..

., news OCTOBER 1965 2 NEWS .CIRCLE SABINA In this issue: -~

c V) Your editor was fortunate enough to 0 c have read Pepita Kauffman's article on ....., .\,, 0 Indian music and the dance (it will come ..., u ....., in two parts-the dance will be published c 0 in December) before she saw the Bhara­ ....., u tiya Kala Kendra's Ramlila. However, V) one thing seems certain-there will be 0 more three and four hour music-ballet ( ~ evenings ahead for you (just read Delhi ...... Datebook) and Pepita's definitive piece 0 V) should prove of inestimatable value when ~ you find yourselves uneasily eyeing a V) ....., sarod, sitar and tabla . c V> Q) There is some sad news for us this E V) month. Ruth Obee, who has done such an heroic amount of phoning, L- tel E walking and just poking about Delhi to get all the unusual items for Delhi l? 0 Datebook, is leaving for Calcutta. Her husband didn't think much of 0 the editor's suggestion of leaving her here. We will miss her. Gloria L- "'O Bailey will be taking over the column in December. You get a pre-taste tel c of her ability to nose out unusual items in this month's shopping column. Q) tel :r: Jan Marquis makes her debut as a cover artist this month and under ~ duress, since her three-year old fancies herself an artist too, and kept 0 u getting in Jan's new paint set. Didi Toulouse writes movingly about ....., ....., the volunteer work among the Tibetans and of the beauty of their moun­ I 0 tain refuge. Hildreth Schenk also wcites movingly about her dhersi-or >-.. dhersis. If you've noted some neat bits of art work and make-up of late "'O x tel w in News Circle, it's probably the work of Marion Tiger, whose arrival in Q) Telephone : 611692 Delhi was greeted with rejoicing by 0::: ·-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ll Sunder Magar Market c this editor. Marion is clever at CONTENTS New Delhi ever,y aspect of make-up (she even Delhi Date Book 6 I 6A Napean S~a Road used to get paid for it) and this Bombay Indian Music 8 month she has a by-line for her Picnic IO Showroom : 618888 illustrations of Hildreth's story. Phone : [ Workshop : 618888 She's also responsible for our sign­ A Portable Dhersi 12 GULSHAN ELECTRIC STORES off-the familiar rear end of a Delhi Bookmarker 14 13-A, Khan Market, New Delhi Shopping 18 SALES & REPAIR bicycle. RADIO, ELECTRICAL & REFRIGERATION Market Fare 24 ENGINEERS CONTRACTORS & MANUFACTURERS

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Interests Chairman Eleanor Tuesday and Friday mornings 9-12 Calendar of Activities Haney 618558) located in the small library of November 4 9:30 a.m . 2 :30 - 5 p.in. Roosevelt House Newcomers Coffee at home of Liaison Committee's "At Home" Servant's Registry: Mrs. M. Grossman Louise Spector 40 Sundar Nagar Located at Roosevelt' House 10 Ratendone Road (for information call Liaison Mon., W:ed., and Fri. 8:30 - (for information call Hospitality Committe.e Chairman Lucie Jean 11:30 a.m. Chairman Amy Harris 618763) Bourne, 618870) 70351 , ext. 345 Household Bank: Mrs. J. Shanku, November 17 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. November 9 74936 Holy Family Bridge Party The monthly meeting of the Located in the basement of 10 Ratendone Road American Women's Club of De.Jhi American Embassy will be held November 9th at 9:30 (for information call Ruth Hall- a.m. at Roosevelt House. The prog­ 47795) ram will be a pa.nel of guest speakers for RAWSILK & REPTILE SHOES co-ordinated by Miss Ruby Pernell, Novembel' 23 9:30 a.m. l\NO HANDBAGS TO MATCH Social Welfare Attache. The guest Welfare Committee Meeting at YOUR DRESSES speakers are Mrs. Bhaghawatbie home of Welfare Chairman Mohinder, General-Secretary G'l the ''KIM BROTHERS'' Y.W.C.A. of Delhi, Dr. Sindu Phadke Donna Newberry of the Delhi School of Social Work, 48 Sundar Nagar 13 /3, jorba1h Mkt., New Deihl and Dr. D. D. Chacko. There will be December 1 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. time for questions you might like to PRECIOUS STONES, EMBROIDERY ask, after which the Hospitality Com­ Christmas Bazaar at Roosevelt AND MUGHAL JEWELLERY mittee will serve refreshments. House Mo ti Jewels Palace November 16 10:30 a.m. YWCA Work Parties: call Ginny Cox A Visit to WHO Headquarters 44810 3, Sunder Nagar Market, (for information call Special Lending Libral'y: Mrs. D. Bennet NEW DELIIl • 6 NEWS CIR CLE

THEATRE Df:.Lti I MUS IC OAT£ DANCE BOOK.. · EXHIBITS by Ruth Obee

November in Delhi promises cool, invigorating a highly professional group, hopes to resume its day:,;, stretches of green landscape and a sun-tan colorful program of "Dance of India" in which all regulated sun. · It is clearly the time to emerge from of the major folk and classical dances are presented. the "air-conditioned bathysphere" and refresh body For particulars watch the local dailies or call 40707 · and soul by participating in a favorite sport. For (from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. and 2:00 p.m. to 5 p.m.). the golf enthusiast, the Delhi Golf Club offers a The / International Doll's Museum,-tentatively beautiful course where the obstacle may be as pic­ scheduled to open November 13th at 4 Mathura turesque as some antique Moghul tomb. The begin­ Road-is as enchanting as it is uniqµe. Mr. K. ner can arrange for private lessons with a pro. There 'Shankar Pillai, its founder, has devoted many years are several good tennis courts in Delhi at the hotels, to assembling this unusual collection of 4,000 dolls clubs and embassies. Various riding clubs such as in which nearly all the countries of the world are the Delhi Riding Club, Delhi Polo Club and the represented. Children of every age should enjoy Cavalier's Riding Club for children provide horses seeing this collection of dolls, many of which have for people interested in riding or playing polo and such authentic costumes and expressive faces they also instruction for beginners. almost seem alive. One never ceases discovering in Delhi new and Mr. Shankar Pillai is also developing an inter­ interesting ways to spend a leisurely morning. The national library for children to be located in the Theatre Crafts Museum located at Mandi House near :,;ame building. USIS, for example, is probably more often discovered December 31st is the deadline for entries in Shan­ than read about. It is, as its name suggests, kar's International Children's Art Competition for a museum where fantastic and elegant costumes, children aged 3-16. Painting and literature are the jewelry and tapestry related to the folk arts, are dis­ two areas of competition in which children from all played. Of special interest is the exhibit of Rajas­ parts of the world are invited to participate. Awards tani puppets, some of which are very old, and the will be presented by an international panel of judges Rajastani puppeteer himself and his famous dancing and an exhibit made up of the award-winning paint­ puppet. Incidentally, he expressed his interest in ings will travel abroad. More details are available performing for children's parties. At the Theatre through USIS. Crafts Museum there is a shop in which masks depicting the various gods and demons and Rajastani Because of the political situation at the time the puppets are hand-crafted and sold at reasonable November column was researched, many events were prices. scheduled on a tentative basis; others, which were postponed, may be subsequently re-rescheduled. For Having been intrigued by the exhibit of dance up-to-date information, check the local dailies. costumes, one is at once eager to see the dances themselves performed. There are frequently oppor­ Theatre tunities to see performances of Bharata Natyam or The Rape of the Belt, a witty play by Benn W. Manipuri Ras, but the wild and vigorous Bhangra Levy, is about Hercules' Ninth Labor and offers some .of the Punjab or more dramatic Kathak are not so "highly civilized fun at the expense of war-mongers often performed. However, the Natya Ballet Centre, and romantics." It will be staged by the Little

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• 7 NOVEMBER 1965

Theatre Group at the delightful Triveni Garden Theatre on the 19th through 21st of November. P. L. Desh Pande, the Emlyn Williams of India, will give dramatic readings from great Indian works of literature at Sapru House November 5-9 at 6:30 p.m. The National School of Drama will present a festi­ val of plays both Western and Indian the first two weeks in November at the Triveni Garden Theatre. Among those represented may be such great drama­ tic works as King Lear, The Father and The Miser. In conjunction with the festival, the school will exhibit at the Triveni Gallery masks and proper.ties of the theatre made by the students. At AIFACS: on November 5th, 6th and 7th, the Mass Theatre from Calcutta will present a Bengali drama. In commemoration of the birthday of the late prime-minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, the Indian National Theatre from "Bombay will present a ballet based on his book The Discovery of India. On the 16th. the Delhi Experimental Theatre will give a variety show. P. C. Sorcar, whose name suggests his supernatural powers, will cut bodies and reas-

Useful Addresses Sapru House Barakhamba Road 1 Triveni Kala Sangam Tansen Marg 205 Fly TWA's mighty Jet fleet through (also Triveni Garden Europe, over the Atlantic, to and Theater) Lalit Kala Akademi Rabindra Bhavan 1 across the U.S.A. • You get there Natya Ballet Center G-2 Coimaught Place 1 in less time, have more time for AIFA~S Building Rafi Marg 1 bus.iness, more time for pleasure • British Council Library AIFACS Bldg., Rafi Marg 1 International Cultural Hailey Road 16 Whatever your destination ... a few Center hours in the air and you're there. USIS Library Curzon Road 24 So let yourself go and enjoy the Max Mueller Bhavan Curzon Road 3 fun, color and excitement of this semble them and perform other feats of magic in a great Jet Age Adventure. Don't show scheduled for November 26-December 2. Here wait. .. set your date! Call your is a splendid chance to watch a world-famed magi­ travel agent or TWA cian conjure the magic of the East. Films In November The Indian Film Club, sponsored by the Inter-National Cultural Center, will have a show­ mg ot the film "Anjali" directed by Shri Chetan Anand. "This episode of Bhikshu Anand, the young­ est and the closest disciple of Gautama the Buddha. deals with the two girls in love with him." Music The Bach Chamber Orchestra, under the auspices of the Delhi Music Society, will perform for the

