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Declassified Documents (1939 – 1949)
Declassified Documents (1939 – 1949) Compiled by Risto Stefov Declassified Documents (1939 – 1949) Published by: Risto Stefov Publications [email protected] Toronto, Canada All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without written consent from the author, except for the inclusion of brief and documented quotations in a review. Copyright 2015 by Risto Stefov e-Book Format May 22, 2015 2 Index Index...................................................................................................3 Introduction........................................................................................7 Balkan States – Report 1 - December 11, 1944 .................................8 A Statement of the Bulgarian Idea of Unification as the Motive of Bulgarian Foreign and Internal Policy .............................................10 In the Spirit of the Idea of Unification.............................................12 Balkan States - Report 2 - February 1, 1945....................................15 Balkan States – Report 3 - January 29th, 1945 .................................19 Balkan States – Report 4 - April 27th, 1945 ....................................24 Balkan States – Report 5 - May 17th, 1945 ......................................30 Balkan States – Report 6 - December 12, 1946 ...............................37 Balkan States 7 - June 18, 1946 .......................................................50 -
LARSON-DISSERTATION-2020.Pdf
THE NEW “OLD COUNTRY” THE KINGDOM OF YUGOSLAVIA AND THE CREATION OF A YUGOSLAV DIASPORA 1914-1951 BY ETHAN LARSON DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2020 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Maria Todorova, Chair Professor Peter Fritzsche Professor Diane Koenker Professor Ulf Brunnbauer, University of Regensburg ABSTRACT This dissertation reviews the Kingdom of Yugoslavia’s attempt to instill “Yugoslav” national consciousness in its overseas population of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, as well as resistance to that same project, collectively referred to as a “Yugoslav diaspora.” Diaspora is treated as constructed phenomenon based on a transnational network between individuals and organizations, both emigrant and otherwise. In examining Yugoslav overseas nation-building, this dissertation is interested in the mechanics of diasporic networks—what catalyzes their formation, what are the roles of international organizations, and how are they influenced by the political context in the host country. The life of Louis Adamic, who was a central figure within this emerging network, provides a framework for this monograph, which begins with his arrival in the United States in 1914 and ends with his death in 1951. Each chapter spans roughly five to ten years. Chapter One (1914-1924) deals with the initial encounter between Yugoslav diplomats and emigrants. Chapter Two (1924-1929) covers the beginnings of Yugoslav overseas nation-building. Chapter Three (1929-1934) covers Yugoslavia’s shift into a royal dictatorship and the corresponding effect on its emigration policy. -
Ethnic Groups and Library of Congress Subject Headings
Ethnic Groups and Library of Congress Subject Headings Jeffre INTRODUCTION tricks for success in doing African studies research3. One of the challenges of studying ethnic Several sections of the article touch on subject head- groups is the abundant and changing terminology as- ings related to African studies. sociated with these groups and their study. This arti- Sanford Berman authored at least two works cle explains the Library of Congress subject headings about Library of Congress subject headings for ethnic (LCSH) that relate to ethnic groups, ethnology, and groups. His contentious 1991 article Things are ethnic diversity and how they are used in libraries. A seldom what they seem: Finding multicultural materi- database that uses a controlled vocabulary, such as als in library catalogs4 describes what he viewed as LCSH, can be invaluable when doing research on LCSH shortcomings at that time that related to ethnic ethnic groups, because it can help searchers conduct groups and to other aspects of multiculturalism. searches that are precise and comprehensive. Interestingly, this article notes an inequity in the use Keyword searching is an ineffective way of of the term God in subject headings. When referring conducting ethnic studies research because so many to the Christian God, there was no qualification by individual ethnic groups are known by so many differ- religion after the term. but for other religions there ent names. Take the Mohawk lndians for example. was. For example the heading God-History of They are also known as the Canienga Indians, the doctrines is a heading for Christian works, and God Caughnawaga Indians, the Kaniakehaka Indians, (Judaism)-History of doctrines for works on Juda- the Mohaqu Indians, the Saint Regis Indians, and ism. -
