The Outcrop 2011 Chair’s Letter, Brad Singer...... 1 John Valley–Faculty Liason ([email protected]) Board of Visitors’ Report, William A. Morgan...... 2 Mary Diman–Editor ([email protected]) Gifts, 2011...... 3 Bob Dott–Department Historian ([email protected]) Distinguished Alumni Awards for 2011...... 4 In the News, Honors...... 5 The Outcrop is supported entirely by alumni gift funds. Student Awards and Scholarships...... 6 © 2012 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System GeoBadger Receptions...... 7 Published March 2012 The Archivist’s Corner, Robert H. Dott, Jr...... 8-9 In Memoriam: Clarence Clay...... 10 Weeks Lectures and Speakers...... 11 Please notify the department if you have a mailing Cover: A New View, Shanan Peters...... 12-14 address or email address change. The UW Alumni Students in the Field-Spring Break, Shanan Peters...... 14 Association or US Postal service may not share new Students in the Field-Black Hills, Anders Carlson...... 15 information with us. White Lake Trip Reunion, Phil Brown...... 16-17 We’d like to hear from you! Send professional and personal Students in the Field-SW Wisconsin, Anthony Pollington...17 updates, feedback, news and photos Field Research in Ethiopia, Brad Singer...... 18-19 for Outcrop 2012 (will be published spring 2013) to: Degrees Awarded...... 19 Alumni News 2011...... 20-21 The Outcrop c/o Mary Diman Alumni Death Notices...... 21 Email: [email protected] Faculty News for 2011...... 22-28 Fax: 608-262-0693 UW-NASA-NIA Yellowstone Trip, photos ...... 24-25 1215 W. Dayton St., Room 239 Guidottiite, Stephen Guggenheim...... 28 Madison, WI 53706 Emeritus Faculty News for 2011...... 29-30 Ed Young Remembered, David L. Clark...... 30 The Outcrop on the web: Geology Museum...... 31 http://geoscience.wisc.edu/geoscience/about/outcrop Gifts to the Department, 2012...... 32 Geology of the Ice Age National Scenic Trail, inside back cover

Department of Geoscience University of Wisconsin-Madison Please join us: Lewis G. Weeks Hall for Geological Sciences Party dates, room location, and time will be announced for 1215 West Dayton Street Geobadger Alumni Receptions at these national meetings: Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1692

• AAPG in Long Beach, April 22-25, 2012 Phone: 608-262-8960 • GSA in Charlotte, NC, November 4 -7, 2012 Fax: 608-262-0693 • AGU in San Francisco, December 6-10, 2012 E-mail: [email protected] www.geoscience.wisc.edu • AAPG in Pittsburgh, May 19-22, 2013

Printed on 100% recycled paper.

Cover Illustration: The Colorado River, visible in this photo taken by Jack Share, has cut through more than one mile of the upper crust to form the Grand Canyon. Here, the Great Unconformity is visible as a sharp stratigraphic surface separating the 1.7 billion-year-old Vishnu Schist from the overlying marine sediments of the 525 million-year-old Tapeats Sandstone. The formation of this prominent gap in the rock record played an important role in the history of the Earth. See page 12 for details. Dear Alumni and Friends,

We are pleased to send you the 2011 edition of The Outcrop. I want to thank graphic artist Mary Diman and Professor John Valley, who have assembled contributions from many in Weeks Hall and beyond. Thanks to all who contributed the information and photographs that chronicle GeoBadger activities and Department happenings of 2011. 2011 was another year of notable achievements and events, punctuated by some rather dramatic changes. The University has a new Chancellor, and a much smaller budget. Despite deep cuts to our state support, the number of undergraduates enrolling in our courses and majoring in Geoscience continues to trend upward and our graduate program is as vibrant as ever. The merger of our two graduate degree programs in Geology and Geophysics into a single Geoscience program has been approved by the University. Just before Christmas, I received word of a major gift from John and Tashia Morgridge that will endow the Dean Morgridge Chair in Geoscience. Inside you will learn about honors and awards to faculty and students, including Emeritus Professor Bob Dott’s election to fellowship in the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences Arts and Letters (page 8). Many exceptional field trips including one to Ethiopia led by yours truly (pages 18-19). The cover article by Professor Shanan Peters (pages 12-14) presents an amazingly fresh perspective on information preserved in the strata of North America. Shanan’s signature approach to the rock record, “Macrostratigraphy”, has revealed heretofore hidden connections among many proxy records of earth processes that can enrich our understanding of how life has evolved on Earth. It has been a pleasure as Department Chair to support Shanan’s work with several groups on campus, including the Morgridge Institute for Research Center for High Throughput Computing, to develop a next generation geo-cyberinfrastructure, based in large part on the macrostratigraphy concept. Other milestones include Professor Nita Sahai’s departure in August to become the Ohio Research Scholar Professor of Polymer Science at the University of Akron; we wish her all the best in the new position. Sadly, Emeritus Professor Clarence Clay, who taught in the department from 1968 to 1989 and was a pioneer in ocean acoustics, passed away in April (pages 10-11). We appreciate hearing from you. Please let us know about your personal news and activities so that alumni and friends can be updated on what GeoBadgers are doing around the world.

Sincerely,

Brad Singer Professor and Department Chair

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 1 Board Members Charles Andrews [email protected] Donald Cameron [email protected] Kirt Campion [email protected] Doug Connell [email protected] Steven Driese [email protected] Maitri (Venkat-Ramani) Erwin The Board of Visitors’ meeting, September 30, 2011: Left to right, seated: Brad Singer (Department Chair), [email protected] Bill Morgan (Board Chair). Standing: Chris Glueck (UW Foundation), Kirt Campion, Dave Stephenson, Thomas Hoffmann Jamie Robertson, Carol McCartney, Maitri Erwin, Tom Hoffmann, and Jay Nania. Photo, Mary Diman. [email protected] William Morgan, Board Chair The Board of Visitors [email protected] Thank you from the Board of Visitors for your matching gift campaign to encourage new donors Claudia Mora continued support of the department and its activities to contribute to the Student Field Experience Fund. [email protected] Mark Solien this past year. Your financial contributions are Board members committed $50,000 to be used [email protected] especially important given the challenging budgetary to match first-time gifts to this fund. The Student David Stephenson times for the department and the university. Field Experience Fund fund-raising campaign will [email protected] During 2011, The Board of Visitors assisted the end soon, so please consider a contribution to help department in several ways. Last spring, the Board, continue “trips to the field,” experiences that were Senior Advisors with encouragement from the department, sent a instrumental in convincing many of us that geology Timothy Carr [email protected] letter in support of the proposed “Badger Partnership” would be our profession; and take advantage of the Kenneth W. Ciriacks (a proposal that included a provision for more Board’s matching-gift opportunity. [email protected] autonomy on the part of the University-Madison in There are many other ways to contribute to James F. Davis managing its budgetary affairs) to the Joint Committee the well being of the department, and students [email protected] on Finance of the Wisconsin Legislature. Also during in particular. Please see page 32 for a list of funds David Divine [email protected] the spring, many Board members attended an all- and consider a contribution. Chris Glueck of the Mark Emerson campus summit of the university’s boards of visitors UW Foundation ([email protected], [email protected] that was held at the Kohl Center. At the summit, the 608-265-9952), who assists the Board with its fund- Carl A.P. Fricke chancellor and other speakers provided an overview raising activities, will be pleased to provide you with [email protected] of campus activities, challenges, and fund-raising information on donation options that best meet Thomas Holley [email protected] efforts. The event also provided an opportunity to your particular desires and circumstances. Alfred James meet board members of other departments. In 2011, Anne Lucke, who has been the [email protected] The Board congratulates Dave Mickelson, Louis Board’s liaison to the UW Foundation for many Thomas Johnson Maher, and Susan Simpson on the publication of years, assumed a new role at the Foundation. The [email protected] their book Geology of the Ice Age National Scenic Board congratulates Anne on her new position and John W. Mack [email protected] Trail (please see the inside back cover). This is an thanks her for her consistently sound guidance Carol McCartney excellent publication on a key aspect of Wisconsin and encouragement to the Board in its fund-raising [email protected] geology, and one that will be appreciated by anyone efforts. Chris Glueck has replaced Anne as the Jean Morrison hiking the trail, geologists and non-geologists alike. Board’s liaison to the Foundation and we welcome [email protected] The Board was pleased to raise funds in support of Chris in his new role. Jay Nania [email protected] this publication. The Board is always pleased to hear your Robert Nauta The Board is nearing the conclusion of its fund- comments and would welcome your suggestions for [email protected] raising efforts for the Student Field Experience Fund. nominations to serve on the Board. Marjory Rinaldo-Lee This fund was started to ensure that field experiences, On behalf of the Board of Visitors, thank [email protected] which have been vital aspects of the UW Geoscience you again for your support of the Department of James D. (Jamie) Robertson [email protected] experience, continue to play a leading role in the Geoscience. Rick Sarg education of future Department of Geoscience [email protected] students. To date this fund-raising effort has received William A. Morgan Phillip “Pete” Stark commitments in the form of gifts, pledges, and Chair, Department of Geoscience Board of Visitors [email protected] bequests of $1,594,909. In 2010, the Board initiated a [email protected]

2 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Gifts to the department in 2011: Thank you Gifts toward the end of the year may have been recorded for 2012

Paul N. Agarwal Eric R. Dott Mary L. Hubbard John P. and Tashia F. Jane P. Stanczyk James S. Aiken Robert H. Dott, Jr. Terrance J. Huettl Morgridge Jeffrey M. Stanek Daniel A. Alexanian Steven G. Driese Karma G. Hughes James R. Mulkey and Nancy Scott D. Stanford Rebecca A. Allen Jean C. Durch Alfred James III Diezel Mulkey James R. Stark Anthony F. Amante Craig E. Eisen Mark D. Johnson James A. and Elizabeth D. Philip H. Stark Kathryn Amundson Kevin A. Eisen Thomas M. Johnson Munter George J. Stathis Lance C. Anderson Mark E. Emerson David G. and Sallie B. Jones Ralph H. Nafziger Michael W. Stephens Thornton E. Anderson Caroline A. Erickson James A. Joy Jay C. Nania and Silvia Thomas E. Stephenson Charles B. Andrews and Stanley C. Fagerlin Carl A. Justus Orengo-Nania Ruth T. Stone Elin Quigley Kurt L. Feigl Charles J. Kaiser Robert W. Newfield Thomas C. Sullivan Lawrence J. Asmus Anthony H. Fleming William R. Kaiser Michael P. Niebauer Albert Y. Sun Shashank R. Atre Donald H. Freas Robert F. Kaufmann Tina M. J. Nielsen Harold W. Sundelius John W., Jr. and Frederick A. Frey, Jr. Sally W. Kendrick Alan R. and Wendy A. Niem Susan K. Swanson Catherine R. Attig Henry C. Fuller, Jr. Keith B. Ketner Nyal J. Niemuth Michael L. and Lily A. Sweet Dean E. and Diana R. Ayres Walter V. Green and James S. and Susan C. Kite Gordon L. Nord, Jr. Daniel L. and Sandra G. Jack A. and Laurel Babcock Martha L. Gerdes Gary A. and Dianna E. Kocurek Brooke A. Norsted Szymanski Jean M. Bahr John T. Gerlach Edith H. Konopka Jonathan E. Nyquist and Joyashish Thakurta Wyatt M. Bain Terrence M. Gerlach John H. Kopmeier, Jr. Laura E. Toran Jeffrey C. Thompson Brian C. Ball Steven J. Germiat Jeffrey J. Kuglitsch and Teresa M. O'Neill Sarah J. Titus Michael F. Barber Gary L. Gianniny and Judith R. Zuege Robert P. and Darcy S. Otjen Andrew P. Trzaskus Richard L. Beauheim Cynthia E. Dott Benjamin J. Laabs Donald E. and Carol L. Paull Lois J. Vitcenda John E. Beitzel Roger L. Gilbertson Randell J. Laczniak Rachel K. Paull Herbert F. Wang Mark E. Bengtson Robert H. Gillespie, Jr. William E. Laing William W. Pidcoe, Jr. Scott J. Weber Hugh F. and Jackson E. and William M. Lamb Robert J. and Melissa R. Pleva Bruce R. Weertman Catherine E. Bennett Barbara E. Goffman Penelope J. Lancaster Robert J. and Diane M. Pruett Walter T. Weinig Robert O. Beringer Susan F. Graf John A. Larson E. Richard Randolph J. Michael Widmier Kyra E. Berkove Jonathan D. Greif Robert C. Laudon Alberto V. Reyes Ray E. and Mary M. Wilcox Jonathan M. Berkson Christine M. Griffith David R. Lee and Marjory B. Peter E. Riemersma Stephanie B. Williams Karl J. Bethke Douglas B. and Lynn M. Groh Rinaldo-Lee James D. and Stella M. Keith E. Winfree Barbara J. Bickford Stephen J. Guggenheim Patrick J. Lehmann Robertson Brett M. Wingfield Kenneth J. Bird Robert P. and Samantha E. Leone Dennis L. Roder Maryjane Wiseman Michael J. Bittner Victoria W. Hallam David J. and Sheryl L. Lesar Gary D. Rosenberg Michael J. and Caroline Marcia G. Bjornerud Stanley K. Hamilton Kyle T. and Sherry S. Lewallen Christine Rossen Woldenberg Frederick M. Black Thomas C. Hanks Lance R. Lindwall Rickie L. Ryan John L. Wray Robert H. Blodgett David P. Harper Katherine J. Logan Charles W. Salb Huifang Xu John M. Blohm Orville D. and Helen L. Hart Eric M. and Janet N. Luttrell Phillip L. and Barbara M. Nancy N. Yeend Leo E. Bourcier James A. Hartman Heather Macdonald Salstrom Lynn A. and Francoise B. Yehle Joanne Bourgeois Patricia M. Hartshorne Carol Mankiewicz Cara M. Santelli Keith M. Young Dewitt F. Bowman Nicholas G. Hayden Richard J. Manser J. Frederick Sarg Charles T. and Lois S. Young Robin F. Boyd John B. Hayes Randall S. Marquard Michael L. Sargent William C. and Charles W. Hayward John R. and Cynthia J. Mathie William A. Sauck Corporate Support Alice L.Bradley Donald R. Hembre Charles L. Matsch Richard A. Schmidt and Barr Engineering Company Judith M. Brandt Darrell J. Henry Michael D. Max Nancy A. Carlson BHP Billiton Michael R. Brauner Jonathan R. Hendricks and Melvin G. and M. Carol Karen R. Schmitt BP America Inc Deena G. Braunstein Elizabeth J. Hermsen McCartney Madeline E. Schreiber BP Amoco Foundation Shannon M. Briscoe Robert G. and Elizabeth W. Karen M. McCurdy Gerald L. Scott BP North American Inc. Elwood R. and Della A. Brooks Hickman Robert W. and Elizabeth A. Kevin M. Scott Chevron Companies Steven E. Brown Glenn B. Hieshima McGrath Janet E. Sempere ConocoPhillips Wilfred B. Bryan, Jr. John F. Hilgenberg Roger K. McLimans Orville B. and Rita Shelburne Exxon Mobil Corporation William S. Butcher Julie L. Hill Michelle D. McSwain Kirk W. and Elizabeth Konamoki Exploration LLC Donald E. and Tammye R. Thomas F. and Karen J. Lucy C. Meigs Sherwood Lockheed Martin Corporation Cameron Hoffman Scott D. Meinholz Kent R. Siegel Marathon Ashland Kirt M. Campion Thomas K. and Nancy L. Richard L. Mertins William W. Simpkins Petroleum LLC Anders E. Carlson Holley Marjorie A. C. Middleton Christy H. L. and Kathleen Shell Oil Company Timothy R. and Margaret Carr Carlton V. Howard, III Patricia D. Moore A. Smith Badger Exploration LLC Tim and Debra Cejka Dennis M. Howe Claudia I. Mora George L. Smith Encana Cares USA Rodger H. and Hildur O. Shane A. and Laura E. William A. Morgan Mark A. Solien Occidental Petroleum Chapman Hubbard Scot Energy LLC Ronald R. Charpentier Amy I. Cheng Kenneth W. and Linda Ciriacks Robert M. and Suzanne G. Cluff Michael L. Porter and Rebecca J. Cole Thomas C. and Sara L. Colstad Douglas E. Connell Andrew D. and Cheryl D. Cosner Theodore F. Cota Dorothy D. Craddock George A. Crawford William L. Curry Dennis A. Darby At the GeoBadger GSA reception William E. Davies in Minneapolis: Mo Muldoon, James C. Dawson Jim Aiken, and Glen Champion. Dennis C. DeMets Photo, Mary Diman. http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 3 Distinguished Alumni Awards for 2011 JOHN C. BEHRENDT

For your distinguished contributions to the study of Antarctica and continental rifts and rifted margins, including your efforts to protect and manage Antarctica for the scientific benefit of the world.

John Charles Behrendt oversnow traverse across the Mountains, Lake Superior, and the Atlantic B.S. Physics 1954; M.S. Geology base of the Antarctic Peninsula, continental margins of U.S. and West Africa, as 1956; Ph.D. Geophysics1961 where his group discovered well as Antarctica, to which John returned often Six-decade man John Behrendt the previously unknown range enough to preserve his record of having done has a solid Wisconsin now known as the Behrendt research in Antarctic in every decade since the background. A native of Stevens Mountains. 1950's except, as yet, the current one, which is Point, he obtained all three of Even before finishing his why I called him a six-decade man. his degrees from the University Ph.D., however, John was heading John's contributions to Antarctic affairs have of Wisconsin-Madison. That off into a new field of Antarctic not been limited to field research, however. may sound rather routine, but John C. Behrendt research—aeromagnetics. Another important aspect of his activity has in fact was far from it, because In 1960-61 he began flying a been as scientific advisor and member of U.S. he went far afield to reach his Ph.D. thesis magnetometer over West Antarctica in a program Delegations to 24 international Antarctic Treaty area—all the way to Antarctica where he did that continued intermittently for many years. Consultative Meetings between 1977 and 1995. his field work traversing the Filchner Ice Shelf That first season, though, was very nearly his last For all this John has the distinction of after spending the southern winter at Ellsworth forever, and if you're curious to learn more about receiving the very first Felice Ippolito Gold Station. Wintering over at Ellsworth Station was that you can buy John's second book, The Ninth Medal for Antarctic research from the Italian a legendary experience, about which I will say no Circle. Antarctic Research Program and the Academia more except to direct you to John's first book, In 1964, John went to work for the U.S. Nazionale dei Lincei in 1999. To that, and several Innocents on the Ice. Geological Survey, his employer for 31 years other awards he has received we are now Returning to Madison he completed his That work included airborne, marine, and pleased to add the Department of Geosciences degree under George Woollard and then surface geophysical investigations in the Rocky Distinguished Alumnus Award. ventured south again, this time to lead an —Charles R. Bentley, Citationist

HEATHER MACDONALD For your distinguished contributions in recognition of your leadership in improving the quality of undergraduate geoscience education, and in particular your efforts as the leader of theNSF-sponsored professional development program, On the Cutting Edge.

