularly pressing agencies to focus on activity to improve needs, and must be supported. victim satisfaction, and consequently services, as they are unable to learn what The most recent data available shows works. We will introduce a new survey of that 12 per cent of victims of crime in satisfaction across the whole Criminal February 2017 had been the victim of at Justice Service so that we can identify least one other crime in the previous 12 where there are problems and develop months. As we commission services, we partnership plans to fix them. will be acutely aware of and responsive to the needs of these victims, to ensure We know that restorative justice is that we break the cycle that sees often one service that works to improve victim vulnerable people become victims time satisfaction. Restorative justice gives and time again. Some of these repeat those victims who want it an opportunity victims have suffered specific crimes to communicate with those who have such as abuse, sexual violence or hate offended against them, and allows them crime, and measures to tackle these to explain the impact of the crime on priority crimes are set out in this Plan. their life. By giving victims a voice in this way, we can improve their satisfaction as One issue that victims regularly well as bring offenders face to face with raise as an area for improvement is the the consequences of their actions. It will provision of information throughout never be appropriate in all cases, and it is the criminal justice process. This is not a soft option - it will only be an option currently subject to national work across once an offender has admitted guilt, with the national agencies, but in order to no influence on sentencing. But for those make progress in London, the MPS will cases where it can improve outcomes, it implement a new online crime tracking will be available through a new London portal as part of its wider transformation Restorative Justice Service funded by programme. This will give victims easy MOPAC, Restore:London, which is being access to information on the progress of rolled out and evaluated. their case. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 69

As victims progress through the Criminal Justice Service, they need CASE STUDY: HOW JUSTICE more support than just the provision of DEVOLUTION COULD HELP information. Many who come to court IMPROVE SERVICE TO VICTIMS will do so as witnesses as well as victims, and we need to ensure that Currently, the Court Witness joined-up support is available to support Service – which provides support them in these two roles which, while to victims as their case goes obviously linked, are separate and can to court – is commissioned cause different types of difficulties nationally and in isolation to and distress. local victim support services commissioned in London. As Currently the general support a result, victims have multiple services to victims of crime in London points of contact, having to are commissioned by MOPAC, while relive their trauma several times over, and in many cases receive the court-based witness service is a conflicting information on the nationally commissioned service. As part status of their case. of our devolution plan, we will work to join up the services available and ensure Devolution of the Court they are better suited to the specific Witness Service to regional needs of Londoners. commissioning arrangements would enable us to combine By improving the experience of services, meaning that a victim these victims through the Criminal can receive care and support from Justice Service we would expect to one person, from the point when see improvements in their engagement they report a crime to the criminal with the process, and a reduction in conviction and beyond. Most the attrition in court cases – that is, importantly, they would not have cases failing to be completed as a result to face the trauma of telling their of victims and witnesses declining story to several different people, to cooperate with the authorities, they would get consistency in or withdrawing during the process. terms of the data and information Currently this happens too often in communicated, and there would London, meaning victims do not get be less scope for confusion. justice and offenders can go unpunished. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 69

As well as increasing the support for We commit to: victims and witnesses, we believe that victims will be better served if they don’t • Appoint London’s first Victims’ have to wait so long for justice to be Commissioner; work to improve done. Latest figures available show that, compliance with the national Code of at present, victims wait nearly 170 days Practice for Victims of Crime. for a case to go through a Magistrates • Ensure that we are commissioning Court in London, or more than 500 days 6 victims’ services that reflect the for a Crown Court. full range of needs that victims of crime in London have. We will We will work with the Criminal Justice continuously review and refine our Service in order to reduce the length of services, including their ability to time taken, wherever that is possible. reach out to the huge range of diverse That will include work with the police communities in the capital. to ensure that the speed and quality of files coming from the MPS to the CPS is • Look to do what we can to reduce improved, including by investing in new gaps in victim satisfaction in the MPS technology to allow the digital transfer across London’s communities and of evidence. We will also encourage the introduce a new survey of satisfaction use of evidence from BWV in court as we in across the Criminal Justice Service continue to roll this out across the MPS. to identify similar gaps and drive better decision making. • Increase the provision of restorative justice through the new London Restorative Justice Service. • Work on the introduction of a new online crime tracking portal for the MPS. • Work to join up the services available to witnesses and victims of crime as they go through the justice process, and ensure these are better suited to the specific needs of Londoners. • Press partners in all parts of the CJS to speed up the delivery of justice and encourage the use of evidence from BWV in court as we continue to roll this out across the MPS. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 71

Reducing reoffending Community sentences are right for those who do not pose a risk to the While supporting victims of crime and public. Prison is expensive and often delivering justice for them by punishing ineffective, and should be reserved for offenders should be at the heart of an the most serious or dangerous offenders. effective Criminal Justice Service, the Where people can be safely managed in ultimate ambition is of course to reduce the community they should be, but this the number of people who are victims of means improving the effectiveness of crime in the first place. community sentences, and we will work with HM Prison and Probation Service to As well as the work of the MPS aid the development of more effective and partner agencies to cut crime, Rehabilitation Activity Requirements effective rehabilitation of offenders by (RAR) in London to support greater use the Criminal Justice Service can also of community sentences. make a significant contribution to crime reduction. Performance in this area in One of the orders with the highest London is currently in need of significant compliance levels is the Alcohol improvement, with 24 per cent of all Abstinence Monitoring Requirement, offenders reoffending within a year of where offenders are banned from ending their sentence. drinking and electronically monitored to ensure compliance, which is run by The majority of offenders do not go MOPAC and has compliance rates in to prison but are, instead, managed excess of 90 per cent. We would like in the community through fines, to see even greater use of tagging and community sentences and suspended electronic monitoring to improve the sentences. The reoffending rates for effectiveness of community orders, and these sentences are high and need we will continue to work with the Ministry to be improved. For example, the of Justice to make progress in this area, reoffending rate for people given court introducing innovative new tagging- orders in London is 31 per cent, and based interventions where possible. the reoffending rate for those given fines 32 per cent. Too many people will The majority of offenders on receive community sentences but then community orders in London are continue to offend, until custody is the managed by the London Community final option. This means more people Rehabilitation Company (CRC). A recent become victims of crime, and more of report by Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of the valuable time and resources of the Probation7 identified significant areas MPS and CJS are wasted. of failure and a need for improvement POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 71

across probation services. Some of probation arrangements, which will have these improvements are also required an important impact on future probation in the National Probation Service, which performance in London, funding and manages the most high-risk offenders. future devolution discussions. We await the findings of this review with interest. Management of all offenders in London must be improved, and this When people commit serious crimes, work must be led by the probation pose a risk to the public, or the courts services, but can only be delivered in have run out of sentencing options it partnership with other agencies, such is right that they go to prison. But the as local authorities and the MPS. We are current prison system does far too little committed to improving the quality of to rehabilitate the people within it and offender management in London, and prepare them for a life free from crime on will work with the Ministry of Justice the outside. and the Criminal Justice Service as we work towards devolution. Our aim An important response to this is for London to take on a greater is the development of ‘through the role in the commissioning of offender gate’ services which reach from management services, alongside the the community into prison, so that Prison and Probation Service to first and offenders are supported both in prison foremost improve standards but also and outside. MOPAC will work with the allow more local flexibility, innovation Ministry of Justice, HM Prison and and better coordination with other Probation Service, the London CRC, local local services including healthcare and authorities and other partners to deliver accommodation. a new pathfinder of integrated services into prisons to reduce reoffending. We also aim for London to have a greater influence over probation and For this to succeed, though, it is the London division of the Community important that more prisoners are Rehabilitation Company (CRC). This able to serve their sentences closer will include integrating MOPAC into to home. Currently offenders from the current oversight arrangements London are spread around 40 different of the London CRC with the intention prisons around the country. This of devolving the full contract and makes it extremely difficult for family commissioning responsibilities over relationships – considered an important once the current contract ends in 2021. part of reducing reoffending on release The Ministry of Justice is currently – to continue, and stops services in undertaking a review of national London effectively reaching into prisons POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 73

to support offenders as they come to the end of their sentences. MOPAC will RACE, DISPROPORTIONALITY continue to make the case for London’s AND INEQUALITY IN THE offenders to serve their sentences closer CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICE to home, and these considerations should form part of the evaluation by Everyone should be equal the Ministry of Justice as it decides on in the eyes of the law. This is future prison closure or expansion plans. fundamental to the administration of justice in our country and Regardless of the sentencing decision, essential if public confidence we want to ensure that all offenders in the fairness of the Justice have access to better pathways out of Service is to be maintained. crime. Working along similar lines to the proposed prison pathfinder, we will bring Half (51 per cent) of the UK- the Greater London Authority (GLA), local born BAME population and authorities and other partners together 35 per cent of the UK-born to improve access to housing, education white population agree that and employment opportunities, vital to “the Criminal Justice Service providing stability and reducing the risk discriminates against particular of offenders turning back to crime. groups”. This must be addressed if we are to have confidence that Given the importance of employment the Justice Service works in the to reducing reoffending, we will interests of all Londoners. The specifically focus on opportunities to final report of the Lammy Review improve offenders’ chances of getting a is expected in spring 2017, job after a sentence has ended, working and we will be considering his with the GLA and with businesses to recommendations carefully. offer more job opportunities to offenders and developing offenders’ skills to make them more employable.

Although we want to reduce reoffending by all groups of offenders, there are some specific groups where particular attention is needed: young adults, persistent offenders and female offenders. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 73

Young adults: The transition between Persistent offenders: We know people being young offenders and that a minority of offenders commit a adults can often represent a cliff-edge disproportionate amount of crime. We in the support that they receive. While want to see reoffending rates of the we focus services on young offenders, most prolific offenders reduce, which will which is covered in the Keeping children mean tackling the often complex needs and young people safe chapter of that they have, delivering rehabilitative this Plan, this can often fall away when services to them in what are often people move into the adult justice chaotic lives with links to alcohol and process. This can undo the work that drug abuse or mental health needs. has been taking place to rehabilitate an Evidence shows that they are more likely offender. It wastes resources and misses to have been exposed to crime and opportunities to turn people’s lives violence themselves, often from a around. We will work with our partners young age, and have learning difficulties to deliver a specific approach across all or lack basic literacy and numeracy criminal justice agencies that is focused skills. Addressing each of these on continuing and integrating services underlying issues is necessary if we to minimise these risks at the transition are to divert these most challenging point between youth and adult services. individuals away from a life of crime and make a lasting difference to levels of reoffending in London.

PRISON PATHFINDER

We will look to opportunities presented by devolution to develop a ‘prison pathfinder’ which will:

• Ensure that prisons play a fully integrated role within London’s Criminal Justice Service

• Bridge the gap between custody and the community by supporting the ambition for prisoners to serve their sentences closer to home, thereby providing a platform to strengthen family relations and enabling continuity of services on release.

• Demonstrate how London can reduce violence within prisons and offer greater rehabilitation opportunities. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 75

Female offenders: Women and girls in the Criminal Justice Service have very CASE STUDY: THE LONDON CRIME specific needs that we have an obligation PREVENTION FUND – TACKLING to meet. Female offenders need services FEMALE OFFENDING that are specifically tailored to these needs and their circumstances. These From 2013/14 to 2016/17, might be issues connected to their MOPAC invested £1 million of home lives if they are primary carers, or LCPF funding to deliver a new specific mental and other health needs. and innovative approach to Wherever possible, we will seek to divert addressing female offending low-risk women from the formal criminal in Lambeth. The Beth Centre, justice processes. We will achieve this by commissioned and part-funded working with the MPS to design and pilot by the London Borough of Lambeth and delivered by Women a police-led triage service that, where in Prison, offers women a safe and appropriate will divert these women into comfortable space to address specialist support services. their needs. It provides targeted interventions around domestic Where women do need to be formally violence, sexual violence, gang- dealt with by the CJS, we will work to affiliated violence and parenting rehabilitate them so that they can turn support delivered by experienced away from crime and lead productive specialists. lives. We will push for additional investment from partners, on top of Under the next iteration of £500,000 that MOPAC is investing, LCPF, MOPAC has committed a to expand access to specialist women’s further £418,724 over the next centres so that female offenders two years to continue to develop across London have access to gender- the Beth Centre. appropriate provision designed to tackle reoffending. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 75

We commit to: • Bring the GLA, local authorities and other partners together to • Continue to drive forward and test expand access to services that work innovative and whole-systems with offenders and their families, approaches to tackling persistent including work to develop offenders’ offenders to support greater skills to improve their employability consistency and effectiveness across and increase their access to job London. opportunities.

