Arachis Hypogaea L
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Peanut Genome Initiative Final Report
2012-2017 PGI Final Report Page | 1 Peanut Genome Initiative 2012-2017 Research Accomplishment Report to the U.S. Peanut Industry December 5, 2017 2012-2017 PGI Final Report Page | 2 Peanut Genome Initiative Research Final Report to the U.S. Peanut Industry October, 2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary ……………………………………………………………….. 3 Highlights of Research Accomplishments ……….………………………………. 6 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………… 7 Research Technical Accomplishment Reports …………..………………………… 9 Component 1: Sequencing and Assembly of Peanut Genomes ……….……….. 9 Component 2: Developing Maps and Markers for finding QTL ………….…… 8 Component 3: Developing Markers for Specific Genes in QTL ……………… 15 Component 4: Evaluating New Sequencing and Assembly Technologies ….… 17 Component 5: Identifying Breeding Lines with QTL for Key Traits ……..…. 18 Component 6: Creating On-line Tools for Genome Assisted Breeding ………. 23 Where Do We go From Here? …………..……………………………………… 29 Appendices: ………………………………………………………………..……… 34 Appendix 1: Examples of Funding Leading to Additional Grant and Project Support …………..……………………………………… 34 Appendix 2: Meetings Sponsored by PGI ……………………………………… 35 Appendix 3: Examples of Key Traits That Reside in a Given Wild Arachis Species ………………………………………….……… 36 Appendix 4: Research Publications by PGI members & Associates Relevant to PGP ……………………………………………….. 37 Appendix 5: Sponsors Who Have Provided Financial Support for the Peanut Genome Initiative ………………….…………………….. 50 Appendix 6: Members of the Peanut Genome Consortium ……..……………. 52 Appendix 7: Terms and Definitions ………………………………………….. 53 2012-2017 PGI Final Report Page | 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Unlocking the Door to a Limitless Future: The Peanut Genome Initiative (PGI) In 2012, the U.S. peanut industry charged The Peanut Foundation with initiating a research program to map the genetic code of the peanut plant. The Peanut Genome Initiative (PGI) was — and remains — the largest research project ever funded by our industry, with the $6M cost shared equally among growers, shellers and manufacturers. -
Peanuts and Prestige on the Peruvian North Coast: the Archaeology of Peanuts at Huaca Gallinazo (V-59) and Huaca Santa Clara (V-67)
PEANUTS AND PRESTIGE ON THE PERUVIAN NORTH COAST: THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF PEANUTS AT HUACA GALLINAZO (V-59) AND HUACA SANTA CLARA (V-67) by Lindi Jaclyn Masur B.A. (Hons), The University of Western Ontario, 2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Anthropology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2012 © Lindi Jaclyn Masur, 2012 i ABSTRACT This thesis explores the role that a single species of plant, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), played in pre-Hispanic North Coast communities of the Andes. Through a literature review of ethnohistoric accounts, Moche iconographic interpretation, and nutritional analysis, I explore the symbolic importance of the peanut, as well as other special properties that may have contributed to peanuts’ luxury status in the pre-Hispanic North Coast. This study documents the peanut’s use not only as a comestible, but also as a prestige good used in competitive feasts and for veneration of the dead. I show how the peanut was used both practically and symbolically in order to create and reify status differences between elites and commoners, and how this trend extends into the South Coast. Finally, I provide evidence for peanuts’ prestige association through a case study of the archaeobotanical remains from Huaca Gallinazo (V-59) and Huaca Santa Clara (V-67), two important Early Intermediate Period sites located in the Virú Valley and that were part of the Virú polity. ii PREFACE This research was funded in part by a Joseph-Armand Bombardier CGS – Master’s Award scholarship (award number #766-2011-4276) from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and a University of British Columbia Faculty of Arts Graduate Entrance Scholarship. -
Protected Areas and the Challenge of Conserving Crop Wild Relatives
