StatusStatus ofof JapaneseJapanese GNSSGNSS augmentationsaugmentations

Kota TANABE Permanent Mission of Japan to the International Organizations in Vienna

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 1 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Contents

• MSAS – Overview – Effects of MSAS – System Configuration – Interoperability – Schedule • QZSS – Background and Objectives – Overview - Orbital Characteristics – Expected Applications – Schedule • Summary

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 2 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION ASYSTEM MSAS

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 3 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MSAS Overview ASYSTEM

• MSAS (MTSAT Satellite-based Augmentation System) is Japanese SBAS compliant with ICAO SARPs • Augmentation data is broadcasted by MTSAT (Multi-functional Transport Satellite) • Dual GEO (two MTSATs) coverage will ensure high Reliability and Availability • MSAS has a capability to provide augmentation service to other nations within MTSAT coverage if required Ground Monitor Stations are installed

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 4 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION Effects of MTSAT/MSAS ASYSTEM

‹‹ReductionReduction ofof SeparationSeparation MinimaMinima

Current System CNS/ATM System

*CNS/ATM: Communications, Navigations, Surveillance and Air Traffic Management

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 5 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION Effects of MTSAT/MSAS ASYSTEM ‹‹FlexibleFlexible FlightFlight ProfileProfile PlanningPlanning

Current System

CNS/ATM System Optimum altitude and route can be selected Fixed route

Route and altitude are fixed

Shortest or optimum route

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 6 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION Effects of MTSAT/MSAS ASYSTEM ‹‹HighHigh QualityQuality CommunicationsCommunications ‹‹SafetySafety EnhancementEnhancement ----especiallyespecially atat lowlow altitudealtitude----

Current System CNS/ATM System

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 7 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MTSAT Coverage ASYSTEM ‹‹GlobalGlobal beambeam coverscovers mostmost ofof Asia/PacificAsia/Pacific airspaceairspace

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 8 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MSAS System Configuration ASYSTEM

Sapporo GMS

Ground communication line

Kobe MCS Hitachi-Ohta MCS Fukuoka GMS Tokyo GMS

Hawaii MRS MCS Master Control Station MRS Monitor and Ranging Station Naha GMS Australia GMS Ground Monitor Station MRS

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 9 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MSAS System Components ASYSTEM

MTSAT Specification Summary Type 3 Axis Attitude Control Geostationary Satellite Life More than 10 years –Aeronautical: 10 years –Meteorological: 5 years Orbit Longitude 140 degrees East Position Frequency Aeronautical Mission bands Ku(4 spot beams), Ka(3 spot beams) and L(1 global & 6 spot beams) Meteorological Mission S and UHF TT&C Ku, S and Unified S(USB) Weight 3,300 kg (@launch), 1,400 kg (dry)

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 10 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MSAS System Components ASYSTEM

Master Control Station (MCS) (Aeronautical Satellite Center)

Hitachi-Ohta Aeronautical Satellite Center

Kobe Aeronautical Satellite Center

Operation room

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 11 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MSAS System Components ASYSTEM Monitor & Ranging Station (MRS) & Ground Monitor Station (GMS)

Hawaii MRS Australia MRS GMSs in Japan • Sapporo GMS • Tokyo GMS • Fukuoka GMS • Naha GMS GPS Antenna

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 12 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION Interoperability among SBASs ASYSTEM

‹MSAS is interoperable with WAAS, EGNOS and GAGAN.

GAGAN MSAS EGNOS WAAS MTSAT INMARSAT ARTEMIS INMARSAT

GPS

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 13 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems TSAT M ATELLITE-BASED S UGMENTATION MTSAT/MSAS Program History ASYSTEM

1991 ICAO approved FANS Plan 1993 Electric Navigation Research Institute (ENRI) started the research on GNSS Integrity Channel 1994 MTSAT Program started 1995 MSAS development started 1999 Launch of MTSAT-1 failed 2001 GPS data collection using ground system started 2004 MTSAT-1R will be launched 2005 MTSAT-2 will be launched (MSAS Initial Operation)

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 14 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems QZSS

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 15 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Background ii--SpaceSpace Space information infrastructure

ETS-VIII (2004) QZSS (2008) WINDS (2005) Quasi-zenith Satellite System Engineering Test Satellite-VIII Wideband InterNetworking Overcoming Engineering Test and Demonstration High Accuracy Digital Divide Satellite Positioning

Tele-Medicine Tele- Disaster Satellite Mobile Satellite Education Management Communications IP Multicasting

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 16 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Background

Current Conditions Future Condition with QZSS Communications Communications ‹Due to shadowing by buildings and ‹High speed broadband mobile mountainous features, GSO satellite communications services will be systems can only service urban and able to provide coverage mountainous areas with 30% coverage. everywhere, including urban ‹The private sector predicts a huge canyon and mountainous areas. growth in the broadband mobile communications market.