• Review the use of community • Work with our partners to deliver a sentences in London to ensure that specific approach to young adults across all criminal justice agencies the right interventions are used that is focused on continuing and with offenders to reduce their risk integrating services, particularly at of reoffending, and work to improve the transition point between youth compliance with community orders, and adult services including through the further use of electronic monitoring. • Work to divert low-risk women from the formal criminal justice processes • Work with the Ministry of Justice, through police-led triage and push for HM Prison and Probation Service, additional investment from partners the National Probation Service, the to expand access to specialist London CRC, local authorities and women’s centres so that female other partners to deliver a new prison offenders across London have access pathfinder of integrated services into to gender-appropriate provision prisons to reduce reoffending. designed to tackle reoffending. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 77

CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND HEALTH In situations where children or those with vulnerabilities such as mental health Health issues, such as drug addiction conditions come into police custody, we and mental health, act as a driver to both will work to improve measures to divert offending and victimisation. As a result, these people and into appropriate social they are issues that the police regularly and health services better equipped come into contact with. However, the to safeguard them, helping to reduce police and criminal justice agencies are reoffending and repeat victimisation. often not best placed to deal with the underlying health issues that lead people We recognise that points at which to commit crime or contribute to them offenders with health needs transfer becoming victims, and it is vital that between services – from the police to the links between policing, the Criminal prison, or from prison to the community Justice Service and health services are – can disrupt any ongoing treatment strong and effective. they are receiving and increase their risk of reoffending. To mitigate that risk, Health services do an important job we will seek to influence local health in working with the police to ensure that commissioning priorities to provide police custody is a safe place, treating better continuity of healthcare as people health issues in detainees if they arise. move between these different settings. We will review the effectiveness of the current arrangements to provide health Alongside the Police and Crime Plan, services to people in custody to ensure further aspects of Mayoral policy on they are provided in an effective and health will be set out in the London well-managed way. Health Inequalities Strategy, and in mental health which will be delivered Drug use is not only a health risk but through the London Health Board a powerful driver of criminal behaviour, THRIVE programme. and we will review arrangements for the provision of drug testing on arrest, and how police can refer arrested persons found to be using drugs to services to help them address these issues – which, if successful, may help to reduce reoffending. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 77

We commit to:

• Use co-commissioning to drive efficiencies across health and justice, particularly in the priority areas of sexual violence and child sexual exploitation.

• Review the effectiveness of police custody healthcare arrangements to ensure the most effective model of provision and clinical governance.

• Review the effectiveness of Drug Intervention Programmes in London and that of the current arrangements for drug testing in police custody to ensure the most effective use of current funds invested in reducing the impact of substance misuse on offending in London.

• Work to reduce the number of children and vulnerable people in custody through improved, sustained diversionary strategies – resulting in improved access to health services to reduce offending and repeat victimisation.

• Influence local health commissioning priorities and transformation plans to ensure better alignment of services and improved transfer and continuity of care between settings, particularly for those with vulnerabilities.

POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 79

Our priorities Keeping children Some Londoners are at higher risk and young people safe of becoming victims of crime, or of being exploited by others to commit criminal acts. In this section, we set out our plans to drive efforts to tackle three issues of high concern and high harm across London.

Tackling violence against women and girls

Standing together against hatred, intolerance and extremism POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 81

KEEPING CHILDREN AND For this reason, one of our core YOUNG PEOPLE SAFE priorities for this Police and Crime Plan is to reduce the crimes that cause most We all want a safe city for our children, harm to children and young people, such where they can grow, play, learn, travel as knife crime, gang-related crime, sexual and reach their potential without having abuse and serious youth violence, and to fear or experience crime. We want to take action against those who prey our children to grow up in a culture of on children, either by offending against respect – for themselves, for others and them or by grooming and exploiting for the law. them to engage in criminal behaviour. Our approach involves preventing crime, Unfortunately, the reality for some intervening with those already involved children and young people in London is in criminal activity, and taking tough far different. Too many children are born enforcement action against those who into violent and abusive households, persist in breaking the law. into communities damaged by crime and antisocial behaviour, into chaotic families With decreasing resources available affected by drugs and alcohol abuse. to the MPS, youth services and the health service, we will only go some It cannot be right that a child’s future way towards improving the safety of – and their childhood – is undermined in all of London’s young people. But if the this way. If we fail to act, more children agencies we are responsible for, and will continue to fall into the trap of crime those we partner with, work collectively and we will continue to store up problems to first get the basics of child protection for the future. right and then build targeted and focused services for London’s youth, then we will make progress where, in the past, we have seen stagnation or diminishing performance. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 81

In order to deliver on our priorities, Protecting young Londoners we will take action to: from crime

• Protect and safeguard young Young Londoners should feel safe and Londoners, and particularly support secure wherever they are. But there are them when they are victims of crime. too many children who do not feel safe on London’s streets, on public transport, • Tackle knife crime and other violence online, or at home. More must be done to by and against young people. protect and support all young Londoners • Comprehensively address the and, in particular, the most vulnerable or problem of gang violence in London. those who have been victims of crime. • Focus on preventing young people from getting involved in crime and Alongside our work to improve the entering the Criminal Justice Service police service provided to all Londoners, for the first time. we will make additional improvements to the service provided to young people. • Address reoffending by young people. We will put in place more specialist schools officers, focused on the safety By delivering on these ambitions, we and protection of young people, and aim to: make sure they are available across the range of London’s schools, including • Reduce young people’s chances of Pupil Referral Units where some of those becoming victims of crime. at highest risk of offending are educated. • Reduce the number of first-time All children and young people in London entrants to the Criminal Justice will have a direct line of engagement with Service. the MPS, helping to keep them safe and • Reduce the number of knife crimes improving trust and confidence in our – by volume and numbers of repeat first emergency service. victimisation. We also need to have a better • Reduce the number of gun crimes understanding of the parts of London (including discharges). where young people are at highest • Encourage more victims of Child risk. MOPAC will work with the MPS and Sexual Abuse and Exploitation to partners to develop a strong evidence come forward and report. base on the youth crime hotspots across the capital to identify the public spaces where young Londoners are least safe. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 83

This evidence will be used to inform local CASE STUDY: A WHOLE-SCHOOL neighbourhood policing plans to ensure APPROACH TO CRIME that the police are on hand at the places PREVENTION and times of highest risk for young people, such as key transport hubs at MOPAC is working with school closing time. Croydon Council to pilot a new, whole-school approach to We will also continue to support the protecting children and young City Safe Haven initiative, which provides people, providing information and places of safety for those who are in support on safety to teachers and immediate danger or feel threatened and pupils from Year 6 onwards and ensure that these are matched with the making personal safety part of hotspots where possible. everyday learning. As well as tackling those places The project aims to equip where young people are most at risk of teachers and other education becoming victims, we will take stronger professionals with the knowledge, steps to improve the protection of skills and confidence to identify those young people who are themselves and take the appropriate next most at risk, to reduce their chances of steps with children and young becoming victims and ensure they can people at risk of victimisation or lead productive and engaged lives. offending. In order to get the basics right, it is, Equally, it seeks to educate in the first instance, essential that there pupils on the risks of crime, by are robust measures in place to identify helping them to understand the those children and young people most at warning signs of crime and abuse, risk, and critical to this is better sharing how to make positive life choices of information. That means working and where to get help if they with the MPS, NHS England, Clinical are concerned for themselves Commissioning Groups and London or for others. The project uses Safeguarding leads to bring together drama and arts to involve young information to improve our identification people in scenarios to see and of the most vulnerable young people. understand the consequences of different courses of action, as well as to see actions from different points of view. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 83

This type of partnership work is The critical role that the police play essential. Protecting vulnerable children in child protection and safeguarding and young people cannot be achieved has, in the past, been neglected, and by the MPS alone, although its role oversight by MOPAC has been less than is crucial. So MOPAC will continue to it should have been, particularly given fund the London Safeguarding Children MOPAC’s statutory safeguarding duty. Board (LSCB) and will work with London This was highlighted in a report into child Boroughs’ Safeguarding Children and protection by Her Majesty’s Inspectorate Adult Boards to develop consistent of Constabulary (HMIC) published in and effective practice and information November 2016.8 sharing by local Multi-Agency Safety Hubs (MASH) to protect children across The HMIC report identified poor London. practice in the MPS’ response to allegations of crimes against young Local authorities across London, of people, in identifying clear signs of child course, have an essential role to play sexual exploitation, and in dealing with in safeguarding our young people, missing children or children at risk. This particularly those in care. Currently far response is simply unacceptable and will too many looked-after children come be improved. into contact with the police and other criminal justice agencies. Wherever Action must be taken, not just in possible we must find more appropriate response to the HMIC report but to ways of dealing with these vulnerable ensure that the MPS is ready to deliver young people, improving prevention work an effective policing service in future, to reduce the number of looked-after and we have carried out urgent work children being in the situation where with the MPS to put in place a detailed they’re likely to be arrested. and wide-ranging action plan to address “...we must LISTENING TO YOUNG ensure that we LONDONERS have measures in We are committed to place to respond ensuring that the voices of young Londoners are heard comprehensively, and reflected in the work that effectively and we do. compassionately We have consulted with young Londoners in a variety in those tragic of ways during the preparation cases when young of this Plan, and we will continue to do so as we deliver Londoners become on its commitments, through our Youth Voice survey and victims of crime.” through our work with the MPS on public access and engagement. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 85

these failings. The plan includes a new, HMIC also identified concerns about independent group of child protection the number of young people in police experts and academics to drive the custody, and particularly the use of oversight and change necessary to custody as a place of safety. We will work ensure that children in our city are not with the LSCB and The Association of let down when they are most vulnerable. London Directors of Children’s Services In addition, child sexual exploitation to review the effectiveness of London’s is one of the high-harm crimes that appropriate adult scheme, local authority will now be a mandatory part of local accommodation and the provision of policing priorities, to ensure that the mental health secure beds – which, if MPS maintains its focus on protecting not available, can leave the police little children in every part of the city. choice but to take a child into custody for their own safety – so that action can MOPAC will, together with the College be taken to reduce the number of young of Policing and the National Police Chiefs’ people who spend time in police custody. Council, oversee the implementation of HMIC’s recommendations and develop In working to protect our most better oversight arrangements for the vulnerable children and young people, future. We will leave no stone unturned we must ensure that we have measures in our efforts to put things right, and in place to respond comprehensively, give children in our city the protection effectively and compassionately in those they deserve. tragic cases when young Londoners become victims of crime. We will, then, ensure that as we commission victims’ services the needs of children and young people are met in the services delivered. THE LONDON CHILD SEXUAL • Young women are at greatest EXPLOITATION NEEDS risk of CSE and there are a ASSESSMENT number of key vulnerabilities increasing risk including: MOPAC and NHS England looked-after children, family commissioned an assessment of the dysfunction, gang association, level of CSE in London and the scale bereavement, homelessness, of the need for support services, in sexual orientation and learning order to inform our future work. disabilities.

It found that: • Increasing numbers of adult survivors of child sexual abuse • Data on prevalence is limited are now coming forward. but estimates indicate that However, service provision is between three and 16 young limited. Self-help organisations people may be at risk of have developed to respond to sexual abuse each week in the these unmet needs and average London borough. are highly valued, but poorly co-ordinated and poorly • The Crime Survey for England resourced. & Wales (CSEW) estimates that 11 per cent of adult females and four per cent of males have experienced some form of sexual abuse as a child. In the average London Borough, around 11,000 adult women and 3,500 adult men are survivors of CSE. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 87

Responding to the needs of young It is clear from this work that there is victims of crime, particularly for the significant unmet demand for services, most appalling cases such as child and a significant number of unidentified sexual abuse, must be seen in a victims. MOPAC will work with local challenging local and national context. Boroughs to facilitate greater use of The MPS has carried out more than publicly-available information such 17,000 investigations into child sexual as social media to enable the earlier abuse over the past year. Nearly 1,600 identification and safeguarding of young children in London have been identified people at risk of CSE. by the MPS as being at risk of sexual exploitation. The MPS is increasing activity aimed at tackling online child sexual abuse. This is a hugely important and The response is delivered at a local demanding area of police work. It is level as well as centrally for the more one that affects girls and boys alike, serious and complex investigations. which takes place in our communities Reactive investigation typically starts and online, and is likely to grow further with one victim but can quickly grow in as more victims gain the confidence scale where offenders are abusing large to come forward. The Children’s numbers of young victims. Proactively, Commissioner estimates that presently the MPS runs a number of undercover only one in eight abused children operations online, engaging with is identified. In recognition of the predatory paedophiles, resulting in seriousness of this problem, CSE is now arrest, prosecution and convictions. A an element of the national Strategic new pan-London tasking process now Policing Requirement, in which the Home also develops intelligence around the Secretary sets out the most serious most harmful of offenders, including national threats. those on the Sex Offenders Register. The process is now responsible for To better understand the scale of the deployment of proactive policing to Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) challenge secure evidence of offending and in London, MOPAC has undertaken a CSE re-offending and ensure that these needs assessment that sets out the level dangerous offenders are brought before of demand for CSE support services the courts. in London and the changing nature of CSE in the capital. Further research and review will be carried out to build our understanding of CSE in London. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 89

