Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
Incarnation- Revision Joseph because it was written for the Jewish community Jesus as God where a woman’s evidence had Doctrine of the Incarnation- little value. Whereas, Luke was God took on full human writing for non-Jewish readers limitations of being a human. where there was a greater The Annunciation- When the respect for women. angel appears to Mary she is Both accounts have the same told that she will carry the message; Mary was a virgin, ‘Saviour’, tells her she is God worked through human pregnant by the Holy Spirit. beings, Jesus was conceived by This is not just a message for the Holy Spirit, an angel her, but for all Jewish people; announced His birth. as God is fulfilling promises Links to Scripture and Teaching made to Abraham and his descendants. Matthew 1: 18-24 Grace- works through Mary to Questions: bring the Son of God into the world. 1. How did joseph receive the new of Mary’s pregnancy? Links to Scripture and Teaching 2. Why is the Virgin birth so Luke 1: 26-38 important to Catholics?
Questions: Jesus, the Word of God
1. What is grace? John’s gospel begins with an 2. What is the Incarnation explanation of Jesus as the 3. How do we know it was Mary’s Word of god made flesh. choice to become pregnancy? In the beginning was the Word- the Word (God) God’s Message to Joseph existed before all things; He Joseph is shown to be willing is eternal. to obey God’s plan. He is told The Word was God- it is to name the son of God God’s own self-expression. Emmanuel; ‘God saves’. The Word was with God- Comparing Luke and Matthew- while the word and God are Matthew’s account focuses on Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
one they are also two that Jesus was also because of distinct things. the events of his death and The Word became flesh- resurrection. God took on human nature Links to Scripture and Teaching and came to earth to live as a full human being. Mark 8: 31- Jesus explains to The word as an expression his disciples that the Son of of love- Jesus is God’s free Man must suffer and be killed. gift to the human race to Mark 14: 61-62- The help people learn how to Sanhedrin ask Jesus if he is respond fully to God’s love. the Son of God and he replies, ‘I am’. Links to Scripture and Teaching Youcat 77- Through Jesus, Youcat 10- In Jesus Christ, God became one of us. God himself came to earth. Gaudium et Spes 22- Jesus John 1: 1-4 worked with human hands, thought with a human mind Questions: etc. 1. Why do you think John decided Questions: to start his gospel in this way? 1. Who are the evangelists? Jesus as Fully Human and Fully God 2. Why did Jesus use these Throughout the gospels the different titles at different evangelists show Jesus’ human times? experiences. 3. Give examples of where Jesus Son of Man- Jesus often uses shows himself to be divine and this title. This often human. emphasises the suffering he Christian Symbols would go through as someone who was fully human. Symbols are useful in religion Son of God- This is a title more to present truths that commonly used by others but are difficult to explain. Jesus also acknowledges Ichthus- Ichthus himself as the Son of God. This means ‘fish’. Each letter emphasises his divinity. God is represents one word of eternal; and we have evidence a Greek saying about Jesus; Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
Jesus Christ, God, Son, 2. Why did the Early Christians Saviour. It was used among have to use the Ichthus? early Christians. Incarnation and Art Alpha and Omega- Reasons against the use of art- Alpha is the first o God is infinite and the use letter of the Greek of art limits Him. alphabet and Omega the last. o Jews and some Christians nd It shows the God and Jesus are believe that the 2 involved in everything from commandment forbids beginning to end. It is used in people to make any form many ways but most commonly of artistic representation on the Paschal Candle that is lit of God; ‘Do not worship at the Easter Vigil. false idols.’ Chi-Rho- These are o By praying in front of a the first two letters picture or statue they are for the word ‘Christ’. praying to an imitation of It vaguely forms the God rather than God shape of a cross and is a Himself. reminder of Jesus’ death and o They might give people resurrection (the final proof the wrong ideas about that He was the Messiah). God by mistaking the image for the real thing. Links to Scripture and Teaching Influence of the Incarnation- Revelation 21:6- “Then he said o God has taken on to me, ‘It is done! I am Alpha limitations of the human and Omega, the beginning and form and so it is the end.’ appropriate to show God as human. Questions: o While we do not know 1. Which symbol do you think best exactly what Jesus looked represents Christian beliefs like the many about the Incarnation? Justify representations of Him your answer. shows his qualities. Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
o God came to outstretched arms. No one is earth for all excluded from God’s arms. people; it is Sacred Heart- the holes in his reasonable to hand show where he was nailed show him as any ethnicity. to the cross. One hand points o Art can show people inward to emphasise his heart, spiritual ideas of God’s which is pierced to symbolise work. It can help focus the events of His death and prayer and inspire people. the flames around the heart show His burning love for all.
