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2006 Fruit and Vegetable Crops Research Report Edited by John Snyder and Chris Smigell

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2006 Fruit and Vegetable Crops Research Report Edited by John Snyder and Chris Smigell 2006 Fruit and Vegetable Crops Research Report Edited by John Snyder and Chris Smigell Faculty, Staff, Students, and Grower/Cooperators Horticulture International Student Extension Agents for Grower/Cooperators Interns (Thailand) Agriculture and Horticulture Keith Bland Faculty Nattanit Piyakarn (Kiwi) David Appelman, Bracken County Steve Brooks Tom Cottrell Wissarud Sukhaket (Aon) Nick Carter, Fayette County Tim Cecil Rick Durham Pat Hardesty, Taylor County Bill Chapman Terry Jones Horticulture Farm Clint Hardy, Daviess County Jeff Coke S. Kaan Kurtural Student Workers David Hull, Gallatin County Mike and Carol Cowan Joseph Masabni Matt Anderson Dr. Annette Heisdorffer, Daviess Joe O’Daniel Brent Rowell Jessica Ballard County (Horticulture) Sheila DeSimio John Snyder Ryan Capito Carol La Faver, Warren County Dan Flanagan John Strang Jessica Cole Chris Milam, Logan County Everette Hopkins Mark Williams Chris Fuehr Diane Perkins, Hancock County Bill LeGrand Ben Henshaw Rankin Powell, Union County John McAlanan Area Extension Associates Erin Kunze Nathan Howard, Green River, Earl and Sally Nash Mary Lesch Larry Schrecker northwestern Kentucky Daniel McNatt Kentucky State University (vegetables) Mary Ellen Steggeman Claudia Meeks Talon Vinyard and Winery Nathan Howell, Mammoth Charles Neal Faculty Cave, south-central Kentucky George F. Antonious, Department Tanglewood Farms Tyler Pierce Lenwood Taylor (vegetables) Kiefer Shuler of Plant and Soil Sciences Amanda Ferguson Sears, Eastern Tejinder S. Kochhar, Department Triple E Farms Joseph Tucker Erik Wallese Kentucky (vegetables) David Wayne of Biology Bonnie Sigmon, Laurel and Kirk Pomper, Department of Plant Darry Waltz surrounding counties, and Soil Sciences Clay Wells southeastern Kentucky Entomology Professional Staff (vegetables) Faculty Chris Smigell, Bluegrass, central Janet Meyer Ric Bessin Jami Rogers Kentucky (small fruits) Dan Potter Dave Spalding, Bluegrass, central Kentucky (vegetables) Professional Staff Horticulture Farm Manager Michael Seagraves Darrell Slone Plant Pathology Horticulture Farms Staff Acknowledgments and Technical Staff Faculty Katie Bale John Hartman Grants from the Agricultural Development Board through the Sherri Dutton Kenny Seebold Kentucky Horticulture Council have allowed an expansion of the field Courtney Hart research and demonstration program to meet the informational and Professional Staff educational needs of our growing vegetable and fruit industries. Philip Ray Hays Paul Bachi June Johnston Julie Beale Derek Law The cost of publishing this research report is shared by the UK Ed Dixon Department of Horticulture, the Nursery/Landscape Research Fund, a Dave Lowry Sara Long Janet Pfeiffer Kentucky Agricultural Development Fund grant through the Kentucky Kirk Ranta Horticulture Council, Inc. and the New Crop Opportunities Center. Hilda Rogers Agricultural Economics April Satanek Important note to readers: Bonka Vaneva Faculty The majority of research reports in this volume do not include Dwight Wolfe Tim Woods treatments with experimental pesticides. It should be understood that any experimental pesticide must first be labeled for the crop in Graduate Students Professional Staff question before it can be used by growers, regardless of how it might Audrey Horrall Matt Ernst have been used in research trials. The most recent product label is Brandon O’Daniel Jeff Herrington the final authority concerning application rates, precautions, harvest Katie Russell Jim Mansfield intervals, and other relevant information. Contact your countys Patsy Wilson Cooperative Extension Service if you need assistance in interpreting pesticide labels. This is a progress report and may not reflect exactly the final outcome of ongoing projects. Please do not reproduce project reports for distribution without permission of the authors. Mention or display of a trademark, proprietary product, or firm in text or figures does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other suitable products or firms. Contents Introduction University of Kentucky Fruit and Vegetable Program Overview—2006 .................................5 Getting the Most Out of Research Reports ........................................................................................6 Produce Marketing Intentions Survey—Continued Expansion ..................................................9 Kentucky Restaurant Produce Demand and Marketing Implications ....................................11 Demonstrations On-Farm Vegetable Demonstrations in Northwestern Kentucky ............................................14 On-Farm Commercial Vegetable Demonstrations in South-Central Kentucky with Observations on Low Tunnel Tomato Production ............................................ 