(Continued 011 page 29) ...... , ... 8 NEWS CIRCLE

INDIAN MUSIC

by

Pepita Kauffman

HEN the music the event, the differences between ed" and attend every performance and dance sea­ it and its Western counterpart are they can find (sometimes a feat in son is in full bound to be extraordinarily striking itself, since advance publicity is swing, the of­ and perhaps rather unsettling. Indian usually not very good) . ferings are so music is so strange to our ears at rich and nu­ first that some people decide to Here in Delhi, the listener can merous that avoid it altogether. But those hear South Indian (Carnatic) virtually every foreigner in Delhi curious enough to give it a try classical music as well as North sooner or later finds himself seat­ usually find that with repeated ex­ Indian (Hindustani), for there is ed in an audience, watching some­ posure they like it more and more. , a sizable South Indian population Indian artist perform. Whatever Some, in fact, get completely "hook- in the city, and South Indians are NOVEMBER 1965 9 quite serious about their music, giving their children their appreciation and to encourage the soloists to still lessons as a matter of course, just as we like to have greater efforts. If the leading artist is a really big our offspring study piano or violin. They constitute, name, the rest of the stage may be jammed with therefore, a knowledgeable and critical audience. devotees. They, as well as the audience in the pit, will not hesitate to express their approbation for Only recently in North India, on the other hand, passages well done. has music begun to be considered a worthwhile part of a privileged child's cultural upbringing, so in this For the rest of the evening you may see and hear area we find a higher proportion of non-playing a strangely fascinating performance without in the listeners. The performing tradition has been kept least understanding what is going on. But you will alive by families, with the father handing down notice that it does go on, and on and on, with people his art to his son or son-in-law. The rigorous train­ getting more in the mood with each passing hour. ing starts in the early years and continues into Most of the music is partly or wholly improvised, young manhood (until recently it went on to the and perhaps this is why it takes the artist time to exclusion of other types of education) until the get into the mood-he needs at least an hour to hit result is a musician of superb technical capacity, his stride. So proceedings may seem to begin in a with a command of rhythm and pitch, according to very slow and dragged-out fashion, but eventually Yehudi Menuhin, that is superior to any in th P. the pace moves to liveliness and often to fever pitch. world. The artist's creation in most cases is limited only by the requirements of the Raag (a rising and des­ Now remember, we're talking about classical music. cending sequence. of notes with. a pattern all its Tf you turn on your radio you are quite likely to own-no other note may be used), and the Tal (a hear a baby voiced soprano. nasally shrilling verse rhythmic unit consisting of a set number of beats in after verse of some catchy sounding ditty. This is a fixed time period) . When the artist is ready to film music, and- while it may make us tap our feet and may also provide the student of Hindi with a play, the type of piece is announced, the Raag is translator's challenge, we need not feel compelled to (Co11ti1111ed on pagr 20) develop a deep appreciation of it as a musical form. We may be properly awed by the realization· that virtually all the singing of female parts in Indian films is done by one wildly popular playback artist, Lata Mangeshkar; her hold on the field is an impre:-­ sive one. But most Indian music lovers feel that film music is trite and represents a definite back­ sliding from classical standards. You will not have much opportunity to hear folk music. Little h_as beeri done to collect and preseni genuine folk songs, and all too often, in music as in dancing, the "folk" label is applied to modern com­ positions of highly dubious caliber. · Let us, therefore, talk a bit about learning to understand and like Indian classical music. Actually you do not need an explicit understanding in order to learn to like and even love it, for the tonal intervals and sequences seem less strange and mon~ appealing as time goes on, the rhythms are quite remarkable, and the show put on by soloist and accompanists can be positively exciting. Soon yon find yourself wanting more. You will usually not see one man performing all by himself. When the curtain opens to reveal the stage, you'll see a low platform on which are seated cross-legged a whole crew of men. In the middle will be the soloist. To one side will be a man seated before some sort of drum. Others will be holding various stringed instruments, or one may be mani·­ pulating a small, box-like organ. Some may have no instruments at all, but as the music gets underway they waggle their heads from side to side to show 0 1 EW S CIR CLE

The Picnic by

Didi Toulouse

Dhrfrn111sala

ITH the per­ volunteer w orkers .i s hectic. Their land t hat is occasionally used for mission · of the very long day commences at five picnics. The climb to t he area is Indian Gov­ in the morning and often continues gradual and pleasant. There is an ernment I man­ far into the night. There is seldom excellent road, flanked by rhodo­ aged to escape an inacti~e moment or an end to dendron trees. In the spring it i · t he suffocating working hours. Som eone is always an overwhelming sight. The fl.ovvers heat of Delhi on the run from the upper to are ruby-red and enormous in s.ize. this summer by going to Dha­ lower Nursery, or from there to the nestling enchantingly into the back­ ramsala for · nine weeks as a dispensary-cum-hospital; or is i.t drop of the green heavenly smell­ voluntary worker in the Nursery the other way around? I ·worked ing, tall pine trees. By the time we and the Transit School maintained and lived within the dispensary arrived at the picni.c grounds it wa there for the Tibetan Refugee compound helping new arrivals getting dark, dark as it can be only Children. Dharamsala, in the Pun­ from Nepal who suffered from m al­ in high m ountains, but armed with jab, is located at the six thousand nutrition and required special care. flashlights we fi nally reached the foot level and has a population of The telephone invitation from the Lake area. about twenty thousand people. It young P rincipal to attend a Satur­ The stars,' unobstructed by dust is a beautiful area, containing day evening picnic at Dal Lake or smog seemed to be our guiding many lazy little villages and sur­ was very happily accepted by the lights, making the trees look mys­ rounded by gorgeous pine trees. S wiss Doctor, the Swiss Nurse, and terious and perhaps even sinister The snow clad mountains, part of myself. The change would do all and very, very tall. At the en­ the Himalayan ·foothills, frame the of us good. We and the other tr;mce of the Lake area is a Hindu whole region into a picture of volunteers and workers needed to Temple and it gleamed in white­ peac'e and tranquility. get away from our exhausting ness and haunting beauty. Dal The Nursery and Transit School routine. Lake has a rp.ost interesting past has about twelve hundred children Dal Lake is located about one connected with the H1ndu religion. and is located far from the dust thousand feet above Dharamsala. Apart from its scenic beauty, it has and bustle of the plains. But life It was once a small, lovely lake, a very sacred background, and for the regular staff and · for the now drained to form a pasture-like even today, during the month oi r'

NOVEMBER 1965 11

September, devout Hindus come thing besides the nursery staples of . a short time forgetting her great to pay their homage and to take rice and dal made them even responsibilities and just beine; her­ baths in the Lake. A Fair is held happier. self, a nice young girl. There were during that time which brings two American Fullbright scholars A battery-operated record player thousands of persons from the sur­ who were trying to teach En~lish rounding areas. invited the picnickers to dance. A to some of the Tibetans. They Coleman lantern spread a· ghostly were both very young, working on white light, making the large pine Dal Lake was first sanctified by their Master's Degrees. They had trees look even larger, almost come to India .to do research and to the visit of one of the greatest foreboding. Tiny, centuries-old Hindu Saints, Durvasa Rishi, in the teach in an Indian University. Now stone sanctuaries were silhouetted that their obligations were finished, time of the Ramayana-the most around the rim of the dry Lake ancient epic of India. He selected possessing a three months' exten­ area. It all seemed unreal and sion of their visas to see India, they this place for its beauty and sere­ strange. nity. He meditated here for many· had come to the Nursery for a visit. years. There is still a temple locat­ The Tibetans, happy and carefree, Nancy, the American Quaker had conquered them, so instead of ed on the very place where he sat girl, with her long, blonde hair for his meditations. seeing India they were working loosely flowing in competition with here, in love with the children and · her long Tibetan Chuba (dress) the indescrib'ably beautiful sur­ The night had given the Lake a danced with Bob, a young Ame­ roundings. softness all its own. The picnic rican, to the music of a Polka. They grounds awaited our arrival, as seemed to fly faster and faster over There was Ken, a Canadian, who did our hostess and the other guests. the grass-covered meadows, their had studied some architecture and A large, white cloth had been spread bare feet barely · touching the with the help of the older children, on the soft grass, surrounded by ground. was building outhouses. Lovely, long, narrow strips of colorful sophisticated ·Judy, a teacher from Tibetan rugs made by the nursing Later Lynla, a Tibetan beauty, Canada, a girl from Denmark and staff from the unusable old wool who might be described as an exo­ a girl from Germany made up the garments of the nursery children. tic mixture of Nancy Kwan and international community that is The guests found their way to the Francis Nuyen, taught the others dedicated to helping the Tibetans festive board and made themselves to dance the twist. It was quite a help themselves. Some of them. comfortable. It was all very infor­ sight to see in this isolated place like the Doctor, Nurse and Judy mal. Soft drinks were served while on the top of a mountain in the had been sent by their Govern­ the food was being arranged. The Himalayan highlands, young peo­ ments to aid the children, while food consisted of · brown beans, ple attempting to learn the latest others, like myself, were volunteers. bread, butter, potatoes, salads, western style dances while dressed sardines, and some canned meat. in Tibetan gowns. Even an Ame­ It was a wonderful, happy picnic The latter two items were greeted rican square dance was tried. on one of the oldest sacred spots of with shrieks of delight and ques­ India. I sat dreamily, wondering tions. "Where did you ever get Everybody was having a wonci.er­ sardines? Oh, meat, look, it's real!" ful time. It was a strange mixture if the Holy Men of olden times All of this brought forth much of people who one would think would have interrupted their con­ laughter from young people who never could, and yet had met and templations and smiled wistfully at had taken on great burdens to help were here having a wonderful time. these young people, who seemed to a worthy cause. They were now The twenty-three year old sister perform a strange ritual dance, as enjoying just being themselves, (Principal of the Nursery) of His if to please the gods. in these hal­ young and happy. Eating somt- Holiness, the Dalai Lama, was for lowed surroundings.

