Year 7 Geography- Rivers (B and P Groups) Waterfalls

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Year 7 Geography- Rivers (B and P Groups) Waterfalls

Year 7 Geography- Rivers (B and P groups) Lesson 4 – Explain how erosion creates a waterfall and a gorge Success criteria: I can name two landforms caused by river processes I can explain how a waterfall is formed I can explain how a waterfall becomes a gorge I can explain what attrition is Do now: 1. When water is evaporated from plants it is called… 2. Erosion is… 3. What is the type of erosion where water forces material from the river banks? 4. Abrasion is… 5. Name two LICs… 6. Corrosion is… Three processes occur within a river- erosion, transportation and deposition. These processes create a number of different landforms. This lesson focuses on the creation of waterfalls and gorges. Waterfalls: A waterfall is a steep fall of water, where water flows over a ledge of hard rock. Waterfalls happen in areas where hard rock overlies soft rock. The soft rock erodes more quickly than the hard rock, creating a plunge pool and overhanging ledge. Further erosion of the soft rock, makes the plunge pool deeper and the overhanging ledge unstable. Eventually the ledge falls into the plunge pool. As the steps 1-3 are repeated, the waterfall retreats upstream. Using the information above, explain each stage of waterfall formation. • Label the diagrams with these key words: soft rock, hard rock, plunge pool, overhanging ledge, abrasion, hydraulic action. Waterfalls happen in areas where _________________________ overlies ________________________________ . The ________________ erodes more quickly than the ________________________, creating a p_____________ p___________ and o________________ l___________________. Further erosion of the soft rock, makes the plunge pool _______________________ and the overhanging ledge unstable. Eventually _________________________________________. Gorge: A gorge is a narrow, steep sided valley that is found further down a river from a waterfall. A gorge is formed as a waterfall moves backwards because of erosion. Exit ticket True or false? 1. A waterfall comes before a waterfall in a river. TRUE / FALSE 2. Soft rock overlies hard rock. TRUE / FALSE 3. Waterfalls and gorges are landforms found in rivers and formed by erosion TRUE / FALSE 4. A gorge is a valley with gentle sloping sides TRUE / FALSE Challenge: how do you think waterfalls and gorges will change over time?? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ .

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