Assessment of Potential and Problems of the Arctic Development1
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Environmental Impact Assessment for the Baydaratskaya Bay Crossing of the Yamai - West Europe Gas Pipeline System
Proceedings of the Seventh (1997) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Honolulu, USA, May 25-30, 1997 Copyright © 1997 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers ISBN 1-880653.-28-1 (Set); ISBN 1-880653-29-X (Vol. I) Environmental Impact Assessment for the Baydaratskaya Bay Crossing of the Yamai - West Europe Gas Pipeline System Alexander V. Beloshapkov, Vladimir B. Leschinsky and Alexander S. Tsvetsinsky EPS EcoSystem Moscow, Russia Konstantin A. Kashunin JSC Petergaz BV Moscow, Russia ABSTRACT BOVANENKOVSKOE GAS FIELD~ The Baydaratskaya Bay crossing in the Kara Sea is a part of the Yamal - West Europe gas system project, It is the fast ° experience of the large-diameter gas pipeline engineering in the Russian Arctic seas. The Environmental Impact Assessment of the construction for the fast two lines of the crossing is based on the results of six-year scientific program of Baydaratskaya r YAMAL Bay environmental studies. Laws, rules and regulations MARRE-SALE applicable to Environmental Impact Assessment in the Russian Federation are considered. The sources and types of possible impact during construction and operation stages are shown. % q4} KEY WORDS: Environment, impact, assessment, pipeline, underwater crossing, ecological examination. O q/. INTRODUCTION URAI \, B s ° The development of the Bovanenkovskoye gas field on the Z~ 20 40 km Yamal Peninsula in Northwest Siberia by JSC Gazprom, the Russian Gas company, requires a gas transport system to be PIPELINE i laid across the Baydaratskaya Bay in the Kara Sea. The .... PIPELINEUNDERWATER CROSSING i underwater crossing of main gas pipeline will connect the Yamal gas fields and onshore pipelines in the Yamal Peninsula with the Ural - West Europe pipeline system. -
Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure- Present State And
Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure – Present State and Future Potential By Claes Lykke Ragner FNI Report 13/2000 FRIDTJOF NANSENS INSTITUTT THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN INSTITUTE Tittel/Title Sider/Pages Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure – Present 124 State and Future Potential Publikasjonstype/Publication Type Nummer/Number FNI Report 13/2000 Forfatter(e)/Author(s) ISBN Claes Lykke Ragner 82-7613-400-9 Program/Programme ISSN 0801-2431 Prosjekt/Project Sammendrag/Abstract The report assesses the Northern Sea Route’s commercial potential and economic importance, both as a transit route between Europe and Asia, and as an export route for oil, gas and other natural resources in the Russian Arctic. First, it conducts a survey of past and present Northern Sea Route (NSR) cargo flows. Then follow discussions of the route’s commercial potential as a transit route, as well as of its economic importance and relevance for each of the Russian Arctic regions. These discussions are summarized by estimates of what types and volumes of NSR cargoes that can realistically be expected in the period 2000-2015. This is then followed by a survey of the status quo of the NSR infrastructure (above all the ice-breakers, ice-class cargo vessels and ports), with estimates of its future capacity. Based on the estimated future NSR cargo potential, future NSR infrastructure requirements are calculated and compared with the estimated capacity in order to identify the main, future infrastructure bottlenecks for NSR operations. The information presented in the report is mainly compiled from data and research results that were published through the International Northern Sea Route Programme (INSROP) 1993-99, but considerable updates have been made using recent information, statistics and analyses from various sources. -
Russia's Arctic Cities
? chapter one Russia’s Arctic Cities Recent Evolution and Drivers of Change Colin Reisser Siberia and the Far North fi gure heavily in Russia’s social, political, and economic development during the last fi ve centuries. From the beginnings of Russia’s expansion into Siberia in the sixteenth century through the present, the vast expanses of land to the north repre- sented a strategic and economic reserve to rulers and citizens alike. While these reaches of Russia have always loomed large in the na- tional consciousness, their remoteness, harsh climate, and inaccessi- bility posed huge obstacles to eff ectively settling and exploiting them. The advent of new technologies and ideologies brought new waves of settlement and development to the region over time, and cities sprouted in the Russian Arctic on a scale unprecedented for a region of such remote geography and harsh climate. Unlike in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of other countries, the Russian Far North is highly urbanized, containing 72 percent of the circumpolar Arctic population (Rasmussen 2011). While the largest cities in the far northern reaches of Alaska, Canada, and Greenland have maximum populations in the range of 10,000, Russia has multi- ple cities with more than 100,000 citizens. Despite the growing public focus on the Arctic, the large urban centers of the Russian Far North have rarely been a topic for discussion or analysis. The urbanization of the Russian Far North spans three distinct “waves” of settlement, from the early imperial exploration, expansion of forced labor under Stalin, and fi nally to the later Soviet development 2 | Colin Reisser of energy and mining outposts. -