• 12 NEWS CI RCLE

A Portable Dhersi that Fits any Porch

(and Sometimes Dresses)

' by Hildreth Schenk

Illustrated by Marion Tiger

MONG the redeeming features bring him to Mrs. Newcomer for eight whole hours of the orientation I received or until his memsahib returned. What a joy! This before proceeding to India was was the day when she wondered why she had waited the information that dhersis were so long to come where such good things were offered. available at a low cost · per day­ Now at last she had her very own porch dhersi, who plus tea. could, with a flick of the needle and two toes, make I found upon arriving that the one over. He could ease out to a twelve the size dhersi is a very valuable, sometimes reliable, and ten dress bought with carefree abandon. (Had she exceedingly personal piece of property, and that not heard from travelers of the wonder workers in many dhersis are booked by the same employer for India?) He could adjust the waistline of that dacron weeks in advance, even months. He's not just the (plenty of material inside) and line the rayon skirt designer and maker of clothes. He is everything that always poked out in the back. To say nothing from repairer of damage made by the Siamese cats of making up that French linen bought on the way to draper of the living room. to post. An'd yes, the new drapes from the not-too­ costly, unbelievably beautiful fabrics of India. So it was that ages ago, when I came here, .the dhersi often belonged to someone who made appoint­ But just for one day? Maybe Mrs. Oldtimer, ments tor him if she could and would share his finding it most interesting in Allahabad, would stay services-one had to be a pretty good friend or some­ longer. The temptation is too much and Akbar one badly in need of repair before this valuable man could come to you. ' Ahmad Singh comes to sit and fit another day. It might be that an unexpected trip to Allahabad Meanwhile his employer returns from Allahabad. by the employer of Akbar Ahmad Singh would She expects to wear the dress that evening to an NOVEMBER 1965 13

...... , ...... • • ••

important function, the same d{ess the dhersi started "Memsahib, this \.Vaist not too high. 'Tik hai'." before she went away. Exit first dhersi. Why doesn't this fellow show up? There is so Enter second dhersi. much ripping to do. Mrs. Newcomer's telephone must be out of order. No way of finding out about "Mr. Singh, tell me what is wrong with this dress." the dhersi-can't leave the house-the man who pro­ "Oh, Memsahib, this waistline too high. Your mised to come on Thursday is coming today to see waistline very long. Nineteen inches I measure." about the closet space in the bedroom. "Yes, Mr. Singh, you fix. " Next morning, a successfully urgent call brings the dhersi to Mrs. Oldtimer from Mrs. Newcomer. The latter comes out of her fantasy of for once getting .everything in order. The dhersi leaves. The waist line is still too high, the hem too long, the French linen partly cut out and her illusions shattered. Now that I have been here long enough to have some know ledge of the ways of dhersis, I can see why an oldtimer is so reluctant to lend her dhersi to a newcomer. For one thing she might never get him back. The dhersis like something new and often prefer a change of porches and a different r:up of tea. But the newcomer really needs a dhersi. Having one takes the place of going out and buying a new hat when· things go wrong. I find I need two dhersis, and often, too. You might like to try my system. It takes the second one to correct the first one's mis­ takes. "!vir. Singh, you have made my waistline too high on this dress. Remember, I measure from shoulder to waist nineteen inches in back." "Memsahib, this waistline good! Any memsahib never measure nineteen inches in back!" "But Mr. Singh, I do!" 14 NEWS CIRCLE

adds, "The Asians, through not as aggressive, are equally frustrated." "It seemed as if Africa bristled with many angry young men", Moraes says. "Like children, they felt afraid to walk alone in the dark, but at the same time they were resentful and suspicious of by Leman Fotos anyone who might try to light their way." The Importance of Being Black "The political freedom that has by Dr. Frank Moraes, Macmillan, Nerv York narrowed the psychological gulf which divided African from Euro­ pean has broadened it between The sub-title of the book, "An the "real" African who is awaken­ Asian and African.", Moraes says. Asian Looks at Africa" gives us ing to .the importance of being After years of oppressive bruta­ the theme: the impact of fast deve­ black, provides the theme of the lity, exploitation and subjection, loping Africa on an Asian who feels book. the New African, Moraes says, "has many affinities to the newly de­ developed an obsession to lord it colonized nations of Africa. The An eminent Indian journalist and over the others from the top . . .. opening remark sets the pace: "'I editor · of the "Indian Express", Love for and questioning of his grant you that some African top Frank Moraes visited Africa, south own culture; simultaneous rejection leaders are capable men' remarked of the Sahara, to observe personally and acceptance of Western culture . .. a white settler at Lusaka in Nor­ this constantly changing continent, This duality and ambivalence where occurred some of the events thern Rhodesia, 'But what's below induced partly by environment and them? Nothing but scum and we all followed with interest, con­ partly by history account for much cern and curiosity as they appear­ scoundrels.' " of the African's unpredictability... ed in the international press: the From a sense of grievance and of "I was to hear the same comment Congo tragedies, South African cruel isolation comes the chauvin­ m different forms in various regions Apartheid, the solid gold bed that ism which characterizes many of Africa. It came not only from a socialist Ghanan minister's wife Africans in their speech and pat­ Europeans but, oddly, from many bought in London and, in gaining terns ·of behavior. . .. " Asians. Oddly, because much of international notoriety, lost her the same comment on Indian poli­ husband his job. Moraes goes on to say, "There is, tical leaders had been heard in however, a strong adventurous British circles in pre-independence He discusses first the general streak in the African's make-up India." changes all over Africa and the which, arising from his compara­ underlying causes and effects. He tively adolescent background and The conflict between the three compares and analyses the three sense of being deliberately retard­ elements of population in Africa different ethnic groups: ed, elevates the demagogue above today, the European settlers, the the democrat. Asian leaders are "The Europeans are bitter, resent­ Asian who also made it h'ome more sophisticated in their political (sometimes generations ago) and ful, frustrated," Moraes says, and approach, their dynamism at times being imbued with a dedicated FOR THE BEST IN BOOKS, VI SIT resolve. African leadership is emotional, obsessive, often explo­ INDIANA BOOK CENTRE sive, and though capable of being 25-A, Khan Market, New Delhi Telephone : 619784 volcanic in energy, is not seldom misdirected, erratic and even pur­ FOR TIME-NEWS WEEK-NEW YORK TIMES-N.Y.H. TRIBUNE poseless." ALL LA TEST BOOKS ON INDIA The comparative problems of SEE BATRA BOOK MAN ALL LATEST AMERICAN MAGAZINES & BOOKS - India and of the new Asian nations AT AMERICAN EMBASSY BASEMENT BOOKS PUBLISHED IN UK stand a good scrutiny: Moraes ON TUESDAY & THURSDAY ART BOOKS ON INDIA says: "By and large, Africans have FARIDKOT HOUSE ON 10% DISCOUNT obtained their independence with MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, FRIDAY Free Home Delivery Service less violence than Asian countries ALL WORKING DAYS and largely in agreement with the NEWS CIRCLE 15 colonizing powers. Their chief be embarrassed by it. He has tle character analyses that the rallying cry today is against neo­ accepted segregation with less charm of the book lies: King Toffa colonialism, which belongs to the resentment than the African, for VII of Dahomey is described as "c. post-independence phase of liberat­ within his own caste and commu­ lively relic of tribal chief . . .. les::. -ed colonies and poses a conflict · nity the Indian lives a fairly full sinister than the old kings ol between the world of the haves and life. True, he resented the Euro­ Abomey, he is, none-the-less, a have-nots. Africa, moreover, is not pean's attitude of social superiority tyrant in his own small way, and afflicted by the appalling population but curiously his own attitude to received us in his tin-roofed hut problem which weighs on many the average African was not very seated on a gaudy wooden throne Asian countries. . . . When techni­ different from that of the Euro­ flanked by two wooden lions, fes­ cal training and capital become pean. And the African was acutely tooned with what looked like generally available, the per capita aware of it." charms. Some dilapidated chairs income may increase at a faster and a few decrepit side tables com­ rate than in India. . . . Africa's His analyses of all these groups pleted the furniture of the room. main economic problems are too are full of sympathy and under­ often dependent on a single crop in standing: "Both Europe and Asia "The king was dressed in a white a single area, which puts thP local are afflicted by a guilt complex­ robe and wore a four-cornered economy at the mercy of world raw Europe as the main exploiter and white cap. On his feet were the material price fluctuations. For the Asia as its abettor-and Africa, most incredibly vivid yellow and most part, Africa is devoid of those uncertain of its own place, tends to red slippers. He carried a walking apparently insoluble problems that draw attention to itself by alter­ stick and seemed slightly inebriat­ make countries like India an _eco­ nately brawling like a neglected ed. He was stocky and amiable with a glinting twinkle in his eyes nomic nightmare." infant or, in its adult moments, treading deliberately on other peo­ which reminded me of the eyes of With the reversal of racial discri­ ple's toes, or more aggressively, a rogue elephant. He looked a most mination, the position of :the Asian punching the nearest nose within engaging rascal. Where did I come has become a problem. Not the reach." from, he inquired, and on being Europeans but the Asians will be told, registered a look of astonish­ the first economic casualties of the In each chapter Moraes first gives ment and pleasure, and his eyes campaign in the importance of the general outlines, describes almost popping out of his head being black. For, says Moraes "big some of the important characters while at the same time he emitted Asian-owned commercial establish·· on the scene with sharp, revealing what sounded to my untutored ear~ ments and industries are few and strokes of the pen and narrates the like a strangled scream; a cros~ far between, and the Indian serv­ conversations that further illu· between a squeal and a squeak. It ing as a bank assistant, a store minate the underlying features. ThE: was evident that the king knew salesman or a government clerk rich bibliography of Indian publi­ little or nothing about India, for signifies to the African a competi­ cations on Africa attests ,to his well­ later, on being informed where an tor who can now be easily dislodged documented statements and refer­ American colleague came from, he and replaced. The European's eco­ ences, but, it is, I think, in thesE: nomic presence operates institu­ descriptions, impressions and sub (Cot1ti1111ed 011 page 16) tionally through large corporations such as shipping units, insurance companies and banks." The Asian, especially the Hindu Indian, has not tried to mix with the "real African" so far, for Moraes says, "particularly with his caste and community consciousness he found it comparatively easy to accept the compartmental way ot life common to the African and not

