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Actividades Espaciales En La Argentina

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Actividades Espaciales En La Argentina Actividades Espaciales en la Argentina Guatemala, agosto de 2007 Félix Clementino Menicocci – Secretario General CONAE Principales características de la CONAE: • Es una agencia especializada • Es un ente de carácter civil. • Objetivo: promover el desarrollo de las actividades espaciales de acuerdo a los intereses nacionales. • Asesora al Gobierno Nacional en la formulación de la política espacial nacional. • Debe promover la actividad espacial con base en la cooperación internacional. • Como autoridad de aplicación debe establecer estándares y otorgar licencias y autorizaciones para operar en actividades espaciales. • Debe preparar y someter a aprobación del Poder Ejecutivo Nacional un Plan Espacial Nacional de largo plazo y sus periódicas revisiones. PLAN ESPACIAL NACIONAL El Plan Espacial pone especial énfasis en el uso y los alcances del concepto de “Ciclo de Información Espacial ”. Ciclo de Información Espacial La obtención de información espacial -adecuada y oportuna- del territorio nacional, tanto terrestre como marítimo, la cual, convenientemente combinada con información de otras fuentes, contribuye a la optimización de determinadas actividades socio-económicas del país. PLAN ESPACIAL NACIONAL • Cooperación Internacional Asociativa • CONAE es el arquitecto espacial • El Plan Espacial como proyecto de inversión Ciclos de Información Espacial Completos Teniendo en cuenta las áreas de mayor impacto socio-económico, se han definido seis Ciclos de Información Espacial, en la versión 2004-2015 del Plan Espacial Nacional Ciclos de Información Espacial Completos • Ciclo I: Información vinculada a las actividades agropecuarias, pesqueras y forestales. • Ciclo II: Información vinculada a la hidrología, el clima, el mar y las costas. • Ciclo III: Información necesaria para la gestión de emergencias. • Ciclo IV: Información vinculada a la vigilancia del medio ambiente y los recursos naturales. • Ciclo V: Información vinculada con: a) la cartografía, la geología y la producción minera; b) planificación territorial, urbana y regional; c) infraestructura para el diseño de carreteras y vías férreas. • Ciclo VI: Información espacial para la gestión de la salud. Cursos de Acción Misiones Acceso al Satelitales Espacio CONAE Infraestructura Sistemas de Terrestre Información Desarrollo Institucional Infraestructura Terrestre Infraestructura Terrestre. En el Centro Espacial Teófilo Tabanera en Córdoba, está en operación la Estación Terrena Córdoba, para la adquisición y procesamiento de datos de satélites propios e internacionales y para telemetría, telecomando y control de satélites. Infraestructura Terrestre: Centro Espacial Teófilo Tabanera Centro Espacial Teófilo Tabanera Estación Terrena Córdoba Estación Terrena Córdoba • Antena de 3,6 m para TT&C en banda S • Antena de 7,3 m para downlink en banda X y S • Antena de 13 m para TT&C en banda S y downlink en banda X • Antena de 10 m (pruebas de control remoto) • Antenas para NOAA y OrbView2 y GOES • Totalmente automática, en 30 seg. conmuta de un satélite a otro • Productos en catálogo en una hora y listos para su distribución, dos horas después de la pasada del satélite •Cada día se adquieren 15 Gbytes Infraestructura Terrestre Actualmente, la CONAE recibe información de los satélites: SAC-C, Landsat 5 y 7, ERS, Eros, Bird, Aqua, Aura, NOAA, Radarsat, IRS, Terra, Spot, Orbview 2, GOES y está preparada para el COSMO/Skymed. Cobertura de la estación terrena de Córdoba, y las proyectadas en Tierra del Fuego, Marambio o Belgrano II Misiones Satelitales Misiones satelitales. El Plan Nacional prevé tres series de satélites, según los instrumentos principales de teleobservación que llevan a bordo. Serie SAC: Instrumentos centrados en el rango óptico y de microondas pasivas Serie SAOCOM: Instrumentos centrados en el rango de las microondas (RADAR) Serie SARE: Satélites de testeo de tecnología y alta revisita Misiones satelitales. Serie SAC, Se construyeron: SAC B, misión conjunta CONAE-NASA, con la participación de Italia y Brasil. SAC A: Misión Conjunta CONAE-NASA. Instrumentos centrados en el rango óptico y de microondas pasivas SAC C: misión conjunta CONAE-NASA, con la participación de Italia, Francia, Dinamarca y Brasil. Serie SAC. Está en construcción: SAC-D: Misión Conjunta CONAE-NASA, con la participación de Italia, Francia, Canadá y Brasil Misiones satelitales. Serie SAOCOM: están en construcción: SAOCOM 1.A y el SAOCOM 1.B El Socio Principal es la ASI (Italia) y se cuenta con la participación de Bélgica y Brasil. ARGENTINA EN EL ESPACIO Peso: 475 kg Tamaño: 1,85 m x 1,68 m x 2,2 m Altitud de Órbita: 705 km •MMRS Tipo de Órbita: cuasi polar – heliosincrónica Inclinación: 98.21 grados •HRTC Paso sobre el Ecuador: 10.15 AM ( +/- 6 SAC-C