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Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve Nomination Form

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Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve Nomination Form UNESCO MAB Programme Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve Nomination Form UNESCO-MAB National Committee Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia September 2011, Addis Ababa Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia – Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve Nomination Form-Sept. 2011 2 Authors : Tadesse Woldemariam Gole, Fite Getaneh Maps : All maps used in this nomination form were prepared for the purpose of this application by Mr. Fite Getaneh, with geospatial data inputs of MELCA-Ethiopia Sheka Branch. Working Party for the Nomination Form: This nomination has been made possible by the Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve Management Unit, which comprises of: Biosphere Reserve Management Unit members 1. Mr. Haile Kotacho- Sheka Zone Administration, Chairman 2. Mr. Alemu Adasho- Sheka Zone Trade and Industry Zone, Member 3. Mr. Tegegn Berhanu- Sheka Zone Department of Agriculture, Member 4. Mr. Molla Gessesse- Sheka Zone Finance and Economic Development Department, Member 5. Mr. Tadesse Wanano- Sheka Zone Justice Department, Member 6. Mr. Shiferaw Darito, Sheka Zone Development Association, Member 7. Ms. Keria Yasin- MELCA-Ethiopia, Member Nomination Process Coordinators: 1. Mr. Befekadu Refera, MELCA-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa 2. Ms. Keria Yasin, MELCA-Ethiopia, Masha Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia – Sheka Forest Biosphere Reserve Nomination Form-Sept. 2011 3 Table of Content PART I: SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. PROPOSED NAME OF THE BIOSPHERE RESERVE: .................................................................................... 5 2. COUNTRY: .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 3. FULFILLMENT OF THE THREE FUNCTIONS OF BIOSPHERE RESERVES ......................................... 5 3.1 Conservation ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5 3.2 Development -. ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Logistic support. ................................................................................................................................................................. 11 4. CRITERIA FOR DESIGNATION AS A BIOSPHERE RESERVE ................................................................ 14 4.1. Encompass a mosaic of ecological systems representative of major biogeographic regions ............... 14 4.2 Be of significance for biological diversity conservation" .................................................................................... 15 4.3 Provide an opportunity to explore and demonstrate approaches to sustainable development ........... 16 4.4 Have an appropriate size to serve the three functions of biosphere reserves ............................................. 18 4.6 Organizational arrangements should be provided for the involvement and participation .......... 22 4.7 Mechanisms for implementation ............................................................................................................................. 24 5.1 Signed by the authorities in charge of the management of the core area(s): ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined. PART II : DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................................... 31 6. LOCATION (LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE): ............................................................................................... 31 7. AREA (see map): ................................................................................................................................................... 31 7.1 Size of terrestrial Core Area(s): ........................................................................................................................... 31 7.2 Size of terrestrial Buffer Zone(s): ........................................................................................................................ 32 7.3 Approx. size of terrestrial Transition Area(s) (if applicable): .............................................................. 32 8. BIOGEOGRAPHICAL REGION:.......................................................................................................................... 36 9. LAND USE HISTORY: ........................................................................................................................................... 36 10. HUMAN POPULATION OF PROPOSED BIOSPHERE RESERVE: ....................................................... 39 10.4 Brief description of local communities living within or near the proposed Biosphere Reserve . 39 10.5 Name(s) of nearest major town(s): ........................................................................................................................ 41 10.6. Cultural significance: ................................................................................................................................................... 41 11. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................................... 45 11.1. General description of site characteristics and topography of area: ................................................ 45 11.3. Climate: ............................................................................................................................................................................ 45 11.4. Geology, geomorphology, soils: ................................................................................................................................. 46 12. BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................ 48 12.1. Forests ............................................................................................................................................................................. 48 12.2. Wetlands and water bodies ................................................................................................................................... 53 12.3. Bamboo Thickets ........................................................................................................................................................ 57 12.4. Agricultural land ........................................................................................................................................................... 60 12.5. Sacred sites ................................................................................................................................................................... 63 12.6. Grazing land .................................................................................................................................................................. 67 12.7. Built-up area .................................................................................................................................................................. 69 13. CONSERVATION FUNCTION .......................................................................................................................... 70 13.1.Contribution to the conservation of landscape and ecosystem biodiversity .................................. 70 13.2 Conservation of species biodiversity .............................................................................................................. 75 3 4 13.3. Conservation of genetic biodiversity: ................................................................................................................ 80 14. DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION ........................................................................................................................... 80 14.1. Potential for fostering economic and human development ................................................................... 80 14.2. If tourism is a major activity: ................................................................................................................................ 88 14.3. Benefits of economic activities to local people: ........................................................................................... 89 15. LOGISTIC SUPPORT FUNCTION ................................................................................................................... 90 15.1. Research and monitoring ....................................................................................................................................... 90 15.2. Environmental education and public awareness ....................................................................................... 96 15.4 Potential to contribute to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves ............................................... 99 16. USES AND ACTIVITIES .................................................................................................................................. 100 16.1 Core Area(s): ............................................................................................................................................................... 100 16.2. Buffer zone(s) ...........................................................................................................................................................
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