Heather Macdonald Earth Science Teaching Award, a her colleagues have developed workshops M.S. 1979; Ph.D. 1984 national honor. She was President for college faculty and graduate students Heather Macdonald, Chancellor of the National Association of in geoscience. The first set of workshops, Professor at the College of William Geology Teachers in 1996 and sponsored by NAGT and the National Science and Mary.Heather grew up in in 2009 she was the recipient Foundation, began in 1999; they are called On Denver and was first in her class of NAGT’s Neil Miner Award. In the Cutting Edge, and are aimed at keeping at Cherry Creek High School. Like 2003 Virginia selected her as one college faculty up to date and preparing many another famous geologist, of its Outstanding Faculty, the graduate students for careers in academia. she attended Carleton College, Commonwealth's highest honor A second set of workshops, Building Strong graduating cum laude with a double for faculty at Virginia's public and Geoscience Departments, moves beyond Heather Macdonald major in physics and geology. private colleges and universities. individual training to focus on bringing While still a UW-Madison graduate student, Yes, she knows how to teach. departments into the 21st century. These Heather’s talents as a teacher were clear. She But that is just the start. Her real work has workshops and their associated websites are won the Tyler Award and was a Van Hise Fellow. been in sharing that expertise with others, jointly sponsored by GSA, AGU, AGI, and NAGT, At William and Mary, Heather was awarded as a national leader in geoscience education. and are funded by the NSF. We are proud to the Alumni Fellowship for excellence in Beginning in the 1990s she published books welcome our distinguished alumna back to teaching in 1989 and the following year won the of teaching materials and methods for Madison and to present her with this award. college’s Thomas Jefferson Teaching Award. In earth science instructors at the primary and —Charles W. Byers,Citationist 1992 she was the first recipient of GSA’s Biggs secondary level. Over the last decade she and

4 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison In the News: Honors and Acknowlegements • In recognition of her exceptional service • Professor Chuck DeMets and alumnus • Professor Basil Tikoff (with co-author to the profession of hydrogeology, Mary Eugene W. Domack (BS 1978; Professor H. Fossen) won GSA's Division of Structural Anderson, C.S. Slichter Professor Emerita, at Hamilton College) were elected fellows of Geology and Tectonics's Best Paper Award received the GSA Hydrogeology Division the American Geophysical Union for 2011. for their two papers on theoretical and Distinguished Service Award at the GSA This special honor is granted to only 0.1% of applied analyses of three-dimensional Annual Meeting in Minneapolis in October AGU’s membership each year. deformation. (photo page 29). • Professor Chuck DeMets has received a • Professor John Valley was elected a Fellow • Professor Emeritus Dave Mickelson highly competitive WARF Kellett Mid-Career of the Geochemical Society and of the received the GSA Quaternary Geology and Award from the UW-Madison Graduate European Association of Geochemistry. The Geomorphology Division's Distinguished School. award was made at the Annual Goldschmidt Career Award. The citationist was alumnus, • Professors Shanan Peters and Stephen Conference last August in Prague. and professor at Middlebury College, Jeff Meyers have been awarded NSF Early • Richard Alley (UW PhD 1987) is one of 10 Munroe (MS '96 PhD '01). The award was Career Development awards. The National recipients of this year's Heinz Awards. Alley presented at the QG&G Award Ceremony Science Foundation's CAREER Program is its is the Evan Pugh Professor at Penn State and on October 11 at the GSA Annual Meeting. most prestigious award in support of junior a leader in polar ice studies who discovered Former students also organized a session in faculty who exemplify the role of teacher- that massive climate shifts can happen Dave’s honor and a field trip to the Ice Age scholars through outstanding research, abruptly. He was named our department's Trail. (Please see page 30.) excellent education and the integration 2005 Distinguished Alumnus. • Professor Robert H. Dott, Jr. was recently of education and research. The award is • William A. Morgan, (BS 1975, MS elected a Fellow of the Wisconsin Academy difficult to obtain, and for one department 1977) Board of Visitors Chair, received a of Sciences Art and Letters. (Please see to have two recipients in the same year is 2011 Distinguished Service Award from page 8.) remarkable. Each award provides substantial the American Association of Petroleum • Professor Robert H. Dott, Jr. received research funding over a period of five years. Geologists "In recognition of, and AGI's 2011 Marcus Milling Legendary Shanan’s project is "Towards a high- appreciation for, his pursuit of AAPG ideals Geoscientist Medal at the Annual AGI resolution quantification of the North through exceptional leadership, exemplary Convention in Houston last April. The award American rock record-leveraging field data, publications and being an example of is given to a geoscientist who has been citizen science, and participatory education professionalism for all to emulate." The a consistent contributor of high-quality for macrostratigraphy” (see cover article, Distinguished Service Award is presented scientific achievements and service to the this issue); Steve’s project is "Deciphering to members who have distinguished Earth sciences having lasting, historic value, the Beat of a Timeless Rhythm-—The Future themselves in singular and beneficial long- and who has a long history of sustained of Astrochronology." term service to AAPG. scientific achievement and exceptional • The UW-Madison Physical Sciences • Sedimentary Badgers in the news: service to the geoscience profession. Divisional Committee (tenure committee) Evan Franseen (BS 1981, MS 1985, PhD • Professor Craig H. Benson, Chair, voted unanimously to promote Shanan 1989) is a candidate for president of the Geological Engineering, UW-Madison, Peters to Associate Professor with tenure. Society for Sedimentology (SEPM). Rick was elected to the National Academy of • Professor Eric Roden was selected by the Sarg (BOV Senior Advisor) is the sole Engineering for improvements in design, UW-Madison Graduate School to be a Vilas candidate for Foundation president of construction, and monitoring of earthen Associate for the 2012-14 period the Society. l liners and covers for municipal hazardous and radioactive waste landfills.

At the GeoBadger GSA reception in Minneapolis: Aaron Pruitt, Kalina Dunkle, and Jonathon Carter. At the GeoBadger GSA reception: Madeline Gotkowitz, Peter Riemersma, and Dave Hart. Photos, Mary Diman. http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 5 Student Awards and Scholarships for 2011

The Wasatch-Uinta Field Camp The Laurence Dexter The Thomas E. Berg Excellence Scholarships provided by these funds: Environmental Scholarship in Teaching Award Herbert & Albert Weeks, C.F. Schiesser, BP Cole M. Christiansen JoAnn R. Gage Kyle W. Fredericks Michael J. Hurth, Alexandra S. Macho The Mack C. Lake The Morgridge Distinguished Christian G. MacLeod Stacy L. Oszuscik, Outstanding Senior Scholarships Graduate Fellowship Steven L. Rubinyi Elizabeth A. Godlewski JoAnn R. Gage Alex E. Ruff James Senn Marshal S. Tofte Alexandra S. Macho Melissa M. Reusché Ray Wu Sydney A. Wallner The ExxonMobil Research Award Bethany M. Welke Emily E. Woch JoAnn R. Gage The Carl and Val Dutton Scholarship Dana E. Peterson Shell Undergraduate The ConocoPhillips Research Award Research Fund Awards Carolyn M. Streiff Cole M. Christiansen Dylan P. Colon The James J. and Dorothy T. Hanks Alexandra S. Macho Award in Geophysics The BP Research Assistantships Dana E. Peterson Melissa C. Setz Joe D. Kington Chao Ma Helena M. Menendez Ross K. Tipton Jue Wang The Stanley A. Tyler Excellence The Outstanding Sophomore Award in Teaching Award The Distinguished Raymond V. Nechtaval David M. Lovelace Undergraduate Student Award Stephen T. Johnson The Lowell R. Laudon Outstanding Junior Scholarships The Distinguished Erin C. Berns Peter W. Boettcher Graduate Student Award William J. Montz Bryn A. Benford Brigitta L. Rongstad Matthew D. Walker

The C.F. Schiesser Outstanding Research Paper Awards

Bryn Benford JoAnn Gage Jeremy Pesicek Benford B, Crowley J, Schmitz M, Gage J, Goodwin L, and Tikoff B Pesicek JD, CH Thurber, S Widiyantoro, Northrup CJ, and Tikoff B (2010) Mesozoic (2011) High-grade metamorphism and HR DeShon, ER Engdahl, and H Zhang magmatism and deformation in the deformation on Mt. Chapple, Arunta Inlier, (2010) Sharpening the tomographic image Owyhee Mountains, Idaho: Implications central Australia: A record of multiple of the subducting slab below Sumatra, the for along-strike variations in the western tectonic events and was published by the Andaman Islands, and Burma, Geophys. J. Idaho shear zone. Lithosphere, v. 10, p. Journal of Australian Earth Sciences. v. 58 Int., 182, 433-453. 93-118. p. 273-284. Paul Riley Ninfa Bennington Kuang-Sheng Hong Riley P, Goodwin L, and Lewis C (2010) Bennington N, C Thurber, K Feigl, J Hong, K-S, Xu, H., Konishi, H., and Li, Controls on fault damage zone width, Murray-Moraleda (2010) Aftershock X. (2010) Direct water splitting through structure, and symmetry in the Bandelier distribution as a constraint on the geodetic vibrating piezoelectric micro-fibers in Tuff, New Mexico. Journal of Structural model of coseismic slip for the 2004 water. Journal of Physical Chemistry Geology, v. 32, p.766-780. Parkfield earthquake, Pure & Applied Letters. 1, 997-1002 Fangfu Zhang Geophys., 167. Jason Huberty Zhang F, Xu, H, Konishi H, and Roden Lauren Chetel Huberty, JM, Kita NT, Kozdon R, Heck PR, EE (2010) A relationship between d-104 Chetel LM, and Carroll AR (2010) Terminal Fournelle JH, Spicuzza MJ, Xu H, Valley value and composition in the calcite – Infill of Eocene Lake Gosiute, Wyoming. JW (2010) Crystal orientation effects in disordered dolomite solid solution series. Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 80, p. d18O for magnetite and hematite by SIMS. American Mineralogist, 95, 1650-1656. 492-514. Chemical Geology, 276, 269-283. Amalia Doebbert Libby Obbink Doebbert AC, Carroll AR, Mulch A, Obbink EA, Carlson AE, and Klinkhammer Chetel LM, Chamberlain CP (2010) GP (2010) Eastern North American Geomorphic controls on lacustrine Freshwater Discharge during the Bølling- isotopic compositions: Evidence from the Allerød Warm Periods: Geology, v. 29, p. Laney Member, Green River Formation, 171-174. Wyoming: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, p. 236-252.

6 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison 2011 Badger Receptions Alumni and friends signing the guest book... AAPG: April 12 – Houston GSA: October 10 – Minneapolis Jack Benthin William A. Morgan Ken Aalto Andy Czaja Nick Legg Brooke Alderfer Roecker John Biancardi Maria Mutti Jim Aiken James Dawson Todd LeMaskin Laramie Roecker Kate McColgin Bower John Naranjo Charlie Andrews Mary Diman Weiqiang Li Ashley Russell Alec Bray Doug Neese Lawford Anderson Amalia Dobbert David Lovelace Ben Sanderford Barbara Brown Tina Nielsen John Attig Steve&Mary Driese Chris Lowry Tim Schroeder Rob Bunge Ted Oppel Jean Bahr Peter Drzewiecki Matthew Ludwig Steve Sellwood Kirt Campion Rick Sarg Wyatt (Boomer) Bain Kallina Dunkle Chao Ma Zhizhang Shen Meredith Rhodes Carson Stuart Schmitt Christy Barszhewski Don Elsenheimer Richard Manser Ryan Sibert Ron Charpentier Martin Shields Richard Becker Eric & Rebecca Everman Shasta Marrero (McGee) Madeline Schreiber Linda & Ken Ciriacks Chris Smith Chloë Bonamici Matt Francsis Stephanie Maes Bill Simpkins Cory & Liz Clechenko Mike Sweet Carl Bowser David Fastosky James (Jim) Mayer Brad Singer Paul L. Decker Roderick Tellman Nate Booth Erin Fenlon John McLeod Dana Smith Danica Dralus Scott Thornton Ken Bradbury Bridget Garnier (Diem) Stephen Meyers Michael Smith Eric & Sheri Frodesen Mary VanDerLoop Nicole Braudy Chris Gellasch Zach Michels Betty Socha Justin Gosses Ross Vandrey Bret Breithaupt Casey Gherke Dave Mickelson Ariel Strickland Chris Griffith Mark & Janice Veltern Shiy Brishel Scott Giorgis Vin Mickelson Nick Sullivan Bruce Handley Colin & Ashley Walling Phil Brown Madeline Gotkowitz Bill Mode Matt Swanson James Henderson Marwan Wartes Steve Brown David Hart Claudia Mora Kent Syverson Bob & Liz Hickman MaryBeth Wegner Mark Bultman Noel Heim Maureen Muldoon Michelle Szabo David M. Hite Steve Westrich Rex Buchanan Marc Hendrix Jeff Munroe Juli Thompson Dennis Kerr Wayne Wiese Pat Burns Tina Hill Alan Nelson Sarah Titus Brad & Norma Macurda Anders Carlson Eric Horsman Gordon Nord Laura Toran Cary Carlson Harry House Julia Nord Blair Tormey Doug Carlson Mike Hultsren Andrea Pellis Jack Travis Eric Carson Mindy James Shanan Peters Dave Ullman Jonathon Carter Britta Jensen Tina Pint Rich Whittecar Angeline Catena Rick Johnston Aaron Pruitt Jeff Wilcox Aaron Cavosie Junfeng Ji Laura Pugh Eric Williams At the Spring Awards Banquet Glen Champion Josh Keeley Paul Putzier Tao Wu April 29, 2011 Ron Charpentier Matt Kuchta Todd Rayne Zhongwen Wu Doug Connell Ben Laabs Alberto Reys Huifang Xu Steve Corsi Will Lamb LeighAnne Riedman Fangfu Zhang Below, some of the undergrad award winners: Cole Christiansen, Will Montz, Brigitta Rongstad, Aaron Curtis Andy Leaf Peter Riemersma Matthew Walker, Allie Macho, and Dana Peterson. AGU: December 6 – San Francisco Ninfa Bennington Tim Masterlark Brian Boston Jeffrey McDonald Austin Breed Helena Menendez Maxwell Brown Stephen Meyers Mike Brudzinski Nobutatsu Mochizuki Aaron Cavosie Jeff Munroe Andy Czaja Summer Ohlendorf Heather DeShon Ian Orland Bob Engdahl Jeremy Pesicek Inge Engdahl Donna E. Phillips Jessica Feenstra Bob Phinney Melodie French Stuart Schmitt JoAnn Gage Jeanne Scott Charles Geiger Brad Singer Brian Jicha Michael Smith Joe Kington Ellen Syracuse Christopher Alex Teel Kyriakopoulos Cliff Thurber Ben Laabs Frederick Tillman Dietrich Lange Sarah Titus Luis E. Laza David Ullman Tatyana Levy Matt Weingarten Above, graduate student award winners: Chao Ma, Dave Lovelace, Joe Kington, JoAnn Gage, Amalia Doebbert, Fangfu Zhang, Helena Menendez, and Carolyn Streiff. Photos, Neal Lord. Weiqiang Li

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 7 The Archivist’s Corner Wisconsin Academy remarks, November 6, 2011, upon his election.

Robert H. Dott, Jr. information tells us that 500 million years ago Wisconsin lay in the tropics Both my father and an uncle were about 10 degrees south of the equator geologists, so the only thing I was sure where tropical storms would have of as a youth was I did not want to be been common. a geologist. However, I craved the out- I have also investigated the older, of-doors and as a lad I fell in love with Precambrian record of the Baraboo the Rocky Mountains. When I entered District, the roots of an ancient college, I discovered to my surprise that mountain range. It is a classical geology was fascinating and could keep area made famous by a professional me outdoors. I was hooked. forefather, Charles R. Van Hise, before Having grown up in the oil patch he became president of the university of Oklahoma, I first tried working in in 1905. While studying the Lake Professor Dott lecturing in room 180, Science Hall, petroleum, but was soon called to active May 1969. Photo, Department Archives. Superior iron resources critical to duty at an Air Force research center. the industrialization of the nation, he There I was a logistical coordinator for But there is more. Closer Sherlockian created a famous Wisconsin School projects in the Arctic. Necessary travel to examination reveals that the upper part of of Precambrian Geology, which I wrote about Greenland and Alaska suited me just fine. the stromatolite layer is broken into angular several years ago in the Academy Review While in the service, I decided that I really pieces encased in a matrix of quartz sand and in the Outcrop for 2002 (pp. 32-33). The wanted a career in academia. Wisconsin Baraboo District soon became a show place seemed the best fit, so I arrived here with for demonstrating a number of fundamental my young family in September, 1958. principles and it is still a mecca for dozens My predilection was for the sedimentary of colleges and universities. record of earth history. This fascination led For much of my research, I sought to a co-authored a textbook in 1971. To mountainous regions of the western U.S. my surprise, Evolution of the Earth it is still as well as southern South America and Ant- in print in the 8th edition. More recently I arctica. For centuries it had been assumed co-authored with John W. Attig Roadside that the earth began as a molten sphere Geology of Wisconsin, a different kind of and gradually cooled through time. During book for the layperson. the late nineteenth century, it was sug- Reconstructing past times that no gested that contraction of the cooling earth human witnessed has been the most wrinkled the crust “like a drying, shriveling fascinating challenge I could imagine. apple.” Mountain ranges represented the William Blake’s opening line 200 years wrinkles. Such a simple mechanism was ago captures this passion nicely: “To see beautifully appealing, but one ugly fact can a world in a grain of sand…” It is like a destroy even the most beautiful hypoth- great Sherlock Holmes mystery. From a esis. The ugly fact in this case was that the few clues, one reconstructs the historical amount of wrinkling by the cooling and “crime” scene. For example, how had the shrinkage was inadequate to create moun- five hundred million year old rocks in my tains. A new theory was needed. back yard formed? The few fossils present It is not clear when or by whom the are known only from marine rocks. Weird remarkable parallelism of the opposite crinkly laminated layers are stromatolites, Bob Dott at Van Hise Rock (seen from the east) in shorelines of Africa and South America was which today are formed in very shallow 1973. Photo, Department Archives. first noticed. Perhaps it was the Mock Turtle marine areas by photosynthetic microbes. grains. This records some unusually powerful of Alice in Wonderland who observed Some other layers show ripple marks, which event. As one British geologist said, “The What matters it how far we go? attest to wave and current action. Mystery rock record is like the life of a soldier with His scaly friend replied, solved—the rocks in my yard were deposited long periods of boredom punctuated by There is another shore, you know, in a shallow, agitated sea inhabited by brief periods of terror.” The terror in my case Upon the other side. microbes and some invertebrate animals. was provided by tropical storms, for inside In any case, beginning about 1910,