PARKS 2012 Vol 18.1 PROTECTED AREAS AND THE CHALLENGE OF CONSERVING CROP WILD RELATIVES Danny Hunter1*, Nigel Maxted2, Vernon Heywood3, Shelagh Kell2 and Teresa Borelli1 * Corresponding author, [email protected] 1 Bioversity International, Rome, Italy 2 School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, United Kingdom ABSTRACT Crop wild relatives are a critical resource for sustaining future food security. It is widely recognized that many of the world’s protected areas contain CWR diversity. Despite this, it has not yet proved possible to undertake significant actions to conserve the CWR they contain. Many challenges and obstacles need to be addressed in order to improve this situation. Recent initiatives have started to address these challenges and uncovered some key lessons. Still, the need for action is urgent and the paper concludes by drawing attention to the need for a global approach to conserving priority and threatened CWR in the wild. INTRODUCTION worth noting that the same study found breeders’ use of CWR taxa was increasing year on year, even though it Crop wild relatives (CWR) - wild plant species closely was recognized that they were still far from being related to crops to which they may contribute beneficial systematically exploited. genes - constitute an enormous reservoir of genetic variation for crop improvement and are an important Some idea of the scale of benefits may be obtained from socio-economic resource. Genes from wild plants have published estimates referring to a selected number of provided crops with resistance to many pests and crops. -
Parientes Silvestres De Los Cultivos Manual Para La Conservación in Situ
Parientes Silvestres de los Cultivos Manual para la Conservación In Situ Editado por Danny Hunter y Vernon Heywood AGENCIA SUIZA PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA COOPERACION COSUDE Editado por Danny Hunter Parientes Silvestres de los Cultivos y Vernon Heywood Manual para la Conservación In Situ Parientes Silvestres de los Cultivos Manual para la Conservación In Situ Editado por Danny Hunter y Vernon Heywood Traducción: Alexandra Walter Este libro es una traducción autorizada de Crop wild relatives: a manual of in situ conservation - ISBN: 9781849711791, publicado por Earthscan (Londres, 2011). Fotos en la portada: Agricultores en un campo de quinua en Bolivia, © M. Pinto, Fundación PROINPA; Cucurbitaceas silvestres, Sri Lanka © A. Wijesekara; Arroz silvestre, Oryza nivara, Sri Lanka © R.S.S. Ratnayake ; Ciruelo silvestre, Prunus divaricata, Armenia © A. Lane Cita: Hunter D, Heywood V, editores. 2011. Parientes silvestres de los cultivos: manual para la conservación in situ. Bioversity International, Roma, Italia. 1ª. ed. ISBN 978-92-9043-886-1 © Bioversity International, 2012 Bioversity International Via dei Tre Denari 472/a 00057 Maccarese Roma, Italia Bioversity International es el nombre bajo el cual opera el Instituto Internacional de Recursos Fitogenéticos (IPGRI). Contenido Página Agradecimientos y contribuciones iv Prólogo xv Prefacio xvii Acrónimos xxii Primera Parte: Introducción 1 Introducción y antecedentes 3 2 Los parientes silvestres de los cultivos en los países del proyecto 39 3 ¿Qué es la conservación in situ de los PSC? 57 Segunda -
(Arachis Hypogaea) and Its Most Closely Related Wild Species Using
Annals of Botany 111: 113–126, 2013 doi:10.1093/aob/mcs237, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org A study of the relationships of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and its most closely related wild species using intron sequences and microsatellite markers Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-abstract/111/1/113/182224 by University of Georgia Libraries user on 29 November 2018 Ma´rcio C. Moretzsohn1,*, Ediene G. Gouvea1,2, Peter W. Inglis1, Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli1, Jose´ F. M. Valls1 and David J. Bertioli2 1Embrapa Recursos Gene´ticos e Biotecnologia, C.P. 02372, CEP 70.770-917, Brası´lia, DF, Brazil and 2Universidade de Brası´lia, Instituto de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70.910-900, Brası´lia-DF, Brazil * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 25 June 2012 Returned for revision: 17 August 2012 Accepted: 2 October 2012 Published electronically: 6 November 2012 † Background and Aims The genus Arachis contains 80 described species. Section Arachis is of particular interest because it includes cultivated peanut, an allotetraploid, and closely related wild species, most of which are diploids. This study aimed to analyse the genetic relationships of multiple accessions of section Arachis species using two complementary methods. Microsatellites allowed the analysis of inter- and intraspecific vari- ability. Intron sequences from single-copy genes allowed phylogenetic analysis including the separation of the allotetraploid genome components. † Methods Intron sequences and microsatellite markers were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in section Arachis through maximum parsimony and genetic distance analyses. † Key Results Although high intraspecific variability was evident, there was good support for most species. -