Big Sky Macedonians
Big Sky Macedonians A Study of Montana’s Macedonian- Americans Victor Sinadinoski Macedonians of America Series 1 Copyright © 2019 by Victor Sinadinoski All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for the use of brief quotations. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1794471948 2 For Montana’s remaining Macedonians. 3 (This page intentionally left blank) 4 Introduction When people speak about Macedonian immigration to the United States of America, Montana rarely enters the conversation. Usually, the discussion focuses on states that presently harbor visible Macedonian communities and Macedonian Orthodox churches, such as in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New Jersey, New York and Ohio. Historically, gainful employment and community resources were readily accessible to Macedonians in these states. The thriving Midwestern cities and metropolises provided manufacturing jobs, social services, and growing Balkan colonies during the early 20th century, which allowed for a smoother transition into American society. Today, Macedonian communities still flourish in these states and the available historical documentation of Macedonian immigration suggests that these states (except for New Jersey) have always been principal gathering points for Macedonian immigrants. Hence, the idea of Macedonians working and settling in Big Sky Country1 is at best a distant memory: most Macedonians have no awareness of Macedonian immigration to Montana. However, Macedonian immigration to Montana was a significant part of the Macedonian experience in the early 20th century and the evidence for this claim is plentiful. Still, there has been little exploration into the topic. -
House Resolution No.149
HOUSE RESOLUTION NO.149 Rep. Steenland offered the following resolution: 1 A resolution to declare September 2021 as Macedonian American 2 Heritage Month in the state of Michigan. 3 Whereas, Since the 1880s, tens of thousands of Macedonians 4 fled geographic Macedonia to the United States seeking civil 5 liberties, human rights, religious freedom, and economic 6 opportunities in response to the 1903 Ilinden Uprising against the 7 Ottoman Empire, the 1912-13 Balkan Wars, the two World Wars, the 8 Greek Civil War, and communist Yugoslavian policies; and 9 Whereas, Currently the Macedonian community in Michigan is a 10 vibrant one that is embedded within the American mosaic partaking 11 in all walks of life, business, medicine, law, technology, civic 12 engagement, government, the military, education, journalism, the Macedonian American Heritage M 21H 2 1 arts, culinary world, athletics, and more; and 2 Whereas, The United Macedonian Diaspora estimates there are 3 over 125,000 Americans of Macedonian heritage living in the Great 4 Lakes State; and 5 Whereas, Michigan is home to the largest community of 6 Macedonian language speakers in the United States, according to the 7 U.S. Census; and 8 Whereas, Michigan benefits from our hard working and 9 passionate Macedonian American community members who, over several 10 generations, have taken risks, chartered new frontiers, and opened 11 businesses in a wide array of sectors including sports, retail, 12 food and drink, financial, construction, health services, and 13 textiles; and 14 Whereas, -
UMD Global Conference 2011
United Macedonian Diaspora Publication Volume 10 • Summer/Fall Double Edition 2011 • www.umdiaspora.org UMD GLOBAL CONFERENCE 2011 REMEMBERING THE OHRID FRAMEWORK COERCION BEST PROMOTER OF MACEDONIA AWARD GREEK ORTHODOX BISHOP Celebrating 20 Years of THREATENS To DESTROY MACEDONIAN RADIO STATION Macedonian IndependenceSUMMER/FALL 2011 1 DO YOU HAVE A PASSION... FOR MACEDONIA? DO YOU HAVE SPECIAL KNOWLED...GE, UNIQUE EXPERIENCE TO SHARE? DO YOU LOVE TO WRITE, TAKE PHOTOS? IF YOU ANSWERED YES ... ... then consider submitting your original writing and photos for publication in UMD Voice Magazine! Apply at: [email protected] or call: +1 (800) 863-9583 x1, or +1 (202) 756-2244 ADVERTISING RATES Back Cover (full) - $1000 Inside cover (full) - $750 Any inside full page - $600 1/2 page (vert/horiz) - $400 1/4 page (vert/horiz) - $250 Please contact us for special pricing deals. We are happy to arrange an affordable advertising package for your needs: United Macedonian Diaspora 1101 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, 6th Floor Washington, D.C. 20004 (202) 756-2244 • [email protected] All advertising is subject to approval by UMD Voice’s editorial staff, which reserves the right to refuse or cancel any advertisement at any time. IN THIS ISSUE 4 Letter from the President 5 Editorial: Remembering The Ohrid Framework Coercion 7 Letters To The Editor 8 Anita Talevski: Macedonian “Iron Woman” 11 Product Profile: Macedonia’s First Cognac 12 H.M. Arndt, Macedonian Consul in Germany’s Rhineland United Macedonian Diaspora 1101 Pennsylvania Ave NW, 6th Floor 13 May 1st Party in Cegan, Aegean Macedonia: A Traditon Is Born Washington, D.C. -