8 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison positions on the earth. Lo and behold, the older the fossil magnet sample, the farther it’s orientation deviates from the present latitude of that sample. Moreover, comparison of samples of the same ages from different continents agreed well with Wegener’s restored positions of the continents. Paleomagnetism had made continental drift a respectable theory—even in America! During the 1960s things changed rapidly. Large movements of continents through time became inescapable, as did evidence for the progressive opening of ocean basins as the continents flew apart. And the formation of mountains as a consequence of moving and colliding continental plates suddenly became clear. Thus was born the great synthesis we call plate tectonics, which unites many aspects Bob Dott, far left, lectures at Ableman's Gorge, September 27, 2008, to alumni, of geology and geophysics. students, and staff. The field trip was part of the Board of Visitors-sponsored 2008 Alumni Reunion weekend. Photo, Kurt Feigl. Plate Tectonics has been celebrated in poetry as well as on T-shirts: geologists of different nationalities began after World War II with investigations of the The plates can’t curl down; they must to speculate that the continents had moved ocean basins. The startling conclusion was curl up and wrinkled up mountains on their prows. that those basins had been growing wider To form a kind of dish The most famous advocate was the German during the past 250 million years with new To stop the oceans spilling out meteorologist, Alfred W. Wegener. His oceanic crust formed by volcanic activity And losing all the fish.* reconstruction of the continents 250 million along seafloor ridges. Such a ridge is exposed I feel very fortunate to have lived through years ago was far more consistent with in Iceland. So the continents on either side this great revolution in earth science. Besides the distribution of past climate zones than were drifting apart as the sea floor between finally having a satisfying theory to answer my permanently fixed continents. Geologists expanded. boyhood wonder about mountains, we also then showed that identical sequences of strata Meanwhile, some British physicists have gained an understanding of the origin and their fossils occur on the now widely investigated the magnetism frozen into rocks of continents and ocean basins. And we have separated five southern continents. Many of such as basaltic lavas. Certain iron minerals come to appreciate the importance of impacts the fossils in those strata were non-marine become magnetized by the earth’s magnetic by extraterrestrial bodies, which knocked animals and plants, which could not have field at the place and time of eruption and out the dinosaurs and other life forms. dispersed across wide oceans! The postulated so provide a frozen clue to their ancient And we understand that our entire planet grouping together of has undergone a profound the southern continents evolution beginning with its soon became known as origin four and half billion Gondwanaland. years ago—really a co-evolution American geologists of the physical earth and were the most antagonistic the biosphere on a two-way to continental drift, which street. Because of this balance was pronounced “utter between life and non-life, it damned rot” by a former appears that Dr. Pangloss was president of the American correct that this is, indeed, “the Philosophical Society. As best of all possible worlds”—at an undergraduate, I never least in our solar system. l heard drift mentioned. It was a British fellow *B.C. & G.C.P. King (1971) graduate student at Nature, v. 232, p. 37 Michigan who introduced November 6, 2011, in Madison. Newly elected Fellows of the Wisconsin the subject to us naïve Academy of Sciences Art and Letters, from left, front: JoAnna Poehlmann, "colonials." Things changed Bob Dott, Maury Laws. Back: Donald Nichols, Jeremi Suri, Steven Ackerman, Judith Faulkner. Photo, C.W. Byers.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 9 In Memoriam: Clarence Clay Professor Emeritus Clarence Clay died and Limnology, Clay and Professor John suddenly April 4, 2011. Known to friends Magnuson discovered a mutual interest in simply as “Clay,” he was a member of the tracking aquatic organisms. They developed faculty of the Department of Geoscience a fruitful collaboration involving gradu- for 21 years. He grew up in Kansas and ate and post-doctoral students from their began his college education at Kansas State respective specialties to conduct cruises off University, but left to serve in the Army Cape Hatteras using acoustical techniques during World War II. After basic training, to study the distribution of organisms along he was placed in specialized programs the northern edge of the Gulf Stream front. at the University of Cincinnati and Ohio They then extended their research over State University. He was then assigned to deeper water beyond the Continental Shelf. the Signal Corps to maintain and operate Clay also conducted a geophysical survey electronic equipment. While in Ohio, he for an antenna array in northern Wisconsin met Jane Edwards and, after completion used for extremely low-frequency (ELF) of Clay’s training, they were married in communication with ships anywhere on 1945. Clay’s group was chosen to maintain Clarence Clay, Professor Emeritus. Earth. Although practical, this technology electronic equipment during the planned became controversial with both environ- invasion of Japan. mentalists and marine zoologists. and Means” for “oceanic depth measurement” After separation from the Army, Clay While at UW-Madison, Clay published a refers “not only to measurements of the completed both the Bachelor’s (1947) and second edition of the Tolstoy and Clay mono- depth of the water, but also to the depth Masters (1948) degrees in Physics at Kansas graph and two editions (1977 and 1998) of an- measurements of the earth layers below.” It State University. The Clays then moved other monograph on acoustical oceanography led, years later, to a Navy sonar project for to Madison where he entered the PhD with former Hudson colleague, H. Medwin. mapping the ice pack floating in the Arctic program in physics. His dissertation under These two books have appeared in Russian Ocean to determine if submarines could safely Professor Gibson Winas was entitled, “Field translations and are the international standard navigate beneath it. Similarly, the 1967 patent Strengths and Spectra of High Frequency Gas references for marine acoustics. Clay also for “Directional Filtering of Summed Arrays” Discharges.” After completing the Ph.D. in published a textbook for exploration seismol- for “maximization of signal output by means 1951, Clay taught for one year at the University ogy (1990). In 1993, the Acoustical Society of a matched-filter technique” with Robert A. of Wyoming, but then joined the Carter Oil of America recognized Clay’s preeminence Frosch explicitly recognizes the mathematical Company Research Laboratory in Tulsa, by awarding him its prestigious Silver Medal, similarity between sound waves in water and Oklahoma, as a Research Physicist to develop “for contributions to understanding acoustic electromagnetic waves in air. Indeed, the new methods for geophysical exploration. In propagation in layered waveguides, scattering patent refers to the sonar and radar “arts”, 1955, Clay moved to the Hudson Laboratories from the ocean's boundaries and marine life, respectively, anticipating—before digital of Columbia University where he was a Senior and ocean parameters and processes”. His computers—many techniques, such as “time Research Associate for marine geophysical contributions are listed in detail on Wikipedia. reversal”, that continue to see widespread research. Here Clay worked in an unusually Like many mathematicians, Clay possessed an application and extensive stimulating group specializing in marine research today. acoustics. Among many accomplishments at Clay joined the Geo- Hudson, the group located several important physics faculty at the UW- U.S. and Russian sunken ships. With his Madison in 1968. He taught colleague I. Tolstoy, he coauthored an introductory geophysics to important monograph on ocean acoustics scores of students and he published in 1966. mentored many graduate Clay applied his considerable students who today hold mathematical skills to solving problems in important positions in aca- signal processing that led to five patents demia and industry around between 1959 and 1967. His inventions show the world. His extensive a remarkable prescience. For example, his ocean acoustics experi- 1959 patent for a “multiple transducer array ences led to an interest in … of particular utility in the area of seismic fish acoustics. As faculty prospecting” has been referenced as recently members in the graduate as 2000 by several petroleum companies. His program in Oceanography Professor Clay and Jane Clay in 2004 on a trip along the Inside 1964 patent for “Signal Correlation Method Passage of Alaska's coast. Photos, Department Archives.

10 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Speakers in 2011 intuitive appreciation for music. He began January 21–Dr. Gail Christeson, University September 16–Dr. Gary Weissmann, playing the euphonium and singing in of Texas at Austin: The Chicxulub Structure: University of New Mexico: Use of Outcrop choruses as a youth and continued through What an Impact! Analogs to Improve our Understanding of Subsurface Physical Heterogeneity adulthood. He and Jane, who plays the January 28–Dr. Marcia Bjornerud, Lawrence clarinet, joined the New Horizons Band for University: "Dry" vs. "Wet" pseudotachylyte: September 23–Dr. Jessica E. Tierney, people over 50 years old. Clay also played in Observatons from Norway and New Zealand Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University: Biomarker the Madison Community Orchestra. Both he February 3–Dr. Matt Pritchard, Cornell Perspectives on African Climate and Jane sang in the First Unitarian Society University: Testing mechanisms of choir for many years. subduction zone segmentation and September 30–Dr. David J. Des Marais, Clay continued his scientific pursuits seismogenesis with slip distributions from NASA Ames Research Center: Marine recent Andean earthquakes, the location of microbial mats and the search for evidence after retiring in 1989. He participated in a seismic swarms, and cracks in the Atacama of life in deep time and space Chaos Seminar led by Professor Clint Sprott desert and also explored fractals. He found that October 6–Dr. Steve Silliman, University February 4–Dr. Matt Pritchard, Cornell of Notre Dame–National Ground Water fractals describe wind-blown ocean waves, University: Volcano deformation: When does Association 2011 Darcy Distinguished seafloor sediment surface features, and it signify a hazard? A global compilation and Lecture: Characterization of a Complex, many aspects of the land surface. His last case studies from the Andes Sole-Source Aquifer System in Benin, West Africa interest was in climate change. To look February 9–Dr. Craig Manning, Mineralogical into the future, he was analyzing records Society of America Distinguished lecturer, October 7–Dr. Martin Van Kranendonk, over the last 800,000 years, using spectral Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Geological Survey of Western Australia: algorithms that he characteristically insisted UCLA: In Deep Water: New Insights into Eight hundred million years that changed the on re-deriving from Fourier’s first principles. Geologic Fluids in the Deep Crust and world: Contingent drivers of environmental Although the shortening of Madison winters Upper Mantle change across the Archean-Proterozoic transition since the 1920s and the rapid shrinkage of February 11–Dr. Alberto Reyes, Department the Arctic Ocean ice cover indicate warming, of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin- October 14–Dr. Terry Plank, Columbia Clay became convinced, based upon his Madison: Really old and really cold: ancient University, Lamont Doherty Earth permafrost and Pleistocene interglacials in Observatory: Hot and Cold Slabs: Water understanding of the orbital cycles identified Yukon and Alaska Recycling at Subduction Zones by Milankovitch that, in the longer run, we are on the cusp of a new ice age. March 4–Dr. William C. Haneberg, 2011 October 28–Dr. Huifang Xu, Department Jahns Distinguished Lecturer: The Landslide of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin- The Clays raised four children of whom that ate Laprak Madison: Sweet Spots for the Formation of Clay was very proud. While living in New Sedimentary Dolomites York State, the family took up sailing on the March 24–Dr. Kate Scharer, Appalachian State University: Kinematics of a sag pond November 4–Dr. Steve Wesnousky, Hudson River in the summer and skiing in at the edge of a transpressional bend: The University of Nevada, Reno: The Walker the winter. When they came to Wisconsin, challenges of unraveling slip rate in regions Lane and Basin and Range Fault Systems both Clay and Jane served for many years of structural complexity of Western North America: Styles and Rates of Deformation, Fault Mechanics, on a ski patrol. Attending to injured skiers April 1–Dr. Paul Kapp, University of Arizona: and Insights to the Structural Evolution of a inspired Jane to obtain a degree in nursing Building the Tibetan Plateau (and blowing Major Transform Plate Boundary after which she served as a registered nurse, it away) November 18–Dr. Sumit Chakraborty, certified at the University Hospital. The April 15–Dr. David W. Peate, University of Mineralogical Society of America, Clays were always active members of the Iowa: Tracking the development of magmatic Distinguished Lecturer, Institut fuer First Unitarian Society of Madison, of which plumbing systems in flood basalt provinces Geologie,Mineralogie and Geophysik, Ruhr- through stratigraphic variations in crustal Jane was president of for a number of years. Universitaet Bochum, Germany: How long assimilation Clay was always generous with his time do geological processes last?—The long and patient in sharing his knowledge. He was May 6–Dr. Christie Rowe, UC Santa Cruz & and the short of it McGill University: Frictional Decarbonation positive, considerate, genuinely interested December 2–Dr. Jessica Blois, Center of Dolomite during Earthquakes, Naukluft in other people, and never tried to force his for Climatic Research and Department Thrust, Namibia: Strange Fault Rocks and opinions on others. Even when the family of Geography, University of Wisconsin- Evidence for Extreme Fault Weakening was struck by tragedies of the most profound Madison: Spatial and temporal dynamics sort, Clay remained joyous in life. l September 9–Dr. Andy Czaja, Department of community responses to paleoclimate of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin- change Madison: Evidence for significant free Robert H. Dott, Jr. (Professor Emeritus), oxygen in the ocean prior to the 2.4 Ga Memorial Committee Chair Great Oxidation Event Kurt L. Feigl, Professor Mary P. Anderson (Professor Emerita)

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 11 A new view of the sedimentary rock record Drivers of Earth system evolution are encoded by gaps and rocks

by Shanan E. Peters Charles Darwin closed his chapter in the rock units from 1,013 geographic regions Origin of Species, not subtly titled “On in the Americas and the Caribbean (Fig. 1), the Imperfection of the Geological Clay Kelly and Andy Fraass (MS 2009) Record,” with a now well- helped with 7,124 units from the deep sea, known simile: “I look at the and Neal Auchter (BA 2009) completed a natural geological record, as senior thesis in which he compiled and ana- a history of the world imperfectly lyzed 2,168 units from 329 locations in New kept...of this history we possess the last Zealand (you can explore all of these data in volume alone...Of this volume, only here and a simple interface at macrostrat.org). This there a short chapter has been preserved; work is producing many fascinating results, and of each page, only here and there a including some that shed new quantitative few lines.” Although Darwin was a talented light on some old geological observations. geologist who used the rock record to derive The simplest quantity that can be many new insights into Earth history, his tabulated from macrostratigraphic data is the message was very clear and it was articulated amount of rock as a function of age, such in one of the most influential scientific texts as the total number of sediment ever written. Beyond demonstrating that our packages and sediment coverage planet is unimaginably old and ever-changing, area in each Phanerozoic stage the rock record is so incomplete that it (Fig. 2). The temporal pattern cannot provide a reliable account of anything, of marine rock quantity for particularly organic evolution. Fig. 1: Distribution of the the areas shown in Figure 1 is 949 current macrostratigraphic Today, our perception of the rock control regions in the Americas and interesting for two reasons. First, and fossil records is somewhat different, Caribbean. there is indeed a long-term trend in especially with respect to the utility of the preserved rock quantity, but that trend is fundamental to the object or phenomenon fossil record in documenting evolution, is a decrease towards the Recent, such that of interest. The approach I have taken to but in many ways it remains unchanged. All there is more Cambrian marine sedimentary measuring the rock record is based on a geologists value their rocks and the richness rock than there is Miocene marine sediment. simple but core principle that has roots going of the stories they can tell, but they also Although this makes intuitive sense to back to Wheeler’s chronostratigraphy. At understand that the rock record is patchy, anyone with basic knowledge of the geologic any point in space, the entire rock record riddled with gaps, and gets worse with age history of North America, most of the models can be subdivided into discrete packages due to tectonic processes and erosion. If we that are used by geologists to describe the that formed continuously at a given scale of are lucky, or so the mantra goes, there will rock record echo Darwin’s view and assume temporal resolution and that are bound by be a bit of rock somewhere in the world that that there is a dominant signal of erosion and gaps. In the case of sedimentary rocks, most survived destruction and that is well enough destruction of rock, leading to an exponential of these gaps correspond to discrete surfaces preserved that it might contain a useful proxy decay in rock quantity backwards in time. representing unconformities. Sampling the record of some kind, something that can be Macrostratigraphic data do not support this entire surface and subsurface rock record removed from the incomplete rock record hypothesis. If they did, there would be a at multiple locations and then determining and measured in a laboratory. Although this trend through time in rock quantity, but it the times of initiation and truncation of rock is a widespread sentiment among geologists, would be in the opposite direction. This is packages at each of those locations forms the much of my recent work is showing that not not to say that erosion doesn’t occur or that basis of macrostratigraphy. only is this view inaccurate, at least from the it isn’t important in shaping the marine rock Compiling and analyzing macrostrati- Neoproterozoic to Recent, but it may also record, but it does suggest that the strength graphic data has occupied much of my time shackle our understanding of many important of the destruction signal relative to the for the past four years. To date, and with drivers of Earth system evolution. signal that was imparted by variation in how the help of Noel Heim, Deb Rook, and The first step towards scientific much marine rock was formed in the first Annaka Clement, I have compiled 24,641 understanding is to measure something that place, must be small. Intriguingly, the time

