World Bank-financed Project Public Disclosure Authorized

World Bank-financed - Intercity Railway Project Social Assessment Report

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Chuzhou Project Management Office (PMO)

April 30 Contents 1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 SA tasks ...... 1 1.3 SA methods ...... 2 1.3.1 Organizational interview and literature collection ...... 2 1.3.2 FGD ...... 2 1.3.3 Key informant interview ...... 3 1.3.4 Questionnaire survey ...... 4 1.3.5 Field investigation ...... 5 1.4 Key concerns of SA ...... 6 2 Project Overview ...... 7 2.1 Definition of project area ...... 7 2.2 Local socioeconomic profile ...... 7 2.2.1 Geographic location ...... 7 2.2.2 Economic status ...... 8 2.2.3 Population ...... 8 2.2.4 Minority population ...... 9 2.2.5 Baseline socioeconomic data ...... 10 2.2.6 Local organizations and IAs ...... 11 2.2.7 List of social sensitive sites ...... 11 3 Public Participation Process ...... 13 3.1 Stakeholder identification ...... 13 3.2 Public Participation Process ...... 15 3.3 Stakeholder demand analysis ...... 17 4 Social Impact Analysis...... 20 4.1 Positive impacts ...... 20 4.2 Negative impacts ...... 22 4.3 Labor and working conditions ...... 24 4.3.1 Comparative analysis of labor and working conditions ...... 24 4.3.2 Improvement measures and suggestions ...... 25 5 Poverty Analysis ...... 30 5.1 Current situation of poverty ...... 30 5.2 Causes of poverty ...... 31 5.3 Local poverty reduction measures ...... 31 5.4 Needs of the poor for the Project ...... 32 5.5 Impacts of the Project on the poor ...... 32 6 Social Gender Analysis ...... 34 6.1 Local female population ...... 34 6.2 Current situation of local women ...... 34 6.2.1 Age composition ...... 34 6.2.2 Educational level ...... 34 6.2.3 Occupation composition ...... 35 6.2.4 Social status ...... 35 6.3 Women’s needs and expectations ...... 36

II 6.3.1 Relationship between women and traffic ...... 36 6.3.2 Women support the Project more strongly and are more confident in the Project...... 37 6.3.3 Women expect more employment and income increasing opportunities from the Project...... 37 6.3.4 Women have a strong demand for public participation...... 38 6.4 Project impacts on women ...... 38 6.4.1 Positive impacts ...... 38 6.4.2 Negative impacts ...... 39 7. Social Action Plan and Implementation ...... 40 7.1 Organizational setup and responsibilities for social management ...... 40 7.2 Social Action Plan ...... 41 7.3 Public participation plan ...... 45 8. Grievance Redress and M&E ...... 48 8.1 Grievance redress ...... 48 8.2 M&E ...... 48 Appendix 1: Summary of FGDs with Residents ...... 49 Appendix 2: Summary of Interviewees ...... 50

List of Tables Table 1-1 Summary of stations ...... 1 Table 1-2 Summary of organizational interviews ...... 2 Table 1-3Summary of FGDs and participants ...... 3 Table 1-4 Summary of key informant interviews ...... 4 Table 1-5 Distribution of questionnaire survey samples ...... 5 Table 1-6 Basic information of valid samples ...... 5 Table 1-7 Information of field investigation ...... 6 Table 2-1 Key social and economic development indicators of project districts / counties (2017) ... 8 Table 2-2 Summary of population of project districts / counties (0,000) ...... 9 Table 2-3 Summary of affected minority population ...... 10 Table 2-4 Baseline socioeconomic data of the project area ...... 10 Table 2-5 Local organizations and IAs ...... 11 Table 2-6 List of social sensitive sites ...... 12 Table 3-1 Summary of beneficiary population ...... 13 Table 3-2Summary of public participation activities ...... 17 Table 3-3 Willingness of women to participate in the Project after completion ...... 18 Table 3-4 Support of local residents for the Project...... 19 Table 4-1 Perceived positive impacts of the Project ...... 20 Table 4-2 Traffic modes, costs and times of residents in Nanqiao going to Nanjing ...... 20 Table 4-3 Traffic modes, costs and times of residents in Lai’an County going to Nanjing ...... 20 Table 4-4 Impacts of permanent LA and temporary land occupation ...... 22 Table 4-5 Summary of HD impacts ...... 23 Table 4-6 Perceived negative impacts of the Project ...... 24 Table 4-7 Expected labor input and types of work in project construction...... 24 Table 4-8 Comparative analysis of labor and working conditions with the regulations of CIRC ... 26 Table 5-1 Distribution of local poor population ...... 30

III Table 5-2 Local MLS population ...... 31 Table 6-1 Local female population ...... 34 Table 6-2 Educational levels of samples by gender ...... 35 Table 6-3 Occupations of samples by gender ...... 35 Table 6-4 Traffic modes of samples by gender ...... 36 Table 7-1 Social Action Plan and Gender Action Plan ...... 44 Table 7-2 Public participation plan of the Project...... 46

List of Figures Figure 1-1 FGDs ...... 3 Figure 1-2 Key informant interviews...... 4 Figure 1-3 Questionnaire survey ...... 5 Figure 1-4 Field investigation ...... 6 Figure 2-1 Route map of the Project ...... 7 Figure 3-1 Project information disclosure ...... 15 Figure 3-2 Field investigation ...... 15 Figure 3-3 FGDs ...... 16 Figure 3-4 Key informant interview ...... 16 Figure 3-5 Questionnaire survey ...... 16 Figure 6-1 Age and gender distribution of samples ...... 34 Figure 6-2 Importance of the Project for the family by gender ...... 35 Figure 6-3 Overall evaluation of traffic problems among women...... 37 Figure 6-4 Support for the Project ...... 37 Figure 6-5 Have you attended traffic safety training? ...... 38 Figure 7-1 Organizational chart for the Social Action Plan ...... 41

IV

Abbreviations

CIRC - Chuzhou Intercity Railway Co. ESS - Environmental and Social Standard HD - House Demolition LA - Land Acquisition FGD - Focus Group Discussion M&E - Monitoring and Evaluation MLS - Minimum Living Security PMO - Project Management Office RAP - Resettlement Action Plan PRC - People’s Republic of SCMIP - Suzhou-Chuzhou Modern Industrial Park

Units

Currency unit = Yuan (RMB) US$1.00 = RMB6.33 1 hectare = 15 mu

V 1 Introduction 1.1 Background Chuzhou is a core city in the - regional development zones and a crucial city for the eastward development of Anhui Province and connection to the Yangtze River Delta. Accelerating intercity rail traffic construction in the Wanjiang urban belt is a prerequisite to the economic development of Anhui Province and Chuzhou City, and the construction of the integrated transport system of the Yangtze River Delta. Chuzhou and Nanjing Cities are connected by highways, expressways and the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, but the intercity traffic demand cannot be met, so an intercity railway should be constructed. In September 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the Construction Plan for Intercity Railways in the Wanjiang Region (2015-2020), proposing to construct the Chuzhou-Nanjing segment of the --Chuzhou-Nanjing Intercity Railway by 2020. The Project is located in eastern Anhui Province and western Jiangsu Province, running from the urban area of Chuzhou City, Suzhou-Chuzhou Modern Industrial Park (SCMIP), Lai’an County in Chuzhou City, and in Nanjing City to planned Nanjing North Station (see Table 1-1). The Project is connected to the high-speed railways and rail traffic network of both cities. Chuzhou High-speed Railway Station is connected to planned Subway Lines 2 and 4 of Chuzhou, Demonstration Park Station to Subway Line 3, and Nanjing North Station to planned Subway Line S11 of Nanjing, with a full length of 54.3km, 16 stations (3 underground and 13 elevated) and an average station interval of 3.62km. It is divided by the Chuhe River into the Chuzhou and Nanjing segments.

Table 1-1 Summary of stations No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Station Chuzhou Chuyang Technical Longpan Municipal Fengyang Youyi SCMIP High-speed Road South College Avenue Governme North Road Road Station Railway Station Station Station nt Station Station Station Station (reserved) (reserved) No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Station Demonstrati Lai’an South Xiangguan Xiangguan Chahe Chahe Beidou Nanjing on Park Station North Town New Town Town Industry North Station (reserved) Station Station Station Station Park Station (reserved) Station

The Project will: 1) relieve the transportation pressure of this area, meet the rapid passenger transport demand among riverside towns, and promote local urbanization, and balanced and sustainable economic and social development; 2) enhance Nanjing’s attraction to nearby cities out of the province, and provide important transport infrastructure to this area; 3) strengthen connections between the Wanjiang urban belt and the Yangtze River Delta, and improve the integrated transport network of the project area; and 4) build a vigorous integrated area. In sum, the Project is an important intercity passenger transport line in the Nanjing metropolitan region, and also important transport infrastructure for Chuzhou City.

1.2 SA tasks This SA aims to learn different stakeholders’ expectations and needs, and identify the Project’s positive and negative impacts through fieldwork, thereby helping the owner take a series of measures to ensure the extensive and fair participation of stakeholders, and maximize the Project’s

1 benefits. Therefore, the main objectives of this SA are: 1) Identifying primary stakeholders, and learning their interests and needs through extensive participation; 2) Learning the Project’s potential social impacts, including positive and negative impacts, and potential social risks; 3) Learning attitudes of women, poor population, etc. to the Project, and identifying the Project’s impacts on them; 4) Strengthening public participation, giving advice on optimizing the project design, and establishing information disclosure and grievance redress mechanisms; 5) Developing social and gender action plans to evade project risks and realize the project objectives. In addition, project awareness among the public will be increased and public participation promoted through project information communication, experience sharing, etc. during public consultation.

1.3 SA methods The task force conducted fieldwork in the 5 project districts / counties with the support of the Chuzhou and district / county PMOs during March 4-24, 2017. 1.3.1 Organizational interview and literature collection 75 organizational interviews were conducted with the local PMOs, statistics bureaus, land and resources bureaus, labor and social security bureaus, housing administration bureaus, HD management offices, poverty reduction offices, women’s federations, civil affairs bureaus, transport bureaus, etc., and relevant basic data and literatures collected. See Table 1-2.

Table 1-2 Summary of organizational interviews Area Interviews Details of organizations PMO, statistics bureau, land and resources bureau, labor and social Nanqiao security bureau, housing administration bureau, HD management office, 15 District poverty reduction office, women’s federation, civil affairs bureau, environmental protection bureau, transport bureau PMO, statistics bureau, land and resources bureau, labor and social Langya security bureau, housing administration bureau, HD management office, 15 District poverty reduction office, women’s federation, civil affairs bureau, environmental protection bureau, transport bureau PMO, statistics bureau, land and resources bureau, labor and social Lai’an security bureau, housing administration bureau, HD management office, 15 County poverty reduction office, women’s federation, civil affairs bureau, environmental protection bureau, transport bureau PMO, statistics bureau, land and resources bureau, labor and social Quanjiao security bureau, housing administration bureau, HD management office, 15 County poverty reduction office, women’s federation, civil affairs bureau, environmental protection bureau, transport bureau PMO, statistics bureau, land and resources bureau, labor and social Pukou security bureau, housing administration bureau, HD management office, 15 District poverty reduction office, women’s federation, civil affairs bureau, environmental protection bureau, transport bureau Total 75 ------

1.3.2 FGD FGDs were held to learn local residents’ needs for the Project, the Project’s impacts on them,

2 and their comments and suggestions, including women, the poor, vulnerable groups, local residents, students, village heads, etc.

Figure 1-1 FGDs (upper left: Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College, upper right: Xiangguan Village, lower left: Meipu Community, lower right: Lai’an County No.2 People’s Hospital)

11 FGDs were held in the project area, with 323 participants in total, including 103 women, accounting for 31.8%; 53 old people, accounting for 16.4%; 42 vulnerable people, accounting for 13.1%; and 106 village committee and villager representatives, accounting for 32.82%. See Table 1-3.

Table 1-3Summary of FGDs and participants Participants Total Village committee Vulnerable District / county Women Old people and villager Partici people FGDs representatives pants / FGDs / FGDs / FGDs / FGDs 14 2 12 2 9 2 17 2 52 2 Langya District 61 5 22 5 21 5 68 5 172 5 Lai’an County 15 2 10 2 7 2 21 2 53 2 Pukou District 13 2 9 2 5 2 18 2 45 2 Total 103 11 53 11 42 11 124 11 323 11

1.3.3 Key informant interview Key informant interviews were conducted at the county (district), township (sub-district) and village (community) levels to provide inputs into project design and implementation.

3

Figure 1-2 Key informant interviews

90 key informants were interviewed in total, including 19 in Nanqiao District, 20 in Langya District, 18 in Lai’an County, 15 in and 18 in Pukou District. See Table 1-4.

Table 1-4 Summary of key informant interviews District / county Organization heads Village officials Total Nanqiao District 11 8 19 Langya District 10 10 20 Lai’an County 9 9 18 Quanjiao County 8 7 15 Pukou District 10 8 18 Total 48 42 90

1.3.4 Questionnaire survey The task force conducted a questionnaire survey by probability proportionate to size sampling, with 384 samples at a confidence level of 95% and a maximum absolute error (d) of 5%. 400 copies were completed and 400 valid copies recovered, accounting for 100%.

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Figure 1-3 Questionnaire survey

See Table 1-5 for the distribution of the samples of the questionnaire survey.

Table 1-5 Distribution of questionnaire survey samples District / county Number of copies Percent (%) Nanqiao District 83 20.75% Langya District 162 40.5% Lai’an County 155 38.75% Total 400 100%

The questionnaire database was established and analyzed using the IBM SPSS software. See Table 1-6.

Table 1-6 Basic information of valid samples Indicator Values Gender Male, 55.75%; female, 44.25% 18-24 years, 26.75%; 25-34 years, 16.5%; 35-44 years, 16.25%; 45-54 Age years, 17.5%; 55-64 years, 12.5%; 65 years or above 10.5% Urban/rural Rural, 78.1%; urban 20.9% Educational Illiterate, 9%; primary school, 22.5%; junior high school, 27.5%; senior high level school / secondary technical school, 24%; junior college or above, 17% Civil servant, 1.3%; worker of public institution, 22%; worker of enterprise, Occupation 12.8%; self-employer, 3.0%; freelancer, 5.8%; unemployed, 1.3%; student, 21.5%; retiree, 3.3%; farmer, 28%; other, 1.3%

1.3.5 Field investigation The task force conducted a field investigation on the project area for a more practical and objective understanding. See Table 1-7.

