224

CONCLUSION

This literary study and close account of her social philosophy has demonstrated that the novelist, Eleanor Dark, was also a vigorous social protester and moralist, both concerned with pressing contemporary problems and with their psychological origins, and bent on showing in her fiction a close connection between political forces and individual lives. It has been made clear in this critical treatment .:hat, with a romantics revolutionary turn of mind, she was determined to open her readers eyes to so many social injustices. These were all too often perpetrated by mediocre leaders, and yet the people, in their ignorance and apathy, were hardly aware of them. To illustrate this she created a series of idealistic, independently thinking characters who set out to right social wrongs by exercising heroic personal integrity, by being true to their own consciences, and by establishing ideals which would enrich, rather than constrict, both the individual and society as a whole. The study has shown, however, that Dark always emphasised the need to put theory into action, and to curb simplistic idealism with a measure of lived practicality.

There was presented in Chapter 2 the writers perception of human existence as a progression or journey, with her questing protagonists energetically engaging with all aspects of life as they struggled toward the goal of social harmony and the desired realisation of personal potential. Throughout, there has been critical emphasis upon the novels impressive celebration of life, and I have endeavoured to show that the vitality of Darks daring protagonists became a means of judging the behaviour of others, as she contrasted them with those lesser and more timid characters who refused Ito participate willingly in the mortal contest.

The study has sought to establish the novelists deep conviction and illustrated contention that the real obstacles to all social and moral progress were put in place by a faltering human will, and by fallible human opinions, convictions and prejudices. The airr has thus been to record her firm, if fictional, protests at this situation. In Chapter 3 there is registered Darks objection to stultifying social ideals which forced potentially free spirits into predetermined roles. She sternly criticised the prevailing restrictive conventions which denied women the sexual freedom granted to men, and 225 compelled most, if they were to satisfy their undeniable physical needs, to accept the domestic role of the economically dependent wife-mother. Darks own society had made an unshakeable ideal of permanent marriage, and the novelist exposed the psychological damage suffered by those men and women who found themselves trapped with incompatible partners. This chapter has recorded, also, her objection to the treatment of those who, through mental or physical disabilities, were excluded from the flow of normal living, and thus became misfits in a society which valued uniformity above all.

Chapter 4 has considered her forceful indictment of all Australian class division, showing how, in the First Settlement, the determination of the elitist group to seclude themselves from the convicts, the emancipists and the poorer free settlers hindered the colonys progress. In her own contemporary world Dark was shown to question the moral values of a large group of wealthy and powerful citizens who were able to regard their underprivileged fellows with complete detachment and lack of compassion, exploiting them as often as they chose.

The writers protest at the failure of her countrys legislators to provide ordinary people with enlightening education experience has been discussed in Chapter 5. There it was demonstated that Darks indignation at the lack of sex-education and the widespread ignorance regarding sensible health care was matched by her disapproval of an authoritarian public education system which inhibited original thinking in its students, forced uniformity upon them, and gave them no clear understanding of the social and political forces which were shaping their lives.

Chapter 6 treated of her remc nstrance that, in a world ruled by so- called reason, world leaders had adopted the dangerous habit of misusing both science and technology. Thus there has been teased out the fictions indictment of those who used science, in the form of eugenics, to interfere with natural laws; of that aspect of ndustrialism which, by harnessing all their physical effort and mental potential to machines, made of human beings mere impersonal units who derived no satisfaction from their labour; and of the ruthless materialism which evaluated the worth of human beings by their more visible worldly possessions. The chapter has shown, too, how Darks early pioneering and philosophical concern at the ecological despoliation 226 caused by chemical sprays and juggernaut earth-moving machinery would and did deepen into her bitter condemnation of the use of technology in waging ever more barbaric wars. Her detestation of modern wars and her denunciation of the greed, racism and shallow nationalism which caused them, has been treated in Chapter 7 as well as the disgust with which she regarded jingoistic leaders who promoted patriotism as a means of buttressing their own power, and the industrialists who profited from the sale of munitions and the engines of war. Here, too, Darks bitter indictment of racial discrimination is recorded in the account of the war between the European settlers and the Australian Aborigines.

The present study has also suggested that, beyond the mere plot lines, implicit in the novels was the strong conviction that, on the journey, all the questers must use as energising agents certain spiritual qualities - such as psychic integration, sustaining love, the power of the artists creative imagination, and an affinity with the natural world - each and all proper means of boosting the moral courage necessary for the surmounting of this worlds obstacles. Chapter 8 has illustrated the novelists impatience with those who failed to exercise all the aspects of the psyche and Chapter 9 rebuked those who would jettison less orthodox supportive companionship either by pursuing the false ideal of romantic love or by succumbing to the superficial satisfaction of a purely sexual relationship.

In Chapter 10 there is some codification and explication of Darks censure of a poorly educated Australian populace which, blinded by the allure of mass entertainment, not only failed to appreciate the worth of serious artists, but forced many of them to leave the country in search of valid recognition. From the time of the First Settlement, instead of encouraging a harmonious bonding with the land, governments had allowed ignorant, greedy settlers and industrial entrepreneurs to plunder it, and Chapter 11 has dealt with Darks moral castigation 01 such narrow visioned leaders. Chapter 12 then identifies Darks vision of the true human goal, the building of a harmonious society in a gentler world in which the individual had some real chance of reaching full potential, and conveys her conviction that to do this was our only possible alternative to Armageddon.

Throughout the study it is argued that Dark always manifested a 227

reader-challenging romantic sensibility, and, as well as positing her vision of life as a personal quest, I have also drawn attention to her other positivist thought. This personal and authorial stance included: her insistence on the importance of feeling in a world increasingly ruled by intellect; her distaste for contemporary industrialisation and concomitant materialism; her sympathy for the oppressed and for the individual at odds with society; and her utopian vision of a genuinely caring and sensitive political system. Included, also, in her romantic armoury were her faith in art as a force capable of enriching both the human being and life itself, and her attitude toward nature which corresponded to the intuitive assumption of the divinity ever present in, and burgeoned forth by, the natural world.

While I have emphasised this pervasive romantic sensibility, I have sought to demonstrate, also, Darks streak of practicality. This she exhibited so effectively in her insistence that Nigel Hendons idealistic plan for his utopian society was fundamentally sound, and in her Roger Blairs certainty that any hope for a more economically equitable world must be backed up by unbiased investigation into societys divisive practices. She made the young doctor, Valerie, modify not only her dream of healing humanity when she found that many of her patients rejected her ministrations, but also her ideal of romantic love in favour of a love which promised to be practical and sustaining. It has been seen that Dark refused to idealise the country at the expense of the city when she had her character, Tom Drew, concede the practical difficulties of rural life. Similarly, although Gilbert enthused on the vitality of Sydney, his creator again refused to idealise the city at the expense of the country. Her compassionate presentation of wars victims - such as Bennilorig, Nigel Hendon and Colin Drew - and her scathing attacks on powerful warmongers undercut any perhaps still lingering modern notion of technological war as a romantic contest between heroic warriors. Instead, she had caused her questioning protagonists to take their own practical steps toward understanding the psychological causes of war in an effort to prevent future tragedies.

It has become obvious that, throughout her oeuvre, against a menacing and horrific background which remained constantly so even as she ever more extensively exposed its various faces, Dark retained a consistent moral position, together with certain ethical and cultural preoccupations which 228 provided an underlying unity of vision and lent her work real depth and positive moral direction. The breadth of that vision has become clearer with this studys investigation of her panorama of the various worlds of medicine, of women, of artists, of early Australian settlers and of Aborigines; with her exploration of the issues of nationalism, internationalism and imperialism; with her confrontation of all scandalous waste - waste of opportunities, of land, of resources and of human lives; and finally, with her vision of a more tolerant, flexible world of fulfilled, me rally free and politically equal

Many earlier literary critics have commented on Darks talent as opposed to genius, and on her lack of any profound vision. 1 It is now suggested that she used the ideas of the influential books of the time to complement her own philosophy of life, but it is pointed out, also, that she expressed and reshaped those reflective concepts both vigorously and with conviction, adapting them successfully to the Australian social and mental climate. Although the novels fast moving action might seem to limit a larger profundity, I have sought to reveal where, in many situations, the authorial voice has become firm and clear, with the tone and solicitude of someone who had made these life-enhancing discoveries herself, especially when she identified so memorably with her entrapped, fictional women who, sadly, lacked choice, knowledge, and personal space. Her concentration on so many domestic problems reflected her moral awareness of the human and social dilemmas all too inherent in the Australian personality, and the study has sought to show that she caught representative people in the movement of their lives, and then developed her picture so that its subject could be fully drawn and understood. Thus this microcosmic focus entailed large themes indeed. Consequently I would argue that, although her tapestry might lack the spiritual intensity of a Henry Handel Richardson, her social analysis was just as aware, reflective and profound.

In summary Dark has been sh own to be a writer with a deeply compassionate regard for the particular fallible individual and an intense emotional involvement with her own society. The continual aim of the present study has thus been to reveal the artistic and moral complexity of a

1 See Green, A History of Australian Literature, op. cit., pp. 1162 and 1166, and Wilkes, The Progress of Eleanor Dark, op. cit., p. 142. 229

storyteller whose not inconsiderable fiction has been widely read and enjoyed, and who has had the opportunity to exercise influence on her readers consequent thinking. With both its creative and socio-historical content, her fiction has contributed to Australian literature a valuable body of socially serious and significant prose which is both eminently readable and particularly relevant to our own post-modern times. She was one of the most engaged of Australias novelists, a pioneer of ecriture fCrninine before the use of that term, whose thinking - if riot her plots - lay far outside the dominant phallocentric paradigm.2 It is certain that her fictions encapsulated moral thought, properly reappraised, will be a force for shaping Australian womens writing far into the future.

2 Cp. the thought of Helene Cixous as in her Angst (translated by J. Levy), John Calder, London, 1985, or in Cixous and C. Clement, The Newly Born Woman (translated by B. Wing), University of Minnesota Press, 1986. 230

BIBLIOGRAPY

Works by Eleanor Dark Novels Slow Dawning, London, John Long Ltd., 1932. Prelude to Christopher, (Sydney, Stephensen, 1934), Adelaide, Rigby, 1961. Return to Coolami, (London, Collins, 1936), London, Collins, 1961. Sun Across the Sky, (London, Collins, 1937), London, Collins, (White Circle Pocket Novels), 1946. Waterway, (London, Collins, 1938), Sydney, F. H. Johnston Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd., 1946. The Timeless Land, (London, Collins, 1941), Melbourne, Collins, 1980. The Little Company, Sydney, Collins, 1945. Storm of Time, (Sydney, Coll ns, 1948), Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1980 No Barrier, (Sydney,Collins, 1953), Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1980. Lantana Lane, London, Collins, 1959.