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— Extensions of Remarks E220 HON
E220 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 27, 2019 Ridge Service Ambassadors for Youth award. Even as the Civil War raged on, Judge Drum- that concern Marfan syndrome patients, but I have no doubt she will exhibit the same dedi- mond balanced his sense of duty and patriot- the effects the condition has on internal sys- cation and character in all of her future ac- ism, actively supporting the Union and Presi- tems. Most notably, in Marfan patients the complishments. dent Lincoln while still defending the Chicago large artery, known as the aorta, which carries f Times’ right to freedom of speech and criti- blood away from the heart is weakened and cism. prone to enlargement and rupture, which can IN RECOGNITION OF CHRISTIAN Today the court exists as the Northern Dis- be fatal. It is for this reason that increased KNOP trict of Illinois and is led by Chief Judge Rube´n awareness of Marfan syndrome can save Castillo. It has grown considerably during its lives. HON. MIKE ROGERS 200 years and now contains 22 judicial posts, While there is currently no cure for Marfan OF ALABAMA ensuring further public and juris prudential ac- syndrome, efforts are underway to enhance IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cess to its resources and rulings. I am grateful our understanding of the condition and im- prove patient care. I applaud the National In- Wednesday, February 27, 2019 to the District Court and its people, for laws are useless without justice. stitutes of Health, particularly the National Mr. ROGERS of Alabama. Madam Speaker, Madam Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the Na- I ask for the House’s attention to recognize me in honoring the United States District Court tional Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Christian Knop. -
BBG) Board from January 2012 Through July 2015
Description of document: Monthly Reports to the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) Board from January 2012 through July 2015 Requested date: 16-June-2017 Released date: 25-August-2017 Posted date: 02-April-2018 Source of document: BBG FOIA Office Room 3349 330 Independence Ave. SW Washington, D.C. 20237 Fax: (202) 203-4585 The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. Broadcasting 330 Independence Ave.SW T 202.203.4550 Board of Cohen Building, Room 3349 F 202.203.4585 Governors Washington, DC 20237 Office of the General Counsel Freedom of Information and Privacy Act Office August 25, 2017 RE: Request Pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act - FOIA #17-058 This letter is in response to your Freedom of Information Act .(FOIA) request dated June 16, 2017 to the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG), which the Agency received on June 20, 2017. -
Macedonian Migration to North America and the Making of Modern Macedonia, 1870-1970
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: SALVATION ABROAD: MACEDONIAN MIGRATION TO NORTH AMERICA AND THE MAKING OF MODERN MACEDONIA, 1870-1970 Gregory Michaelidis, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Gary Gerstle, Chair, Department of History This dissertation explores the establishment of Macedonian diaspora communities in North America, and the concurrent development of Macedonian national identity, between 1870 and 1970. Taking a transnational approach to cultural history, it ultimately finds a reciprocal relationship between Macedonian migration and identity by focusing on key nationalist leaders and organizations, as well as the crucial points of transformation in the evolution of Macedonian national identity. By blurring the boundary between Canada and the United States – as did many migrants from Macedonia who saw the two countries as “Upper” and “Lower” America – this study emphasizes migration rather than settlement in order to unveil nationalism’s religious, cultural and political components. The dissertation, therefore, is grounded not in the cement of a single national narrative, but in the cultural products that result from passages – physical, spiritual, and social – among nations. As the nineteenth century ended, a climate of deprivation and violence compelled tens of thousands of men from the Macedonian region to depart their troubled corner of the Balkans and find economic salvation abroad. Like their fellow villagers, most of the migrants considered themselves to be geographically Macedonian but culturally Bulgarian. Almost none identified with a nationality in the modern sense. This study argues, however, that more than simply fulfilling an economic mission abroad, the migrant men, and later their families, capitalized on the freedoms North America offered to forge a broader “salvation” that fundamentally changed their national and ethnic worldview. -
The Reactions of Immigrants from the South Slavic Lands and Their Descendants in the Usa to the Dissolution of Yugoslavia (1989–1993)
