Satellite Communications in the New Space
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MEOSAR & GPS 9Th Meeting of the ICG Prague, Czech Republic, November 2014
MEOSAR & GPS 9th Meeting of the ICG Prague, Czech Republic, November 2014 Dr. Lisa Mazzuca, Mission Manager Search and Rescue Office Goddard Space Flight Center Overview • Cospas-Sarsat System – Current operational infrastructure – Near-future: GNSS-enabled SAR (MEOSAR) • MEOSAR implementation timeline • SAR using – GPS – Galileo – GLONASS • MEOSAR and Return Link Service (RLS) 2 Cospas-Sarsat System Overview • Cospas-Sarsat (C-S) Program uses dedicated Search and Rescue (SAR) payloads onboard satellites to relay beacons signals to ground stations • C-S system consists of three segments: – User Segment – the emergency beacon transmitters • Marine: EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) • Aviation: ELT (Emergency Locating Transmitter) • Land: PLB (Personal Locating Beacon) – Space Segment • LEOSAR: Low-Earth Orbit - Provides for beacon location using Doppler processing; uses Store & Forward instrument to provide global coverage • GEOSAR: Geosynchronous Orbit Performs instantaneous alerting function; no locating capability unless beacon is equipped with GNSS receiver. • MEOSAR*: Mid-Earth Orbit (GNSS) – Ground Segment – Local User Terminals (LUTs) 3 * MEO is not yet operational – early operational capability Dec 2015 MEOSAR Concept of Operations 4 MEOSAR Next generation of satellite-aided SAR • Based on the use of SAR Repeaters carried on board Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites • GNSS constellations consist of 24 (or more) satellites Mid Earth Orbit (GPS, Galileo, GLONASS) • Provides – Multiple satellites -
Handbookhandbook Mobile-Satellite Service (MSS) Handbook
n International Telecommunication Union Mobile-satellite service (MSS) HandbookHandbook Mobile-satellite service (MSS) Handbook *00000* Edition 2002 Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 2002 ISBN 92-61-09951-3 Radiocommunication Bureau Edition 2002 THE RADIOCOMMUNICATION SECTOR OF ITU The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Inquiries about radiocommunication matters Please contact: ITU Radiocommunication Bureau Place des Nations CH -1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 5800 Fax: +41 22 730 5785 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.itu.int/itu-r Placing orders for ITU publications Please note that orders cannot be taken over the telephone. They should be sent by fax or e-mail. ITU Sales and Marketing Division Place des Nations CH -1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 6141 English Telephone: +41 22 730 6142 French Telephone: +41 22 730 6143 Spanish Fax: +41 22 730 5194 Telex: 421 000 uit ch Telegram: ITU GENEVE E-mail: [email protected] The Electronic Bookshop of ITU: www.itu.int/publications ITU 2002 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. International Telecommunication Union HandbookHandbook Mobile-satellite service (MSS) Radiocommunication Bureau Edition 2002 - iii - FOREWORD In today’s world, people have become increasingly mobile in both their work and play. -
Kindergarten High Frequency Word List
Kindergarten High Frequency Word List The following 40 words are the high frequency Kindergarten words. They are divided according to their probability of occurring in the corresponding DRA text levels. However, many of these words can occur throughout all levels. The goal is for all students to read, write, and use these words correctly by the end of Kindergarten. Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 a me to yes big I go in cat for is at on dog he the you like up she mom we my with this dad it by said look can no love play went see am do was and C:\Users\metcalfr\Downloads\K_5_High_Frequency_Word_Lists (2).docx October 2014 First Grade High Frequency Word list The goal is for all students to read, write, and use these words (and words from the kindergarten word list) correctly by the end of first grade. after have please all her saw an here should are him so as his some be I’m thank because if that but into them came just then come know they could little there day make us did many very end new want from not were get of what goes one when going or where good our who had out will has over would your C:\Users\metcalfr\Downloads\K_5_High_Frequency_Word_Lists (2).docx October 2014 Second Grade High Frequency Word List The goal is for all students to read, write, and use these words (and the words from preceding grade level word lists) correctly by the end of second grade. -
High Frequency Communications – an Introductory Overview
