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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00808-3 - Religious Dissent and the Aikin–Barbauld Circle, 1740–1860 Edited by Felicity James and Ian Inkster Index More information

Index

Academy for young ladies (Barbauld) 199 Allen, William 133 Act of Uniformity (1662) 29 America 62, 111, 116, 124 n 86, 156 Adam as a moping idiot (Lucy Aikin) American independence 128 175, 191 Anderson, John 7 Adams, George (instrument maker) 128 animal electricity 83 Addington, Stephen 39, 47, 50 n 37 Annals of the Reign of King George the Third (John Address to the Deity (Barbauld) 222 Aikin 1816) 156, 160 Address to the Dissidents (John Aikin 1790) 82 Annan, Noel 5, 6, 152 n 6 Address to the Opposers of the Repeal of the Corporation Annual Review and History of Literature 21, 133, 208 and Test Acts (Barbauld 1790) 138, 151 n 81 Antwerp 100 Address to the People (Palmer 1793) 130 applications of useful knowledge 127, 132, 142 affection 5, 11 architecture 19 affective response and individualism 6, 20, 100, aristocracy of intellect 139 101, 159, 162, 171 aristocracy of science 126 age and political Dissent 127 aristocratic improvement projects 104 Aikin, Anna 209 Aristophanes 78 Aikin, Arthur (1773–1854) 4, 18–19, 21, 106, 110, Armstrong, Archibald 174 112, 113, 118, 119, 126–45 Armstrong, Isobel 207–8 Aikin, Charles Rochemont (1775–1847) 4, 19, 84, Arnold, Matthew 7, 54, 67 n 8 126, 133, 190 art of design 135 Aikin, Edmund (1780–1820) 19 Askesian Society of London 133–4 Aikin, John (1713–80) 4, 8, 11, 17, 28–43, 47 n 1, Aspland, Robert 207 49 n 9, 57 associational psychology 139, 140, 141, Aikin, John (1747–1822) 4, 14, 56, 70–85, 94–120, 222, 224 128–9, 136–42, 186, 187, 194, 200, 208–9, Autobiography (Harriet Martineau 1877) 184, 186 210, 211, 213, 215, 218 Aikin, Lucy (1781–1864) 4, 11, 14, 17, 20, 36, 52, 53, Babington, Thomas 132 80, 81, 84, 94, 97, 108, 111, 113, 116, 118, 120, Baillie, Joanna 161 128, 156–77, 178 n 6, 183–201, 205, 209 Barbauld, Anna Letitia 1–2, 4, 10–11, 12, 13–16, 17, Aikin, Susan 205 21, 22, 52–66, 70, 74, 96, 97, 106, 110, 111, Aikin family as a democratic powerhouse 198 138, 139, 140, 162, 163, 170, 185, 186, 190, 197, Aikin family collaborations (particularly 198, 199–201, 206, 207, 209, 210, 211–14, 218, published) 96–9, 100, 108, 109, 200 220, 223, 225 Aikin family legacy 199–201, 206 Barbauld, John Aikin and medicine 76 Aikin Family Papers (University of Rochester) 23 Barbauld, Rochemont 1, 55, 61, 62, 97, 106, 188, Aikin–Barbauld Circle 1–4, 16–18, 19, 22–3 199, 207, 213 Aikinia (Asian plant species) 19 Barbauld and America 52–5 Aikinite (sulphide mineral) 19 Barbauld intellectual style 58 Alcott, Bronson 52 Barker, John 32 Aldersgate Street dispensary (Aikins, London) Barry, James 213 132, 133 Bartolozzi, Francesco 1, 23 249

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00808-3 - Religious Dissent and the Aikin–Barbauld Circle, 1740–1860 Edited by Felicity James and Ian Inkster Index More information