Providing lasting protection from These facilities will remove the sexual abuse for children and young need for young victims to go through people will require concerted, joint the repeated trauma of giving their efforts between the MPS, other police statement several times to different forces, local authorities, health services agencies, and improve the likelihood of and the Criminal Justice Service and perpetrators being brought to justice a significant increase in the level of for their crimes. Furthermore, through resources dedicated to these complex the Child House model, MOPAC will and devastating crimes. be working with HMCTS and others to support the roll-out of the pilot for MOPAC, with NHS England and Section 28 of the Youth Justice and other London partners, will invest in an Criminal Evidence Act 1999, which allows extended and joined-up approach to vulnerable and intimidated witnesses commission victim support services for such as children to video record their these young victims of sexual violence. cross-examination before a trial, rather MOPAC, in particular, will increase the than have to face reliving their trauma in number of youth Independent Sexual the courtroom. Violence Advocates who can offer support to children and young people. By keeping all young Londoners safe, This provision will be integrated within including our most vulnerable, as well as local partnership teams to improve the improving the support available to them outcomes for victims. if they become victims of crime, we will be better equipped to ensure that all Another key element of this joint young Londoners are able to fulfil their investment will be the creation of two potential and contribute actively Child Houses in London. These will to society. provide investigative, medical and emotional support in one place to young victims of sexual violence. MOPAC, in partnership with NHS England, has jointly commissioned two Child Houses in London, which will open in 2017/18. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 89

We commit to: • Continue to fund the London Safeguarding Children Board • Put in place more specialist schools and work with London Boroughs’ officers, focused on the safety and Safeguarding Children and Adult protection of young people. Boards.

• Work with the MPS to develop a • Review the effectiveness of London’s strong evidence base of the youth appropriate adult scheme, local crime hotspots across the capital, authority accommodation and the identifying the public spaces where availability of mental health secure young Londoners are least safe in beds so that action can be taken to order to ensure that operational reduce the number of young people activity is targeted where needed. going into police custody as a place We continue to support the City Safe of safety. Haven initiative and will work to make sure that these are matched with the • Work with local Boroughs to invest hotspots where possible. in the earlier identification of young people at risk of CSE, particularly • Oversee the implementation by increasing use of open-source of HMIC’s Child Protection intelligence such as social media recommendations together with to proactively safeguard young the College of Policing and the people, increasing the number of National Police Chiefs’ Council, youth Independent Sexual Violence and develop better oversight Advocates who can offer support arrangements for the future. to children and young people and jointly commissioning, with NHS England, two Child Houses in London to provide investigative, medical and emotional support in one place to young victims of sexual violence. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 91

Tackling knife crime and violence MOPAC analysis has found that the top ten per cent most vulnerable wards Not all knife crime is gang related and are recording more than three times not all knife crime is committed by young the number of knife crime offences on people. The majority of young people in average compared with the ten per cent our city are a credit to their family and least vulnerable. Of the victims, 77per community and London can and should cent are male, and 49 per cent BAME. be proud of the next generation. Rather than just warm words, this However, after several years of strategy will bring together police, decreases, the number of young people partners and communities to take injured in knife attacks has again been effective action. The Strategy will increasing steadily, and 1,844 Londoners encompass prevention, intervention under 25 were injured as a result of non- and enforcement: themes discussed at domestic knife crimes in 2016. This is the a Knife Crime Summit convened by the highest level since 2012. Behind each of Mayor in October 2016. these offences is a young life derailed, a family traumatised and a community Our comprehensive approach will also damaged. We must act to stop this take into consideration the other risks increase, and then work to reduce these faced by young people caught up in crimes to protect young Londoners, violence, which can include sexual abuse, their families and communities from the mental health needs and exploitation. devastating harm of knife crime and At the same time, we will improve the violence. services available to victims of knife crime and their families through our The production and implementation of victims’ services commissioning work. a new Knife Crime Strategy for London This will help us to better address will be central to our efforts to prevent the issues that lead to young people knife crime, and reduce the number of becoming victims, and perpetrators, and young people affected by it. The Knife the crossover that exists between these Crime Strategy will recognise that groups. knife crime disproportionately affects particular people and places in London. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 91

We also know that some young victims effect while providing oversight to ensure of crime will not wish to engage with that it is used fairly and proportionately. the police or other formal parts of the We will scrutinise the MPS’ use of stop Criminal Justice Service, but that they and search and promote its fair and too need support. We will continue to effective use. fund and expand the support to victims of knife and gang crime in London It is currently too easy for young hospitals, which will allow us to reach people to get hold of knives, even though those who might not want to formally there are restrictions on their sale. We report crimes. will put forward proposals in our Knife Crime Strategy to work with partners to In order for us to build up a better deliver stricter enforcement of licensing picture of the prevalence of violence in laws for the sale of knives in London London, we will work in partnership with Boroughs, and encourage a national the NHS to continue with the Information response to make it harder for those Sharing to Tackle Violence (ISTV) who want to commit crime to get hold programme. Under this programme, of a weapon. hospital emergency departments share with the police data on admissions due As well as seeking to prevent violence to violence. This helps to build a better by taking knives and other weapons off picture of the level, nature and locations London’s streets, we need to make sure of violent incidents in the city. Not all there are tough penalties for those who emergency departments are currently break the rules and make our streets signed up, and we will continue to work more dangerous by carrying weapons. with the NHS and hospital trusts to We will push for tougher community address this. sentences for those convicted of knife possession, in addition to traditional Effective enforcement is vital, and the sentencing and jail time. And when MPS will robustly tackle habitual knife offenders do end up in jail, we will carriers through a range of enforcement work with HM Prisons and Probation methods, including patrols in hotspot Service and the London Community areas, weapon sweeps and stop and Rehabilitation Company to ensure search. We support the targeted and that offenders sentenced for knife intelligence-led use of stop and search crime offences receive appropriate in the fight against knife crime, ensuring services in custody aimed at preventing that the MPS can use this tactic to best any future offending. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 93 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 93

We commit to:

• Produce and implement a new Knife Crime Strategy for London that will bring together police, partners and communities to take tough action against knife crime, reduce the availability of weapons and improve the services available to victims of knife crime and their families.

• Continue to fund and expand the support to victims of knife and gang crime in London hospitals, which will allow us to reach those who might not wish to formally report crimes, and work in partnership with the NHS to continue with the Information Sharing to Tackle Violence (ISTV) programme.

• Support the targeted and intelligence-led use of stop and search in the fight against knife crime, and scrutinise the MPS’ use of stop and search and promote its fair and effective use.

• Push for tougher community sentences for those convicted of knife possession, in addition to traditional sentencing and jail time, and work with the Criminal Justice Service to ensure that offenders sentenced for knife crime offences receive appropriate services in custody aimed at reducing repeat offences. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 95

Addressing the problem of We also will work with local authorities gang violence in London and partners to build on good practice to tackle gangs at a local level, through For some communities, gang activity investing in Ending Gang Violence and and the related threat of violence are Exploitation9 peer reviews for London a daily occurrence. Progress has been boroughs, and supporting them to model made, but it is clear that much more must their response on existing good practice, be done to tackle the violence and the such as multi-agency Integrated Gangs destructive influence of gangs on young Units, where partners are co-located and lives. jointly invest in and deliver services.

Gang membership can give some To intervene with, and support, those young people a false sense of belonging, young people already caught up in gangs safety and security, filling a gap that and violence to leave this dangerous exists in their lives. We must, with a lifestyle behind, we will invest, along with strong sense of purpose and clear the London Community Rehabilitation commitment to ensuring young lives are Company and NHS England, in specialist not wasted, provide positive alternatives services focusing on advocacy, and expose the damage that gangs do to mentoring and specialist health, housing gang members and to society. and employment support.

Tackling gangs must be a partnership We will also continue to fund youth activity between local authorities, workers and Independent Domestic schools, youth services and the MPS. Violence Advisors to support to victims We will continue to fund local services of knife and gang crime in London’s four in key London Boroughs through the major trauma centres to prevent repeat LCPF, enabling the development of local victimisation. We will take this work anti-gang strategies, and go further by further and extend the programme to key providing seed funding to community- A&E departments in Boroughs that have based organisations to support an high levels of knife crime to maximise increased dialogue with communities the power and value of this ‘teachable that suffer disproportionately from moment’ and improve referrals to the harm caused by gangs. With cuts mainstream and specialist services. The to youth services and local authority extension of this programme support budgets there is a growing gap between into key A&E departments in London will the availability of support and the also support young people with more demand, which we will seek to reduce but minor injuries to access support earlier. cannot completely fill by ourselves. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 95

This work is particularly important to It is also important to recognise address those young people who are that gang-related violent crime has both victims and offenders. As victims, significant links to drug offences and they must be supported and protected, other organised crime. These organised and as offenders they must face the crime networks do not respect borders, consequences of their offending and be and the MPS will work to tackle the given chances to change. In fact, if we flow of drugs into and out of London, ignore their needs as victims then we targeting the gangs that cross county risk perpetuating their offending as they lines and often exploit young people. seek to cope, by themselves, with the We are clear in our expectation that the trauma of being a victim of crime. Only by MPS should take strong enforcement addressing these two in parallel will we action against those who deal drugs be able to help turn their lives around. on our streets, with a particular focus on those who target or exploit young On enforcement, we will review the people. The MPS will proactively utilise MPS approach to gang crime, including Modern Slavery legislation to tackle the the Gangs Matrix, which maps gang gangs and organised crime networks membership, and support the MPS that criminally exploit our young people to tackle gang crime, gun crime and for gain. knife crime more effectively in London. This will also mean working with the MPS Trident team to strengthen the identification of young people who are at risk of serious violence, whether perpetrators or victims. This work will also enable the MPS to target enforcement activity more effectively. We commit to: • Continue to support youth workers and Independent Domestic Violence • Work with local authorities and Advocates in Major Trauma Centres, partners to build on good practice extending the programme to key A&E to tackle gangs at a local level, departments in Boroughs that have continuing to fund local services in high levels of knife crime. London Boroughs through the LCPF to support the development of local • Review the MPS approach to gang anti-gang strategies, and provide crime, including the Gangs Matrix, seed funding to community-based which maps gang membership, organisations to support an increased supporting the MPS to tackle gang dialogue with communities that suffer crime, gun crime and knife crime disproportionately from the harm more effectively in London, and caused by gangs. ensure the MPS works with Boroughs to tackle the flow of drugs into and • Invest, along with the London out of London, target the gangs that Community Rehabilitation Company cross county lines and those who and NHS England, in specialist exploit young people to commit crime services focusing on advocacy, on their behalf. We will review – and mentoring and specialist health, if necessary lobby Government to housing and employment support. strengthen – the laws around adults who groom and exploit young people to participate in criminal activity. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 97

Preventing young people from Wherever possible and appropriate getting involved in crime we must ensure that there is a range of diversion and sentencing options When a young person enters the for young people that reduces the risk criminal justice process, it represents a of them entering a ‘revolving door’ – failure to prevent them from committing becoming trapped in a life of crime and crime, with the victimisation, cost and going in and out of the criminal justice wasted life chances that entails – and process over and over again. We will a failure to deal with them in an often use our oversight role to introduce more appropriate way. This is not about more intensive scrutiny to monitor the creating soft justice for young people; number of young people going into rather, it is about delivering smart police custody. We will also work with justice, reducing crime by recognising the MPS to ensure custody is used in and dealing with the needs and the only the most appropriate circumstances circumstances of particular young and work with NHS England to develop people that can lead to them offending. adequate liaison and diversion schemes.