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Figure 1-4 Field investigation (left: Lai’an County; right: Langya District)

Table 1-7 Information of field investigation City County / district Townships Villages / groups Yaopu Town, Longpan Meipu Community, Yaopu Nanqiao District Sub-district Community Dawang Community, SCMIP, Chuzhou Vocational and Technical Langya District Dawang Sub-district College, Dawang Junior High Chuzhou School, Langya Road Primary School SCMIP Branch Xiangguan Village, Lai’an County Lai’an County Chahe Town, Shuikou Town No.2 People’s Hospital Quanjiao County Shizi Town Shizi Town Station Pancheng Sub-district, Taishan Banqiao Community, Shuangcheng Nanjing Pukou District Sub-district, Yongning Town Village, Beicheng Village

1.4 Key tasks of SA This SA has the following key tasks: 1) Identifying primary stakeholders, and learning their attitudes to and needs for the Project; 2) Identifying the Project’s potential social impacts, such as fare affordability, key sensitive points, key concerns, potential project impacts caused by land acquisition, willingness for participation, minority identification, impacts of non-local laborers, evaluation of the CIRC employment system, potential sexual harassment; 3) Analyzing the Project’s impacts on poor population, especially their needs for project construction, operation and maintenance, fare affordability, and willingness and ability to participate in the Project; 4) Analyzing the Project’s impacts on women and their needs for the Project; 5) Learning information disclosure and public participation, including the APs’ awareness of, support for and participation in the Project; 6) Including social factors in the project design, and proposing measures to evade or reduce negative impacts; and 7) Developing a social management action, so that urban and rural residents are aware of and participate in the Project as much as possible.

6 2 Project Overview 2.1 Definition of project area Urban agglomeration along the Project: Chuzhou City, including the urban area, Quanjiao County, Lai’an County, Nanqiao District and Chahe New Town, and Nanjing City The Project begins with Chuzhou High-speed Rail Station, and ends at planned Nanjing North Station, with a full length of 54.3km and 16 stations. The Chuzhou segment has a full length of 46.050km, in which the underground line is 5.686km long, the elevated line 40.1km long and the roadbed segment 0.264km long, with 14 stations, including two underground stations. Areas along the Project: Chuzhou High-speed Railway Station area, Chuzhou Science and Education Park, Chuzhou South New District, SCMIP, Demonstration Park, Shuikou and Chahe Towns in Lai’an County, Beidou Industry Park in Nanjing and Nanjing North Station area. See Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1 Route map of the Project

The Project connects the center of Chuzhou South New District, SCMIP, Demonstration Park, Shuikou Town, Chahe Town, and Jiangbei New District in Nanjing, being an important intercity passenger transport line in the Nanjing metropolitan region, and also important transport infrastructure for Chuzhou City. It will further strengthen connections between Chuzhou and Nanjing, and promote Chuzhou’s development.

2.2 Local socioeconomic profile 2.2.1 Geographic location Chuzhou City is a prefecture-level city in Anhui Province, a member of the Nanjing and metropolitan regions, and the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, and a central city in eastern Anhui, located north of the lower Yangtze River and in the west part of the Yangtze River Delta, governing two districts, 4 counties and two county-level cities, with a land area of 13,398 km2 and a resident population of 4.03 million.

7 Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu province, the core city of the Nanjing metropolitan region, an important portal city of the Yangtze River Delta, and a nodal city between the eastern China coastal and Yangtze River economic belts. The city governs 11 districts, with a land area of 6,587 km2, a built-up area of 1,398.69 km2, a resident population of 8.335 million, an urban population of 6.8589 million, and an urbanization rate of 82.3%. The Project is located in eastern Anhui Province and western Jiangsu Province, running from the urban area of Chuzhou City, SCMIP, Lai’an County in Chuzhou City, and Pukou District in Nanjing City to planned Nanjing North Station. It runs through Nanqiao District, Langya District, Lai’an County and Quanjiao County. Nanqiao District is the seat of the Chuzhou Municipal Government, located in southeastern Chuzhou, bordered by SCMIP on the east, being one of the two urban districts of Chuzhou City. Langya District located in southeastern Chuzhou, about 100km away from Hefei, with a land area of 180.79 km2 and a population of 310,000. Lai’an County governs 12 townships, two province-level economic development zones, two national 4A scenic zones, and a national wetland park, with a land area of 1,481 km2 and a population of 490,900, bordered by Jiangbei New District in Nanjing, and close to Linchang Station of Line 3. Quanjiao County has a land area of 1,568 km2 and a population of 399,900, governing 10 towns. Pukou District is located in northwestern Nanjing, with a land area of 913.75 km2, bordered by Chuzhou City on the northwest, governing 9 sub-districts, two farms and 3 province-level development zones. 2.2.2 Economic status Among the 5 project districts / counties, Pukou District has the highest GDP of 31.758 billion yuan, while Langya District has the lowest GDP of 9.73 billion yuan; Pukou District has the highest fiscal revenue of 5.471 billion yuan, while Langya District has the lowest fiscal revenue of 1.56 billion yuan. Among the 4 project districts / counties of Chuzhou City, only the per capita annual income of urban residents of Quanjiao County (26,395 yuan) is lower than the average of Chuzhou (28,612 yuan), and the per capita disposable income of rural residents of Lai’an County (11,804 yuan) is lower than the average of Chuzhou (11,947 yuan). See Table 2-1.

Table 2-1 Key social and economic development indicators of project districts / counties (2017) Land Disposable Disposable GDP Fiscal Percent of fiscal Division area income of urban income of rural (00m revenue revenue to (km2) residents (yuan) residents (yuan) yuan) (00m yuan) provincial total (%) Nanqiao District 1177.7 32270 12392 95.9 20.3 7.1% Langya District 227.8 37226 12793 97.3 15.6 5.4% Lai’an County 1498.6 29088 11804 159.2 24.8 8.6% Quanjiao County 1568.4 26395 12199 144 24.5 8.5% Chuzhou City 13516 28612 11947 1607.7 289.3 ---- Pukou District 913.75 50505 23512 317.58 54.71 4.3% Nanjing City 6578 54538 23133 11715.1 1271.91 --- Source: statistical yearbooks or statistical bulletins on national economic and social development

2.2.3 Population At the end of 2017, Chuzhou City had 1.431 million registered households with 4.542 million

8 persons, including 2.358 million males, accounting for 51.9%; 2.185 million females, accounting for 48.1% (male to female ratio 107.9:100), an agricultural population of 3.155 million, accounting for 69.5%; a nonagricultural population of 1.387 million, accounting for 30.5%, and a population density of 336 persons/km2. At the end of 2017, Nanqiao District had 100,000 registered households with 275,000 persons, including 139,000 males, accounting for 50.5%; 135,000 females, accounting for 49.5% (male to female ratio 102:100), an agricultural population of 183,000, accounting for 66.5%; a nonagricultural population of 92,000, accounting for 33.5%, and a population density of 233 persons/km2. Langya District had 106,000 registered households with 283,000 persons, including 141,000 males, accounting for 49.8%; 142,000 females, accounting for 50.2% (male to female ratio 99:100), an agricultural population of 12,000, accounting for 4.2%; a nonagricultural population of 271,000, accounting for 95.8%, and a population density of 1,242 persons/km2. Lai’an County had 172,000 registered households with 491,000 persons, including 251,000 males, accounting for 51.1%; 240,000 females, accounting for 48.9% (male to female ratio 104:100), an agricultural population of 368,000, accounting for 74.9%; a nonagricultural population of 123,000, accounting for 25.1%, and a population density of 327 persons/km2. Quanjiao County had 161,000 registered households with 457,000 persons, including 236,000 males, accounting for 51.6%; 221,000 females, accounting for 48.4% (male to female ratio 107:100), an agricultural population of 321,000, accounting for 70.2%; a nonagricultural population of 136,000, accounting for 29.8%, and a population density of 291 persons/km2. Nanjing City had 3.092 million registered households with 8.335 million persons, including 4.294 million males, accounting for 51.6%; 4.041 million females, accounting for 48.4% (male to female ratio 106:100), an agricultural population of 1.4761 million, accounting for 17.8%, a nonagricultural population of 6.8589 million, accounting for 82.2%, and a population density of 1,267 persons/km2. Pukou District had 121,000 registered households with 332,000 persons, including 171,000 males, accounting for 51.6%; 161,000 females, accounting for 48.4% (male to female ratio 106:100), an agricultural population of 59,000, accounting for 17.8%; a nonagricultural population of 273,000, accounting for 82.2%, and a population density of 363 persons/km2. See Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Summary of population of project districts / counties (0,000) Chuzhou Nanqiao Langya Lai’an Quanjiao Pukou Nanjing Indicator City District District County County District City Year-end households (0,000) 143.1 10 10.6 17.2 16.1 12.1 309.2 Year-end population (0,000) 454.2 27.5 28.3 49.1 45.7 33.2 833.5 Male population (0,000) 235.8 13.9 14.1 25.1 23.6 17.1 429.4 Female population (0,000) 218.5 13.5 14.2 24 22.1 16.1 404.1 Population density (persons/km2) 366 233 1242 327 291 363 1267 Agricultural population (0,000) 315.5 18.3 1.2 36.8 32.1 5.9 147.61 Nonagricultural population (0,000) 138.7 9.2 27.2 12.3 13.6 27.3 685.89

2.2.4 Minority population Chuzhou is a city in which minority residents are scattered, and Han people are dominant. There are 46 ethnic minorities with a total population of nearly 60,000, accounting for 1% of the city’s population. Hui people account for 86.5% of the city’s minority population. Among the districts / counties of the city, has the largest minority population of 21,568, accounting for 44% of the city’s minority population. Laohuqiao Community, Jiangpu Sub-district, Pukou District is

9 a minority community with a minority population of 477 (including Hui, Tujia, Yi and Buyi people), while its gross population is 2,021. In March 2019, the task force conducted a special survey on ethnic minorities in the project area. 1) Organizational interview and baseline survey: Chuzhou is a city in which minority residents are scattered, and Han people are dominant. Minority residents have moved here due to marriage, job transfer, business, etc. There is no ethnic minority defined by the Bank in the project area. 2) FGD: On March 8, 2019, an FGD with minority residents was held in Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County, including two Tujia residents (one male and one female, doing business here), and a Hui resident (female, married to a local). All of them are aware of and support the Project, and wish to participate in project construction. As far as they knew, there were few minority residents in the village, as disclosed by the village head. 3) Literature review: Statistics, reports, annals, etc. reflecting local population, ethnic groups, culture, customs, etc. were collected to learn the local minority profile and differences from Han people. 4) Free, prior and informed consultation: Once any ethnic minority defined by the Bank is identified in the project: ➢ All project information will be provided in a manner suited to the traditional culture and customs of minority residents, and their needs analyzed and respected through adequate communication and consultation; ➢ An ethnic minority development plan will be prepared to realize the project objectives; ➢ Measures will be taken to minimize the Project’s potential negative impacts on minority residents, and enhance their opportunities to benefit from the Project in a manner accepted by them; ➢ Public participation activities will be conducted, including questionnaire survey, FGD, key informant interview, in-depth interview, stakeholder discussion, etc. According to the survey: 1) The 5 project districts / counties do not have any ethnic minority presence, so World Bank OP4.10 is not triggered. 2) Minority residents are scattered, and there is no fixed minority settlement or ancestral estate in the project area. Therefore, no ethnic minority development plan will be developed for the Project.

Table 2-3 Summary of affected minority population Minority Gross population District / county Hui Mongolian Tujia Zhuang Other Percent population (0,000) Nanqiao District 4 27.5 1 0 1 2 0 0.2% Langya District 2 28.3 0 1 0 1 0 0.21% Lai’an County 6 49.1 3 1 2 0 0 0.5% Quanjiao County 0 45.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pukou District 0 33.2 0 0 0 0 0 0

2.2.5 Baseline socioeconomic data

Table 2-4 Baseline socioeconomic data of the project area Nanqiao Langya Lai’an Quanjiao Pukou No. Indicator Total District District County County District

10 1 Gross population (0,000) 27.5 28.3 49.1 45.7 33.2 183.8 2 Female population (0,000) 13.5 14.2 24 22.1 16.1 89.9 3 Direct beneficiary population 27.5 28.3 49.1 45.1 16.1 166.1 4 Female beneficiary population 13.5 14.2 23.9 22.1 8.2 81.9 5 Poor population 0 0 1985 1815 3800 6 Expected poor population to be reduced (0,000) 0 0 185 179 364 7 Per capita disposable income (yuan) 12392 12793 11804 12199 39898 \ 8 Number of jobs generated 61 58 67 56 63 305 9 Number of jobs for women generated 23 26 31 29 34 143

Economy GDP (00m yuan) 95.9 97.3 159.2 144 317.58 813.98 Agriculture (0,000 yuan) 15.7 4 21.9 25.1 40.2 106.9 Industry (0,000 yuan) 51.6 38.2 79.7 61.2 78.42 309.12

Services (0,000 yuan) 28.6 55.1 57.6 71.4 198.96 411.66 Coal (0,000 tons) \ \ 39.17 \ \ \ Petroleum (0,000 liters) \ \ \ \ \ \

Energy Natural gas (00m m3) \ \ 320.6 \ \ \ Nuclear energy (Mew) \ \ \ \ \ \

Generated electricity (00m kWh) 13.3 14.1 14.6 12.9 \ \ Renewable energy (wind, solar, biomass, etc.) \ \ \ \ \ \ (00m kWh) Source: feasibility study reports, and basic data provided by local governments

2.2.6 Local organizations and IAs The Chuzhou PMO has been established at the city level. Chuzhou Intercity Railway Co. (CIRC) has been established to take charge of the leadership, implementation and supervision of the Project, and contact with the Bank. Project leading groups have been established at the district / county level to promote the successful implementation of the Project under the unified coordination and direction of the Chuzhou and Nanjing PMOs. See Table 2-5.

Table 2-5 Local organizations and IAs Municipal PMO IA District / county leading group IA Nanqiao District Project Leading Group Nanqiao District PMO Langya District Project Leading Group Langya District PMO Chuzhou PMO CIRC Lai’an County Project Leading Group Lai’an County PMO Quanjiao County Project Leading Group Quanjiao County PMO JND Railway Construction & Nanjing PMO Pukou District Project Leading Group Pukou District PMO Investment Co., Ltd.