250 Index

Belsham, Thomas 9, 25 n 27, 33, 35, 38, 47, 129, citizenship 61, 108, 138 130, 143 civic humanism and civil society 78, 95 Benson, George 34 Civic Sermons to the People (Barbauld 1792) 16 Biographical Memoirs of Medicine in Great Britain civil society 56, 116, 140, 141, 142, 208 (John Aikin 1780) 17, 73, 74 Clarke, Samuel 29, 32, 33, 45, 82 Birmingham riots (1791) 3, 127, 136, 139, 218 classical knowledge and allusions 40, 62, 72, 73, Blackwell, Thomas (Aberdeen) 31 75, 77, 78–9, 85, 90, 90 n 47, 92 n 67, 95, 97, Bloomﬁeld, Robert 22 108, 117, 138, 140, 151 n 81, 186, 188, 192, 193, Bluestockings 55, 63, 67 n 12, 211, 213 196, 197, 215 Board of Agriculture 106 Clayton, Nicholas 127 body and mind 81 Clyde ironworks 136 Boleyn, Ann 171 Coalbrookdale iron 136 Bostock, John (Liverpool) 71 Cobbet, William 130 botany 37, 73, 109 Cogan, John (surgeon) 37 Brantley, Richard E. 8, 25 n 19 Cogan, Thomas 9, 33, 35, 38, 45 Bright, Henry 14 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 61, 66 Bright, Richard 127, 151 n 79 collaborative creativity 5, 187, 200 Bright Bros. of Melbourne, Victoria 138 collective public representation 206 ‘bright daughters of a land renowned’ 117, 197 Collins, Anthony 82 Bright family (Bristol) 137 Coltman, John 9, 12, 33–7, 43, 44, 50 n 29 Bright’s disease 151 n 80 Coltman, John 33 British Mineralogical Society 133, 150 n 64 Coltman, Samuel 36 Britton, John 119 commerce 115, 117, 130 Brodribb, Arthur Aikin 205 Committee of Mechanics (RSA London) 135 Brown, P. A. 128 congregations and chapels (see also by name) 9, 15, Browne, Thomas 87 n 15 32, 33, 34, 38, 46, 49 n 10, 64, 106, 137, 138, Browning, Robert 207 143, 144, 146 n 10, 222 Buckminster, Joseph Stevens 52 converts from reason to authority (John Aikin) 141 Burke, Edmund 7, 129, 139, 140, 219 Cooper, Robert B. 103 Burstein, Miriam 157 Cooper, Thomas 129, 148 n 27 corruption 79 Calendar of Nature (John Aikin 1784) 99 Costello, Louisa 157 calm of despotism (Percival) 137 county culture 105 Calvinism 64 Cragwell, Jasper 8 candour 84, 128, 140, 145 creativity and Dissent 4, 7–8, 185, 198, 209 Cappe, Newcome 9, 33, 35, 45, 53 criminal reform 140 Carlyle, Thomas 176, 177 Cronstadt, Frederic 133 Carter, Elizabeth 55, 63 Crown and Anchor Tavern (London) 10 Catherine of Aragon 104 Cullen, William 76 Catholics 170 cultural neighbourhoods 154 n 121 Census of England and Wales (1801 and 1811) cultural progress 114, 118, 140, 190 112, 119 Cunningham, Andrew 84 Channing, William Ellery 52, 193 Currie, James (Liverpool) 129, 139, 148 n 30 Chapone, Hester Mulso 63 Cuthbertson, John 134 character and sentiment 120 Character of Women 196 Da Costa, E. M. (publisher) 133, 149 n 47 Chaucer, Geoffrey 74 Daniels, Stephen 15, 18, 187 chemistry and chemical manufactures 132, 135, Darwin, Erasmus 73 136, 142 Daventry Academy 33, 34, 38, 42, 45, 47, 215 child’s perspective and experience 183, 184, 186–7 Davidoff, Leonore 6 children’s reading and education 15, 64, 65, 94, 98, Davidson, Robert 102 99, 107, 113, 185, 199 Davis, Natalie Zemon 157 Chimbarozo (Chimborazo, Ecuador) 118 Davison, William 166 Church and King 139 Davy, Humphry 133, 134 churchgoing and communal worship 58 Deism and providence 217