We will work to protect those young We will scrutinise the effective and Londoners at highest risk of becoming appropriate use of both triage and out- offenders, implementing a shared of-court disposals for young Londoners approach between the MPS, youth but also work with partners to ensure offending teams and children’s social that high-harm and high-risk offenders services to prevent crime and reduce are sentenced appropriately to protect the arrest and charge rate of looked- communities. We will commission after children in children’s homes and additional resources to ensure that pre- foster placements. This will include sentence reports are provided more improving data on looked-after children consistently, and properly describe the – who are some of our most vulnerable risk offenders pose to society. young people – in the London Criminal Justice Service to understand arrest and sanction rates and empowering local areas to understand and improve their service to looked-after children. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 99 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 99

We will also review – and if necessary We commit to: lobby Government to strengthen – the • Work to protect the young Londoners laws around adults who groom and who are at highest risk of becoming exploit young people to participate offenders, implementing a shared in criminal activity, whether linked to approach between the MPS, youth organised crime, drug offences, sexual offending teams and children’s social offences or other crime types. services to prevent crime and reduce the arrest and charge rate of looked Equally, the relationship between after children in children’s homes and drugs, alcohol and crime is well foster placements. understood. • Use our oversight role to introduce Alcohol is defined as a key driver of more intensive scrutiny to monitor crime by the Home Office. Research has the number of young people going found that up to 41 per cent of young into police custody, and work with the offenders had drunk alcohol at the time MPS to ensure custody is used in only of their offence. We will work with local the most appropriate circumstances. authorities, the MPS and businesses to • Scrutinise the effective and ensure that the laws prohibiting the sale appropriate use of both triage and of alcohol to minors are better observed out-of-court disposals for young and enforced by retailers and licensed Londoners but also, working with premises. partners, use our influence to ensure that high-harm and high- Furthermore, we will evaluate risk offenders are sentenced the effectiveness of current Drug appropriately to protect communities. Interventions Programmes to inform • Work with the MPS and businesses to future investment decisions on services ensure that the laws prohibiting the to intervene with those adults and young sale of alcohol to minors are better people abusing substances and support observed and enforced by retailers them to break their addictions. and licensed premises; and evaluate the effectiveness of current Drug Interventions Programmes in order to inform future investment decisions on services to intervene with those adults and young people abusing substances and support them to break their addictions. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 101

Helping young offenders turn their We will work with partners to agree lives around a set of strategic outcomes for London on youth justice, supporting improved When young people have been co-commissioning and improving the involved in persistent or serious consistency of the support offered to offending there is often no choice but young people to reduce reoffending. for the Criminal Justice Service to take action to detain, punish and rehabilitate Many young offenders begin their them. This final element of rehabilitation criminal journey receiving out-of-court is the most significant if we are to stop disposals and community sentences any further offending. with some then going on to receive a series of non-custodial sentences before That is why for those young people eventually ending up in custody. In who have made the wrong choices, order to break this pattern we will, we want to send a clear message: “We with our partners, review community will not give up on you. Your life is not provision and invest in tough, effective a foregone conclusion.” We will take alternatives to custody for children and action to improve the support available young people. to young offenders to give them a better chance of escaping the vicious cycle When young people do end up in of offending and reoffending. But we custody it is essential that they are are equally clear to those who forego kept in decent accommodation which chances to leave crime behind and is, where possible, close to home, and persist in offending: “The law will be are treated in a way most conducive to enforced against you.” the provision of meaningful education and training, all working to reduce their While there has been some success risk of reoffending on release. In order – now worryingly reversing – in reducing to ensure that this is the case, we will the number of young people entering review custodial provision in the capital the Criminal Justice Service for the first on a similar basis as our review into non- time, the rate of reoffending is growing, custodial sentences. and currently 43 per cent of London’s young offenders reoffend within one year London’s young people being held of ending their sentence. in secure accommodation many miles from the capital can significantly undermine efforts to rehabilitate them and maintain family ties, where this is desirable. In order to address this, POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 101

MOPAC will conduct a feasibility study service. We will take such an approach to on a more effective custody solution for commissioning rehabilitation services, London’s young offenders, with a view seeking alignment with existing child and to keeping young people close to home adolescent mental health services and and reducing their reoffending. This will working closely with the Health Service include a review of required support to jointly commission better provision. and rehabilitative services as well as the accommodation. MOPAC will also take steps to improve the life chances of young people when One area for consideration to improve they are released from custody, or finish and enhance the secure estate in London their non-custodial sentences. Work is the creation of a secure school for with London employers to improve the young offenders. This would move the pathways into apprenticeships and jobs focus from detention to learning, greatly will be central to this. increasing the efforts taken to turn these young people’s lives around. MOPAC will work with the Ministry of Justice and the Youth Custody Service to secure Government funding to develop a pilot of WHAT IS A TRAUMA-INFORMED such a secure school in London. APPROACH?

Regardless of the sentencing route Understanding the issues taken, the clear priority of our work and needs that commonly with young people is rehabilitation. affect people who have had We must work harder to address the a traumatic experience helps specific circumstances that lead to to ensure that services young people committing crime if we provided to them are as are to do more to reduce reoffending effective as possible. and keep the public safe. For example, by understanding the issues and needs A trauma-informed approach that commonly affect people who have involves assessing and tailoring had a traumatic experience we can a service around this basic ensure that services provided to them understanding of how trauma are as effective as possible. This trauma- impacts the life of the people informed approach involves assessing who receive the service. and tailoring a service around this basic understanding of how trauma impacts the life of the people who receive the POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 103

We know that, as with adult offenders, CASE STUDY: THE LONDON among the young people who commit CRIME PREVENTION FUND – crime there is a hardcore of highly TACKLING SERIOUS YOUTH prolific offenders responsible for a VIOLENCE IN WALTHAM FOREST significant amount of crime. These individuals need effective enforcement MOPAC invested £540,000 and then intensive engagement and through the LCPF from 2013/14 support if they are to end their offending to 2016/17 to tackle serious behaviour. MOPAC will commission new youth violence in Waltham Forest. services within its prolific offender pilot Alongside funding from the Local project, which provides intensive support Authority, the LCPF provided from a range of agencies to these repeat targeted interventions to young offenders. people whose first conviction was drug, robbery or violence- Like the rest of the UK, the young related as these young people offender population in London does are at significant risk of rapidly not reflect wider society, and there are becoming entrenched criminals some groups, such as young black men, and quickly ending up in prison. who are over-represented. Justice must The project provided intensive always be delivered fairly, and to that end support to both the young people MOPAC will monitor equalities data with and their parents/carers. regard to young people coming to the notice of the MPS and those entering the Under the next iteration of Criminal Justice Service to ensure we are LCPF, MOPAC will be investing asking the right questions, implementing a further £184,631 over the the right policies and making the right next two years to build a new funding and commissioning decisions innovative resource within the which support reducing inequality and Youth Offending Service to disproportionality wherever possible. support behavioural change in these young people by taking We will also consider the a trauma-informed approach recommendations of the Lammy Review to assessing their needs and into the treatment of, and outcomes providing support. for, black, Asian and minority ethnic individuals in the Criminal Justice Service. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 103

We commit to: • Work with London employers to improve the pathways into • Work with partners to agree a set of apprenticeships and jobs. strategic outcomes for London on • Commission new services within youth justice and review community MOPAC’s prolific offender pilot provision and investment in tough, project, which provides intensive effective alternatives to custody for support from a range of agencies to children and young people to break repeat offenders. the cycle of offending. • Monitor equalities data with regard • Review custodial provision in the to young people coming to the capital and conduct a feasibility study notice of the MPS and those entering on a more effective custody solution the Criminal Justice Service; and for London’s young offenders, with consider the recommendations of the a view to keeping young people Lammy Review into the treatment of, close to home and reducing their and outcomes for, BAME individuals reoffending. This will include work in the Criminal Justice Service. with the Ministry of Justice and the Youth Custody Service to develop a pilot of a secure school in London. • Take a trauma-informed approach to commissioning rehabilitation services, seeking alignment with existing child and adolescent mental health services and working closely with health services to jointly commissioning better provision. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 105

TACKLING VIOLENCE AGAINST women and girls the support they need WOMEN AND GIRLS (VAWG) when they are subject to these attacks. Although, in recent years, there have It is a shocking fact of life for too many been increases in victims and survivors women and girls in our city that they coming forward, we can be sure that suffer harassment, abuse and violence there are still many who are not reporting on a daily basis. Whether at the hands of and accessing the support services that partners, family members or strangers they need. this is always unacceptable. We are committed to a zero-tolerance approach Those abused can decide not to wherever this violence and abuse takes report a crime for a range of reasons, place, with meaningful support for including concern about whether they victims and survivors and significant will be taken seriously, the challenges of consequences for perpetrators. navigating the criminal justice process, or an acceptance that the abuse is the Our specific focus on women and girls norm. These are often deeply traumatic is a reflection of the disproportionate crimes, and the support that survivors impact of these crimes on this group. need if they are to engage with the police While a new picture of abuse aimed and other agencies can be significant. at men is emerging, we know that the majority of victims of rape, sexual Repeat victimisation is also an issue assault and domestic abuse are women, of growing concern. Domestic abuse and that we need specific services to victims are especially vulnerable to support them. This does not mean that repeat attacks. Such experiences cause we diminish or ignore the suffering enormous damage to the individuals experienced by men and boys. The concerned, while undermining services we commission will support confidence in the Criminal Justice victims and survivors whatever their Service as a whole. When those abused gender, and we will also offer specific are not adequately supported, it can support for men and boys. also accelerate the level of violence. For example, more than a quarter of rape We know that sexual violence and cases are linked to previous domestic domestic abuse are both significantly abuse. It is crucial that the MPS and underreported crimes, which makes it other agencies prioritise the issue of difficult to fully understand the true scale repeat victimisation, which will be a key of the problem across London, or to offer test of our success. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 105

As well as supporting victims and Our goal is to reduce violence against survivors to come forward, and providing women and girls in London and change them with the support they need to the culture that enables this to happen, cope and recover, we must take steps to empowering women and girls to take change offending behaviours and bring control and be treated equally. We will perpetrators to justice. implement measures to:

At present, perpetrators of violence • Better protect women and against women and girls are – for a girls in London. variety of reasons, not least the • Improve support for survivors. complexity of the situations and relationships involved – not being • Target offenders. effectively dealt with. Many go on to repeat the same behaviour with new By doing so, our goal is to: partners, harming more victims. In London, we know that this is a cross- • Encourage more domestic abuse Borough issue and that perpetrators can victims to come forward, and to be active in a number of Boroughs, with reduce repeat victimisation. multiple victims and survivors. • Encourage more victims of sexual violence to come forward, and to We must develop effective reduce repeat victimisation. interventions for perpetrators that • Reduce the rates of attrition in minimise repeat patterns of abuse and cases of violence against women ensure we have support for victims and and girls as they progress through their families. It is only if we tackle this the criminal justice process. that we will start to reduce the number of (actual and potential) victims and • Encourage more victims of harmful survivors. practices such as female genital mutilation (FGM), ‘honour’-based violence and forced marriage to come forward and report. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 107

Reducing violence against It is vital that we do not allow women and girls assumptions about increases in reporting to mask any actual increases Reducing violence against women and in offending, or severity of offending. We girls (VAWG) is a challenging ambition will commission specific work to look because the offences are currently so beneath reported crime statistics so that chronically under-reported. For that we can say with much greater certainty reason, we will not be setting crude what changes in figures mean. That reduction targets, and may instead see way, we will know specifically whether an increase in reporting when women our interventions to both drive down and girls become more willing to come offending and increase confidence to forward. report are working. Given the ongoing pressure on Central to our efforts to reduce budgets, any increase will, of course, VAWG will be refreshing London’s VAWG stretch the resources available. Currently, Strategy, building on the commitments the services commissioned in London in this Police and Crime Plan. This will be do not meet the need, and as we see our strategy for the next four years to more people coming forward, and more ensure that we take meaningful action to of those who currently come forward reduce violence against women and girls, given access to services, pressure on improve the support for survivors and services will increase. We will continue target offenders. to monitor need across the capital, but no one organisation is responsible for The joint delivery plans that we delivering services. We are concerned develop to deliver the commitments in that without significant extra resources, this Plan will be created in conjunction fully meeting all the demands we face will with survivors and those working in the be a challenge. VAWG sector. As we work to deliver this strategy over the next four years we Even with the current under-reporting will work closely with those involved to of these offences, they represent a large ensure that our policies and decisions volume of police work. For example, adapt, to respond to the changes in need around one in ten of all offences and demand across London, and adapt recorded by the police in London are to emerging thinking about how best to flagged as relating to domestic abuse. protect and support women and girls. To understand the harm these crimes can cause, it is stark to note that a third of these involve actual or grievous bodily harm. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 107

In order to ensure that we are always focused on the most important areas THE LONDON SEXUAL VIOLENCE of concern, that we are commissioning NEEDS ASSESSMENT services that will tackle the most need and that we are constantly reviewing the MOPAC and NHS England performance of our work, we will publish commissioned an assessment detailed data on VAWG in London. of the level of sexual violence in London and the scale of the This data will allow us to compare need for support services, in varying performance across London’s order to inform our future work. Boroughs in the areas which matter It found that: most, such as repeat victimisation, the management of high-harm offenders and • The number of assaults varies victim satisfaction – including whether considerably across London’s victims would engage with the police in Boroughs. the future. This will allow the sharing of best practice across London’s Boroughs • 40 per cent of assaults take and the introduction of a performance place on public transport. regime which does not set crude targets, • While there has been an but focuses on those issues that matter increase in reports, the most to ensure victims are protected and number of people referred to VAWG is reduced. havens has remained static.