2.2.7 List of social sensitive sites 1) Noise, dust, tail gases, domestic wastewater, domestic waste, etc. produced during project construction may affect nearby residents and schools to some extent. Appropriate measures should be taken to reduce such impacts. 2) The Project will also involve road expansion, and bring higher pedestrian and vehicular traffic, thereby posing potential threats to the personal safety of local residents, especially school students. Safety education should be given to ensure personal safety. 3) Potential LA and HD impacts. 1) LA impacts: According to the optimized project design, 733.73 mu of collective land will be acquired for the Project, affecting 258 households with 906 persons, and 1,094.67 mu of

11 state-owned land occupied permanently. Chuzhou segment: 1,684.4 mu of land will be occupied permanently (632.48 mu of collective land and 1,051.92 mu of state-owned land), affecting 222 households with 780 persons in 18 groups of 12 villages/communities in 4 townships and one sub-district in Nanqiao District, SCMIP, Lai’an County and Quanjiao County. Nanjing segment: 144 mu of land will be occupied permanently (101.25 mu of collective land and 42.75 mu of state-owned land), affecting 36 households with 126 persons in 4 villages/communities in 3 townships/sub-district in Pukou District (Banqiao Community and Shuangcheng Village in Pancheng Sub-district, Huaqi Village in Taishan Sub-district, and Beicheng Village in Yongning Town), and 132 mu of land will be occupied temporarily, affecting 46 households with 165 persons. 2) HD impacts: Rural residential houses of 31,252 m2 will be demolished, affecting 219 households with 692 persons, including: Chuzhou segment: Rural residential houses of 13,420 m2 in Lai’an County will be demolished, affecting 116 households with 352 persons; rural residential houses of 15,802 m2 in Nanqiao District will be demolished, affecting 92 households with 303 persons. No urban residential house will be demolished. Two stores in Chahe Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County occupying about 400 m2 of state-owned land will be demolished for the Project, namely Lanniao Fitness Club and Xue’s Hardware & Machinery, affecting 3 households with 16 persons. Nanjing segment: Residential houses of 2,030 m2 will be demolished, affecting 11 households with 37 persons in 4 villages/communities in 3 townships/sub-district in Pukou District (Banqiao Community and Shuangcheng Village in Pancheng Sub-district, Huaqi Village in Taishan Sub-district, and Beicheng Village in Yongning Town). The Project will affect 17 villages, 3 schools and a hospital in 7 townships / sub-districts in 5 districts / counties. See Table 2-6. Table 2-6 List of social sensitive sites Social sensitive site District / county Township Hospita Village / community School l Zhugang Village, Gutang Village, Nanqiao Yaopu Town Meipu Community, Wanqiao ------District Community, Yaopu Community Longpan Sub-district Dougang Village, Huayuan Village ------Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College, Dawang Langya

Chuzhou Dawang Sub-district Dawang Village, Xingtang Village Junior High School, Langya ------District Road Primary School SCMIP Branch Quanjiao

Shizi Town Gaoqiao Village ------County Chahe Village, Jiangqingwei Village, Lai’an Chahe Town ------Chentang Village, Xiangguan Village County Lai’an No.2 County Shuixi Village, Dukou Village, Xinhe People’ Shuikou Town ------Village s Hospital

Nanjing Banqiao Community, Shuangcheng Pancheng Sub-district ------Pukou Village District Taishan Sub-district Huaqi Village

Yongning Town Beicheng Village

12 3 Public Participation Process 3.1 Stakeholder identification Stakeholders refer to individuals or groups that can affect or be affected by the realization of the project objectives. Stakeholders can be divided into primary and secondary stakeholders. Primary stakeholders of the Project include local residents, vulnerable groups, persons affected by LA and HD, teachers and students, hospital doctors and patients, etc., and secondary stakeholders include the owner, design agency, construction agency, supervising agency and government agencies concerned. 3.1.1 Primary stakeholders Primary stakeholders of the Project include direct beneficiaries and those affected negatively by the Project. 1) Beneficiaries: The Project will benefit residents in 8 sub-districts in Langya District, two sub-districts and 8 townships in Nanqiao District, 10 townships in Quanjiao County and 12 townships in Lai’an County (mainly including local residents, women, old people, the poor, teachers and students, hospital doctors and patients). In addition, 1,505,477 residents in the 10 sub-districts and 30 townships in the project area will benefit from the Project, including 736,677 females, accounting for 48.93%. See Table 3-1. a) Local residents: Local residents will benefit directly from the Project, because the Project will not only improve local traffic, and reduce traffic accidents and tail gas emissions, but also promote Chuzhou’s development through closer connections with Nanjing, thereby increasing local residents’ income, enriching their cultural life, and accelerating Chuzhou’s urbanization. In addition to tangible benefits, the Project will allow local old people to travel safely and conveniently, and enrich their experiences; after the completion of the Project, local laborers working outside can return home more conveniently and frequently. b) Vulnerable groups: Local vulnerable groups include MLS households, five-guarantee households, the disabled, the poor, women-headed households, etc. The project will undoubtedly bring more job opportunities. Unskilled jobs such as security guard and cleaner will be first made available to local vulnerable groups, allowing them to have stable income while taking care of families. In addition, after the completion of the Project, local vulnerable groups can work in Nanjing more conveniently, and have more employment choices and higher income. c) Teachers and students: The Project will affect some schools, such as Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College, Dawang Junior High School and Nanjing Langya Road Primary School SCMIP Branch. The Project will provide traffic convenience to teachers and students, especially teachers living in Nanjing. In addition, teachers in Chuzhou can go to Nanjing for academic exchange and experience sharing more conveniently. d) Doctors and patients: Lai’an County No.2 People’s Hospital affected by the Project is a Class 2 general hospital. It has close cooperation with the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and would invite experts from Nanjing for diagnosis on Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays. Currently, it is inconvenient and costly for experts from Nanjing to get to the hospital. After the completion of the Project, experts from Nanjing can go to hospitals in Chuzhou more conveniently, thereby improving the medical care level of Chuzhou, and critically ill patients in Chuzhou can be sent to Nanjing for medical care more conveniently and quickly.

Table 3-1 Summary of beneficiary population District / Beneficiary Percent of female Township / sub-district Population county female population beneficiaries Dongmen Sub-district 15300 7650 50.00% Nanmen Sub-district 27194 14135 52.00% Ximen Sub-district 16856 8068 47.90% Langya Beimen Sub-district 20750 10790 52.00% District Yangya Sub-district 62750 31375 50.00% Yangzi Sub-district 36360 18450 50.70% Xijian Sub-district 26672 14885 55.80% Qingliu Sub-district 77349 36486 49.80% Dawang Sub-district 19708 9854 50.00% Nanqiao Longpan Sub-district 32643 15600 47.80% District Wuyi Town 42000 20620 49.10%

13 Shahe Town 39000 19600 50.30% Zhangguang Town 31000 15220 49.10% Yaopu Town 32054 16620 51.90% Shiji Town 31108 15240 49.00% Daliu Town 12850 6168 48.00% Huangnigang Town 21000 10042 47.80% Zhulong Town 13101 5889 45.00% Xin’an Town 104436 50142 48.00% Banta Town 76139 37456 49.20% Shiguan Town 41723 20010 47.90% Shuikou Town 59868 28720 48.00% Chahe Town 42421 22096 52.10% Lai’an Shunshan Town 36657 16860 46.00% County Leiguan Town 26912 13999 52.00% Daying Town 15219 7804 51.30% Dushan Xiang 20526 10245 50.00% Sancheng Xiang 22476 10110 45.00% Zhangshan Xiang 24844 11965 48.20% Yangying Xiang 19635 10261 52.30% Dashu Town 23900 11472 48.00% Liuzhen Town 46320 22100 47.70% Erlangkou Town 51200 24576 48.00% Machang Town 22000 11002 50.00% Quanjiao Shipei Town 29020 14100 48.60% County Xiwang Town 28500 13965 49.00% Shizi Town 40034 18450 46.10% Xianghe Town 80322 38580 48.00% Guhe Town 48000 23792 49.60% Wugang Town 87630 42280 48.20% Pancheng Sub-district 41461 19486 47.00% Pukou Taishan Sub-district 200000 96000 48.00% District Yongning Town 38779 19876 51.30% Total 43 1785717 872039 48.80% Source: feasibility study report, statistical yearbooks and reports

2) Those affected negatively by the Project: including residents, enterprises and stores affected adversely by construction, LA and HD, as well as vulnerable groups 733.73 mu of collective land will be acquired for the Project, affecting 258 households with 906 persons, and 1,094.67 mu of state-owned land occupied permanently. The Project will be constructed in stages to reduce construction impacts on road traffic. The Chuzhou segment does not involve temporary land occupation, while 132 mu of land will be occupied temporarily in the Nanjing segment. Rural residential houses of 31,252 m2 will be demolished, affecting 219 households with 692 persons. Stores of 400 m2 will be demolished for the Project, affecting 3 households with 16 persons. 3.1.2 Secondary stakeholders Secondary stakeholders include the owner, design agency, construction agency, supervising agency and government agencies concerned. 1) PMO: The Chuzhou PMO has been established to take charge of the leadership, implementation and supervision of the Project, and contact with the Bank. PMOs have been established in the project district / counties for project coordination, composed of relevant government officials, responsible for project construction under the unified coordination and direction of the Chuzhou PMO. 2) Owner: responsible for project construction, operation, maintenance and coordination 3) Government agencies concerned: including land and resources bureaus, HD management offices, development and reform bureaus, transport bureaus, housing construction bureaus, statistics bureau, labor and social security bureaus, women’s federations, civil affairs bureaus, poverty reduction offices, environmental protection bureaus, township governments, village

14 committees, etc. In addition, secondary stakeholders also include the design agency, construction agency, etc.

3.2 Public Participation Process Since the beginning of project preparation in 2018, the Chuzhou and district / county PMOs have organized a series of public participation and consultation activities. At the preparation stage, the feasibility study agency, SA agency and environmental impact assessment agency conducted information disclosure, public participation and consultation. 3.2.1 Project information disclosure 1) From October 2017, the PMOs have disclosed project information to local residents, and collected their attitudes and comments. 2) From May 2018, the PMOs, district / county governments and design agency have disclosed the scope of construction, site selection criteria and traffic safety knowledge by means of meeting, notice, brochure, banner, WeChat, etc., with about 30% of participants being women. 3) During February and March 2019, the task force learned local residents’ production and living conditions, socioeconomic conditions, traffic conditions, comments and suggestions on the Project, and disclosed project information (scope of construction, social benefits, compensation policies, restoration measures, etc.) to them by means of questionnaire survey, FGD, organizational interview and personal interview. From 2017 to date, the Nanjing, Chuzhou and district / county PMOs have released the Project’s latest information online many times. See Figure 3-1.

Figure 3-1 Project information disclosure

3.2.2 Field investigation The task force conducted a field investigation in the project area for a more practical and objective understanding of the Project’s impacts, local residents’ socioeconomic conditions, their expectations for station setup and supporting facilities, main concerns, etc.

Figure 3-2 Field investigation

15 3.2.3 FGD In order to learn needs and suggestions of local residents (including urban and rural residents, women, the poor and vulnerable groups), 11 FGDs were held in the project area, with 323 participants in total, including 103 women, accounting for 31.8%; 53 old people, accounting for 16.4%; 42 vulnerable people, accounting for 13.1%; and 106 village committee and villager representatives, accounting for 32.82%.

Figure 3-3 FGDs

3.2.4 Key informant interview Key informant interviews were conducted at the district / county, township / sub-district and village / community levels to provide inputs into project design and implementation, including heads of district / county agencies concerned, township / sub-district and village / community officials, and villager representatives. 90 key informants were interviewed in total, including 19 in Nanqiao District, 20 in Langya District, 18 in Lai’an County, 15 in Quanjiao County and 18 in Pukou District.

Figure 3-4 Key informant interview

3.2.5 Questionnaire survey The task force also conducted a questionnaire survey in the project area.

Figure 3-5 Questionnaire survey

16

400 copies were completed and 400 valid copies recovered, accounting for 100%.

Table 3-2Summary of public participation activities Type Date Venue Key points Participants Information disclosure PMOs, feasibility study agency, Affected Oct. 2017 township governments, village Project villages committees, APs information Affected Information disclosure, and collection of PMOs, owner, TA experts, disclosure May 2018 villages attitudes and comments township and village officials, APs Jun. 2018 Websites Latest project information PMOs, APs Mar. 4-10, 2019 Affected Sampling socioeconomic survey PMOs, owner, RAP preparation Mar. – Apr. 2019 villages agency Collecting local residents’ comments and Mar. 4-10, 2019 Affected Field suggestions by field investigation, PMOs, owner, SA agency Mar. – Apr. 2019 villages investigation questionnaire, interview, etc. Consultation on project preparation, and Mar. 4-10, 2019 Proposed collection of suggestions on project SA agency Mar. – Apr. 2019 sites optimization Affected 400 copies distributed and 400 valid copies Questionnaire Mar. 4-10, 2019 villages, recovered (55.75 % male and 44.25 % APs, SA agency survey Mar. – Apr. 2019 homes female) 9 FGDs were held, with 277 participants in Mar. 4-10, 2019 Affected total, including 90 women, 37 vulnerable FGD APs, SA agency Mar. – Apr. 2019 villages people, 44 old people, and 106 village officials and villager representatives Agencies 72 key informants were interviewed in total, Key informant Mar. 4-10, 2019 concerned, including 19 in Nanqiao District, 20 in Government officials, APs, interview Mar. – Apr. 2019 affected Langya District, 18 in Lai’an County and 15 affected entities, SA agency villages in Quanjiao County

3.3 Stakeholder demand analysis 3.3.1 Needs for the Project 1) Local residents have an urgent demand for modern means of transport and relieving traffic pressure. The shortage of means of public transport, traffic congestion, and high traffic pressure are prevalent in the project area. Residents can go to Nanjing by high-speed train or private car only. However, high-speed rail is restricted by timing and ticket availability, and traveling by private car is costly, and may be subject to traffic congestion, penalties and non-local vehicle restriction in Nanjing. Therefore, Chuzhou residents cannot go to Nanjing freely due to the shortage of means of public transport. ①Limited means of means of public transport: Some communities are connected by limited bus routes, so villagers’ traffic demand cannot be met. For some communities, the bus is the only means of public transport, and cannot meet traffic demand and provide a good riding experience on holidays. For example, there is no fixed bus stop in Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County, and the bus runs on an irregular schedule and often has long waiting times, bringing inconvenience to villagers. Local residents strongly expect the Project to solve the problem of traffic inconvenience, and provide modern and comfortable public transport experiences. ②Serious traffic congestion and strict traffic rules: With the improvement of residents’ living standard, more and more Chuzhou residents have a private car. However, road construction has not kept up with the rapid growth of private cars, resulting in frequent traffic congestion. In addition, the traffic rules are increasingly strict, and private car owners are exposed to the risk of penalties. The existing traffic environment brings great economic and time costs, and inconvenience to residents. Local residents expect the Project to reduce their traffic times and relieve traffic congestion. 2) Old people expect to see the outside world conveniently. Today, people prefer spiritual fulfillment to material fulfillment. Nanjing attracts Chuzhou residents for its long history, profound culture and tourism resources, especially old people.

17 However, their travel is restricted by intercity traffic, and their own physical conditions. Local old people expect to see the outside world conveniently through the Project.

Interview 3-1: Ms Zhang, Meipu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (63 years) “I have been taking care of children and grandchildren, and have no time for travel. Now I have both time and money, so I want to go to Nanjing.”

