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Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea Inhabiting Galls of Cynipidae in Jordan

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Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea Inhabiting Galls of Cynipidae in Jordan © Entomologica Fennica. 15 January 2009 Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea inhabiting galls of Cynipidae in Jordan Maria C. Rizzo & Richard R. Askew Rizzo, M. C. & Askew, R. R. 2008: Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea inhabiting galls of Cynipidae in Jordan. — Entomol. Fennica 19: 218–227. Twenty-three species of Chalcidoidea (5 Eurytomidae, 4 Torymidae, 2 Ormyridae, 5 Pteromalidae and 7 Eulophidae) are recorded as regular members of the parasitoid fauna inhabiting galls of Cynipidae in Jordan. The occurrence of three additional species, probably only facultatively associated with cynipid galls, is noted. Twenty-two out of the total 26 species were previously unre- corded in the country, while 13 of them are also new for the entire Middle East. Eighteen new host records were detected, together with 24 new plant-parasitoid associations. The biology of each species is briefly commented upon, as well as the presence of a host-related colour variation in some species. M. C. Rizzo, SENFIMIZO Department, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 13, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; E-mail: [email protected] R. R. Askew, 5 Beeston Hall Mews, Beeston, Tarporley, Cheshire CW6 9TZ, United Kingdom; E-mail: [email protected] Received 19 April 2007, accepted 1 November 2007 1. Introduction All the collected galls were induced by Cynipini on Quercus spp. (Fagaceae), except for one Gall-inducing species of Cynipidae are well- sample induced by a species of Aylacini on stems known to suffer considerable mortality from of Salvia sp. (Lamiaceae). chalcidoid parasitoids (Askew 1984, Stone et al. 2002, Csóka et al. 2005). Gall wasps of Quercus Linnaeus (Fagaceae), the Cynipini, are particu- 2. Materials and methods larly severely attacked and their associated com- munities of inquilines and parasitoids are often About 400 galls of Cynipidae were collected by large (Askew 1984, Stone et al. 2002, Csóka et al. Bruno Massa in Jordan during the periods 22.V.– 2005). Whilst the parasitoid communities of 3.VI.1999, 23.X.–4.XI.1999 and 23.IV.–3.V. cynipid gall wasps in the Western Palaearctic are 2000. The collecting area extended over 1,950 relatively well-known (Stone et al. 2002, Csóka km2 and lied in the highlands. Climate and vege- et al. 2005, Askew et al. 2006a), those of the Mid- tation are typically Mediterranean, even if large dle East have been studied very little (cf. Noyes areas are now agricultural land. Forests of Pinus 2003). In this paper we present details of the halepensis Miller and evergreen oak Quercus Chalcidoidea reared from some samples of calliprinos Webb occur up to 1200 m above sea cynipid galls collected by Bruno Massa level, while two deciduous oaks, Q. ithaburensis (Palermo) in Jordan during three visits between Decaisne and Q. boissieri (Reuter), have scat- 1999 and 2000 (Nieves-Aldrey & Massa 2006). tered stands at lower altitudes and over 700 m ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 19 • Jordanian Chalcidoidea from Cynipid galls 219 a.s.l., respectively. Annual rainfall ranges in this cent molecular analyses that at least two species area between 250 and 550 mm. are confused under the name. As a larva it is an Galls were stored in cooled bags, transferred ectophagous parasitoid and can develop on the in Italy, and put by B. Massa in small boxes at host cynipid, another parasitoid or, very com- room temperature in laboratory for three years, in monly, on a cynipid inquiline (Synergus spp.), order to obtain adult insects. Galls were induced sometimes consuming gall tissue as well as the in- by 17 species of Cynipidae (for details, see sect host (Askew 1961a). The species was known Nieves-Aldrey & Massa 2006); parasitoids only for Israel in the Middle East (Pujade-Villar emerged only from 9 of them. They were et al. 2003), and unrecorded on the cited plants mounted, labelled and studied by us. (cf. Noyes 2003). Eurytoma cynipsea Boheman, 1836 3. Results and discussion Material. 3## 8$$, Umm Qays, 2## 5$$, Dair Abi Said 30.IV.2000, 1$, Judayta (Ajlun) The families of Chalcidoidea represented in the 29.IV.2000, all ex galls Hedickiana levantina parasitoid communities associated with galls of (Hedicke) collected in stems of Salvia sp. Cynipidae in the Western Palaearctic are Euryto- Notes. This material has already been cited by midae, Torymidae, Ormyridae, Pteromalidae, Askew et al. (2006a), as a new host and plant re- Eupelmidae and Eulophidae (Askew 1984, cord and for the first time in the entire Middle Csóka et al. 2005). All these families, with the ex- East. E. cynipsea was previously known as a pa- ception of Eupelmidae, are represented in our rasitoid of several species of Aylacini (Aulacidea samples from Jordan. Ashmead, Phanacis Foerster, Timaspis Mayr, We obtained 916 parasitoids from 9 species of Iraella Nieves-Aldrey, Isocolus Foerster) gall-in- Cynipidae, belonging to 23 species regularly in- ducers on herbaceous plants, particularly of those habiting cynipid galls and to three additional spe- forming galls in the flower stems of Asteraceae cies, probably only facultatively associated with (cf. Askew et al. 2006a). them. Among them 22 were unrecorded for Jor- dan, and 13 of these were also new for the whole Eurytoma infracta Mayr, 1904 Middle East (Table 1). Moreover, 18 new host re- Material.1#4$$,UmmQays,exgallsHe- cords were detected, together with 24 new plant- dickiana levantina collected 24.V.1999 in stems parasitoid associations (Table 1). Two species of Salvia sp. showed a host-related variation in body pigmen- Notes. This material has already been cited by tation. Details on this aspect as well as on the bio- Askew et al. (2006a). The species was previously logy of each species are given below. unknown for the whole Middle East and the host record is new. E. infracta was described origi- 3.1. Annotated list of Chalcidoidea nally from material reared from galls of Neaylax salviae (Giraud) in flower heads of Salvia 3.1.1. Family Eurytomidae officinalis Linnaeus, and it seems to be most fre- quently associated with galls of Aylacini on Sal- Eurytoma brunniventris Ratzeburg, 1852 via spp. (Askew et al. 2006a). It is also reported Material. 2## 2$$, Ajlun, reared from uniden- parasitizing Oxyna parietina (Linnaeus) tified galls (possibly Neuroterus quercus- (Tephritidae) (Klausnitzer 1968), and it has been baccarum (Linnaeus) (sexual generation)) col- reared from galls of Aylax minor (Hartig) and lected 28.IV.2000 on Q. boissieri; 49## 41$$, Barbotinia oraniensis (Barbotin) in seed capsules Ajlun, ex galls Plagiotrochus quercusilicis of Papaver spp. (Askew et al. 2006a). (Fabricius) (sexual generation) collected 25.V. 1999 on Q. calliprinos. Sycophila biguttata (Swederus, 1795) Notes. Eurytoma brunniventris is undoubt- Material. 2$$, Judayta (Ajlun), ex galls Andri- edly a very polyphagous parasitoid in galls of cus grossulariae Giraud (sexual generation) col- Cynipini, although there are indications from re- lected 29.IV.2000 on Q. ithaburensis. 220 Rizzo & Askew • ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 19 Table 1. Chalcidoidea reared from galls of Cynipidae in Jordan. All chalcidoid species are new for Jordan except those marked with a star, which were already cited by Askew et al. (2006a). Species marked with a black dot are new host or plant/parasitoid associations. New records Chalcidoid parasitoid Cynipid host Host plant Jordan Eurytoma brunniventris ?Neuroterus quercusbaccarum #$ Quercus boissieri Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Middle East Eurytoma cynipsea* Hedickiana levantina Salvia sp. Middle East Eurytoma infracta* Hedickiana levantina Salvia sp. Jordan Sycophila biguttata Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Jordan Sycophila variegata Andricus miriami #$ Q. ithaburensis Andricus grossulariae #$ Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Jordan Megastigmus dorsalis Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Dryocosmus cerriphilus #$ Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Middle East Glyphomerus tibialis* Hedickiana levantina Salvia sp. Middle East Torymus geranii Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Dryocosmus cerriphilus #$ Middle East Torymus notatus Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Jordan Ormyrus nitidulus Dryocosmus israeli #$ Q. ithaburensis Jordan Ormyrus pomaceus Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Dryocosmus israeli #$ Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Jordan Cyrtoptyx robustus Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Aphelonyx cerricola Jordan Cecidostiba fungosa Andricus miriami #$ Q. ithaburensis Andricus grossulariae #$ Aphelonyx cerricola Middle East Cecidostiba ilicina Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Jordan Hobbya stenonota Dryocosmus israeli #$ Q. ithaburensis Jordan Mesopolobus amaenus Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Middle East Aulogymnus arsames ?Neuroterus quercusbaccarum #$ Q. boissieri Middle East Aulogymnus bicolor Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Middle East Aulogymnus testaceoviridis Andricus miriami #$ Q. ithaburensis Andricus grossulariae #$ Middle East Pediobius lysis Andricus quercustozae $$ Q. boissieri Middle East Pediobius rotundatus Andricus grossulariae #$ Q. ithaburensis Plagiotrochus quercusilicis #$ Q. calliprinos Middle East Baryscapus berhidanus Andricus quercustozae $$ Q. boissieri Jordan Baryscapus ?papaveris* Hedickiana levantina Salvia sp. New records Occasional species Inquiline host Host plant Jordan Perilampus sp. nr tristis Tortricidae Q. ithaburensis Middle East Copidosoma ortyx Gelechiidae Q. ithaburensis Jordan Dibrachys sp. Gelechiidae Q. ithaburensis
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