12 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison series describing non-marine sedimentary periodicity in marine sedimentation on rock quantity in North America does exhibit the continents suggests that there is some temporal asymmetry (Fig. 2, green line), tectonic process, as-yet unidentified, that with a large increase in quantity towards the operates with a periodicity of ~56 Myr and Recent. There are several hypotheses for that this process is linked to the volume of what might be responsible for the dichotomy the ocean basins and/or the mean elevation between this aspect of the marine and non- of the continents. There are a few ideas in marine rock records, but my favorite involves the literature that are relevant, including the dichotomy in the way that sediment cyclicity in the deformation of convergent accommodation space is created on the margins and the timescales for mantle continents, namely sea level change and plume activity, but we still do not know tectonics. the cause of the 56 Myr cycle. Given that The second interesting aspect of the statistically similar periodicity occurs in Fig. 3: Flow of information among macrostratigraphic data for rock quantity marine biodiversity and in seawater 87Sr/86Sr, global proxy records, North American is that they capture two familiar patterns it is important that we find and understand macrostratigraphy, and marine fossil diversity. Solid lines with arrows show that have long been part of the qualitative the mechanism for this fundamental pattern significant statistical dependence and repertoire of North American geologists: in sedimentation. direction of information flow, interpreted Sloss Sequences and the Wilson Cycle. Recent The results above show that the marine as causality. Dashed lines show statistical sedimentary rock record is not dominated dependence but ambiguous causal work with Steve Meyers, published in 2011 relationships. GD, genus diversity; P, in EPSL, identified an ~250 million year by erosional degradation, but that it instead marine sediment packages; SL, sea level; component of variability in marine sediment captures a signal related to continental CL, number of fossil collections. See coverage area, an “M-curve” corresponding to flooding. The question then becomes what Hannisdal and Peters (2011) Science for more information. the Wilson Cycle of continental coalescence effects did these large changes in Earth’s and breakup. More intriguingly, we also surface have on the evolution of life and now have concrete evidence for an intricate found evidence for a significant 56 Myr environment? To address this question, network of causal relationships between oscillatory signal corresponding to many macrostratigraphic data need to be combined many different proxy records for Earth Sloss Sequences. The finding of a significant with data that describe biological and systems evolution (Fig. 3), with information geochemical conditions on Earth, records flowing from sea level to macrostratigraphy, which also come from sedimentary rocks. and with sea level itself related to records that In a Science paper published this year are affected by sea floor spreading and rates with a colleague from Bergen, we addressed of continental weathering; the fossil record this question by examining correlation captures some of these environmental signals and causation among marine biodiversity, quantitatively too, which is not surprising geochemical proxy data related to global given the responsiveness of the biosphere to carbon cycling, sulfur cycling, climate, sea physical environmental change. floor spreading/continental weathering, and Because macrostratigraphy is based on sea level, as well as the number of marine the gaps in the rock record as much as it is sediment packages in North America. The the rocks themselves, the results described remarkable result of this study is that even above provide prima facie evidence for though the rock record of North America the hypothesis that there is important covaries with the global fossil record in ways process information encoded within the that are predicted by Darwin’s hypothesis, very gaps that have troubled geologists and namely that the history of life is written in the paleobiologists ever since Darwin. As a result, tattered pages of an incomplete stratigraphy, my attention, and that of my colleague Bob the fossil record of diversity actually contains Gaines at Pomona College, has recently a signal that is also found in stable isotopic turned to understanding the implications ratios related to sulfur cycling and sea level, of the biggest gap of them all, the “Great which are in turn linked to records of carbon Unconformity,” so named by John Wesley cycling and sea floor spreading. Moreover, we Powell during his epic 1869 voyage down the show that the biodiversity signal in the face- Grand Canyon (cover). value fossil record isn’t adversely affected by Coinciding in time with the Cambrian Fig. 2: Macrostratigraphy-derived time variability in the sedimentary rock record at Explosion of marine animal life, the “GUn” series of rock quantity in North America. A) Total number of packages. B) Total all, even though fossil data do have a signal of has long been an icon for the inadequacy of sediment coverage area. Blue line shows idiosyncratic sampling by paleontologists. The the fossil record. In most places, including marine sedimentary rocks, green dotted most important result, however, is that we right here in Wisconsin, Cambrian marine line shows terrestrial sediment. (Peters continued, next page) http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 13 (Peters continued) geologically by a profound shift sediments overlie igneous and from high-standing, eroding con- metamorphic rocks that were formed tinents to low-standing continents at crustal depths hundreds of millions that readily accumulated sediments of years before the Cambrian (Fig. in expanding and contracting shal- 4). Such non-conformities obviously low seas. impose a large gap in fossil recovery On the whole, much of my work at a critical time in the history of life in 2011 has shown that Darwin was on Earth. However, the GUn is also right about the rock record only in a globally occurring, fundamentally the sense that the panoply of Earth unique paleogeomorphic surface systems interactions which control that documents a protracted period the spatiotemporal pattern of sedi- of extensive continental denudation mentation result in a patchy and followed by the first continent-scale gap-riddled rock record. However, marine transgression of the Phanero- the new quantitative view provided zoic. This is important because the by macrostratigraphy suggests that weathering of continental crust affects the gaps contain important and biogeochemical cycling in many ways, unique information about changes and the weathering of this continental in Earth’s surface environment. crustal surface was enhanced during Thus, geologists would do well to the Sauk transgression. Thus, rather move beyond Darwin’s view of the than being a stand-out example of Fig. 4: The Great Unconformity outside of Colorado Springs, CO. incompleteness of the rock record the incompleteness of the rock and remember the words of the record, the formation of the GUn important transitions in Earth systems in the French composer Claude Debussy: “music is may have actually triggered one of the most past 1 billion years, a transition that is defined the space between the notes.” l biologically by the Cambrian Explosion and

Southern Exposure Students in the Field Geobadgers head for southern hills by Shanan Peters and then ran up section, into carbonate- rich lower Mississippian rocks capped by For many Weeks Hall occupants, Spring Break younger Carboniferous clastics derived means heading into the wilds in search of great from the rising Appalachians. Ocoee rocks, and spring 2011 was no exception. Under Gorge itself exposes structurally displaced the direction of Shanan Peters and Alan Precambrian metasedimentary rocks of Carroll, and first-rate graduate student co- the Great Smoky group, which record the leaders JoAnn Gage and Joe Kington, a group rifting that formed the Paleozoic passive of 11 undergraduate and five graduates trekked margin. to the southern Appalachians. After our arrival in the heart of the Spring break came early this year, so on Appalachians, we turned north and Friday, March 11th the group loaded department headed to the Brevard Fault Zone, one of and UW fleet vehicles and left Madison, headed the major structural features that record The Spring Break '11 group. Photo, Joe Kington. for the broad structural dome around Nashville, multiple phases of deformation, some TN. Once there we took in lake-side and road cut of which brought Grenville basement Our group of students, Devon Armstrong, exposures of fossiliferous Ordovician carbonates. rocks, as well as mafic and ultramafic rocks, to Boomer Bain, M’bark Baddouh, Nicole This was the perfect starting point to begin our the surface (photo, page 15). Another look into Braudy, Jenny Crozier, Woody Fang, Sam transect, as these sediments record the early the orogen was provided by the Grandfather Freitag, Samantha Leone, Ben Link, Patrick Paleozoic passive margin that existed prior to Mountain Window, a highlight of which was great Loureiro, Jim Senn, Erik Skarman, Carolyn later Paleozoic deformation, with a few scattered exposures of the Linville Falls Fault. Great Smoky Streiff, Marshal Tofte, Sydney Wallner, and ash beds evidencing offshore arc volcanism. Mountain National Park was home for two nights Eric Williams were great, and we all enjoyed Joe’s From Nashville, we headed southeast, towards before heading back west, across the valley and mountain serenades around evening campfires. All Ocoee Gorge. On the way, we saw a prominent ridge and into the Appalachian Basin. A stop for an in all, it was another successful Geobadger Spring unconformity separating the black Devonian underground tour at Mammoth Cave marked the Break trip, made possible by the alumni Student Chattanooga Shale from Ordovician carbonates end of the trip’s geology. Field Experience Fund. =

14 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Mapping Quest Students in the Field Geoscience 202 to the Black Hills

The Geoscience 202 class on the early Cenozoic paleosol weathered into the Pierre Shale in Badlands National Park. Photo, Andrew Walters.

by Anders Carlson In 2011, I led my fourth 202 fieldtrip to the Black Over the past decade, a key component of the Hills, this time solo and with undergraduate curriculum has been Geoscience 63 students. TA's Andrew 202, introduction to geologic structures. The class Walters, Zach Michels has morphed somewhat as the core curriculum and Dana Smith along has changed and now focuses on structural geol- with volunteer Nichole ogy and how the rocks and structures interact “Nicolicoster” Braudy pro- with surficial processes to make Earth’s geomor- vided an immense amount phology. An integral component of the class is of additional help. After the yearly trip to the Black Hills for the students an all-night drive with two to map structures first hand and actually see the buses to accommodate the geology that streams and wind have exposed. large number of students, we spent Thursday morn- Students finding their current location on the map and then taking ing investigating Badlands strike and dip of the resistant sandstone bed on which they are National Park, identifying standing. We spooked a rattler right after this photo, sunning itself on one of the better bedding planes. Photo, Andrew Walters. and mapping faults in the flat strata. After lunch and the obligatory stop at Wall we headed to Red Gate-White Gate on the east Drug where we were able to keep track of every- side of the Black Hills. The students are turned one surprisingly, we headed on to Rapid City for loose to map the classic monocline structure of the a review of the Jurassic racetrack from Dinosaur Paleozoic strata. This is a great location for such Park with its kitsch cement dinosaurs and then on an assignment because a stream has cut through to camp. the fold, leaving the monocline of the Madison Former students may remember camping in limestone and Deadwood Formation exposed in Custer State Park, but we changed camp areas in cliffs. We then move on to Precambrian rocks in 2010 and now spend three nights at Bear Butte the afternoon, visiting the Homestake Mine fol- State Park near Sturgis, which better accom- lowed by mapping of the Deadwood-Precambrian modates the change in class focus to mapping contact near Lead High School. We finished the day in detail two regions. The first one now is Bear at Mount Rushmore where, once again, our visit Butte, which we tackled on Friday. Bear Butte is corresponded with donor-appreciation festivities, a Tertiary rhyolite intrusion that domed up the not allowing us to purchase ice cream from the surrounding Mesozoic rocks. Another unexposed convenience stand! intrusion to the southwest of Bear Butte resulted The first Saturday night of October 2011 was in two domes overlapping, making for “interest- also UW’s first conference game against Nebraska. ing” field geology. Despite this complex setting, Needless to say, many students were “upset” about the students “get it” at this location with the TA’s having to miss the game. But technology to the and I leading them through the mapping process. rescue. One of the students can broadcast onto the Once the rocks are mapped hiking up the butte, web what is currently on his TV. I was thus able to we are given an amazing view of the surround- stream the game live through my iPhone onto my ing landscape where the hogbacks of resistant laptop and we watched the game in the camp- sandstone layers clearly layout the two-dome ground, followed by a good victory celebration. Spring Breakers and Alan Carroll (front right) in structure. The students take this knowledge of We packed it up Sunday morning and began the Appalachians: A chilly and rainy day didn't the long haul back to Madison. All in all a success- stop Geobadgers from checking out this nice cliff and valley forming layers and then apply it in exposure of mylonitic rocks in the Brevard Fault the afternoon to another intrusion called Elkhorn ful trip. Sixty three students returned, with a new Zone. Photo, Shanan Peters. Peak, which they map from afar. appreciation for geology, structures and how they Saturday is the big mapping project day and shape the Earth’s surface. l http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 15 October 1- 4, 2011

by Phil Brown

In the pre-dawn darkness a sweatier hike over the top of Saturday Oct. 1 multiple of hill 407 and then joined generations of White Lake up at the traditional lunch alums gathered in the parking spot. While eating there, Mike lot of Weeks Hall to begin Sargent (1964) and his wife the 10-hour drive to the Joan materialized out of the Little White River in Ontario. woods—they had driven to Except for the time of year the camp that morning and (normally the last week in located us in the wilderness. April) and the time of day As always, we cooked (we normally leave in the outside between the cabins afternoon) the beginning was along the riverbank and similar to the 65+ versions shared stories, good food of this trip that preceded it. and local as well as imported Participants excited to be At the Little White River (it's Nip the dog in front): From left to right beverages. Gary and Hanny escaping from Madison and standing: Jamie Robertson, Shaun Wood and Ally, Charlie Andrews, Tim have owned the property Prokop, Mary Jo and Jack Hallberg, Mike and Joan Sargent. Kneeling/ looking eagerly forward to sitting: Larry Bradfish, Missy Setz, Devon Armstrong, Phil Brown, Jason since 1985 and as any of being a real geologist for a few Huberty, and Carl Bowser. Photo, ©Carl J. Bowser–Silver Pixel Images. the 363 students who have days–tromping through the struggled with the geology woods, puzzling over scarce outcrops, building in the 1970s but somehow the geophysics there in these last 26 years will attest, Gary can a geological story in one’s mind’s eye (and students didn’t get out much) represented make wine or beer out of just about anything hopefully on a map and cross section). And as the Board of Visitors. Apparently all of the 285 growing on the property. The blind taste the leaders of this intrepid band, Carl Bowser students from the 1980s and 1990s were too testing that we did on Sunday left everyone and I are, as always, wondering do we have all busy with their real lives to play hooky but the with a favorite although the parsley wine the equipment, did we buy enough food, does last decade was represented in the van by Tim was a bit bitter for my taste. Sunday evening everyone have their passport? Prokop and Jason Huberty (2007) and Devon we reprised our traditional Thursday night The answers to all these questions were Armstrong and Missy Setz (2011). After an banquet—a sit-down meal complete with ‘yes’ and thus began a successful four-day uneventful drive we arrived at the Little White napkins, pepper shakers and dessert provided reunion trip that brought together 10 course River Lodge and were greeted by Jack Hallberg by Hanny. alums, family members and the two course (1963) and his wife Mary Jo and of course the Before dinner I rolled out the actual maps instructors who have led 40 of the last 45 years current owners of the cabins Gary and Hanny created by nearly all the reunion participants of this remarkable course. Charlie Andrews Ziegler. Later that afternoon Larry Bradfish when they were students—I have a huge (1975) and Jamie Robertson (would’a been (1974) and Shaun Wood (2000) and his family stash of maps and special projects dating back joined the party. to the early 1950s as well as dozens of field Sunday morning books. Carl and I also have group photos and Carl and I led a hike candid field shots from every year back to on the north central 1968. Much hilarity and good-natured ribbing traverse—the traditional accompanied the viewing of this ‘ancient’ first mapping day that history. But seriously, more than 1000 Geology provides the students and Geophysics (and now Geoscience) with a look at examples students have participated in the White Lake of nearly all the rocks in course in the last 70 years and gotten their the mapping area. And start on careers that may or may not have ever this traverse includes included making another map. At one extreme some of the key outcrops Jack Hallberg spent a career mapping the in the map area. Part inhospitable wilderness of western Australia— of the group took a although he would be the first to admit that shortcut up an ATV trail his White Lake map left a bit to be desired Phil Brown points out features of a roadside outcrop. to the outlet of Bat Lake (tongue-in-cheek emoticon here). Photo, Jamie Robertson. while the rest of us had Monday most of the group took a half-day 16 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison road trip to see some of the classic outcrops between the camp and the once vibrant uranium-mining town of Elliot Lake. During the course we normally take this drive at mid-week to give everyone a break and because the stops include some beautiful pillow lavas and a spectacular boulder conglomerate that marks locally the unconformity between the Archean granite gneisses and the world famous lower Proterozoic Gowganda diamictite. This later unit preserves some of the earliest and most extensive evidence for widespread continental glaciation in the rock record. Tuesday morning we left for Madison while those who had driven themselves headed out in various directions. I think the trip was successful and I believe that all the alums and especially their spouses agree. The weather was as perfect as one could hope for in early October and the trees were beautiful shades of red, orange and yellow. Carl and I appreciate the effort that people put into making the trip to With Jack Hallberg and Charlie Andrews poring over maps in the background, this beautiful and very out of the way place and I can’t wait for Carl Bowser, left foreground, reminisces with Tim Prokop, Jason Huberty, the end of April to come so that I can return with this year’s Mike Sargent, Gary Ziegler, and Phil Brown. Photo, Jamie Robertson. crop of 15 students. l

Right: Relaxing at lunch near one of the historic uranium mines outside Elliot Lake, Ontario. Photo, Larry Bradfish.

Fall Field Trip Students in the Field by Anthony Pollington In October 2011 a group of 13 Weeks Hall Exploring southwest Wisconsin residents went on the annual fall fieldtrip, planned by Shannon Graham and Anthony Pollington. We explored the bluffs of the Mississippi and the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin. Highlights included hunting for Ordovician fossils, discussing Wisconsin’s glacial history (and lack thereof in this area), hiking at Devil’s Lake and the newly reopened Parfrey’s Glen. We had great times around campfires, playing games like, “guess who’s going to get lost on the way back from the bathroom,” and watching an impromptu interpretive play about glaciers performed by Susanna Webb, Nicole Braudy, Helena Menendez, Ellen Syracuse, and Andrew Overlooking the Wisconsin and Mississippi Rivers at Wyalusing State Park. Left to right: Walters. It was a wonderful weekend getting Alex Teel, Andrew Walters, Shannon Graham, Susanna Webb, Andria Ellis, Jessica Feenstra, to know each other, seeing great geology and Helena Menendez, JoAnn Gage, Carolyn Streiff, Joe Kington, Nicole Braudy, exploring our beautiful state. Support was Photo courtesy of Anthony Pollington. Anthony Pollington, and Ellen Syracuse. provided by the department and BP. l

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 17 Field Research In Ethiopia by Brad Singer

In early March, undergraduate student surprise was teeming Allie Macho, lab manager Brian Jicha, and with wild boars, oryx, I headed to Ethiopia to collect samples of ostriches, camels, and extensive sequences of basaltic lava flows in gazelles. Accommoda- the Afar rift thought to record back-to-back tions in the outpost geomagnetic field reversals that occurred of Semera on the about 2.1 million years ago. The aim is to cor- Djibouti-Addis Ababa The research team at Dobi. From left: Tesfaye Kidane, Brad Singer, relate the magnetic field behavior recorded in road were courtesy Max Brown, Allie Macho, Brian Jicha, and Mahlet Adamu. two lava sections at Gamarri Lake and Dobi, of the president Ethiopia with records in lava flows at Reunion of the province in Island, southern Argentina, and the Huckle- the local military berry Ridge tuff at Yellowstone National Park, barracks. The as a well as sediments cored from the North president insisted Atlantic Ocean and use these records to better that during our understand dynamo processes that cause field field work in the reversals. This project is supported mainly by Afar rift valley we the NSF and is a collaboration between my were to be accom- group, Josh Feinberg (University of Min- panied at all times nesota), Max Brown (Potsdam University, by two armed Germany) and Tesfaye Kidane (Addis Ababa police officers, University). Allie was able to participate Mohammed and thanks to support from the Shell undergradu- Ahmed. As our ate research fund. She is currently completing two 4WD vehicles 40 39 On our way to the research site we had to get around many obstacles, her senior thesis on the Ar/ Ar geochronol- left the paved road including the Gamarri people who intimidated us with their large knives ogy of the lava sequence at Gamarri Lake. for the 30 mile and guns. Fortunately the King of Gamarri was riding with us, and once Upon landing in Addis Ababa on March trek on jeep tracks we bought corn from the tribe and gave them cigarettes they let us pass. 11th, it was clear that many people in the air- to the Gamarri port were upset at what they had been seeing cliffs where we Gamarri Lake had expanded since Tesfaye on the television or hearing on the radio—the planned to use gasoline powered drills to Kidane had last visited the region so we could magnitude 9 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami sample the lava flows, it became apparent why not drive to the base of the 200 meter tall lava had just struck Japan. During the first couple the police were necessary—every male over section we planned to drill. Instead we hired of days in Addis Ababa, as we prepared for the age of 15 carried an AK-47 rifle and a large camels to porter our food, water, drills, etc. our expedition to Gamarri Lake, which is curved knife. and walked over talus the last three miles to on the far eastern edge of reach the section. It took Ethiopia adjacent to Djibouti, three days to drill 23 lava we also were kept abreast of flows in sweltering 95 politics in Wisconsin during degree heat (in the summer BBC broadcasts. That the it can reach 130 degrees governor had just signed his here!) during which we budget repair bill and 14 state nearly ran out of water. senators who had taken refuge Troupes of baboons that in Illinois were returning to combed the cliffs above our Madison was making headlines heads were curious about in Africa! We left the bustle of the sound of the drills. We Addis on March 13th for a two- had to sleep rough in the day drive to Semera province talus for two nights under and the Gamarri Lake area. mosquito nets. On the first Crossing the Awash river valley night, just after everyone had retired to their rocky in the Afar rift brought us into Our campsite at Lake Gamarri, which was filled with 10 ft long crocodiles a remote desert that to our and hippos. Photos, Brad Singer. beds, the baboons in the (Continued, next page) 18 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Degrees Awarded May–December 2011 Ph.D. Degrees 1992-2010: Investigating the Feasibility of Mo Zhou, Xu, Carbonate-Silicate Interface: Ninfa Bennington, Thurber, Advances in Evaluating Reservoir Pressure Changes from Effect of Biotite and Diopside on the Geophysical Methods at Parkfield, California Low Earth Orbit Precipitation of Callite Polymorphs Matthew W. Knuth, Tobin, Ultrasonic Velocity Daniel S. Murray, Singer, Northern Chunxiao Zhu, Sahai, Role of Cell Wall Measurements in Sheared Granular Layers: Hemisphere Forcing of the Last Deglaciation Structure and Extracellular Polymeric Implications for the Evolution of Dynamic in Southern Patagonia Substances (EPS) in Shielding Against Specific Elastic Moduli of Compositionally-Diverse Raiza R. Quintero, Valley, Oxygen isotope Mineral Toxicity-Implications for Cell Cataclastic Fault Gouges ratios in zircon and garnet: A record of Surface Evolution magmatic processes and contamination Jie Xu, Sahai, Mechanistic Studies of Model Undergraduate Degrees Biomembrane Stability and Bacterial Cell history in the Dinkey Dome peraluminous Devon M. Armstrong Viability at the Oxide-Water Interface granite, Sierra Nevada Batholith Joshua S. Roberts, Wang, Hydrostatic Wyatt M. Bain Masters Degrees Leveling Sensors as Long Baseline Tiltmeters Wesley J. Braga Meagan E. Bosket, Johnson, Tracing the to Evaluate Ground Motion in Two Dylan P. Colon (Physics) build-up to the 7.7 ka climactic eruption at Underground Mines Jamie L. Dillon Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon using John R. Schneider, Tobin/Goodwin, Nicholas T. Dosch (GLE) U-Th isotope geochemistry Relating Fault Zone Structure and Physical Molly L. Finnegan (GLE) Edward Greiner, Sahai, Adsorption of Alpha Properties Using Ultrasonic Velocity: How Kyle W. Fredericks Aminoacids L-Glutamate and L-Aspartate to Mineralogy, Cement Distribution, and Samuel A. Freitag (GLE) Kimberly L. Hoxie p-Al203 Cataclasis Influence the Material Properties Caitlin R. Keating-Bitonti, Peters, The of Sandstones Stephen T. Johnson (Anthropology-Honors Influence of North Atlantic Deep Water on Zhizhang Shen, Xu/Brown, Composition and Certificate in Archaeology) the Global Carbon Cycle During the Late and Microstructure Evolution During Jacob J. Krause Miocene Dolomitization of Wisconsin Ordovician Samantha E. Leone Matthew M. Kogle, Wang, Non-destructive Limestones Dylan P. Loss (Honors) Evaluation of Rock Bolts and Rock Mass Sarah E. Siewert, Singer, Integrating 40Ar/39Ar, Patrick Loureiro (Certificate in Associated with Optical Strain Sensors at the U-Pb, astronomical clocks in the Cretaceous Environmental Studies) Former Homestake Gold Mine Niobrara Formation Lauren L. Meyer (GLE) Aaron E. Masters, Feigl, Interferometric Eric M. Skarman, Carroll, Quantitative Steven L. Rubinyi Synthetic Aperture Radar Analysis and Geographic Analysis of Shortite Paleoburial Ryan F. Shedivy (GLE) Elastic Modeling of Deformation at the Depth, Wilkins Peak Member, Green River Bethany M. Welke Svartsengi Geothermal Field in Iceland, Formation Wyoming Emily E. Woch