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We follow your s11ecifications, matchin& your present furniture in seasoned BOOKMARKER Teak woot. We undertake upholstery jobs and are dealers for Dunloplllo (Co11tim1ed from page 15) KUMAR FURNISHERS went through the same panto­ 878 East Park Road, Karol Bagh , New Delhi Phone : 52849 mime." NOW IS THE TIME TO GET YOUR DRAPERIES, CARPETS, SOFA COVERS , Moraes says, "Tom" (Mboya ot BLANKETS & EIDERDOWNS, WON DE RFU LL Y D RY CLEANED AT Kenya) "can be didactic in man­ ner and, like most African leaders, PAULSONS has the makings of a dictator, but "16 G, Connaught Circus, NEW DELHI Phone : 46189 it is interesting to listen to him on occasions when he is inclined to talk seriously. He has a taste for the sybaritic and a liking for the Collection of h lgh~st qualit4. colour and taste. fleshpots of good living. As a talker THE ORIGINAL CHILDREN'S SHOP and thinker, he conveys a curiously for the besr in Ploy wear. School wear, Parf.y wear ond Baby wea r. mixed impression of flamboyance and brilliance. He seems to be 40-B, Khan Market, New Delhi-I I. always aware of himself and is PRECIOUS & SEMI-PRECIOUS JEWELLERY susceptible to flattery, but he made SH4l\l\.S .STOl.fS GIFTS • IVORY • BRASS WARE• SILVER some clever points, especially on the Silent Amha11adors of the World of Orient Splendour economic themes." SHVICE)

"Markham . . . was among the 6-A , CON~~UGHT PLACE, NEW DElH I I NEELKANTH white settlers I met. He struck me 4-N, Connaught Circus (Janpath), New Delhi. Phone : 6 8 1 7 4 as a trifle over-assertive and impul­ sive, inclined to be swayed easily, perhaps because of an inner un· OPTOMETRISTS certainty and conflict." YaUJt ence 3 (Y:ic/e~ .9fevaf'e !fid. From time to time, as the beauty ) 'O, ~yial-h, Jf{;,.,, !Jkom: · ?)"JJ.5 and not only the problems of the African scene fills him with creative "The Importance of Being Black" writing, Mr. Moraes reaches poetic At times his sentences, which abounds with political wisdom that heights, as in this scene from South­ run over several lines trailing springs not from pedantic theories ern Rhodesia:· "Driving before innumerable clauses joined by but common sense. Who can dis­ dawn from Livingstone to Bula­ little commas make one think the agree with the author on such wayo we saw the moon, a huge author has too much to say and can­ simple, evident conclusions as the glowing orb, dipping like an in­ not afford to phase and weigh his following: "Africa must evolve an candescent captive balloon behind statements. But his style is clear, economic and political pattern suit­ dark clouds, and shortly after, the cohesive, rich and. very idiomatic. ed to her environment, and enrich­ sun rose, golden red, behind the The whole book is infused with ed by the example and experience hills. The skies were angry with witty and gentle humor that makes of other civilizations. Being the a blaze of vermillion. A double the impressions even personal. last arrival, she can benefit from rainbow streaked green, red and Sometimes his writing reaches ~re::>t. the mistakes of others." yellow, glimmered and glowed heights in its verbal restraint as beneath white spumes of foam at well as expressiveness, as in: "Not "Simple solutions often call for Danger Point, and the waters of the all norms common to Europe and complex measures, but it must be Zambezi roared as they cascaded Asia apply to Africa, which pur­ recognized that an African problem down the rocks, irridescent in the poseful in mind, is often wilful and is best worked out by Africans in sunlight." wayward in method." their own independent states, either

Khadi Gramodyog Bhavan ALSO AT : SHOPPING CENTRE * Pashmina Raw Silk and Khadi HAND-SPUN HAND-WOVEN FABRICS * Dress Materials in Cotton Too Wool, Latest Fashion for Suitings * Fine Silk Varieties for All purposes for Adults and Children ASHOU HOTEL (PRIVATE} LIMITED Abstract pri11ts in Cotton 1111d Silken Varieties 24, Regal Building, Connaught Circus, New Delhi Telephone : 703u/363 New Delhi Telephone : 44231/2 lines NOVEMBER 1965 17 ' separately or jointly", Moraes says. industrialization in the cities and Use our Today around 35 independent towns between the two wars and states exist in Africa, compared after has led to a migration from Almond Benzoin Glycerin with three-Ethiopia, Liberia and the bush to the developing urban Egypt before the War II (Mr. centers which has affected not only HAND LOTION Moraes does not think the Union the economic but the social and For Chapped Face and Hands of South Africa rates as an inde­ political values of the African who, pendent, African ruled state.). He uprooted from his tribal moorings & diagnoses the trouble of Africa and exposed to a new way of life, BLISS COTTON succinctly: "Having achieved inde­ thought and civilization, finds him­ Dispensing & Family. pendence, Africa's independent self embarked on a voyage of re­ Chemist countries find themselves in a fer­ discovery which concerns not only ment of revolution generated by his individual self but his people 12-F Connaught Place. New Delhi frustration and discord." and country." Phone : 42170

Moraes' conclusions sound not As to the African's relation vis-a­ only very logical but also applicable vis the East-West policies, Mr. BUY to other troubled parts of the world Moraes explains, "Most Africans - South America ·and the Middle are philosophers and fundamental­ GOODJ'iE4R East to a limited extent: He says, ists, curious to see problems not as "The pressures, political, economic mere solutions but to prope the TYRES and military seem likely to hasten underlying · principles beneath them." the African trend to turn away For Line Voltage Correctors, GE Bulbs, from free democracy and resort Unlike the American Negro poet, Transformers, and all your rcquirem.,nts increasingly to so-called 'African Claud McKay, who says: Contact : Solutions'... Reduced to simple economic authoritarianism, mass "Something; in me is lost, forever ELEKTRONS and individual indiscipline and a lost, I6-B, Khan Market, New Delhi-I I general descent into tyranny. The Some vital thing has gone out of Phone . 6 I 9 2 J 2 major menace facing Africa, as the my heart, chain of coups, successful and un­ And I must walk the way of life FOR P R EC I 0 U S & successful, the insistent pressures a ghost SEMI-PRECIOUS JEWELLERY from organised groups like the Among the sons of earth, a thing armed forces and the trade unions, apart. and increasingly militant racialism For I was born, far from my Girdhari Lal's demonstrate, is the comparative native clime, JEWELLERS ease with which a handful of deter­ Under the white man's menace, N-9, Connaught Circu1, mined fanatics can overthrow a out of time.'' NEW DELHI government or dislocate the social and political order. Such a process, the Black African has found him­ (Member: Delhi Jewellers .Ass'n.) unless the African is prepared to self, his voice, not only his rights abide by and uphold certain stand­ but also privileges that come from L•tHt Model Available' on HIRE ards of public conduct, can only a sense of "togetherness". But it AIR CONDITIONERS end in disruption and disaster." is the African-born non-black in­ habitants who-whether they feel & REFRIGERATORS These thirty-five states that "the it deeply enough to create poetry Specialist in Repair Work on post-war fever for independence out of their anguish or not-feel the all TYPES OF·SEALED UNITS catapulted" into existence have in sense of being born "far from their Call- 618721 native climes and out of time." some cases leaped culturally from the Stone Age into the Twentieth MODERN AIR CONDITIONING CO Century in a matter of three gener­ 34, Sundar Nagar Market, ations. Moraes says, "Growing NEW DELHl-11

64, JANPATH, NEW DELHI RARE COLLECTION OF also at MODERN & ANTIQUE Jagat Narain & Sons ASHOKA HOTEL JEWELLERY JEWELLERS (Near Swimming Pool) 18 NEWS CIRCLE