3) Those left-behind expect to strengthen connections with relatives through the Project. Many laborers in Chuzhou work in economically developed Jiangsu Province, especially Nanjing City, leaving many children, women and old people behind. Those left-behind expect that with the completion of the Project, laborers working outside can return home more frequently. 4) Teachers and students expect the Project to generate more exchange opportunities. Teachers and students of Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College expect to go to universities and colleges in Nanjing more conveniently for academic exchanges. 5) Medical staff and patients expect enjoy better medical resources through the Project. Lai’an County No.2 People’s Hospital affected by the Project has close cooperation with the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and would invite experts from Nanjing for diagnosis on Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays. Currently, it is inconvenient and costly for experts from Nanjing to get to the hospital. After the completion of the Project, experts from Nanjing can go to hospitals in Chuzhou more conveniently, thereby improving the medical care level of Chuzhou, and critically ill patients in Chuzhou can be sent to Nanjing for medical care more conveniently and quickly. 6) Vulnerable groups expect that their self-esteem be protected. In order to protect the rights and interests of vulnerable groups, local governments have enacted preferential policies on public transport for them. However, many vulnerable residents don’t know how to apply for a discount card due to the complex process, and do not enjoy any discount. In addition, there would be a prompt tone when a discount card is used, which would hurt the self-esteem of vulnerable residents, especially the disabled.

Interview 3-2: Mr. Wang, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (28 years) “I wear an artificial leg, and have difficult in traveling, but it cannot be seen if I don’t walk. When I use the bus discount card for the disabled, there will be a voice prompt. How embarrassing it is! I expect that the discount card of the subway has no prompt tone.”

3.3.2 High activity and willingness of low income population for the Project Local low income population generally supports the Project, with a support rate of 98.3%. If possible, they are willing to input labor at the construction and operation stages to increase their income. Most MLS and poor households are willing to participate in the Project. For them, the Project is a good opportunity to increase income and eliminate poverty. They can either participate directly in the Project by labor input, or do better-paid jobs in Nanjing by taking advantage of convenient traffic conditions provided by the Project. 3.3.3 Strong participation willingness of women 97.7% of the female respondents are willing to participate in the Project. See Table 3-3.

Table 3-3 Willingness of women to participate in the Project after completion Indicator Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid percent Option percent Willing 173 97.7 97.7 97.7 Valid Unwilling 4 2.3 2.3 100.0 Total 177 100.0 100.0

Compared to Anhui Province’s capital of Hefei, Chuzhou is closer to Nanjing, especially Chahe

18 Town, Lai’an County, which is much closer to Nanjing than the urban area of Chuzhou. Most residents in Lai’an County work in Nanjing, including women, because jobs in Nanjing are better paid than local jobs by 1,500-2,000 yuan per month. However, under the existing traffic conditions, they cannot commute every day, and can only return home weekly. Women expect the Project to be completed as early as possible so that they can earn more money while taking care of families. Women in Pukou District, Nanjing also say that some jobs generated by the Project will be available to them.

Interview 3-3: Ms Liu, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (35 years) “Our village is close to Nanjing, so many villagers are working there. However, it is inconvenient to take a bus, so they usually return home once a week. If the subway is available, I can return home every day.”

3.3.4 Improved awareness of the Project among local officials and residents 95.3% of the respondents are aware of the Project. 26.4% of those aware of the Project hear of the Project by means of television, broadcast, newspaper, Web, etc., 22.6% by means of village / community committee, and 13.5% by means of the government. Local government officials are more aware of details of the Project, but ordinary residents know little about the Project. Therefore, publicity on the Project should be strengthened to involve the public in the Project. 3.3.5 High support level of local residents for the Project 85.8% of the respondents think that the Project is important for their families, and 98.3% support the Project.

Table 3-4 Support of local residents for the Project Indicator Valid Cumulative Frequency Percent Option percent percent Strongly support 192 48.0 48.0 48.0 Support 201 50.3 50.3 98.3 Valid Don’t care 7 1.7 1.7 100.0 Total 400 100.0 100.0

Residents near the project sites generally support the Project after learning more about it.

Interview 3-4: Mr. Chen, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (42 years) “I definitely support the Project. When it is completed, our city will be connected with Nanjing, and we can share its economic and cultural resources.”

19 4 Social Impact Analysis 4.1 Positive impacts According to the questionnaire survey, local residents think that the Project will have the following positive impacts: 1) 21.2% of the respondents think the Project will reduce traffic times; 2) 19.3% think that the Project will improve traffic safety; 3) 17.4% think that the Project will improve traffic convenience; 4) 17.4% think that the Project will reduce traffic costs; 5) 12.35% think that the Project will create job opportunities; and 6) 4.2% think that the Project will mitigate traffic congestion.

Table 4-1 Perceived positive impacts of the Project Indicator Potential positive impacts of the Project Option Improvi Expanding Relieving Improving the Creating Reducin Reducing Improvi Increasin ng traffic the market traffic surrounding Don’t Perception more g traffic traffic ng traffic g tourism conveni of farm congesti natural know jobs times costs safety income ence products on environment Sample size 144 249 204 227 204 21 49 40 36 1 Percent (%) 12.3 21.2 17.4 19.3 17.4 1.8 4.2 3.4 3.1 0.09

4.1.1 Improving public traffic infrastructure and traffic comfort Such problems of inconvenient public traffic, high pressure of public traffic and bad riding experiences exist in the project area, and there is an urgent need to improve public traffic infrastructure. For example, for some residents in Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town who work in SCMIP, there is no direct bus access to SCMIP, and buses are crowded on holidays, and during the morning and evening peak hours, resulting in reduced riding comfort, especially for women. Local residents are quite dissatisfied with the current situation of public traffic, and would rather travel by subway than by bus even if subway fares are higher. The Project will undoubtedly improve traffic conditions for local residents greatly.

Interview 4-1: Ms Zhao, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (34 years) “There are 3 bus routes at the gate of our community, but there is no bus route leading directly to SCMIP. It is difficult to go to the high-speed railway station by bus on holidays, because there are too many people.”

4.1.2 Reducing traffic costs and times With the improvement of residents’ living standard, more and more Chuzhou residents have a private car. However, road construction has not kept up with the rapid growth of private cars, resulting in frequent traffic congestion, especially during the peak hours. In addition, the traffic rules are increasingly strict, and private car owners are exposed to the risk of penalties. The existing traffic environment brings great economic and time costs, and inconvenience to residents. In addition, economic and time costs of intercity traffic between Chuzhou and Nanjing are also high. For Nanqiao District close to the high-speed railway station, more residents go to Nanjing by high-speed train, and for Lai’an County far away from the high-speed railway station, more residents go to Nanjing by intercity shuttle bus and private car. See Tables 4-2 and 4-3.

Table 4-2 Traffic modes, costs and times of residents in Nanqiao District going to Nanjing Means of transport Time (minute) Fare (yuan) Remarks High-speed train 18 24.5-84.5 To Nanjing South Railway Station Train 44-64 11.5-92.5 To Coach 60-90 25 To Nanjing Coach Station Private car 60 150 To Linchang Subway Station

Table 4-3 Traffic modes, costs and times of residents in Lai’an County going to Nanjing Means of Passenger type Time Fare Remarks

20 transport (minute) (yuan) Country Homeowners 2 Discounted fare 20 Garden bus Non-homeowners 5 Normal fare Same distance to the county Minibus residents 45 9 town and Linchang 1000 (per Same distance to the county Private car residents 30 month) town and Linchang Private car residents 60 150 Higher

For residents in both Lai’an County and Nanqiao District, it is costly and inconvenient for residents to go to Nanjing are high, especially for residents who cannot buy high-speed train tickets, and far away from the high-speed railway station and the coach station, and residents have to go to their destinations by subway after arriving in Nanjing. Those going to Nanjing by private car are subject to non-local vehicle restriction in Nanjing. Therefore, the Project will reduce economic and time costs of intercity traffic greatly. 4.1.3 Reducing traffic accidents and tail gases, and protecting residents’ personal safety and ecological environment As more and more residents use private cars, the incidence of urban traffic accidents has increased, especially at intersections. In addition, the traffic rules are increasingly strict, and private car owners are exposed to the risk of penalties, so private car owners avoid driving where possible to avoid unnecessary financial losses. In addition, private cars also threaten urban air quality. According to the 2018 statistics of the environmental protection bureau, the annual average levels of PM10 and PM2.5 of Chuzhou in 2018 were 80.7 μg/m3 and 49.8 μg/m3 respectively, beyond the limits by 15.3% and 42.3% respectively, indicating poor air quality caused by increased private cars. Therefore, the Project will provide another means of transport to residents, and reduce the use of private cars to some extent, thereby reducing the incidence of traffic accidents, penalty losses of private car owners and tail gas emissions. 4.1.4 Promoting resource flow between Chuzhou and Nanjing, and giving full play to Nanjing’s advantages Nanjing is the first destination of medical care, shopping, entertainment, learning and other socioeconomic activities for Chuzhou residents, other than Anhui Province’s capital of Hefei. This is because Nanjing has rich cultural, educational, medical and tourism resources, including many famous universities and general hospitals. The Project will promote the flow of educational and medical resources from Nanjing to Chuzhou, so that teachers in Chuzhou can go to Nanjing and medical experts in Nanjing can go to Chuzhou conveniently, thereby benefiting Chuzhou residents.

Interview 4-4: Mr. Chen, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (49 years) “We don’t dare to go out by car, because the traffic rules are easily violated. A violation means a penalty of 200 yuan and 3 points. We can take bus or subway many times with this money. When the subway is completed, we will not go out by car.”

Interview 4-5: Mr. Chen, president of Lai’an County No.2 People’s Hospital (48 years) “Our hospital cooperates with a hospital in Nanjing, and would invite experts from Nanjing for diagnosis. Currently, it is inconvenient and costly for experts from Nanjing to get to the hospital. When the subway is completed, experts can come here and our doctors can go to Nanjing more conveniently, thereby improving the medical care level of Chuzhou.”

4.1.5 Improving the self-culture, identity and pride of Chuzhou citizens After the completion of the Project, Chuzhou will be included in the Nanjing metropolitan region, the lifestyle of Chuzhou residents will be affected by Nanjing, thereby becoming modern, civilized and diversified, and bad practices will be eliminated, such as burning fireworks and firecrackers. In addition, the subway is an indicator of a city’s modernization and developed economy, so the Project will improve the modernization level and urban image of Chuzhou, and the self-culture, identity and pride of Chuzhou residents.

21 Interview 4-6: Mr. Zhang, teacher of Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College (47 years): “Subway traffic is available in Hefei only in Anhui Province. When it is available in Chuzhou, our city will enjoy higher status in Anhui. How proud we are!”

4.1.6 Strengthening kinships, and maintaining the physical and mental health of those left-behind Most old people and women mention at FGDs that their children and husbands work outside all the year round, and rarely return home due to inconvenient and costly traffic. The Project will make it very convenient for those working outside to return home, thereby strengthening their emotional connections with families, and improving the mental health of left-behind women, old people and children.

Interview 4-7: Ms Wang, Meipu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (59 years): “My son works in Nanjing, and rarely returns at ordinary times due to inconvenient traffic. When the subway is completed, he can return home to accompany us easily.”

4.2 Negative impacts 4.2.1 Potential LA and HD impacts LA impacts: According to the optimized project design, 733.73 mu of collective land will be acquired for the Project, affecting 258 households with 906 persons, and 1,094.67 mu of state-owned land occupied permanently. Chuzhou segment: 1,684.4 mu of land will be occupied permanently (632.48 mu of collective land and 1,051.92 mu of state-owned land), affecting 222 households with 780 persons in 18 groups of 12 villages/communities in 4 townships and one sub-district in Nanqiao District, SCMIP, Lai’an County and Quanjiao County. Nanjing segment: 144 mu of land will be occupied permanently (101.25 mu of collective land and 42.75 mu of state-owned land), affecting 36 households with 126 persons in 4 villages/communities in 3 townships/sub-district in Pukou District (Banqiao Community and Shuangcheng Village in Pancheng Sub-district, Huaqi Village in Taishan Sub-district, and Beicheng Village in Yongning Town), and 132 mu of land will be occupied temporarily, affecting 46 households with 165 persons. The Project will be constructed in stages, so the Chuzhou segment does not involve temporary land occupation. LA will reduce land resources and land-based income of local residents to varying degrees, threatening their livelihoods. In view of this, the households affected by permanent LA and their impacts should be identified as early as possible, such impacts notified to the APs in advance, and compensation paid to them in full according to the prevailing policies. See the RAP for details.

Table 4-4 Impacts of permanent LA and temporary land occupation Lai’an Quanjiao Nanqiao Pukou Grand No. Item Unit SCMIP Total County County District District total Acquisition of 1 mu 567.37 9.7 47.6 7.81 101.25 733.73 collective land 1051.92 (155.88 mu of urban land, 3.01 1137.42 Occupation of 2 mu mu of water surface, 5.04 mu of river flat 42.75 1094.67 state-owned land and 770 mu of highway land) Temporary land 3 mu / / / / 132 132 132 occupation Directly affected Permanent HH 145 10 64 3 36 258 / population LA Person 485 67 218 10 126 906 / 4 Temporarily Temporary HH / / / / 46 46 / affected land Person / / / / 165 165 / population occupation

HD impacts: Rural residential houses of 31,252 m2 will be demolished, affecting 219

22 households with 692 persons, including: Chuzhou segment: Rural residential houses of 13,420 m2 in Lai’an County will be demolished, affecting 116 households with 352 persons; rural residential houses of 15,802 m2 in Nanqiao District will be demolished, affecting 92 households with 303 persons. No urban residential house will be demolished. Two stores in Chahe Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County occupying about 400 m2 of state-owned land will be demolished for the Project, namely Lanniao Fitness Club and Xue’s Hardware & Machinery, affecting 3 households with 16 persons. Nanjing segment: Residential houses of 2,030 m2 will be demolished, affecting 11 households with 37 persons in 4 villages/communities in 3 townships/sub-district in Pukou District (Banqiao Community and Shuangcheng Village in Pancheng Sub-district, Huaqi Village in Taishan Sub-district, and Beicheng Village in Yongning Town).