(Singer continued) the shore—great! cliffs above us became loud and agitated. We Despite the unexpected wildlife, we learned why when Mohammed bolted upright completed the sampling of the Gamarri sec- and triggered his AK-47 toward a large hyena tion and another section near the salt mines that had appeared in our camp looking for food. of Dobi. Allie has done 40Ar/39Ar experiments No shots were fired, the hyena disappeared into on nine of the lavas at Gamarri. The results the night, but this made it nearly impossible thus far (see figure) suggest that the lavas at to contemplate trying to sleep. The next day, Gamarri record a ~40 kyr period of normal Mohammed pointed out that within 20 meters of magnetic polarity that began at about 2.105 our camp, several crocodiles had hauled out of Ma and ended after 2.067 Ma. The 40Ar/39Ar Gamarri Lake to get some shade in bushes along ages are significantly older than the K-Ar ages acquired by Tesfaye Kidane in 1999. Given Figure, left: The virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) the uncertainteis associated with the ages latitudes obtained from marine sediment cored at ODP site 981 by Channell et al. (2003) record determined from each of the lava flows, the 40 39 the Reunion normal subchron. The lava flows Ar/ Ar data allow us to tentatively correlate at Gamarri, with 40Ar/39Ar ages and uncertainties the Gamarri record with sediments at Ocean shown on right are also thought to record the Drilling Program site 981 in the Atlantic Reunion subchron, however, the ages we have obtained thus far from lava flows with normal Ocean that have been dated using astrochro- polarity are younger than those from ODP site nology (see figure). Together these records 981, suggesting that lava flows at Gamarri are allowing Josh Feinberg and Max Brown may record a distinctly younger geomagnetic excursion known as the Huckleberry Ridge build a model for the field reversal process excursion that occurred about 2.09 Ma. associated with the Reunion subchron. l http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 19 Alumni News —2011

1960s Angeles; my youngest son is in marketing for Trek Stanley Fagerlin, BS 1969, MS 1971 A.J. (Joe) Erickson, Jr., BS 1960, MS 1964 bicycles. I have four grandchildren, smart and [email protected] I was a consultant in mining geology for seven good looking like their grandmother. My house and garage both survived being hit by years after retirement from Exxon in 1998. I have the Merrill, WI tornado of April 10, 2011. Five Peter R. Vogt, MA 1965, fond memories of White Lake with Dr. Dott and acres of woods fared less well. Fifty cords of pulp PhD 1968 Oceanography the basement of Science Hall in Dr. Cameron's logs were removed. Tops and unusable trees [email protected] realm. I have been mostly involved in genealogy are all over and other houses and road which I I got the first UW graduate degree in Oceanogra- rather than geology of late, with considerable couldn't see before are now in plain view. While phy—I was recruited for that because I already had success. I am enjoying three grandsons and one the popples and evergreens will shoot up in the the required ship time on research ships when granddaughter. I celebrated my 75th birthday in next few years the large sugar maples are another the program was initiated. Although "retired" April and 50th wedding anniversary in August. story. I am still enjoying my retirement. The big from the Naval Research Laboratory since late trip this year was a month-long road trip west. Theodore E. (Ted) Jacques, BS 1961 2004, and in the absence of an emeritus type sta- [email protected] tus there, I'm still engaged in a bit of real research. I am a retired independant geologist. I worked Retirement gave me time to widen my research 1970s for Conoco, UnionTexas Petroleum, and E.L. Cox. scope—as evidence there's a new paper (Vogt Robert H. Blodgett, BS 1972 I'm now a custom furniture maker, singer, and and Parrish, 2012, Palaeo-3) just out linking the [email protected] bluegrass guitarist. Middle Miocene shallow marine deposits exposed I continue to enjoy teaching geology at Austin Community College and service to the National Philip H. “Pete” Stark, PhD 1963; in the Calvert Cliffs near my house to global paleo- Association of Geoscience Teachers (NAGT). As Senior Advisor–Board of Visitors. climate issues—particularly the Middle Miocene a NAGT Councilor-at-Large, I chaired a 13-mem- I will receive an AAPG Honorary Member award Climate Optimum (an ironic term indeed!) and ber committee which created the first national at the 2012 Annual Convention in Long Beach. It corresponding relative sea level highs. Venturing organization of two-year college (2YC) geosci- is an honor to join fellow Badger Ray Thomasson still further from my NRL "quad" of deep-ocean ence faculty. Called Geo2YC, the group became among those who have been named an Honorary geophysics and geology, I came up with a new an official division of NAGT in October and has Member. The values of a Geo-Badger education hypothesis for the origin of those mysterious over 100 members. In August I was awarded a and principles of the Wisconsin Idea certainly "knees" produced by baldcypress—I argue they NSF grant to work with Heathter Macdonald (MS resonate in the guidelines for consideration of are evolutionary anachronisms (see Maryland 1976, PhD 1984), Eric Baer, and Jan Hodder on a candidates for this award. It is a treat to realize Naturalist, winter 2011-2012 issue). And STILL three-year project, called SAGE 2YC, to improve that those values are being perpetuated in the further from my professional field, I recently professional development for 2YC geoscience current generation Geo-Badgers at Weeks Hall. wrote two children's books (The Monster Shark's faculty. Cheers to all who made Science Hall such a Tooth and A Most Mysterious Fossil, BarclayBryan My partner Jeff and I took our first-ever trip to memorable and rewarding experience. Press) with the aim of teaching natural history and geology, including fossil collecting "ethics," in the England in search of family roots and British geol- Elwood R. (Woody) Brooks, PhD 1964 guise of science fiction. I also just began collabo- ogy. In Haughley, Suffolk we saw the mid-16th Research Associate at U.C., Davis, since 2001 and rating with a young tenure track prof at the Univ century church built with Cretaceous flint where Senior Fellow of GSA, is still plugging away. He of Maryland in her planned research on biogenic my ancestors were married and buried. We also annually teaches a field workshop in geology at methane in sediments under the Chesapeake Bay. enjoyed the Natural History Museum in London the San Francisco State Univ. Sierra Nevada Field But I haven't given up on the Mid-Oceanic Ridge— and fossil collecting in Lyme Regis. Campus near his home in Sierra City, CA, and just need to get back and revise and resubmit a Barbara Goldman Grundl, BS 1976 is one of ten authors of "Eocene-early Miocene paper on axial volcanism. [email protected] paleotopography of the Sierra Nevada-Great I just completed a teacher certification program Basin-Nevadaplano based on widespread ash-flow Gary D. Rosenberg, BS 1966 to teach elementary children and to teach English tuffs and paleovalleys", to appear in a special issue Our Earth Sciences Department, IndianaU, Pu- as a second language. of Geosphere. dueU, Indianapolis is becoming blessed with sev- eral UW alums: our new chair Kevin Mandernack Our children are grown. Katie graduated from Lloyd C.Furer, PhD 1966 and also Greg Druschel. This year for the first time UWEC with an illustration/web design degree and I retired from the Indiana Geological Survey at in my 32 years at IUPUI, I led our grad students Nick is in his junior year at UW-Madison working Indiana University in 2000. Current activities to Baraboo, with Kevin's encouragement. Charlie hard toward a degree in chemical engineering include subsurface stratigraphy of N. Rocky Byers showed us some sights—more beautiful and and biochemistry. Tim my husband is the chair Mountains and family history research. I now have informative than I remembered. Thanks to Charlie of the School of Freshwater Science at UW- 11 grandchildren. and to my mentor from 1963-66, Bob Dott for the Milwaukee. Dennis M. Howe, BS 1964, MS 1966 rock solid "Wisconsin Experience." Paul La Pointe, MS 1976; PhD 1980 Rock I have oil exploration projects in Powder River Larry Asmus, BS 1968 Mechanics Basin, Wyoming (Permian Minnelusa Formation) LarryAsmus@SBCGlobalNet. [email protected] and in Carbon County Wyoming with drilling I am enjoying retirement. I have two new grand- Another busy year! Did field work in Papua New anticipated in 2012. I am 70 years old. My oldest children: Dahlia Donna Root, and Daniel James Guinea mapping fractures and structures for son runs an internet marketing company in Los Asmus. petroleum exploration and reservoir characteriza-

20 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison of W in another 15 years or so. My and continuing to learn and connect with the three kids are mostly grown up natural world. I created Everyone Outside (www. but they are always your kids and EveryoneOutside.org) to write grants to support need you no matter how old. Life is programs and curriculum development. We good, work and playing trumpet in are enjoying life in Durham. Martha is 14 and a concert band, jazz band, two rock Charlotte is 10. & roll bands, a couple quintets, and sometimes an orchestra, keeps 2000s me amused. My best friend in the Tammy Rauen, BS 2003, MS GLE, 2007 world (my wife Laurie) and I went I am a Project Engineer at Golder Associates Inc., to Alaska this last fall and saw God’s Lakewood, Colorado. I earned my Professional creation in all its beauty. I also got Engineering license (PE) in October 2011. to actually walk on a glacier, and Michael Markgraf, BS 2005 that made the trip as good as it [email protected] could be for me. Rock on everyone Alum Paul LaPointe in the field in New Guinea. [email protected] (pun totally intended). tion. Our field party helicoptered in to a remote I was recently promoted to Senior Geologist/Pe- portion of the country, where we lived with some Jay C. Nania, BS 1984, MS 1987 trographer, Field Operations/Geological Services locals who built a camp out of the jungle. Other [email protected] Managerat Schmitt Technical Services, Inc., Cross than some rice we brought in, we lived subsis- I have now celebrated my 25 year anniversary with Plains, WI. My wife Diane and I celebrated our tence for the bulk of the time in an old-fashioned BP, and continue on as the New Wells Delivery third year of marriage and we celebrated the 1st fly camp. It was quite an experience to be with Team Leader for our Deepwater Western Gulf birthday of our son Mason. the first party that had ever done geological of Mexico business. My team also supports all Jennifer Lewis (Nielsen), MS 2006 reconnaissance and mapping in an unmapped (at deepwater wells across the GoM in providing [email protected] least from the ground) area. We’d spy outcrops specialized services such as shallow hazards I am still teaching full time at Madison Area from our helicopter, and then the locals from analysis, pore pressure prediction and detection, Technical College and enjoying it. I am teaching our field party would hack a path through the biostratigraphy, and wellsite operations. Likewise, General Geology. Earth Science, and Survey of jungle to get there. Sometimes we traveled by I also continue to enjoy my role as a Senior Advi- Oceanography and am serving my college as the pirogue if the outcrops were near the water. I sor to the UW Geoscience Board of Visitors, and Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning's also completed some field work on fracturing in look forward to joining many of my fellow alumni Online Teaching Fellow. One of my roles as on- the Mesaverde in the Uinta Basin, and carried out in supporting the financial needs of the depart- line teaching fellow is to train our faculty in online some major reservoir characterization projects ment, in particular the Student Field Experience pedagogy. My son, Anders William Lewis, joined for fields in Mexico, Kuwait and Abu Dhabi. New Fund. Being in the field was also a theme for my the Lewis family in February 2011! l book: (AAPG Memoir 96) published on uncer- family in 2011 with numerous hiking activities, in- tainty and reservoir characterization. cluding a great trip to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands. Christina – age 16, Jason – age 14, and 1980s Julia – age 12 continue to progress in the sports Alumni Death Notices Judith Brandt, BS 1981 of fencing, cross country and basketball, and soc- Hubert H. Hall, MS 1949, PhD 1953, of Lecomp- I have worked for the Southern Nevada Water cer respectively. They even manage to squeeze in ton, KS, died on September 25, 2010. some school work. My wife Silvia has a busy oph- Authority in Las Vegas since 2001, as a remote- Victor J. Mayer, BS 1956, of Windsor CO, died on thalmology practice at Baylor College of Medicine, sensing analyst. July 26, 2011. He was born in Mayville, Wisconsin. and still serves as the Chief of Ophthalmology at He was a geologist, Earth Systems Scientist, science Greg Kimball, MS 1982 the Veterans Administration in Houston. I'e been an environmental consultant for 25+ educator, Fullbright Fellow, world citizen and lover years and now have been with WSP Environment of the Colorado mountains. & Energy for almost five years. Still like the work 1990s Gary Gianniny, MS 1990, PhD 1995 Joseph J. Mancuso, MS 1957, died in April 2009. (good projects, great clients), the challenge of [email protected] He earned his BS from Carleton College in 1955 figuring out contaminant distribution in complex I was promoted to full professor and awarded and his PhD at Michigan State in 1960. He taught geologies, and working with some great remedia- Fort Lewis College Scholar of the Year Award. We geology at Bowling Green State University for tion engineers to get it fixed. I have also been had two great visits to Madison this year to see 35 years. In 2007 He was the winner of the Lake volunteering my time with a non-profit group Bob and Nancy Dott. Cynthia (Dott) is now an as- Superior Institute on Geology Goldich Medal. He (World Hope International) to try to maximize sociate professor of biology at Fort Lewis College also established the Mancuso Family Scholarship for well drilling efforts in Sierra Leone, Africa and and both of our kids Cari and Gordon are in high Field Studies at Bowling Green. bring clean water to people. It’s very frustrating school. George A. Desborough, PhD 1966, of Golden trying to help the drilling teams with almost no Colorado, died in August 2010. data so if anyone knows where I can get some real Lucy Meigs, MS 1990, PhD 1994 data (drilling logs, geophysical survey results) for [email protected] Stephen Vihel, BS 2001, died Dec. 1, 2011, in Sierra Leone please contact me. I worked as a professional hydrogeologist in Tucson, AZ, at the age of 31 of a congenital heart My granddaughter is three years old. She loves Albuquerque. After moving to Durham, CT, I have defect. In October he had received a mechanical the rocks and minerals in my computer room so gradually transitioned to working as an outdoor heart in anticipation of a transplant. Steve was the maybe we will have a new geology student for U educator. I am loving spending time outdoors well-known owner of a popular Tucson bike shop. l http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 21 Faculty News —2011 Jean Bahr Phil Brown to optimize learning. The (successful!) search for a new faculty The last year sure was eventful—unwanted but As I have described on pages 16-17 Carl member in hydrogeology kept me quite busy in well deserved national publicity as the university Bowser and I really enjoyed organizing and the spring semester, both with hosting interview seeks a path to survival over the coming years. leading a 4-day White Lake Reunion trip in early candidates and with a graduate seminar in which Twelve blocks west of the capitol I continue to October. The weather was great and the alums we read and critiqued papers by the finalists. be very busy teaching largely undergraduate (and spouses and children) had a great time – In addition, my final year as a GSA officer courses, collaborating on several research fronts well worth the effort. included trips to section meetings in Pittsburgh, internationally, and serving the professional My immediate family is well—Jason got Wilmington NC, New Orleans, and Logan Utah. community. married to Liz and the fact that they live about a As at previous sections meetings, I enjoyed both In February I chaired one of two Geoscience mile from us is very nice although as busy as we the science and the chance to talk with a host panels for the NSF Graduate Research Fellow- all are, we commonly go multiple weeks without of enthusiastic students who are at the start of ships—nearly 300 wonderful proposals suggest- seeing each other. They continue a long process their careers in geoscience. I also enjoyed field ing to me that our science broadly defined has a of renovating the inside of their house that trips to see landslides in western Pennsylvania, rich future ahead of it—lots of very good people allows me the vicarious pleasure of destruction/ the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, and springs with interesting ideas. In March I chaired a more construction without the dust being in my family in the mountains above Logan. Sharing teaching focused evaluation effort of over 100 graduate room. At least we have moved most of his be- of Environmental Geology with Chuck DeMets research proposals for the Society of Economic longings out of our house! Peter and Abbey have facilitated that travel schedule. Geology—mineral deposits research is a popular moved to Bloomington, Indiana where Abbey In the summer, I offered the three week field world wide. has begun law school and Peter is working in the hydrogeology field methods course. We used After teaching the Minerals as a Public Issue IT area at Indiana University. Karin has finished some of the field exercises to gather data for a (Problem) course in the spring, I taught four a two-year MBA and Masters in Sports Manage- Water Resources Management project exploring weeks of the field camp in Utah. Enrollments ment program at U. Mass and continues as the the use of treated wastewater as a source of continue to be strong with 51 total students assistant coach at Amherst while waiting for the groundwater recharge in the Madison area. including 15 who signed up through UW. The right head-coaching job to open up. Kris contin- We also travelled north to the Chequamegon gold mining industry in Nevada continues to hire ues to manage the only library in the Madison National Forest to collect data on groundwater- several students from our field camp every sum- public schools with an active instructional surface water interactions in MS student Aaron mer—this has turned out to be a great partner- program—a real feat in the face of the beating Pruitt’s field area and conducted a pumping ship. The college has unexpectedly provided us that public education, at all levels, is taking in test at the monitoring well nest established by with the opportunity to explore a new funding Wisconsin. PhD student Chris Gellasch, who is studying model for field camp going forward. On the plus Anders Carlson potential pathways for virus migration from near side we will now be able to enroll students from 2011 was another good year for the Quaternary surface sources to deep bedrock aquifers. In any college or university for the same fees that Research group. Dan Murray, co-advised with the late summer, I had the opportunity to visit we charge our own students – this perhaps will Brad Singer, finished his MS on the onset of Biosphere II near Tucson while attending a GSA ensure strong enrollments into the future. How- valley glacier retreat in southern Patagonia and Leadership retreat. ever with our own growing crop of majors we its implications for the forcing(s) of global degla- The fall offering of hydrogeology attracted will need to make sure that Field Camp doesn’t ciation. Kelsey Winsor passed her preliminary almost 50 students, a recent record (although grow too big for the Chateau and our ability to exams in August, advancing to dissertator status. not as high as in the mid-90s). With the staff it. She and Dave Ullman also conducted research increasing number of new geology and I taught the mineralogy class during the in Labrador just after her examination, making geological engineering majors, I expect that fall to 50 students—a massive jump from the for a “hectic” period. Kelsey also received a course to remain well subscribed in the next few nine students enrolled in the fall of 2010. These “best student presentation” award for 2010 AGU years. New PhD student Steve Sellwood joined students were shoehorned into two lab sections presentation on her MS research on glacial-inter- the hydro group in September. Steve plans and we were very thankful for the 24 new petro- glacial fluctuations in Labrador Sea temperature, to build on former MS student Andy Leaf’s graphic microscopes acquired earlier in the year. which is now in revision at Paleoceanography. work with downhole distributed temperature Simultaneously I co-taught our Introduction to Dave Ullman is continuing on his research sensing (currently in press in Ground Water) Geologic Structures class that had an enrollment on the last deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice to characterize preferential flow zones in clastic of 63—all indications are that these unprec- Sheet and received a NSF Doctoral Dissertation bedrock aquifers. A fall highlight was getting edented enrollments will continue for the next Research Award in May for his study of the onset to see many former hydrobadgers at the GSA few years at least. From my point of view the of deglaciation in Wisconsin. Alberto Reyes annual meeting in Minneapolis. I particularly biggest problem with these huge classes is when joined the group as a post doc in January after appreciated the hospitality and assistance of we try to go to the field for labs or overnight finishing his PhD at U. Alberta-Edmonton, and Matt Swanson and Laura Pugh when my Prius trips—buses instead of vans and our inability to is constructing the extent of the south Green- hybrid battery died as I was about to drive back interact with all the students in the field as they land Ice Sheet over the last 400,000 years. He to Madison. work to improve their observational skills. Our received his first “taste” of Greenland this sum- teaching assistants are great but budgetary con- mer spending a month on the island. Former straints mean there really aren’t enough of them Quat Lisa Colville’s MS thesis on the extent of