Uncollected Short Stories (Chrondogical by publication) An asterisk marks those cited in critical text

`Take Your Choice, (pseudonym P. OR), The Bulletin, 7/6/1923. A Love Story, (pseud. D. E.), The Triad, 1/12/1924. `The Desire of the Moth, (pseud. Henry Head), Art in Australia, Third Series, No. 10, December, 1924. `The Profiteer, (pseud. P. OR), The Triad, 2/2/1925. `Under the Rose, (pseud. Nora Keelard), The Triad, 1/7/1925. `The Book, The Bishop and the Ban, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Bulletin, 2/7/1925. Wheels, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Bulletin, 12/12/25. Wind, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Bulletin, 21/1/1926. `Benevolence, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Triad, 1/7/1926. `Many Waters, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Australian Womans Mirror, 5/10/1926. `When Gubbins took to Golf, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Triad, 1/12/1926. `From Tiny to Jacko, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Triad, 1/12/1926. `How Uncle Aubrey Went to London, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Bulletin, 30/5/1928. `Victims, (pseud. Patrica OF ane), The Home, 1/11/1930. 231

`Impulse, (pseud. Patricia OFlane), The Bulletin, 21/1/1931. `Unfaithfulness, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Home, 1/12/1931. The Tall Thing, (pseud. Patricia ORane), Steads Review, 2/2/1931. Man of Honour, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Home, 1/7/1932. `Aunt Nan, (pseud. Patricia ORane), Ink, No. 1, 1932. `Hear My Prayer, The Bulletin, 2/5/1934. `Murder on the Ninth Green, The Bulletin, 12/12/1934. `Curtain. The Australian Mercury, Vol. 1, No. 1, July, 1935. The Urgent Call, The Home, 1/8/1935. `The Biffer Rising, The Bulletin, 16/10/1935. The Leader, Australian Writ6rs Annual, 1936. Publicity, The Home, 1/4/1937. Water in Moko Creek, Australian National Journal, Vol. 7, March, 1946. `The Narrow Escape of Herbie Bassett, in J. K. Ewers (ed.), Modern Short Stories, Melbourne, Georgian House, 1965.

Play The Return of a Hero, A Fifteen Minute Play, (pseud. Patricia ORane), The Home, 1/2/1932.

Articles (Literary, Topographic, etc.) `The Art of Nagging, (pseud. P. OR), The Australian Womans Mirror, 16/12/1924, p.19. `Naughty Children (pseud. E. P. D), The Triad, 2/2/1925, p. 42. `Caroline Chisholm and her Times, in F. Eldershaw (ed.), The Peaceful Army (1938), Ringwood, Penguin, 1988, pp. 55-85. `Australia and the Australians, Australia Week-end Book, Vol. 3, 1944, pp. 9-19. `Drawing a Line Around It, The Writer, Vol. 59, No. 10, October, 1946, pp. 323-25. `A word damned a man, but what does it mean?, Daily Telegraph, 23/4/1948. `They All Come Back, Walkabout, 17, 1/1/1951, pp. 19-20. `Tribute to Mary Gilmore, Overland, June, 1955, p. 9. `The Blackall Range Country, Walkabout, 21, 1/11/55, pp. 18-20. Appreciation of Vance and Nettie Palmer, Meanjin, XVIII, No. 2,1959, pp.247-49. `This Land of Ours, Farwell, G., and Johnston, F. H. (eds.), This Land of Ours Australia, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1949. 232

Unpublished Manuscripts `Women and Fascism, Fellowship of Australian Writers papers, Mitchell Library, uncatalogued MSS 2008, I3ox K22104. (Written for Writers in Defence of Freedom, which was to have been published by Angus Robertson in conjunction with the Fellowship of Australian Writers in 1939). `Political Parties, undated, ML MSS 4545, Box 10 (25). The Peril and the Solitude, undated, ML MSS 4545, Box 10 (25). Untitled, undated fragments, ML MSS 4545, Box 110 (25). Letters (An asterisk marks those cited in the critical text) Letter to Nettie Palmer, dated 14/12/1933, Palmer papers, NLA, MS 1174 Palmer 1/Box 6/F=older 57. Letter to Nettie Palmer, dated 16/5/ [1936?], Palmer papers, NLA, MSS 1174/1/4438. Letter to Miles Franklin, dated 19/9/[1936?], M. Frankin papers, ML MSS 3641. Letter to P. R. Stephensen, dated 1/4/1938, Stephensen papers, ML MSS 1284 Box Y2140. Letter to Miles Franklin, dated 14/4/1941, M. Franklin papers, ML MSS 364/26/443. Letter to Jean Devanny, dated 31/3/1943, ,James Cook University, JD/CORR (P)/27. Letter to Jean Devanny, dated 11/1/1944, James Cook University, JD/CORR(P)/27. Letter to Jean Devanny, dated 26/12/1948, James Cook University, JD/CORR(P)/29.

Interviews de Berg, H., Interview with Eleanor Dark, de Berg Collection of Tape Recordings, NLA, MS 998, Tape 92 - Cut 3, First Side, Transcript p. 979, 1960 or 1961. Devanny, J., Writers at Home. Eleanor and Eric Dark, in Bird of Paradise, Sydney, Frank Johnson, 1945. May, B., Patricia ORane, The Austialian Womans Mirror, 25/9/1928.

Reviews of Eleanor Darks Novels Slow Dawning `Slow Dawning, Times Literary Supplement, 28/4/32, p. 313.

Prelude to Christopher Palmer, N., A Readers Notebook, All About Books, Vol. 7, June 12, 1934, pp. 115-16. Desiderata, 1/8/34, p. 28. 233

Burnell, F. S., Some Books, The Home, 1/3/35. Spring, H., A Eugenic Tragedy, Evening Standard, London, 5/11/36. `Prelude to Christopher, 5/12/36, Times Literary Supplement, p. 1014.

Return to Coolami `Across the Blue Mountains, Times Literary Supplement, 1/2/36, p. 92. `Reading for Pleasure, Leader, Melbourne, 21/3/36. Macartney, F. T., Two Good Novels, All About Books, 8, 11/4/36, p. 53. R. P., Several Novels by Women, The Bulletin, Sydney, 22/4/36. pp. 2-4. Pride, W. L. S., Post Despatch, St. Louis, 31/5/36. Eagle, Brooklyn, New York, 31/5/36. Call Bulletin, San Francisco, Cal., 6/6/36. Register, New Haven, Conn., 7/6/36. Green, H. R., Journal, Dallas, Texas, 8/6/36. Star, Washington, D.C., 10/6/36 Cortt, M., Salt to Taste, News, Middleboro, Kentucky, 11/6/36. Culver, F., Pens Margins, Nassau Star, New York, 11/6/36. News-Journal, Mansfield, Ohio, 11/6/36. Hunter, R., S., Sorrows of Susan, Sun, New York, 13/6/36. News Week, New York, 13/6/36. Dickson, S. T., Discovery of Contentment in Australia, The New York Herald-Tribune, 14/6/36, p. 8. H. S. A., Knickerbocker Press, Albany, N. Y., 14/6/36. Kazin, A., Australian Journey, The New York Times Book Review, 14/6/36, p. 16. Young, E., Sin in Order, Post, Washington, 14/6/36. `An Australian Experiment, Daily News, New York, 14/6/36. `Motor Trip is Unusual Link in Four Lives, Times -Herald, Dallas, Texas, 14/6/36. Oregonian, Portland, Oregon, 14/6/36. Herald News, Fall River, Mass., 17/6/36. `A Miracle, Times, Buffalo, N. Y., 19/6/36. A. C., Fiction, Saturday Review of Literature, New York, 20/6/36. News, Red Bluff, California, 20/6/36. `Tells Story Neatly, News-Sentinel, Fort Wayne, Indiana, 20/6/36. Journal, Rochester, N. Y., 20/6/36. Shaw, T., Jr., Book Slants, Record, Greensboro, N. C., 22/6/36. Liberty, New York City, 22/6/36. Journal, Pottsville, Pa., 26/6/36. Star Times, St. Louis, Mo., 2E/6/36. Telegraph, Dixon, Illinois., 30/6/36. `Journey, Post Gazette, Pittsburg, Pa., 30/6/36. Bates, G. G., News, New York, June, 1936. American News Monthly, NexA, York, June, 1936. The Australian Monthly, October, 1936. Spring, H., Return to Coolami, Evening Standard, London, 5/11/36. Lord, M., A Good Bundle of Early Goodies, Australian Book Review, October, 1981, pp. 16-7. 234

Lexau, 0. H., Pleasant Trip, Banner, Nashville, Tenn. M. W. S., Christian Science Monitor, Boston, Mass.

Sun Across the Sky `An Australian Day, Times Literary Supplement, 7/8/37, p. 575. `Eleanor Darks New Novel, The Bulletin, Sydney, 22/9/37. `Novels of the Day, The Sydney Morning Herald, 24/9/37, p. 7. Transcript, Boston, Mass., 23i10/37. Pruette, L., The New York Herald Tribune, 31/10/37, pp. 10, 14. `Eleanor Darks new Book, Sun Across the Sky, Fulfills Promise of Earlier Work, Times, Buffalo, N. Y., 2/11/37. Field, L. M., A Pair of Geniuses, The New York Times Book Review, 14/11/37. Star, Washington, C.C., 20/11/37. Times, Washington, D.C., 20/11/37. Robinson, J., News, Savannah, Ga., 28/11/37. C. H. M., Saturday Review of Literature, New York City, 4/12/37. `An Irish Poet and a Millionaire, Star, Kansas City, Mo.,11/12/37. `Money and Power, Register, New Haven, Conn., 19/12/37.