Table 4-5 Summary of HD impacts Lai’an Nanqiao Pukou No. Item Unit Total County District District Rural HH 116 92 11 219 1 residential Person 352 303 37 692 houses m2 13420 15802 2030 31252 Urban HH / / / 2 residential Person / / / houses m2 / / / Non- HH 3 / 3 3 residential Person 16 / 16 properties m2 400 / 400

4.2.2 Potential sexual harassment on means of public transport Although local female teachers, students, doctors, patients and residents support the Project, they have a worry about sexual harassment in subway traffic. Sexual harassment is more likely to occur on subway trains and buses during the morning and evening peak hours in summer, when subway trains and buses are crowded, and women dressed in thinner clothing; The government and the subway company should protect women in this regard, and women should protect their own lawful rights and interests bravely when on means of public transport. In addition, a public opinion atmosphere against sexual harassment should be created, a prevention and punishment mechanism established, and law enforcement strengthened. It is recommended that proper preventative measures should be put in place to reduce GBV related risks. 4.2.3 Potential increase of local housing prices While promoting the economic development of Chuzhou, the Project will increase living costs of citizens by driving up commodity and housing prices. After completion, many Nanjing residents or people working in Nanjing will buy houses in Chuzhou, so local housing prices will rise sharply. This rise will increase the financial burden of those having no house but needing a house, thereby increasing wealth gaps among residents.

Interview 4-8: Mr. Liu, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (43 years) “The rise of housing prices is good news for those having houses, who can sell their houses to earn money, but is bad news for those having no house, because they will have greater difficulty in buying a house.”

4.2.4 Potential natural and social impacts of construction Noise, dust, tail gases, domestic wastewater, domestic waste, etc. produced during project construction may affect nearby residents and schools to some extent. Construction may also damage cultural relics to some extent, especially construction sites close to communities and schools. For example, the construction site of Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College Station is close to the student dormitory, and construction may disturb students’ regular rest and lives, and threaten their personal safety. This is reflected in the questionnaire survey. Potential negative impacts of the Project perceived by local residents mainly include: ①28.3% of the respondents think that construction will produce

23 dust and noise; ②26.9% think that there will be temporary traffic convenience during construction; ③23.2% think that the Project will drive up commodity and housing prices; ④10.4% think that construction will threaten personal and property safety.

Table 4-6 Perceived negative impacts of the Project Indicator Potential negative impact during project construction Rise of Temporary Threat of AIDS and Dust Introducing LA and commodity traffic personal other Don’t Perception and bad urban HD and housing inconvenie and property infectious know noise practices impacts prices nce safety diseases Sample size 268 310 327 120 48 9 65 7 Percent (%) 23.2 26.9 28.3 10.4 4.2 0.8 5.6 0.6

4.2.5 Potential impacts of external labor influx during construction The Project will involve extensive construction, which will be conducted by specialized teams. These teams will introduce labor from other provinces, cities or counties to meet qualification or construction requirements. It is expected about 280 non-local laborers and 290 local laborers will be recruited. The influx of non-local laborers will lead to some social and health risks, including disseminating epidemic and infectious diseases (AIDS, influenza, etc.), and causing conflicts with local residents due to the lack of understanding of local customs (religions, festivals, etc.). To mitigate risks caused by influx of labor, proper worker camps management procedures need to be in place.

Table 4-7 Expected labor input and types of work in project construction Indicator Non- Local District / local Main types of work Main types of work Total laborers county laborers Project management, financial Material transport, 1. Nanqiao 86 management, contract management, 102 construction, cooking, 188 District machinery operation, etc. cleaning, etc. Project management, financial Earth transport, material 2. Langya 84 management, contract management, 68 transport, construction, 152 District machinery operation, etc. cooking, cleaning, etc. Project management, financial Earth transport, material 3. Lai’an 75 management, contract management, 80 transport, construction, 155 County machinery operation, etc. cooking, cleaning, etc. Project management, financial Earth transport, material 4. Quanjiao 35 management, contract management, 40 transport, construction, 75 County machinery operation, etc. cooking, cleaning, etc. Total 280 / 290 / 570

4.3 Labor and working conditions Creating employment and income-generating opportunities plays a crucial role in promoting poverty alleviation and inclusive economic growth. The PMO should ensure that the project implementation staff is treated fairly, and a safe and healthy working environment provided to them, thereby establishing a good staff-management relationship, and improving the benefits of the Project. In order to realize the Bank’s labor protection objectives, the Bank’s ESS2 framework, legal framework of China on labor protection and CIRC’s labor system are compared for consistency as follows. See Table 4-8. 4.3.1 Comparative analysis of labor and working conditions It can be seen from the comparative analysis that the legal framework of China is consistent with the key requirements of ESS2, and even more stringent, such as the legal working age for child labor employment. The requirements for the protection of worker rights and interests, and personal and environmental safety in CIRC’s labor system fully comply with the Labor Law of China and the Bank’s ESS2. However, CIRC’s labor system does not cover all requirements of the Bank, and has deficiencies in the following 3 aspects: 1) Project staff should be employed on the basis of equal opportunities and fair treatment, and

24 there should be no discrimination against any personal feature unrelated to the inherent job requirements. CIRC’s labor system does not specify the prohibition of occupational discrimination during recruitment, so that some disabled persons, women, etc. may be excluded in practice. 2) Appropriate protection and assistance measures should be taken for physical defects of certain workers, such as women, the disabled, migrant workers and children of the legal working age. CIRC’s labor system does not address physical defects of vulnerable groups, so that they may do jobs not suited to their physical conditions, and suffer physically and mentally. 3) The Labor Law stipulates that workers have the right to establish and join worker organizations, and conduct collective bargaining. CIRC’s labor system is not sound enough in this regard, so that workers may take extreme measures when they have no way to ask for help. 4.3.2 Improvement measures and suggestions 1) CIRC should develop a sound the labor employment system, specifying that the Human Resources Dept. should recruit laborers fairly, and not refuse to employ any laborer for any excuse unrelated to the job requirements. 2) Protection and assistance measures for vulnerable groups should be developed and taken, so that they enjoy equal treatment and rights without any additional condition. In addition, some special regulations will be developed to provide specific guidance for vulnerable group protection. 3) Workers should be assisted in establishing a workers’ organization or strengthening the existing organization, such as a trade union. Since workers have limited knowledge and capacity, CIRC should give publicity and education to workers, and encourage them to join the trade union to protect their own lawful rights and interests.

25 Table 4-8 Comparative analysis of labor and working conditions with the regulations of CIRC Consistency ESS Key Requirements Legal Framework of China CIRC’s labor system assessment and remedial measures 1) Provide project workers with The Labor Law requires the employer must establish a The Safety Management Volume of the CIRC Project Consistent information and documentation complete system for occupational health and safety Management Standardization Handbook stipulates that a that is clear and understandable and strictly apply all the relevant occupational health sound work safety system should be established to regarding their terms and and safety measures and standard, and provide improve work safety conditions, and define relevant duties, conditions of employment training on the occupational health and safety to and work safety standardization should be implemented including their rights at the workers. through total participation. beginning of the working The Labor Contract Law explicitly requires that: the The Safety Management Volume of the CIRC Project relationship and when any employer shall provide the information to the workers at Management Standardization Handbook requires that all material changes to the terms or the beginning of the working relationship on the duties, management and operating staff on the construction site conditions of employment occur. working conditions, working place, occupational shall be covered by safety training and education, any hazards, status of occupational safety and health worker transferred to another job, newly employed or using facilities, wage, and other information if the workers any new technique shall go to work after receiving training request. The employer should get agreement with the and passing an examination; when a work safety accident workers before any change of the contract. occurs, the person chiefly responsible, and the work safety management staff shall be retrained; safety education and training shall be pertinent, practical and effective by various means. 2) Apply all relevant Occupational, In China, there are over one hundred technical The Safety Management Volume of the CIRC Project Consistent Health and Safety measures to the specifications and standards for prevention and control Management Standardization Handbook stipulates that a Project, consistent with applicable of occupational safety and diseases under the Labor working environment and working conditions meeting the laws, regulations and industry best Law system. These technical specifications and legal and regulatory requirements shall be provided to practices. standards are developed based on the industry best workers, superior requirements on work safety practice or updated toward the industry best practice, communicated timely, and existing problems in work safety i.e. WHO, and relevant technical codes/norms of EU or studied, and measures for improving work safety USA, and the requirements of the International Labor developed. Conventions1. These technical specifications and standards become compulsory to apply in the design and operation of the facilities. 3) Employment of project workers The Labor Law clearly defines that the labors are Not specified Consistent will be based on the principle of entitled to the rights of equal opportunity for CIRC should establish equal opportunity and fair employment and free choice of occupation. It stipulates clear rules and

1 So far, China has signed 25 of the International Labor Conventions, including Convention on Equal Pay for Equal Work (100th convention), Minimum Employment Age Convention (138th convention), The Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention (182th convention), and Employment and Occupation Discrimination Convention (111th convention), etc.

26 treatment, and there will be no that “the workers should not be discriminated by regulations against discrimination on the basis of difference on nationality, race, sex or religion.” occupational personal characteristics unrelated discrimination to protect to inherent job requirements. the rights and interests of job applicants. 4) Provide appropriate measures The Labor Law requires special protection to women Not specified Consistent of protection and assistance to and children, which prohibits a series of dangerous job CIRC should develop address the vulnerabilities of positions from engaging women and children workers. protection and project workers, including specific In addition, a number of special regulations are assistance measures groups of workers, such as developed to provide specific guidance on protection of for vulnerable groups to women, people with disabilities, vulnerable groups, including Regulations on Protection protect their lawful migrant workers and children of of Women Workers; Regulations on Prohibition of Child rights and interests. legal working age. Labor; Rules for Special Protection of Child Labor, Regulations on the Scope of Duties prohibited for Women Workers, and Regulations on Employment of Disables. In addition, the State Council issued the Decision on Addressing Issues related to Migrant Workers in 2006, which specifies the principle of fair treatment and equal rights, and sets out measures to ensure their rights in employment, payment, training, education of their children, insurance, health and safety in work place, etc. 5) No child under the minimum The Labor Law stipulates the legal working age for CIRC shall refuse to recruit child labor below the legal Consistent age of 14 will be employed or child labor (between 16 and 18). Hiring child labor working age, and examine job qualifications of workers engaged in connection with the under 16 is forbidden, which is stricter than World Bank strictly in accordance with the Labor Law. Project. No child over the ESS. The law requires special protection on child labor, minimum age and under the age and prohibits child labor to work in a number of of 18 will be employed or engaged dangerous jobs such as mining, in hazardous or toxic in connection with the Project in a circumstance, or jobs with certain level of working manner that is likely to be intensity. hazardous or interfere with the The Rules for Special Protection of Child Labor clearly child’s education or be harmful to describes the scope of works prohibited to child labor the child’s health or physical, that detriment to their health or physical, mental, mental, spiritual, moral or social spiritual, moral or social development. It requires all development employers must register with local labor authority on their employment of child labor, and carry out health examination for child labor prior to working and regularly on a six-month basis. 6) Forced labor will not be used in The Labor Law explicitly prohibits the use of forced The right protection system for migrant workers of the Consistent

27 connection with the Project. labor, and declares illegality of any forced labor Project Headquarters stipulates that if the management contract. It also explicitly lists use of labor using force, staff of the employer gives a command against rules or threat or illegal restriction of personal freedom, or by orders any risky operation, workers shall have the right of insulting, physical punishment, hitting, unlawful refusal. search/detention as crimes that subject to criminal The person liable shall be punished according to law, or charges. held criminally liable if the employer: 1) forces workers to work by means of violence, threat or restriction of personal freedom; or 2) insults, physically punishes, beats, illegally searches or detains workers. When recruiting workers, the employer shall not collect any deposit, mortgage or other improper money, or detain any ID card, temporary residence permit, driving license, qualification certificate, etc. 7) The Project will comply with The Labor Law explicitly states that labor is entitled to Not specified Consistent national law with respect to the right of joining or organizing labor union which will CIRC should assist workers’ rights to form and to join work independently to represent and protect the legal workers in establishing workers’ organizations of their rights of labors. It also clarifies the responsibilities of a workers’ organization, choosing and to bargain labor union representing and safeguarding the lawful and conduct training collectively without interference. rights and interests of workers. Workers participate in and publicity, so that the democratic management or consult with employers trade union becomes about safeguarding their lawful rights and interests by the formal organization means of staff meetings and the workers’ that protects the worker representative conferences. rights and interests. The Labor Law and the Labor Contract Law support the collective contract for which collective bargaining on terms of employment will be conducted by the labor union or the representatives of labor. 8) A grievance redress mechanism The Labor Law stipulates that the employer may The right protection system for migrant workers of the Consistent must be established for all direct establish a labor dispute mediation committee headed Project Headquarters requires that the labor supervisor of and contract workers. It aims to by a trade union representative, and composed of the project department shall communicate the lawful rights solve relevant issues immediately representatives of the workers, employer and trade and interests of workers, and the protection channel through a simple and transparent union. Any agreement reached after mediation should irregularly, including: procedure, and provide a be performed by the parties concerned. If mediation 1) Inquiry: When any of the rights and interests of a worker feedback channel in a language fails, and either party requests arbitration, an is infringed on, he shall ask a competent authority or legal understood by them (no reprisal). application may be filed with the labor dispute expert for advice, such as calling the national human The mechanism shall be arbitration committee; if the arbitration award is not resources and social security service hotline 12333; implemented in an independent accepted, either party may bring a suit in a people’s 2) Evidence collection: When any of the rights and interests and objective manner, and shall court. of a worker is infringed on, he shall collect sufficient not prevent the staff from seeking favorable evidence, such as labor contract, pay slip, ID

28 any remedy by other judicial or card, attendance records, and testimonies; administrative means. 3) Consultation: After a labor dispute occurs, the worker may talk directly to the head of the employer to look for a solution, and both parties may sign a written agreement to settle the dispute; 4) Mediation: If consultation fails, the worker may apply for mediation with the labor dispute mediation committee within 30 days, or with any other third party statutory mediation organization. 5) Appeal: When any of the rights and interests of a worker is infringed on, he may also file an appeal with the government authority, trade union, women’s federation, etc. in accordance with the Regulations on Letters and Visits. 9) In the Project, occupation The Labor Law stipulates that the employer must The Safety Management Volume of the CIRC Project Consistent health and safety measures shall establish a sound labor safety and health system, Management Standardization Handbook requires that be designed and taken, and a safe comply strictly with the applicable state regulations and potential risks be identified, a safety inspection conducted, working environment established standards, and offer relevant education to workers to especially in high-risk sub-works, and a reply given to the and maintained, and relevant prevent accidents and reduce occupational hazards. inspecting agency timely, so that all on-site staff is aware of training and personal protection The employer must provide labor safety and health hazards and preventive measures. equipment shall be provided to conditions that meet the national standards, and The right protection system for migrant workers of the project workers for free. necessary labor protection articles to workers, and Project Headquarters stipulates that the employer shall arrange regular health checkups for workers doing jobs comply strictly with the state regulations and standards on with occupational hazard. Workers doing special jobs work safety and health, and provide necessary labor must be trained and qualified specially. protection articles to workers. The employer shall provide healthy and safe food and residences to workers, and workers shall comply strictly with the labor safety and health regulations. 10) In the Project, all reasonable The Labor Law stipulates that an employment contract The Measures for the Management of Sporadic efforts shall be made to ensure defines the relationship between the worker and the Employment of CIRC stipulate that a sporadic employment that any third party employing employer, and their respective rights and obligations. leading group headed by the project manager, co-headed contract workers is a lawful and The employment contract shall be entered into and by the leader in charge of the project department, and reliable entity, and a labor changed on the basis of equality, voluntariness and composed of members from sections shall be established management procedure suitable consensus in accordance with the applicable laws and to handle relevant issues. Sporadic employment shall be for the Project established for administrative regulations. The Labor Law stipulates managed and supervised carefully and factually. performance management and that if the employer violates any law, regulation or monitoring. contract, the trade union shall have the right to raise an objection; the trade union shall provide support if the worker applies for arbitration or files a suit.