22 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison the south Greenland Ice Sheet during the last analyze the (constitutive) relationship between interglaciation was published in July in Science impulse and response. The impulse—the net with co-authors Brian Beard, Alberto Reyes and volume of water injected into or withdrawn Dave Ullman, and received international press from the reservoir—is known from the history coverage. The group published six papers this of production and injection. The responses— year and gave 18 presentations at GSA, AGU, the subsidence and seismicity, as well as pressure International Union for Quaternary Research and temperature in other wells—can be Congress in Bern, and the Arctic Workshop in measured using geophysical techniques. Montreal. John Fournelle Chuck DeMets My wife Judi Munaker accompanied me to My research efforts in 2011 were focused in the Europe this spring (no adventures with volcanic Caribbean, Central America, and Mexico, where clouds causing us to migrate south this time), I have been combining continuous and episodic prior to attending the European Microbeam high-precision GPS measurements with a variety Analysis Society in Angiers, France. We were of geophysical modeling techniques to study able to visit one of the early pioneers in regional-scale tectonics and active faulting since microanalysis, Peter Duncumb, in Cambridge, the mid-1990s. In April of 2011, I learned that where I interviewed him for the Microanalysis NSF funded four more years of my GPS work One of the early pioneers in microanalysis, Society’s oral history series. Back in France, in Mexico, where I have worked since the mid- Peter Duncumb, left, and John Fournelle in several days were spent south of Paris with 1990s with assorted investigators and agencies Cambridge, England. Photo, John Fournelle. Emmanuel de Chambost, comparing historical to study transient strain phenomenon and long- notes (he just wrote the definitive history of term strain buildup associated with the Mexico he has accepted full-time employment there. CAMECA, having himself worked there a couple subduction zone. The M=9 Tohoku, Japan Post-doctoral research associate S. Tabrez of decades with SIMS development). Together earthquake of March 2011 was a wake-up call Ali and I are making great progress on a clever we visited the University of Paris at Orsay, that our long-held expectation of a maximum- scheme for optimizing complicated numerical where Raymond Castaing (who built the first magnitude 8.2-8.4 earthquake along the Mexico models that describe image data from satellite functional electron microprobe) and Andre subduction zone could be wrong, as similar radar interferometry (InSAR). Now that we have Guinier (his thesis supervisor) together with expectations were proved wrong in Japan by the completed the nitty-gritty technical details of Jacques Friedel founded the Solid State Physics Tohoku earthquake. Russian scientist Dr. Serge validating the technique, we are looking forward branch in 1959. In a dusty old cupboard, we Merkouriev spent two months working in my to applying it to several large signals, including: located some long lost documents from the lab in May and October of 2011, continuing our viscoelastic relaxation following the Krafla Fires first years of the electron microprobe, including long-term study of global plate motions since 20 rifting event in northern Iceland, two intrusions the original copy of Castaing’s thesis. Earlier Myr. In July, I reciprocated by visiting his native and an eruption at Eyjafjallajökull volcano in in 2011, I got involved with trying to analyze St. Petersburg, a wonderful mid-summer destina- Iceland; Okmok volcano in Alaska (with graduate some tiny (<1 micron) crystals of iron silicide tion. student Summer Ohlendorf and Cliff found by Mike Spicuzza in lunar soil; this This fall, my PhD students Shannon Thurber); the earthquake deformation cycle analytical project turned out to be a stumper, Graham and Bryn Benford each submitted in Mexico (with graduate student Shannon and now Phil Gopon (MS 2010) is working on for review their respective modeling studies of Graham and Chuck DeMets), as well as the a PhD project with me attempting to solve the active deformation in Honduras and Jamaica. Laguna del Maule volcanic field in the Andean “soft x-ray” problem for material such as this. In Both hope to finish their degrees in 2012. Southern Volcanic Zone (with Brad Singer and July I gave an invited presentation on electron Last, but not least, I received satisfying others). microprobe standards at the yearly Microscopy recognition for my career accomplishments via At Laguna del Maule, the rate of uplift, as & Microanalysis conference in Nashville. And in my selection as a 2011 AGU Fellow and a Kellett measured by InSAR, is at least 180 millimeters September I presented my “Anchorage urban Mid-Career award from UW-Madison. The latter per year, or more than three times faster than history” research at the annual meeting of the will provide much-needed flexible research the growth rate of a human fingernail! Since this Alaska Historical Society. funds for my ongoing projects over the next rate is also faster than observed during intrusive three years. I only hope that 2012 can be half of episodes at Yellowstone or Eyjafjallajökull in Dana Geary what 2011 was! 2010, I became quite interested indeed. Tabrez I enjoyed the second half of my sabbatical and I are convinced that the signal is the result during the winter-spring of 2011, working mostly Kurt Feigl of magmatic intrusion at depth. on projects involving mollusc shell chemistry In May, Aaron Masters successfully defended 2011 was a year of many proposals. To quote (stable isotopes and Sr/Ca) and its relation to his MS thesis entitled, Interferometric synthetic Dickens, “It was the best of times, it was the environment. aperture radar analysis and elastic modeling worst of times.” The best outcome was a grant I have new NSF funding for a collaborative of deformation at the Svartsengi geothermal with Herb Wang from the U.S. Department project with colleagues at Cornell/PRI and field in Iceland, 1992 to 2010: feasibility of a of Energy to study the geologic “F-word”. the University of South Florida to compare reverse impulse-response evaluation of reser- Also known as “stimulating” or “enhancing”, evolutionary tempo and mode in various mollusc voir pressure from low Earth orbit. Following the technique serves to increase their power lineages from icehouse (Florida Plio-Pleistocene) an internship with ConocoPhillips in Houston, production of a geothermal field. We want to and greenhouse (Western Interior and Gulf perform a hydro-mechanical experiment to (continued, next page) http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 23 (Geary, continued) Coast Cretaceous) intervals. We did some nice field work in Wyoming and northern Colorado during the summer. My family and I spent the summer in Colorado—Rob and I worked on manuscripts, the girls had various volunteer jobs, and we all logged as many trail miles as possible. We also did some college touring, as this new Pictured: A field trip to Yellowstone National Park August 2011 with faculty, students, and postdocs connected to the UW-NASA interval is just around Astrobiology Institute project—see Eric Roden's report, page 25. the corner for us: Sarah Left: Orange microbial biofilm at Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone. is a high school senior, Above: UW-Madison students, post-docs, and faculty at Yellowstone's Molly a sophomore. Very interesting to see fault-related changes Norris Geyser Basin. Photos, Clark Johnson. universities from “the other side!” in velocity at the meter In the fall, Ray Ostrander arrived as a new scale. Dana and I are zooming off in a totally cyclostratigraphy, graduate student Wasinee paleo grad student. He will do his MS degree on new direction, using the paleomagnetic record Aswasereelert’s investigation of the Green River cardiid bivalve evolution as part of the icehouse- of pseudotachylyte (frictional melt produced at Formation is in post-revision review with GSA greenhouse NSF project. seismic strain rates) in low-angle normal faults Bulletin (with Alan Carroll, Shanan Peters, to answer the contentious question of whether Kurt Feigl and Michael Smith). Graduate Laurel Goodwin the faults produced earthquakes in their current student Andrew Walters also joined our group 2011 began and ended with the publication of orientations. We are jazzed about working with last fall to evaluate repetitive sedimentary (micro) papers documenting evidence of the beautiful in-house collaborator Brad Singer and external facies of the Green River using XRF scanning. complexity of deep crustal flow in the granulite collaborators Josh Feinberg and Matt Heizler The most exciting professional development facies rocks of the Arunta Region in the Red on this project. Andria will also participate, of 2011 was the selection of my NSF CAREER Center of Australia. JoAnn Gage’s MS research determining whether exposures of these rocks proposal for funding. Titled Deciphering the and a piece of Chloë Bonamici’s PhD research are sufficient to back out additional information Beat of a Timeless Rhythm—The Future of share common features: both are field-based about earthquake source parameters. 2012 will Astrochronology, this work compliments the projects that integrate never-out-of-fashion be a fun year! Cretaceous geochronology project, and another observations made at a range of scales with NSF-sponsored project to evaluate orbital- new techniques or concepts. Both represent Stephen Meyers insolation versus stochastic controls on climate significant contributions to our understanding It’s been an exciting two years since joining over the past 36 Ma. Regarding the latter study, of the structural and tectonic history of this the Geoscience faculty. This past year saw the Wasinee Aswasereelert presented work on fascinating region. rapid fruition of several collaborations with Miocene paleoclimate records at the Fall AGU My research group underwent a significant UW-Madison colleagues, including an article with meeting, and graduate student Miao Du joined shift in 2011, as John Schneider (co- Brad Singer and Sarah Siewert (et al.) on the our group last fall, with an interest in evaluating supervised with Harold Tobin) finished his intercalibration of radioisotopic and astronomical non-linear climate dynamics. MS thesis and new students Dana Smith, Kyle clocks during the Cenomanian/Turonian, and Also of note is an in-press publication with Fredericks (also co-supervised with Harold publication of a study with Shanan Peters that Andrew Dale (GEOMAR) et al. using state-of- Tobin), and Andria Ellis (co-supervised with provides evidence for a 56 Myr rhythm in North the-art reactive-transport modeling to evaluate Basil Tikoff and Chuck DeMets—as if one American sedimentation during the Phanerozoic, geochemical and paleoenvironmental change of us weren’t a big enough burden), came defining most of Larry Sloss’ original cratonic during OAE 2. And while the focus of the XRF on board. They’ve brought a lot of positive sequences and showing a close relationship scanning has been cyclostratigraphy, graduate energy into the Craddock wing. John’s work to marine biologic diversity. The Cretaceous student Ian Orland began using the method to demonstrated that shear deformation bands geochronology study is the first major product evaluate speleothems, and with colleagues at Yale in quartz-rich sandstones enhance ultrasonic of an NSF-sponsored project to revise the Late University, we’ve produced data to investigate velocity, particularly when waves travel parallel Cretaceous time scale (with Brad Singer and the Holocene African Humid period, both of to deformation bands. Kyle plans to build on Brad Sageman, Northwestern Univ.). Graduate which were presented at the fall AGU meeting. this study by systematically investigating the student Chao Ma generated data in the new XRF A source of continual amazement and effects of variable amounts of clay in sandstone scanner lab to extend the C/T cyclostratigraphic inspiration for everything I do, my son Teal is on both deformation band fault-zone character work, and he presented his initial findings at now almost two years old. His big trip for 2011 and ultrasonic velocity. He will also build the the annual GSA meeting. Further exploring was to the Netherlands, where I gave an invited first ‘laboratory on the outcrop’ to investigate the interface of macrostratigraphy and talk at Utrecht University.