We will also use the evidence available • A case is more likely to be to compare outcomes across London’s ‘no-crimed’ if the accuser is diverse communities to ensure that gaps non-white, has mental health in victimisation, satisfaction and positive problems or has learning outcomes are addressed, particularly disabilities. across victims from different ethnic • There are lower levels of backgrounds. As the new VAWG Strategy reporting from Asian victims. is developed, we will place the needs of • Immigration status can lead BAME victims and survivors at the heart to lower levels of reporting. of our work. • Gay men involved in chemsex are less likely to report. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 109

It is a sad fact that some people in our This partnership has been taking city think that it is acceptable to abuse, important steps to reduce offending, harass and attack women and girls, and particularly through the ‘Report It to feel that they can get away with it. Until Stop It’ communications campaign, we tackle this attitude we will fail in our encouraging victims to come forward so efforts to stamp out all forms of VAWG. that perpetrators can be identified. We will use the power of the Mayor and City Hall to bring together partners from This increase in awareness of the right across London, both statutory and need to report is central to Project voluntary, to launch a campaign to raise Guardian, a joint TfL/BTP initiative with awareness of the issue, and to robustly the long-term ambition of eliminating tackle unacceptable attitudes and all unwanted sexual behaviour from behaviour to women and girls. London’s public transport through a combination of raising awareness, We will use the campaign to highlight improving public understanding, giving and target specific risks and types of people the confidence to report, better offending behaviour – online, on our police investigation and securing the streets and in our homes – as well as right criminal justice outcomes. Since providing more information about the Guardian was launched in 2013 there has services available to survivors, so that been a 74% increase in reports of sexual those who are not currently accessing offences on public transport in London. support know that it is available and that they will be protected and supported. Similarly, the safety of women using taxis and private hire vehicles remains a We know that for too many women top priority for TfL and the Roads and girls the transport network, which and Transport Policing Command. We should be a safe place, is somewhere will support their work to ensure that they feel at risk of being abused or taxis and private hire vehicles are as safe harassed, particularly late at night. As as possible. with offending elsewhere, this is totally unacceptable. We will support the work of Transport for London, the MPS, the British Transport Police and City of London Police in tackling unwanted sexual behaviour on the transport system by prioritising a greater police presence at peak times. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 109

Nationally, 700,000 women are reported to be stalked each year, though Supporting men and boys the real number is believed to be closer to five million (including the ongoing We are committed to ending the significant rise of those affected by sexual exploitation of all children, cyber stalking). The impact on victims’ but we also we know that older boys lives is devastating. As a result of and men are also victims of violence stalking, a third of victims lose their and abuse, with 3.6 per cent of job, relationship or are forced to move, men in London having experienced and half suffer financial loss. Nearly all sexual assault or rape at some point (98 per cent) of these victims endure after the age of sixteen. traumas including anxiety, depression, paranoia, agoraphobia and PTSD – aside We know that male victims of from those who suffer physical harm. sexual and domestic violence are We will support the MPS in developing often reluctant to come forward a more effective response to stalking and report. This means that and harassment, to protect victims and perpetrators are left to offend manage offenders within London. again and again, and the victims do not receive the support they need. The Angiolini Review10 into the investigation and prosecution of rape in London highlighted the needs of men and boys and the levels of support that they need as they are encouraged to seek support and engage with the criminal justice process.

We will continue to provide discrete funding for projects to support male victims of rape, sexual violence and domestic abuse, including those in same-sex relationships, where the evidence shows people are very unlikely to report. We will also continue to fund a number of agencies that support men and boys, such as our Sexual Assault Referral Centres. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 111

Harmful practices The MPS is committed to prosecuting perpetrators of FGM where the evidence Just as we seek to raise awareness supports a case, and the MPS has a of the general issues of VAWG in order strategic plan relating to FGM under to tackle it wherever it exists, we must the name of Project Azure. The four take action to tackle specific harmful key strands are prevention, protection, practices such as Female Genital prosecution and partnership. The Mutilation (FGM), so-called ‘honour’- biggest challenges are under-reporting based violence and forced marriage. and communities who won’t engage on As well as raising awareness about the the subject. Work continues through appalling impact on the victims of these media engagement, partnership crimes, we must encourage more of and information sharing between them to come forward, so that support professionals (particularly health), and services can be offered and perpetrators engaging the third sector including can be caught. campaign groups. Operational proactivity takes place at international airports We will also increase the training under Operation Limelight, which is high- available for those who may come into profile multi-agency activity tackling contact with potential victims of these FGM, breast-ironing and forced marriage. practices, such as midwives, nurses and social workers, so that they can identify those at risk and support survivors into help. The need for training was an important issue highlighted in a Harmful Practices pilot project carried out by MOPAC in 2016, and we will use this learning to support wider and more effective commissioning arrangements with our local partners in London. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 111

Human trafficking Key to the continued development of our response is to improve existing With the increase in allegations of and encourage new multi-agency human trafficking and the clear need partnerships across London. Closer for improvement in awareness and working between police, local authorities, understanding for frontline officers, the non-Government organisations (NGOs) MPS is in the process of introducing and communities will result in a clearer Modern Slavery Single Points of Contact intelligence picture of modern slavery (SPoCs) within Borough Commands. within Boroughs. It will also encourage a Human trafficking can see victims multi-agency approach to tackle it. forced into jobs such as sex work, domestic servitude or forced labour, The MPS, Human Trafficking and local officers will be given the skills Foundation and Stop the Traffik have to advise colleagues on safeguarding recently embarked on a project to victims as well as linking in with the establish a partnership network across Modern Slavery & Kidnap Unit (MSKU) London, supported by MOPAC. The MPS for specialist support. As awareness has been working with NHS England and understanding improve, we expect and London Councils to secure funding a continued increase in the numbers of for Train the Trainer sessions. This will potential victims identified. be delivered to those working in local government, health and policing, so The MPS secured its first convictions raising awareness among colleagues. under the Modern Slavery Act in October This approach will also ensure the 2016. This involved an organised criminal message is consistent across all network transporting women to the partners. UK and forcing them into prostitution. Although the women denied they were being controlled, financial and communications evidence provided a clear picture that they had been. Even without their support, convictions were secured against four members of the criminal network responsible. In addition, since the introduction of the Modern Slavery Act, ten Slavery and Trafficking Prevention Orders have been successfully obtained. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 113

We commit to: • Increase the training available for those who may come into contact • Refresh London’s VAWG Strategy, with potential victims of harmful building on the commitments in this practices so that they can identify Police and Crime Plan and working those at risk and support survivors closely with those in the VAWG into help. sector to ensure that our policies and decisions adapt to respond to • Support the work of Transport the changes in need and demand for London, the MPS, the British across London. Transport Police and City of London Police in tackling unwanted sexual • Commission specific work to look behaviour on the public transport beneath reported crime statistics system, and make sure taxi and for rape and sexual and domestic private hire services are as safe as violence and abuse so that we can possible. say with much greater certainty what changes in figures mean. • Support work by the MPS and partners to improve existing and • Publish detailed data on VAWG encourage new multi-agency in London and compare varying partnerships across London to tackle performance across London’s human trafficking and modern slavery. Boroughs and our diverse communities to promote improvements and sharing of best practice.

• Bring together partners from right across London, both statutory and voluntary, to launch a campaign to challenge unacceptable attitudes to women and girls, and implement a whole-school VAWG prevention pilot to tackle unacceptable attitudes and behaviours in early years. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 113

Improving support for survivors It will focus on a broader understanding of the wider complex As with our wider ambitions for the needs of victims and survivors and the policing and Criminal Justice Service, behaviours and attitudes officers need we want to put victims and survivors to express when they respond. It will also of VAWG at the heart of our plans. This focus on the evidential requirements means doing more to encourage them and records needed to secure more to come forward, so that support can be convictions. offered, and then doing more to support them when they do, so they can cope We will exploit the potential of BWV and recover and their chance of being a as a means of improving the handling repeat victim is reduced. of domestic abuse cases specifically. By dip-sampling the footage of first Survivors of sexual and domestic responses, MPS managers will be able violence and abuse will not report their to recognise and share good practice crimes, or seek support, if they do not as well as identifying areas of personal believe that support will be effective or development for officers and wider meaningful, that they’ll be taken seriously changes in MPS policy. or that action will be taken. We will work closely with the MPS to ensure that Every case of VAWG is different, and victims of rape and sexual assault feel every survivor is different. They need confident that they can come forward different levels and types of support and and report crimes. The MPS takes all a specific and tailored response to their allegations of rape or sexual assault case, regardless of whether they formally seriously and is committed to improving engage with the criminal justice process the first contact with the police when a or not, if they are to be adequately crime of this nature is reported. supported to cope and recover.

In order to improve the first response, particularly to domestic incidents, we will ensure that the MPS introduces enhanced training for its officers on how to get this right. This work will be aimed at developing that first response, and ensuring greater consistency across London. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 115

In cases where victims do engage The refreshed VAWG Strategy will with the police and other parts of the prioritise meeting these needs as we Criminal Justice Service they need a work to secure the services currently service that responds to their individual available and improve on the offer to needs. We will work with all CJS partners victims and survivors in the future. to encourage them to invest sufficient resources into their ability to offer a Central to this will be our work with service that goes beyond the minimum partner agencies to develop a new sexual in each case. For example, MOPAC violence service model to better meet will scrutinise the workload of officers the needs of victims and survivors. An involved in the investigation and personal important element of this will be the support in these cases so that they allow recommissioning by MOPAC of services for the tailored responses we wish to see to better meet people’s needs, and to address the uniqueness of each case. fill the gaps identified in the Needs Aassessment. In doing this we will, where This is particularly important in possible, work with partners to integrate supporting victims and survivors from services so that the victim and survivor London’s BAME communities, particularly experience is seamless. those with lower trust and confidence in policing or who are less likely to come The work to fill the gaps will be based forward to report offences against them. on a new set of pan-London outcomes We will also ensure that all the services in this area and a clear and transparent we commission are responsive to the commissioning strategy. These will be needs of different sections of London’s set out in the refreshed VAWG Strategy communities. following this plan.

In order for us to offer the right level We will sustain the current investment and type of support to victims and in vital Rape Crisis provision, including survivors it is vital that we develop a rape crisis centres and London’s Sexual sophisticated understanding of the Assessment Referral Centres, known needs of victims of domestic and sexual as havens. We want this provision to violence and abuse. Work in this area work with all partners, including the has revealed a number of clear gaps that voluntary sector, to respond to the needs need to be filled if we are to adequately of survivors as set out in the needs support all survivors. The recent assessment and, at the same time, do Sexual Violence Needs Assessment more to support vulnerable survivors and the Domestic Violence Needs those with more complex needs who in Assessment both identified areas where many cases suffer repeat victimisation. improvements must be made. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 115

But sustaining current investment is not sufficient, and we want to see an CASE STUDY: THE LONDON increase in the number of victims of CRIME PREVENTION FUND – rape and serious sexual assault who are SUPPORTING PEOPLE AFFECTED referred to havens. This will help to both BY GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE improve the criminal justice outcomes and give victims and survivors access to In 2013/14, MOPAC committed specialist commissioned services. more than £1.7m through the LCPF, spread over four years, Supporting those survivors who to provide a range of specialist want to engage with the criminal justice frontline services to support process is vital if we want to increase adults and young people, children the number of perpetrators held to and families who are victims account for their actions. Too many or affected by gender-based cases in London currently collapse violence, including but not limited because victims withdraw or refuse to to: domestic abuse, sexual cooperate with a prosecution. So we will violence and assault, stalking and co-fund advocacy services, including harassment, harmful practices Independent Sexual Violence Advisors (including FGM, ‘honour’-based (ISVAs) to support sexual violence violence and forced marriage). survivors through the criminal justice process in line with the evidence from It is delivered by the Angelou the Needs Assessment. partnership of specialist providers across the Tri-borough We also know that forensic evidence - Westminster, Hammersmith is important in securing convictions, & Fulham, and Kensington & but that it currently takes too long for Chelsea. Through the new LCPF this evidence to be identified. This delay budget, MOPAC will be investing can lead to victims withdrawing from a further £1m over the next two the process, even when that is not in years to sustain these important their best interests. The investments in frontline services. forensic technology described in the Policing chapter of this document will reduce the length of time it takes for forensic evidence to be identified and analysed, speed up the overall process, and reduce the stress on victims as they wait for evidence to be collected. THE LONDON DOMESTIC It found that: VIOLENCE NEEDS ASSESSMENT • There is variation in the MOPAC and NHS England Independent Domestic Violence commissioned an assessment of Advisor (IDVA) roles across the level of domestic violence in London. London and the scale of the need for support services, in order to inform • There are gaps in the provision our future work. of services for people with disabilities, BAME communities, LGBT victims and those with no recourse to public funds.