55 Day.s till Christmas

by Gloria Bailey

It's that time again. If you are Bleeding ·Madras continues in attractive sari can be bought for one of the respectably large group fashion. Men's shirts sell for as as little as twelve rupees. This that has not managed to send off a little as twelve rupees at Handloom economical type is called chihnala­ shipment by sea in September, you House. Sabina's carries some patti and is a washable blend of may be interested now in ideas for womens' slacks sets in Madras for silk and rayon. If you're going to presents that don't weigh much at about forty rupees. Most Madras provide the complete ensemble, you all. Cloth is probably the lightest in Delhi comes in yardage. It is should also include a choli (blouse) present you can send_:_and how very in for children's clothes. Head­ and long petticoat. Although you many things come in this category! kerchiefs and headbands make little will have to have the blouse made, Raw silk seems to be the most gifts for a teen-ager. you can buy the slips ready-made for about five rupees at Hira Lal coveted fabric here. If your special Mirrorwork is another interest­ someone likes to sew or has a good Bros., in front of Cottage Industry. ing Indian fabric but a little goes a The saris can be found at Hand­ little dressmaker, just pick out her long way. Cushion covers can be · favorite color and send off four loom House, and they also will give a wonderful and small dose of this you a pamphlet showing you how yards. This will be more than craft. One place to buy these is enough for a dress plus jacket and to drape them. While on the subject Punjab Refugee Handicrafts. Skirt of saris, Barbie dolls can look will cost about sixty rupees. Ready­ and dress pieces are for sale at the made gifts in raw silk include ties, exotic, too. The ladies of Union Khadi Bhavan. The skirt piece Church have made an authentic bathrobes, smoking jac~ets , ladies' alone is enough to make an attrac­ sari outfit for Barbie for ten rupees. slacks, stole and purse· sets and 1.· tive shift for about fifteen rupees. Also for sale are charpois (beds) cushion covers. If you have a Christmas stockings and tablecloth:;; dhersi, you could have him make and lounge chair and table. Con­ are to be found oeriodicallv at the tact Mrs. Maynard Cook for yours. up cushion covers, or cummerbund Go-down. and bow tie sets for men. The Punjabi outfits for children are latter would be beautiflll in that Costume possibilities abound in available at Cottage Industries for deep red shade. India, as you well know. A very about eighteen rupees. For Mem- Kashinir Government Arts Emporium PRODUCTS OF 5-Prithviraj Road; New Delhi 25-B, Connaught Place, New Delhi Phone: 611096 Phone : 4 3 3 8 1 INDIA

CATERS FOR YOUR REQUIREMENTS IN ARTICLES RARE COLLECTION 01' OF PRESENTATION, DECORATIONS AND UTILITY A PRECIOUS POSSESSION FROM INDIA IVORY SELECT FROM A WIDE RANGE OF HAND MADE SUPERFINE QUALITY WOOLEN CARPETS. YOU SAVE WHEN YOU BUY DIRECT FROM ASHOKA HOTEL SAT TRADING COMPANY JANPATH HOTEL EXPORTERS D-113, DEFENCE COLONY, NEW DELHI-~. Telephone : 70311/169 NOVEMBER 1965 19 sahib, Khadi Bhavan has a set, too. The pants are already made, and the shirt is ready to be stitched to KUMAR GALLERY measure by your dhersi. The ones CONTEMPORARY INDIAN PAINTERS I saw were shocking pink with II Sundar Nagar Market Branch : Ashoka Hotel black applique work . . New Delhi Tel: 618875 New Delhi Tel: 70311 Ext. 252 Those beautiful ten yard Rajas­ thani skirts could make an interest­ ing evening skirt. Ready-made at about thirty rupees. For a little girl, there is a complete outfit for about twenty-five rupees, and it 0·114 DEFENCE COLONY, NEW DELHl-3

includes a skirt with money purse, tlesi1n•n &: manufacturers of decorative (ur,isbin11 blouse and dupata (scarf). The CONTACT: MRS. PUSHPA TALWAR PHONE: 7U81 Rajasthan Emporium will make up a skirt and blouse very reasonably­ just pick out the fabrics. Tht finell 4utlity GOLDEN ENAMEL JEWELLERY There are a riotous amount of • Mu:hal Paintin:s Indian linens for tables or bed­ I-' A BOUTIQUE •jade rooms, too. Place mats are in • Precious Stones 20, Sunder Na1ar Market, New Delhi. Phone : 6190" abundance, ranging from hemp or • Wood Carvin:s straw in many colors and· for the PICTURE FRAMING JEWELLERY REPAl~ING • Bronzes price of one or two rupees, up to elegant raw silk creations, with a a rich, pr.imitive, truly Indian style to be set in the States would be a set of four mats and napkins, cost­ and are easily folded into an nice gift. ing about forty rupees. One popular envelope. Prices will range from Stocking Gifts style has a brightly colored ele­ twenty-five to one hundred and phant on an equally gaudy back­ fifty rupees. Beautiful Batiks are Sandalwood from Mysore comes ground. These are available for available at Dhoomimal"s and at the ~ neat little boxes. Soap, a fan, four rupees and sell for $ 3.98 at Kumar Gallery in Sundar Nagar. bookmarkers, incense sticks and home. (1 saw them advertised in Jewelry is another potential tiny carved pieces are all exotic Vogue). They would make nice touches for the Christmas box. I wall hangings for childrens' rooms. bonanza for gift ideas-with goodies saw for one rupee a tiny sandal­ Speaking of wall hangings, in the available to cover Memsahib from head to toe. Bangles, baubles, and wood box, inside of which was a red bedspread department of · Cottage bean with a dozen minute ivory ele­ Industries, there are some for bright shining beads are easy to phants. The essence of India for eighteen rupees that are absolutely find for every lady of the family one rupee. enormous-big, bold Indian prints from two months to eighty years. copied from temple hangings. There are gorgeous silver collars Another traditional craft, this Colors are black and white or the and chokers raqging in price from time from Kashmir, is the papier rich reds and blues of natural dyes. five to fifteen rupees. They can· be mache work. Boxes, coasters and The bedspreads are also very good dipped in gold at a jeweler's if you finger bowls are all possibilities. for dresses, tablecloths and curtains don't care for silver. Beggar's From the door-to-door wallahs but I don't guess you will be send­ beads are always popular-these come several ideas. Nested boxes, ing home curtains for Christmas. are the long necklaces made from four to a set, sell for approximately ' ten rupees. There is a musical in­ A Batik painting could make a real stones. strument that looks like a pint handsome present. These are painted The smoky topaz is one of India's sized banjo for about two rupees. I on cloth and then dyed many times loveliest stones and quite inexpen­ to bring out the design. They have sive. A ring or simply a cut stone (Continued on page 23)

BBARANY'S Phone : 6t8528 for antiques and jewellery 14, Sunder Nagar Market NEW DELHI - 11 Great Eastern Hotel, Calcutta Spences Hotel, Calcutta Inside Grand Hotl'll, Calcutta • 20 NEWS CIRCLE