29 5 Poverty Analysis 5.1 Current situation of poverty 5.1.1 Chuzhou City There are 5 counties / county-level cities of development-oriented poverty alleviation in Chuzhou City, namely Dingyuan County, , City, Lai’an County and Quanjiao County, in which Dingyuan County is a province-level poor county. There are 123 poor villages in the city (70 in Dingyuan County, 21 in Fengyang County, 12 in Mingguang City, 11 in Lai’an County and 9 in Quanjiao County), and a poor population of 197,484. In 2018, 21 poor villages were no longer poor villages, and a poor population of 28,362 eliminated. It is planned to further eliminate a poor population of 13,000 in 2019, and fully eliminate poor population in 2020. In Chuzhou City, poor families are small, poverty incidence is low, poverty alleviation is fast, there are diversified causes of poverty, especially diseases, education and disability, and poor population is scattered. By the end of December 2018, Nanjing had a rural low-income population of 12,000 with per capita annual disposable income of below 9,000 yuan, and 68 underdeveloped villages with stable annual income of below 1 million yuan. 5.1.2 Project area (county, township and village levels) Among the 5 project districts / counties, only two (Lai’an and Quanjiao Counties) have a poor population, as detailed below 1) Lai’an County is one of the 70 counties of development-oriented poverty alleviation of Anhui Province, with 11 poor villages, a rural population of 416,500, a poor population of 18,052 and a poverty incidence of 4.33%. By the end of December 2018, all the 11 poor villages were no longer poor villages. Currently, it has a poor population of 1,985 and a poverty incidence of 1.14%. In 2019, a poor population of 1,252 will be eliminated. 2) Quanjiao County is one of the 5 counties of development-oriented poverty alleviation of Chuzhou City, with 9 poor villages, a poor population of 17,865 and a poverty incidence of 3.9%. By the end of December 2018, all the 9 poor villages were no longer poor villages. Currently, it has a poor population of 1,815 and a poverty incidence of 0.4%. In 2019, a poor population of 1,400 will be eliminated. 3) Nanqiao District has no poor population, but has been providing assistance to residents in difficulty as ordered by the municipal government since 2016. 3,804 residents in difficulty from 2,136 households in Longting Community in Shahe Town, Dalin Village in Shiji Town and Taipingji Village in Zhangguang Town have been identified as subjects of assistance. The 4 residents in difficulty from one household newly identified in 2018 will be included in the scope of assistance in 2019. 4) Langya District has no task of development-oriented poverty alleviation and no poor population. 5) Pukou District has no task of development-oriented poverty alleviation and no poor population.

Table 5-1 Distribution of local poor population Division Poor villages Poor households Poor population Poverty incidence Lai’an County 0 891 1985 1.14% Quanjiao County 0 802 1815 0.4% Nanqiao District 0 0 0 0 Langya District 0 0 0 0 Pukou District 0 0 0 0 Total (project area) 0 1693 3800 0.4% Chuzhou City 0 7822 19496 0.55%

5.1.3 MLS At the end of 2018, Chuzhou had 1.518 million registered MLS subjects, including 149,000 urban ones and 1.369 million rural ones, MLS benefits totaling 188.973 million yuan were paid to urban MLS subjects, and MLS benefits totaling 416.892 million yuan were paid to rural MLS subjects. Nanjing had 63,126 registered MLS subjects, including 27,871 urban ones and 35,255 rural ones, MLS benefits totaling 270.588 million yuan were paid to urban MLS subjects, and MLS benefits totaling 25.924 million yuan were paid to rural MLS subjects.

30 There were 28,947 MLS households with 460,769 persons in the project area, including 19,035 MLS rural households with 385,499 persons, and 9,912 urban MLS households with 75,270 persons. See Table 6-3.

Table 5-2 Local MLS population Rural MLS Urban MLS Percentage to Percentage to Division HHs Population agricultural HHs Population nonagricultural population (%) population (%) Lai’an County 7236 155050 41.1 3586 12761 4.1 Quanjiao County 8462 162056 46.6 3031 27828 4.4 Nanqiao District 2033 53975 32.3 918 15239 2.2 Langya District 574 11580 20 2114 18520 1.9 Pukou District 730 2838 1.8 263 922 0.5 Total (project area) 19035 385499 28.4 9912 75270 2.6 Chuzhou City 62776 1369123 42 20799 149167 2.9 Nanjing City 8820 35255 1.8 7963 27871 0.6 Source: Statistical Bulletins 2018 on National Economic and Social Development of Chuzhou and Nanjing Cities, county / district statistics

5.2 Causes of poverty In the project districts / counties, poverty still exists in Lai’an and Quanjiao Counties, and their causes of poverty are similar. 1) Historical and geographic factors: The project area has much hilly land, and less usable land and available resources, and is undeveloped and backward. 2) Poverty alleviation work should be further strengthened. Some officials have taken limited substantial and pertinent assistance measures, and some are unfamiliar with relevant policies. 3) Poor households are not clearly aware of poverty alleviation policies. 4) Poverty alleviation by industry development is not effective enough, and is limited to traditional crop cultivation and stockbreeding. 5) Poor households are not fully motivated, and do not have sufficient measures for poverty alleviation. 6) There are deficiencies in the management of small-amount poverty alleviation loans. Due to the lack of supervision, some poor households have not used loans for development, but for enjoyment.

5.3 Local poverty reduction measures In general, local poverty reduction measures mainly include the following: 1) Industrial development: Industries suited to local conditions should be developed to promote local poverty reduction, especially characteristic crop cultivation and stockbreeding combined with e-commerce. 2) Tourism: Tourism will be developed based on local conditions. 5 villages have been identified as key villages for poverty alleviation by tourism. Service jobs such as security guard and cleaner have been developed, and 329 poor residents newly employed. 3) Ecological conservation: Since the beginning of 2018, 47 forestry enterprises has transferred 1,197 mu of land of poor households, and employed 469 poor residents. Rural domestic wastewater collection and treatment facility construction, domestic waste transfer facility construction, integrated stockbreeding waste utilization, and rural drinking safety projects have been implemented in 40 villages, including 5 poor villages. 4) Health: In 2018, 58,625 men-times of poor population in Chuzhou were hospitalized, with total expenses of 317 million yuan, in which 286 million yuan was reimbursed under medical insurance, accounting for 90.22%. 5) Education: In the spring semester of 2018, 21,582 men-times of poor students were subsidized 19.4144 million yuan by the state, and 25,536 men-times of poor students subsidized 23.4254 million yuan by the local government; in the autumn semester of 2018, 20,819 men-times of poor students were subsidized 19.3197 million yuan, and 26,894 men-times of poor students subsidized 19.6374 million yuan by the local government.

31 6) Infrastructure construction: 10,179 dilapidated houses of poor households have been reconstructed, safe drinking water supplied to a poor population of 31,000, and rural highways of 1,141.3km improved. 7) Social security: The rural MLS standard was increased from 3,840 yuan (320 yuan per month) in 2017 to 4,800 (400 yuan per month) in 2018, higher than the poverty alleviation standard of 3,500 yuan per annum. 8) Social efforts: A social poverty alleviation project bank has been established. By the end of October 2018, 478 social poverty alleviation projects had been established. Among them, 433 have been claimed to date, accounting for 91%. Enterprises are actively guided to provide assistance to villages. By the end of October 2018, 535 enterprises had invested 1.055 billion yuan in total.

5.4 Needs of the poor for the Project It can be seen that the Project will affect and serve a poor population of over 3,000 only. Only if the special needs of poor people are met, their suggestions accepted, and the Project’s potential negative impacts on them evaded can they truly benefit from the Project. The task force identified their needs during the fieldwork, and has proposed suggestions accordingly. 1) Demand for employment: 89% of the poor respondents are willing to get employed under the Project. Unskilled jobs generated at the construction and operation stages of the Project will be first made available to them, such as station cleaner and security guard.

Interview 5-1: Ms Cai, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (59 years): “My son is disabled, and I have to take care of him, so I can only do odd jobs nearby. I want to do odd jobs during project construction, and be a cleaner after it is completed.”

2) Demand for fare discounts: Poor households expect subway fare discounts, preferably 20% of ordinary fares or even free.

Interview 5-2: Mr. Li, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (67 years): “MLS households expect lower fares, preferably half of ordinary fares or even free.”

5.5 Impacts of the Project on the poor The Project will involve LA, where relatively poor villages and people are often disadvantaged in using compensation, benefiting from the Project and adapting to new lifestyle, so their poverty may be aggravated. Local prices may rise after project completion, thereby increasing living costs of poor households. In view of this, the following measures have been planned to avoid further impoverishment and ensure that poor population benefits equally from the Project: 1) Offering direct and indirect job opportunities to increase income: Job opportunities generated directly by the Project: Some temporary or permanent jobs will be generated at the construction and operation stages, such as material transport, bricklaying and cooking, which will be first made available to local poor people and other vulnerable groups to increase their income. Job opportunities generated indirectly by the Project: The Project will create a good environment for tourism development, and attract more tourists to the project area, thereby generating more job opportunities indirectly, such as catering, accommodation and cleaning. 2) Improving local traffic infrastructure and reducing traffic accidents: Public traffic will alleviate traffic congestion, reduce traffic accidents and protect local residents’ personal safety to some extent. The Project will reduce the incidence of traffic accident among poor population, and avoid unnecessary medical expenses for them. 3) Promoting local economic development: The Project will improve the environment of the project area greatly, attract investment, and promote local economic development, thereby offering more job opportunities to local residents. This will promote cultural tourism development in the 9 project districts / counties, thereby promoting the development of associated industries, such as catering, hotel and tour guidance, and the employment of local residents, such as hotel and restaurant service, cleaning, cooking, and driving. This will bring more job opportunities to local

32 residents, especially vulnerable groups, and increase their income. 4) Promoting social fairness: The Project will improve the traffic infrastructure and public services of the 4 project districts / counties in Chuzhou City practically, and allow local residents to share economic and social development. The Project will not only provide the poor population of the project area with better living experiences, such as convenient traffic, but also bring more development opportunities to poor population. It can be said that the Project will benefit local residents, including a large poor population, and enable them to share social development achievements.

33 6 Social Gender Analysis 6.1 Local female population At the end of 2017, Chuzhou City had a resident population of 4.542 million, an increase of 32,000 year on year, including 2.358 million males and 2.185 million females, with a gender ration of 107:100. The 5 project districts / counties have a total population of 1.838 million, including 899,000 females, accounting for 48.9%, with a gender ratio of 104:100. Among the 5 project districts / counties, Langya District has the highest proportion of female population of 50.17%, and Quanjiao County has the lowest proportion of 48.35%. Quanjiao County has the highest gender ratio of 107, and Langya District has the lowest ratio of 99. See Table 6-1.

Table 6-1 Local female population Population Males Females Percentage Gender ratio Division HHs (0,000) (0,000) (0,000) (0,000) of females (female = 100) Chuzhou City 143.1 454.2 235.8 218.5 48.11% 107 Project area 66 183.8 93.8 89.9 48.9% 104 Nanqiao District 10 27.5 13.9 13.5 49.1% 103 Langya District 10.6 28.3 14.1 14.2 50.17% 99 Lai’an County 17.2 49.1 25.1 24 48.88% 104 Quanjiao County 16.1 45.7 23.6 22.1 48.35% 107 Pukou District 12.1 33.2 17.1 16.1 48.49% 106 Source: statistical yearbooks and statistical bulletins on national economic and social development

6.2 Current situation of local women To learn local women’s development, the task force conducted a questionnaire survey, with 177 female respondents, accounting for 44.3% of all samples. 6.2.1 Age composition Among the respondents, those aged 18-24 years account for 26.75%, being 56.1% and 43.9% for males and females respectively. Among the females, those aged 45-54 years are the most, followed by those aged 18-24 years, and those aged 65 years or above are the least. See Figure 6-1.

调查样本的性别、年龄分布

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65及以上 男 60 30 37 46 26 24

女 47 36 28 24 24 18

男 女

Figure 6-1 Age and gender distribution of samples

6.2.2 Educational level 28.25% and 26.55% of the female and male respondents have received junior high school education respectively; 11.86% of the females have received junior college or above education, lower than that of the males of 21.08%; 26.55% of the females have received primary school education, significantly higher than that of the males of 19.28%, 12.99% of the females are illiterate, significantly higher than that of the males of 5.83%. It can be seen that there are significant differences in educational level between the males and females, and the overall educational level of the females is lower than that of the males. See Table 6-2.

34

Table 6-2 Educational levels of samples by gender Male Female Total Educational level N Percent N Percent N Percent Junior college or above 47 21.08% 21 11.86% 68 17.00% Senior high school / 57 25.56% 39 22.03% 96 24.00% secondary technical school Junior high school 63 28.25% 47 26.55% 110 27.50% Primary school 43 19.28% 47 26.55% 90 22.50% Illiterate 13 5.83% 23 12.99% 36 9.00% Total 223 100% 177 100% 400 100%

6.2.3 Occupation composition More than half of the male and female respondents are farmers, showing no significant gender difference. Among the females, the proportions of civil servants, workers of public institutions and employees of are lower than those of the males, showing an obvious division of labor by gender, where males deal with external affairs, while females with internal affairs mainly. According to interviews, women do farm work and housework mainly, and even those employed work at nearby enterprises or in the slack season. Men usually enjoy higher family status than women.

Table 6-3 Occupations of samples by gender Male Female Total Occupation N Percent N Percent N Percent Civil servant 4 1.79% 1 0.56% 5 1.25% Worker of public institution 47 21.08% 41 23.16% 88 22.00% Employee of enterprise 35 15.70% 16 9.04% 51 12.75% Self-employer 6 2.69% 6 3.39% 12 3.00% Freelancer 12 5.38% 11 6.21% 23 5.75% Unemployed 0 0.00% 5 2.82% 5 1.25% Student 51 22.87% 35 19.77% 86 21.50% Retiree 5 2.24% 8 4.52% 13 3% Farmer 60 26.91% 52 29.38% 112 28.00% Other 3 0.013452915 2 1.13% 5 1.25% Total 223 100% 177 100% 400 100%

6.2.4 Social status 1) Women support the Project more strongly than men. In the question “Is the Project important for your family?”, 60.4% of the female respondents choose “very important”, higher than that of the males (34.5%). Good public traffic will make it more convenient for women to take children to and from school, buy necessities and handle family affairs. See Figure 6-2.