Waterway `Love and Tragedy on Sydney Harbour, Sun, Sydney, 2/2/47. `A Local Novel Comes Home, Daily Telegraph, 22/2/47. `Waterway, Times Literary Supplement, 30/4/38, p. 297. A Sydney Day, The Sydney Morning Herald, 24/6/38, p. 6. Holt, E., Herald, Melbourne, 25/6/38. K. S., Tangled Threads in Sydney, Argus, Melbourne, 25/6/38. Mercury, Hobart, 2/7/38. The Bulletin, Sydney, 6/7/38. Hutchinson, P., A Dramatic Novel of Australia, The New York Times Book Review, 7/7/38, p. 6. `Books, Australian Womens Weekly, 9/7/38. Hunter, R., An Australian Novelist Recalls a Tragedy and Looks back on the Story of the Continent, The New York Sun, 2/8/38. Green, H. R., Unusual and Powerful is Latest Dark Novel, The Dallas Morning News, 8/8/38. Dangerfield, G., Twenty-four Hours in the Antipodes, Saturday Review of Literature, No. 18, New York, 13/8/38. Harrop, M., The New York Herald-Tribune, 14/8/38, pp. 7-8. E. W., Australian Background in Fascinating Novel, The Chicago Daily Tribune, 1/10/38. Perkins, E., Quality Reprints, Quadrant, Vol. XXIII, No. 9, 1979, pp. 70- 1 Clancy, L., Classic collection reclaims our neglected riches, Weekend Australian, 20-21 October, 1990. 235

The Timeless Land `Literary Honor from Uncle Sam, Smiths Weekly, Sydney, 13/9/41. Butcher, F., Australia in Its Pioneering Era, The Chicago Daily Tribune, 1/10/41. A Special Contributor, Evening Journal, Ottowa, Canada, 1/10/41. Gannett, Books and Things, The New York Herald-Tribune, 1/10/41. Davis, H., Out of Australia, Nation, New York, 4/10/41, p. 316. Lambrecht, K., It Happened in Australia, Saturday Review of Literature, New York, Vol. XXIV, No. 24, 4/10/41, Rugoff, M., The Birth of a Nal ion - Down in Australia, The New York Herald-Tribune Review of Books, Vol. IX, 5/10/41, pp. 5. Woods, K., Eleanor Darks Novel of Australian Settlement, The New York Times Book Review, 5/10/41, pp. 5 and 18. `The Timeless Land October American Book of the Month Club, Daily Telegraph, 6/10/41. Thompson, R., The New York Times, 8/10/41, p. 21. Owens, 0., tong-ago Convict Colony is Recreated by a Genius, Post, Boston, Mass., 12/10/41. Pippett, R., Book on Australia Rings USA Bells, PM, New York, 12/10/41. Morgan-Powell, S., Eleanor Dark Tells Story of the First British Settlement, Star, Montreal, Canada, 18/10/41. Messenger-Chronicle, Fort Dodge, Iowa, October, 1941. T. L., Age, Melbourne, 1/11/41. `Redemption, Times Literary Supplement, 1/11/41, p. 541. `New Novels, Terra Incognito, The Sydney Morning Herald, 20/12/41. Editorial, The Birth Pangs of White Australia, Telegraph, Brisbane, 3/1/42. Two Historical Novels, The Bulletin, Sydney, 7/1/42., p. 2. `A Book to Read, Australia - The Timeless Land Country Life, Sydney, 9/1/42. McKinnon, F., Panorama of Early Australia, Courier-Mail, Brisbane, 24/1/42. `Out of the Void, Herald, Melbourne, 24/1/42. Scribe, Story of Their Life Told in The Timeless Land Mercury, Hobart, 5/2/42. `Latest Fiction, Advertiser, Adelaide, 14/2/42. R. K., Eleanor Darks Outstanding Work, Age, Melbourne, 11/4/42. `Australian Authors Success, The Timeless Land , Advocate, 30/4/42. Barker, U., Matrix of the Past, B. P. Magazine, 1/6/42, pp. 62-3. M. P., The Timeless Land, Idealising the Aborigine, Age, Melbourne, 21/9/46. Montague, M.F.M., The Timeless Land Oceania, pp. 303-04.

The Little Company Prescott, 0., The New York Times, 9/5/45, p. 21. The New Yorker, New York City, 12/5/45. Frederick, J. T., Ive Been Reading, Sun, Chicago, 13/5/45. 236

Sapeiha, V., The New York Herald Review of Books, 13/5/45, p. 6. Martin, J., The New York Times Books, 20/5/45, pp. 16-7. Hollis, E. E., Dilemma of Writer, Treated by One of Australias Best, Tribune, Salt Lake City, Utah, 10/6/45. M. C. R., Star, Washington, D. C., 10/6/45. The New Republic, New York, 11/6/45. Baer, H., News, Chicago, 13/6/45. `Briefs, News, Newark, N. J., 14/6/45. `Man and Sociology, The Bulletin, Sydney,11/7/45, p. 2. `Miss Bronte, Torture, Step by Step, Daily Telegraph, Sydney, 14/7/45, p. 13. Mair, I., Mrs. Eleanor Darks novel, The Little Company, Argus, Melbourne, 21/7/45. `New Novel by Eleanor Dark, Sun, Melbourne, 21/7/45. G. F., Do You Believe in Human Beings - or Dont You?, Tribune, Sydney, 2/8/45. D. E., The Sydney Morning Herald, 4/8/45. Daily Telegraph, Sydney, 15/11/45. Mass, N., Australian Womens Digest, December, 1945, pp. 14-5. Tasny, A. K., The Little Com pany, The Australian Highway, 1/4/46, p. 32 Barker, U., The Little Company, Meanjin Papers, No. 5, 1946, p. 167.

Storm of Time ABC Weekly, Sydney, 30/10i48. `Historical Novel of Infant Colony, Herald, Melbourne, 30/10/48. L. V. K., New Fiction, The Sydney Morning Herald, 30/10/48, p. 6. Scribe, A Historical Novel With Too Much History, Mercury, Hobart, October, 1948. The Bulletin, Sydney, 10/11/48, p. 2. Storm of Time, Times Literary Supplement, 15/7/49, p. 457. Covell, R. D., Rum - A Comrnon Denominator, Courier-Mail, Brisbane, 23/10/49. New York Times, 3/1/50. Davis, U. B., The New York Herald-Tribune Book Review, 29/1/50, p. 19. Burger, N. K., The New York Times Book Review, Old Australia, 5/2/50, p. 30. Walker, M., Hate and Fear in Early Days of Australia, The Chicago Tribune, Illinois, 5/2/50. Bonner, W. H., News, Buffalo, N. Y., 18/2/50. Hass, V. P., Bligh of Botany I3ay, Saturday Review of Literature, Vol. 30, 25/2/50, p. 19. Torkelson, L., Mutiny Again for Captain Bligh, Journal, Milwaukee, 5/3/50. J. V., Chronicle, San Francisco, Cal., 23/4/50. News, Framington, Mass., 4/5/50. Gazette, Berkeley, California, 8/5/50. Record, Chelsea, Mass., 24/6/50. 237

Barker, U., Southerly, No. 2, 1950, pp. 101-03. Cubis, D., Storm of Time, Royal Australian Historical Society, Journal and Proceedings, Vol. XXXV, 1950, pp. 65-8.

No Barrier `When Macquarie Ruled, Age, Melbourne, 20/6/53. Hutton, G., Eleanor Dark and Ruth Park Again, Argus, Melbourne, 27/6/53. `No Barrier Falls Short, Daily Mail, Brisbane, 28/6/53, p. 17. Bartlett, N., Daily Telegraph, Sydney, No Bosomy Romance, 4/7/53. Baker, S. J., The Great Australian Novel, The Sydney Morning Herald, 11/7/53, p. 8. Tonkin, M., Beyond the Mountains a New Land, IVews, Adelaide, 12/7/53. Three Australian Novels, The Bulletin, Sydney, 15/7/53, p. 2. Keesing, N., The Bulletin, Sydney, 24/8/53, p. 42. P. M., Eleanor Dark Has Achieved Much, Tribune, 2/9/53. Shaw, A. G. L., Meanjin, Vol. 12, No. 3, 1953, pp. 342-43. `A Very Human Villain, A.M., Sydney, 16/2/54. No Barrier, Times Literary Supplement,12/3/54, p. 165. Murray-Smith, S., Darkness at Dawn, review of The Timeless Land, Storm of Time and No Barrier, Australian Book Review, Vol. 2, No. 11, 1963,13. 178.

Lantana Lane `Salt of the Earth, Times Literary Supplement, 10/4/59, p. 214. Covell, R., Humour in the Pineapple Belt, Eleanor Dark turns out a good one, Courier-Mail, 9/5/59. Weir, W. J., Pineapple Souffle, The British Weekly, 14/5/59, p. 2. Mair, I., Pineapples among the Lantana: Eleanor Darks Cosy Comedy, Age, Melbourne, 16/5/59. `Lantana Lane is Mill Hill Road, Courier-Mail, Brisbane, 16/5/59. Baker, S. J., Our Good Earth, The Sydney Morning Herald, 23/5/59, p 13 `About Farmers: And Lantana, Canberra Times, 30/5/59. `Theres Nothing - and Nobody - Dull in Lantana Lane, Mercury, Hobart, 11/6/59. `Happy Families, The Bulletin, Sydney, 24/6/59, p. 2. Henrey, R., Pineapples and Prose, Books and Bookman, No. 4, June, 1959, p. 15. `A Community in Queensland, The Press, Christchurch, N.Z., 8/8/59.

Critical Articles and Books on Eleanor Dark Brooks, 13. and Clark, J., Introduction, Return to Coolami, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1991. `Introduction, Storm of Time, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1991. `Introduction, No Barrier, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1991. 238

Cusack, D., A Pioneer in modernist techinque, The Sydney Morning Herald, 25/6/77, p. 16. Day, A. (3., Eleanor Dark, Boston, Twayne, 1976. Eldershaw, M. B., Australian Writers, The Bulletin, November 17, 1937, p. 50. Essays in Australian Fiction. Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1938, pp. 182-98. Ferrier, C. (ed.), Gender, Politics and Fiction, Twentieth Century Australian Womens Novels, St. Lucia, Queensland University Press, 1985, and Second Edition 1992. (ed.), As Good as a Yarn With You: Letters Between Miles Franklin, Katharine Susannah Prichard, Jean Devanny, Marjorie Barnard, Flora Eldershaw and Eleanor Dark, London, Cambridge University Press, 1992. Garner, H., Dazzling Writing, Introduction, Lantana Lane, London, Virago, 1986. Hadgraft, C., Eleanor Dark, by A. Grove Day, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 9, October, 1980, pp. 561-64. Lockwood, B., And then, there were women, Womanspeak II, No. 4, 1976, pp. 20-1. Lowe, E., The Novels of Eleanor Dark, Meanjin, Vol. 10, 1951, pp. 341- 49. Manifold, J., Eleanor Dark: Our Writers: VIII, Overland, No. 15, 1959. McKellar, J., The Black Man and the White, Southerly, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1948, pp. 92-8. Two Australian Novelists Interpretations of Early History, Victorian Historical Magazine, Vol. 26, No. 2, 1954, pp. 57-80. McQueen, H., The Novels of Eleanor Dark, Hemisphere, Vol. XVII, No. 1, 1973, pp. 38-41. `Introduction, The Timeless Land, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1990. Modjeska, D., Women who changed the course of the novel, The National Times, March 13-18, 1978, pp. 25 and 27. Exiles at Home, Australian Women Writers 1925-1945, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1981. `Introduction, The Little Company, London, Virago, 1985. `Eleanor Dark, Notes Furphies, No. 15, October, 1985, p. 10. `Eleanor Dark: Retrospective, Refractory Girl, No. 29, 1986, pp. 38-9. `Introduction, Waterway, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1990. OReilly, H., The Timeless Eleanor [)ark, Outrider, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 43-47. Stephensen, P. R., (`The Bunyip Critic), The Novels of Eleanor Dark, The Publicist, Vol. 15, 1/9/37, pp. 6-8. `Spirit of the Place, Vol. 25, 1/7/38, p. 8. `Book Reviewing in Australia, The Publicist, 1/8/38, p. 9. Thomson, A.K., The Timeless Land, Brisbane, The Jacaranda Press, 1966. 239

Wilkes, G. A., The Progress of Eleanor Dark, Southerly, No. 12, 1951, pp. 139-48. `Editorial, Desiderata, No. 21, 1/8/34, pp. 3. `Art and Accident, The Bulletin, 5/3/47, pp. 2-3. Unnamed Author, Typescript, The Eleanor and Eric Dark Seminar held in Katoomba Library, 29/11/87. The Blue Mountains Historical Library, Springwood, New South Wales.