Taxonomy of the Genus Arachis (Leguminosae)
BONPLANDIA16 (Supi): 1-205.2007 BONPLANDIA 16 (SUPL.): 1-205. 2007 TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS ARACHIS (LEGUMINOSAE) by AntonioKrapovickas1 and Walton C. Gregory2 Translatedby David E. Williams3and Charles E. Simpson4 director,Instituto de Botánicadel Nordeste, Casilla de Correo209, 3400 Corrientes, Argentina, deceased.Formerly WNR Professor ofCrop Science, Emeritus, North Carolina State University, USA. 'InternationalAffairs Specialist, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Washington, DC 20250,USA. 4ProfessorEmeritus, Texas Agrie. Exp. Stn., Texas A&M Univ.,Stephenville, TX 76401,USA. 7 This content downloaded from 195.221.60.18 on Tue, 24 Jun 2014 00:12:00 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions BONPLANDIA16 (Supi), 2007 Table of Contents Abstract 9 Resumen 10 Introduction 12 History of the Collections 15 Summary of Germplasm Explorations 18 The Fruit of Arachis and its Capabilities 20 "Sócias" or Twin Species 24 IntraspecificVariability 24 Reproductive Strategies and Speciation 25 Dispersion 27 The Sections of Arachis ; 27 Arachis L 28 Key for Identifyingthe Sections 33 I. Sect. Trierectoides Krapov. & W.C. Gregorynov. sect. 34 Key for distinguishingthe species 34 II. Sect. Erectoides Krapov. & W.C. Gregory nov. sect. 40 Key for distinguishingthe species 41 III. Sect. Extranervosae Krapov. & W.C. Gregory nov. sect. 67 Key for distinguishingthe species 67 IV. Sect. Triseminatae Krapov. & W.C. Gregory nov. sect. 83 V. Sect. Heteranthae Krapov. & W.C. Gregory nov. sect. 85 Key for distinguishingthe species 85 VI. Sect. Caulorrhizae Krapov. & W.C. Gregory nov. sect. 94 Key for distinguishingthe species 95 VII. Sect. Procumbentes Krapov. & W.C. Gregory nov. sect. 99 Key for distinguishingthe species 99 VIII. Sect. -
Genome Amplification 81
Application of high performance compute technology in bioinformatics Sven Warris Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr D. de Ridder Professor of Bioinformatics Wageningen University & Research Co-promotor Dr J.P. Nap Professor of Life Sciences & Renewable Energy Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen Other members Prof. Dr B. Tekinerdogan, Wageningen University & Research Prof. Dr R.C.H.J. van Ham, Delft University of Technology & KeyGene N.V., Wageningen Dr P. Prins, University of Tennessee, USA Prof. Dr R.V. van Nieuwpoort, Netherlands eScience Center, Amsterdam Application of high performance compute technology in bioinformatics Sven Warris Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 22 October 2019 at 4:00 p.m. in the Aula Sven Warris Application of high performance compute technology in bioinformatics, 159 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands (2019) With references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN: 978-94-6395-112-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18174/499180 Table of contents 1 Introduction 9 2 Fast selection of miRNA candidates based on large- scale pre-computed MFE sets of randomized sequences 27 3 Flexible, fast and accurate sequence alignment profiling on GPGPU with PaSWAS 47 4 pyPaSWAS: Python-based multi-core CPU and GPU sequence alignment 67 5 Correcting palindromes in long reads after whole- genome amplification 81 6 Mining functional annotations across species 103 7 General discussion 125 Summary 141 Samenvatting 145 Acknowledgements 149 Curriculum vitae 153 List of publications 155 Propositions 159 7 1 Introduction 9 Advances in DNA sequencing technology In recent years, technological developments in the life sciences have progressed enormously. -
Developing Methodologies for the Global in Situ Conservation of Crop