,, ehmHhm'' a'°'tain ::?~:~::::eneeamount of gamesmanship in this-you like to show you know the taag, so you gasp happily when it is announced) and the Tal is given (now here may be your best chance to grasp something of what is going on) . Let's return for a moment to that platform of musicians. Basically there will be: 1) a leading melodic instrument, 2) a leading percussive instru­ ment, and 3) background instruments, consisting of a) drones, and/ or b) echoes. The main solo instruments are the voice, the veena, the sitar, the sarod, the violin, the shehnai, and the flute. Occasionally a solo performance will furnishings be given by a percussive instrument. The voice is used just as any other instrument. for _ Sometimes there is no text at all, and in most pieces there are flights of sa-re-ga (do-re-mi to you). The brighter Indian scale is almost exactly like ours in intervals, living and the syllables are called Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Nee Sa; when these syllables are used in musical improvisations, they receive the same name regard­ less of whether each is pure (shudh), sharp (teevr), DCM or flat (Komal). These sequences can be done with for the finest value in textiles JWT/ DCM-3666 C extraordinary rapidity; we have nothing quite up to THE DllHI CLOTH I< GENERAL MILLS CO. LTD., DELHI it, not even in Gilbert and Sullivan patter songs. Singing is the most difficult feature of Indian music "0 ff" Broadway for the Westerner to appreciate. The technique and STOP THE WORLD, production are so different from ours that at first I WANT TO GET OFF - some sounds strike us as positively unpleasant, and and see some real handicrafts .it takes a · great deal of time and listening to find the aspects that are enjoyable. In Western classical singing we expect the artist to get cleanly and squarely onto a note at the first try, no swoops, no quavers. Ah, but to an Indian singer, especially in slow passages, a plain note is like an egg without salt. He prefers to swoop down gracefully upon a note from a microtone above, or perhaps to slide up to it. He may then hold it or vibrate it. And he may get off cleanly or leave with an upward or downward hook. If any of you are singers, you'll tind it quite a challenge to do these. If you are going to be here long enough, you may be surprised to find that after a number of "crushes" on either instruments along the way, you end up by preferring singing. The veena, sitar, and sarod are all plucked string instruments. The veena sits on two gourds, resonat­ ing chambers, with the strings stretched along a wooden neck that runs between. The string is w .... plucked with the right hand, and the left hand slides UJ (/) ? (<) /;r···0 ~ (Co11t il111 ed 011 page 21) · ~.y" ~° COTTAGE INDUSTRIES oN JANPATH NEw DELHI 0 6 _...,,111111\\\\\\\\~ 11 ~\\\\\\\\1111 ., .../ SHB•/C I -44 21 NOVEM BER 1965 along the string with a little stone-like affair, pro­ - ducing all sorts of variations in the. tone-very <:.on your way to LONDON; et no extra fare! See Moscow oriental sounding, like shimmering, far-off fantasy, .Stop-· \ ... bewitching city of music, and very lovely. The sitar has one big gourd at the ( art and ballet ... magnificent bottom, from which the strings are stretched up over at Russian architecture along the neck, the whole instrument being about , •.. the Kremlin, Red Square, four feet long. A smaller gourd at the top is optional. a 'different' capital. There are two layers of strings; the upper layer of MOSCOW ..- . Via Moscow is the quickest way seven does most of the work, while the eleven below to London from Del hi I are resonators. The string is plucked at the junction BOMBAY -DELH' of neck and gourd by the right hand (a pick is MOSCOW-LONDON worn over the index finger), while the left hand establishes the pitch sequences by sliding along the twice a week string or pulling the string out of line to produce noticeable changes in the note. A sitar player's left fingertips are unmistakably grooved. The sitar is capable of a vast range of nuances at slow speed, and exciting complexity in fast speed. Somewhat similar in technique but heavier and richer in sound is the sarod, which instead of a gourd resonator uses metal faced by white leather. Badly played, both sitar and sarod are reminscent of Banjoes. At their best, they send out pulsing waves of sound that completely engulf the listener. The violin, widely used in South Indian music, is tuned differently from our way and is held with the chin rest nestling against the torso. The bow bounces and scrapes quite hoarsely, rather frequently. IN ASSOCIATION. WITH Flutes are usually wooden and come in various ii s . o.A.~. AND Q·ANT.\S, sizes; an artist may bring several to a performance. Perhaps to most of us, the flute most readily spells India, for we . have heard it often as background has no justifiable place in classical music, and some music to films. Two other wind instruments are the time ago All India Radio banned its use on their clarionet (we call it the clarinet) and the Nada­ programs. The tanpura looks like an incomplete swaram , a long, excitingly strident horn; both of sitar, having only four strings; these are tuned and these may be heard playing solos in South Indian then strummed incessantly in steady sequence, pro­ music. viding a drone background. It is quite a sight to see a singer draped arow:id this big gourd instrument. Some melodic instruments are used mainly for accompaniment. The sarangi is a fairly short, com­ Incidentally, a singer (and occasionally some plicated, many stringed affair, very difficult to play, instrumentalists, most notably the shehnai) will and capable of producing a sound remarkably like sometimes have an assistant who stands in for a 'few the human voice, singing soulfully or wailing plain­ bars until the soloist wants to come in again. This tively. It occasionally solos, · but is particularly may seem a little like cheating at first, but it does popular as accompaniment. The sarangist echoes the keep the concert-goer on his toes to find out who is leading musician's phrases and helps keep the pace makirur the sound at a given moment. :going. When accompanying a percussive or dance There are several percussive instruments, the soloi,_st, he has the important function of keeping the primary accompanists in a performance. Usually you rhythm constant; he does this by playing over and will see the paired set of drums called the tabla over in fixed rhythm a melodic phrase consisting of (say "tubLAH"). Or you may see instead a an agreed number of notes; the soloist, if he needs pakhawaj, a bi.e;, long drum with a raw chapatti help, recognizes from the note he hears just where stuck on the left hand end to bring the tone down he is in the time sequence (see below, when we dis­ to a magnificent, deep resonance. The pakhawaj cuss Tal). The harmonium, a small organ pumped is also called a Mridang, which is a general word by one hand and played by the other, serves the for drum, and is related to the South Indian same function and is very popular because it is so Mridangam, which looks very much like it but has much easier to play and need not be tuned, but some purists feel that it is a cheap modern contrivance that (Cont i1111ed 011 page 22) 22 NEWS CI RCLE

( Co11ti1111ed from page 2 I) demonstration than by verbal description. In fact, when the latter is attempted, speech becomes overly no chapatti and hence no booming tone. These are picturesque and fanciful, philosophical and meta­ all used for classical music, and so are a cut above physical, and the hapless student finds himself side­ the Dholak, a simple drum which you will see around tracked in a poetic dither, hopelessly astray. Someday at popular music fests. By the way, in South Indian I may regret doing this, but here comes my attempt groups you will sometimes see one man thumping to give a clue to the situation. on what looks exactly like a round clay pot held tightly against his chest. It is a pot. It's called a A Raag is first of all a sort of scale, a rising and Ghatam and provides a very pleasant complement descending sequence of notes (swaras), usually to the mridangam. Wherever you go in India, you'll numbering five to seven. Notes of the descending find new kinds of • drums-they're a field in scale may differ i;omewhat: an extra note, or ·a themselves. sharped note, for instance, although the ascent is in strict sequence, the descent may retrace a step or There are a number of less frequently heard two on the way. This gives a clue to the individual instruments which we will skip over, but it might quality, because each raag has an emphasis note, and be fun to mention the jal tarang. That's a collection sometimes an emphasis pairing or pattern of notes, of water-filled bowls of different pitches-the eastern which will be returned to time and again. Two raags version of musical glasses. Its tinkling sequences may have identical notes but different emphasis are quite delightful, like Chinese wind chimes. . notes, different patterns of descending scales. So we Now you know the names of the most common see there is a certain melodic inter-relationship, not instruments, and you should be able to recogniz~ really a tune, but a sort of family of notes, with them, with a little help. This should bolster your leading and subsidiary members functioning in confidence at performances. special inter-relationships. Let's get back to the music itself. The heart and In other words, the basic notes-and according to soul of Indian music is the Raag, but this is the strict Raag theory no other notes may be used- are hardest thing in the world to find out about. Its like the strokes of a picture, the total picture being character and dynamic nature have always been illustrated and explained better by practical (Co11ti1111ed 011 page 23)

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SHOPPING For Antique M11g/111l Jerv ellcry ARTISTIC CHEMOULD FRAMING (Continued from page 19) Kherati Lall & . Sons JEWELLERS AND ART DEALERS hesitate to quote prices here as a ROYAL STUDIO 80, JANPATH, NEW DELHI 23-B, Connaught Place, New Delhi lot depends on your bargaining · Precious Stones and Star Sapphires powers. Also on Display FREE HOME DELIVERY ; famous Royal Jewel Throne There is also a miscellaneous Phone No. 4 4 6 9 7 assortment that I haven't managed For All Your Travel requirements please contact : to classify. Doodle bracelets for executives, made of beads and wire that can be turned into many Oriental Travels Pvt. Ltd. shapes, from Christmas tree balls to l.A.T.A. Approved Agents (AHoc9ates all over the wotld) -anyhow, a lot of different ways. Ma:rina Hotel, Con. Circus, N- Delhi. Phones: '48744. 44654, 42201 /50 (6 lines) Sweeper brooms to go by thP FOR QUALITY OLD MUGHAL fireplace. PERIOD JEWELLERY Before furnishing your house pay a visit to Sandals or chappals (House and LATEST CREATIONS IN ART • JEWELLERY Garden had some adverti~ed for Kanjimul/ & Sons Kailas Carpet Co. $ 12.95). SCINDIA HOUSE, NEW DELHI 11-F Connaught Place, New Delhi Tika make-up kits ... these consL:;t Phone: -42073 For CHOICEST CARPETS of a little box filled with metal For patterns to make on your forehead. Crockery, Cutlery, Glassware, E.P.N.S. Indian Art Corners Also included in the price of two Ware, Household Electrical Appliances Al ways Re membe r rupees are some little packets of JEWELLERS Selection Crockery House Manufacturers and Exporters of Brass colored powder with which to inake 14-A, Khan Market, New Delhi-I I and Copper Wares the dot. I saw tD.ese outside the Telephone: 619322 Precious and Semi-precious Gems (Crockery On Hire A Speciality) Red Fort. 30, Sunder Nagar Market, New De!hi 619165

INDIAN MUSIC Some forms of music, notably alap, which you will hear invariably in instrumental concerts and usually (Continued from page 22) in vocal, do not use any percussive or other accom­ paniment. For this piece of music the artist per­ far more than the sum of these strokes. It is a forms alone, freed from the dictates of time. The dynamic entity with a character or spirit of its own, scope and spirit of the notes are explored, delinea­ with its own special emotional impact. Thus, there ted, and exploited. This tends to be rather sleep­ are lively raags and gloomy ones, raags to put you inducing to the foreigner and to any casual listener, to sleep, to make you gay or peaceful, erotically or in fact, and the evening livens up a bit when the spiritually inclined-raags appropriate to one of the percussion begins to help the instrumentalist out. nine basic emotions as described in ancient writings. So let us pass on to a discussion of Tal. As we There is also a conventional time theory of Raags, 1 confining the playing of each one to its appropriate have said, this is the timing, based on a fixed number time of day, morning or evening (which suggests of beats. You count up to the proper number, which one reason why artists like to play far into the wee, has been announced, and . then start all over again, giving "one" a special thump, because "one"' is a small hours: they then get to play both kinds). very important reference point, and has a name all Within this context, then, the artist, to the best of its own: Sum. At the beginning of a piece this his technical skill and interpretive capacity, creates counting usually proceeds very slowly (speed: a composition not only to the notes but, more impor­ "vilambit"), with lots of space in between sub-beats, tant, to the spirit of the Raag, a composition capable but later the pace doubles ("madhya") and even of, and conducive to enhancing his own and his listeners' understanding of it. (Continued 011 page 27)

