Jean Swallow Papers, 1961-1996
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And for Gay Women
and for Gay Women SAN FRATíCISCO DALTHTCRS BILJTIS Statemant oí Pur.rac'Je SISTERS ...a women's oxgranizatian to ai.-i the ’.esSian ?r Xysaww W A r AyMIww discrorerinq tier place in socüetj sn'? to edvrat^ «»T MITCV I liifSuCt *AT.tUV,-«Wf iC^OO society to understóJ^d and accept: her, i^ithcr.^ prejudice, and... 1. Te encourage and support cha iras;..van in Kc-r search for her social, econor.ic, personal, interpersonal and vocntional identity within society by maintaining and building a liJararp ______ DGB BOARD MEMBERS ________ on the themes of homosexualj.ty and womenj by providing social functions where she can ccmmunl- President................ .. Liane cate with others and expand her social world out Vice-President .......... , Millie side the baur .scene j and by providing au" organized Correspondence Pat & Lois structure through which she can work to change Treasurer...................Melinda society's limitations opon her lifestyles; by Speakers' Bureau .......... Linda B. providing a forum for the interchange of ideas Secretary. ................. Paula and constructive solutions to women’s problems. Art Coordinator. ...... Laura 2. To educate the public to accept and understand the Lesbiari as an individual, thereby leading to the breaikdown of taboos, prejudices, and limitations on her lifestyle by spo-nsoring Volume V Number 4 public discussions; by providing individuals as speakers and pairticipants in various forums de signed to educate the public; by disseminating educational and rational literature on the besbian 3. To encourage, support and participate in responsible research dealing with homosexuality, 4. To investigate the penal code and to pro mote changes, in order to provide equitable h.s»d- ling of cases involving homosexuals, with, due process of law and without prejudice. -
TOWARD a FEMINIST THEORY of the STATE Catharine A. Mackinnon
TOWARD A FEMINIST THEORY OF THE STATE Catharine A. MacKinnon Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England K 644 M33 1989 ---- -- scoTT--- -- Copyright© 1989 Catharine A. MacKinnon All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America IO 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 First Harvard University Press paperback edition, 1991 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data MacKinnon, Catharine A. Toward a fe minist theory of the state I Catharine. A. MacKinnon. p. em. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN o-674-89645-9 (alk. paper) (cloth) ISBN o-674-89646-7 (paper) I. Women-Legal status, laws, etc. 2. Women and socialism. I. Title. K644.M33 1989 346.0I I 34--dC20 [342.6134} 89-7540 CIP For Kent Harvey l I Contents Preface 1x I. Feminism and Marxism I I . The Problem of Marxism and Feminism 3 2. A Feminist Critique of Marx and Engels I 3 3· A Marxist Critique of Feminism 37 4· Attempts at Synthesis 6o II. Method 8 I - --t:i\Consciousness Raising �83 .r � Method and Politics - 106 -7. Sexuality 126 • III. The State I 55 -8. The Liberal State r 57 Rape: On Coercion and Consent I7 I Abortion: On Public and Private I 84 Pornography: On Morality and Politics I95 _I2. Sex Equality: Q .J:.diff�_re11c::e and Dominance 2I 5 !l ·- ····-' -� &3· · Toward Feminist Jurisprudence 237 ' Notes 25I Credits 32I Index 323 I I 'li Preface. Writing a book over an eighteen-year period becomes, eventually, much like coauthoring it with one's previous selves. The results in this case are at once a collaborative intellectual odyssey and a sustained theoretical argument. -
I. This Term Is Borrowed from the Title of Betty Friedan's Book, First
Notes POST·WAR CONSERVATISM AND THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE I. This term is borrowed from the title of Betty Friedan's book, first published in 1963, in order not to confuse the post-Second World War ideology of women's role and place with such nineteenth-century terms as 'woman's sphere'. Although this volume owes to Freidan's book far more than its title, it does not necessarily agree with either its emphasis or its solutions. 2. Quoted in Sandra Dijkstra, 'Simone de Beauvoir and Betty Friedan: The Politics of Omission', Feminist Studies, VI, 2 (Summer 1980), 290. 3. Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English, For Her Own Good: 150 Years of the Experts' Advice to Women (Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1978), pp. 216-17. 4. Richard J. Barnet, Roots of War (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1973), pp 48-9, 118, 109. First published by Atheneum Publishers, New York, 1972. 5. Quoted in William H. Chafe, The American Woman: Her Changing Social, Economic, and Political Roles, 1920-1970 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1972), p. 187. 6. Mary P. Ryan, Womanhood in America: From Colonial Times to the Present, 2nd edn (New York and London: New Viewpoints/A division of Franklin Watts, 1979), p. 173. 7. Ferdinand Lundberg and Marynia F. Farnham, MD, Modern Woman: The Lost Sex (New York and London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1947), p. 319. 8. Lillian Hellman, An Unfinished Woman: A Memoir (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1969), pp. 5-6. 9. Barbara Charlesworth Gelpi and Albert Gelpi (eds), Adrienne Rich's Poetry (New York: W.W. -