Index 251

delineation 102 –3 England Delineated (John Aikin 1788) 94, 101–6 Denman, Thomas 62, 207 English law 171 De Quincey, Thomas 65 enlightened knowledge 102 Description of the Country (John Aikin 1793) 107 Enlightenment, the 56, 70, 75, 108, 115 , 190 , 192, Devotional Taste (Barbauld 1775 ) 63 193, 206, 212, 213 dialectic of Dissent 216 enlightenment passages 3 , 31 Dictionary of Chemistry and Mineralogy (Arthur enthusiasm and evangelism 59, 60, 63 and C. R. Aikin 1807) 19, 134 Epicureanism 78 Dinwiddy, J. R. 144 Epistles on Women (Lucy Aikin 1810) 20, 116, 163, disciplinary boundaries 70, 75, 95, 159 174–7, 185, 188, 189–95 , 197, 209 disease and vice 78, 83 Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Locke disease, reform and society (see also Medicine, 1690) 81 morality and society) 70 , 77 , 78, 81, 83, Essay on Song Writing (John Aikin 1772) 200 90 n 41, 140 Essay on the Application of Natural History to Poetry Dissenting academies (individual and general), see (John Aikin 1777 ) 95 also under individual academies, 9 , 25 n 27, Essex Street Chapel 9 , 189 29–30, 43, 75, 97 , 151 n 76, 183, 215 establishment (Anglican and political), standard Dissenting culture (general aspects) 22, 53, 54 , 55– and opposition 7, 9, 10, 55, 56, 59, 79, 81, 84 , 7 , 59, 64, 79, 80 , 81, 82, 91 n 58, 101, 106, 120, 129, 131, 137, 139 , 145 , 170, 207, 215 126, 130, 131, 137 , 138, 139, 140 , 142 , 143 , 144, ethics and morality of political questions 161 160 , 161, 165, 185, 208, 210 , 211, 215 , 217, 227 n Eton College 62 16 Europe and the human mind 115 Dissenting deputies (London) 30 Evans, John 129 Dissenting micro-cultures 127, 144, 206 Evenings at Home (John Aikin and Barbauld Dissenting networks 9 , 189, 190 1792–6 ) 107 –9, 161 Dissenting philosophers 126 execution of King Charles I 168 Ditchfield, G. M. 92 n 60 experimental method (see also laboratory divine right of kings 167 , 175 manipulations) 76, 136 DNB and New Oxford Dictionary of National experimental philosophy 134 Biography 4 , 33, 205 eye of the public 126, 138 Dobson, Matthew (Liverpool) 71 Doddridge, Philip 9 , 10, 11 , 12 , 29, 32, 33, 34, 37, familial interactions and connections (exemplary) 39, 45, 48 n 5 , 59 –60, 61, 64 3 , 4 –8, 21– 2, 57, 128, 131, 183–4 , 186, 188, 189 Doddridge divinity lectures 41 familiarity and intimacy 12 , 107 domestic versus political history 162, 184, 193 family and society (general) 16–17, 22–3 , 194, 200 , Dyer, John 103 208 Dyer, Samuel (author and translator) 39 family biography 4 –8 Dzelzainis, Ella 192 Family Expositor, The (Doddridge 1739–56 ) 59 –61 family history 184 (see also memorializing) Eaton, Daniel Isaac (radical publisher) 151 n 74 family life, as exemplary 20, 185, 187, 197, 210 Eden 191 Farmer, Richard (Cambridge) 37 Edgeworth family 1, 21, 195 Felber, Lynette 157 Edinburgh medical school 87 n 17, 89 n 30 Female Biography (Mary Hays 1802) 195, 196 education and Dissent (generalizations) 4 , 8–9, 12 , female education 108, 110, 187, 194 138, 215 female equality 175 Eger, Elizabeth 213 female execution by burning 171 Eighteen Hundred and Eleven (Barbauld 1812) 116, female intellectualism and intellect 15, 20, 55, 141, 117, 209, 211, 226 156–77, 191 Elliott, Paul 15 female self-sacrifice 192 Ellis, Grace 52 femininity 185 Emerson, Ralph Waldo 52, 53 feminist historiography 157–9 empire of gigantic shadows (Barbauld) 138 feminist perspectives (see also women) 20, 190, empire of knowledge 108 195, 209 Enfield, William 95, 127, 129, 194, 214 , 215 firearms and defence 130 England and mental illumination 115 Fitzpatrick, Richard 104