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Somehow for most Americans, that you make it a point to try Head Cheese November means Thanksgiving, something new once in a while. When you buy your pork roast, and Thanksgiving means turkey Buy something different. In the tell the butcher to cut off the skin and fixings, and anticipations of cooler weather, with Hies and spoil­ and fat for you and to give them these dominate the month, even ing less of a problem, you may be to you with the bone. In fact, get though their actual appearar. ~e is a little braver about your shopping as much skin as possible. Go home not due until the last week. In the ventures. Nirula's shop in Con­ and cook it: boil it with salt, and meantime, however, there is a great naught Place makes a long, deli­ an unpeeled onion and carrot. The deal of everyday living that must cious, ham-garlic sausage that's a cheese will be much better if you go on until the great holiday splendid substitute for bologna. cook a piece of meat with it too, finally arrives. The Steakhouse in J or Bagh is re­ but you can make it with only No time of year is easier tor menu ported to produce excellent saus­ the skin. ages and a very tasty liver pate planning. The market generously When it is all soft, remove the The Oriental Fruit Market has offers a rich variety of vegetables bone. Then take out the skin and Camembert cheese. Incidentally, in good condition. True, the celery cut it into strips or squares, along Amul Products have developed an may look spindly and limp, and with the cut up meat, if you have excellent mild white processed conservatives will prefer not to eat used any. Return to broth. Cook cheese, packed in foil-wrapped it raw, but all may enjoy it when separately whatever else you want: individual portions; this cheese, it has been well scrubbed, steamed' onions, carrots, chopped beans, etc., which needs refrigeration and for about five minutes, and chilled and add them to the mixture. Pour hence is different from their regular for a few hours. You can then cut it into a mold and chill. The long canned cheese, is as yet hard to get it up and use it in salads, as you boiling will have released the gela­ but well worth looking and waiting might use canned bamboo shoots tine and the broth will set firmly. for. Behind Sapru House, down or hearts of palm. This month you Unmold, cut into slices, and serve Tansen Marg beyond Triveni Kala can also count on cauliftower, car­ with onion salad and dark bread. rots, cabbage, spinach, green Sangam, lies the Bengali Market. Well, now that we have tried to peppers, peas, good beans, beets, Bengali sweets are as luscious as dispose of monotony in the family's egg-plant, okra, cucumbers, radish­ any concoction you could ever fare, let's think a moment of your es, white turnips, tomatoes, tanger­ sample, and you will find here more guests. Most people entertain a ines, grapefruit, pineapples, lemons, than one store offering a toothsome, freshly made assortment of these. good deal in this season. It is a some apples, bananas, pomegra­ perfectly good plan to have a few nates, chicus, and guavas. No need Would you like to cook something standard company dinners, and as for monotony there! different? How many of you have long as you are offering an interest­ Yet somehow monotony does ever made Head Cheese? It sound~ ing, well-prepared menu nobody nften creep in. To avoid it, be sure easy in Dagmar Celeste's recipe. minds having it every time he visits

THE BEST IN PORK & COLD STORES SOVEREIGN STORES CATCH ALL THE GOODIES 15 SUNDAR NAGAR MARKET MOi:T FARM PRODUCTS Call 619339 for door delivery 13 /8, Jorbagh Mkt. CHICKEN PORK FISH COFFEE FRESHLY GROUND -­ 28-A, Defence Colo1).y Market Phone : 755II Tele . 6noo8 DAIRY & PORK P.RODUCTS 41 M, Greater Kailash W.arket NOVEMBER 1965 25 you. But think for a moment: do It's by no means an exhaustive one, PUFFED WHEAT : PEANUT BUTTER you do true justice to your vegeta­ and will probably lead you to think SOFT DRINK POWDERS rian guests? Do you turn this part of many more yourself. all made by American Experts of the meal over to your cook, who By far the best ens in Delhi COCA-COLA, KWALITY ICE CREAMS stews up some turmeric-tinted VEGETARIAN DISHES MITTAL STORES & DAIRIES potato pieces and adds fried cheese Stuffed vegetables : 12, Sunder Nagar Market Phone : 618588 to curried peas? Watch vegetarians Tomatoes, green peppers (parboil at a buffet dinner: how hopefully first) white pumpkin (lokee, mar­ THE ORIENTAL FRUITS MART they approach the table, how dole­ row, whatever you call it) practi­ fully 23 E Connaught Place, New Delhi and with what scantily laden cally anything you can hollow out. plates do they leave! See how they ( Opp. Rly : Bookinir Office) These may be filled with mixtures HIGH CLASS FRESH FRUITS &. NUT6 have pounced on the puris and PROVISION MERCHANTS of rice, onions, salt, corn, seasoned chapatties. Can it be that that is FREE DELIVERY Phone : 48924 all they could eat? Remember crumbs, etc., baked and served with what we said in September about or without sauce. serving poor Indian food to Indian Stuffed pancakes : SOVEREIGN DAIRIES guests? Don't do it! Better far to 8, Khan Market, New Delhi See below for recipe. serve good western food, and you Phone : 618513 will find that you really know a Baked vegetable casseroles for ,General Stores and Dairy Products surpris~ng number of good western Cheese dishes: vegetarian dishes. Cheese cutlets (slices dipped in an Remember that there are all sorts eggless batter and fried. Vary with "Pig Po" prior dustings of nutmeg or cumin. of non-meat eaters. It is true that FRESH PORK, HAM, BACON, some will take fish and even poul­ Cheese sauce on vegetables. SAUSAGES ETC: try. Bengalis are likely to fall into In cheese dishes, do not use too AND POULTRY PRODUCTS this category. South Indians are strong a cheese. 9, Jorbagh Market Tel. : 6II723 more likely to take no·fiesh foods at all. There's a large belt of con­ servatism in Rajasthan, too. If you suspr.ct that you have invited a vegetarian to dinner (and remem­ ber, you can always ask a guest his diet in advance, and win his grati­ tude for your thoughtfulness), plan on the basis that he is a complete vegetarian, even a non-eater of eggs. There is a movement afoot to persuade non-eggetarians to eat unfertilized (vegetarian!) eggs, but it has not gained much headway yet. So in your calculations don't risk serving items that may not pass this criterion. One further word of caution: certain people have strong feelings against onions and garlic, as, well as against the strong­ smelling vegetables. While our own experience has been that most people who circulate in foreign society are not usually quite this conservative, it is wise to check your total menu for sufficient variety to take care of this r.nn­ tingency, too. Let's make a list of the general types of dishes you can prepare "I know what the Post Report says but nil the gold h :>m Jocally available products. paved areas have been taken . .." 26 NEWS CIRCLE they are arranged in the serving Pasta dishes: THE DISCRIMINATING PEOPLE dish. Spaghetti with meatless sauce. OF THE TOWN TODAY Canned mush-rooms are the most How's that for a start? you will TALK OF LAFFANS ... WHY- ? obvious meat substitute, but canned find that the hors d'oeuvres do not Comfort is tailored into chopped ripe olives or the local present much of a problem, what every in ch of LAFFANS suits . .. root vegetable jimmikund, finely with the availability of nuts and AT diced or sliced, and sauteed with goodies to be fried. One smart girl onion, makes a throughly acceptable we know breaks a coconut, pours LAFFAN'S INDIA PVT.. LTD. base. the milk into a serving dish, and PIONEER JN MEN'S TAILORING places in the milk the cut up bits Macaroni and cheese; Lasagne Opp. Scindia House, and pieces of coconut meat. Quick, (see September column). N - II, Connaught Circus, N ew Dcllu. easy, and a nice charni;e from other Unusual vegetables : Phone : 4 4044 nuts. Artichokes - may be bought DALGATE, SRINAGAR, KASHMIR locally or ordered by air in large And now, what about ThanKs­ G. M. BUTT & SONS quantities from : giving? If it will not be Thanks­ OFFICE RESIDENCE HOUSEBOATS giving without a turkey,. cheer up! Phones: 2175 2175 extn. 2325 V.P. Mamilos Manufacturers of : St. Mary's Fruit Stall There's a good chance that you can get one, but you inust order in Embroideries, Shawls etc: 40 Russell Market Reservation of Clermont Houseboats Bangalore-1. advance, and the supply ~s limited. When the American Embassy Com- . Here is another recipe from missary started bringing in frozen VIJAYA BROS. Dagmar Celeste : turkeys a few years ago, the local CAPITAL'S LEADING CENTRE FOR READYMADE GARMENTS STUFFED PANCAKES turkey growing industry suffered a setback. Turkey is definitely a rich UNIFORMS FOR SERVANTS Pancakes: 12, Shanker Market Connaught Place, Mix water, salt, and flour to make man"s food, even for those who New Delhi-I grow their own. If you feel in the a thin batter the consistency of BEST IN KITCHEN WARES mood for substitution, you may crepes suzette batter. Add pepper PINDI CROCKERY HOUSE to taste, and grated cheese if you choose chickens, goose, or even think your guests like cheese. roast suckling pig. Don't despair if PINDI METAL HOUSE you have no _oven. Any of these Pour batter into a hot pan in 57, Khan Market, New Delhi can be braised in a large covered Tel : 619231 which some butter has been melted dekchi; and what you lose in crisp (cooking oil may be substituted, brown appearance you may very MEN'S GIFT SHOP AT but the flavor is less good). Let the well make up for in overall tender­ batter flow over the pan and cook ness. until bubbles appear. Turn and SHLAKAS brown. Remove to warmed dish. Although you will not be able to TAILORS & OUTFITTERS Make two per person. find chestnuts for the stuffing (some Oppesite Rivoli Cinema,_ New Deihl say they may be available, so try Whatever you use, make it of a consistency that will not be too the specialty stores, but I haven't LET US BE YOUR JEWJ:LLJ:R runny. Take chopped vegetables had any luck), you will be able to DASS JEWELLERS (not too hard or soft), fry onions, find walnuts, which are really quite delicious in a bread stuffing, Or you 9 . A, Sunder Nagar Market garlic, parsley, and a bit of flour, Olli. : 6 1 9 1 4 8 add to vegetables. Spice to taste. might use little pieces of sausage, Tele [ Res. : 2 Ii 4 4 8 6 Chopped nuts an optional addition. or chunks of fruit (raisins, prunes, figs, or fresh apple chunks) to punc­ MUMICK-OPTICIANS Spread on pancake. Roll. or fold tuate the stuffing mixture. like. a crepe suzette. Serve with J. S. MUMICK G. S. MUMICK chopped nuts over the top, ·or make One lovely thing abo-µt Thanks­ F.N.A.O. (Eng.) D.R.Opt. (Luck .) your favorite tomato sauce and giving in India-you won't have to Eye Sight Tested, Frames, Lenses, Repairs and Sun Glasses wash the dishes! pour over the stuffed pancakes as I 2-S, Khin M1rkot, N ew Dalhi- II Phone: 618913

