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Influence of Ceramic Waste Aggregate Properties on Strength of Ceramic Waste Aggregate Concrete

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Influence of Ceramic Waste Aggregate Properties on Strength of Ceramic Waste Aggregate Concrete IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 INFLUENCE OF CERAMIC WASTE AGGREGATE PROPERTIES ON STRENGTH OF CERAMIC WASTE AGGREGATE CONCRETE V. Giridhar1, H. Sudarsana Rao2, P. Suresh Praveen Kumar3 1Associate professor, Dept of Civil Engineering, KSRM College of Engineering-Kadapa, A.P. 2I/C Vice chancellor and Professor of Civil Engineering, JNTUA, Ananthapuramu, A.P 3Assistant Professor, Dept of Civil Engineering, KSRM College of Engineering-Kadapa, A.P Abstract The Present paper investigates the influence of ceramic waste aggregate properties on strength aspects of ceramic waste aggregate concrete. Ceramic waste aggregate concrete (CWAC) is prepared by replacing natural coarse aggregate with ceramic waste aggregate at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%. The behavior of ceramic waste aggregate concrete (CWAC) is studied in two states, fresh state and hardened state. In fresh state, workability studies are studied with slump cone test and compaction factor test and in hardened state, strength of the CWAC is studied with compression test and tensile strength by indirect method. Due to the influence of water absorption and external porcelain nature, composition of the ceramic waste aggregate, workability and strength of the ceramic waste aggregate concrete is declining gradually but its strength values are more than the targeted mean strength of M20 grade concrete even after replacing 100% of natural coarse aggregate. Keywords: Ceramic waste aggregate, Ceramic aggregate concrete, water absorption, Compressive strength, Tensile strength. 1. INTRODUCTION: ceramic production is 100 million ton per year and about 15- 30% of ceramic waste is generating from the total Concrete has become inevitable construction material in production [3]. Nearly 30% of waste is generated during the human life due to wide spread usage in modern construction manufacturing, transportation and usage of ceramic products and its properties like strength and durability. Concrete is a [4]. Ceramic products are made from natural materials material synonyms with strength and longevity have which contain high proportion of earth minerals, through a emerged as the dominant construction material for the process of dehydration followed by controlled firing at infrastructural needs in the present situation. Due to the vast temperatures of 1200 to 1290°c [5]. Based on the previous usage of concrete in India, unavailability of quality concrete research, ceramic waste aggregate was durable, hard and ingredients is observed in the nature. The continuous usage highly resistant to chemical and physical degradation forces of natural resources and the consequent energy requirement [6].The surface texture mineralogy affected the bond for this processing has a serious economic impact. So, for between ceramic waste aggregate and cement paste. future generation, concrete ingredients have to be left over Depreciation of strength was due to increase of stress levels by replacing the quantity of concrete ingredients. on specimen at which micro cracking was begun for failure [7]. The strength of ceramic aggregate concrete with Ceramic waste from ceramic industries is one of the serious ceramic insulator scrap has decreased and it was 16% lower problems of generating waste near by the industries. compressive strength and 11% lower split tensile strength Ceramic industrial waste is used into production of new than the conventional concrete for 28 days. The reason for concrete by replacing natural coarse aggregate and fine decreased mode was due to smooth surface texture of aggregate at different levels. In INDIA it has been estimated ceramic aggregates and poor bonding properties of the that about 30% of the daily production of ceramic materials matrix with aggregates [8]. Compressive strength and split goes on waste during the manufacturing, transportation and tensile strengths were decreased when the percentage of usage. Recycling of ceramic waste is not practicing at replacement with ceramic waste aggregate increased due to present, however the ceramic waste is durable, hard and the mechanical properties of ceramic waste aggregate [9]. highly resistant to the biological, chemical and physical The rate of decrease for compressive strength and split degradation forces. [1]. There is an interest mounting up to tensile strength of ceramic waste concrete was 3.8 and the handling of waste materials as different aggregates and 18.2% [10]. The weakest results were obtained with brick significant research was performed on the use of many ceramic as coarse aggregate