24 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Chris Johnson observes iron oxide formation among biofilms in a Yellowstone stream. Photo, Clark Johnson. fractionation under UW-Madison Yellowstone field trip participants, L to R, back: Huifang Xu, Shanan Peters both abiotic and Clark Johnson, Liz Percak-Dennett, Meagan Bosket, Andy Czaja, There are good years and there are less good Fangfu Zhang, Weiqiang Li, Ed Greiner. Front: Eric Roden, Matti Urrutia, microbial iron years, but by all accounts 2011 was the best Alan Roden, Anna Roden, Ji Xu, Chris Johnson. Photo, Clark Johnson. I’ve had so far. In the spring, Caitlin Keating- oxide reducing Bitonti successfully defended a great MS thesis conditions. A large portion of this work was and our new friend and colleague Dr. Eric Boyd on deep sea sedimentation and the Late Miocene driven by postdoc Lingling Wu, who will join from Montana State University, we worked our carbon isotope excursion, which I co-advised the faculty at the University of Waterloo in way through virtually all the major hot spring with Clay Kelly. Ben Linzmeier also defended Canada in March. Lingling’s fourth paper on environments, cramming our brains full of a his MS thesis on SIMS analysis of Nautilus growth this subject, now in press, synthesizes a large (sometimes smelly) combination of microbiology, bands, which I co-advised with John Valley. My body of data and concepts related to the origin geochemistry, and volcanic geology. Good things first PhD student, Dave Lovelace, accepted a of Fe fractionations in Precambrian rocks. NASA have come from our brief but fascinating sojourn full-time job offer from BP and will be moving to Astrobiology Institute (NAI) graduate student at YNP, including some data on microbes and iron Anchorage after defending his dissertation on Liz Percak-Dennett made a nice contribution isotopes in an acidic hot spring that is making its the Triassic system in the western U.S. in 2012, to this line of inquiry in a paper describing way into a new collaborative NAI proposal. and Deb Rook passed her preliminary exams for her MS research on iron isotope fractionation PhD candidacy. Noel Heim was also promoted coupled to microbial reduction of a novel iron Bradley Singer to Assistant Scientist and continues to play an oxide/silica coprecipitate that mimic iron oxide 2011 was another eventful year for my program. important role in keeping many different projects phases likely to have been the starting material In March, senior honors undergraduate student moving forward. Some new people also joined for Archean and Neoproterozoic Banded Iron Allie Macho, Brian Jicha, and I travelled to the group. Tim Foltz started a MS project on the Formations. Iron figured prominently in other Ethiopia for two weeks to collect samples from Sauk Sequence in Montana and I was fortunate to work as well, in particular a new paper by lava flow sections exposed in the Afar Rift Valley hire Senior Programmer Analyst Puneet Kishor, former UW postdoc Aaron Coby documenting (see page 18). This is part of an NSF grant to a creative geospatial data-focused fellow who is the potential for sustained redox cycling of iron determine the precise timing of a geomagnetic helping to build some innovative new interfaces linked to oxidation of ferrous iron with nitrate field excursion recored in the lavas. Allie has for interacting with geological data. by the same bacteria responsible for production made great progress dating these lava flows By far the biggest event of 2011 for me of the ferrous iron in the first place! This paper for her thesis. Sarah Siewert completed her personally was my successful promotion to helps to unravel the potential complexities of MS thesis on the geochronology of Coniacian- Associate Professor with tenure in December. how iron may cycle in low-temperature earth Campanian strata in the Rocky Mountains and Receiving an NSF CAREER award, having a paper surface environments, a topic at the heart of two Dan Murray completed his MS thesis on the published in Science, receiving an Honored short-review style papers published by yours chronology of late-glacial climate change in Instructor award this fall, and being tapped truly and other iron-pumping colleagues from Patagonia. Sarah is now at BP in Houston, and by the Provost’s office to lead a campus-wide Canada and Germany as well as the U.S. We also Dan is with the Wisconsin State Geological survey. initiative in Earth science data integration helped enjoyed success in explicating key quantitative Mike Smith, Toni Simo, and I presented a round out nine great semesters here in Madison. aspects of microbial respiratory metabolism paper on a new Ordovician Time Scale at the I look forward to this next phase of my career, in general, including a literature review paper Minneapolis GSA meeting. I also co-authored a and to enjoying my new flat on the near eastside, that demonstrated a direct correlation between couple of GSA presentations with Steve Meyers near Orton Park and the Weary Traveler. cell growth yield and the free energy available and Chao Ma. New graduate student Nathan for microbial energy metabolism. Fun stuff Andersen joined my group in the fall and is Eric Roden for geochemistry-loving microbe lovers! But working with me on the geochemical evolution of The geomicrobiology group had a busy and nothing was more fun than the field trip to the Laguna del Maule volcanic field in the Chilean productive 2011, participating in ten publications Yellowstone National Park (YNP) in August Andes. I lead the preparation and submittal and 14 conference presentations. Similar to 2011 with faculty, students, and postdocs of a large proposal to the NSF to undertake recent years, much effort was directed toward connected to the UW NAI project (photos pages geophysical, geochemical, and modeling studies experimental studies of stable iron isotope 24, 25). With expert guidance from UW NAI (continued, next page) commander-in-chief Professor Clark Johnson http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 25 (Singer, continued) tion has taken its place. In contrast, my research the oceanic trench, changing some of our ideas of this unusual volcanic field—where surface group has remained relatively stable, with new of how subduction zones work. Nankai drilling is uplift of nearly 18 cm a year has been occurring graduate student Jessica Feenstra joining oth- now all the more vital to understand how. since 2007 and a large amount of rhyolitc magma ers working in the area of volcano seismology. I enjoyed many department visits as a Earth- has leaked to the surface in the last 24,000 years. Assistant Scientists Jeremy Pesicek and Ellen scope Distinguished Lecturer in 2011, giving This project on caldera inception is forging Syracuse both were successful in getting NSF talks at Scripps Institute of Oceanography as exciting new collaborations with Cliff Thurber, proposals funded, on the 2010 earthquakes in well as the universities of Oregon, Minnesota, Chuck DeMets, Kurt Feigl, Jeremy Pesicek, Chile and Christchurch, respectively. Post-doc and Wyoming. In the early summer, I tried out Clark Johnson, Brian Beard, Brian Jicha, Emily Montgomery-Brown continued her something new, spending two weeks in a studio and Tabrez Ali, as well as investigators at five work on Kilauea Volcano. Ninfa Bennington recording 36 video lectures on Oceanography other universities in the US, Canada, and Chile. I defended her PhD thesis on joint geophysical for the Great Courses company (a.k.a. The took on the responsibilites of Department Chair inversions and transitioned to a post-doctoral Teaching Company) lecture series. It was the precisely as the university began to grapple with position here. As for my continuing graduate hardest teaching I have ever done, lecturing to a very significant reduction in support from the students, Alex Teel passed his PhD preliminary three cameras in an empty studio! Oceanog- state government, a topic that I only wish I could exam, focused mainly on the structure beneath raphy: Exploring Earth’s Final Wilderness was avoid! As Chair, it was however, quite invigorating the Sacramento River Delta, Summer Ohlen- released in November and is available through to meet more than 130 enthusiastic GeoBadgers dorf transitioned from volcano seismology to the Great Courses web site. Meanwhile, Matt at our GSA reception at Hells Kitchen and about volcano geodesy applied to Okmok Volcano Knuth completed his PhD and moved to New 50 more of you at the fall AGU reception. My and co-advised by Kurt Feigl, and Helena Orleans for a position with Shell, John Schnei- daughter Zoe continues to flourish in her senior Menendez continued her research on the der finished his MS and went to Chevron in year at Kettle Moraine High School. She was seismic structure of Long Valley Caldera. Junior Houston, and Carolyn Streiff was working hard recently accepted to attend both UW-Madison undergraduate Dana Peterson spent the sum- to complete her MS as the year came to a close. and the University of Chicago and thus has some mer studying nonvolcanic tremor beneath the PhD student Joe Kington (photo) and postdoc interesting choices to make. Teri and I began San Andreas Fault and presented posters on her Jo Tudge traveled with me to Barcelona, Spain looking at houses in Madison and 2012 will be work at the Southern California Earthquake Cen- for a workshop followed by a fantastic field the year of the big move. ter and American Geophysical Union meetings. trip to the Ainsa Basin in the foothills of the Other 2011 highlights include co-leading two Pyrenees, where we got up close and personal Clifford Thurber GeoPRISMS (formerly MARGINS) workshops with forearc basin sediments and tectonics. 2011 was a year of numerous transitions for me. on Subduction Cycles and Deformation, par- I went to New Zealand for an excellent small I ended my three-year term as department chair ticipating as an instructor in the Pan-American conference on slow earthquakes in subduction and began a postponed year-long sabbatical. Advanced Studies Institute, "New Frontiers in zones held right on top of a slow slip zone on Two major research projects ended in 2011, Seismological Research: Sustainable Networks, the east coast of the North Island, followed by but several others are continuing and five new Earthquake Source Parameters, and Earth Struc- work on a new proposal for IODP drilling at projects have begun, two of them involving work ture," in Quito, Ecuador, and co-chairing a fall NZ’s Hikurangi Trench. This is complementary in New Zealand. The first edition of my inverse AGU special session on Geophysical Character- to a new project working with NZ colleagues on theory textbook went out of print and a new edi- ization of Magmatic Systems. drilling and sampling the Alpine Fault on land on the South Island. To help keep all these and Harold Tobin other projects going, I welcomed new students The Earth is keeping those of us interested Tamara Jeppson, Susanna Webb, and Kyle in subduction zone faults, earthquakes, and Fredericks into my research group this fall. tsunami very busy lately! 2011 was a year of 2012 is shaping up to be even busier with fault globetrotting and transitions for me and for drilling projects proliferating! my research group. The March 11 magnitude 9 earthquake and ensuing disastrous tsunami John Valley in Japan did not occur on the Nankai Trough 2011 was a wonderful year. In August, I went subduction zone where we have been working to the International Eclogite Conference in the for years (see 2006 Outcrop cover story); it was Czech Republic where Gordon Medaris gave 800 kilometers away to the north in the Japan the opening comments as Elder Statesman Trench. Nevertheless, it had a huge impact on of high-pressure metamorphism and Ashley both our science in general and ocean drilling Russell presented her MS research on oxygen plans in particular. The scientific drilling ship isotope zoning in high-pressure garnets. Chikyu was in port in the region inundated by After the meeting Gordon ran a field trip (see the tsunami and sustained substantial dam- photo page 28). Over real Budweiser beer, we age (only quick action and some good luck heard stories of his early fieldwork when these prevented injuries to those on board). Our fabulous eclogite localities were yet unstudied Grad student Joe Kington should really plans for a 2011 Nankai drilling expedition were behind the Iron Curtin. Counting Ashley, I be wearing a hard hat as he checks out postponed until 2012 while the ship went for had eight graduate students last year using turbidites and mass transport complexes repairs. Scientifically, the earthquake showed the WiscSIMS lab for their research. Raiza here beneath an overhang in the Ainsa for the first time that a megathrust can actually Quintero finished her MS on peraluminous Basin, northern Spain. Photo, Harold Tobin. slip 60-80 meters in one go, and all the way to granites of the Sierra Nevada and landed a job 26 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Ariel Strickland, Travis Tenner, Taka went to the University of Tokyo to attend a con- Ushikubo, and Ken Williford. We were sad ference on fiber-optic sensors organized by our to see Ayumi and Kevin leave last year for Texas collaborator, Professor Tomochika Tokunaga. A&M and Univ. of Lille, respectively. This group ‘Tomo’ spent 1996-97 in Madison as a post-doc. assists outside users of the lab, conducts their While in Japan we installed four water-level sen- own awesome research, and publishes too sors as two tilt arms in a vault of the Earthquake many papers to name, on far-ranging topics Research Institute about 70-km southwest of including single forams and diatoms, stardust, Tokyo. Other activities related to the project chondrules, metamorphic core complexes, were a visit to the laboratory of Dr. Rudi Giese Astrobiology, and Archean microfossils. What 150-meters deep in the Reiche Zeche mine in could be better? One thing. Andrée and I Freiberg, Germany and a couple of days along the became grandparents in November with the Calapooia River near Corvallis, Oregon to observe birth of Sophia Valley to Matthew and Claire an experiment of John Selker in which fiber-optic in Paris. We went over for the New Year and cable was laid in the water to test a technology helped push the stroller over Montmartre and called Distributed Acoustic Sensing. I taught rock through the Latin Quarter. mechanics in the spring semester and a seminar on poroelasticity in fall, which included a model- Herb Wang ing component using the ABAQUS software. I 2011 was the middle year of our three-year also taught a Freshman Interest Group (FIG) on project to study rock behavior in underground Oil, Water and Climate. The 18 students were Grad student Ashley Russell in the facilities. Most of our field work was in the Czech Republic where she presented her co-enrolled in Econ 100 and Geology 106 (Envi- research at the Ninth International Eclogite Homestake Gold mine in Lead, SD, which is ronmental Geology). Conference. Photo, John Valley. now called the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF). JoAnn Gage (PhD, x2012) at BP. Ben Linzmeier is almost done in his Huifang Xu developed and installed two-meter-long, fiber- Graduate students Mo Zhou and Zhizhang MS study using micron-scale oxygen isotope optic sensors in a small alcove beside the drift at Shen (co-advised by Phil Brown) defended zoning to track depth migration of nautilus, the 4100-ft depth level in February. This trip was their master theses in the summer. Mo worked co-advised by Shanan Peters, and will continue followed by another in May in which JoAnn ap- on effects of silicate minerals on nucleation and for a PhD. Ian Orland has completed a major plied a 10-ton load with a hydraulic jack between growth of Ca-Mg-carbonate minerals in order investigation of climate change since the the floor and ceiling to induce deformation. She to understand long-term immobilization of last glacial maximum based on speleothems applied 100 tons in January 2012. A trip in June sequestrated carbon dioxide. Zhizhang studied from Soreq Cave in Israel. Jason Huberty, in with Fermilab physicist Jim Volk, GLE professor microstructural evolution during dolomitization addition to camping three weeks in the State Dante Fratta, and Matt Kogle (MS Aug. 2011) of limestone using EBSD and Z-contrast imaging Capitol Building last winter and regular noon included installing 12 Hydrostatic Level Sensors techniques. Graduate student Fangfu Zhang sessions singing in the Rotunda, published at the 4850-ft level as well as ultrasonic sounding (co-advised by Eric Roden) has discovered that his work on silicon substitution in magnetite. of rock bolts. Matt and his wife Bridgette are join- certain polysaccharides adsorbed on calcite or Fortunately, Jason didn’t bring his drum to ing the Peace Corps as teachers in Ghana. Josh dolomite surfaces can catalyze dolomite growth. work. Chloë Bonamici published her PhD Roberts completed his thesis (MS Aug. 2011) He also investigated dolomite crystallization in work on titanites from a major mylonite zone on tilt data from the Homestake Mine and the the presence of hydrogen sulfide using in-situ in the Adirondacks. Oxygen isotope zoning in Lafarge limestone mine along the Fox River near AFM. Fangfu’s discoveries will shed new light on these crystals demonstrates arrested diffusion Fermilab. He is now working as a hydrogeologist solving the “dolomite problem” that has puzzled profiles which show that cooling and uplift of with ARCADIS in Knoxville. Professor Fratta and I the Grenville belt was episodic and far faster (continued, next page) than previously thought. Anthony Pollington published his studies of oxygen isotope gradients across single quartz overgrowths in Mt. Simon sandstone of the Illinois Basin, which document quartz cementation over 100 myr during burial and heating. Two new students joined my group, Tyler Blum who is studying caldera-forming rhyolites of the Snake River Plain and Gabriella March, co-advised with Huifang Xu, who is studying metastable carbonates from alkaline springs in serpentinite of the California Coast Range. Meanwhile, the engine room of the WiscSIMS Lab is powered by an amazing group of nine post-docs and scientists working with Noriko Kita and me: GeoBadgers at 57th Annual Meeting of Institute on Lake Superior Geology Ayumi Hyodo, Kouki Kitajima, Reinhard (May 19-20, 2011), Ashland, WI. From left to right: Marcia Bjornerud (PhD, 1987; Kozdon, Kevin Lepot, Daisuke Nakashima, Lawrence University), Gordon Medaris (Goldich Medalist), Laurel Woodruff (USGS), and Huifang Xu (Keynote speaker). http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 27 (Xu, continued) geologists for decades. Graduate student Tina Hill continues her study on micro- and nano-phase minerals in pyroxenes from ultra-high pres- sure metamorphic rocks supplied by Gordon Medaris. Year 2011 was challenging for graduate student Jason Huberty (co-advised by John Valley) who tried to balance his time in Weeks Hall and in demonstra- tions at the Capitol Square. Visiting graduate student Zhongwei Wu worked on micro- and nano-phases of precious metals (Au, Ag) from a modern black-smoker site in order to understand both mineral and compositional evolution during the mineral precipitation. First year graduate student Gabriella March (co-advised by John Valley) has started research on dolomite and other Ca-Mg-carbonates precipitated from alkali springs associated with the Del Puerto serpentinite, Cali- fornia Coast Range. Undergraduate students Josh Kemp and Yihang Fang investigated adsorption of hydrogen sulfide on dolomite, and the relationship between bio-mats and dolomite distribution in ancient stro- matolites, respectively, in order to understand roles of anaerobic bacteria in dolomite precipitation. Hiromi Konishi (manager of S.W. Bailey X-ray Diffraction Lab) and I investigated structures and defects of miner- Gordon Medaris, left, and Ondrej Lexa, from the Institute of Petrology als using Z-contrast imaging techniques with our aberration-corrected and Structural Geology, Charles University, Prague, on a field trip scanning-transmission electron microscope. The new images with sub- they held following the Ninth International Eclogite Conference in the Ångstrom resolution will provide keys to many unsolved and controver- Czech Republic. Photo, John Valley. sial problems in mineral science. l

the serpentine group discovered in South Africa. Guidottiite: The sample looked like cronstedtite, but turned New mineral named out to have manganese partially replacing iron. Here might be a chance to better understand the for Charles V. Guidotti structure of cronstedtite by examining this new mineral, it’s manganese analogue. Guidottiite is a new manganese mineral in the Mike Wahle and Tom Bujnowski finalized serpentine group discovered in the Kalahari the effort as part of their master’s degrees manganese deposit in South Africa. Its grains with Guggenheim. Like Henry, Geiger, and are no larger than an eighth of an inch across, Guidottiite. Photo, Ludi von Bezing. Bailey's description, some of the same issues black with a glassy luster. It splits easily into that plagued cronstedtite were observed in the thin sheets. So far the mineral is only department: Charles Guidotti, S.W. “Bull” guidottiite. However, they were able to resolve known to come from the one locality in South Bailey (UW faculty 1951-1989), and Steve why the sample produced such unusual Africa, but now that it has been reported and Guggenheim (UW PhD 1974), their love/study X-ray results by involving Toshi Kogure who characterized in the scientific literature, it is of phyllosilicates and a supporting group of examined the material using high-resolution possible mineralogists will be able to find it in former Wisconsin students. TEM. Kogure found that two orientations of other locations in the world. Back in the early 1970s, Bull Bailey started layers were randomly intergrown in all crystals, Source: University of Maine News. a crystal-structure study of cronstedtite, an which produce the diffraction effects that iron-rich serpentine, with Diane Henry (UW MS were observed and which would also produce Charles V. Guidotti (1935-2005), a UW- 1974). Later, Charles Geiger (UW MS 1981) got the effects seen in cronstedtite. Thus, the Madison, Department of Geoscience professor involved, which resulted in a paper published in metaphor—to kill two birds with one stone—was from 1969 to 1981, and recently of the University 1983. However, the project was difficult because appropriate: both crystal structures could be of Maine-Orono, was honored by the naming of complexities from using an imperfect crystal, resolved! of a new mineral: guidottiite (Mn Fe +(SiFe +) 2 3 3 although the crystal was the best available at the O (OH) ). The scientific description and honor The next issue was to decide on a name. In 5 4 time. Unfortunately, the study could not define were reported in “Guidottiite, the Mn-analogue 2005, Guidotti and Guggenheim were working the crystal structure very precisely. During this of cronstedtite: A new serpentine-group together on the crystal chemistry of chlorite time, Guggenheim was working on his doctorate mineral from South Africa”, in Clays and Clay when Guidotti died. It was appropriate to honor on the crystal structures of micas with Bailey, but Minerals (2010), v. 58, p. 364-376, in recognition him because of his prolific publication record on he got involved with several other phyllosilicate of Guidotti's prolific publication record on phyllosilicates and his interests in localized Mn projects, including one on titanium in micas with phyllosilicates and his interests in manganese deposits. His expertise and friendship are sorely Guidotti. In 1993, Guggenheim, now at University minerals found in small deposits in Maine. missed by his colleagues. of Illinois-Chicago, received a sample of what Contributed by Stephen Guggenheim, Guidottiite is a story directly involving three turned out to be a new manganese mineral in former members of the Wisconsin geoscience University of Illinois at Chicago