General Reference Material Articles Aitken, D., Kahan, M. and Barnes, S., What Happened to the Depression Generation?, Labour History, No. 17, 1970, pp. 174-81. Albinsky, N., Australian Utopian Fiction: A Cautious Enterprise, Newsletter of the AAALS, Vol. II, No. 1, April, 1986, pp. 9 and 13. Anderson, J., The Politics of Proscription, Australian Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 2, June, 1958, pp. 7-15. Atkinson, A., Sunshine From Frost, in A. Atkinson (ed.), The Push From the Bush, No. 26, April, 1988, pp. 9-23. Aveling, M., Gender in early New South Wales Society, in A. Atkinson (ed.), The Push From the Bush, No. 24, April, 1987, pp. 30-40. Baler, K., The Changing Role of the Intelligentsia, Meanjin, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1945, pp. 113-21. Berndt, R. M., Influence of European Culture on Australian Aborigines, Oceania, Vol. 21, 1950-51, pp. 229-240. Bolton, G. C., Depression in Australia, Journal of History, Vol. 1, No. 1, September, 1969, pp. 1-19. Brennan, C., Philosophy and Art, Southerly, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1949, pp. 203-06. Buckley, V., Utopianism and Vitalism in Australian Literature, Quadrant, No. 10, 1959, pp. 39-51. `Towards an Australian Literature, in C. Semmler (ed.), Twentieth Century Australian Literary Criticism, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1967, pp. 75-85. Buckridge, P., The Penton Scandal: Rhetoric and Lifestyle in the Career of an Australian Intellectual, Southerly, Vol. 48, No. 1, 1988, pp. 31-45. `Gossip and History in the Novels of Brian Penton and Thomas Keneally, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 14, No. 4, October, 1990, pp. 436-449. Burchett, W., Forgotten Novels of the Thirties, Overland, No. 72, 1978, pp. 38-9. Cameron, N. L., The Convict in the Australian Novel, Armidale and District Historical Society Journal, No. 14, 1971, pp. 44-51. Capp, F., Secret Lives: ASIC) and Australian Writers, Age Monthly Review, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 6-8. 240

Carter, D., Review of G. Turner, National Fictions: Literature, Film and the Construction of Australian Narrative, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2 October, 1987, pp. 237-41. `Documenting and Criticising Society, in L. Hergenhan (ed.), The Penguin New Literary History of Australia, pp. 370-89. "Current History Looks Apocalyptic": Barnard Eldershaw, Utopia and the Literary Intellectual, 1930s-1940s, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 14, No. 2, October, 1989, pp. 174-87. Chisholm, A., Introduction, M. B. Eldershaw, Tomorrow and Tomorrow and Tomorrow, London, Virago, 1983. Clark, M., Transplant, Overland, No. 50-51, 1972, pp. 76-8. `Shaking Off the Philistines, The Bulletin (Centenary Issue), January 29, 1980, pp. 114-24. Clunies-Ross, J., Civilian War Neurosis, The Australian Quarterly, Vol. 13, June, 1941, pp. 73-8. Cole, P. R., The Development of an Australian Social Type, Royal Australian Historical Society, Journal and Proceedings, Vol. XVIII, Part II, 1932. Cottle, D., The Sydney Rich in the Great Depression, Bowyang, September/October, 1979, pp. 67-102. Christesen, C. (ed.), War on the Intellectual Front, Meanjin, Vol. 8, 1942, pp. 3-4. Cowper, N., Action Against Communism, Australian Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1, March, 1950, pp. 5-12. Curthoys, A., Historiography and Womens Liberation, Arena, No. 22, 1970, pp. 35-40. `Destruction of Aboriginal Society, Arena, No. 27, 1971, pp. 37-48. `Eugenics, Feminism, and Birth Control: The Case of Marion Piddington, Hecate, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1989, pp. 73-89. Cusack, D., Culture in War Time (1), Being Proceedings of Fellowship of Australian Writers Conference, Sydney, September 1, 1940. Review of Eleanor Dark, by A. Grove Day, The Sydney Morning Herald, 25/6/77, p. 16. Daniels, K., Rejecting the New Woman, problems with nineteenth century publishers, Refractory Girl, No. 1, 1972-3, pp. 5-7. `Marion Piddington, The National Times, January 9-15, 1983, pp. 25-6. Darby, R., The Fall of Fortress Criticism, Overland, No. 102, April, 1986., pp. 6-15. Darroch, R., The Mystery of Kangaroo and the Secret Army, Australian, 15/5/76, pp. 26 and 28. Dean, W., A Vision Splendid The City in Australian Fiction, Landfall, No. 128, 1978, pp. 329-42. Devanny, J., Eugenic Reform and the Unfit, Steads Review, May 1, 1930, pp. 21-2. `What Do I Know of Eugenics, Health and Physical Culture, May, 1930, pp. 6, 54. The Health of the Race: More Light on Eugenic Reform, Health and Physical Culture, August, 1930, pp. 18, 47-8. 241

Dever, M., Still partially eclipsed, A Review of Flora Eldershaw (ed.) The Peaceful Army, Hecate, Vol. XIV, No. 2, 1988, pp. 91-4. "No Time is Inopportune for a Protest": Aspects of the Political Activities of Marjorie Barnard and Flora Eldershaw, Hecate, Vol. 17, No. 2, 1991, pp. 9-21. Dixson, M., Class Struggle Ideology During the Great Depression in New South Wales, Armidale and District Historical Society Journal, No. 15, 1972, pp. 72-6. Docker, J., University teaching of Australian Literature, New Literature Review, No. 6, pp. 3-7. Doecke, B., Challenging History Making: Realism, Revolution and Utopia in The Timeless Land Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 17, No. 1, 1995, pp. 49-57. Drake-Brockman, H., The Thirties, Quadrant, Vol. XI, No. 5, pp. 21-30. Dutton, G., Australian Women, Woman and Love, Quadrant, Vol. XXVIII, No. 12, December, 1984, pp. 36-43. Eldershaw, F., History as the Raw Material of Literature, Royal Australian Historical Society, Journal and Proceedings, Vol. XX, Part 1, 1934, pp. 1-17. Ellis, H., Birth Control and Eugenics, Eugenics Review, Vol. IX, No. 1, 1917, pp. 32-41. J. K. Ewers, Introductory Survey of Trends in Modern Australian Fiction, in G. V. Hubble (ed.), Modern Australian Fiction, A Bibliography, 1940-1965, Perth, 1969. Ferrier, C., The Death of the Family in Some Novels by Women of the Forties Fifties, Hecate, Vol. II, No. 2, 1976, pp. 48-61. `Writing the History of Womens Writing, A Review of Drusilla Modjeskas Exiles at home: Australian Women Writers, 1925- 45, Hecate, Vol. VIII, No. 1, 1982, pp. 77-81. Gerster, R., A Bellyful of Bali: Travel, Writing and Australia/Asia Relationships, Australlan Literary Studies, Vol. 17, No. 4, 1996, pp. 353-63. Gollan, R. A., American Populism and Australian Utopianism, Labour History, No. 9, November, 1965, pp. 15-21. `Some Consequences of the Depression, Labour History, No. 17, 1970, pp. 182-86. Green, H. M., Australian Literature 1941, Southerly, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1942. `Australian Literature 1945, Southerly, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1946, p„ 214. `Australian Literature 1948, Southerly, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1949, p. 135. Green, K., Xavier Herbert, H. G. Wells and J. S. Huxley: Unexpected British Connections, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1, May, 1985, pp. 47-64. Green, D., Love and the Thirteenth Chapter of Corinthians, The Bulletin , December 21-28, 1982, pp. 188-95. Haynes, R., H. G. Wells in Australia, Australian Literary Studies, Vol, 14, No. 3, May, 1990, pp. 336-58. 242

Henderson, J. B., William Lane, the Prophet of Socialism, The Tragic Paraguayan Experiment, Royal Historical Society of Queensland Journal, Vol. VIII, No. 3, 1967-68, pp. 525-45. Heseltine, H. P., Australian Image, The Literary Heritage, Meanjin Quarterly, No. 1, 1962, pp. 35-49. Hooton, J., tife-Lines in Stormy Seas: Some Recent Collections of Womens Diaries and Letters, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 16, No. 1, May, 1993, pp. 3-13. Howarth, R. G., The Escape of Sir William Heans, Southerly, No. 3, 1946. Keneally, T., The Australian Novel, Age, 3/2/68, p. 22. `Doing Research for Historical Novels, The Australian Author, January, 1975, pp. 27-.29. Lovejoy, A., The Meaning of Romanticism for the Historian of Ideas, Journal of the History cf Ideas, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1941, pp. 257-278. `On the Discrimination of Romanticisms, Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, Vo. XXXIX, No. 2, June, 1924. Low, J., Speaking of the Past: The Blue Mountains Through Oral History, in P. Stanbury (ed.), The Blue Mountains, Grand Adventure for All, Leura, N.S.W., The Macleay Museum/Second Back Row Press, 1988. p. 177-79. Macainsh, N., Australian Literature and Europe, The Journal of Commonwealth Literature, Vol. XIII, No. 1, 1978, pp. 50-8. Macartney, F. T., Literature and the Aborigines, in C. Semmler (ed.), Twentieth Century Australian Literary Criticism, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1967 Martin, D., Among the Bones. What are our Novelists looking for? Meanjin, April, 1959, pp. 52-8. Matthews, B., "A kind of Semi-Sociological Literary Criticism": George Orwell, Kylie Tennant and others, Westerly, No. 2, June, 1981, pp. 65- 72. McCarthy, J. M., All for Australia: Some Right Wing Responses to the Depression in New South Wales, 1929-1932, Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, June, 1971, pp. 160-71. McGann, J. J., Romanticism and the Embarrassments of Critical Tradition, Modern Philology, Vol. 70, 1972, pp. 243-57. McGuanne, J. P., Benelong Point and Fort Macquarie, Royal Australian Historical Society, Journal and Proceedings, Vol. I, Part 2, 1906, pp. 9-13. McLaren, J., Reviews, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 16, No. 1, May, 1993, pp. 119-21. McQueen, H., A Race Apart, Arena, No. 19, 1969, pp. 62-73. `Images of Society in Australian Criticism, Arena, No. 31, 1973, pp. 44-51. Merewether, C., Social Realism: The Formative Years, Arena, No. 46, 1977, pp. 65-80. Molloy, B., An Interview with Frank Hardy (1973), Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 7, No. 4, October, 1976, pp. 356-74. 243