Developing methodologies for the global in situ conservation of crop wild relatives By Holly A. Vincent A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Biosciences The University of Birmingham June 2016 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT Climate change is predicted to have far-reaching deleterious impacts worldwide; agriculture in particular is expected to be effected by significant loss of suitable land and crop yields in the world’s most populous and poorest regions. Crop wild relatives (CWR) are a rich source of underutilised genetic diversity which could help to mitigate climate change for agriculture through breeding new resilient varieties. However, CWR are under-conserved and threatened in the wild. This thesis researches and develops systematic methodologies to advance knowledge and support action on in situ CWR conservation at the global level. Methods included developing a global inventory of CWR associated with crops important for food security worldwide, species distribution modelling, climate change analysis, in situ gap analysis, reserve planning and prioritisation, and, examining the congruence of CWR distributions with regions of high biodiversity and crop diversity. -
CITOGENÉTICA MOLECULAR DA VARIEDADE BRS PÉROLA BRANCA (Arachis Hypogaea L.) E DE SEUS GENITORES
VANESSA EMANUELLE DE OLIVEIRA MACIEL CITOGENÉTICA MOLECULAR DA VARIEDADE BRS PÉROLA BRANCA (Arachis hypogaea L.) E DE SEUS GENITORES RECIFE 2014 VANESSA EMANUELLE DE OLIVEIRA MACIEL CITOGENÉTICA MOLECULAR DA VARIEDADE BRS PÉROLA BRANCA (Arachis hypogaea L.) E DE SEUS GENITORES Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia– Melhoramento Genético de Plantas (PPGAMGP) da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de mestre. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Reginaldo De Carvalho Co-Orientadoras: Dra. Roseane Cavalcanti dos Santos Dra. Lidiane de Lima Feitoza RECIFE 2014 MACIEL, V.E.O. Citogenética molecular da variedade BRS Pérola Branca (Arachis hypogaea L.)... i VANESSA EMANUELLE DE OLIVEIRA MACIEL CITOGENÉTICA MOLECULAR DA VARIEDADE BRS PÉROLA BRANCA (Arachis hypogaea L.) E DE SEUS GENITORES Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia–Melhoramento Genético de Plantas (PPGAMGP) da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de mestre em Melhoramento Genético de Plantas. Dissertação defendida e aprovada pela banca examinadora em: 28/07/2014. ORIENTADOR: Dr. Reginaldo de Carvalho Departamento de Biologia/UFRPE EXAMINADORES: Dr. Edson Ferreira da Silva Departamento de Biologia/UFRPE Dra. Maria Rita Cabral Sales de Melo MACIEL, V.E.O. Citogenética molecular da variedade BRS Pérola Branca (Arachis hypogaea L.)... ii Dedico a minha amada avó, Maria da Glória Rodrigues (In memoriam). MACIEL, V.E.O. Citogenética molecular da variedade BRS Pérola Branca (Arachis hypogaea L.)... iii AGRADECIMENTOS Primeiramente, a Deus por me proporcionar a conclusão de mais uma etapa em minha formação profissional. Aos meus pais, Ivônia Rodrigues de Oliveira e Manoel José Alves Maciel e, a minha querida avó, Maria da Glória Rodrigues (In memoriam), que são os meus pilares, por todo incentivo e ensinamento de valores fundamentais para a minha vida. -
Characterization of the Arachis (Leguminosae) D Genome Using Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) Chromosome Markers and Total Genome DNA Hybridization
Genetics and Molecular Biology, 31, 3, 717-724 (2008) Copyright © 2008, Sociedade Brasileira de Genética. Printed in Brazil www.sbg.org.br Research Article Characterization of the Arachis (Leguminosae) D genome using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) chromosome markers and total genome DNA hybridization Germán Robledo1 and Guillermo Seijo1,2 1Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina. 2Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina. Abstract Chromosome markers were developed for Arachis glandulifera using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of the 5S and 45S rRNA genes and heterochromatic 4’-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) positive bands. We used chro- mosome landmarks identified by these markers to construct the first Arachis species ideogram in which all the ho- mologous chromosomes were precisely identified. The comparison of this ideogram with those published for other Arachis species revealed very poor homeologies with all A and B genome taxa, supporting the special genome con- stitution (D genome) of A. glandulifera. Genomic affinities were further investigated by dot blot hybridization of biotinylated A. glandulifera total DNA to DNA from several Arachis species, the results indicating that the D genome is positioned between the A and B genomes. Key words: chromosome markers, DAPI bands, rDNA loci, dot blot hybridization, genome relationships. Received: June 29, 2007; Accepted: November 22, 2007. Introduction row et al., 2001; Simpson, 2001; Mallikarjuna, 2002; Mal- The genus Arachis comprises 80 wild species and the likarjuna et al., 2004). For this reason, great efforts have cultivated crop Arachis hypogaea L. (Fabales, Legumi- been directed towards understanding the relationships be- nosae) commonly known as groundnut or peanut. -