There is a crown of thorns to Links to Scripture and Teaching remind us of his death. o CCC 2132- Whoever Crucifix- This worships and image, worships is a reminder of the person depicted in it. Jesus’ pain and o Sacrosanctum Concilium 122- suffering. His Artwork can help turn death freed all people’s minds directly to people from sin, God, so it reminds us of the love God poured out in Jesus. There are Questions: many varieties of crucifix that 1. Do you agree that God can be emphasise different things. depicted in artwork? Justify Some emphasise his dead body, you answer. while others have him wrapped Statues of Jesus in kingly robes showing the eternal victory he gained in his Christ the death. Redeemer- This statue sits Links to Scripture and Teaching overlooking the Colossians 1:15- Jesus is the city of Rio de Janerio and was image of the invisible God. paid for by the Catholic Questions population; it reminds people of the continuing love of God; this 1. Which statue do you think is shown by Jesus’ would best aid prayer? Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
2. Why might some object to the b. Parable of the Sheep and use statues? the Goats- Matthew 25: 31-46 Moral Teachings of Jesus St. Irenaeus Beatitudes- Jesus is shown to be the new lawgiver; The incarnation does not just building on and perfecting show God’s love but it also the teachings Moses had shows the importance of the already provided. He moves human race. from focusing on God’s will The son was with the Father to attitudes we should from the beginning. develop towards others. The Son, as the word, spoke Parable of the Sheep and through the OT prophets. the Goats- Tells people that It is through Jesus that we are we must care for those in able to receive God’s grace. need. Anyone that ignores Jesus gives insight into what the needs of others is not a God the Father is like. The true follower of Jesus. They qualities we value in Jesus are will be rewarded or punished also values in God. in the next life based on how These qualities can be found in they have acted. most people but Jesus shows them in their purest form. Links to Scripture and Teaching Jesus is the perfect human Youcat 284- Those who want to being; he sets an example that be part of the Kingdom of God we should all follow. must look to the Beatitudes. Links to Scripture and Teaching Questions: John 1:1-3 1. What laws did Moses give? John 14: 9- ‘Whoever has seen 2. Why do they consider Jesus to me has seen the father’. have perfected these laws? Colossians 1: 15- He is the 3. Look up and summarise the two image of the invisible God. stories Questions: a. Beatitudes- Matthew 5:1- 12 1. Why is tradition important to Catholics? Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
2. What is the relationship between the Father and the Son? (link to Triune God)
Different Understandings of the Incarnation
Fully God and Fully Human- to focus too much on Jesus being God or human is a heresy. Although the idea that he is fully God and human is difficult to understand. Each sacrament is a moment of Dei Verbum 4 – God is revealed grace and allows them to in Jesus; his death defeats sin become more aware of what and brings salvation to all. God wants from them. Jesus is also a man sent to be Although Jesus is gone, the among his people. Holy Spirit continues to work in Verbum Domini 12- God the hearts and minds of all deliberately limited himself so believers. humans could make sense of His A sacrament is an outward sign love. “The eternal word became of inward grace. Just as Jesus small- small enough to fit in a is the sacrament (sign) of God’s manger”. Jesus would always do presence on earth, the whole of God’s will no matter what it reality can be seen as a cost him. sacrament of God’s love. Grace and the Sacraments Because Jesus was in creation was in God’s creation he made The incarnation is the ultimate it holy. sign of God’s grace. He gave his Each sacrament helps to build son as a sign of his eternal up the holiness of an individual; acceptance of humanity. helping them to become a stronger witness to the love and presence of God.
Links to Scripture and Teaching Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
Youcat 340- Grace is given to Gaudium et Spes 51- From the each person but we must moment of conception life choose to use it- God does not should be guarded; abortion is force us to. an unspeakable crime. Evangelium Vitae 39- Life Questions: comes from God and so, man 1. What is grace? cannot do what he wants with 2. Research each sacrament and this life. summarise how it strengthens a Mother Teresa- Considers person’s relationship with God. abortion to be a war against E.g. In Baptism a person the child. It is the killing of an becomes a child of God. innocent child and considers it Imago Dei and Abortion to murder.
In Genesis it states that we Questions: are all made in God’s image. 1. What is abortion? Annunciation- When Elizabeth 2. What is the U.K. law on heard Mary’s arrival the child abortion? in her womb leapt. This is clear 3. Do you agree with the Catholic proof that life begins at approach to abortion? Justify conception. this answer. Abortion- because they believe
that life begins at conception they are against abortion. Even Exam Practice those with disabilities are 1. Give two teachings from the loved by God and made in His Bible that show that God is in image. the incarnate son. (2) SPUC- the Society for the 2. Give two Catholic teachings Protection of Unborn Children that show their approach to is a pro-life organisation that abortion. (2) campaigns to ban abortion or 3. Give two of Irenaeus’ teachings reduce the time it can take that show understanding of the place. incarnation. (2) Links to Scripture and Teaching 4. Explain two of Jesus’ moral teachings. (2) Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
5. Give two ways in which the 13. Christians should not belief that humans are imago depict Jesus in art forms.’ dei influences catholic Evaluate this statement. (12) understandings about abortion. 14. ‘Matthew’s account of the (4) virgin birth is easier to 6. Give two examples of how understand than Luke’s story symbols can represent Catholic of the annunciation.’ Evaluate beliefs about the incarnation. this statement. (12) (4) 15. ‘It is impossible for 7. Explain two ways Irenaeus Jesus’ followers to live by the influences beliefs about the Beatitudes today.’ Evaluate this Incarnation. (4) statement. (12) 8. Explain two ways that the Bible Create your own exam questions… influences the belief that Jesus is both fully God and How does X influence Y? (4) fully human. (4) Explain 2 ways in which…. Might 9. Explain two ways in which influence…(4) Jesus is the fulfilment of the Explain how …… expresses law. Refer to Christian teaching beliefs about…… (5) in your answer. (5) 10. Explain two ways the
Jesus is shown as God the gospels. Refer to Catholic teaching in your answer. (5) 11. Explain how the documents put
forward by the Magisterium expresses the belief that Jesus was fully God and fully human. (5) 12. ‘It is impossible for Christians to follow Jesus’ example and moral teachings.’ Evaluate this statement. (12)
Ms Caden St Michael’s Catholic College R.E. Department
Exam Skills
OR
Intro: In this essay I am going to agree/disagree with the statement…
ACR 1
The first argument to support my thesis is…
Others would argue against this by saying…
I don’t accept this counter-argument because…
ACR 2
Furthermore, I would argue that…
Again, others would disagree because…
However, their arguments are not good arguments because…
Conclusion: Overall, I think that…