Moore, T. I., Australian Literature 1901-51, Australian Quarterly, Vol. 23, No. 2, June, 1951, pp. 57-66. Munro, C, Australia First - Women Last: Pro-Fascism and Anti- Feminism in the 1930s, Hecate, pp -25-34. Nile, R. and Walker, D., Marketing the Literary Imagination: Production of Australian Literature, 1915-1965, in L. Hergenhan (ed.), The Penguin New Literary History of Australia, pp. 284-302. Palmer, N., Are We an International Scandal?, Steads Review, July 1, 1931, p. 36. Pearce, S., Changing Places: Working-Class Women in the Fiction of the Depression, Westerley, Vol. XXXI, No. 4, pp. 41-51. Phillips, A. A., Australian Image, The Literary Heritage Re-Assessed, Meanjin Quarterly, No. 2, June, 1962, pp. 173-80. The Cross-Eyed Clio: Humphrey McQueen and the Australian Tradition, Meanjin, Vol. 30, No. 1, March, 1971, pp. 108-14. Pierce, P., The Australian Experience in the Second World War, in H. Heseltine (ed.), The Shock of Battle, Campbell, A.C.T., English Department, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, pp. 73-90. `Preying on the Past: Contexts of Some Recent Neo-Historical Fiction, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 15, No. 4, October, 1992. pp. 304-12. Piper, H., The Background of Romantic Thought, Quadrant, Vol. II, No. 5, December, 1957. Prichard, K. S., Lawrence in Australia, Meanjin, Vol. 9, 1950, pp. 252- 59. Henry Handel Richardson, Overland, No. 1, 1954, pp. 9-10. Reid, The Australian City Novel, Quadrant, Vol. XIV, No. 5, October, 1970, pp. 26-31. `Sheep Without a Fold, Publishing and Fiction-writers in the `Thirties, Meanjin Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1974. `A Splendid Bubble: Publishing and Fiction-writing in the `Thirties, Meanjin Quarterly, Spring, 1974, pp. 266-71. Richardson, B.E., The Aborigine in Fiction: A Survey of Attitudes Since 1900, Armidale and District Historical Society Journal, No. 12, 1969, pp. 1-13. Roderick, C., The Convict Period and Its Literature, Caliban, XIV, 1977, pp. 149-63. Ryall, J., Womens Peacetime World, Australian Home Budget, July, 1945, pp. 20-1. Ryan, J. S., The Evolution of Australian Fiction, Literary Criterion, VI, No. 3, 1964, pp. 38-46. `A History of Australia as Epic, in C. Bridge (ed.), Manning Clark, Essays on his Place in History, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1994, pp. 61-9. Ryan, P., Manning Clark, Quadrant, September, 1993, pp. 9-22. Sharkey, M., At Varuna, Overland, No. 124, 1991, p. 39. 244

Sharrard, P., Introduction, New Literatures Review, No. 17, 1989. pp. 1-7. Shaw, A. G. L., Some Aspects of the History of New South Wales 1788- 1810, Royal Australian Historical Society, Journal and Proceedings, Vol. 57, Part 2, June, 1971, pp. 93-112. `Rum Corps and Rum Rebellion, Melbourne Historical Journal, Vol. 10, 1971, pp. 15-23. Sheridan, S., Women, Writing and War: Looking Back at the 1930s, Meanjin, Vol. 41, No. , pp. 89-96. Stevenson, P., Women in the Australian Novel, Armidale and District Historical Society Journal, Vol. 16, 1973, pp. 53-7. Stone, J., Brazen Hussies and Gods Police: Feminist Historiography and the Depression, Hecate, Vol.. 8, No. 1, 1982, pp. 6-25. Sturma, M., Eye of the Beholder: The Stereotype of Women Convicts, 1788-1852, Labour History, Vo., 34, 1978, . Summers, A., The Self Denied, Australian women writers - their image of women, Refractory Girl, No. 2, 1973, pp. 4-11. Tennant, K., Australian Literature Today, Opinion, Vol. VII, 1963, pp. 32-9. Tick, S., Casebook for a Novelist: Chester Cobb, Southerly, Vol. 21, No. 4, 1961, pp. 21-35. Turner, I., Socialist History aid the Socialist Historian, Arena, No. 11, 1966, pp. 11-19. Vogler, T. A., Romanticism and Literary Periods: The Future of the Past, New German Critique, Vol. 38, 1986, pp. 131-160. Ward, R., The Social Fabric, in A. L. McLeod (ed.), The Pattern of Australian Culture, Me bourne, Oxford University Press, 1963, pp. 13-41. Waters, W. J., Labor, Socialism and World War II, Labour History, No. 16, May, 1969, pp. 14-9. Wells, J., Literature and Social Responsibility: The Postwar Years, Journal of Australian Studies, No. 20, May, 1987, pp. 68-75. The Writers League: a study in literary and working-class politics, Meanjin, Vol. 46, 1987, pp. 527-34. Wilding, M., "A New Show": The Politics of Kangaroo `, Southerly XXX, 1970, pp. 20-40. `Between Scylla and Charybdis: Kangaroo and the Form of the Political Novel, Australian Literary Studies, Vol. 4, No. 4, October, 1970, pp. 334-48. Wilkes, G. A., Going Over the Terrain in a Different Way: An Alternative View of Australian Literary History, Southerly, No. 2, 1975, pp. 141-156. Wright, A., The Australian Womens Weekly, Depression and the War Years, Romance and Reality, Refractory Girl, No. 3, 1973, pp. 9- 13. Yeatman, A., The Liberation of Women, Arena, No. 21, 1970. Unnamed author, Literature in Australia, Current Affairs Bulletin, Vol. 6, September 11, 1950, pp. 211-22. 245

Books (1) Australian authors or other authors writing about Australia

Anderson, J., Cullum, G. and Lycos, K. (eds.), Art Reality, John Anderson on literature and aesthetics, Sydney, Hale lremonger, 1982. Aplin, G. (ed.), A Difficult Infant, Sydney before Macquarie, Kensington, New South Wales University Press, 1988. Argyle, B., An Introduction to the Australian Novel 1830-1930, London, Oxford University Pres:3, 1972. Baker, A. W., Death is a Good Solution: The Convict Experience in Early Australia, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1984. Barnard, M., Australian Outline, A Brief History of Australia, Sydney, Ure Smith, 1949. Barnes, J. (ed.), The Writer in Australia: A Collection of literary documents, 1856-1964, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1969. Baynton, B., Bush Studies, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1965. Beasley, J., Socialism and the Novel, A Study of Australian Literature, Sydney, J. Beasley, 1957. Red Letter Days, notes from inside an era, Sydney, Australasian Book Society, Sydney, 1979. Berzins, B., The Coming of the Strangers, Life in Australia 1788-1822, Sydney, Collins/State Library of New South Wales, 1988. Bickel, L., Australias First Lady, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1991. Blake, L. J., Australian Writers, Adelaide, Rigby, 1968. Bolton, G., Spoils and Spoilets, a history of Australians shaping their environment, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1981. Boyd, M., (Martin Mills), The 114ontforts, London, Constable, 1928. Brennan, C., Selected Poems, Chosen with an introduction by G. A. Wilkes, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1979. Broadbent, J. and Hughes, J. (eds.), The Age of Macquarie, Carlton, Melbourne University Press/Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales, 1992. Broome, R., Aboriginal Australians: Black Response to White Dominance 1788-198C, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1982. Brydon, D., Christina Stead, London, Macmillan, 1987. Buckridge, P., The Scandalous Penton, A Biography, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1994. Burns, D. R., The Directions of Australian Fiction 1920-1974, Melbourne, Cassell, 1975. Cambridge, A., A Marked Man, Some Episodes in His Life, London, Pandora, 1987. 246

Materfamilias, London, Ward, Lock Co., undated. The Devastators, London, Methuen, 1901. The Eternal Feminine, London, George Bell, 1907. Campion, E., A Place in the City, Ringwood, Penguin, 1994. Cantrell, L., Bards, Bohemians and Bookmen, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1976. Capp, F., Writers Defiled, Ringwood, Penguin, 1993. Carter, P., The Road to Botany Bay: an essay in spatial history, London, Faber Faber, 1987. Living in a New Country: History, travelling and language, London, Faber Faber, 1992. Chisholm, A. R. and Quinn, J. J. (eds.), The Prose of Christopher Brennan, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1962. Clark, A., Christopher Brennan: A critical biography, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1980. Clark, C. M. H., A History of Australia, Vol. I, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1962. A History of Australia, Vol. VI, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1987. The Quest for Grace, Ringwood, Penguin, 1990, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1994. Cobb, C., Mr. Moffatt, London, Allen Unwin, 1925. Days of Disillusion, London, Allen Unwin, 1926. Coleman, P. (ed.), Australian Civilization: A Symposium, Melbourne, Cheshire, 1962. Conway, R., The Great Australian Stupor, An Interpretation of the Australian Way of Life, Melbourne, Sun Books, 1985. Crittenden, V., The Voyage a the First Fleet 1787-88, Taken from contemporary accounts, Canberra, Mulini Press, 1981.. Curthoys, A. and Merritt, J. (eds.), Australias First Cold War 1945- 1953, Vol. 1, Society, Communism and Culture, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1984. Cusack, D., Jungfrau, Ringwood, Penguin, 1989. `Comets Soon Pass, in Three Australian Three-Act Plays, Sydney, Australasian Publishing Co., 1950. (with Florence James), Come In Spinner, London, Heinemann, 1951. A Window in the Dark, edited by D. Adelaide, Canberra, National Library of Australia, 1991. Dale, L., The English Men, Professing Literature in Australian Universities, Toowoorr ba, Association for the Study of Australian Literature, University of Southern Queensland, 1997. Damousi, J., Women Come Pally: Socialism, Communism and Gender in Australia, 1890-1955, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1994. Daniels, K. and Murnane, M. (eds.), Uphill All the Way: A Documentary 247

History of Women in Australia, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1980. Davison, F. D., While Freedom Lives, Sydney, printed by Tomalin Wigmore for F. D. Davison, 1938. The White Thorn Tree, Sydney, Ure Smith, Vols. I and II, 1968 and 1970. The Wells of Beersheba and Other Stories, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1985. Day, A. G., Modern Australian Prose 1901-75: A Guide to Information Sources, Detroit, Gale Research Co., 1980. Devanny, The Butchers Shop, London, Oxford University Press, 1982. Point of Departure: The Autobiography of Jean Devanny, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press (edited by C. Ferrier and posthumously published), 1986. Dever, M. (ed.), Wallflowers and Witches, Women and Culture in Australia, 1910-1945, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1994. M. Barnard Eldershaw, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1995.. Docker, J., Australian Cultural Elites: Intellectual traditions in Sydney and Melbourne, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1974. In a Critical Condition, Reading Australian Literature, Ringwood, Penguin, 1984. Durack, M., Keep Him My Codntry, Adelaide, Seal Books, 1973. The Aborigines in Australian Literature, Western Australian Institute of Technology. Department of English, 1978. Dutton, G. (ed.), The Literature of Australia, Ringwood, Penguin, 1964, (ed.), The Literature of Australia, Ringwood, Penguin, 1985. Snow on the Saltbush: the Australian Literary Experience, Ringwood, Viking, 1984. The Innovators, the Sydney alternatives in the rise of modern art, literature and ideas, Melbourne, Macmillan, 1986. Eggleston, F. W., Search for a Social Philosophy, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1941. Eldershaw, M. B., A House is Built, Sydney, Australasian Publishing Co./George G. Harrap Co. Ltd., 1967. Green Memory, London, George Harrap, 1931. Plaque With Laurel, London, George Harrap, 1937. Phillip of Australia: An Account of the Settlement of Sydney Cove 1788-92, London, Harrap, 1938. The Life and Times of Captain John Piper, Sydney, Ure Smith/The National Trust of Australia (N.S.1,1/.), 1973. Tomorrow and Tomorrow and Tomorrow, London, Virago, 1983. Elliott, B., Singing to the Cattle and other Australian Essays, Melbourne, Georgian House, 1947. 248