28 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Emeritus Faculty News —2011 Mary Anderson canyons in Utah and Arizona. The end of 2011 marked 2½ years of retirement for me. I continue It was a nostalgic trip for us. to stay active professionally with Most of the rest of 2011 students at UW and national com- was a medical roller coaster mittee work. My last student, for us. In July I had surgery to Kallina Dunkle, will finish the fuse three lumbar vertebrae, PhD in 2012. I am currently in the which is very successful and process of moving out of my office I am now free of back pain, and into an emeritus office in prep- which had been dragging me aration for our new faculty member down for the past 10 years. Mary Anderson received the George Burke Maxey Distinguished Service in hydrogeology, Mike Cardiff, who I had almost completed my Award from the Hydrogeology Division at GSA in Minneapolis. With her recovery when, on November will take up residence in fall 2012. were HydroBadgers: left to right, Maddy Schreiber, Chris Gellasch (front), I am also serving on quite a few Andy Leaf (back), Jeff Wilcox, Laura Toran, Chunmiao Zheng, Jean Bahr, 15, Nancy suffered a serious national committees, including Randy Hunt, Peter Riemersma, Mary Anderson, Moe Muldoon, Chris Lowry, stroke, which paralyzed her Kallina Dunkle, Ken Bradbury, Sue Swanson, Todd Rayne, Bill Simpkins, left arm and leg; fortunately as an officer of my section in the Dave Hart, and Madeline Gotkowitz. National Academy of Engineering. her speech, thinking, and I am also writing a review paper for GSA and am In October, I participated in the annual memory were unaffected. As I still trying to tackle the revision of the Anderson/ meeting of the National Academy of Engineering write this (in February, 2012), she remains in the Woessner textbook for a 2nd edition. Hopefully and also went to the GSA meeting in Minneapo- Oakwood Hebron Rehabilitation Center where that will begin in earnest in 2012. lis, where I visited with many hydrobadgers (see rigorous therapy is helping her to recover some Charles and I had a busy year of travel that photo) and was proud to accept the George function, but it is unclear how much she can included two international trips. In May, we Burke Maxey Distinguished Service Award from recover ultimately. Our five children have been went to Austria and Hungary, where we visited the Hydrogeology Division. Hydrobadger Mau- wonderfully supportive, having come in turns hydrobadger, Bill Woessner, professor of reen Muldoon delivered the citation. when I was recovering from surgery and again hydrogeology at University of Montana, and his Lest you worry that I am working too hard after Nancy's stroke. Many friends have also been wife Jean. Bill was on assignment as a Fulbright in retirement, be assured that there is plenty helpful. fellow with two universities in Graz. In Novem- of fun too. Charles and I travel frequently to Gordon Medaris ber, we visited China as guests of my former our vacation house in northeastern Wisconsin 2011 was a year of writing field guides—first, PhD student, Chunmiao Zheng. I was named (Door County) to partake of the many scenic, co‑editing and writing portions of High-Pressure/ a “Visiting Chair Professor” in the Peking Uni- cultural, and culinary pleasures there. We also Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks in the Bohemian versity Water Center, which Chunmiao directs. enjoy opera and theater in and around Madison, Massif (Geolines, v. 23, 135 pp) with Shah Wali Besides Beijing, we visited Shanghai, Hangzhou, as well as in Des Moines; Stratford, Ontario; and Faryad for the Ninth International Eclogite and Suzhou. A highlight of the trip was a boat New Orleans. Conference in the Czech Republic (photo page trip through a new national wetland park near 28), followed by co-authoring The Baraboo Hangzhou. There were just four of us as David L. Clark District—A North American Classic (Geol. Soc. passengers in a boat rowed by a sturdy boat- Please read Dave's article, "Ed Young America Field Guide 24, p. 63-82) with Bob woman along narrow, tranquil waterways Remembered" on page 30. Dott, John Craddock, and Steve Marshak meandering through lush vegetation. Robert H. Dott, Jr. for the GSA Annual Meeting in Minneapolis. (Please see Bob Dott's "Archivist A highlight of the GSA meeting for me was Corner" on page 8.) The 2011 year presenting a paper on PT conditions and cooling began well as Nancy and I took a rates of garnet peridotites with Herb Wang in wonderful safari trip to Tanzania. a session honoring the 2011 Roebling Medalist, We saw all of the famous mammals J.G. "Louie" Liou, who was a classmate at UCLA and many of the birds for which East eons ago. Africa is known. Crossing the eastern Nancy and I continued our yearly tradition rift branch and driving across the of a European bike trip—in September pedaling Ngorongoro caldera were special extra along the Neckar River in Germany, from its thrills for a geologist as was an all- source to its confluence with the Rhine at too-brief stop at Olduvai Gorge made Mannheim, savoring German food, beer, and famous by the Leakeys' discoveries of wine along the way. We had hoped to snorkel in early hominid remains in the 1950s. the Sea of Cortez in March, but were thwarted In April we joined a Friends of the by frigid water, so had to be content with whale- Chris Gellasch and Carol McCartney at GSA. They are UW Arboretum tour of Zion, Bryce, watching, sea kayaking, and of course, drinking at the Quats party for Dave Mickelson and Jim Knox. Monument Valley, and the Grand margaritas. In the background is John Attig. Photo, Mary Diman. http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 29 Dave Mickelson and Geomorphology It was an exciting year for me Division’s (GSA) in several ways. There were no distinguished career long trips except for three visits award at the conference. to family in New England. I Thanks to so many continued to do some consulting of you for writing and finished testifying in a big letters supporting legal case concerning erosion on the nomination. Jeff the Lake Michigan shoreline. It Munroe gave the was a great experience to work citation and it and with highly effective attorneys my response will be and other experts. Much of the published online at spring was spent finalizing our the QG&G website (with Lou Maher and Susan sometime this spring. Simpson) book Geology of the Ice Another highlight Age National Scenic Trail. of the event was the http://www.facebook.com/pages/ Jim Knox, left, and Dave Mickleson, right, were guests of honor at a party singing of a couple of Geology-of-the-Ice-Age-National- organized by former students at GSA in Minneapolis. In the center here is GSA Quaternary songs led Fellow Allan Schneider. Photo, Mary Diman. Scenic-Trail/174530675976228 by Bill Simpkins after (Please see the inside back for Jim Knox and myself by Carol McCartney the presentations. Less cover.) and other former students. I was pleased to see than a week after getting back to Madison I had It was great to finally have it come out so many people that I haven't seen in years. a catheter put in to check my arteries because of in October, just in time for the national GSA Quite a few former students were on the field shortness of breath. The right cardiac artery was meeting. A high point of the year was this trip that Mark Johnson, Kent Syverson, and I 95% blocked and they put in a stent immediately. conference in Minneapolis where quite a few led on the Saturday before the meeting. We No heart attack so I was very, very lucky! Will have former students appeared for a party organized had a full bus and a beautiful day! I was also to watch those cheese factory visits, though! l pleased to receive the Quaternary Geology

Ed Young Remembered building after him. We had secured $500K from architects were working, and now the university the NSF, the first part of the funding for the Building Naming Committee said no to our building, and because of strong departmental naming request. This was a problem that needed justifications, the State Building Commission had a quick solution. approved almost two million more. However, At the same time as the naming committee this was less than one-half of what was needed said no, I had to fly to a meeting somewhere for a new building. Early in the negotiations, and by chance ran into Chancellor Young at both Lewis Cline and the building committee O'Hare. When I told him that his committee had (Lou Maher, Bull Bailey, and I) had talked with refused to honor our request, he smiled, and Weeks concerning a gift to assist in construction with a New England chuckle promised me that of the building. Then at a dinner for Weeks at he would take care of the problem. He told me Chancellor Young's residence, Young assured that when he returned to Madison, he would those present if Lewis helped, the building talk to his committee and if they would not alter would be named Weeks Hall. Indeed, Lewis their decision, he would formally disband the Ed Young, 1978. Photo, UW Archives. provided the additional funds, and the planning committee and approve the naming himself. for construction was underway. And sure enough, the committee refused by David L. Clark At that time, 1971 or 1972, the university had to reconsider its decision, Young dissolved the Ed Young, was a great friend of the department. a committee whose responsibility was approving committee, and because of his action, two things Former chancellor at Madison as well as UW names for campus buildings. As our building happened: Weeks Hall became a reality, and the System president, Edwin Young died on January plans developed, and anticipating no problem, possibility of additional departmental assistance 2, 2011, at age 94. Without his intervention the I wrote a memo to the committee asking for from Lewis was greatly enhanced (the Weeks name of our building and the nature of the their approval to name the building the Lewis endowment was received several years later). I department could be different. Here is the story. Weeks Hall. I was shocked when in response the don't know if succeeding Madison chancellors When I was department chair and also chair committee said no, because in their judgment, have reestablished the Building Naming of the building committee, the faculty agreed to no building should be named for someone Committee or if naming buildings is done the the idea that if Lewis Weeks would help with the who was living. We had a problem: Lewis's gift same way Young handled it. Anyway, I liked the funding for our building, we would name the completed funding for the building, he was way Young worked! He was a valuable friend of promised that the building would bear his name, the department more than 40 years ago. l 30 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison meteoroids that can sometimes be recovered from rain barrels and gutters, given patience, luck, and a strong magnet, but beware of coal ash and other anthropogenic debris). Also with NASA funds, Brooke Norsted brought the traveling art exhibition Beyond the Edge of the Sea: Diversity of Life in the Deep Ocean Wilderness to UW-Madison. This show is a collaboration between oceanographer Cindy Some Highlights from 2011 Dave Lovelace ran fossil identification work- Lee Van Dover and expeditionary illustrator Karen The museum rang 2011 in with the installation shops for middle and high school students to Jacobsen. Together, these two women journeyed of a new, geology-themed donation container. It prepare them for the competition. to eight locations at the bottom of the sea with replicates Wisconsin’s stratigraphy and looks like a Throughout his career Professor Emeritus Van Dover at the helm and Jacobsen painting rock core, complete with Precambrian and Paleo- Lloyd Pray and his students made significant what they saw through the portholes. The result zoic sequences and a glacial till cap. Visitors can contributions towards understanding the geology is an assemblage of over 70 watercolors, all of see their contributions accumulate of the Permian Reef Complex which profile strange creatures and phenomena in the large unconformity between of the Guadalupe Mountains. from more than two miles deep in the ocean and the Devonian and Pleistocene. During this work, Lloyd and his evoke other unseen worlds in the universe and Thanks to the Friends of the students gathered thousands of the life they may host. Over the four months that Geology Museum for supporting specimens, many of which were the show was up, an estimated 4,600 people from this purchase. from localities now protected the university and greater Madison communities visited the exhibition. l Our continuing collaboration and no longer open to col- with Carol McCartney, outreach lecting. Last year, Carrie specialist at the Wisconsin Eaton secured funding Geological and Natural History from the National Park Survey, culminated in the publica- Service to catalog Lloyd’s tion of a new educational poster, collection and incorporate “Wisconsin’s Geologic Past” the material into the Gua- (detail, right). Intended for use in dalupe Mountains National Wisconsin classrooms, the poster Park cataloging system. uses a simplified bedrock map, a Carrie trained several representative core sample, and undergraduate students in a cross-section to teach students museum curation practices about the ages and kinds of rocks and they have now as- and fossils found beneath their sembled a well-organized Post-doc Andy Czaja and a young visitor inspect feet. research collection of some a hardy tardigrade (aka “water bear”) at the In the spring, UW-Madison of Lloyd’s renowned work. “Astrobiology in Your Backyard” booth at the Orton Park Music Festival. hosted the National Science Outreach efforts on Olympiad competition. Being behalf of the Wisconsin so close to event headquarters Astrobiology Outreach Consor- in Union South, we were a main tium (WARC PI—Clark Johnson) attraction for the competitors continue to focus on non- and their families. Over the four traditional venues. During the day span of the competition, we summer, museum personnel had thousands of visitors through and WARC graduate students our doors. Richard Slaughter and post-docs set up an mobilized a roving outreach cart “Astrobiology in Your Backyard” in the museum. On it he carried booth at three iconic Madison two spectacular pieces from our music festivals. Hundreds of collection, cores from the Chicxu- Wisconsinites toured our booth lub impact crater and a large to learn about astrobiological piece of the ejecta layer from the curiosities that can be found as Sudbury impact. The latter piece close as their own backyards. These included tardigrades weighs in around 200 pounds and What rocks are underfoot? documents Earth’s second largest Students can find out using (microscopic animals that can impact 1.85 billion years ago. It an educational poster pro- withstand the rigors of space Scientific Illustrator Karen Jacobsen works was collected by John Valley and duced by the UW Geology exposure), lichens (another with a UW art student in a drawing work- Museum and the WG&NH space-hardy organism) and shop, part of programming related to the Huifang Xu on an astrobiology art-science exhibition Beyond the Edge of Survey. Detailed here: possibly micrometeorites (tiny field trip in Canada. Additionally, "What's under Milwaukee?" the Sea. Photos, the Geology Museum. http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2011 The Outcrop 31 Please send your check along with this form to:

Department of Geoscience University of Wisconsin-Madison 1215 W. Dayton St. Your name Madison, WI 53706-1692 Address Phone Email Date

UW FOUNDATION FUNDS Please make your check for these funds payable to: The UW Foundaon You can also give online to these funds at hp://geoscience.wisc.edu/geoscience/giving/ Amount Geoscience Unrestricted Fund Geoscience Community Fund Student Field Experience Fund James J. and Dorothy T. Hanks Fund – supports an annual "Best Geophysics Student" award Museum Student Field Experience Fund C.K. Leith Fund for Structural Geology Lloyd C. Pray and J. Campbell Craddock Fund - supports graduate students in sed or structural geology Hydrogeology Research Fund L. Cline/L. Pray/R. Do Sedimentary Geology Field Fund Paleontology Research Fund Eugene N. Cameron Scholarship Fund (Economic Geology, Mineralogy, Petrology, Geochemistry) Sturges W. Bailey Scholarship Fund (Mineralogy and Petrology) George P. Woollard/Sigmund I. Hammer Memorial Fund (Geophysics) Robert and Ramona Sneider Museum Fund – enhancing museum exhibits Geology Museum Fund – general support of museum acvies L.R. Laudon Scholarship Fund - used for award to the Outstanding Junior major S. Tyler -T. Berg Scholarship Fund – support awards to outstanding TAs Lectures Fund – supports our Weeks Lecture Series Sharon Meinholz Graduate Student Fund – supports travel to professional meengs

TRUST FUND ACCOUNTS and DEPARTMENT GIFT FUNDS Please make your check for these funds payable to: Department of Geoscience Amount Amount Charles R. Van Hise Fellowship Library Fund Mack C. Lake Scholarship Petrology Research Fund McClintock Geophysical Research Fund Quaternary Research Fund

Thank you for remembering us!

32 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison New publication announcement! GEOLOGY OF THE ICE AGE NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL by David M. Mickelson, Louis J. Maher Jr., and Susan L. Simpson brings the landscape of the trail to life and helps readers understand what Ice Age Wisconsin was like. This 305-page overview of Wisconsin’s geology, and key geological concepts, helps readers understand geological processes, materials, and landforms. The authors detail geological features along each segment of the trail and at each of the nine National Ice Age Scientific Reserve sites.

Experience the Ice Age Trail's scenic glacial terrain through full-color photographs, maps, and diagrams. Science briefs explain glacial features such as eskers, drumlins, and moraines. Geology of the Ice Age National Scenic Trail also includes detailed trail descriptions. Please find more information at http://uwpress.wisc.edu/books/4650.htm

Like it on Facebook. http://www.facebook.com/pages/Geology-of- the-Ice-Age-National-Scenic-Trail/174530675976228

Dave Mickelson, Lou Maher, and Susan Simpson are donating their royalties from the sale of the book to the Department of Geoscience.

Faculty and Staff in the Department of Geoscience Faculty Emeritus Faculty Associated Faculty Research Scientists Post Doctoral Associates Support Staff Jean Bahr Mary P. Anderson John Attig Brandon Converse Tabrez Ali Ben Abernathy Philip Brown Charles R. Bentley Brian Beard John Fournelle Heather Cunningham Shirley Baxa Michael Cardiff Carl Bowser Kenneth Bradbury Noel Heim Andrew Czaja Mary Diman Anders Carlson Charles Byers Eric Carson Kenneth Hoffmann Ayumi Hyodo Marie Dvorzak Alan Carroll Nikolas Christensen Lee Clayton Brian Jicha Kouki Kitajima Carolyn Eaton Chuck DeMets David L. Clark Michael Fienen Noriko Kita Seth Kruckenberg Jane Fox-Anderson Kurt Feigl Robert H. Dott, Jr. Dante Fratta Hiromi Konishi Kevin Lepot Judy Gosse Dana Geary Louis Maher Madeline Gotkowitz Reinhard Kozdon Weiqiang Li Brian Hess Laurel Goodwin L. Gordon Medaris, Jr. Bezalel Haimson Jeremy Pesicek Emily Montgomery-Brown Patrick Kuhl Clark Johnson David Mickelson David Hart Evgenya Shelobolina Daisuke Nakashima Jim Kern D. Clay Kelly Lloyd Pray Randy Hunt Joe Skulan Carol Ormand Puneet Kishor Stephen R. Meyers David Krabbenhoft Mike Spicuzza Alberto Reyes Toby Lathrop Shanan Peters Todd LaMaskin Ellen Syracuse Ariel Strickland Neal Lord Eric Roden Patrick McLaughlin Takayuki Ushikubo Travis Tenner Brooke Norsted Bradley Singer, Chair James Robertson Lingling Wu Joanne Tudge Dayanidi M. Ortiz Clifford Thurber Haijiang Zhang Kenneth Williford Lee Powell Basil Tikoff Jansi Prabakaran Harold Tobin Mary Schumann John Valley Richard Slaughter Herbert Wang Peter Sobol Huifang Xu Michelle Szabo William Unger Klaus Westphal 91 84 81 85 95 82 89 78 98 79 80 83 87 96 90 93 97 76 86 74 75 88 92 61 94 99 77 62 63 64 65 66 69 71 45 67 68 60 42 70 73 44 50 53 54 72 59 41 46 51 52 57 43 49 58 48 56 40 24 47 23 27 31 55 21 22 25 29 30 33 37 39 32 35 36 26 38 11 34 18 20 9 10 28 12 13 Photo: Del Brown 8 19 7 14 17 16 4 5 6 15 3

2 80 Dave Ullman 81 John Fournelle 1 82 Phil Gopon 61 Chloë Bonamici 83 JoAnn Gage 62 Anders Carlson 84 Ninfa Bennington

63 Tina Hill 85 Bryn Benford Madison, WI53706-1692 1215 W.DaytonSt. University ofWisconsin-Madison Department ofGeoscience 64 Peter Sobol 86 Jeremy Pesicek 44 Benjamin Link 65 Alexander Teel 87 Alex Ru 45 Tao Wu 66 Summer Ohlendorf 88 Brian Hess 46 Patrick Kuhl 67 Helena Menendez 89 Marshal Tofte 28 Miao Du 47 Carolyn Strei 68 Deborah Rook 90 Brian Beard Hello from29 Jessica Feenstra Weeks48 Ellen Syracuse Hall-Fall69 Chao Ma 20ll91 Melissa Reusché 30 Takayuki Ushikubo 49 Shannon Graham 70 Zachary Michels 92 Mike Spicuzza 31 Ray Ostrander 14 Mary Diman 50 Dana Geary 71 Aaron Pruitt 93 Brian Jicha 32 Kyle Fredericks 15 Xiaolei Wang 51 Brooke Norsted 72 Phil Brown 94 Mo Zhou 33 Michelle Szabo 52 Travis Tenner 95 Zhongwei Wu 1 Brad Singer 16 Nathan Andersen 73 Zachary Michels 34 Andrew Walters 53 Kallina Dunkle 96 Weiqiang Li 2 Steve Meyers 17 Andria Ellis 74 Alberto Reyes 35 Nicole Braudy 54 Mary Schumann 97 Fangfu Zhang 3 Bob Dott 18 Meagan Bosket 75 Puneet Kishor 36 Dana Smith 55 Tamara Jeppson 98 Cory Katzban 4 Chuck DeMets 19 Mai Yia Xiong 76 Ariel Strickland 37 Tim Foltz 56 Ashley Russell 99 Jue Wang 5 Jean Bahr 20 Susanna Webb 77 Tyler Blum 38 Liz Percak-Dennett 57 Ken Williford 6 Judy Gosse 21 John Valley 78 Noel Heim 39 Anthony Pollington58 Andy Czaya 7 Herb Wang 22 Lou Maher 79 Shanan Peters 40 Alex Hudy 59 Ben Linzmeier 8 Gabriella March 23 Andrew Eul 41 Reinhard Kozdon 60 Ian Orland 9 Dave Mickelson 24 Annaka Clement 42 Clay Kelly 25 Sydney Wallner Nonprofit Organization 10 Chris Gellasch 43 Robert Muehlbauer Madison, Wisconsin

26 Daisuke Nakashima Permit No.658 11 Jansi Prabakaran U.S. Postage 12 Noriko Kita 27 Neal Lord Paid 13 Kouki Kitajima