High Frequency Communications – An Introductory Overview - Who, What, and Why? 13 August, 2012 Abstract: Over the past 60+ years the use and interest in the High Frequency (HF -> covers 1.8 – 30 MHz) band as a means to provide reliable global communications has come and gone based on the wide availability of the Internet, SATCOM communications, as well as various physical factors that impact HF propagation. As such, many people have forgotten that the HF band can be used to support point to point or even networked connectivity over 10’s to 1000’s of miles using a minimal set of infrastructure. This presentation provides a brief overview of HF, HF Communications, introduces its primary capabilities and potential applications, discusses tools which can be used to predict HF system performance, discusses key challenges when implementing HF systems, introduces Automatic Link Establishment (ALE) as a means of automating many HF systems, and lastly, where HF standards and capabilities are headed. Course Level: Entry Level with some medium complexity topics Agenda • HF Communications – Quick Summary • How does HF Propagation work? • HF - Who uses it? • HF Comms Standards – ALE and Others • HF Equipment - Who Makes it? • HF Comms System Design Considerations – General HF Radio System Block Diagram – HF Noise and Link Budgets – HF Propagation Prediction Tools – HF Antennas • Communications and Other Problems with HF Solutions • Summary and Conclusion • I‟d like to learn more = “Critical Point” 15-Aug-12 I Love HF, just about On the other hand… anybody can operate it! ? ? ? ? 15-Aug-12 HF Communications – Quick pretest • How does HF Communications work? a. -
Radio Communications in the Digital Age
Radio Communications In the Digital Age Volume 1 HF TECHNOLOGY Edition 2 First Edition: September 1996 Second Edition: October 2005 © Harris Corporation 2005 All rights reserved Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 96-94476 Harris Corporation, RF Communications Division Radio Communications in the Digital Age Volume One: HF Technology, Edition 2 Printed in USA © 10/05 R.O. 10K B1006A All Harris RF Communications products and systems included herein are registered trademarks of the Harris Corporation. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...............................................................................1 CHAPTER 1 PRINCIPLES OF RADIO COMMUNICATIONS .....................................6 CHAPTER 2 THE IONOSPHERE AND HF RADIO PROPAGATION..........................16 CHAPTER 3 ELEMENTS IN AN HF RADIO ..........................................................24 CHAPTER 4 NOISE AND INTERFERENCE............................................................36 CHAPTER 5 HF MODEMS .................................................................................40 CHAPTER 6 AUTOMATIC LINK ESTABLISHMENT (ALE) TECHNOLOGY...............48 CHAPTER 7 DIGITAL VOICE ..............................................................................55 CHAPTER 8 DATA SYSTEMS .............................................................................59 CHAPTER 9 SECURING COMMUNICATIONS.....................................................71 CHAPTER 10 FUTURE DIRECTIONS .....................................................................77 APPENDIX A STANDARDS -
A Guide to Radio Communications Standards for Emergency Responders
A GUIDE TO RADIO COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Prepared Under United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the European Commission Humanitarian Office (ECHO) Through the Disaster Preparedness Programme (DIPECHO) Regional Initiative in Disaster Risk Reduction March, 2010 Maputo - Mozambique GUIDE TO RADIO COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS GUIDE TO RADIO COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Table of Contents Introductory Remarks and Acknowledgments 5 Communication Operations and Procedures 6 1. Communications in Emergencies ...................................6 The Role of the Radio Telephone Operator (RTO)...........................7 Description of Duties ..............................................................................7 Radio Operator Logs................................................................................9 Radio Logs..................................................................................................9 Programming Radios............................................................................10 Care of Equipment and Operator Maintenance...........................10 Solar Panels..............................................................................................10 Types of Radios.......................................................................................11 The HF Digital E-mail.............................................................................12 Improved Communication Technologies......................................12 -
Spectrum Management: a State of the Profession White Paper