min.) •HSTC Revisita: 16 días, con subciclos de 7-9 días PRIMER •GOLPE SATÉLITE •MMP ARGENTINO DE •IST OBSERVACIÓN DE LA •INES TIERRA •ICARE •DCS Puesto en órbita el 21 de noviembre de 2000 Imágenes SAC-C SAC-C sobre Chile Aquarius/SAC-D Circulación oceánica, ciclo global del agua, interacción climática, cambios ambientales, parámetros atmosféricos, efectos de la radiación 8 instrumentos: Aquarius, MWR, NIRST, HSC, ROSA, CARMEN 1, DCS, TDP Peso del Satélite: 1600 kg Altura de la órbita: 657 km Tipo de órbita: cuasi polar heliosincrónica Inclinación: 98.21 grados Cruce del Ecuador: 6 AM modo ascendente Revisita: 7 días Objetivos de la Misión • Comprender la circulación oceánica, el ciclo del agua y las interacciones con el clima • Monitorear cambios ambientales, hielos marinos y riesgos naturales Objetivos de la Misión • Monitoreo de parámetros atmosféricos • Estudios del efecto de la radiación cósmica en elementos electrónicos de avanzada y características de los desechos espaciales Ejemplo: colisión entre satélite Cerise desecho Estudios Atmosfericos mediante ocultaciones espacial catalogado: pérdida del satélite con GPS Misión SAOCOM • Dos satélites SAR banda L. •Transmisión con polarización Horizontal y Vertical •Recepción en modo simple, Dual y Polarimétrico •Ancho de barrido angosto, ancho y ScanSAR • Resolución espacial en modo bajo, medio y alto. (10 -100 m) SIASGE Sistema Ítalo Argentino de Satélites para la Gestión de Emergencias Sistema SIASGE - (SISTEMA ÍTALO-ARGENTINO DE SATÉLITES PARA LA GESTIÓN DE EMERGENCIAS) Usos potenciales Gran sinergia en inundaciones utilización de SAR en incendios bandas X y L en la misma determinación de escena: combustible polución en agua Inundaciones plagas lava y ceniza Manejo del Suelo volcánica desertificación y Monitoreo de Hielos sequía DEM Hidrología erupciones volcánicas Geología interferometría polarimetría SAOCOM (misión Argentina), Banda L - 06:00 am Revisita: 12 hs. SAR COSMO-SkyMed (Misión Italiana), Banda X - 10:00 am MIENTRAS TANTO… RADARRADAR DEDE APERTURAAPERTURA SINTETICASINTETICA ENEN BANDABANDA LL AEROTRANSPORTADOAEROTRANSPORTADO -- SARATSARAT -- Misión SARAT La CONAE ha desarrollado un SAR aerotransportado, actualmente en operación, el que es utilizado principalmente para adelantar los desarrollos de las aplicaciones del SAOCOM SARAT SAR AeroTransportado: Radar de Apertura Sintética en Banda L Desarrollo conceptual • SARAT 1: SAR del SAOCOM testeo y desarrollo de aplicaciones • SARAT 2: SAR del SAOCOM testeo de conceptos de hardware y funcionalidad de sistema • validaciones tecnológicas SARAT 1 • desarrollo de aplicaciones Construcción para: • banco de prueba de nuevos desarrollos • testeo de concepto de antena • evaluación de archivo de datos y métodos de procesamiento • misma banda de frecuencias que el SAOCOM • mismo ancho de banda SARAT 1 • potencia equivalente disponible requerimientos • rango dinámico de señal extendida principales • antena SAOCOM a escala (mismo diseño) SARAT SARAT Antenna DesarrolloDesarrolloLocal Local encaradoencarado por por CONAECONAEpor por acuerdo acuerdo con con elel IARIAR( (InstitutoInstituto Argentino Argentino de de RadioastronomíaRadioastronomía)) tomandotomando ididénticoéntico dise diseñoño de de loslos elementoselementosradiantes radiantes queque lala antenaantena del del SAOCOMSAOCOM ((escalaescala geom geométrica).étrica). Vista frontal Antena SARAT (vista posterior) SARAT como Pre-SAOCOM: Campañas Cercanías de la Península Valdés (enero de 2007) SARAT como Pre-SAOCOM: Campañas Cercanías de la Península Valdés (enero de 2007) Instituto Univ. Nac. CONAE Mario de Córdoba Gulich Desarrollo de Desarrollo de aplicaciones objetivo Recursos avanzadas Humanos Desastres Naturales y SIFEMSIFEM Medio Ambiente MinisterioMinisterio Nuevas aplicaciones en Salud dede Salud Salud Instituto GULICH • Centro de excelencia para toda la región • Socios actuales: CONAE y Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. • Socio actualmente en proceso de incorporación: Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, ASI (SIASGE). • Se prevé la futura incorporación de entes de otros países de la región. Instituto de Altos Estudios Espaciales Mario Gulich Gestión de Emergencias CONAE Instituto Gulich Provisión de Información Satelital Capacitación Desarrollo de Modelos Gestión de Emergencias Carta Internacional “El Espacio y las Catástrofes Mayores” Provisión de Información Satelital por parte de de los miembros de la Carta Capacitación de PMs en la Región Desarrollo de Modelos de alerta temprana Epidemiología Panorámica CONAE – Instituto Gulich Provisión de Información Satelital Capacitación Desarrollo de Modelos y Mapas de Riesgo Epidemiología Panorámica CONAE – Instituto Gulich Centro de Colaboración de la Organización Panamericana de Salud Conservación del Patrimonio Mundial de la Humanidad UNESCO Provisión
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