Common Scorpions

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COMMON SCORPIONS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA VERY DANGEROUS DANGEROUS HARMLESS Has caused May be life threatening in Painful sting, but does human fatalities small children and animals not require antivenom VERY VERY VERY DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DANGEROUS Rough Thicktail Rough Thicktail Transvaal Thicktail Cape Thicktail (Parabuthus granulatus, light form) (Parabuthus granulatus, dark form) (Parabuthus transvaalicus) (Parabuthus capensis) DANGEROUS DANGEROUS HARMLESS HARMLESS Drab Thicktail Eastern Nomad Common Lesser-Thicktail Highveld Lesser-Thicktail (Parabuthus planicauda) (Hottentotta trilineatus) (Uroplectes carinatus) (Uroplectes triangulifer triangulifer) HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS Striped Lesser-Thicktail Bark Scorpion Plain Pygmy-Thicktail Rough Burrower (Uroplectes lineatus) (Uroplectes vittatus) (Pseudolychas ochraceus) (Opistophthalmus glabrifrons) HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS Cape Burrower Kalahari Burrower Karoo Burrower Giant Rock Scorpion (Opistophthalmus capensis) (Opistophthalmus wahlbergii) (Opistophthalmus karrooensis) (Hadogenes troglodytes, male) HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS Rock Scorpion Tree Creeper Drakensberg Creeper Jones’s Creeper (Hadogenes longimanus, female) (Opisthacanthus asper) (Opisthacanthus validus) (Cheloctonus jonesii) © Johan Marais African Snakebite Institute In the case of stings from harmless species, apply NOTE a topical anaesthetic cream to manage the pain. EMERGENCY PROTOCOL Stings from dangerous and very Johan Marais is the author of various books on reptiles, including the best seller A Complete ... apply a tourniquet. dangerous scorpions must be Guide to Snakes of Southern Africa. He is a popular speaker and offers a variety of courses including ... cut and suck the wound. treated as a medical emergency. ... use ice or very hot water. Snake Awareness, Scorpion Awareness, First Aid for Snakebite and Venomous Snake Handling. 1 Transport the victim to hospital without delay. ... give the victim alcohol. Johan is accredited by the International Society of Zoological Sciences (ISZS) and is a Field Guides ... apply electric shock. Association of Southern Africa (FGASA), NOSA and Travel Doctor - approved service provider. 2 Immobilize the affected limb to slow the spread of venom. ... inject antivenom randomly. 3 If the victim stops breathing, apply artificial respiration Antivenom (if required) must Johan Marais | African Snakebite Institute | +27 82 494 2039 or use a Bag Valve Mask. DO NOT be administered by a doctor in a hospital environment. [email protected] 4 Call the Poison Information Centre helpline for further Find out more at www.africansnakebiteinstitute.com advice: 0861 555 777..

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Arachnologische Mitteilungen
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arachnologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2012 Band/Volume: 43 Autor(en)/Author(s): Chiarle Alberto, Kovarik Frantisek, Levi Lisa, Gavetti Elena Artikel/Article: The scorpion collections (Arachnida, Scorpiones) held in the Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali of Turin (Italy) 17-23 2 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; Arachnologische Mitteilungen 43: 17-23 Nuremberg, July 2012 The scorpion collections (Arachnida, Scorpiones) held in the Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali of Turin (Italy) Alberto Chiarle, Frantisek Kovarik, Lisa Levi & Elena Gavetti doi;10.5431/aramit4307 Abstract: Data and considerations about the history and contents of the scorpion collection housed in the Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali of Turin (MRSN) are reported. Information on type material and important historical specimens are provided, as well as biographical notes about the major zoologists of the museum. Key words: Borelli, MZUT, MRSN, scorpiology,Turin collection history In 1978 the public administration of the Regione the museum collections were neglected. Specimens in Piemonte founded the ‘Museo Regionale di Scienze ethanol suffered and exchanges, loans and systematic Naturali’ (MRSN) in Turin. Since 1980, the zoologi- studies on specimens were interrupted. In 1968, under cal treasures kept by the Zoological Museum of the Professor Umberto Parenti’s guidance and thanks to Turin University (MZUT) have been entrusted to the the curators, the MZUT was reorganized. MRSN. The MZUT is one of the oldest and most Since 1980 a large number of transfers have taken important Italian university museums. It was founded place involving all the collections.
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Channel Toxin from Parabuthus Transvaalicus
Eur. J. Biochem. 269, 5369–5376 (2002) Ó FEBS 2002 doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03171.x A single charged surface residue modifies the activity of ikitoxin, a beta-type Na+ channel toxin from Parabuthus transvaalicus A. Bora Inceoglu1,*, Yuki Hayashida2, Jozsef Lango3, Andrew T. Ishida2 and Bruce D. Hammock1 1Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, 2Section of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, and 3Department of Chemistry and Superfund Analytical Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA, USA We previously purified and characterized a peptide toxin, from birtoxin by a single residue change from glycine to birtoxin, from the South African scorpion Parabuthus glutamic acid at position 23, consistent with the apparent transvaalicus. Birtoxin is a 58-residue, long chain neurotoxin mass difference of 72 Da. This single-residue difference that has a unique three disulfide-bridged structure. Here we renders ikitoxin much less effective in producing the same report the isolation and characterization of ikitoxin, a pep- behavioral effect as low concentrations of birtoxin. Elec- tide toxin with a single residue difference, and a markedly trophysiological measurements showed that birtoxin and reduced biological activity, from birtoxin. Bioassays on mice ikitoxin can be classified as beta group toxins for voltage- showed that high doses of ikitoxin induce unprovoked gated Na+ channels of central neurons. It is our conclusion jumps, whereas birtoxin induces jumps at a 1000-fold lower that the N-terminal loop preceding the a-helix in scorpion concentration. Both toxins are active against mice when toxins is one of the determinative domains in the interaction administered intracerebroventricularly.
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The South African Fattail Scorpion Revisited
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Scorpion Stings and Venoms
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Arachnides 88
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Identification of Insect-Selective and Mammal-Selective Toxins From
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Phylogeny of Parabuthus (Scorpiones, Buthidae)
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Arthropod Assassins: Crawling Biochemists with Diverse Toxin Pharmacopeias
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