Simple Approach for Species Discrimination of Fabaceae Family on the Basis of Length Variation in PCR Amplified Products Using Barcode Primers
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(12): 921-928 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 12 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.712.115 Simple Approach for Species Discrimination of Fabaceae Family on the Basis of Length Variation in PCR Amplified Products Using Barcode Primers Sumana Sikdar1*, Sharad Tiwari2, Swapnil Sapre1 and Vishwa Vijay Thakur3 1Biotechnology Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, India 2Department of Plant breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, Jabalpur 482004, India 3ICAR-IINRG, Namkum Ranchi- 834010, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Fabaceae is one of the most diversified and complex family of flowering plants. The important pulses and the medicinally important plant species under this family have a high market value. Now a day, adulteration in the food and herbal medicinal products has become a severe problem. Adulteration of therapeutic herbs and major pulses with related K e yw or ds or conflicting species has proved to be hazardous to human health in several cases. We Barcode primers, have projected here, a PCR-based method using some of the major universal DNA barcode PCR, Agarose gel primers from the plastid region to address this problem. The basic idea behind this study electrophoresis, was to utilize the amplicon length polymorphisms exhibited by these primers to Adulteration, differentiate the plant species. PCR amplification success and species discrimination Fabaceae ability of five major DNA barcode primers (trnH-psbA, trnL, atpF-atpH, matK and rbcL) Article Info was studied among 24 representative plant species of Fabaceae family. -
Resistência Ao Tripes-Do-Prateamento E Seleção Em Genótipos Interespecíficos De Amendoim
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS E VETERINÁRIAS CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL RESISTÊNCIA AO TRIPES-DO-PRATEAMENTO E SELEÇÃO EM GENÓTIPOS INTERESPECÍFICOS DE AMENDOIM Melina Zacarelli Pirotta Bióloga 2016 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS E VETERINÁRIAS CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL RESISTÊNCIA AO TRIPES-DO-PRATEAMENTO E SELEÇÃO EM GENÓTIPOS INTERESPECÍFICOS DE AMENDOIM Melina Zacarelli Pirotta Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Sandra Helena Unêda-Trevisoli Coorientadores: Dr. Ignácio José de Godoy e Dr. Marcos Doniseti Michelotto Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – Unesp, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) 2016 Pirotta, Melina Zacarelli P672r Resistência ao tripes-do-prateamento e seleção em genótipos interespecíficos de amendoim / Melina Zacarelli Pirotta. – – Jaboticabal, 2016 xiii, 86 p. : il. ; 29 cm Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2016 Orientadora: Sandra Helena Unêda-Trevisoli Coorientadores: Ignácio José de Godoy, Marcos Doniseti Michelotto Banca examinadora: Gustavo Vitti Môro, Ivana Marino Bárbaro Bibliografia 1. Análise de agrupamento. 2. Arachis hypogaea L. 3. Componentes principais. 4. Enneothrips flavens. 5. REML/BLUP. I. Título. II. Jaboticabal-Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias. CDU 631.52:634.58 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Seção Técnica de Aquisição e Tratamento da Informação – Serviço Técnico de Biblioteca e Documentação - UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. DADOS CURRICULARES DA AUTORA Melina Zacarelli Pirotta – filha de Antônio Paulo Pirotta e Silmara Cristina Zacarelli, nasceu no município de Catanduva, SP em 19 de dezembro de 1988. Iniciou o curso de Ciências Biológicas no Instituto Municipal de Ensino Superior de Catanduva (IMES – Catanduva) no primeiro semestre de 2008, obtendo o grau de licenciatura plena em 2010 e bacharelado em 2013.