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Nigel Haward (Great Britain) in Britain People in the UK usually have , and dinner at home. All our are less formal than years ago. Most families try to have at least one a day together, but today members of a busy family may all eat at different times. Snacking is very popular, as is eating meals in front of the television.

The English national meals, fish and chips Roast meat (, and roast dinners, are also the traditional beef, lamb) is usually ones. The stereotype is fish and chips served with boiled or A full English cooked breakfast is a hot dish of fried bacon, sausage, served as a take-away meal wrapped in roast potatoes, peas, egg, tomatoes and sometimes mushrooms. It is usually served with newspaper. However, wrapping food in Brussels sprouts, a cup of or coffee. However, today people prefer a light breakfast newspaper is now banned under EU carrots, Yorkshire consisting of cereals or and toasts and marmalade. hygiene regulations. Fish and chips is pudding and, of , a balanced meal of carbohydrate (chips), . Gravy is made by taking the fat and drinks, chips and ‘turkey twizzlers’ was protein (fish), and fats (in the around juices from the cooked roast meat and run by the celebrity Jamie Oliver the fish and in oils). Sprinkled mixing them with flour and vegetable and has gone from a television programme with lots of salt and vinegar, and red or stock and perhaps some gravy browning. to government policy. brown , it lacks dietary fibre and This is mixed together into a liquid, Obesity in children is, however, some vitamins so it is not recommended brought slowly to the boil, seasoned increasing and the nation is in denial that you eat it every day. and then poured over the meat. It is quite about the problem. Where else can you go unlike any omáčka you will have tasted. and hear a very overweight person order In England, roast beef is one of the meals Yorkshire puddings are also made with for themselves “A TRIPLE burger, LARGE traditionally served at Sunday dinner. flour and fat and are like hollow crispy fries, a DOUBLE chocolate ice cream… buns. and a diet coke”? Tikka masala is said to be the nation’s most eaten meal today. Chicken tikka Read about various types of restaurants in the UK masala, one of the most popular Indian and about Irish at: www.bridge-online.cz dishes in the world, is covered with a (section: přístup žáci, nezveřejněné články). tomato gravy with cream or coconut cream and various . “Waiter, waiter, burgers and sugary drinks are I’d like to pay…” causing havoc with the health of young On special occasions people may go people. A recent campaign to improve out to dinner or supper to a restaurant food in schools and ban the dreaded fizzy or a pub. Depending on the type of restaurant, you can expect different levels of service. Restaurants curiosities Some smaller food outlets do not allow payment by credit card. Always Increasingly, restaurants in Britain check you have enough cash. are non-smoking. From next summer, In expensive restaurants, there all food outlets will be non-smoking, can be a service charge included including pubs. in the bill. Tipping added to the bill tends to be only in posher Wine in restaurants is very expensive. restaurants, but a tip is expected House wine is generally cheaper than whenever you are served at the table. from a named bottle. Some restaurants Sometimes there will be a bowl for are following the Australian style and any loose change next to the till. say B.Y.O. (bring your own). This will go to the waiter or waitress. Despite what you read in phrase If you ask for water, it will be straight books, we hardly use the term waiter from the tap unless you say mineral or waitress when we need something. water. Tap water is safe to drink A hand gesture or catching their eye everywhere in the UK and you should is sufficient. Shouting across the not be charged for it. room ‘Waiter!’ would make you look like a right idiot.

