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ABSTRACTS FROM THE ISDP 2020 VIRTUAL - 53RD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY NEURO20 INFANTS' SELF-REGULATION IS MODERATED BY THE SYNCHRONY BETWEEN INFANTS' AND MOTHERS' CARDIAC VAGAL TONE Drew Abney, University of Georgia; Bennett Bertenthal, Indiana University; Elizabeth daSilva, Indiana University It is well-established that infant-mother behavioral synchrony facilitates the development of infants’ emotion regulation. Much less is known about the contributions of physiological synchrony, especially because of difficulties in continuously measuring this construct. In this study, we describe a new method for dynamically measuring vagal tone synchrony between infants and mothers, and then test whether synchrony moderates infants’ behavioral and physiological responses. A total of 114 infant-mother dyads with infants between 4- to 6-months of age were tested in the Face-to-Face-Still-Face paradigm. This paradigm introduces a mild social stressor (i.e., still-face), and infants are assessed for behavioral and physiological self- regulation before, during, and following the social stressor (i.e. reunion). The results revealed that infants’ distress followed the prototypical pattern of increasing during the still-face and then decreasing during reunion, but this pattern was moderated by vagal synchrony between infants and mothers as well as infants’ vagal reactivity. Critically, infants displaying low vagal reactivity during social play and still-face episodes were significantly more likely to reduce their distress during the reunion episode if they displayed positive synchrony with their mothers; higher levels of positive synchrony were associated with greater reductions in distress. By contrast, infants revealing high vagal reactivity were likely to reduce their distress during the reunion episode independent of positive or negative synchrony. These results suggest that mothers displaying positive synchrony with their infants were better able to co-regulate their infants’ behaviors than mothers associated with negative synchrony, especially if infants’ vagal tone was less developed and less reactive. S1-1 2 A MULTIVARIATE APPROACH TO EXAMINING ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE PRENATAL ENVIRONMENT, MATERNAL-PLACENTAL-FETAL BIOLOGY, AND OFFSPRING BRAIN CONNECTIVITY Madeleine Allen, Oregon Health and Science University; Eric Feczko, Oregon Health & Science University; Jerod Rasmussen, UC Irvine; Sonja Entringer, University of California, Irvine; Pathik Wadhwa, University of California Irvine; Claudia Buss, University of California Irvine; Damien Fair, Oregon Health and Science University; Alice Graham, Oregon Health and Science University Maternal psychological stress, socioeconomic status, life history, health, and nutrition are associated with differential offspring brain outcomes. These aspects of the prenatal environment are hypothesized to influence the developing fetal brain via stress-sensitive aspects of maternal- placental-fetal biology (MPF), which we have previously shown to be associated with altered offspring brain connectivity in the neonatal period. However, previous research has centered around univariate analyses that do not consider the wide array of preconceptional and prenatal factors with potential to influence MPF biology and the developing fetal brain. We seek to add to this research by identifying potential biological pathways for environmental effects on offspring brain outcomes using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) with a high-dimensionality dataset. Drawing from a longitudinal study of maternal-fetal/infant-dyads (N=138), biological samples were collected at two timepoints during pregnancy to derive the average across pregnancy of 34 stress-sensitive biological markers. Features of maternal life history, demographics, and lifestyle were surveyed throughout pregnancy. Resting state functional connectivity MRI in neonates was examined. CCA results show a significant canonical pair demonstrating covariance between several aspects of maternal physical and mental health during pregnancy (body mass index, gestational weight gain, and perceived social standing), and MPF biology (cortisol, C-reactive protein, and macrophage inflammatory protein). Multivariate analyses examining newborn infant brain networks in relation to MPF biology are in progress as the next phase of this study. This work advances understanding of potential biological pathways through which aspects of the prenatal environment can influence offspring brain development and subsequent developmental outcomes. STRESS22 RESILIENCE DIFFERENCES BY AGE EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS MINDSET AND ANXIETY: A MODERATED MEDIATION ANALYSIS Sarah Alonzi, Loyola University New Orleans; Madison Silverstein, PhD, Loyola University New Orleans; Angélica