‹Japan’s geographic features can ‹Continuous, stable and highly reduce the number of visible GPS accurate positioning services will Positioning Positioning satellites and cause user positioning be provided. error. Availability can also be compromised. ‹Marked improvement in ‹R&D in GPS augmentation is needed continuity, integrity, availability for applications which require high and accuracy for GPS users. accuracy positioning such as ITS, precise agriculture, machine control for construction.

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 17 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Objectives

ResearchResearch && DevelopmentDevelopment forfor •Satellite•Satellite PositioningPositioning------HighHigh accuracy accuracy navigation navigation service service by by complementcomplement and and augmentation augmentation of of the the GPS GPS •Mobile•Mobile CommunicationsCommunications ------HighHigh speed speed communication communication service service

GPS GPS AdvantagesAdvantages of of the the high high elevation elevation angle angle ¾¾EasierEasier to to provide provide broadband broadband mobile mobile communicationcommunication services services with with QZSS elevation angle 99SimplificationSimplification of of antenna antenna tracking tracking higher than 70 deg GEO sat elevation angle mechanismmechanism Approx. 48 deg @Tokyo 9Utilization of the antenna with (longitude 130E GEO sat) 9Utilization of the antenna with higherhigher gain gain at at the the zenith zenith ¾¾LessLess shadowing shadowing by by buildings buildings or or mountainsmountains ¾¾LessLess multi-path multi-path interference interference

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 18 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems QZSS Overview -Orbital Characteristics-

(1) Inclined orbital plane at approximately 45 deg from GSO Æ Ground track draws a figure “8” centered on the equator ４５deg

(2) 3 satellites on the 3 orbit planes operate so that the right ascension of the nodes are each 120 degrees apart

Æ Every 8 hours each of the 3 satellites passes over the same point on the figure “8” ground track

Equator

１２０ deg Top view Side view

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 19 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems QZSS Overview -Orbital Characteristics-

Satellite visibility ensured with high elevation angle of moremore thanthan 7070 degreesdegrees.

€“V’¸‰q¯‚̋Šp(“Œ‹žj 90 €“V’¸‰q ¯‚̋Šp(Œ‹“žj 90

80 80 Minimum elevation angle 70 70 for QZSS (approx. 70 deg)

) 60

) 60 eg d eg d e ( l 50 g

e ( Elevation angle for GSO sat l 50n g n A (E130deg) Approx. 48 deg n A o 40 n o 40ati ati ev l E ev l 30 E 30 SAT1 20 SASAT1T 2 20 SASAT2T 3 SAGET3O1 10 10 GEGEO1O11030 10 GEGEO1O13050 GEO150 0 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 0 4 8 Ti12me (Hr) 16 20 24 Time (Hr)

Elevation angle at Tokyo (24hour) The urban canyon picture (Shinjuku area)

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 20 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems QZSS Overview -Orbital Characteristics-

The Possible Orbital Variations of QZSS

(a) e=0 (b) e=0.1 (c) e=0.2 Minimum Elevation Angle (24hour)

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 21 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Expected Applications

Traffic Management & Control System

Users Control Centers

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 22 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Expected Applications

Medical Services Mobile Hospital

Disaster Local Hospital City Hospital

Emergency/Rescue

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 23 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Expected Applications

¾Broadcasting 9TV, Car-TV, Mobile Phone 9Traffic Information 9Emergency/Disaster Information ¾Search and Rescue ¾Field Education ¾------¾------¾------

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 24 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Development Schedule (Tentative)

QZSS Development Schedule (tentative) Fiscal Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 20062007200820092010

Research & Design

Manufacturing

Launch

Demonstration Experiment Utilization

Note: The Japanese fiscal year starts in April and ends in March of the next year.

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 25 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Summary

JapaneseJapanese GNSSGNSS augmentationsaugmentations couldcould makemake usefuluseful contributionscontributions toto thethe worldworld’’ss spacespace infrastructure.infrastructure. ‹‹MSASMSAS – Japan is focused on developing the MSAS system. In future, it should aid in the realization of safe and high quality aviation services for the Asia Pacific region. – Based on ICAO standards, the system is interoperable with the other SBASs. ‹‹QZSSQZSS – A brand-new and unique system under development in Japan which could provide a variety of utilizations and applications.

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 26 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems ThankThank youyou ……

Kota TANABE Special Adviser Permanent Mission of Japan to the International Organizations in Vienna E-mail: [email protected]

8 December 2003 UN/USA International Workshop on 27 Vienna, Austria The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems