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APR 2018 As It Warms up Consistently and a Ter Sunset, but Ends the Month Rising Just Half Hint of Green Will Return Towards the End of This an Hour After Sunset

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APR 2018 As It Warms up Consistently and a Ter Sunset, but Ends the Month Rising Just Half Hint of Green Will Return Towards the End of This an Hour After Sunset Page 1 Skylights Newsletter of the Astronomical Society of Northern New England Scorpius that is 700 times the size of our own What’s Up in April sun. Its very name means “rival of Mars” and By Bernie Reim it is about the same brightness and color as Mars is now. If you could place Antares he month of April is named after where our sun is in the sky, its outer surface aprilis, which means aperture or would engulf our solar system out to beyond opening. That is what this part of the the orbit of Mars around our sun. northern hemisphere will be doing Jupiter begins the month rising 3 hours af- APR 2018 as it warms up consistently and a ter sunset, but ends the month rising just half hint of green will return towards the end of this an hour after sunset. The king of the planets first full month of spring. continues to get a little brighter and closer There will be plenty of interesting highlights and bigger each evening and is getting very this month as we open ourselves to what the close to its best for the year. That is called spring skies have to offer us. There will be a opposition and will happen in early May. No- very close conjunction of Saturn and Mars in the tice that Jupiter is already tracing its retro- Member of NASA’s morning sky and then a nice conjunction of the grade or westward loop in our sky in Libra slender waxing crescent moon with Venus and now. That westward motion will not end un- the Pleiades in Taurus by the middle of April. til two months after its opposition. To top it off, the first good meteor shower since Mercury has left Venus in the evening sky the Geminids last year will happen on Sunday nd and switched back to the morning for most of night the 22 , which is also Earth Day. They this month. However, it will be a low appear- are called the Lyrids and they are caused by ance for our first planet as it only rises about Comet Thatcher. an hour before sunrise and never escapes the Mars has been approaching Saturn fairly twilight low on the eastern horizon. Mercury Astronomical League rapidly each morning towards the end of March. is now moving from inferior conjunction The red planet will finally appear to catch and then overtake the ringed planet on the second “ Continued on page 2 ” ASNNE MISSION day of this month in Sagittarius and then continue eastward into the next constellation, Inside This Issue ASNNE is an Capricorn. They will be just over one degree incorporated, non- Club Contact List pg 2 profit, scientific and apart when that happens. Then keep watching as educational a last quarter moon joins the pair on April 7. Moon Data pg 3,4 organization with The best time to see this would be about an hour Sky Object Of The Month three primary goals: before sunrise as dawn begins to break over the ocean. 1) To have fun I was able to see the nice morning line up of RED ALERT: LASERS IN SPACE pg 5 sharing our 3 bright planets and 3 bright stars along with a Meteor Showers in 2018 knowledge and interest with others. waning crescent moon about an hour before NASA’s Space Place sunrise last month. The earth shine reflected Club Merchandise for Sale 2) To provide basic back to us from the moon added a nice three education in dimensional sense of depth to this lovely string Measuring the Movement of Water pg 6,7 astronomy and of celestial pearls suspended over the Atlantic as on Earth related sciences to dawn was breaking. A similar sequence will all who are occur again in the morning sky this month, but Astroimaging pg 8,9 interested. Mars and Saturn will have switched places from our perspective in their constant motions around Club Meeting & Star Party Dates Pg 10 3) To promote the Directions ASNNE Locations the sun. science of Astronomy. Then continue along this string and you will Become a Member pg 11 encounter Antares, an orange supergiant star in Page 2 Skylights What’s Up “ Continued from page 1 ” April 7. Watch the waning gibbous moon directly Club Contacts with the sun to greatest western elongation at 27 degrees west of the sun by the end of the above Saturn and Mars one hour before sunrise in the eastern sky this morning. Then watch it the month. Through a