Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 21 November 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0251.v1 Article Aphid Antifeedant Compounds from an Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma sp. EFI671 Nutan Kaushik 1,2, Carmen E. Diaz 3, Hemraj Chhipa1,4, L. Fernando Julio5, M. Fe Andres5 and Azucena Gonzalez-Coloma5,* 1 The Energy Resources Institute, Indian Habitat Center, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India 2 Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, India 3 Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC. Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206. Tenerife, Spain ; 4 College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalawar, Agriculture Univercity Kota-326001, Rajasthan, India; 5 Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, Serrano, 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain. 5 * Correspondence:
[email protected] Abstract: In the current study, an ethyl acetate extract from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. EFI 671, isolated from the stem parts of the medicinal plant Laurus sp. was screened for bioactivity against plant pathogens (Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea), insect pests (Spodoptera littoralis, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi) and plant parasites (Meloidogyne javanica). The chemical study of this insect antifeedant extract resulted in the isolation of 1-oleoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol (1), eburicol (2), β-sitostenone (3), ergosterol (4) and ergosterol peroxide (5). The free fatty acids present in compound 1 (oleic, linoleic and palmitic) showed strong dose-dependent aphid antifeedant effects against M. persicae. Liquid (PDB, and SDB) and solid (corn, sorghum, pearl millet and rice) growth media were tested in order to optimize the yield and bioactivity of the fungal extracts. Pearl millet and corn gave the highest extract yields.