Pagán, Loyola University New Orleans Positive beliefs about stress (stress-is-enhancing mindset) and resilience are negatively associated with anxiety. Notably, resilience increases across the lifespan, such that older adults utilize more adaptive coping tactics than younger adults. Thus, in the current study, we hypothesized that (1) resilience would mediate the effect of stress mindset on anxiety and (2) the relationship between resilience and anxiety would be moderated by age. Participants (N = 1572) completed the following surveys online: Stress Mindset Measure, 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and PROMIS Anxiety 4-item Short Form. Resilience partially mediated the 3 relationship between stress mindset and anxiety. Age moderated the association between resilience and anxiety such that the strength of the mediated effect increased with age, ranging from β = -.17; 95% CI[ -.22,-.12] in adults 18-22 years old to β = -.23; 95% CI[ -.28,-.19] in those aged 33-45. Results demonstrate that resilience explains part of the relationship between stress mindset and anxiety and that the negative association between resilience and anxiety is strongest for older people. The socioemotional selectivity theory as well as increased experiences with adversity as age increases might explain this effect. Results also indicate that resilience might prevent negative affect when under stress even for individuals who believe that stress is debilitating. As such, psychological interventions should focus on building resilience, especially for younger adults, to combat negative affect. NEURO24 MORE BORED THAN BEFORE: CONTEXTUAL INFLUENCES ON NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF BOREDOM REGULATION DURING EASY AND OPTIMAL CONDITIONS Alana Anderson, Washington State University ; Sammy Perone, Washington State University; Elizabeth Weybright, Washington State University Boredom is a negative emotion often experienced when a situation is too easy, too challenging, or lacks meaning (Westgate & Wilson, 2018). State boredom is linked to risk behaviors such as gambling and substance use (Maio et al., 2019; Weybright et al., 2015). However, few studies have explored contextual influences on the experience of boredom. This study examines the influence of completing under challenging and optimally challenging tasks on frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), a neural correlate of emotion regulatory processes, and the theta/beta ratio, a neural correlate of top-down attentional control. Participants (N = 113) completed a decision-making task under easy and optimally challenging conditions while electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. In this task, participants judged whether two lines would collide, or not. Condition order was randomly assigned. Participants who completed the easy task second reported significantly (all p-values <.01) more boredom than those who completed the optimal task second t(111) = -3.04, indicating the under- stimulating task was perceived as more boring after the optimal condition. These participants also exhibited a significant decrease in FAA, t(50) = 2.98, suggesting participants experienced greater negative affect when the easy task was second. Participants exhibited higher theta/beta power during the optimal condition, regardless of task order, F(1,95) = 26.98, suggesting greater cognitive control during the challenging task. Variability in FAA and theta/beta aligned with self-reported experiences during the task, suggesting that stability in bottom-up and top-down regulatory processes improved the task experience. These results hold implications for reducing state boredom in educational and work settings. O3-4 MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND INFANT NEURAL RESPONSES TO EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS 4 Özlü Aran, University of Denver; Naitra Ramchander, University of Denver; Sarah Garcia, University of Denver; Ella Hennessey, University of Denver; Danielle Swales, University of Denver; Valeriia Vlasenko, University of Denver; Benjamin Hankin, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Elysia Davis, University of Denver Early life adversity has tremendous effects on infant development. Specifically, maternal postpartum depression negatively impacts offspring socio-emotional development starting with infant emotion processing. Less is known about the neural processes underlying the relation between postpartum depression and infant emotion processing. The current study examines the association between infant neural correlates of emotion processing, measured by event-related potentials to facial expressions, and maternal depressive symptoms. Method: Participants were 58 mother-infant dyads (Mmother-age = 31.4 years, SD = 4.4; Minfant-age = 7.4 months, SD = .6, 45% female).
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