26 Bridge 06/2006–2007 {food} American eating habits Patrick Phillips (USA)

For many people American food means only one thing – McDonald’s. But American food is more than fast food. It is the ethnic food A take-away is when you order the food and then take it away to eat either in the car, that was brought to the the park or at home. Chinese and Indian US by immigrants, such take‑aways are very popular. Take‑aways do not have to be cheap, and some are very as Italians, Mexicans, and expensive. Greeks. And since almost everyone in the US is from Y Vocabulary somewhere else, there is a to snack [sn&k] - dát si něco malého, lehké jídlo lot of food to choose from! banned under EU hygiene regulations ["haIdZi:n rEgjU"leIS(@)nz] - zakázány podle hygienických předpisů EU batter ["b&t@] - těstíčko Breakfast and lunch are usually eaten on to sprinkle with ["sprINk(@)l] - posypat, pokapat the run. People have yogurt or a vinegar ["vInIg@] - ocet in the morning and then fast food at lunch. lacks dietary fibre ["faIb@] - postrádá zdravou vlákninu lamb [l&m] - skopové (maso) The evening is when Americans have And yes, there are hamburgers. But Brussels sprouts ["brVs(@)lz spraUts] more time to spend on eating, and that is a proper hamburger is not what you - růžičková kapusta when the biggest meal of the day is usually find at McDonald’s. The meat on a real juice [dZu:s] - šťáva eaten. At home, the evening meal typically hamburger must be at least 2.5 cm thick, flour ["flaU@] - mouka vegetable stock - zeleninový vývar has some kind of meat, a vegetable, and and be served on a thick, soft homemade is... brought slowly to the boil [bOIl] . But Americans work long hours, bun. From there you can have what you - pomalu se to přivede k varu so often they are too tired to cook, and want on it, such as cheese, onions, and to season ["si:z(@)n] - okořenit hollow crispy buns ["hQl@U "krIspi bVnz] bring home Chinese food or have a pizza ketchup. And if you don’t want , - duté křupavé bochánky delivered instead. you can have onion rings - slices of onion cream [kri:m] - smetana Americans love to eat out. Restaurants battered and fried to a golden brown. are causing havoc with ["h&v@k] - znamenají pohromu pro have friendly waiters and serve large So next time you think of American dreaded fizzy [drEdId "fIzi] - obávané perlivé portions at affordable prices. Italian food, don’t just think of McDonald’s, think was run by the [sI"lEbrIti Sef] - byla food is very popular. Pizza is served with of the world. American food comes from vedena známým kuchařem a choice of three different crusts - thin, almost every country on Earth, and it is in denial about [dI"naI(@)l] - zavírá oči před overweight person [@Uv@"weIt] - člověk s nadváhou medium, or thick, and for toppings you tastes great! house wine - rozlévané víno can get anything you want, including straight from the tap [t&p] - přímo z kohoutku double cheese or even tuna fish. levels of service ["lEv(@)lz "s@:vIs] - úroveň služeb Mexican food is also common. When Y Vocabulary outlet [aUtlIt] - provozovna there can be a service charge included in the bill you first sit down in the restaurant, on the run - v poklusu (rychle) [tSA:dZ] - může být v ceně zahrnut poplatek za služby the waiter brings you a bowl of tortilla pastry ["peIstri] - sladké pečivo tipping, tip ["tIpIN] - spropitné affordable [@"fO:d@b(@)l] - dostupný, příznivý [tor‑tee‑ya] chips and salsa, free of crust [krVst] - kůrka (zde: těsto na pizzu) posh [pQS] - nóbl, snobský charge. A typical Mexican meal is burrito, loose change [lu:s] - drobné topping ["tQpIN] - náplň (to, co se dává na pizzu) till [tIl] - pokladna a big tortilla stuffed with cheese and tuna fish ["tju:n@ fiS] - tuňák is sufficient [s@"fIS(@)nt] - stačí your choice of meat filling. You also get to stuff [stVf] - naplnit (nádivkou) poultry ["p@Ultri] - drůbež filling ["fIlIN] - náplň Mexican and beans with it. Yummy! bean [bi:n] - fazole bun [bVn] - bochánek, žemle from there - k tomu navíc Û Glossary battered - obalené v těstíčku gravy browning - a liquid made of caramelised sugar foundation [faUn"deIS(@)n] - základ which cooks add to gravy to darken the colour and make to dip - namočit it look more appetising coconut cream - a creamy white liquid obtained from compressing fresh coconut Û Glossary turkey twizzlers - cheap and mass produced frozen tortilla - round flat Mexican bread that comes in two shaped spirals of poultry meat with added fat, skin, types, flour (made with white flour) and corn (made with and chemical flavourings that were given to children as corn flour); tortillas are the foundation of almost every a quick lunch usually with chips; they have become the Mexican dish most hated example of bad school food and have been tortilla chips - tortillas that have been cut into triangles removed from menus by the government and deep fried; they are usually dipped in some kind of salsa British versus salsa - a spicy Mexican sauce made from tomatoes, ú American English chillies, onions and spices; it is on the table in every take-away (BrE) - to-go (AmE) Mexican restaurant and is used to add extra to bill (BrE) - check (AmE) Burrito, the name of a tasty Mexican meal, already prepared meals literally means “little donkey” in Spanish.

Bridge 06/2006–2007 27 {food}

Jeff Gulley, it clearly distinguishes One name that all Canadians Gerald Taylor Canadians from Americans. know and love (and visit Canadian As the name suggests, regularly!) is Tim Hortons, the (Canada) French Canadian Pea national coffee, , and Soup is from Quebec. It is sandwich chain. I miss you, specialties basically a thick yellow pea Tim Hortons! soup with bits of pork in it. Newfoundland Pea Soup is very similar, but usually Y Vocabulary includes more , are all common sight ["kQm@n] - jsou běžně k vidění such as diced turnips and diet ["daI@t] - jídelníček carrots, and is often topped square [skwE:] - pořádný with small . In to skip [skIp] - vynechat some variations, a little garlic, snack [sn&k] - něco malého k zakousnutí leeks, other vegetables or smothered with ["smVD@d] a ham bone are added for - zalité, ponořené do flavour. Many Canadians to distinguish [dI"stINgwIS] - odlišit thick [Tik] - hustý like to treat themselves to pea soup [pi: su:p] - hrachová polévka a smoked salmon steak, pork - vepřové fished from the coastal waters diced [daIst] - nakrájený na kostičky turnip ["t@:nIp] - tuřín of British Columbia. small ["dVmplIN] - Maple syrup is also a truly knedlíček Canadian dietary tradition; it garlic ["gA:lIk] - česnek is a sugary sauce made from leek [li:k] - pórek ham bone [h&m b@Un] Maple syrup has a wide variety of uses: it can be eaten with pancakes the sap of maple trees, and - šunka od kosti or waffles, poured over ice-cream, used as an ingredient in baking, and usually eaten with flapjacks to treat oneself to (sth.) - dopřát si also added as a sweetener to tea or coffee. (pancakes) or ice cream. From (něco) smoked salmon steak [sm@Ukt Nanaimo, British Columbia, "s&m@n steIk] - filé z uzeného Canada, unlike most nations, doesn’t really we have one of the sweetest lososa have a traditional . As a nation of mostly candies in existence. Nanaimo pancake ["p&nkeIk] - palačinka immigrants from all over the world, Canada has Bar is a dual layer, dual layer ["dju:@ "leI@] - dvojvrstvý almond ["A:m@nd] - mandle adopted the of its immigrant population. chocolate‑based candy with chain [tSeIn] - řetězec (obchodů) Thai, Greek, Italian, French, Indian, and many coconut, almond and graham. other ethnic restaurants are all common sights. Even all of the smaller towns tend to have at least one Chinese restaurant, and one English fish‑ and‑chips-style pub. Eating in Australia As far as eating habits are Despite all this, there are concerned, Canadians have definitely some aspects and New Zealand adopted a very American-like of dining in Canada that Michael Gibbs (Australia) diet. Breakfast, lunch, and are truly and uniquely dinner are the “three square Canadian. Poutine is a Like people everywhere, Australians and meals a day” that we live by. French‑Canadian snack New Zealanders love food. We have the same Dinner (usually a meat dish consisting of French fries eating habits; breakfast is normally cereal, with vegetables and potatoes) smothered with cheese fruit or toast, lunch is something small such as is the biggest and most and hot gravy. Apparently, a sandwich, and tea or dinner is the biggest meal important meal of the day, and Canadians are the only of the day. People still like to eat the traditional it is not unusual for people to people who put gravy on meals such as roast beef or chocolate pudding, skip either breakfast or lunch. their fries and in restaurants but now there are more choices. Australia has a lot of cattle These days, many New Poutine, the dish that originated in rural Québec in Canada in the late 1950s, is now popular all over the country. There are many variations of and sheep, so beef and lamb Zealanders enjoy eating Pipis poutine. A common variation, Italian poutine, is eaten with spaghetti sauce are very popular. A typical and Toheora - both New instead of gravy while another popular variation includes sausage slices. meal that is served everywhere Zealand shellfish. In Australia is a thick beef steak with green there is the yabby, a big crab salad and chips. Seafood is that lives in rivers. Children go also very popular, especially yabbying, which is fishing for mussels and prawns. Some yabbies with a stick and piece people go down to the coast of meat tied on a string. and collect mussels from the In both countries, there is rock pools in the sea. nothing better to eat on a cold Flake, the flesh of small day than a hot meat pie with shark, has a mild flavour and tomato sauce (not ketchup). a clean white appearance. However, throughout the Thanks to its low price it whole year people like to have became the most common barbeques or barbies. There type of fish to be served in are barbie sites everywhere by Australian fish and chip shops. the beaches and in parks, and

28 Bridge 06/2006–2007 {food}

Czech cuisine Patrick Phillips (USA)