252 Index

Fleece, The (John Dyer 1757) 105, 119 Guest, Harriet 193 Food for the National Penitence (John Aikin 1793) Guthrie, William 102, 116 78, 85, 90 Guy’s Hospital chemical lectures (Arthur Aikin Fordyce, David 31, 41, 48 n 9, 87 n 14 et al.) 135 Forster, John Reinholt 95 Fox, W. J. 207 Haakonssen, Lisbeth 76 France 100, 111, 115, 137, 138, 145 habeas corpus 168 as gay, seductive 117 Habitual Devotion, On (Priestley) 64 Franklin, James (E. I. C.) 136 habitual piety (Barbauld, see Priestley) 64 freeborn Englishman 24 n 4 Hackney 130, 148 n 26 freedom of conscience 169 Hackney New College 33, 106, 128, 129, 130–1, Freemason’s Tavern (London) 126 139, 142 freethinking and atheism (general) 217–18 Hall, Catherine 6 French, John (schoolmaster) 47 Hall, John (Sheffield) 33, 47 French, Roger 84 Hardy, Thomas (radical) 143 French chemists 134 Harley, David 91 n 53 French Convention 129 Hartley, David 76, 82, 130, 148 n 37, 222, 224, French language and translations 29, 34, 40, 102, 228 n 53 107, 113 Harvard college 53 French Revolution 53, 106, 111, 127, 128, 137, 138, Harvey, William 75 196, 206, 208, 210–11 Hatton House, London (Varley lectures) 132 Frend, William 134, 154 n 128 Hawkes, William 39 Fulton, John F. 84 Haygarth, John (Chester) 71, 84, 101 Hays, Mary 158, 195, 203 n 46 Galton, Mary Ann 65 Hazlitt, William 7 Gardiner, David 44 Heads of Lectures on Experimental Chemistry Gardiner, William 37 (Priestley 1794) 130 Gardner, David 34 Hebrew 30, 41 Gardner, James 34 Hemans, Felicia 161 Garthshore, Maxwell 71 Heron, Robert (poet) 106 Gateacre chapel (Liverpool) 128 High Pavement, Nottingham 47 Gay, John 137 Hippocrates 75, 77 gender and religion 59 Hirons, Jabez 33, 44 gender relations and distinctions (general) 141, historical perspective 160–1, 176, 214 156–77, 191, 197, 198 historical writing 157, 210 generational processes (specific) 128, 186, 195, 209 historiography (see also feminist historiography) Geographical Delineations (John Aikin ) 94, 114–19 159, 177, 196 geography and the geographical imagination Hodgson, John, minister at Lincoln 34, 46 94–120, 187, 209 Hodgson, Richard 33, 46 Geological Society of London 134 Holcroft, Thomas (playwright) 142 Gibbon, Edward 94, 117 holistic medicine and conceptions of the body 74, Giles, John 74 76, 78, 79 Gilpin, William 110 Holland, Philip 39 Glasgow iron industries 136 Holt, John 38 Gleadle, Kathryn 190 home and the public sphere 183, 184 Goodwin, A. 142 homebred satisfactions 196 Gough, Richard 103 honour and reward (Arthur Aikin) 135 Grand Tour 109 Hoselitz, Bert 144 Gravel Pit Meeting House (Hackney) 129, 147 n 23 House of Lords and reform bill (1831) 168 Grayling, A. C. 139 household and its constraints 6, 10, 30, 60, 107, green borders of the peopled earth (Barbauld) 220 113, 186–7 Greenough, George B. (geologist) 134 household critics 186, 187 Gregory, George (theologian) 128 Howard, John 83, 152 n 96, 185, 188 Gregory, John 76 Hoxton academy 43 grim visage of despotic power (Wakefield 1801) 211 Humboldt, Alexander von 118

Index 253

Hume, David 82, 166, 169, 180 n 68 King Charles I 168–70 Hume, David 158 King James I 172 humours (medical theory of) 75, 77–8 kings and princes 169 Hunter, William FRS 71 Kippis, Andrew 56 Hutcheson, Francis (Glasgow) 64–5 Kirkcudbright, 28, 31 Hutchinson, Thomas 46 Knight, Richard 142 Hutton, Catherine 35 knowledge, theory of 140 Hymns in Prose for Children (Barbauld 1781) 63–4, Kraft, Elizabeth 26 n 35, 77 65, 186, 213, 219 Krawczyk, Scott 4 Kucich, Greg 157 ignorance is the mother of devotion (Priestley on Barbauld via Papism) 225 laboratory manipulation and experiment 18, 127, India and the caste system 115, 192 129, 133, 135, 142, 150 n 62 industrial applications of knowledge (see also Lady’s book society (Barbauld, Lucy Aikin) 195, 196 individual sciences) 132 Lamb, Charles 131 industry and industrialization 18–19, 127, 131, 143, Lancashire witch trials (1612) 172 145, 155 n 134 Laslett, Peter 6 Inkster, Ian 10, 18–19, 22, 189 Laud, William (Archbishop) 170, 173 innate character 139 lay and ministerial students 30, 42, 55, 215 inoculation 84 Le Breton, Anna Letitia (1808–85) 4, 184 intellect and skill 135 Le Breton, Philip Hemery 20, 183, 209 intellectual association and its social functions 136 lectures and lecturing 71, 132, 135, 137, 215 intellectual authority 142 Lee, Guy 15 intellectual endeavour and behaviour 21, 61, 127, Lee, Thomas (schoolmaster) 32, 49 n 14 156–77 Legacy for Young ladies, A (Barbauld 1826) 110 intellectual tolerance 126 Lessons for Children (Barbauld) 15–16, 23, 58, inventions and discoveries 135, 141 98–9, 186 Invitation, The (Barbauld, 1772) 96 Letters from a Father to a Son (John Aikin 1793) 74, iron manufacture 136, 151 n 71 81–3, 84, 92 n 61, 107, 131, 139–42, 152 n 89, Islam and the Islamic World 98, 115 208 Ismael, Abulfelda 98 Lettsom, J. C. (Quaker physician) 128 Israel, Jonathan 218 Levy, Michelle 4, 8, 14, 20, 183, 184, 191, 209 Lewin, John (Leicester) 37 Jacobinism 211 Lewis, George (Carter Lane congregation) 143 James, Felicity 21, 210 liberty and libertarians 82, 101, 117, 127, 130, 136, 168 Janowitz, Anne 4, 7, 11, 22, 84, 185 libraries 30 Jefferson, Thomas 53 life writing 8 Jenkins, Jenkin (divinity tutor) 38 Lilburn, John 174 Jenner, Edward 19, 84, 133 Linacre, Thomas 74, 79 Jennings, Anna Letitia Wingate 10, 11 Lindsey, Theophilus 9, 15, 189 Jennings, Jane 30–1, 32 Lister, T. H. 177 Jennings, John 10 literary celebrity 61 Jennings, Martha 185 literary physician 17–18, 70–85, 208 Johnson, Joseph (radical publisher) 6, 14–15, 96, literary self-reﬂections 20 98, 101, 107, 111, 116, 188–9, 207, 211, 213 literature, revival of 73–4 Johnson, Samuel 72, 213 Little Dunce (Jane of Lucy Aikin) 21, 183, 209 Joineriana 14–15, 89 n 34, 123 n 39, 152 n 94 Liverpool 130, 137 Joyce, Jeremiah 128, 130, 142–3, 153 nn 108, 111, Locke, John 26 n 47, 53, 81, 95 114, 116 London 106–11, 115, 128–9, 133, 141, 209, 213 London Corresponding Society 129 Kaye (or Key alias Caius) John 74 London science 146 n 3 Keach, William 226 Longman (publishers) 156 Keats, John 214 Looser, Devoney 157 Kibworth Harcourt 8, 12, 13, 28, 32 Lunar Society (Birmingham) 129 Kibworth school 10, 11, 28–43, 46, 49 n 15, 57 luxury and the social good 79

254 Index

Macaulay, Catherine 158 moderation and temperance 77, 79 Macklin, Thomas 1 Modern Geography (John Pinkerton 1802) 112 Maitzen, Rohan 157, 159 monster-man 192 male history 163–4 Montagu, Elizabeth 55 Man of Pleasure (John Aitkin) 78, 90 n 41 Montgolﬁer’s balloon 13 Manchester 128 Monthly Magazine and British Register (from 1796) Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 137 109, 208, 211 Manual of Mineralogy (Arthur Aikin 1814) 19 Monthly Repository 207, 210 maps 103, 109, 117 moral necessity (see also necessity) 82 Marcet, Jane 192, 193 moral of political history 166–70 marginality (see also social marginality) moral transgression 167 Market Harborough 32 More, Hannah 196 Martineau, Harriet 6, 14, 186, 192, 193, 202 n 16 More, Thomas 194 Martineau, Sarah Meadows 10 Morgan, G. C. (Hackney tutor) 129, 132 Martineau family 10 Morris, William 135 Martyn, Simon 51 n 39 Morse, Jedediah 116 Mary Tudor and a reign of terror 169 motive and choice 81 McCarthy, William 3, 7, 8, 10, 12, 17, 21, 22, 77, Moufet (Muffet), Thomas 75 186, 188, 199, 206, 216 ‘Mouse’s Petition’ (poem) 1–3, 23, 26 n 42, 224 McNeil, Maureen 87 n 14 mutual dependency 127 medical education and schools 75–6, 85 n 2, 86 n 5 medical knowledge and debate 74, 76, 83, 88 n 22 National Vaccine Establishment (see also medical writings and language 72–3, 87 n 12 vaccination) 19 medicine and medical practice 70–85, 107 natural and experimental philosophy (general) medicine, morality and society 76–9, 82–3 18–19, 132, 134, 143, 145 Mee, Jon 224, 229 n 62 natural theology 129, 132, 143, 153 n 119, 219, 223, 239 Mellor, Anne K. 20, 190, 193 Neal, Daniel 32 Memoirs (Lucy Aikin 1864) 20, 175–7, 184 necessity and necessitarians 82 Memoirs of the Court of Charles the First (Lucy Nesbit, E. 69 n 43 Aikin 1833) 156, 178 n 13 network connectedness 143, 194, 212 Memoirs of the Court of James the First (Lucy Aikin network research 134, 205, 206 1822) 156 Newington Green 196 Memoirs of the Court of Queen Elizabeth (Lucy newspapers 165 Aikin 1818) 156 Newtonianism 131, 139, 142, 216, 219, 221, 222 memorializing and reputation (see also Lucy Aikin Nicholson, Matthew 41 extensively) 4, 20, 21, 29, 84, 94, 116, 118, 120, Nicholson, William (London publisher and 160, 162, 164, 165, 183, 184–201, 206, 209 savant) 133 mental diseases 81, 188 Nine Living Muses (painting by Richard Samuel) 213 Merton, Robert 143, 146 n 6, 154 n 123 non-fatal repression 19 Merton College, Oxford 9 Northampton academy 11, 29–31, 32, 39, 42, 46 metallurgy and industrial applications 132, 133, 136 Norwich 10, 189, 195 metropolis and province 120 Nottingham 127 Michaelis, J. D. 98 micro-cultures (see also Dissenting culture) 129, Observations on Man (Hartley 1749) 139 136, 142 organic chemistry 132 middle class 82, 208, 222 orthodoxy/heterodoxy (see also theological Middlemarch (George Eliot) 174 discussions) 32, 37–8, 55, 63, 216 Mill, J. S. 207 Orton, Job 39 Mill Hill Congregation, Leeds 33 Mills, Simon 226 n 1 Palgrave 97–9, 183, 212, 213 Milton, John 55, 66, 94, 96, 114, 117 Palgrave School (Barbaulds’) 61–3, 86 n 7, 207, 219 mineralogy and industrial applications 132, 134 Palmer, John 41 Miscellaneous Pieces in Prose (John and Anna Aikin Palmer, T. F. (radical) 130, 144, 154 n 129 1773) 86 n 11, 97, 200 papal authority 169 Mitchell, Rosemary 157 Paracelsus 75