15 On-Farm Commercial Vegetable Demonstrations in Southeastern Kentucky ...................17 On-Farm Commercial Vegetable Demonstrations .........................................................................18 Grapes and Wine Regional Wine Grape Marketing and Price Outlook for 2006 ..................................................20 Effects of Pruning and Cluster Thinning on Canopy Microclimate, Yield, and Fruit Composition of Vidal Blanc Grapevines .......................................... 22 Effects of Pruning and Cluster Thinning on Yield and Fruit Composition of Traminette Grapevines...................................................................................................... 25 Fall Weed Control in Grapes .................................................................................................................. 27 Weed Control in Bearing Grape—UKREC ...................................................................................... 29 Evaluating Host Plant Resistance and the Impact of Japanese Beetle Defoliation on Young Grapevines ....................................................................................... 30 Evaluation of Eastern European Wine Grape Cultivars for Kentucky ....................................31 Vinifera Grape Training Trial ................................................................................................................ 36 Small Fruit Blueberry Cultivar Trial for Eastern Kentucky ............................................................................... 38 Blueberry Variety Evaluations ................................................................................................................ 39 Evaluation of Strawberry Varieties as Matted Rows ......................................................................40 Tree Fruit Asian Pear, Apple, and Peach Variety Demonstrations ............................................................... 41 Rootstock and Interstem Effects on Pome Fruit Trees ................................................................. 43 Fall Weed Control in Apples and Peaches ........................................................................................ 45 Evaluation of Herbicide Performance in Newly Planted Pawpaw ............................................ 47 continued Vegetables Evaluation of Direct Seeding and Transplant of Sweet Corn on Black Plastic Mulch ..... 48 Ornamental Corn Evaluation in Eastern Kentucky ...................................................................... 48 Leafy Greens RACE Variety Trial (Conventional and Organic) ............................................... 49 Specialty Melon Variety Evaluations ................................................................................................... 52 Evaluation of Fungicide Programs for Management of Gummy Stem Blight of Watermelon ................................................................................. 55 Effect of Transplant Size on Yields and Returns of Bell Peppers .............................................. 57 IR-4 Insecticide Evaluation for Stink Bug Control on Peppers .................................................. 58 Winter Squash and Pumpkin Variety Evaluations ......................................................................... 60 Pumpkin Cultivar Trial in Eastern Kentucky ................................................................................. 62 Fall Pumpkin Trial—Northwestern Kentucky................................................................................. 63 Evaluation of Fungicide Programs for Management of Downy Mildew of Winter Squash ......................................................................................64 Weed Control in No-Till Pumpkin—UKREC ................................................................................. 65 Yield, Income, and Quality of Fall Staked Tomato Cultivars in Eastern Kentucky .......... 67 Yield, Income, and Quality of Staked Tomato Cultivars in Central Kentucky .................... 68 Effect of Habitat Modification on Biological Control of European Corn Borers in Bell Peppers ............................................................................. 70 Evaluation of Haygrove High Tunnels for Season Extension in Organic Vegetable Production ............................................................................................. 72 Hot Pepper Extracts for Cabbage Looper Control ......................................................................... 72 Mitigation of Herbicide Mobility under Field Conditions ...........................................................74 Impact of Incorporating Sewage Sludge into Native Soil on Herbicide Mobility ............... 77 Diagnostic Laboratory Fruit and
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