A steak is a slice of a larger piece of meat, usually beef that is grilled or People usually have řízek with potatoes or potato salad but in some fried. It depends on personal preference how much the meat is cooked: national cuisines it is served also with dumplings and cabbage. rare – the meat has been cooked for a short time and is mostly red; medium – the meat inside is pink, the outside is grey-brown; well done Though the pork or chicken . If it – the meat is cooked thoroughly and sometimes the juiciness is reduced, and the meat may seem dry. is known mainly for its is veal, then it is either simply architecture and beer, it is schnitzel (or wiener schnitzel) in the backyards of peoples’ also the home to some very or breaded veal cutlet. homes. On a hot summer Y Vocabulary tasty food. For it Probably the most evening, people like to get is customary to eat a light significant difference between together with family and friends cereal ["sI@rI@l] - obiloviny (kukuřičné meal in the morning and Czechs and the rest of the lupínky, ovesné vločky apod.) and grill sausages, steak, roast beef [r@Ust bi:f] - rostbíf, evening, and the biggest world is beer. The Czech even octopus together with hovězí pečeně meal at lunch. A typical Republic is number one in bread and salad, and talk. mussel ["mVs(@)l] - slávka (škeble) breakfast consists of beer consumption, averaging Sometimes Christmas dinner is prawn [prO:n] - garnát, kreveta yogurt, bread, and perhaps a half liter a day for every man, rock pools - tůňky (na skalnatém a BBQ on the beach. mořském pobřeží) some salami or cheese. woman and child. In Czech Many Australians and New shellfish ["SElfIS] - měkkýš, korýš Supper is often a cold plate restaurants, the cheapest drink Zealanders have a sweet tied on a string [taId strIN] of ham, cheese and bread. on the menu is beer. This is tooth - they like to eat - přivázaným na vlasci All nations have their pub unheard of in other countries, desserts and cakes. There are meat pie [paI] - piroh s masem food, and the Czechs are no and illegal in some (such as sausage ["sQsIdZ] - párek, salám, special Australian and N.Z. klobása exception. Typical fare would Germany). For Czechs, beer is recipes for desserts and cakes. octopus ["Qkt@p@s] - chobotnice be pickled sausage with liquid bread, and besides, it is The Lamington, a square to have a sweet tooth [swi:t tu:T] - onions, and pickled cheese great with Czech cuisine! cake covered in chocolate and potrpět si na sladké with peppers. For something golden syrup ["g@Uld(@)n "sIr@p] - coconut, or the Anzac Biscuit sirup, melasa more substantial, there are made from golden syrup and oats [@Uts] - oves many great choices. When oats are perfect with a cup of rich [rItS] - vydatný, hutný you are talking about svíčková, Y Vocabulary tea or coffee. delicious [dI"lIS@s]- vynikající it becomes magic. This meal The Pavlova is a very rich is a combination of pieces of customary ["kVst@m(@)ri] - obvyklý cold plate - studený (obložený) talíř dessert that Australia and New Û Glossary tenderloin covered in a sweet fare [fE:] - jídlo, pokrm Zealand disagree on – we both creamy sauce, and served pickled sausage ["pIk(@)ld "sQsIdZ] claim to have made it first. BBQ – an abbreviation for barbeque with sour cream on a slice of - naložený buřt (“utopenec”) But at least we agree that it is lemon, cranberry sauce and pepper ["pEp@] - paprika substantial [s@b"st&nS(@)l] - vydatný delicious! dumplings. tenderloin ["tEnd@lOIn] - svíčková , the Czech version (maso) of the Hungarian dish, features sour cream [saU@ kri:m] - zakysaná Û Food glossary equal portions of beef and smetana food - anything that people or animals eat dinner - a word used to mean the main onions cooked with spices and slice [slaIs] - řez, krajíček that gives us energy or nutrients; it can meal of the day (we talk about dinner time cranberry sauce ["kr&nb(@)ri sO:s] - include liquids such as milk. (e.g. There even at midday); dinner in the evening served with dumplings. brusinková omáčka was a lot of food and drink at the wedding often means a formal occasion, dinner Roasted pork is the dumpling ["dVmplIN] - knedlík party. I bought some cat food in the shop.) party, etc. . Pork, roasted features equal portions ["fi:tS@z meal - various that have been supper - an alternative word for an eve- to perfection, is served with "i:kw(@)l "pO:S(@)nz] - obsahuje prepared and put together according to a ning meal; usually smaller and less formal stejné množství and dumplings. recipe and eaten at one time (e.g. I always tea - not just the drink tea; it is a very sauerkraut ["saU@kraUt] - kysané zelí eat my main meal at noon. We’ll go to small meal of cake or biscuits eaten in the Řízek is a meal which is breaded and fried [brEdId] - obalený have a meal in the new fancy restaurant afternoon with a cup of tea; it can also be difficult to translate but easy ve strouhance a osmažený one day.) a large meal (lighter than dinner) that is to eat. Traditionally, řízek veal [vi:l] - telecí dish - a particular item of prepared meal eaten early in the evening in some parts of is breaded and fried pork. significant [sIg"nIfIk(@)nt] - výrazný (e.g. My mother prepared my favourite Britain and Australia consumption [k@n"sVm(p)S(@)n] - dish for dinner. The meal consisted of cuisine - a style of cooking, often chara- But the meat doesn’t have konzumace several dishes.) cteristic of a particular country or region to be pork. Chicken is quite averaging ["&v(@)rIdZIN] - která je side dish - a small amount of food, such (e.g. I love .) common, and it can also be v průměru as salad, that goes with the main course diner (AmE) - a small restaurant veal. If the meat is pork or this is unheard of [Vn"h@:d] of a meal - to je neslýchaná věc chicken, then it is called either

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