Astro2020 APC White Paper Spectrum Management: A State of the Profession White Paper Type of Activity: ☐ Ground Based Project ☐ Space Based Project ☐ Infrastructure Activity ☐ Technological Development Activity ☒ State of the Profession Consideration ☐ Other Principal Author: Name: Liese van Zee Institution: Indiana University Email: [email protected] Phone: 812 855 0274 Co-authors: (names and institutions) David DeBoer (University of California, Radio Astronomy Lab), Darrel Emerson (Steward Observatory, University of Arizona), Tomas E. Gergely (retired), Namir Kassim (Naval Research Laboratory), Amy J. Lovell (Agnes Scott College), James M. Moran (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian), Timothy J. Pearson (California Institute of Technology), Scott Ransom (National Radio Astronomy Observatory), and Gregory B. Taylor (University of New Mexico) Abstract (optional): This Astro2020 APC white paper addresses state of the profession considerations regarding spectrum management for the protection of radio astronomy observations. Given the increasing commercial demand for radio spectrum, and the high monetary value associated with such use, innovative approaches to spectrum management will be necessary to ensure the scientific capabilities of current and future radio telescopes. Key aspects include development of methods, in both hardware and software, to improve mitigation and excision of radio frequency interference (RFI). In addition, innovative approaches to radio regulations and coordination between observatories and commercial -
The State of the Art and Evolution of Cable Television and Broadband Technology
The State of the Art and Evolution of Cable Television and Broadband Technology Prepared for the City of Seattle, Washington October 9, 2013 Cable and Broadband State-of-the-Art TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 1 2. Evolution of Underlying Infrastructure ................................................................................... 3 2.1 Infrastructure Upgrades .......................................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 Cable Migration Path ....................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1.1 Upgrade from DOCSIS 3.0 to DOCSIS 3.1 ................................................................... 4 2.1.1.2 Ethernet PON over Coax (EPoC) Architecture ............................................................ 8 2.2 Internet Protocol (IP) Migration and Convergence ............................................................... 10 2.2.1 Converged Cable Access Platform (CCAP) ..................................................................... 10 2.2.2 Migration from IPv4 to IPv6 Protocol ............................................................................ 13 2.2.3 IP Transport of Video on Demand (VoD) ....................................................................... 14 2.2.4 Multicasting—IP Transport of Video Channels .............................................................. 15 2.3 -
Advances in Satellite Technologies- ISRO Initiatives
Advances in Satellite Technologies- ISRO Initiatives Sumitesh Sarkar Space Applications Centre (ISRO) March 27, 2019 National Workshop on Advances in Satellite Technologies National Workshop on Advances in Satellite Technologies - Mach 27, 2019 Advance Technology : Key Areas Migration from Broadcast/VSAT centric to Data-centric Payload design - HTS . Multi-beam coverage in Ku and Ka-band ensuring Frequency Reuse and enhanced Payload performance . Increased Payload Hardware – need for miniaturization . Addressing new applications like Mobile backhauling, In-Flight Connectivity etc. Special focus on unserved/underserved regions within India Use of Higher frequency bands – Ku to Ka to Q/V band . Migration to higher frequency bands – ‘User ‘ as well as ‘Feeder’ links . More interference free Spectrum . Constraints of available technologies Redefining MSS with enhanced capabilities . Multi-beam High power transponders in S-band - enabling SDMB services National Workshop on Advances in Satellite Technologies - Mach 27, 2019 2 Evolution in On-board Antenna Technology Single Circular beam Shaped Beam Multibeam(HTS) (Dual Gridded Reflector) National Workshop on Advances in Satellite Technologies - Mach 27, 2019 Technology Trends – Active Low power RF Circuits MMIC SOC 9mm X 6mm Ka-band (In test) 100mmx40mm 70mmx60mm x25mm x22mm based based MMIC die in pac. pac. MMIC Chip MMIC LTCC pac. Qualified (In BB test) 100mmx100mm x25mm Gen In production by industry nd MIC based MIC 2 RF Technologies RF 170mmx100mmx35mm MIC MIC based 200mmx180mmx100mm (2RF sec.) 1stgen. INSAT-2A to INSAT-2D INSAT-3 and 4 Series GSAT-5 GSAT-7/11 Future technologies Payload Generation National Workshop on Advances in Satellite Technologies - Mach 27, 2019 High Throughput Satellite : GSAT-11 Features: . -
Positioning Using IRIDIUM Satellite Signals of Opportunity in Weak Signal Environment
electronics Article Positioning Using IRIDIUM Satellite Signals of Opportunity in Weak Signal Environment Zizhong Tan, Honglei Qin, Li Cong * and Chao Zhao School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China; [email protected] (Z.T.); [email protected] (H.Q.); [email protected] (C.Z.