The Making of Modern Sexual Difference
THE MAKING OF MODERN SEXUAL DIFFERENCE JONATHAN D. KATZ Yale University (If there are no academic Departments of Heterosexual Studies, even in more liberal universities, that is not only because all branches of the human sciences are already, to a greater or lesser degree, departments of heterosexual studies but also because heterosexuality has thus far largely escaped becoming a problem that needs to be studied and understood.) By constituting homosexuality as an object of knowledge, heterosexuality also constitutes itself as a privileged stance of subjectivity—as the very condition of knowing—and thereby avoids becoming an object of knowledge itself, the target of a possible critique. David Halperin in Saint Foucault, 47. The professionalization of gayness requires a certain performance and production of a “self” which is the constituted effect of a discourse that nevertheless claims to “represent” that self as a prior truth. Judith Butler in “Imitation and Gender Insubordination” This course takes the constitutive act of making in its title very seriously, offering both an historical and theoretical engagement with our current categories of sexual differentiation. It centers on that mode of difference which today is commonly called lesbian/gay/ bisexual/ transgendered and/or just queer, but which in other historical periods could have been called Uranian, inversion, sodomitical, Sapphic, butch, Wildean, homosexual, homophile and a host of other terms. More often than not over the course of human history it was simply not called anything at all—testament not only to repression, but to the potential for a different conceptual schema which did not see same sex sexuality as defining of what a person was-- indeed, which may have seen it as so normative that it warranted no additional name. -
God and the Novel: Religion and Secularization
GOD AND THE NOVEL: RELIGION AND SECULARIZATION IN ANTEBELLUM AMERICAN FICTION by KRISTIN JOY WILKES A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of English and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2014 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Kristin Joy Wilkes Title: God and the Novel: Religion and Secularization in Antebellum American Fiction This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of English by: Henry Wonham Chairperson William Rossi Core Member Mary Wood Core Member Matthew Dennis Institutional Representative and J. Andrew Berglund Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded December 2014 ii © 2014 Kristin Joy Wilkes iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Kristin Joy Wilkes Doctor of Philosophy Department of English December 2014 Title: God and the Novel: Religion and Secularization in Antebellum American Fiction My dissertation argues that the study of antebellum American religious novels is hindered by the secularization narrative, the widely held conviction that modernity entails the decline of religion. Because this narrative has been refuted by the growing field of secularization theory and because the novel is associated with modernity, the novel form must be reexamined. Specifically, I challenge the common definition of the novel as a secular form. By investigating novels by Lydia Maria Child, Susan Warner, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and Hannah Bond, I show that religion and the novel form are not opposed. In fact, scholars’ unexamined and unacknowledged definitions of religion and secularity cause imprecision. -
Feminist Spirituality
Santa Clara University Scholar Commons Jesuit School of Theology 1996 Feminist Spirituality: Christian Alternative or Alternative to Christianity? Sandra Marie Schneiders Jesuit School of Theology/Graduate Theological Union, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/jst Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Schneiders, Sandra Marie “Feminist Spirituality: Christian Alternative or Alternative to Christianity?” In Women’s Spirituality: Resources for Christian Development, 2nd ed. Edited by Joann Wolski Conn, 30-67. New York/Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press, 1996. Reprinted with permission. This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Jesuit School of Theology by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Feminist Spirituality: Christian Alternative or Alternative to Christianity? Sandra M. Schneiders Let us consider the issue of fe minism in