• There are gaps in information about the experience of service users themselves.

• Sharing of best practice across London should be improved.

• Provision of refuges and housing is patchy across London, with varying levels of usage and coordination. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 117

On domestic abuse, we will continue to wider complex needs. In recognition fund and support Independent Domestic of the extreme pressures facing the Violence Advocates (IDVA) provision in capital, and the Mayor’s commitment London, and will review their provision to tackle homelessness and to develop to ensure victims have the services they better support for victims of domestic need, within the resources available. abuse, London has up to £50m of capital IDVAs provide vital, specialist support to funding available to deliver move- victims of domestic abuse, and we will on accommodation. This funding will work with our partners to ensure that this enable the development of properties service is integrated with local provision specifically earmarked for people who and is effective both within and outside are moving on from either hostels or the Criminal Justice Service. refuges because they no longer require the support services offered in those We know that in some cases the types of accommodation, and those right thing for a victim and survivor of leaving the streets who would benefit domestic abuse is to remove themselves 11 from a ‘Housing First’ approach. from the circumstances in which the Funding is also available, through abuse is taking place. But we also the wider £3.15bn Affordable Homes know how challenging and difficult this Programme, for the development of new decision and process can be. As part refuges and other accommodation for of our refreshed VAWG Strategy we will explore the options for pan-London victims of domestic abuse. commissioning of refuges for survivors of domestic abuse and, in addition, In many cases, women who are in work with the rest of the GLA and the Criminal Justice Service have Local Authorities to improve the overall themselves been victims of domestic availability of refuges and other safe and sexual violence or abuse and need accommodation. support in order to cope and recover from these crimes. We will improve In improving the availability and the access to the services that we accessibility of housing for victims commission to support victims and of domestic abuse who are fleeing survivors of domestic abuse and sexual ongoing violence, we will pay particular violence who are in the Criminal Justice attention to those who have no recourse Service, including facilitating access to public funds and or those who have directly into custody. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 119 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 119

Prostitution Homelessness and prostitution: AVA reports that homeless women may We are committed to tackling the harm exchange sex for somewhere to stay, done by prostitution in London, and we and the threat of homelessness can will look to the MPS, local authorities and also be a barrier to exiting prostitution. voluntary groups to build on previous This increases dependency on abusive strategic commitments and help those partners who are coercing them into most exploited by involvement in prostitution. In order to ensure that prostitution, acknowledging the complex these women are offered support to circumstances that overlap to leave exit prostitution, MOPAC will work with women selling sex in order to survive. key statutory partners to out in place a strategic response across London. Domestic violence and prostitution: Home Office research (2004) shows In addition, MOPAC will commission that 85 per cent of women involved in an audit into how the MPS has managed prostitution have experienced abuse this issue across London, with particular from a family member and around reference to trafficking and prostitution. 75 per cent have been physically assaulted by someone other than a family member. AVA reports that the primary link between domestic violence and prostitution is that, for some women, their partner is the person who encourages their entry into prostitution, profits from it, and can prevent their exit.12 MOPAC will explore the relationship between domestic abuse, prostitution and homelessness. The Eaves and London South Bank University report (2012) recommended that this link be more widely recognised and that training be given to domestic abuse service providers around issues and realities faced by women involved in prostitution. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 121

We commit to: • Work with the GLA, local authorities, the voluntary sector • Ensure that the MPS introduces and housing providers to improve enhanced training for its officers the availability of refuges and other on how to get the first contact with safe accommodation for victims a survivor right, and exploit the and survivors. This includes both potential of BWV as a means of developing new refuges and other improving the handling of domestic safe accommodation through the abuse cases. Mayor’s capital funding programmes and exploring options for pan-London • Scrutinise the workload of officers commissioning (for both existing and involved in VAWG cases. new accommodation).

• Support victims and survivors, • Co-fund advocacy services to regardless of whether they pursue support sexual violence survivors a formal criminal justice outcome, through the criminal justice process working with currently commissioned and continue to fund and support providers of rape crisis services, Independent Domestic Violence London’s Sexual Assault Referral Advocate (IDVA) provision in London. Centres and partner agencies to develop a new sexual violence service • Improve the access to the services model to better meet the needs of all that we commission to support victims and survivors. victims and survivors of domestic abuse and sexual violence who are • Sustain the current investment in in the Criminal Justice Service, Rape Crisis provision, including Rape including facilitating access directly Crisis centres and London’s Sexual into custody. Assessment Referral Centres. • Work with key statutory partners • Increase the number of victims of to ensure that a strategic response rape and serious sexual assault who to prostitution is in place across are referred to havens. London, and commission an audit of MPS’ handling of trafficking and prostitution in London. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 121

Targeting offenders This issue feeds into outcomes, with London seeing proportionally fewer Domestic and sexual violence and convictions than the rest of the country. abuse can never be tolerated, and those In cases of domestic abuse, for example, who perpetrate these abhorrent offences 65 per cent of prosecutions resulted in should know that the full force of the law a conviction, compared with a national will be used to punish their behaviour, average of 75 per cent. deliver justice for their victims and prevent them from offending again. Our work to improve the support available to survivors should help to While our primary focus must be on improve this and reduce the attrition that the needs of the survivors of these happens through the current process. crimes, we must significantly improve Our work to see the court-based victim our interventions with the perpetrators. and witness service devolved to MOPAC By tackling perpetrators we will, at the will also allow us to offer more joined-up same time, improve the safety of victims support to all victims of crime, including and survivors. This work will broadly fall VAWG offences. into three categories of activity: work to secure convictions of offenders, work to We also need to work with the CPS and address the behaviour of offenders and MPS to improve the quality of evidence work to ensure sanctions are meaningful going from the police to prosecutors, and effective. particularly given the potential benefits that innovations such as BWV can bring. The principal difficulty in securing convictions against perpetrators of To tackle the behaviour of offenders VAWG is keeping victims and survivors it is important that we have a full picture engaged throughout the process. of their offending behaviour. This means Evidence from the CPS shows that better data on perpetrators, which there are more cases of unsuccessful accurately reflects the scale of their prosecution due to problems with victim offending across London. As part of our and witness engagement than there are performance oversight, we will expect of defendants being acquitted. Just over the MPS to understand who the highest- half of all unsuccessful prosecutions in risk perpetrators are, both in individual the last financial year were due to either Boroughs and across London, and take the victim retracting their statement or steps to reduce the risk that they pose. failing to attend court. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 123

Just as the circumstances of survivors including early intervention where it can of VAWG vary widely, requiring tailored prevent problems before they begin. support, so the drivers of offending require specific interventions to prevent When perpetrators of VAWG are repeat offending, and thereby reduce sentenced, it is important that the the number of victims overall and repeat sentences are complied with, in order to victims specifically. We will work with the change their behaviour and keep people MPS, probation services and our other safe. We will work with London’s criminal partners in this sector to commission justice and probation services to see a more effective approach to tackling what can be done to improve compliance perpetrators, and will expect the MPS to with licence conditions. identify proactive opportunities to target This will include exploring the use high-harm offenders. of GPS tagging, which is currently These opportunities might not relate being tested with non-domestic abuse directly to their offending against women prolific offenders, but might be of and girls, but by taking an ‘Achilles heel’ value in keeping victims and survivors approach, which targets offenders for of domestic abuse safe and ensuring actions which are most likely to secure compliance by perpetrators. This would a criminal justice outcome – particularly sit alongside our work with sobriety in cases where victims do not wish to tagging of domestic abuse perpetrators, cooperate with the Criminal Justice which is being piloted. Once the pilot Service – we can more effectively keep scheme has been evaluated we will take people safe. a decision about pan-London roll out, seeking specialist advice to ensure As part of this work, we will use the survivor safety. refresh of the VAWG Strategy to review the use of all forms of disposal so An important part of our work will be that the best practice and innovation asking probation and other partners to that exists in pockets across London look at domestic and sexual offenders is replicated elsewhere, and that we as a ‘cohort of interest’ so that we can are making best use of the disposals build a better picture of who and where available. This will include reviewing the offenders are, what interventions they use of Criminal Behaviour Orders and have been referred to, their levels of Domestic Violence Prevention Orders to compliance and reoffending rates and improve compliance and ensure effective their wider offending history. We will feed action takes place if they are breached. this analysis into a dashboard so that We will also explore other, more it can be used by all partners to drive innovative, options to tackle offenders, better enforcement and commissioning of effective services. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 123

We commit to:

OPERATION DAUNTLESS • Work with the CPS and MPS to improve the quality of evidence Operation Dauntless brings a going from the police to prosecutors, whole-Borough response to particularly given the potential domestic abuse, from the initial benefits that innovations such as call for help through to conviction. BWV can bring. Through Dauntless, the MPS and • Ensure the MPS understands who the partners provide a consistent highest-risk perpetrators are, both approach to domestic abuse in individual Boroughs and across covering three main elements: London, and work with the MPS, probation services and our other • Keeping victims safe in their partners in this sector to commission own homes, using a range a more effective approach to tackling of methods including panic them. alarms, mobile phones, covert/ overt cameras and improved • Use the refresh of the VAWG Strategy partnership working through to review the use of all forms of Independent Domestic disposal to ensure that best practice Violence Advisors and Multi- and innovation is shared, and that we Agency Risk Assessment are making best use of the disposals Conferences (MARACS). available. • Offender management: ‘Get • Ask Criminal Justice Service partners them out and keep them out’ to look at domestic and sexual – treating domestic abuse offenders as a ‘cohort of interest’ – offenders the same as serious similar to the way we treat prolific acquisitive crime offenders offenders in London. and using tactics such as • Work with the Criminal Justice bespoke bail conditions, Service to improve offenders’ Domestic Violence Perpetrator compliance with licence conditions, Orders (DVPOs) and civil including through the use of GPS orders tagging. We will also evaluate the • Emerging risk: better use sobriety tagging pilot for perpetrators of intelligence, using a new of domestic abuse to aid a decision methodology for identifying about pan-London roll-out. high-impact offenders and victims. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 125

STANDING TOGETHER AGAINST We must develop an approach HATRED, INTOLERANCE AND which combines tough, zero-tolerance EXTREMISM enforcement against perpetrators of hate crime with meaningful support London is open, and it is that for victims – particularly those who are openness which has made our city victims multiple times – to help them the greatest in the world. London’s cope and recover. economic, cultural and social life is admired around the world. We celebrate We must also take a stand against the the diversity of our great global city, organised international and domestic and we must take every step necessary extremist groups determined to spread to maintain and safeguard this against ideologies of hatred in any way they those who would seek to undermine it. can, seeking to radicalise vulnerable United, we are a stronger and safer city. people to commit acts of terror against their fellow Londoners. Existing national Unfortunately, hate crime is a daily measures to prevent radicalisation problem for some people in our city, have had mixed results, whilst some who are victimised by a small minority communities have been reassured because of who they are. We must be others have been alienated. Only with clear: there is no place for hatred and greater local input can we ensure that intolerance in London. It is unacceptable preventative work is being delivered and, when it motivates crime, it is illegal. consistently and effectively where it is needed. Hate crime can be particularly distressing for those who experience it, and they must be supported, but beyond those directly involved, it makes victims of whole communities. When a Jewish, Muslim, disabled or gay person is targeted for crime and abuse simply because of who they are, this has a knock-on impact on a much wider community. Like ripples in a pond, one crime can have a significant effect well beyond any individual incident. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 125

We will implement measures to: Tackling hate crime

• Protect Londoners from hate crime. Hate crime can be deeply upsetting and humiliating for the victim, and • Deliver better support for victims of sometimes, victims do not believe they hate crime. will be taken seriously. We know that as a result, many offences are never • Strengthen the work to prevent reported to the police. This makes it vulnerable people in London from hard to measure the real impact of it being radicalised. on the capital and the effectiveness of measures designed to reduce it. We will By doing this, our goal is to: work to reduce these crimes and their impact on victims, but we will not set • Encourage more victims of hate crime crude targets on volume reductions. to come forward and report. In fact, we may see certain crimes • Reduce the level of repeat increase, rather than decrease, as victimisation. more victims gain the confidence to come forward and report these crimes • Reduce the rates of attrition in hate to the police. As with our work on crime cases as they progress through violence against women and girls, we the criminal justice process. will endeavour to understand the real story behind the statistics by assessing • Improve the level of satisfaction of whether changes in volume are due to victims of hate crime with the service increases or reductions in offending, they receive from the MPS and or changes in reporting and recording Criminal Justice Service. practices. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 127