项目建设对家庭重要程度的性别差异

70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 非常重要 重要 一般

男 34.50% 55.20% 10.30%

女 60.40% 35.60% 6.70%

男 女

Figure 6-2 Importance of the Project for the family by gender

35 2) Local women’s social status has improved, and the proportion of women participating in political affairs is increasing. In recent years, through active efforts of government agencies, women’s federations and public welfare organizations (or international organizations), local women have more opportunities to participate in public affairs, and enjoy public services and supporting policies. In the 4 project districts / counties, women’s social status is improving gradually, and the number of women participating in political affairs is increasing. To promote women’s participation in decision-making and management, local women’s federations have enacted and improved relevant policies. Measures have been taken to increase the percentage of women in people’s congress and political consultative conference members at all levels. There is at least one female official in the leadership of each government at or above the county level, and the number of female officials in leadership of the departments under township governments is increasing gradually. The percentage of female members in corporate boards of directors and supervisors, and management levels, and female deputies in workers’ and teachers’ congresses is increasing gradually. All village committees have female members, 11.99% of village heads are women, and about 50% of staff members of community committees are women. Women’s economic participation has been activated. 1) Local governments and social organizations have built innovation and startup service platforms for women, and motivated women to participate in innovation and startup; 2) The businesswomen’s association has absorbed new members, and organized businesswomen to attend learning tours, training courses and exchanges. Further implement the women’s poverty alleviation action. 1) A donation activity was organized, with over 150,000 yuan donated to poor households in Dingyuan County. Volunteers were organized to send stationery and necessities to left-behind children and poor households in Sunji Village; 2) A national assistance fund of 1.117 million yuan for rural breast cancer and cervical cancer patients was obtained, providing assistance to 117 poor patients. A health knowledge workshop was held for rural women. A volunteer diagnosis activity was conducted in Sunji Village to provide free health checkup and medical consulting services to villagers. 3) 44 rural female poverty alleviation leaders and 35 rural female poverty alleviation masters were elected. More and more public activities oriented to women in the project area will certainly provide women with more opportunities to participate in public affairs, improve their ability to participate in social activities, increase their technical, social and material capital, and make it possible to increase their income, and elevate their family and social status.

6.3 Women’s needs and expectations At the preparation stage, the Chuzhou and district / county PMOs, design agency, and task force learned local women’s needs and suggestions by means of FGD, interview, etc. 6.3.1 Relationship between women and traffic 1) Women’s traffic modes The main traffic mode of local women is walk (32.2%), followed by bus (26.3%) and electric bicycle (23.7%). Local women would take intercity trains when going to Nanjing, and travel by electric bicycle, walk and bicycle in daily life. See Table 6-4.

Table 6-4 Traffic modes of samples by gender Female Male Indicator Mode Frequency Percent Mode Frequency Percent Walk 57 32.2% Walk 64 28.7% 1st Electric bicycle 49 27.7% Electric bicycle 61 27.4% Bus 48 27.1% Bus 66 29.6% 2nd Electric bicycle 42 23.7% Electric bicycle 60 26.9% Walk 53 29.9% Walk 61 27.4% 3rd Bus 50 28.2% Bus 51 22.9%

The existing traffic networks of the 4 project districts / counties are unsound, and cannot meet local women’s daily traffic demand, especially on holidays. Since local women are responsible for taking children to and from school, and buying necessities, they generally support the Project, and have raised expectations for pavement quality, infrastructure, public traffic construction, fares, etc. 2) Women’s overall evaluation of the current traffic situation

36 61.01% of the female respondents think the current traffic situation is ordinary, 9.6% think that there are serious traffic problems, and 29.37% think there is no serious traffic problem. Women think that the main traffic problems are unsound means of transport, and limited numbers of bus routes and bus runs.

女性对交通问题的总体评价

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 非常严重 严重 一般 不严重 非常不严重 Series1 0 9.6 61.01 26.55 2.82

Figure 6-3 Overall evaluation of traffic problems among women

6.3.2 Women support the Project more strongly and are more confident in the Project. 51.98% of the female respondents highly support the Project, higher than that of the males (42.61%). The Project will greatly shorten the traffic time between Chuzhou and Nanjing, making it possible to complete a round trip in a day, and women can go to Nanjing for travel and shopping conveniently. See Figure 6-4.

您支持本项目建设么

60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 非常支持 支持 无所谓 男 42.60% 56.50% 0.80%

女 51.90% 45.10% 2.80%

男 女

Figure 6-4 Support for the Project

Interview 6-1: Ms Zhang, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (39 years) We women highly support the Project, because after its completion, we can play and shop in Nanjing with children, and more importantly, return home on the same day.

6.3.3 Women expect more employment and income increasing opportunities from the Project. Some unskilled jobs will be generated at the construction and operation stages, and some are suitable for women. Some local women have moved from rural areas to nearby communities for their children’s school education, and do some odd jobs there. After the completion of the Project, some unskilled jobs will be generated, and local women wish to do such jobs to increase income

37 while taking care of families.

Interview 6-2: Ms Li, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (39 years) We moved here from the village for my child’s school education. The house is bought with a loan. I do odd jobs in the community, and earn 700-800 yuan per month. When the subway is completed, I want to do a cleaning job there.

6.3.4 Women have a strong demand for public participation. It can be seen from the survey that local women’s social status is still lower than that of men, and participate in such public activities as compensation receipt, major decision-making, skills training and traffic safety publicity at a low level. Over half of the female respondents have not attended training on traffic safety. See Figure 6-5.

您是否参加过交通安全的相关培训

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 参加过 没参加过 女 43.5 56.4

Figure 6-5 Have you attended traffic safety training?

Local women are generally willing to participate in such activities, and expect that greater attention be paid to their needs and interests in such activities, especially those of middle-aged and old women (their educational levels are lower).

Interview 6-3: Ms Wu, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (38 years) I’m a housewife. My husband would attend community meetings. I also want to attend such meetings, and expect the government to create more opportunities for women.

6.4 Project impacts on women 6.4.1 Positive impacts 1) Improving local traffic In the project area, many rural young laborers (especially male laborers) would outside, leaving old people and women behind. The Project will benefit left-behind old people and women in many ways after completion. After its completion, it will take about 40 minutes to go from Chuzhou to Nanjing, further strengthening connections between the two cities and promoting regional integrated development. It will also reduce traffic costs, and alleviate traffic burden for middle-aged and old women. 2) Providing a safer and more convenient traffic environment to women After the completion of the Project, women will go out more conveniently, safely and comfortably, and their traffic costs and times will be reduced, so that they will have more time for production or leisure. 3) Creating nonagricultural job opportunities for women to increase their income Some temporary jobs will be made available to women and poor residents at the construction stage, such as pavement construction and cooking, to increase their income. Some unskilled jobs will be made available to them after completion, such as cleaner and security guard.

38 4) Encouraging women’s participation, and promoting women’s development The Bank always encourages the participation of women, and pays attention to the protection of women’s rights and interests. During project implementation, an incentive mechanism for women to participate in public affairs will be established in each affected village, thereby further involving women in the Project, and creating more development opportunities to them. In addition, special traffic safety and knowledge training will be offered to women to improve their participation awareness, and promote their long-term development. The survey shows that the female respondents are highly willing to participate in such public activities. 6.4.2 Negative impacts Although the Project will benefit women in some aspects, if social gender sensitivity is insufficient at the design, construction and operation stages, women’s needs may be neglected or their benefits from the Project reduced. The main risks include: 1) Women’s participation level in the Project is low, and their needs are likely to be ignored. Local women’s social status is still lower than that of men. Most major family decisions are made by men, and most participants in public affairs are still men. Thus, women’s needs and suggestions are likely to be ignored at the design, construction and operation stages. Over half of the female respondents have not attended training on traffic safety. 2) Women’s rights in receiving compensation and getting employed can hardly be protected. In compensation distribution, some women cannot sign to receive compensation because they are not household heads. Therefore, they are likely to be passive in using compensation. At the construction and operation stages, female laborers are likely to be treated unfairly, such as recruitment, reward and labor protection.

Interview 6-4: Ms Liu, Dawang Community, Langya District (48 years) I usually take care of my grandson, cook and do cleaning at home. Community meetings are usually attended by men.

3) Women’s agricultural income is reduced due to LA. LA under the Project may affect women’s living standard directly because land-based income will be reduced, and farm products have to be bought from the market. If land-appropriated women cannot find suitable jobs, their income will be reduced, and their financial burden increased. 4) Strengthening traffic safety publicity and education Local women and old people are generally poorly educated, and lack traffic safety knowledge, so they are exposed to risks. However, they are often excluded from traffic safety training. In addition, women may have no time or effort to attend such training due to the heavy burden of farming and housework. As a result, women will not be able to benefit from the Project. 5) Potential sexual harassment on means of public transport Although local female teachers, students, doctors, patients and residents support the Project, they have a worry about sexual harassment in subway traffic. 1) Sexual harassment is more likely to occur on subway trains and buses during the morning and evening peak hours in summer, when subway trains and buses are crowded, and women less dressed; 2) Victims are mostly women. Some of them would resist when harassed, such as scolding and evasion, but most of them would submit to humiliation; 3) Harassers are mostly men, who would touch a woman’s breasts and hips, or hit or rub a woman’s body with the sexual organ. The Gender Action Plan and Social Action Plan of the Project have been developed in consultation with the PMOs, IAs, local women’s federations and other agencies concerned. See Table 7-1.

39 7. Social Action Plan and Implementation 7.1 Organizational setup and responsibilities for social management In order to ensure the successful implementation of resettlement as expected, an organizational structure must be established at the implementation stage to plan, coordinate and monitor resettlement activities. Since resettlement is a comprehensive task that requires the cooperation of different agencies, the departments concerned will participate in and support resettlement implementation. Since May 2018, the resettlement agencies have been established successively, and their responsibilities defined. See Figure 7-1. ➢ Chuzhou Municipal Government ➢ Chuzhou PMO ➢ CIRC ➢ Chuzhou Municipal Natural Resources Bureau ➢ Lai’an County Government ➢ Nanqiao District Government ➢ Chahe Town Government ➢ Shuikou Town Government ➢ Yaopu Town Government ➢ Village / community committees ➢ Affected households / entities ➢ Design agency ➢ External M&E agency Other agencies: housing construction bureau, HD management office, transport bureau, women’s federation, civil affairs bureau, labor and social security bureau, etc. ➢ Chuzhou Municipal Government Responsible mainly for organizing the resettlement of the Project, formulating policies on resettlement activities of the Project, and coordinating relations among the resettlement agencies at all levels ➢ Chuzhou PMO 1) Implementing major decisions made by the leading group 2) Responsible for overall project management, coordination, supervision and direction 3) Contacting the competent state, provincial and municipal authorities, and coordinating with the Bank and the consulting agency 4) Implementing legal documents signed with the Bank, and reporting project progress to the leading group and the Bank 5) Appointing a resettlement consulting agency to prepare the RAP 6) Appointing an external M&E agency to conduct external M&E ➢ CIRC 1) Coordinating the design agency with other agencies at the preparation stage 2) Coordinating the progress of project construction and resettlement 3) Reporting and supervising the resettlement fund disbursement plan 4) Coordinating the work of the resettlement agencies 5) Raising resettlement funds 6) Disbursing resettlement funds 7) Implementing resettlement specifically 8) Tracking the disbursement of resettlement funds

40 9) Handling grievances and appeals from APs 10) Assisting in external monitoring activities 11) Collecting and compiling data required for internal monitoring reporting 12) Managing resettlement files ➢ County / district and township governments 1) Participating in the DMS 2) Participating in the calculation of compensation for AHs 3) Participating in compensation payment 4) Participating in the handling of grievances and appeals from APs 5) Participating in housing land allocation 6) Participating in skills training for APs 7) Responsible for the implementation of employment measures for APs ➢ Design agency 1) Reducing resettlement impacts by optimizing the project design 2) Determining the range of LA impacts

Chuzhou Municipal Government

External M&E Chuzhou PMO agency Competent authorities

District / county governments District / county natural resources and planning bureaus

Affected entities Affected townships / villages

AHs

Figure 7-1 Organizational chart for the Social Action Plan

7.2 Social Action Plan For the potential negative impacts of the Project, the task force has developed the Social Action Plan based on the fieldwork and through consultation with stakeholders. 7.2.1 Reducing LA and HD risks a) Develop a detailed RAP; b) Pay special attention to the income restoration of vulnerable groups in the RAP.

41 7.2.2 Increasing the local minimum wage standard and controlling housing prices after completion For the rise of commodity and housing prices arising from the Project: a) The PMO should stabilize commodity prices, and raise the local minimum wage standard together with the competent authorities; b) The competent authorities should control housing prices, prohibit speculation, and also offer low-rent housing, rental subsidies, etc. 7.2.3 Scheduling subway operations rationally, and offering fare discounts Local residents are generally concerned about subway frequency, starting and ending times, fares, etc.: a) The time of the last high-speed train is 20:20 p.m., so that of the last subway train should be 22:00-23:00 p.m., and there should be a train every 5 or 10 minutes; b) Fares that can be afforded by residents are below 10 yuan. The municipal transport bureau should offer discounts to vulnerable groups. 7.2.4 Simplifying discount card application and use Although bus discounts are available, most people are not entitled to such discounts because they don’t know the application procedure, especially vulnerable groups: a) The subway operator should strengthen publicity on discounts and simplify the application procedure; b) Discount cards for vulnerable groups should have no clear identification in order not to hurt the self-esteem of vulnerable residents, especially the disabled. 7.2.5 Meeting resident needs for station facilities Subway station facilities: a) Escalators should be provided, and the maintenance of elevators strengthened for the convenience of the disabled; b) A special passage for the disabled should be provided; c) Volunteers should be assigned to help old people buy tickets; d) Small car parks should be provided at high-traffic stations to park electric bicycles. 7.2.6 Making jobs first available to local female labor and preventing sexual harassment a) Pay more attention to the employment of surplus female laborers during project construction; b) Make some jobs first available to women to involve more women in the Project; c) A public opinion atmosphere against sexual harassment should be created, a prevention and punishment mechanism established, and relevant laws and regulations amended. 7.2.7 Strengthening the management of external laborers to reduce social risks During project construction, labor will be introduced from other provinces, cities or counties. The influx of non-local laborers will lead to some social and health risks. Construction staff management should be strengthened to prevent social risks. ➢ Strengthen publicity and education on public health and AIDS prevention, and include education on public health and AIDS prevention in construction contracts for effective performance; ➢ Educate construction staff on AIDS and other infectious diseases, and basic communication skills; ➢ Establish a physical checkup mechanism for construction staff (i.e., setting up temporary infirmaries and utilizing local medical resources); ➢ Conduct diversified publicity on AIDS prevention (brochure, poster, album, etc.); ➢ Conduct publicity on local social and cultural customs to reduce potential conflicts. In addition, in order that beneficiaries participate extensively in project construction and supervision, local laborers (including women) will be recruited during construction. ➢ Ensure that not less than 35% of construction laborers are local laborers; ➢ Make unskilled jobs first available to women and other vulnerable groups; ➢ Ensure equal pay to equal work.