Workers' Alliance Against Forced Labour and Trafficking
165˚W 150˚W 135˚W 120˚W 105˚W 90˚W 75˚W 60˚W 45˚W 30˚W 15˚W 0˚ 15˚E 30˚E 45˚E 60˚E 75˚E 90˚E 105˚E 120˚E 135˚E 150˚E 165˚E Workers' Alliance against Forced Labour and Tracking Chelyuskin Mould Bay Grise Dudas Fiord Severnaya Zemlya 75˚N Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean 75˚N Resolute Industrialised Countries and Transition Economies Queen Elizabeth Islands Greenland Sea Svalbard Dickson Human tracking is an important issue in industrialised countries (including North Arctic Bay America, Australia, Japan and Western Europe) with 270,000 victims, which means three Novosibirskiye Ostrova Pond LeptevStarorybnoye Sea Inlet quarters of the total number of forced labourers. In transition economies, more than half Novaya Zemlya Yukagir Sachs Harbour Upernavikof the Kujalleo total number of forced labourers - 200,000 persons - has been tracked. Victims are Tiksi Barrow mainly women, often tracked intoGreenland prostitution. Workers are mainly forced to work in agriculture, construction and domestic servitude. Middle East and North Africa Wainwright Hammerfest Ittoqqortoormiit Prudhoe Kaktovik Cape Parry According to the ILO estimate, there are 260,000 people in forced labour in this region, out Bay The “Red Gold, from ction to reality” campaign of the Italian Federation of Agriculture and Siktyakh Baffin Bay Tromso Pevek Cambridge Zapolyarnyy of which 88 percent for labour exploitation. Migrant workers from poor Asian countriesT alnakh Nikel' Khabarovo Dudinka Val'kumey Beaufort Sea Bay Taloyoak Food Workers (FLAI) intervenes directly in tomato production farms in the south of Italy. Severomorsk Lena Tuktoyaktuk Murmansk became victims of unscrupulous recruitment agencies and brokers that promise YeniseyhighN oril'sk Great Bear L. -
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Arctic and North. 2018. No. 33 55 UDC [332.1+338.1](985)(045) DOI: 10.17238/issn2221-2698.2018.33.66 The prospects of the Northern and Arctic territories and their development within the Yenisei Siberia megaproject © Nikolay G. SHISHATSKY, Cand. Sci. (Econ.) E-mail: [email protected] Institute of Economy and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Department of the Russian Academy of Sci- ences, Kransnoyarsk, Russia Abstract. The article considers the main prerequisites and the directions of development of Northern and Arctic areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai based on creation of reliable local transport and power infrastructure and formation of hi-tech and competitive territorial clusters. We examine both the current (new large min- ing and processing works in the Norilsk industrial region; development of Ust-Eniseysky group of oil and gas fields; gasification of the Krasnoyarsk agglomeration with the resources of bradenhead gas of Evenkia; ren- ovation of housing and public utilities of the Norilsk agglomeration; development of the Arctic and north- ern tourism and others), and earlier considered, but rejected, projects (construction of a large hydroelectric power station on the Nizhnyaya Tunguska river; development of the Porozhinsky manganese field; place- ment of the metallurgical enterprises using the Norilsk ores near Lower Angara region; construction of the meridional Yenisei railroad and others) and their impact on the development of the region. It is shown that in new conditions it is expedient to return to consideration of these projects with the use of modern tech- nologies and organizational approaches. It means, above all, formation of the local integrated regional pro- duction systems and networks providing interaction and cooperation of the fuel and raw, processing and innovative sectors. -
Siberian Expectations: an Overview of Regional Forest Policy and Sustainable Forest Management
Siberian Expectations: An Overview of Regional Forest Policy and Sustainable Forest Management July 2003 World Forest Institute Portland, Oregon, USA Authors: V.A. Sokolov, I.M. Danilin, I.V. Semetchkin, S.K. Farber,V.V. Bel'kov,T.A. Burenina, O.P.Vtyurina,A.A. Onuchin, K.I. Raspopin, N.V. Sokolova, and A.S. Shishikin Editors: A. DiSalvo, P.Owston, and S.Wu ABSTRACT Developing effective forest management brings universal challenges to all countries, regardless of political system or economic state. The Russian Federation is an example of how economic, social, and political issues impact development and enactment of forest legislation. The current Forest Code of the Russian Federation (1997) has many problems and does not provide for needed progress in the forestry sector. It is necessary to integrate economic, ecological and social forestry needs, and this is not taken into account in the Forest Code. Additionally, excessive centralization in forest management and the forestry economy occurs. This manuscript discusses the problems facing the forestry sector of Siberia and recommends solutions for some of the major ones. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Research for this book was supported by a grant from the International Research and Exchanges Board with funds provided by the Bureau of Education and Cultural Affairs, a division of the United States Department of State. Neither of these organizations are responsible for the views expressed herein. The authors would particularly like to recognize the very careful and considerate reviews, including many detailed editorial and language suggestions, made by the editors – Angela DiSalvo, Peyton Owston, and Sara Wu. They helped to significantly improve the organization and content of this book. -
Downloaded Daily to the Geodetic Survey Division in Ottawa, Where They Are Reviewed for Quality Control, Archived, and Uploaded to the International GPS Service
Arctic Coastal Dynamics Report of the 4th International Workshop VNIIOkeangeologia, St. Petersburg (Russia), 10-13 November 2003 Edited by Volker Rachold and Georgy Cherkashov Volker Rachold, Alfred Wegener Institute, Research Unit Potsdam, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany Georgy Cherkashov, VNIIOkeangeologia (Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the Ocean), Angliysky prospect 1, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia Preface Arctic Coastal Dynamics (ACD) is a joint project of the International Arctic Sciences Committee (IASC) and the International Permafrost Association (IPA) and a regional project of IGBP-LOICZ (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme – Land- Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone). Its overall objective is to improve our understanding of circum-Arctic coastal dynamics as a function of environmental forcing, coastal geology and cryology and morphodynamic behavior. The fourth IASC-sponsored ACD workshop was held in St. Petersburg, Russia, on November 10-13, 2003. Participants from Canada (7), Germany (7), Great Britain (2), the Netherlands (1), Norway (1), Russia (32), Ukraine (1) and the United States (8) attended. During the first part of the workshop, 63 papers dealing with regional and/or circum-Arctic coastal dynamics were presented. Based on the material presented, five thematic working groups were identified: (1) GIS working group to develop of a circum-Arctic coastal GIS system, (2) coastal permafrost working group to discuss processes involved in the transition of onshore to offshore permafrost, (3) biogeochemistry working group with the focus on transport and fate of eroded material (4) biodiversity working group to initiate planning of an Arctic Coastal Biodiversity research agenda, (5) environmental data working group to discuss coastal dynamics as a function of environmental forcing. -
Subject of the Russian Federation)
How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country. -
A Case Study on the Angara/Yenisey River System in the Siberian Region
land Article Optical Spectral Tools for Diagnosing Water Media Quality: A Case Study on the Angara/Yenisey River System in the Siberian Region Costas A. Varotsos 1,2 , Vladimir F. Krapivin 3, Ferdenant A. Mkrtchyan 3 and Yong Xue 2,4,* 1 Department of Environmental Physics and Meteorology, University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; [email protected] 2 School of Environment Science and Geoinformatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China 3 Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino, 141190 Moscow, Russia; [email protected] (V.F.K.); [email protected] (F.A.M.) 4 College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Derby DD22 3AW, UK * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This paper presents the results of spectral optical measurements of hydrochemical char- acteristics in the Angara/Yenisei river system (AYRS) extending from Lake Baikal to the estuary of the Yenisei River. For the first time, such large-scale observations were made as part of a joint American-Russian expedition in July and August of 1995, when concentrations of radionuclides, heavy metals, and oil hydrocarbons were assessed. The results of this study were obtained as part of the Russian hydrochemical expedition in July and August, 2019. For in situ measurements and sampling at 14 sampling sites, three optical spectral instruments and appropriate software were used, including big data processing algorithms and an AYRS simulation model. The results show Citation: Varotsos, C.A.; Krapivin, V.F.; Mkrtchyan, F.A.; Xue, Y. Optical that the water quality in AYRS has improved slightly due to the reasonably reduced anthropogenic Spectral Tools for Diagnosing Water industrial impact. -
Arctic Entrepreneurship Development Factors