The best way to reduce hate crime is The MPS will encourage the extended to encourage greater social integration, use of this zero-tolerance approach right bringing communities together and across the police and Criminal Justice celebrating their contribution to the Service. We will ensure that appropriate life of the capital. The Mayor has training and awareness is embedded put improving social integration at within the MPS so that all frontline the heart of his mission of a greater, officers understand the importance safer and more secure city, and has of providing a robust response, have appointed London’s first Deputy Mayor the right skills to do so, and know for Social Integration, Social Mobility what specialist services are available and Community Engagement. MOPAC to victims. and the MPS will work closely with the Deputy Mayor to support and increase This training will be developed in community cohesion and resilience partnership with the communities and to champion the work to promote which are targeted by hate crime so stronger and more resilient communities that the diverse needs of victims are where hatred and intolerance cannot understood. This means that we can take hold. deliver targeted prevention advice and provide better victim support during and Our approach will be based on zero post-investigation, and following the tolerance. A zero-tolerance approach conviction of offenders. means every report will be taken seriously. That does not mean every In recognition of the need to prevent report will result in a prosecution. hate crime, and enforce the law against Hate crime takes many forms and it perpetrators wherever it takes place, we always important to understand the will continue to support the work of the difference between comments that while MPS, the British Transport Police, the unpleasant or offensive are not criminal, City of London Police and TfL to tackle and those which constitute hate crime, hate crime on public transport. particularly online. To that end, we will work with the MPS, local authorities and educators in London’s schools to help increase awareness of hate crime and the need to take action against it, wherever it exists. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 127

In order to make improvements to the To increase reporting, we will take response of the Criminal Justice Service advantage of technological advances we will specifically focus on measures to offer smartphone apps and online to reduce the rates of attrition in hate facilities to report hate crime and crime cases, which are far too high, with continue to support the provision of just a quarter of cases seeing any kind of third-party reporting opportunities sanction. By monitoring the satisfaction where victims may prefer to approach of hate crime victims through the neutral or community organisations criminal justice process we will be able rather than the police. to test options to increase engagement, and thereby reduce the chances of cases The rise in online hate crime, where collapsing when victims disengage. people can use the anonymity of the internet to abuse and harass people, As with much of the Criminal Justice is of growing concern. It can be just Service, though, it is currently too as distressing to the victims as offline difficult to see what drives decision abuse and we must step up our efforts making and what works to improve to tackle it. MOPAC will invest in a better outcomes. We will therefore publish response to hate crime on the internet, more information on hate crime and its and will be launching an Online Hate outcomes. This will include data on MPS Crime Hub to provide, for the first time, action and the Criminal Justice Service a dedicated investigative police resource response, particularly when perpetrators for these offences when they are are successfully convicted and receive reported. enhanced sentences.

Ultimately, though, we can only take action against perpetrators if people have confidence to come forward and report crimes. So we will introduce measures to increase the reporting of hate crime by encouraging more victims to come forward. Again, part of this work is focused on improving the MPS and CJS response, so that victims know that if they come forward they will be supported and helped. We will therefore be carefully monitoring satisfaction rates across the CJS for hate crime victims. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 129

We commit to: • Monitor satisfaction rates across the CJS for hate crime victims and focus • Work closely with the Deputy Mayor on measures to reduce the number for Social Integration, Social Mobility of times the victim drops out of the and Community Engagement to justice process in hate crime cases. support and increase community We will publish information on hate cohesion and resilience and to crime and its outcomes. champion the work to promote stronger and more resilient • Introduce measures to increase communities. the reporting of hate crime by encouraging more victims to come • Work with the MPS, local authorities forward, such as offering smartphone and educators in London’s schools apps and online facilities to report to help increase awareness of hate hate crime and supporting the crime. provision of third-party reporting opportunities. • Ensure that appropriate training and awareness is embedded within the • Provide a better response to hate MPS so that all frontline officers crime on the internet through a new understand the importance of Online Hate Crime Hub, providing providing a robust response, have the a dedicated investigative police right skills to do so, and are aware of resource for these offences when the specialist services available to they are reported. victims.

• Continue to support the work of the MPS, the British Transport Police, the City of London Police and TfL to tackle hate crime on public transport. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 129

Delivering better support for HCVAs will deliver tailored support victims of hate crime to individual victims, an approach that we want to see for all victims of hate Being a victim of a hate crime can be crime, not just the highest risk. Currently particularly distressing. Whereas, for services are commissioned in isolation, other crimes, people may be randomly with victims having to navigate the range victimised, happening to be in the wrong of available services themselves. This place at the wrong time, victims of hate does not provide the type of consistent crime are always targeted specifically support that we want to see, and which because of who they are, or who they are victims need if they are to recover from perceived to be. We must ensure that abuse and attack. We will commission the right services are available to these new support services and referral victims when they come forward and mechanisms that are centred around to support them through any criminal the needs of victims, ensuring that these justice process. are more effectively meeting them.

Extending the pilot of Hate Crime Much of the excellent support work Victims’ Advocates (HCVA) is central to currently provided is delivered by small, our efforts to improve support for victims specialist organisations. These support of hate crime. This work builds on the organisations can find it hard to meet success of Independent Sexual Violence changes in demand, so we will provide Advisors and Domestic Violence access to small grant funding to provide Advocates who support victims in the development and capacity for them aftermath of these crimes and through to meet the rising demand – demand the criminal justice process. A trial of that we expect to continue if we are this scheme has taken place in Hackney successful in increasing the victims’ and Westminster, and has demonstrated confidence to report. the benefit of specialist and targeted support for high-risk victims of hate We aim to further boost the crime. Extending the services offered confidence of communities targeted will, we believe, be particularly helpful in by hate crime by fulfilling the Mayor’s supporting repeat victims as we seek to pledge to promote an MPS that looks reduce the level of repeat victimisation. like the communities it is charged with keeping safe. Our aspiration is to have an MPS that is as diverse as London’s population. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 131

We commit to: A London-wide approach to counter-radicalisation • Extend the pilot of Hate Crime Victims’ Advocates (HCVAs), who can At the furthest extreme of hatred and offer specialist and targeted support intolerance is terrorism. Radical groups for high-risk victims of hate crime and of all backgrounds continue to target help reduce repeat victimisation. Londoners in their efforts to radicalise others and take violent action for their • Commission new support services cause, whether that is radical Islamism, and referral mechanisms that are neo-Nazi-ism or extreme anarchists. The centred around the needs of victims, first line of defence against radicalisation ensuring that these services are more is strong, integrated communities. effectively meeting these needs. Building stronger communities in London is central to this Mayoralty and informs • Provide access to small grant funding all of the work that we do. to provide development and capacity for support organisations to meet the However, extremists are becoming rising demand as the confidence of more sophisticated in their approach to victims to report increases. radicalising others, deliberately targeting the vulnerable and impressionable – people with mental health needs, gang members, disaffected young people and prison inmates. They prey on feelings of isolation, hopelessness and yearning for a sense of purpose.

Safeguarding has always been central to counter-radicalisation strategies such as in the Government’s national Prevent programme. The MPS, partners and voluntary organisations perform outstanding work to safeguard vulnerable individuals to help stop them from being radicalised. It is vital that strategies and programmes to counter radicalisation and violent extremism engage with London’s diverse communities while avoiding stigmatising entire ethnic, religious or cultural groups. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 131

To achieve lasting success in the fight We commit to: against extremism and terrorism, the work of the police and security services • Work with the Home Office to must therefore go hand in hand with the deliver more tailored counter- work of all partners across the public radicalisation activity across London, sector who have a legal duty to have due alongside our other work to protect regard to the need to prevent people people vulnerable to crime and from being drawn into terrorism. prevent them from being drawn into harmful activities. Within London, local authorities, MPS, education, health and other public sector partners will continue to meet CASE STUDY: SAFEGUARDING at a strategic level through the London THE VULNERABLE CONTEST Board and the London Prevent Board to identify best practice and A 16-year-old girl with have oversight of support provided relatives who had travelled to to vulnerable individuals and families. Syria was identified to police MOPAC is uniquely placed because of its after publicly saying on social role in commissioning services for young media that she wanted to travel people and other vulnerable Londoners to Syria. She was accepted into to deliver more appropriate and tailored the ‘Channel’ process - which counter-radicalisation activity for the aims to provide support to city. The Mayor and MOPAC will work with individuals at risk of being drawn the Home Office to provide additional into violent extremism - and resource to boost the support available agreed to engage in the support in this area. programme provided, including a number of sessions with a In working with Prevent, we will mentor. continue to make a careful assessment of its use. It is important for us to Her risk of travel was deemed understand how it protects and affects so great that a Family Court Londoners as a whole. We will continually Order was taken out to confiscate seek and take account of the views of her passport and prevent travel. London’s communities, ensuring that Following this intervention, the those strategies that work are built upon girl returned to education and and used effectively; and those that do exited the ‘Channel’ programme not, or could be done better, are revised having had her vulnerability and improved. reduced. She did not travel to Syria. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 133 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 133

How MOPAC will deliver this Plan POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 135

OVERSEEING THE PERFORMANCE Measuring the things that matter OF THE MPS We will oversee the performance of One of the most important roles of the MPS by using a new, evidence-based MOPAC is to oversee the Metropolitan performance framework. Police on behalf of Londoners and hold it to account. This means ensuring the In the past, MPS performance has MPS is effective in its work and that it is been assessed through basic, city-wide efficient in the use of its budget. targets (to reduce burglary by 20 per cent, for example). While this is a simple We will provide in-depth scrutiny of way to set out and measure progress the MPS’ performance in keeping London towards an ambition, this approach has safe and delivering on the commitments significant drawbacks. in the Police and Crime Plan. First, city-wide crime reduction targets MOPAC will hold the MPS to account are not always the best option. Burglary by holding regular meetings with the MPS might not be a problem everywhere in the Commissioner and keeping a tight grip city, but a simple target means that the on the MPS budget, making decisions police everywhere target it, rather than on strategic and high-level spending and focusing on other offences that may ensuring the MPS and Londoners receive be more important to people in their area. value for money. Second, targets can have a negative MOPAC will oversee the delivery effect on police culture. Imposing of the Plan with partners through the numerical targets puts officers under development of joint delivery plans in pressure to focus more on achieving a collaboration across agencies. These will numerical target rather than on what they set clear joint objectives, outcomes, and joined the service to do: fight crime and performance frameworks against which help people. successful delivery of the Plan can be measured. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 135

Third, a strict focus on a fixed set of Tackling crime and antisocial crime targets can lead to other crimes behaviour: local policing, local not receiving the attention they need, a priorities, local problem solving point illustrated in HMIC review of Child Protection in the MPS, which found that Real neighbourhood policing means the pressure to meet the old ‘MOPAC 7’ officers and PCSOs who deal with the crime targets distracted officers things that matter to the people in their from dealing properly with extremely communities. vulnerable children. That is a situation we cannot allow to happen again. We have developed a new performance framework that enables Our new performance framework the Mayor to fulfil his role (making sure seeks to address all these problems. that people’s priorities are being dealt with effectively by the MPS and partner No more numerical targets agencies) while also giving local police the flexibility they need to do theirs – We want London to be a safer city responding to and resolving what really for all, but we will not set any fixed, matters to the people in their community. numerical, crime reduction targets for Equally, we want to ensure that the most the MPS. We want the MPS to be focused harmful – but often less visible – crimes, on doing the right thing for the public, such as sexual violence and child sexual rather than focusing on whether or not exploitation, are treated as priorities they will achieve an arbitrary numerical across the city. target set by politicians in City Hall. Instead of focusing on local crime Our performance framework takes targets imposed from City Hall, which a more sophisticated view, measuring may bear little resemblance to the the things that really matter to the things that really matter in communities safety of Londoners and that paint a themselves, we have consulted with more accurate picture of how safe and every Borough and developed a new confident London is. system of agreeing local priorities, in partnership with local police leaders and the elected local Council. This will mean that across London, local police teams are focusing on local priorities, agreed using data and evidence that we will provide publicly, and local strategic assessments. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 137

Under this system, each Borough has selected two local priority crimes, based on local knowledge, crime data and police intelligence, along with antisocial behaviour, which has been identified in our consultation for this Plan as an important issue in every Borough.

The priorities for all Boroughs will also include mandatory high-harm crimes: sexual violence, domestic abuse, child sexual exploitation, weapon-based crime and hate crime. We will actively monitor the volume of offences and look for a reduction in repeat victimisation.

MOPAC will support each Borough in making its decisions by providing detailed data and analysis of local crime trends.

To ensure that these priorities remain current and relevant, they will be refreshed annually, with flexibility to change during the year if necessary.