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(Continued from page 22) always very gay and noisy about this, because it shows that they can keep up with things, too, and quadruples or octuples ("drut"). Now, if this count­ unfortunately some musical performances deteriorate ing from Sum to Sum is all that you ever learned into just a series of rhythmic duels because one or to do, you could have a whopping good time at (Contintt ed 011 page 30) concerts, because being able to hit Sum when every­ one else does shows that you are right in the rhythmic groove! And the reason that this is important is that while you are counting the basic beats of the Tal, someone else is doing something pretty fancy within the same framework. He may use two or more rounds of the Tal, but when he is done with his fancy work he finishes up on Sum, along with the other musicians, and in a burst of self-congratulation they give a special bang to that note. Faithful adherence to the Tal is an absolute essential, no matter what happens, and much does happen to throw the musician off: he may play an extremely long passage and expose himself to the possibility of losing count, or he may be thrown off . by noisy syncopations long pauses on the part of his partner, or by other tricky work. The most common bit of fancy work is a maneuver called a Tiha.i ("tiHIGH"), a pattern repeated three times, with the final not~ falling on Sum. These triple maneuvers are immensely satisfying and are used to end a passage. A properly executed Tihai is evidence of the musician's superior counting ability and faithfulness to rhythm, and sometimes one musician may err a bit. Often there are little duels between percussion and instrument, but if neither throws the other off then each little sub-duel ends with Tihais and a reconciliation on sum, to everyone's loudly acclaimed satisfaction. The audience is "Dear, would you like so111ethi11g like tliat, 111he11 yo11 go ...... "

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DELHI DATE BOOK Continued fro111 page 7 A WC Activities third time in Delhi on Monday, November 22nd at The purpose of the annual Christmas Bazaar is to Sapru House. A string orchestra made up of 24 give organizations such as the Blind Relief Associa­ German pediatricians, appropriately called "The tion of Delhi and the American Emergency Com­ German Doctors' Chamber Orchestra," will give a mittee for Tibetan .Relief an opportunity to raise recital of Baroque music on Wednesday, November money. An anticipated 35 organizations will spon­ 24th at Sapru House. sor booths at which will be sold needle work, Christ­ November 21st at an "open space near Rabindra mas cards, Tibetan art objects and Sindhi mirror.­ Bhavan on Ferozeshah Road", two famous vocalists work. Christmas shopping couldn't be done under of Tagore Songs, Hemant Kumar and Kanika more ideal circumstances with so much variety Banerjee, will give a benefit performance. available for so little foot work, and Christmas music Dance in the background contributing to the holiday spirit. At Sapru House on November 3rd, there will be a '- The date is December 1st, from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m., Bharata Natyam recital by Nalini Bhargava, and on at the Roosevelt House Garden. November 20-21 an Indian classical dance program sponsored by Nritya Niketan. The a9nual YWCA Chrysanthemum Show is sche­ Art duled to take place at the YWCA grounds on Satur­ To inaugurate the four-year celebration of the day, December 4th. In addition to tl;e display of 500th birthday anniv~ary of Guru Nanak, the Chrysanthemums, which is the main feature of the 'Group 69' has planned l'n exhibition of paintings and Show, there will be stalls selling a variety of goods, photographs on his life to be shown at AIFACS such as toys, costume jewelry, cosmetics and Christ­ November.. 6-15. mas gift items. Proceeds from the show will be used There will be a photographic exhibit on the theme for village welfare work and for a hostel for working "India Today" by the noted photographer, Sunil women, a secretarial school and a nursery school for janah, November 25- December 5th at Rabindra servants' children. The A WC has one booth at this Bhavan. show, at which Christmas decorations and gift items An exhibit of works by nine British sculptors will will be sold. These decorations will be on display be held -November 3-17 at the Lalit Kala Akademi at Roosevelt House December 1, at the Christmas under the joint auspices of the British Council and Bazaar, and Ginny Cox, (Chairman of this booth) the Lalit Kala Akademi. says you can place special orders at that time. SAREES STOLES Chinese Art . P·alace Malhotra Stationery SILKS UTTAMS FOR Mart OPP: RIVOLI CINEMA CURIOS NEW DELHI CHINA WARE New branch shop at HOME DECORATION RAINA'S No. 14, Sector 17, Chandigarh PACKING Stationers, Printers, Cyclostylers Paper SHIPPING HAIR FASHION Merchants, Sports & Presentations 5TORAGE STUDIO 5-C, Connaught Place A· 14, Con naught Place, Opp. PLAZA, NEW DELHI ASHOKA HOTEL NEW DELHI Telephone . 4 7 8 8 I Phone : 70311 /159 Phone : 43556 30 NEWS CIRCLE THEY (Co11tin11 ed Jro111 page 27) both of the leading musicians is pandering overly GET THAT WAY much to the popular taste. The tabla player is particularly likely to succumb to this temptation, because if he does not put on enough of a show, WHEN THEY BANK people may think he's not much good. This may lead him to challenge the soloist to the point where WITH the latter is distracted from his music and either must agree to. the continuation of the contest or put the tabla in its place-a difficult feat, if both players AMERICAN are of equal caliber. Classical music is quite faddish these days, and the audience is not always deeply EXPRESS knowledgeable, so P.arvenus to the game tend to get unduly carried away by this aspect of things. It certainly does make an exciting evening. In a small private performance there is less attempt to outdo the other fellow, and perhaps we receive more artistic enlightenment on such occasions. When you have heard en gh music, you are sure to want to learn more about the technical and theo­ retical aspects. For instance, each Tal has a a name, plus a set of syllables ("bols"), and a special system of clapping. You will get a true feeling of active participation if you learn the basics of these yourself. And as you attend more concerts and start to build up a record library, you will want to have a more systematic understanding of, and detailed experience with, Raags. For your first weeks of listening, how­ ever. forget about all this and just settle back open mindedly to listen and to go along with the music wherever it leads you. Don't feel embarrassed if you can't take very much of it at first-your tolerance and your desires will both increase with time. When finally the date of your departure from India does approach, perhaps you will find yourself contemplat­ HE'S JUST OPENED BOTH A ing with sadness your impending separation from CHECKING AND A SAVINGS the world of live Indian music. 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Personally supervised by Mrs. Pinky Hora - an expert, foreign-qualified beautician.

Fabrics from the four corners of India All these spccinliscd be1111ty trc11 1111 c11ts arc 111111ilnblc to you : in 1lowing colours, exciting weaves FACIALS MASSAGES and textures. A rainbow of raw ELECTROLYSIS WAX TREATMENT silks, cascades of colourful cottons and a fabulous range of sarees ...... MANICURES MAKE - UP a wealth of traditional and modern handlooms brought straight to you Make your date with b~auty today ! from loom to counter. Phone: 4 4 4 4 o handloom house While you're there visit the LAKME BOUTIQUE a treasure house of textiles 9A Connaught Place 54, Hanuman R oad, Off P:irliament Street, New Delhi 1 . New Delhi I

BANK IN INDIA THE AMERICAN WAY! FIRST NATIONAL CITY BANK Offers you in NEW DELHI, a complete range of Banking Services including : e Personal Checking and Savings Accounts (with your name printed on every check). e Citibank Travellers Checks. O World-wide remittance and money transfer facilities. Why not drop in to see us ? We are located at: 11JEEYAI VIHAR," 3, PARLIAMENT STREET, TR: 40116/7 /8

FIRST NATIONAL CITY BANK OVER 60 YEARS BANKING EXPERIENCE IN INOIA 32 Regd. No . D-n28

With th e Compliments of :

The Burmah Oil Group of Companies

Pion eers in the Petroleum Industry w ith

77 Ye ars Ex perie nce in D ita PLECO A111F.Y M1spe«• \t'iachff Rock Rake Fer1td-Trak Duntp Tn.llt"- Wclll\ Driv• Wlaehts Root Rake Fucfll·Trak Quarry Dump Exploration Prod uction Refining S.wi"'C W- .. ! ruh lbke Trallen ...... ­ Tr,rdoa.-r f •rttd-Tnk TrulM" Trailen L•rrtnr .4. n h• Stumpt n ;:;~:~ Tra ~ Stake J>laUorm . Trans portation · Distribution Uystun1 en.e u• Tree CuUu t~ ori, d - Tra1l Combbl.ati•• Esc:avator aout (:"'tu Tr.atlen f"o rrd-Tnk Wheea..

2/ 113, Parliament Street New Delhi-I

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FIRST ON THE PACI FIC FI RST IN LATIN AME RICA FIRST ON THE ATLANTIC FIRST ROUND THE W ORLD

19 . HOTE L IMPER IAL NEW DELHI Phone : -1 713!>

Edited .and published nine times a year, from September through May, b.., Mrs. Albert Perrelli, US National (C-1 Defence Jll, )lr New Delhi) fo r America n Women's Club of Delhi and printed ~ t T he Statesman Press, Connaltgh t Circlts. New Delhi . /