in concrete composition and different materials as aggregate substitute such as ceramic compressive strength was reduced to 38% with100% waste and other industrial wastes. The waste aggregates can replacement of coarse aggregate. Reduction behavior of be used as well as in mortar and concrete. These waste compressive strength was due to angular shape of aggregate, materials can solve few problems like lack of aggregates in which produced large amount of voids in the concrete construction sites and environmental problems [2]. In India, section [11]. The compressive strength of ceramic waste _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 04 Special Issue: 13 | ICISE-2015 | Dec-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 15 IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 aggregate concrete ranges from 15-30MPa and these values 3. MATERIALS were lower than conventional concrete [12]. Crushed ceramic block was used as coarse recycled coarse aggregate 3.1. Cement in concrete composition, the compression resistance and Ordinary Portland cement of 53 grade, conforming to modulus of elasticity were equal with natural coarse IS12269-1987 has been procured for experimentation work. aggregate by replacing recycled aggregate at 10 and 20% Specific gravity of cement was 3.05 and initial setting and but results were decreased when substitution of coarse final setting times were 80 and 280 minutes respectively. aggregate was 40% [13]. Compressive and split tensile strengths of ceramic waste aggregate concrete were 13 and 3.2. Fine aggregate 31% lower than the conventional concrete due to higher water absorption and brittle nature of the ceramic waste Locally available “Penna river” sand has been used as fine aggregate [14]. aggregate in the experimental work and it was conformed to zone-II of Table 4 according to IS: 383-1970. Specific 2. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION gravity of fine aggregate was found as 2.62. Experimentation was performed for the conclusion 3.3. Natural coarse aggregate of following Crushed granite aggregate available from local sources has To study the basic physical and mechanical been used in the experimental work and its specific gravity properties of ceramic waste aggregate was 2.64 To Verify the condition of CWAC in fresh state Behavior of ceramic waste aggregate under 3.4. Ceramic waste aggregate compression and indirect tension Ceramic waste has been collected from waste dump at Percentage loss of strength for ceramic waste “Shirdi Sai Electricals-Kadapa”, A.P, (India). Ceramic aggregate concrete bushes are used in manufacturing of transformers and crushing of waste ceramic bushes was carried out manually to make the required size of aggregate as 20 and 12.5 mm. Fig1and fig 2 are representing the usage of ceramic bush into the manufacturing of transformers and the waste dump developed at ceramic industry. The properties of ceramic waste aggregate and comparison of properties with respect natural coarse aggregate are published in Table 1. Fig-1 Usage of Ceramic bush into the transformers Fig-2 Ceramic waste dump _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 04 Special Issue: 13 | ICISE-2015 | Dec-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 16 IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 3.5. Water 4. MIX PROPORTION Locally available bore well water has been used for mixing Mix design was prepared for M20 grade concrete according and curing of concrete specimens and concluded that the to the IS: 10262-2009, its proportion was water available from the local source was fit for usage. 0.48:1:1.53:2.88(W: C: FA: CA) by weight. For better workability of concrete, Table-1 Comparison of coarse aggregate properties Ceramic waste Natural % Variation Permissible S.no Property Aggregate aggregate With respect to limits (Insulator bush) (Granite) natural aggregate 1 Specific gravity 2.50 2.64 -5.6% 2.6-2.8 2 Water absorption in % 0.18 0.10 +40% <0.5 3 Impact value in % 22 18.6 +18.3% <30% 4 Crushing value in % 20 15.3 +30.7% <30% 5 Abrasion value in % 19 14.25 +33.33% <30% 6 Bulk Density in kg/m3 Loose state 1069 1219 -12.3% -- Dense state 1188 1425 -16.6% -- Fig-3 Manual crushing of CWA Fig-4 Required size of CWA graded aggregates were used in two fractions as 60% of 20 density. The properties of ceramic waste is well within the and 40% of 12.5 mm size of coarse aggregate in concrete range according to the IS recommendations and fig 3 composition. Natural coarse aggregate was replaced with representing the ceramic waste aggregate after manual crushed ceramic waste aggregate at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and crushing and required size of CWA shown in Fig-4 . Table 100% in the concrete composition. With reference from the 2, is representing the nomenclature, R stands for
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