Evatt, H. V., Rum Rebellion: A Study of the Overthrow of Governor Bligh by John Macarthur and the New South Wales Corps, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1947. Ewers, J. K., Creative Writing in Australia, Melbourne, Georgian House, 1966. Fellowship of Australian Writers (ed.), Australian Writers Speak: Literature and Life in Australia, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1942. Fitzhardinge, L. F. (ed.), Sydneys First Four Years, Sydney, Library of Australian History, 1979. Franklin, M., Laughter, Not for a Cage, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1956. All That Swagger, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1974. (with Cusack, D.), Pioneers on Parade, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1988. Frost, A., Arthur Phillip 1736-1814, His Voyaging, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1987 Botany Bay Mirages, Illusions of Australia s Convict Beginnings, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1994. Gerster, R., Big-Noting, The Heroic Theme in Australian War Writing, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1992. Gibson, R., The Diminishing Paradise, Changing Literary Perceptions of Australia, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1984. Giuffre, G., A Writing Life, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1990. Green, H. M., A History of Australian Literature, Pure and Applied, Vols. I and II, Revised by Dorothy Green, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1984. Gribble, J., Christina Stead, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1994. Hadgraft, Australian Literature: A Critical Account to 1955, London, Heinemann, 1960. Haese, R., Rebels and Precursors, The Revolutionary Years of Australian Art, Ringwood, Penguin, 1981. Hallows, J., The Dreamtime Society, Sydney, Collins, 1970. Hardy, F., The Four-legged Lottery, London, T„ Werner Laurie, 1958. Harris, A., (An Emigrant Mechanic), Settlers and Convicts, Recollections of Sixteen Years Labour in the Australian Backwoods, edited by C.M.H. Clark, 1953. Harrower, E., The Long Prospect, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1988. The Watchtower, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1987. Head, B. and Walker, J. (eds.), Intellectual Movements and Australian Society, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1988. Healy, J. J., Literature and the Aborigine in Australia, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1989. Heddle, E. M., Australian Literature Now, A Readers Survey, London, Longmans, Green Cc., 1949. 249

Herbert., X., Capricornia, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1956. Poor Fella My Country, Sydney, Collins, 1975. Hergenhan, L. (ed.), The Penguin New Literary History of Australia, Ringwood, 1988. Unnatural Lives, Studies in Australian Fiction about the Convicts, from James Tucker to Patrick White, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1983. Hewett, D., Wild Card, An Autobiography 1923-1958, Ringwood, McPhee Gribble/Penguin, 1990. Hill, E., My Love Must Wait, The Story of Matthew Flinders, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1941. Hirst, J. B., Convict Society and its Enemies: A History of Early New South Wales, Sydney, George Allen Unwin, 1983. Hodge, B. and Mishra, V., Dark Side of the Dream: Australian Literature and the Postcolonial Mind, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1991. Horne, D., The Lucky Country Revisited, Melbourne, Dent, 1987. Horton, D. (Gen. ed.), The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia, Vols. 1 and 2, Canberra, Aboriginal Studies Press/Australian Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Studies, 1994. Jenkins, D., Battle Surface: Japans Submarine VVar Against Australia, 1942-1944, Sydney, Random House, 1992. Johnston, G., Clean Straw for Nothing, London, Collins, 1969. Johnston, G., Australian Literary Criticism, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1962. Annals of Australian Literature, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1970. Kaberry, Aboriginal Women: Sacred and Profane, New York, Gordon Press, 1973. Kiernan, B., Images of Society and Nature: Seven essays on Australian novels, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1971. Kingston, B., My Wife, My Daughter and Poor Mary Ann: Women and Work in Australia, Melbourne, Nelson, 1975. Keneally, T., Bring Larks and Heroes, Melbourne, Cassell, 1967. The Cut-Rate Kingdom, Sydney, Wildcat Press, 1980. The Playmaker, Sydney, Hodder Stoughton, 1987. By the Line (Revised Edition of The Fear), St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1989. Woman of the Inner Sea, London, Hodder Stoughton, 1992. Kramer, L. (ed.), The Oxford History of Australian Literature, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1981. Lancaster, G. B., Pageant, Sydney, Endeavour Press, 1934. Lane, W. (J. Miller), The Working Mans Paradise, An Australian Labour Novel, Sydney. Cosme Publishing Co., 1948. Lansbury, C., Arcady in Australia, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1971. 250

Lawrence, D. H., Kangaroo, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1982. Leakey, C. (Keese, 0.), The Broad Arrow, The Story of Maida Gwynnham, a Lifer in Van Diemans Land, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1988. Lee, J., Mead, P. and Murnane, G. (eds.), The Temperament of Generations, Fifty years of writing in Meanjin, Carlton, Meanjin/Melbourne University Press, 1990. Lewis, L. J. and Turner, I. (ed.s.), The Depression of the 1930s, Stanmore, N.S.W., Cassell Australia,1968. Lines, W. J., Taming the Great South Land, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1991 Lowenstein, Weevils in the Flour : An oral record of the 1930s depression in Australia, Melbourne, Hyland House, 1978. Macartney, ET., A Historical Outline of Australian Literature, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1957. Australian Literary Essays, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1957. Mackinolty, J. (ed.), The Wasted Years? Australias Great Depression, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1981. Marshall, A., How Beautiful Are Thy Feet, Melbourne, Chesterhill Press, 1949. Marshall, A. J., Australia Limited, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1943. Mayer, H. and Nelson, H., Australian Politics, A Third Reader, Melbourne, Cheshire, 1973. McGregor, C., Profile of Australia, Hodder and Stoughton, 1966. The Australian People, Sydney, Hodder and Stoughton, 1980. McKernan, S., A Question of Commitment, Australian Literature in the Twenty Years after the War, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1989. McLaren, J., Australian Literature, An Historical Introduction, Melbourne, Longman Cheshire, 1989. McLeod, A. L. (ed.), The Pattern of Australian Culture, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1963. McMurchy, M., Oliver, M. and Thomley, J., For Love or Money, Ringwood, Penguin, 1983. McQueen, H., A New Britannia, Ringwood, Penguin, 1975. The Black Swan of Trespass: The emergence of modernist painting in Australia to 1914, Sydney, Alternative Publishing Co-operative. Ltd., 1979. Gallipoli to Petrov: Arguing With Australian History, Sydney, Geo. Allen Unwin, 19840 Meller, L., A Leaf of Laurel, London, Faber Faber, 1933. Miller, E. M., and Macartney, F. T., Australian Literature: A Bibliography to 1938, Extended to 1950, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1956. Modjeska, D. (ed.), Inner Cities: Australian Womens Memory of Place, Ringwood, Penguin, 1989. Poppy, Ringwood, McPhee Gribble/Penguin, 1990. 251

Moore, T. I., Social Patterns in Australian Literature, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1971. Milliss, R., Serpents Tooth, Ringwood, Penguin, 1984. Munro, C., Wild Man of Letters: The Story of P. R. Stephensen, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1984., Murdoch, W., Collected Essays, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1941. OReilly, D., Tears and Triumph, Sydney, Beatty, Richardson Co., 1913. Five Corners, Sydney, Beatty, Richardson Co., 1920. The Prose and Verso of Dowell OReilly, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1924. OReilly, M. (ed.), Dowell OReilly from his Letters, London, Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent Co. Ltd., 1927. Palmer, N., Fourteen Years, Melbourne, Meanjin Press, 1948. Palmer, V., The Man Hamilton, London, Ward , Lock Co., 1928. The Passage, London, Stanley Paul, undated [1938]. The Swayne Family, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1934. Park, R., The Harp in the South, Sydney, Angus Robertson,1950. Poor Mans Orange, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1950. A Fence Around the Cuckoo, Ringwood, Penguin, 1993. Fishing in the Styx, Ringwood, Viking, 1993. Penton, B., Landtakers, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1963. Inheritors, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1936. Think - Or Be Damned, A subversive note on national pride, patriotism, and other forms of respectable ostrichism practised in Australia, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1941. Advance Australia - Where?, London, Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1943. Phillips, A.A., The Australian Tradition, Studies in a Colonial Culture, Melbourne, Cheshire-Lansdowne, 1966. Responses: Selected Writings, Australia International Press and Publications Pty Ltd., Kew, Victoria, 1979. Prichard, K. S., The Pioneers, London, Hodder Stoughton, 1915. Coonardoo (The Weil in the Shadow), Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1976. Intimate Strangers, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1976. The Roaring Nineties, London, Virago, 1983. Golden Miles, London, Virago, 1984. Winged Seeds, London, Virago, 1984. Ramsland, J., Children of the Backlanes: Destitute and Neglected Children in Colonial New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales University Press, 1986. 252

Ray, J. J. (ed.), Conservatism as Heresy, an Australian Reader, Sydney, Australian and New Zealand Book Co., 1974. Reese, T. R., Australia in the Twentieth Century, A Political History, Melbourne, F. W. Cheshire, 1964. Reid, I., Fiction and the Great Depression, Australia and New Zealand 1930-1950, Melbourne, Edward Arnold (Australia), 1979. Reiger, K., The Disenchantment of the Home: Modernizing the Australian Family 1880-1940, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1985. Reynolds, H., The Other Side of the Frontier, An interpretation of the Aboriginal response to the invasion and settlement of Australia, Townsville, James Cook University, 1981. The Law of the Land, Ringwood, Penguin„ 1987. Dispossession: Black Australians and White Invaders, Sydney, Allen Unwire, 1989. Richardson, H. H., Maurice Guest, London, Virago, 1981. The Fortunes of Richard Mahony : Australia Felix, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1977; The Way Home, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1976; Ultima Thule, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1978. Rigg, J., In Her Own Right, Sydney, Nelson, 1969. and Copeland, J. (eds.), Coming Out! Womens Voices, Womens Lives, Melbourne, Nelson/Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1985. Robinson, P., The Hatch and Brood of Time, A Study of the first generation of native-born Australians 1788-1828, Vol. I, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1985. The Women of Botany Bay, Sydney, Macquarie Library, 1988. Robson, L. L., The Convict Settlers of Australia, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1965. Roderick, C., The Australian IVovel (A Historical Anthology), Sydney, William Brooks Co. Ltd., 1945. An Introduction to Australian Fiction, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1950. Roe, J. (ed.), My Congenials, Miles Franklin Friends in Letters, Vol. 1 1879-1938; My Congenials, Miles Franklin Friends in Letters, Vol. 2, 1939-1954 , Sydney, State Library of N. S. W. /Angus Robertson, 1993. Roe, M., Nine Australian Pro gressives, Vitalism in Bourgeois Social Thought 1890-1960, SI. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1984. Ryan, E. and Conlon, A. (eds.), Gentle Invaders, Australian Women at Work 1788-1974, Melbourne, Nelson, 1975. Ryan, J. S. (ed.), Gleanings From Greeneland, Armidale, University of New England, 1972. Serle, G., The Creative Spirit in Australia, A Cultural History, Richmond (Vic.), William Heinemann, 1987. Sheridan, S., Along the Faultlines, Sex, Race and Nation in Australian 253