Index 255

Pardoe, Julia 157 private lives and public history 164 Parry, Noel and José 80 progress (see also cultural progress) 80, 83 , 115 , 116, passive resistance 137 118, 119 Paterson, Samuel 14–15 Prometheanism 222 patriarchy 20 Prynne, William 173 patriots and patriotism 118 , 128, 165 public sphere (see also home) 108, 152 n 99 , Peabody, William 52 201, 248 Peace of Amiens (1802) 111 public utility 138 pedagogy 30, 34–6, 40–1, 43, 108, 113, 130, 207, publishing and publishers (see individual 215, 228 n 34 publishers) 21, 52–3, 61, 71, 95, 96, 101–2, 106, Pennant, Thomas 95–6, 104, 106, 112, 121 n 3 108, 116 , 134 , 156–7 , 189, 200 , 202 n 22, 208 Pepys, W. H. 126, 127, 133, 146 n 5 Pulteney, Richard (Leicester) 36 , 71, 111 Percival, Thomas (Manchester) 71, 76, 128, 137 punishment (see also prisons) 154 n 130, 173 persecution and repression of Dissenters 9, 11, 19, Puritan martyrs 173 29, 30, 53, 56, 126, 128, 130, 160, 169, 173 Persuasion (Jane Austen) 174 Queen Elizabeth of England 165–8, 193 perversion of public justice (Lucy Aikin) 172 Queen of the Blues (Johnson of Elizabeth Philadelphia 52, 116 Montagu) 211 Philanthropic Society of London 128 Quincy, Josiah 52 philanthropy 128 , 141 Phillips, Richard (Askesian member and radicalism and republicanism 10– 11, 56, 79, 101, lecturer) 129, 134 106, 127, 128, 136, 139 Phillips, Richard (publisher) 109, 113 Raleigh, Walter 171 philosophy of geography 94 rational and affective values 97, 217 Phreas, John 73 Rational Christians 59, 218 Pinkerton, John 102, 112– 13, 116 Rational Dissent (general) 6– 8, 14, 18–19, 22, 41, Poems (Barbauld 1773) 15, 207, 213 101, 127, 129, 136–42, 145 , 206, 212, 216 , 218 , poetry (see also under individual poems and poets) 224, 225 61, 62, 70, 74, 95, 117, 170, 184, 190–3, 197, Ready, Kathryn 10, 17, 95, 190, 192, 193, 208 200, 202 n 25, 206, 207, 209, 211, 213, 218, Reason (general, as appeal and justiﬁcation) 16, 58, 220, 225 62, 108, 131 Poetry for Children (Lucy Aikin 1810) 188 Rees, Abraham 129, 130 poetry of history 23 Rees’ Encyclopaedia 133, 153 n 118 poetry of place 120 rehabilitation 83 political reform (see also radicalism, liberty, French Reid, Matthew 37 Revolution) 83, 101, 111 , 139 , 159, 208, 214 Reid, Thomas 31, 82 Portable Chamber Blast Furnace (metallurgy, remedial processes 83, 141 C. R. Allen) 133, 136 repeal of the Test Acts 10, 138 Porter, Roy 88 n 19 reputation machine (Aikin family, see also Practical Electricity and Galvanism (Cuthbertson, memorializing) 20, 185, 206 1806) 134 reviews and reviewers 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 176– prayer 1, 53, 225 7, 199, 213, 221, 226 Presbyterian fund board 32 Revolution Societies 137 Presbyterian Tories (William Turner) 55 revolutionary ideals 3, 195 Presbyterian worship and discipline 172 Richardson, Samuel 53 Price, Richard 6, 53, 56, 81, 82, 127, 129, 139, 143 rights of parliament 167, 168–70 Priestley, Joseph 1–3, 6, 10, 18, 22, 23, 32, 37, 38 , 39, Rise and Decline of the Roman Empire (Gibbon) 163 43, 51 n 41, 55, 56, 61, 69 n 41, 81, 82, 95 , 96, Robbins, Thomas 33, 45 111, 129, 130, 132, 142, 145 n 1, 148 n 25, 185, Robinson, David 126 212, 214, 218, 222, 225 Robinson, Henry Crabb 194 Priestley and Barbauld 224–6 Rochemont, Charles 15–16 Priestley memorial gathering (1833 ) 126 Rodgers, Betsy 84, 185, 201 n 5 Priestley on habitual piety 64 Roebuck, John 38 prisons and imprisonment 1, 83 , 111 , 128 , 142, 143 , Ro land, Madame de l a Platière ( Jeanne, 17 54 –93) 196 144, 153 n 115, 171, 173 , 189, 211 Romantic poets 7–8, 13, 54, 219, 221