42 7.2.8 Taking appropriate measures to reduce construction impacts a) Take appropriate measures to ensure construction safety; b) Screen cultural relics before construction to avoid damages; c) Conduct publicity before construction, and carry out construction in segments to minimize impacts on nearby stores; d) Take measures to control noise; e) Sprinkle access roads regularly to prevent flying dust; f) Set up non-horning signs in densely populated areas, and avoid overnight construction where possible. 7.2.9 Improving the labor and working conditions to protect the lawful rights and interests of laborers a) Project staff should be employed on the basis of equal opportunities and fair treatment, and there should be no discrimination against any personal feature unrelated to the inherent job requirements; b) Appropriate protection and assistance measures should be taken for physical defects of certain workers, such as women, the disabled, migrant workers and children of the legal working age; c) The Labor Law stipulates that workers have the right to establish and join worker organizations, and conduct collective bargaining. The Gender Action Plan and Social Action Plan of the Project have been developed in consultation with the PMOs, IAs, local women’s federations and other agencies concerned. See Table 7-1.

43 Table 7-1 Social Action Plan and Gender Action Plan Risk Measures or actions Actors Time Funding Monitoring indicators 1) LA and HD a) Develop a detailed RAP; PMOs, owner, RAP Preparation, Project a) RAP risks b) Pay special attention to the income restoration of preparation agency, construction budget vulnerable groups in the RAP; external M&E c) Offer temporary residences to APs during the transition agency period. 2) Risks of rise a) Stabilize commodity prices; PMOs, design Construction, Project a) Price levels of daily necessities; of commodity b) Increase the minimum wage standard; agency, contractor, operation budget, b) Minimum wage standard; and housing c) Control housing prices. price control bureau, government c) Rise of housing prices prices housing finance administration bureau 3) Subway fare, a) Subway fares should be 10 yuan or less; PMOs, finance Operation Project a) Subway fares; runtime and b) The time of the last train should be 22:00-23:00 p.m.; bureau, transport budget, b) Subway runtime and frequency; discount c) There should be a train every 5 or 10 minutes; bureau, price control government c) Discount policy; d) Vulnerable groups should be entitled to discounts bureau finance d) Discount card application process through a simplified application process, and discount cards should have no clear identification. 4) Job a) Recruit some female members for PMOs for the PMOs, contractor, Construction Contractor a) Number of vulnerable people doing opportunities convenience of women-related work; labor and social budget unskilled jobs at the construction stage; for vulnerable b) Employ a certain number of female workers for small security bureau, b) Number of vulnerable people doing public groups enterprises, such as waitresses and cleaners; village committees, welfare jobs at the operation stage; c) Offer training for women’s recruitment and employment. local women c) Location, scope and frequency of female d) Make unskilled jobs first available to women and other employees vulnerable groups; e) Ensure equal pay to equal work. 5) Promoting a) Not less than 50% of participants in public participation Design agency, Construction, Project a) Number of public participation activities, women’s activities at the preparation stage should be women; contractor, owner, operation budget, number of female participants, and minutes; participation b) Compensation should be received after signature by a PMOs, county / government b) Number and proportion of female and preventing couple; district agencies finance members, feedback and suggestions; sexual c) Each project agency (PMOs, contractors, etc.) should concerned, township c) Signature of women; harassment have at least one female member; governments, village d) Number of female members in project d) Conduct project publicity at times and locations, and in committees, local agencies; forms suitable for women; women, poor people e) Time, location and mode of publicity and f) Tailor publicity to women’s cognition; training g) A public opinion atmosphere against sexual f) Number of women trained harassment should be created, a prevention and g) Relevant publicity and education, punishment mechanism established, and relevant laws prevention and punishment mechanism, and

44 and regulations amended. relevant laws and regulations 6) Social risks a) Strengthen publicity and education on public health and Contractor, health Construction, Project a) Provisions of construction contract, and AIDS prevention; bureau, owner, operation budget, implementation; b) Include education on public health and AIDS prevention enterprises, budget of b) Number of participants in training on public in construction contracts for effective performance; township health health and AIDS prevention; c) Establish a physical checkup mechanism for governments, village bureau c) Number of health centers; construction staff (i.e., setting up temporary infirmaries and committees d) Quantities of publicity materials on AIDS utilizing local medical resources); prevention at the construction stage; d) Conduct diversified publicity on AIDS prevention e) Quantities of publicity materials on local (brochure, poster, album, etc.); social and cultural customs at the e) Conduct publicity on local social and cultural customs to construction stage reduce potential conflicts. f) Labor agreements should be signed with temporary workers. 7) Construction a) Avoid construction vehicles from affecting surrounding PMOs, contractor Preparation, EMP budget a) Deceleration strips and warning signs; risks crops and threatening personal safety; construction b) Number of tourists per day; b) Minimize the impact of construction on nearby scenic c) Grievances about environmental pollution spots; and handling; c) Take measures to control noise; d) Inclusion of construction safety d) Sprinkle access roads regularly to prevent flying dust; management in construction contracts, and e) Set up non-horning signs in densely populated areas, safety awareness publicity and education; and avoid overnight construction where possible. e) Number of signs and repaired public facilities 8) Improving a) Project staff should be employed on the basis of equal PMOs, contractor Preparation, EMP budget a) Percentage of vulnerable groups the labor and opportunities and fair treatment, and there should be no construction employed; working discrimination against any personal feature unrelated to b) Protective measures for women, the conditions to the inherent job requirements; disabled and child laborers; protect the b) Appropriate protection and assistance measures c) Frequency of training and education on lawful rights should be taken for physical defects of certain workers, workers’ organization; and interests of such as women, the disabled, migrant workers and d) Frequency of collective bargaining laborers children of the legal working age; c) The Labor Law stipulates that workers have the right to establish and join worker organizations, and conduct collective bargaining.

7.3 Public participation plan The following information disclosure and public participation plan has been developed on the basis of the fieldwork through participatory observation. See Table 7-2.

45

Table 7-2 Public participation plan of the Project Stage Item Modes Actors Participants Proposed topics Funding Project TV, broadcast, poster, PMOs, township Local residents, township Disclosing basic project information; information leaflet, village governments, officials, PMOs Collecting comments and suggestions from local Project disclosure congress, village village committees residents; budget meeting, Internet Answering questions of local residents Willingness Village congress, PMOs, consulting Villagers, PMOs, Conducting a willingness survey on site selection; Project survey on site questionnaire survey agency consulting agency A site is selected only if it is approved by over 80% budget selection households in the village.

Preparation Participation in Interview, FGD, PMOs, consulting Villagers, PMOs, Encouraging local residents to give comments and Project project design disclosure agency consulting agency, village suggestions on project design budget committees Disclosing the preliminary design in project villages for comments and suggestions LA Consultation Village committees, Villagers, village Confirming land occupation; Project PMOs committees, PMOs, land Determining the mode of compensation through budget and resources bureau consultation Entering into compensation agreements Construction Villager congress, PMOs, contractor, Villagers, PMOs, Construction schedule; / information bulletin board, poster, village committees contractor, village Construction site distribution; disclosure broadcast committees Main construction impacts; Safety concerns for local residents Contact information of contractor Reduction of Improving relevant PMOs PMOs, contractor Allowing for the passage of local residents during road Project construction programs, and Construction Transport bureau, traffic excavation; budget impacts developing effective agency police, environmental Taking dust and noise reduction measures; mitigation measures Village supervision protection bureau Keeping away from residential areas where possible; committees Village supervision Identifying impacts of temporary land occupation

Construction committees, villager reps. Participation in Village meet, village PMOs, contractor, Villagers, PMOs, Determining jobs generated by the Project; Internal construction congress Village committees contractor, village Determining the selection criteria of construction staff; budget of committees Determining the remuneration system, and skills and contractor safety training for construction staff Management of Expanding safety and PMOs PMOs, contractor Conducting education on public health and AIDS Project migrant workers health publicity, Contractor Health bureau, township prevention, and including this in construction contracts; budget regulating worker Health bureau and community hospitals Conducting physical checkups for construction education and Village supervision Village committees, village workers; management committees supervision committees Strengthen publicity on local social and cultural Local residents Migrant workers, residents customs for non-local workers to reduce potential

46 conflicts Traffic safety Workshop PMOs, transport Villagers, village Improving the traffic safety awareness of local Special education bureau, village committees, transport residents through safety education funds of committees bureau agencies

Operation concerned Grievance TV, broadcast, poster, PMOs, government PMOs, government Disclosing grievance redress information at / redress leaflet, village agencies agencies concerned, appropriate locations; congress, village concerned, village village committees Handling grievances and appeals on site, by letter or meeting, Internet committees by telephone; Collect comments from women, the poor and other vulnerable groups, and ensuring fair and open project implementation

47 8. Grievance Redress and M&E 8.1 Grievance redress In order to learn and address potential impacts on stakeholders at the preparation, construction and operation stages, and ensure extensive public participation, an effective grievance redress mechanism has been established as follows: Stage 1: If any right of any AP is infringed on in any aspect of LA and resettlement, he/she may report this to the village committee, which shall record such appeal and solve it together with the village committee or the AP within two weeks. Stage 2: If the appellant is dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 1, he/she may file an appeal to the district / county PMO, which shall make a disposition within two weeks. Stage 3: If the appellant is still dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 2, he/she may file an appeal to the Chuzhou PMO, which shall make a disposition within two weeks. Stage 4: If the appellant is still dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 3, he/she may bring apply for arbitration with competent administrative agencies level by level in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Law of the PRC. Stage 5: If the appellant is still dissatisfied with the disposition of Stage 4, he/she may bring a suit in a civil court directly in accordance with the Civil Procedure Law of the PRC.

8.2 M&E M&E is an important way to ensure that the Project is implemented as planned, and the Social Action Plan is implemented properly. M&E is also an important error-correcting and participation mechanism for the Project. In view of this, an M&E mechanism has been established for the Project, including internal supervision and external M&E. Internal supervision is conducted by the PMO on project implementation progress, the implementation of the Social Action Plan, progress of information disclosure and public participation, fund use, the implementation of rules and regulations, etc. The PMO will appoint an independent M&E agency to conduct external M&E on the implementation of the Social Action Plan. The external M&E agency will conduct regular M&E, give advice, and submit M&E reports to the Bank.

48 Appendix 1: Summary of FGDs with Residents

Survey date Subject Hour Venue Survey mode and scope Remarks 1) FGD with women: 6 (< 30 years: 2, 30-55 years: 2, > 55 years: 2) Yaopu Nanqiao 2) FGD with old people: 2 (male: 1, female: 1) March 6 14:30 Community, District 3) FGD with minority residents: 1 Yaopu Town 4) FGD with vulnerable groups: 6 (poor residents: 2, disabled persons: 2, MLS subjects: 2) 1) FGD with women: 6 (< 30 years: 2, 30-55 years: 2, > 55 years: 2) Meipu Nanqiao 2) FGD with old people: 2 (male: 1, female: 1) March 6 16:00 Community, District 3) FGD with minority residents: 1 Yaopu Town 4) FGD with vulnerable groups: 6 (poor residents: 2, disabled persons: 2, MLS subjects: 2) Chuzhou 1) FGD with students: 20, female: 10, male: 10 Nanqiao Vocational and 2) FGD with teachers: 10, female: 5 (young: 2, middle-aged: 2, old: 1), male: 5 (young: 2, March 7 9: 30 District Technical middle-aged: 2, old: 1) College 1) FGD with students: 20, female: 10, male: 10 Nanqiao Dawang Junior March 7 14:30 2) FGD with teachers: 10, female: 5 (young: 2, middle-aged: 2, old: 1), male: 5 (young: 2, District High School middle-aged: 2, old: 1) Langya Road 1) FGD with students: 20, female: 10, male: 10 Nanqiao March 8 9: 30 Primary School 2) FGD with teachers: 10, female: 5 (young: 2, middle-aged: 2, old: 1), male: 5 (young: 2, District SCMIP Branch middle-aged: 2, old: 1) 1) FGD with women: 6 (< 30 years: 2, 30-55 years: 2, > 55 years: 2) Dawang March 8 SCMIP 14:30 2) FGD with old people: 2 (male: 1, female: 1) Community 3) FGD with minority residents: 1 1) FGD with women: 6 (< 30 years: 2, 30-55 years: 2, > 55 years: 2) Xiangguan 2) FGD with old people: 2 (male: 1, female: 1) 9:30 Village, Chahe 3) FGD with minority residents: 1 Lai’an Town March 9 4) FGD with vulnerable groups: 6 (poor residents: 2, disabled persons: 2, MLS subjects: 2) County Lai’an County 1) FGD with patients: 10, female: 5, male: 5 14:30 No.2 People’s 2) FGD with hospital staff: 10, female: 5 (young: 2, middle-aged: 2, old: 1), male: 5 (young: 2, Hospital middle-aged: 2, old: 1)

49 Appendix 2: Summary of Interviewees

Chapter Details of interviewees Interview 3-1: Ms Zhang, Meipu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (63 years) Interview 3-2: Mr. Wang, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (28 years) 3 Interview 3-3: Ms Liu, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (35 years) Interview 3-4: Mr. Chen, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (42 years) Interview 4-1: head of Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (45 years) Interview 4-2: Ms Zhao, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (34 years) Interview 4-3: Mr. Zhang, Meipu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (67 years) Interview 4-4: Mr. Chen, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (49 years) 4 Interview 4-5: Mr. Chen, president of Lai’an County No.2 People’s Hospital (48 years) Interview 4-6: Mr. Zhang, teacher of Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College (47 years) Interview 4-7: Ms Wang, Meipu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (59 years) Interview 4-8: Mr. Liu, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (43 years) Interview 5-1: Ms Cai, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (59 years) 5 Interview 5-2: Mr. Li, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (67 years) Interview 6-1: Ms Zhang, Xiangguan Village, Chahe Town, Lai’an County (39 years) Interview 6-2: Ms Li, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (39 years) 6 Interview 6-3: Ms Wu, Yaopu Community, Yaopu Town, Nanqiao District (38 years) Interview 6-4: Ms Liu, Dawang Community, Langya District (48 years)

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