Womens Writing, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1995. Sinnett, F., The Fiction Fields of Australia, edited by C. Hadgraft, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1966. Smith, B., A Cargo of Women . Susannah Watson and the Convicts of the Princess Royal, Sydney, New South Wales University Press, Sydney, 1988. Smith, V. (ed.), Nettie Palmer - Her private journal, Fourteen Years, poems, reviews and literary essays, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1988. Spearritt, P. and Walker, D. (eds.), Australian Popular Culture, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1979. Spence, C. H., Handfasted, Ringwood, Penguin, 1984. Spender, D., Writing a New World: Two Centuries of Australian Women Writers, London, Pandora, 1988. Stanbury, P. (ed.), The Blue Mountains, Grand Adventure for All, Leura, N.S.W., The Macleay Museum/Second Back Row Press, 1988. Stanner, W. E. H., After the Dreaming, Sydney, ABC Enterprises, 1991. Stead, C., The Salzburg tales, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1974. Seven Poor Men of Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1934. The Man Who Loved Children, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1977. Stephensen, P. R., The Foundations of Culture in Australia, An Essay towards National Self Respect, Gordon (N.S.W.), J. Miles, 1936. Stewart, D., Writers of The Bulletin, Sydney, Australian Broadcasting Commission, 1977. Stow, R., To the Islands, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1981. Strahan, L., Just City and the Mirrors, Meanjin Quarterly and the Intellectual Front, 194C-1965, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1984. Summers, A., Damned Whores and Gods Police, The Colonization of Women in Australia, Ringwood, Penguin, 1985. Tacey, D., The Edge of the Sacred, Transformation in Australia, Melbourne, Harper Collins, 1995. Tate, A., Ada Cambridge, Her Life and Work 1844- . 1926, Carlton, Melbourne University Press, 1991. Tennant, K., Foveaux, Sydney, The Harbour Press, 1939. The Battlers, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1983. Ride On Stranger, Melbourne, MacMillan, 1968. The Australian Novel, Armidale, University of New England, 1979. Timms, E. V., Forever to Remain, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1957. The Pathway of the Sun, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1971. The Beckoning Shore, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1954. 254

The Valleys Beyond, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1951. Turner, G., National Fictions„Literature, film, and the construction of Australian narrative, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1986. Turner, L, The Australian Dream, Melbourne, Sun Books, 1968. Room for Manoeuvre, Writings on History, Politics, Ideas and Play, Richmond (Vic.), Drummond, 1982. Vickers, F. B., Though Poppies Grow, Melbourne, ,Australasian Book Society, 1958. Walker, D., Dream and Disillusion: A search for Australian cultural identity, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1976. Walker, S., The Poetry of Judith Wright, A Search for Unity, Melbourne, Edward Arnold (Australia) Ltd., 1980. White, P., Happy Valley, London, Harrap, 1939. The Living and the Dead, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1977 The Tree of Man, Hai mondsworth, Penguin, 1976. Voss, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1979. Riders in the Chariot, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1976. The Burnt Ones, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1975. The Solid Mandala, London, Eyre Spottiswood, 1966, The Vivisector, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1977. The Eye of the Storm, Harmondsworth, 1977 A Fringe of Leaves, Harmondsworth, 1979. White, R., Inventing Australia: Images and Identity 1688-1980, Sydney, Allen Unwin, 1981. Whitlock, G. (ed.), Eight Voices of the Eighties, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1989. and Carter, D. (eds.), Images of Australia, An lntroductorary Reader in Australian Studies, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press, 1992. Wilde, W. W., Hooton, J., and Andrews, B. (eds.), The Oxford Companion to Australian Literature, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1985. Wilkes, G. A., Australian Literature: A Conspectus, Sydney, Angus Robertson, 1969. The Stockyard and tile Croquet Lawn: Literary Evidence for Australias Cultural Development, Melbourne, Edward Arnold, 1981 Windschuttle, E. (ed.), Women, Class and History, Feminist Perspectives on Australia 1788-1978, London, Collins, 1980. Wright, J., Preoccupations in Australian Poetry, Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1965 255

Books (2) Other Authors

Abrams, M. H., The Mirror and the Lamp, Romantic Theory and the Critical Tradition, New York, Oxford University Press, 1953. Atkins, J., Six Novelists look at Society, London, John Calder, 1977, Bahktin, M. M., The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays (translated by C. Emerson and M. Holquist), Austin, University of Texas Press, 1981. Rabelais and His World (translated by H. Iswolsky), Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 1984. Baker, E.A., The History of the English Novel, New York, Barnes Noble, 1950. Barzun, J., Classic, Romantic and Modern, New York, Anchor Books, 1961 Batho, E.C. and Dobree, B., The Victorians and After, 1830-1914, London, The Cresset Press, 1950. Belgion, M., H. G. Wells, London, Longmans, Green Co., 1955. Belsey, C., Critical Practice, London, Menthuen, 1980. Bergonzi, B. (ed.), The Twentieth Century, London, Sphere Books, 1970. Berlin, I., Four Essays on Liberty, London, Oxford University Press, 1969. Blamires, H., Twentieth-Century English Literature, London, Macmillan, 1986. Bottome, P., The Mortal Storm, Bath, Cedric Chiveirs, 1975. Brander, L., Aldous Huxley, A Critical Study, London, Rupert Hart- Davis, 1969. Brooke, J., Aldous Huxley, London, Longmans, Green Co., 1958. Bryce, J., Modern Democracies, Vols. I and II, London, Macmillan, 1921 Burgess, A., Perfect World Limited, Melbourne, Robertson Mullens, 1942. Butler, M., Romantics, Rebels and Reactionaries, New York, Oxford University Press, 1982. Butterfield, H., Man on His Past, The Study of the History of Historical Scholarship, London, Cambridge University Press, 1955. The Whig Interpretation of History, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1973. Chase, S., The Tyranny of WDrds, London, Harcourt Brace, 1959.

Church, R., British Authors, A Twentieth Century Gallery, London, Longmans, Green CD., 1943. Cixous, H., Angst (translated by J. Levy), London, John Calder, 1985. and Clement, C., The Newly Born Woman (translated by B. Wing), University of Minnesota Press, 1986. Clark, I., Edwardian Drama, A Critical Study, London, Faber and Faber, 1989. 256

Clark, K. B., Pathos of Power, New York, Harper Row, 1975. Clurman, H., Ibsen, New York, Da Capo, 1977. Connell, R. W., Ruling Class, Ruling Culture, London, Cambridge University Press, 1977. Cox, C. B. and Dyson, A. E. (eds.), The Twentieth-Century Mind, History, Ideas and Literature in Britain, Vols. I, II and Ill, London, Oxford University Press, 1972. Davis, R. M. (ed.), The Novel: Modern Essays in Criticism, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, 1969. Dewey, J., The Quest for Certainty: A Study of the Relation of Knowledge and Action, New York, Capricorn Books, 1960. Dunne, T. (ed.), The Writer as Witness: literature as historical evidence, Cork, Cork University Press, 1987. Ellis, H., The Problem of Race, Regeneration, London, Cassell Co., 1911 Impressions Comments, Cambridge, Mass., Houghton Mifflin Co., 1924. Ellmann, R. and Feidelson, Jr. (eds.), The Modern Tradition, Backgrounds of Modem Literature, New York, Oxford University Press, 1965. Evans, I., English Literature Between the Wars, London, Methuen, 1948. Frame, J., An Adaptable Man, Christchurch, N.Z., Pegasus, 1965. Fromm, E., The Fear of Freedom, New York, Routledge Kegan Paul Ltd., 1955. Furst, L. R., Romanticism, London, Methuen, 1976. Galsworthy, J., Plays: The Silver Box, Joy, Strife, London, Duckworth Co., 1909. The Man of Property, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1967. In Chancery, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1921. To Let, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1921. The Forsyte Saga, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1927. Caravan: The Assembled Tales of John Galsworthy, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1925. Two Forsyte Interludes: A Silent Wooing, Passers By, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1928. A Modern Comedy, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1929. Maid in Waiting, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1931. Flowering Wilderness, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1934. Over the River, London, Heinemann, 1933. On Forsyte Change, London, Heinemann, 1967. Giffin, F. C. and Smith, R. D. (eds.), Against the Grain: An Anthology of Dissent, Past and Present, New York, Mentor, 1971. Goldschmidt, W. (ed.), Readirgs in the Ways of Mankind, Vols. 1 and 2, Boston, The Beacon Press, 1958. 257

Gould, G., The English Novel of To-day, London, John Castle, 1924. Grant, D., Realism, London, Methuen, 1970.