The Mayor and Deputy Mayor will hold the Commissioner to account for the MPS’ performance in tackling these local priorities. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 137

A BETTER POLICE SERVICE FOR LONDON

Using data from the MPS and MOPAC research, we will actively monitor and look for positive progress in:

• Victim satisfaction with police service using data from MOPAC’s User Satisfaction Survey • Public perceptions towards the MPS using data from MOPAC’s Public Attitude Survey • Reducing inequalities in satisfaction and public perceptions • A more representative MPS workforce, measured through recruitment data • Officers treated with fairness and respect by colleagues, measured through the MPS Staff Survey

A BETTER CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICE FOR LONDON

Using data from the Ministry of Justice and MOPAC research, we will actively monitor and look for positive progress in:

• Reducing offending behaviours of targeted cohorts, measuring offending, frequency and the severity of offences • Improving service for victims, such as compliance with the Victim’s Code of Practice • Improving victim satisfaction with the service they receive through the courts, measured through a new survey

KEEPING CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE SAFE

Using crime statistics and data from the Ministry of Justice, we will actively monitor and look for positive progress in:

• Reducing young people’s likelihood of becoming victims of crime • Reducing the number of first-time entrants to the Criminal Justice Service • Reducing the number of knife crimes, by volume and numbers of repeat victimisation • Reducing the number of gun crimes (including discharges) • Encouraging more victims of Child Sexual Exploitation to come forward and report POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 139

TACKLING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS

Using crime statistics and data from the Ministry of Justice, we will actively monitor and look for positive progress in:

• Encouraging more domestic abuse victims to come forward and reducing repeat victimisation • Encouraging more victims of sexual violence to come forward and reducing repeat victimisation • Reducing the rates of attrition in cases of violence against women and girls as they progress through the criminal justice process • Encouraging more victims of harmful practices such as female genital mutilation (FGM), ‘honour’-based violence and forced marriage to come forward and report

STANDING TOGETHER AGAINST HATRED AND INTOLERANCE

Using crime statistics, data from the Ministry of Justice and MOPAC research, we will actively monitor and look for positive progress in:

• Encouraging more victims of hate crime to come forward and report • Reducing the level of repeat victimisation • Reducing the rates of attrition in hate crime cases as they progress through the criminal justice process • Improving the level of satisfaction of victims of hate crime with the service they receive from the MPS and Criminal Justice Service

For the duration of this plan, MOPAC will continue to monitor all recorded crime in London and take action whenever and wherever necessary to ensure the safety of Londoners. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 139

How the MPS will manage its performance Finance and resources

The MPS has a framework for After years of cuts in police funding, analysing, understanding and improving pressures on the policing budget remain its performance, which will be driven by acute. Over the next four years, we these measures and priorities and play a anticipate having to make £400m in key part in the delivery of this Police and additional savings from the MPS budget. Crime Plan. Structures are in place to hold leaders to account, share effective practice Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of and encourage problem solving. They Constabulary has graded the MPS’ already include a substantial focus on the efficiency as good. We will continue key priorities in this Plan, including child to strive to deliver the most efficient safeguarding and knife crime. possible service for Londoners, using our oversight role to closely scrutinise The MPS and MOPAC teams undertake the way the MPS spends public money innovative analysis, complemented and promote value for money. by productive relationships with many universities. Meanwhile a wide range of data To meet the challenges of policing is made available for public scrutiny through a growing, modern city within the the MPS and MOPAC websites and the constrictions of a tight budget, this Plan London Datastore. sets out how the MPS will transform the way it operates to ensure that every pound spent on policing is delivering the maximum benefit to Londoners.

Our ambition is that back office costs are reduced to 15 per cent of the MPS’ overall expenditure.

The MOPAC/MPS budget for 2017/18 was agreed on 20th February 2017. You can read the budget in full at www.london.gov.uk/budget POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 141

Working with partners Furthermore, MOPAC has committed to maintain the £72m for the London Delivering the aims of the Police Crime Prevention Fund (LCPF) over and Crime Plan will depend on the the Police and Crime Plan period. This contributions of a range of partners new London Crime Prevention Fund across London. To enable this, we will settlement will be awarded according work with these organisations to develop to the greatest need across London’s joint priorities, shared outcomes and Boroughs, with a new emphasis on commissioning arrangements where ensuring every Londoner has the access possible. We will aim to produce joint to the services they need to help support delivery plans to complement this Plan them and keep them safe, in line with the and turn our ambitions into actions. principles of the Plan.

The Mayor has a unique convening Furthermore, some funds will power in London. Agencies in the be redirected to support joint criminal justice sector and beyond commissioning of services across look to the Mayor to provide leadership Boroughs, helping to facilitate the and to bring organisations together to provision of specialist services that need strengthen partnerships. a greater economy of scale than can be provided by one Borough alone. Local We will continue to work closely with Authorities will be core partners in the partners, to co-commission services development of this new funding pot, and to align strategic direction. We will which accounts for 30 per cent of the convene partners at the London Crime LCPF budget from 2018/19 onwards. Reduction Board to facilitate genuine collaborative working with the most senior officers from across the Criminal Justice Service and to influence key strategy decisions. Where we need to, we will lobby partners, advocate and call for action on priority issues to make sure we get the best services for Londoners. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 141

Who are our partners?

London Courts and and national Probation prosecution police forces

London Fire Transport Health Brigade

Voluntary Local Central and community Authorities Government sector (VCS) POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 143

Smarter commissioning want to be assured that the taxes paid by Londoners are being used as efficiently The Plan will guide an intelligent as possible. We will continue to make this approach to commissioning, underpinned happen with rigorous funding application by evidence and focused on delivering processes and robust contract genuine outcomes. We will continue management. to work with Boroughs and partners to make sure that the work we commission Engagement with the public meets the needs of our City and that resources are not wasted on duplication The Police and Crime Plan is an of services. important document for all Londoners, and we have endeavoured to provide There are two tiers to our as many Londoners as possible with a commissioning model: chance to have their voice heard during its development. Local commissioning – enabling local delivery. Each part of London is Between 24th October and 16th different, so we will work collaboratively November 2016, nearly 8,000 Londoners with Local Authorities to deliver took part in a survey on policing and programmes that meet the very specific crime via the Talk London website, to needs of each community. inform the creation of the draft Police and Crime Plan. The full results of this Regional commissioning – survey are available on the MOPAC supporting local delivery. We are also website. in a unique position to commission work across London that supports local The draft Police and Crime Plan was delivery. This means that we can provide published on 1st December 2016. It was consistent services that are accessible open for public consultation until 2nd by all Londoners who need them, and March 2017, and 513 people responded that can supplement local initiatives. to the online feedback survey, with a further 200 written responses received. Across all our commissioning, we will lead on innovation; testing new ideas The Deputy Mayor for Policing and and being at the forefront of advances Crime has conducted a wide range of in policing and crime policy. Importantly, visits, events and engagement meetings we will continue our grip on ensuring during the development of the Police and we secure genuine value for money. We Crime Plan. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 143

These meetings have included: the Forum, the Voluntary and Community MPS, British Transport Police, City of Sector Roundtable, the London Ibero- London Police, TfL, the Home Office, American Women’s Association, the the Ministry of Justice, the CPS, HMIC, Community Security Trust, the Muslim the National Crime Agency, the NHS, Council of Britain, the Stop and Search all of London’s Borough Councils, the Community Monitoring Network, Police Federation, the Metropolitan Crimestoppers, the Association of Black Police Association, the Youth Charitable Foundations, London Funders, Justice Board (Youth Custody Service), a MOPAC sexual violence roundtable, HM Prisons and Probation Service, the London Youth Big Talk, a MOPAC the London Community Rehabilitation business crime roundtable, a MOPAC Company, the London Assembly, the youth roundtable on knife crime, a All-Party Parliamentary Group for MOPAC roundtable with survivors of London, the Children’s Commissioner, harmful practices, the Mayor’s Knife Victim Support, London Citizens, the Crime Summit. Prison Reform Trust, London Heads of Community Safety, the Royal College She also hosted four public meetings of Psychiatrists, the London Safer and a public drop-in session on the draft Neighbourhood Board Forum, the Plan. London Safeguarding Children Board, the London Councils Leaders Committee, Inclusion and involvement are the London Violence Against Women at the heart of our approach to our and Girls Board, the VAWG Voluntary work, and we will continue to engage and Community Service Reference with communities and stakeholders Group, London Councils, the Migrant and throughout this Plan period, building Refugee Advisory Panel, Women’s Aid, relationships and working together to Pact, Faith Forums 4 London, Brixton make our city safer for all. Soup Kitchen, the London Community POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 145

MOPAC risk management every person is able to participate, reducing inequality and disadvantage Strategic risks of both MOPAC and and addressing the diverse needs of the the MPS receive scrutiny and challenge population. from the independent MOPAC/MPS Audit Health and health inequalities: to Panel. The Audit Panel is responsible for improve the mental and physical health enhancing public trust and confidence in and wellbeing of Londoners and to MOPAC and the MPS. reduce health inequalities across the city and between communities, which will The Audit Panel advises MOPAC and include an equality impact assessment the Metropolitan Police Commissioner against each protected characteristic. according to good governance principles and provides independent assurance Social integration: to ensure London on the adequacy and effectiveness has socially integrated communities of MOPAC MPS internal control that are strong, resilient and free of environment and risk management prejudices; which will include an impact framework. assessment on socio-economic factors. Economic, competitiveness The risk management policy of and employment: to maintain and MOPAC is to ensure the successful strengthen London’s position as a delivery of its business objectives leading connected, knowledge-based through the effective management of global city and to support a strong, risk by adopting best practice in the diverse and resilient economy, providing identification, evaluation and cost- opportunities for all. effective control of risks to ensure that After review, a decision was made that they are eliminated, tolerated, treated or the policing and crime policies proposed reduced to an acceptable level. in the Plan do not hold significant environmental impact. Therefore, a Integrated Impact Assessment separate Strategic Environmental Assessment has not been undertaken at The Integrated Impact Assessment this time. (IIA) of the Police and Crime Plan is an assessment of its impact on the An assessment of impact against following objectives: all protective characteristics is also Crime, safety and security: to included within the analysis. contribute to safety and security and the perceptions of safety. The Integrated Impact Assessment is Equality and inclusion: to make a separate document and accompanies London a fair and inclusive city where the Plan on the MOPAC website. POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 145

FOOTNOTES

i. https://www.london.gov.uk/mopac- 7. http://www.justiceinspectorates. publications/london-sexual-violence- gov.uk/hmiprobation/inspections/ needs-assessment-2016 northoflondon/

1. ONS 8. http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov. uk/hmic/publications/metropolitan- 2. http://www.londoncouncils.gov.uk/ police-service-national-child- node/30591 protection-inspection/

3. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ 9. https://www.gov.uk/government/ lammy-review-emerging-findings- publications/ending-gang-violence- published and-exploitation

4. http://researchbriefings.files. 10. http://news.met.police.uk/documents/ parliament.uk/documents/SN06152/ dame-elish-angiolini-review-46317 SN06152.pdf 11. For more information go to 5. https://www.london.gov.uk/mopac- www.london.gov.uk/affordablehomes publications/londons-preparedness- respond-major-terrorist-incident 12. ‘Independent Domestic Violence Advocates: Information Briefing 6. https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we- December 2010 Prostitution And do/mayors-office-policing-and-crime- Domestic Violence’. N.p., 2015. Web. mopac/data-and-research/criminal- 26 Aug. 2015. justice/criminal POLICE AND CRIME PLAN 2017-2021 146

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT • The policing of London that the Commissioner of Police of the What is the Police and Crime Plan for Metropolis (the Commissioner) is London? to provide; the financial and other resources that MOPAC is to provide The Mayor’s Office for Policing and to the Commissioner; the means by Crime (MOPAC), by virtue of the which the Commissioner will report Police Reform and Social Responsibility to MOPAC; the means by which the Act 2011 (the 2011 Act), must produce a Commissioner’s performance in Police and Crime Plan which sets out the providing policing will be measured; following: the services that are to be provided by virtue of section 143 of the Anti- • MOPAC’s police and crime objectives, social Behaviour, Crime and Policing which are: Act 2014; any grants that MOPAC is to make under that section, and the 1. The policing of London. conditions (if any) subject to which any such grants are to be made. 2. Crime and disorder reduction in London. The 2011 Act established the Commissioner of Police of the 3. The discharge of the Metropolis as a statutory corporate Metropolitan Police Service’s body. The Metropolitan Police, and the (MPS) national and international civilian staff of the Metropolitan Police, functions. are under the direction and control of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis. For the purposes of this Plan, references to the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) means the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, the Metropolitan Police force and its civilian staff.

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