256 Index

Roper, Margaret 194 slavery and slave trade 36, 105, 108, 119, 137, Roscoe, Thomas 118 160, 206 Rotterdam, English Church at 47 Smith, Bonnie 157 Rousseau, G. S. 75 Smith, Charlotte 161 Rousseau, J. J. 192, 217–18 sociability and networks 5–7, 10–12, 16–17, 56, 212 Rowe, Elizabeth 59, 60 social and religious boundaries 99 Royal College of Physicians 79–81 social class relations 136, 144, 160 Royal Humane Society 45 social groups and universe of discourse 155 n 131 Royal Society and FRS 71, 129, 148 n 28 social marginality 9, 131, 137, 138, 144, 154 n 120, Royal Society of Arts 18, 134 , 135 –6 160, 206 Rumford’s experiments on atmosphere 132 Society for Constitutional Information 143 Rush, Benjamin 116 Socinians 32, 214, 218, 225 Russell, Gillian 5–7 Southey, Robert 21, 27 n 57 Spectator, The 219–20 salaries and earnings 39, 107, 128 Spirit of the Constitution (John Aikin 1790) 18, 81 Salters Hall Evening Lectures (London) 129 Spongberg, Mary 157, 195 savage life and savages 181 n 111 , 192, 193 St Albans Dissenters’ charity school 29, 43 savant neighbourhoods 129 St-Aubin, Stéphanie Félicité Ducrest de, comtesse Scarlet Whore of Babylon 144 de Genlis 107 Schnorrenberg, Anna 205 St Paul’s Coffee House 128 science (general in culture, see also speci ﬁc sciences, stadial theory 114, 190, 192, 193 , 209 lectures) 136–43, 149 n 38, 190, 197 Stanhope, Charles (3rd Earl) 143, 153 n 113 science and love 190, 197, 198 Star Chamber 172 Scotland Delineated (Robert Heron 1791) 106 Stephen, Leslie 205 Scott, Thomas (Ipswich) 38 Stevenson, John 143 Scott, Walter (and Waverly Novels) 176, 196 Stewart, M. A. 48 n 8 Seasons, The (Thomson 1730) 96, 99 Stoke Newington 111–19, 141, 187, 226 secular and religious 224 Stoke Newington Friends of the People 129 secularization 22, 216–17 Stone, Lawrence 6 Seddon, John 32, 49 n 13, 64 Strickland, Agnes 158 Seditious Societies acts 139, 151 n 72 sublimity and the sublime 118, 186, 213, 216, 219, Sekora, John 90 n 45 220, 221, 222, 223, 225 Select Works of the British Poets (John Aikin) 72 Summer Evening’ s Meditation, A (Barbauld) 220 –2 self as moral arbiter 218 symbols and interactions 155 n 133 Sellers, Ian 137 sympathy spontaneous (Barbauld) 170, 207 sensibility 1–3, 58, 63, 89 n 31, 213, 218, 224, 225 sensible objects 141 Task, The (Cowper 1785) 101 sentiment 40, 99, 120, 138, 156, 163, 164, Taylor, Charles 22, 216–17, 222 196–7 Taylor, Isaac 1 separate rights (of women) 162, 197 Taylor, John (hymn-writer) 194 separate spheres 191 Taylor, John (minister, tutor) 38, 41, 88 n 24, 194 sexual division of labour 6 Taylor, Richard (publisher) 189, 194 sexually alert irony 197 Taylor, Susannah (1755–1823)andfamily187, Shefﬁeld 47, 49 n 18 194–7 Shelley– Godwin family 208 Taylor, William 112 Shepherd, William 128, 130, 131, 142, 146 n 13, teaching 32, 39– 43, 61, 68 n 29 153 n 109 technological change (general) 144, 145 Shryock, Richard H. 92 n 70 Test and Corporation Acts (see also Toleration Simmel, Georg 126 Act) 9, 53, 55, 56, 80, 137 , 138, 160, 210 Simpson, John 33, 41, 47 theological discussions (particular instances) 58–9, Simson, John (Glasgow) 31 60, 64, 114, 207, 212, 216, 224–6 Sin and Damnation (see also theological theological teaching and training 41 discussions) 65 Thomas, Henry 7 Sins of Government (Barbauld 1793) 16 Thompson, E. P. 127, 144 Skeete, Thomas (medical lecturer) 128 Thomson, James (poet) 96