telescope, you can watch it Officers: next morning and you will see that it is 12 degrees get more illuminated even as it gets smaller in farther east, or to the left of this pair of close plan- President: our sky. ets. The Compton Gamma Ray observatory was Ron Burk Venus continues to get higher and set later launched on this day in 1991. Part of a whole fam- ily of 4 great space telescopes, this one studied the [email protected] in our evening sky as the month progresses. sky in the most energetic of all wavelength of Our sister planet will not reach its highest Vice President: light, gamma rays. It did discover about one new point for this appearance until June, when it gamma ray burst randomly appearing in our sky Joan Chamberlin will not set until 10 pm. Notice that a slender each day during its 9-year life in orbit. Those are [email protected] waxing crescent moon will join Venus in the extremely powerful events caused by neutron star evening sky on April 17 and then continue mergers or hyper novae explosions. NASA had to Secretary: into Taurus past the Pleiades and the bright deorbit this wonderful space telescope on June 4 of Carl Gurtman orange giant star named Aldebaran in the 2000, after gathering great data and helping us [email protected] Hyades star cluster, which marks the face of make many new discoveries and expanding our knowledge of the invisible gamma ray universe af- Taurus the bull. Treasurer: ter one of its 3 gyroscopes failed. Ian Durham The Lyrid meteor shower peaks on Sun- nd April 8. Last quarter moon is at 3:19 a.m. DST. [email protected] day morning the 22 , which is also Earth April 11. On this day in 1986, Halley’s Comet Day. If you wait until the last quarter moon sets around midnight on the 21st, you could made its closest approach to Earth. I saw it several Board of Directors: times during that apparition, first spotting in on see about 10 to 15 meteors per hour. That is November 8 of 1985, exactly 329 years after his Gary Asperschlager not a great rate, but it is better than the back- birth in 1656. [email protected] ground rate of 3 or 4 per hour on any clear night of the year without a particular shower April 12. On this day in 1961, Yuri Gagarin be- came the first human to ever orbit the earth. John Larry Burkett taking place. [email protected] Glenn became the first American to orbit less than All of the Lyrids will appear to emanate one year later, on February 20 of 1962. Chase Delaney from the constellation of Lyra the Harp, close April 15. New moon is at 9:58 p.m. DST. [email protected] to its border with Hercules. Caused by Comet Thatcher, this is the oldest recorded meteor April 17. Watch the waxing crescent moon directly Star Party below Venus this evening. Then watch the moon shower. It was first recorded 2700 years ago just below Aldebaran in the Pleiades the next eve- Co-ordinator: in China. The Lyrids are caused by tiny, sand ning. grain-sized pieces of this comet entering our TBD upper atmosphere at about 70 miles high at April 18. Saturn rises in the east at around one in the morning. Saturn is now at aphelion, the farthest around 35 miles per second. They are the sec- Skylights Editor: it has been from the sun since 1959 at just over one ond fastest meteors after the Leonid Shower billion miles away. in November. There is an outburst of nearly Paul Kursewicz April 22. The Lyrid meteor shower peaks this [email protected] 100 meteors per hour about every 30 years, morning. The moon passes directly below the Bee- but one is not expected this year. Its parent hive open star cluster in Cancer the crab this eve- Website Manager: comet has a long orbit around the sun of 415 ning. First quarter moon is at 5:47 p.m. years and its last close pass was in 1861. Nan Musgrave April 25. The Hubble Space Telescope was de- [email protected] April 1. On this day in 1997 Comet Hale- ployed on this day in 1990. It is still operating effi- Bopp made its closest approach to the sun, ciently now 28 years and over one million great NASA Night Sky which is also called perihelion. This was a pictures later. Network great comet that hung around for almost a April 29. Full moon is at 8:59 p.m. This is also Co-ordinator: year and covered nearly a quarter of the sky called the Pink, Fish, Grass, or Egg Moon. when it was at its best. The year before, an- April 30. Frances Wright was born on this day in Joan Chamberlin other once-in-a-lifetime comet made a close 1897. She was a Harvard astronomer who taught [email protected] approach to Earth.
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