Greene, G., England Made Me, London, Heinemann, 1947. Its a Battlefield, London, Heinemann, 1948. The Comedians, London, The Bodley Head, 1966. The Heart of the Matter, in Graham Greene, London, Guild Publishing, 1988. Griffin, S., A Chorus of Stones, The Private Life of War, London, The Womens Press Ltd., 1994. Halsted, J. B. (ed.), Romanticism, London, Macmillan, 1969. Hardy, H. (ed.), The Crooked Timber of Humanity, Chapters in the History of Ideas, London, John Murray, 1990. Hemingway, E., A Farewell to Arms, Frogmore, Triad/Panther, 1977. Henry, J., Culture Against Man, London, Social Science Paperbacks Tavistock Publications, 1966. Hinden, R. (ed.), R. H. Tawney: The Radical Tradtion, Twelve Essays on Politics, Education and Literature, London, Allen Unwin, 1964. Hobsbawm, E., Age of Extremes, The Short Twentieth Century 1914- 1991, London, Michael Joseph, 1995. Holloway, D., John Galsworthy, Sydney, Ure Smith Pty. Ltd., 1969. Holroyd, M., Bernard Shaw, Vol. II, 1898-1918, The Pursuit of Power, London, Chatto Wincius, 1989. Bernard Shaw, Vol. III, 1918-1950, The Lure of Fantasy, London, Chatto Windus, 1991. Howe, I., Politics and the Novel, New York, Meridian Books, 1960. Hugo, H. E. (ed.), The Portable Romantic Reader, New York, Viking, 1957. Huxley, A., Antic Hay, London, Chatto Windus, 1923. Point Counter Point, London, Chatto Windus, 1931. Brave New World, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1971. Ends and Means: An Enquiry into the Nature of Ideals and into the Methods employed for their Realization, London, Chatto Windus, 1941. Island, New York, Harper Row, 1962. Ibsen, H., An Enemy of the People (An Adaptation for the American Stage by A. Miller), New York, Dramatists Play Service Inc., 1951. Hedda Gabler and other plays, (Hedda Gabler and The Master Builder trans. by E. Le Gallienne, and John Gabriel Borkman trans. by N. Ginsbury), London, Dent, 1975. Plays: One - Ghosts, The Wild Duck, The Master Builder (trans. M. Meyer), London, Eyre Methuen, 1980. A Dolls House (trans. M. Meyer), London, Methuen, 1982. 258

Peer Gynt (trans. D. Rudkin), London, Methuen, 1983. Isherwood, C., Goodbye to Berlin, London, The Hogarth Press, 1939. Ka.mester, M. and Vellacott, J. (eds.), Militarism Versus Feminism: Writings on Women and War, London, Virago, 1987. Kaufmann, W. (ed.), The Portable Nietzsche, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1978. Lamb, A. and K., Hope, London, C. A. Watts Co. Ltd., 1971. Langbaum, R., The Modern Spirit, Essays on the Continuity of Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Literature, London, Chatto Windus, 1970. Laski, H. J., The State in Theory and Practice, London, George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1967. Leavis, Q., Fiction and the Rise of the Reading Public, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1979. Lewis, S., Babbit, New York, Harcourt Brace, 1922. Lifton, R. J., The Protean Self, Human Resilience in an Age of Fragmentation, Harper Collins, New York, 1993. Lukacs, G., The Historical Novel, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1969. McDonald, J., The New Drama 1900-1914, London, Macmillan, 1986. McFarlane, J. W. and Orton, G. (eds. and trans.), The Oxford Ibsen, London, Oxford University Press, 1960-1977. Meyer, S. (ed.), Dewey and Russell, An Exchange, New York, Philosophical Library, 1985. Miller, A., The Death of a Salesman, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1973. Mitchison, N., We Have Been Warned, London, Constable, 1935. Moi, T., Sexual/Textual politics: Feminist Literary Theory (1985) London, Methuen, 1985. More, T., Utopia (translated by Paul Turner), Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1978. Mortimer, J., Paradise Postpcned, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1986. Mottram, R. H., John Galsworthy, London, Longmans, Green Co., 1956. Mulgan, J., Report on Experience, Auckland, Oxford University Press, 1984 Murphy, G., Human Potentialities, London, George Allen Unwin Ltd., 1960. Nomad, M., Political Heretics, From Plato to Mao Tse-tung, Michigan, The University of Michigan Press, 1968. Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1983. OBrien, C. C., Writers and Politics, New York, Vintage Books, 1967. Pinero, A. W., Three Plays, London, Methuen, 1985. Pritchett, V. S., Why Do I Write? An Exchange of views between Elizabeth Bowen, Graham Greene and V. S. Prichett, London, P. Marshall, " 948. Roberts, M., The Tradition of Romantic Morality, London, Macmillan, 259

1973 Schlesinger, A. M. Jr., The Politics of Hope, London, Eyre Spottiswoode, 1964. Selby, H. Jr., Last Exit to Brooklyn, London, Calder Boyars, 1968. Shadbolt, M., Strangers and Journeys, London, Hodder Stoughton, 1975. Shaw, B., The Quintessence of Ibsenism, London, Constable, 1929. Plays Unpleasant :Widowers Houses, The Philanderer, Mrs. Warrens Profession, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1946. Man and Superman, .4 Comedy and a Philosophy, London, Constable, 1929. Major Barbara, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1961.

The Doctors Dilemma, Getting Married and The Shewing-Up of Blanco Posnet, London, Constable, 1937. Misalliance, The Dark Lady of the Sonnets, Fannys First Play, With a Treatise on Parents and Children, London, Constable, 1930. Androcles and the Lion, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1949. Pygmalion, A Romance in Five Acts, London, Longmans, Green Co. /Constabli3,1964. Heartbreak House, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1964. Back to Methuselah: A Metabiological Pentateuch, London, Oxford University Press, 1945. The Intelligent Womans Guide to Socialism and Capitalism, London, Penguin, 1937. The Complete Plays Df Bernard Shaw, London, Odhams Press Ltd., 1934. Everybodys Political Whats What, London, Constable, 1944. Major Critical Essays, London, Constable, 1948. Sinclair, M., Mary Olivier: A Life, London, Virago, 1980. Sinfield, A. (ed.), Society and Literature 1945-1970, New York, Holmes Meyer, 1983. Somervell, D. C., Between tho Wars, London, Methuen, 1948. Stevenson, L., The English Novel, A Panorama, London, Constable Co. Ltd., 1961. The History of the English Novel, Volume .XI, Yesterday and After, New York, Barnes Noble, Inc., 1967. Stillinger, J. (ed.), The Correspondent Breeze, Essays on English Romanticism, New York, W. W. Norton Co., 1984. Tawney, R. H., The Acquisitive Society, London, Collins, 1961. Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, London, J. Murray, 1926. Trevelyan, G. M., Clio, A Muse and Other Essays, London, Longmans, Green and Co., 1949. 260

Tylee, C. M., The Great War and Womens Consciousness, Images of Militarism and Womanhood in Womens Writings, 1914-64, Iowa, University of Iowa Press, 1990. Wagar, W. W. (ed.), H. G. Wells, Journalism and Prophecy 1893-1946, London, The Bodley Head, 1964. Ward, A. C., Twentieth-Centur3 English Literature, 1901-1960, London, Methuen, 1966. Warner, R., The Aerodrome, London, The Bodley Head, 1982. Wells, H. G., The Time Machine, an invention, London, Wm. Heinemann,1895, The Island of Doctor Moreau, London, Wm. Heinemann, 1960. The War of the Worlds, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1964. When the Sleeper Awakes and Men Like Gods, London, Odhams, undated. Tono-Bungay and a Modern Utopia, London, Odhams Press,1909 undated. Ann Veronica: A Modern Love Story, London, T. Fisher Unwin, 1909, The History of Mr. Polly, London, Thomas Nelson Sons, 1910. Travels of a Republican Radical in Search of Hot Water, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1939. West, A., H. G. Wells, Aspects of a Life, New York, Meridian, 1984. Whitehead, A. N., Modes of Thought, New York, Macmillan,1968. Williams, R., Keywords, A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, Fontana/Croom Helm, 1981. Woodcock, G., The Writer and Politics, London, Porcupine Press, 1948. Woolf, V., Three Guineas, London, The Hogarth Press, 1986. Zinsser, W. (ed.), Paths of Resistance, The Art and Craft of the Political Novel, Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1989.

Theses Doecke, B., Australian Historical Novels of the 1930s and 1940s, Ph. D. Thesis, Deakin University, Harmes, B., The Fictional Treatment of Women in Inner-City Sydney from 1880-1950, M. Litt. Thesis, University of New England, 1991. Harrington, C. D., Landscape in Australian Fiction: The Rendering of a Human Environment, Ph. D. Thesis, Indiana University, 1970. Scheckter, J. S., The Conditions of :he Australian Novel, Ph. D. Thesis, The University of Iowa, 1981. Stuart, J. L., The Non-Historical Fiction of Eleanor Dark, M. Litt. Thesis, University of New England, 1989. 261

Works by E. P. Dark Medicine and the Social Order, Sydney, F. H. Booth and Son, Pty. Ltd., 1943. Who Are the Reds?, Sydney, F. H. Publishing Co., 1946 (with a foreword by Eleanor Dark). The World Against Russia, Sydney, Pinchgut Press, 1948. The Press Against the People, Bankstown, Pinnacle Press, 1949. Political Bias of the Press, Meanjin, Vol 8, No. 1, 1949.

Interviews with E. P. Dark R. Darby, Interview with Dr. Eric Dark, November 1980, transcript of tape, NLA, TRC 896, pp. 2-20. G. Giuffre, Eleanor Dark, Dr. Eric Dark Interviewed, Southerly, XLVII, No. 1, 1987. R. Macey, E. P. Dark Interviewed, The Sydney Morning Herald, 5/3/84.

Articles and Dossier concerning E. P. Dark Apthorpe, J., The Bookseller, in P. Stanbury (ed.), The Blue Mountains: Grand Adventure for All, Leura, N.S.W., The Macleay Museum/Second Back Row Press, 1988, pp. 177-79. Baxter, L., "Fires in the Fall": The Story of a rational reformer, Dr. Eric Dark, New Doctor, No. 32, June, 1984. Low, J., Speaking of the Past: The Blue Mountains Through Oral History, in P. Stanbury (ed.), The Blue Mountains, Grand Adventure for All, Leura, N.S.W., The Macleay Museum/Second Back Row Press, 1988, pp. 174-77. Unnamed Author, typed manuscript, Dr. Dark and the Secret State, Springwood, The Blue Mountains Historical Library, undated. `Dr. E. P. Dark, M.D., (Commonwealth Investigation Branch dossier, Folio 2), Springwood, The Blue Mountains Historical Library, 7/5/1940. 261

Works by E. P. Dark Medicine and the Social Order, Sydney, F. H. Booth and Son, Pty. Ltd., 1943. Who Are the Reds?, Sydney, F. H. Publishing Co., 1946 (with a foreword by Eleanor Dark). The World Against Russia, Sydney, Finchgut Press, 1948. The Press Against the People, Bankstown, Pinnacle Press, 1949. "Political Bias of the Press, Meanjin, Vol 8, No. 1, 1949.

Interviews with E. P. Dark R. Darby, Interview with Dr. Eric Dark, November 1980, transcript of tape, NLA, TRC 896, pp. 2-20. G. Giuffre, Eleanor Dark, Dr. Eric Dark Interviewed, Southerly, XLVII, No. 1, 1987. R. Macey, E. P. Dark Interviewed, The Sydney Morning Herald, 5/3/84.

Articles and Dossier concerning E. P. Dark Apthorpe, J., The Bookseller, in P. Stanbury (ed.), The Blue Mountains: Grand Adventure for All, Leura, N.S.W., The Macleay Museum/Second Back Row Press, 1988, pp. 177-79. Baxter, L., "Fires in the Fall": The Story of a rational reformer, Dr. Eric Dark, New Doctor, No. 32, June, 1984. Low, J., Speaking of the Past: The 13lue Mountains Through Oral History, in P. Stanbury (ed.), The Blue Mountains, Grand Adventure for All, Leura, N.S.W., The Macleay Museum/Second Back Row Press, 1988, pp. 174-77. Unnamed Author, typed manuscript, Dr. Dark and the Secret State, Springwood, The Blue Mountains Historical Library, undated. `Dr. E. P. Dark, M.D., (Commonwealth Investigation Branch dossier, Folio 2), Springwood, The Blue Mountains Historical Library, 7/5/1940.