Alexander N. Pilyasov1* 1 Institute of Regional Consulting, Moscow, Russia *Corresponding author: [email protected] ARCTIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT FACTORS ABSTRACT. When studying Arctic entrepreneurship, the researcher encounters many paradoxes. Against the background of a powerfully developed topic of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship in regional science, the layer of work on the entrepreneur in the Arctic is extremely thin. What is even worse – well-known mainstream theories turns out to be unsuitable for the study of Arctic entrepreneurship. Under these conditions, the only way out for a researcher is to attach to a zonal paradigm and recognize the Arctic as an anti-mainland, and Arctic entrepreneur as the full antipode of a continental fellow. The adherence to the zonal paradigm removes contradictions and equips the researcher with a comparative method to elaborate all facets of the Arctic exceptionalism in the figure of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur here is understood as a close «relative» to the indigenous peoples and the entire Arctic economy, the Arctic environment, and their specific behavioral traits and adaptation strategies to natural and economic extremes. The most important factors in the development of entrepreneurship in the Arctic, which create a mosaic picture of situations in the Arctic territories, are: the geographical location – an island or quasi-mainland position; the presence of large resource corporations and a specific stage of their exploitation of the resource field; the institutional structure of the local economy in terms of the degree of nationalization. The cumulative impact of these factors creates a multi-faceted picture, when the Murmansk oblast is at one pole of the extreme favorable conditions for business, and the Chukotka autonomous okrug is at the other extreme hardness. -
Coastal Dynamics of the Pechora and Kara Seas
DOI: 10.15356/2071-9388_03v09_2016_04 Stanislav A. Ogorodov1*, Alisa V. Baranskaya2, Nataliya G. Belova3, Anatoly M. Kamalov4, Dmitry E. Kuznetsov5, Paul P. Overduin6, Natalya N. Shabanova7, Aleksey P. Vergun8 1 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; e-mail: [email protected] * Corresponding author ENVIRONMENT 2 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; 53 e-mail: [email protected] 3 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; e-mail: [email protected] 4 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; e-mail: [email protected] 5 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; e-mail: [email protected] 6 Department of Geosciences, division of periglacial research, Alfred Wegener Institute Telegrafenberg A43, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] 7 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; e-mail: [email protected] 8 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia, Tel: + 7-495-939 25 26 Fax: + 7-495-932 88 36; Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, Kropotkinskiy pereulok, 6, 119034, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: [email protected] COASTAL DYNAMICS OF THE PECHORA AND KARA SEAS UNDER CHANGING CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND HUMAN DISTURBANCES ABSTRACT. -
Main Principles of the Strategy of Socioeconomic Development of the Northern and Arctic Regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai)
DOI: 10.17516/1997-1370-0608 УДК 332.14 Main Principles of the Strategy of Socioeconomic Development of the Northern and Arctic Regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai) Anatolii G. Tsykalova, Ruslan V. Goncharovb, Natalia P. Koptsevac, Aleksandr N. Peliasovd,e, Aleksandra V. Poturaevad,e and Nadezhda Iu. Zamiatinad,e a Government of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai) Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation b National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow, Russian Federation c Siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation d Institute of Regional Consulting Moscow, Russian Federation e Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow, Russian Federation E-mail address: [email protected] [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0003-3910-7991 (Koptseva); 0000-0002-4941-9027 (Zamiatina) Received 10.03.2020, received in revised form 30.04.2020, accepted 12.05.2020 Abstract. The article reflects the main features of the new Strategy for Socioeconomic Development of the Northern and Arctic Regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of Russia. The work employs standard methodological tools for the development of the regional strategic documents, such as assessment of the situation, general principles of the socioeconomic development of the Northern and Arctic regions, characteristics of the main tools and expected results of the strategy, and spatial planning issues. The new policy is aimed at the comprehensive elimination of the development contrasts between the municipalities of the North and the Arctic region. Great expectations are associated with the introduction of innovations in the universal delivery of the critical services and products to the remote towns and settlements of the region. The main methodological innovation applied in the Strategy is the establishment of three project offices working on the problem on three large-scale levels.