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-1381-0629-638 Received: 9 December 2019; Accepted: 25 December 2019; Published: 27 December 2019 Abstract: In order to get rid of the dependence of the navigation and positioning system on the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), radio, television, satellite, and other signals of opportunity (SOPs) can be used to achieve receiver positioning. The space-based SOPs based on satellites offer better coverage and availability than ground-based SOPs. Based on the related research of Iridium SOPs positioning in the open environment, this paper mainly focuses on the occluded environment and studies the Iridium SOPs positioning technique in weak signal environment. A new quadratic square accumulating instantaneous Doppler estimation algorithm (QSA-IDE) is proposed after analysing the orbit and signal characteristics of the Iridium satellite. The new method can improve the ability of the Iridium weak signal Doppler estimation. The theoretical analysis and positioning results based on real signal data show that the positioning based on Iridium SOPs can be realized in a weak signal environment. The research broadens the applicable environment of the Iridium SOPs positioning, thereby improving the availability and continuity of its positioning. Keywords: signals of opportunity positioning; Iridium; weak signal; instantaneous Doppler 1. Introduction The new methods for receiver positioning based on abundant and various frequency signals have emerged in recent years. -
ESA's New Cebreros Station Ready to Support Venus Express
ESAE ’s New Cebre ere oso S b r N s A r e w C StationS Ready to t a t i o n R e a d y t SupporS t Venuse u nV p u p s o r Express Cebreros Station Manfred Warhaut, Rolf Martin & Valeriano Claros ESA Directorate of Operations and Infrastructure, ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany SA’s new deep-space radio antenna at Cebreros (near Avila) in Spain was Eofficially inaugurated on 28 September. The new 35 metre antenna is the Agency’s second facility devoted to communications with spacecraft on interplanetary missions or in very distant orbits; the first is at New Norcia in Western Australia. Cebreros’s first task is the tracking of ESA’s Venus Express spacecraft, launched on 9 November. Introduction The construction of ESA's deep-space antenna at Cebreros was completed in record time. The site-selection process began in April 2002, the procurement activities began in February 2003, and the building work began in Spring 2004 on the site of a former NASA ground station. After successful assembly of the antenna structure in November 2004 and the almost flawless acceptance testing of the various infrastructure elements and the radio- frequency components, the new antenna was completed in August 2005, which provided just sufficient time for final testing before being used for the first time to support Venus Express. esa bulletin 124 - november 2005 39 Infrastructure Technical Specifications of the Cebreros Antenna REFLECTOR DISH Diameter: 35 metres Depth: 8 metres Surface contour: shaped parabola Number of panels: 304 on 7 rings Surface accuracy: 0.3 mm rms Weight: 100 tons ANTENNA PEDESTAL Height: 40 metres Weight movable part: 500 tons Total weight: 620 tons OPERATING ENVIRONMENT The novel Cebreros antenna feed concept Temperature: -20°C to + 50°C Relative humidity: 0 – 100% including condensation Wind: up to 50 km/h constant, gusting to 70 km/h Rain: up to 35 mm/h Solar heat: up to 1200 W/m2 MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE Slew range: Azimuth 0 to 540 deg Elevation 0 to 90 deg Slew rate: Both axes 1.0 deg/s max. -
Logistcs of Space Mission Operations
Logistics of Space Mission Operations “Logistics is the management of the flow of resources between the Dr. Mario Merri point of origin and the Head of Mission Data Systems Division point of consumption in ESOC order to meet some requirements …” 03/12/2013 Wikipedia ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use What is Mission Control? 1. Purpose of space mission control is to deliver mission products in response to requests from users 2. Mission products can be: a. Data (e.g. science, earth observation) b. Services (e.g. communications, navigation) c. Material samples processing (microgravity) 3. Space Mission Control shall ensure: a. Spacecraft health and safety b. Implementation and maintenance of baseline trajectory/orbit and environmental conditions c. Operations of spacecraft subsystems, payload, ground segment for mission product generation Logistics of Space Mission Operations | Dr. Mario Merri | ESOC | 03/12/2013 | D/HSO | Slide 2 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use How Can we “Listen” and “Talk” to the Spacecraft? Telecommands: < 10 Telemetry Parameters = 0 Telecommands: ~ 25 Telemetry Parameters ~100 Telecommands: < 100 Telemetry Parameters ~1000 Telecommands: ~5000 Telemetry Parameters ~30,000 Logistics of Space Mission Operations | Dr. Mario Merri | ESOC | 03/12/2013 | D/HSO | Slide 3 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use Where is Our Playground? Logistics of Space Mission Operations | Dr. Mario Merri | ESOC | 03/12/2013 | D/HSO | Slide 4 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use What Does it Take? Mission Control Ground Segment Team Systems Logistics of Space Mission Operations | Dr. Mario Merri | ESOC | 03/12/2013 | D/HSO | Slide 5 ESA UNCLASSIFIED – For Official Use Mission Control Team Roles and Responsibilities FLIGHT PROJECT DYNAMICS SUPPORT SPACON AOCS OBSM SOM SYSTEM PROJECT REP POWER OD OM SOFTCOORD Software SupportLogistics of Space Mission Operations | Dr.