relatio n to Christi an spirituality, i.e . to the area of lived experi ence of the fa ith. It must be noted , however, that the term "spiritua lity" is no lo nger an exclusively Christian , no r even an exclusively reli gious, term . Not surprisingly, therefore , fe minist spirituality is not necessaril y a C hristi an o r even a religio us pheno meno n. In fact , however, as we shall see, fe minist spirituality whether Christi an or not tends to be deeply re ligious. Consequently, o ur first task is to define spirituality and specify the meaning of C hristi an spirituality so that we can then raise the questi o n of how fe minism is related to spirituality and fin all y how feminist spirituality is related to Chris tian spirituality. -
Transgender History / by Susan Stryker
u.s. $12.95 gay/Lesbian studies Craving a smart and Comprehensive approaCh to transgender history historiCaL and Current topiCs in feminism? SEAL Studies Seal Studies helps you hone your analytical skills, susan stryker get informed, and have fun while you’re at it! transgender history HERE’S WHAT YOU’LL GET: • COVERAGE OF THE TOPIC IN ENGAGING AND AccESSIBLE LANGUAGE • PhOTOS, ILLUSTRATIONS, AND SIDEBARS • READERS’ gUIDES THAT PROMOTE CRITICAL ANALYSIS • EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES TO POINT YOU TO ADDITIONAL RESOURCES Transgender History covers American transgender history from the mid-twentieth century to today. From the transsexual and transvestite communities in the years following World War II to trans radicalism and social change in the ’60s and ’70s to the gender issues witnessed throughout the ’90s and ’00s, this introductory text will give you a foundation for understanding the developments, changes, strides, and setbacks of trans studies and the trans community in the United States. “A lively introduction to transgender history and activism in the U.S. Highly readable and highly recommended.” SUSAN —joanne meyerowitz, professor of history and american studies, yale University, and author of How Sex Changed: A History of Transsexuality In The United States “A powerful combination of lucid prose and theoretical sophistication . Readers STRYKER who have no or little knowledge of transgender issues will come away with the foundation they need, while those already in the field will find much to think about.” —paisley cUrrah, political -
“A Fully Formed Blast from Abroad?”: Australasian Lesbian Circuits of Mobility and the Transnational Exchange of Ideas in the 1960S and 1970S
“A fully formed blast from abroad?”: Australasian lesbian circuits of mobility and the transnational exchange of ideas in the 1960s and 1970s In 1973, three Australian women – Kerryn Higgs, Robina Courtin and Jenny Pausacker – returned to Melbourne having spent two years in London. Later the same year, New Zealander Alison Laurie arrived home after a nine-year stint overseas, which included periods of time living in England, Scandinavia and the USA. The return of all four had a catalytic effect on lesbian politics in their home communities. Pausacker, Higgs and Courtin were credited with precipitating a physical and ideological shift away from mixed gay politics toward a feminist perspective on lesbianism. With Laurie’s arrival it appeared that “lesbian feminism hit Aotearoa New Zealand as a fully formed blast from abroad, but fell on fertile ground, among many of the lesbians from gay liberation for starters.”1 Contemporary accounts certainly present the return of all four women as agents of change. To a certain extent their impact can be explained by the personalities of the women themselves. All were intelligent, creative women who continued to shape ideas throughout their lives. As Jenny Pausacker noted: “Kerryn published the first lesbian novel for adults in Australia. I published the first lesbian novel for young adults in Australia, and Robina’s the venerable Robina [a Buddhist nun]. So we were all quite strong personalities, with quite a public focus.”2 Laurie co-founded Sisters for Homophile Equality (SHE) which was the first lesbian organization in Aotearoa New Zealand, pioneered the Lesbian Community Radio Programme on Wellington Access Radio, and brought lesbian studies into the Women’s Studies program at Victoria University in Wellington.3 However, the impact the four women had can also be traced to their respective experiences of travel. -
Enter Your Title Here in All Capital Letters
EXPLORING THE COMPOSITION AND FORMATION OF LESBIAN SOCIAL TIES by LAURA S. LOGAN B.A., University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2006 A THESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2008 Approved by: Major Professor Dana M. Britton Copyright LAURA S. LOGAN 2008 Abstract The literature on friendship and social networks finds that individuals form social ties with people who are like them; this is termed “homophily.” Several researchers demonstrate that social networks and social ties are homophilous with regard to race and class, for example. However, few studies have explored the relationship of homophily to the social ties of lesbians, and fewer still have explicitly examined sexual orientation as a point of homophily. This study intends to help fill that gap by looking at homophily among lesbian social ties, as well as how urban and non-urban residency might shape homophily and lesbian social ties. I gathered data that would answer the following central research questions: Are lesbian social ties homophilous and if so around what common characteristics? What are lesbians’ experiences with community resources and how does this influence their social ties? How does population influence lesbian social ties? Data for this research come from 544 responses to an internet survey that asked lesbians about their social ties, their interests and activities and those of their friends, and the cities or towns in which they resided. Using the concepts of status and value homophily, I attempt to make visible some of the factors and forces that shape social ties for lesbians. -
SUBSCRIBE to the LESBIAN TIDE Hugo Away from Me When I Was Seven)
DEe 1973 504 In L. A. Area ~T«E 654 Elsewhere IJES8IAN TISE ~ A FEMINIST PUBLICATION. WRITTEN BY AND FOR THE RISING TIDE OF WOMEN TODAY , IN THIS ISSUE: Poem: CHRISTMAS WITH THE HOLY FAMILY Article: SAPPHA OF LESBOS by Ann Forfreedom Contest: GET YOUR PICTURE ON THE COVER OF THE LESBIAN TIDE Review: Rita Mae Brown's RUBYFRUIT JUNGLE MERRY MARYMAS ohe THE TIDE COLLECTIVE ADVERTISING Constance Jeanne Cordova Lou Junker Nicki VOLUME 3, NUMBER 5 CIRCULATION D.B. Barbara Gehrke Pat Greene Susan Kuhner Caren Pressley Kay Stevens Joanie Swiedler TABLE OF CONTENTS BUSINESS AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS Denise Fox Barbara McLean ARTICLES BUSINESS AND COORDINATION First National Lesbian Kiss-In 3 Denise Fox Tide Cover Con test 5 The Rape After The Rape 6 EDITORIAL Women Workers Speak Up 9 Womens Liberation Building Endangered 9 Alice Bloch The Mean Mothers 10 Jeanne Cordova Year One 11 Rita A. Goldberger So You Want to Start a Business 13 Peggy Kimball Woman kindness 14 Barbara McLean Sappha of Lesbos 21 D. Montes de Oca Nancy CALtNDAR Back Cover Nena Sudi CROSSCURRENTS 26 PRODUCTION HUMOR 15 Rita A. Goldberger LETTERS 27 Jan Lydon Mae POETRY Marg Marguerite Con trolled Folly 4 Sudi Christmas With The Holy Family 16 Tyler Do Not Look At Me 20 REVIEWS The Laughing Policeman 18 Ru byfruit Jungle 19 New York Coordinator: Karla Jay Looking At Women 19 San Francisco Coordinator: Sandy WHERE IT'S AT 30 Cover Graphic by Maggie Brauner Graphics credits: pages 3,4,5, 14 and 20, Maggie Brauner; pages 6,21,25 and 27, Woman to Woman 5251 Broadway, Oakland, CA; page 16, Kitty. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter free, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each orignal is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Ifigher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. t: UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 WOMOON RISING: FEMINIST SPIRITUALITY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE MODERN WOMEN'S MOVEMENT IN THE UNITED STATES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Cynthia L. -
Introduction to Lesbian and Gay Studies
INTRODUCTION TO LESBIAN AND GAY STUDIES JONATHAN D. KATZ Yale University (If there are no academic Departments of Heterosexual Studies, even in more liberal universities, that is not only because all branches of the human sciences are already, to a greater or lesser degree, departments of heterosexual studies but also because heterosexuality has thus far largely escaped becoming a problem that needs to be studied and understood.) By constituting homosexuality as an object of knowledge, heterosexuality also constitutes itself as a privileged stance of subjectivity—as the very condition of knowing—and thereby avoids becoming an object of knowledge itself, the target of a possible critique. David Halperin in Saint Foucault, 47. Silence itself--the things one declines to say, or is forbidden to name, the discretion that is required between different speakers--is less the absolute limit of discourse, the other side from which it is separated by a strict boundary, than an element that functions alongside the things said, with them and in relation to them within over-all strategies. There is no binary division to be made between what one says and what one does not say; we must try to determine the different ways of not saying things, how those who can and those who cannot speak of them are distributed, which type of discourse is authorized, or which form of discretion is required in either case. There is not one but many silences, and they are an integral part of the strategies that underlie and permeate discourses. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality: An Introduction Vol.