Index 257

Thoughts on the Devotional Taste (Barbauld 1775) 59 Warrington 19, 95–7, 185 toleration 126, 165, 208 Warrington Academy 14, 17, 21, 28–43, 51 n 44, 54, Toleration Act 55, 56 55, 58, 61, 64, 71, 76, 77, 85 n 3, 86 n 6, 88 n torture 171, 172 24, 100, 127, 129, 137, 146 n 8, 147 n 21, 149 n tours and excursions 110, 119 39, 190, 206, 207, 212, 214, 218 transportation to New South Wales 130 Warrington Academy and Dissent 42–3, 71, 214, 223 treason and sedition 139 Warrington and medicine 84 Trimmer, Sarah 68 n 35, 108 Washing Day (poem) 13 Trumpet of Liberty (John Taylor 1789) 195 waterways 96, 104 Tuite, Clara 5 Watson, Thomas 33, 44 Tungsten 133 Watts, Isaac 32, 36, 64, 69 n 42, 97 Turner, William 11, 29, 31, 34, 39, 40, 53, 89 n 35, 207 Watts, Ruth 92 n 64 tyranny 171 Wedgwood, Josiah 137 West Indian students 42 Unitarian Society of London 143 Whig history 167 Unitarianism 7, 14, 32, 33, 41, 46, 52, 65, 128, 129, White, Charles (Manchester surgeon) 71, 84 136–43, 147 n 14, 189, 216, 217 White, Daniel 7, 14, 160, 165, 183, 184 Universal Geography (Guthrie) 114 Whytt, Robert 76 universities 9, 18, 29, 31, 42, 46, 76, 80, 91 n 54, Wilberforce, William 128 103, 115, 127 Willard, Joseph (Harvard) 53 University of Aberdeen 31–2 Williams, Edward (Unitarian poet) 106 University of Edinburgh 71, 76 Williams, Helen Maria 118 University of Leyden 71, 100 witchcraft and magic 172 University of Padua 75–7, 88 n 20 Wollstonecraft, Mary 63, 197 Unwin, Samuel 36 women (general) 6, 20, 57, 60, 117, 141, 142, 156–77 urban society and networks 137 women, condition of 117 urbane culture 131–6, 145 women and education 52, 57, 193 women and intellect 57, 190 vaccination 23, 27 n 60, 84 women as victims 158, 192 Varley, Samuel 132 women’s history 174, 210 women’s power and family relationships 10, 22, Wadsworth, Field Sylvester 39 175, 188, 193, 197, 200, 201 Wakeﬁeld, Anne 23, 190, 197 Woodall, John 80 Wakeﬁeld, Gilbert 21, 40, 58, 67 n 23, 128, 129, Woodfall, William 213 208, 211, 215 Wordsworth, William 60 Walker, George (Nottingham) 47 Worthington, Hugh 129 Walpole, Horace 10 Wykes, David 3, 8, 12, 214 Waltire, John (natural philosopher) 37 Wynn, C. W. Williams 21 want and guilt 191 war, its political and social impacts on Dissent Yarmouth, 17, 71, 100–6, 128 18, 53, 62, 78, 101, 108, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, Young, Arthur 103, 121 n 5 126, 129, 139, 144, 145, 160, 165, 179 n 29, Young, Robert (science lecturer) 128 211, 226 warm and angry foes 130 zealous feminism 195