THE REACTIONS OF IMMIGRANTS FROM THE SOUTH SLAVIC LANDS AND THEIR DESCENDANTS IN THE USA TO THE DISSOLUTION OF YUGOSLAVIA (1989–1993) Matjaž KLEMENČIČI COBISS 1.01 ABSTRACT The Reactions of Immigrants from the South Slavic Lands and their Descendants in the USA to the Dissolution of Yugoslavia (1989–1993) The paper describes the activities of the organizations of individual ethnic groups in the US from the re- gions of former Yugoslavia. These groups on the one hand supported Serbian interests and centralized and unifi ed Yugoslavia, and on the other supported the interests of the other former Yugoslav republics to establish independent states. KEY WORDS: Yugoslav diaspora, immigrant organizations, USA, former Yugoslavia IZVLEČEK Reakcije jugoslovanskih izseljencev in njihovih potomcev v ZDA na razpad nekdanje Jugoslavije (1989–1993) V prispevku je orisano delovanje organizacij posameznih priseljenskih skupnosti v ZDA z območja nek- danje Jugoslavije. Te so na eni strani podpirale srbske interese in s tem enotno Jugoslavijo, na drugi pa interese drugih nekdanjih jugoslovanskih republik po ustanavljanju neodvisnih držav. KLJUČNE BESEDE: jugoslovanski izseljenci, izseljenske organizacije, ZDA, nekdanja Jugoslavija INTRODUCTION This paper addresses the attitudes of immigrants to the US from the former Yugoslav lands to the events that led to the federation’s dissolution, as well as the active role of immigrants from these regions and their descendants in the USA in infl uencing US policy with regard to Yugoslavia’s dissolution. Generally the group of immigrants most responsive to the events in the Old Country was the fi rst generation of immigrants; however, the immigrants’ attachment to the Old Country was evident in all generations. -
George Pirinsky
George Pirinsky The Voice of Macedonian Progressives in America Victor Sinadinoski Macedonians of America Series 1 Copyright © 2018 by Victor Sinadinoski All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher except for the use of brief quotations. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1719493994 2 For the Macedonians in Pirin Macedonia who are still struggling to achieve recognition and equality. 3 (This page intentionally left blank) 4 I. Who Was George Pirinsky? The life of George Pirinsky was eventful and complicated and defined by boundless energy and uneasy tension. As a devout Macedonian, he aspired for a free and united Macedonia and supported the creation of a Macedonian republic within a Balkan federation. He relentlessly advocated for progressive ideals, a fact evidenced by his unquestionable loyalty to the labor movement. He was also a unifying voice for Slavic-Americans at a time when this large mass of American immigrants was disorganized and distant, both from other Slavic-Americans and from mainstream American life. He was a tireless activist who organized people and spoke at rallies in the daytime, and who wrote articles, pamphlets and books into the late hours of night. However, Pirinsky’s support for Russian and communist ideologies and policies, as well as his immigrant status, rendered him an inevitable target of the United States government’s witch-hunt of ‘Un-Americans.’ Throughout his life, he was distraught by the ascent and perseverance of fascism and capitalism, and he feared tremendously that both the Balkans and America were constantly on the verge of succumbing to Hitleresque ideologies and policies. -
2012 UMD Annual Report
2012 UMD Annual Report u n ! i t a n ed w e c The Global Macedonian United, We Can Make a Difference 2012 UMD Annual Report I. Executive Summary II. UMD Financial Statement III. UMD Operations / Events IV. Youth and Education V. Promoting Macedonian Culture VI. Charitable Activity VII. A Voice for Macedonia VIII. Macedonian Companions Program I. Executive Summary Founded in 2004, the United Macedonian Diaspora (UMD) is a leading international non-governmental and non-pro!t organization promoting the interests and needs of Macedonians and Macedonian communities worldwide. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., UMD has built a formidable operations network throughout the U.S., Australia, Canada, and Europe, with membership spanning six continents. UMD Objectives t4BGFHVBSEJOHUIFSJHIUTPG.BDFEPOJBOTBSPVOEUIFXPSME t6OJGZJOHUIF.BDFEPOJBOEJBTQPSB t$PMMBCPSBUJOHXJUIUIFHSFBUFSJOUFSOBUJPOBMDPNNVOJUZUPQSPNPUFUIFVOJWFSTBMJEFBMTPGQFBDF GSFFEPN self-determination, equality, and justice t1SPNPUJOHUIF.BDFEPOJBOFUIOJDIFSJUBHFBOEJEFOUJUZ t1SFTFSWJOH.BDFEPOJBOUSBEJUJPOTWJBFEVDBUJPOBM TPDJBM BOEDIBSJUBCMFQSPHSBNT UMD Policy Issues t4VQQPSUJOHUIF3FQVCMJDPG.BDFEPOJBTDPOTUJUVUJPOBMBOESJHIUGVMOBNF t%FGFOEJOHUIF.BDFEPOJBOFUIOJDBOEOBUJPOBMJEFOUJUZJOUFSOBUJPOBMMZ t4BGFHVBSEJOHUIFIVNBOSJHIUTPG.BDFEPOJBOTFWFSZXIFSF t*NQSPWJOHCJMBUFSBMSFMBUJPOTCFUXFFO.BDFEPnia and the nations in which UMD operates t4VQQPSUJOHUIF3FQVCMJDPG.BDFEPOJBTNFNCFSTIJQJOSFHJPOBMBOEJOUFSOBUJPOBMPSHBOJ[BUJPOT TVDIBTUIF/PSUI Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Union UMD recognizes that the