1864 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 1,
Frick, J. W. Harvey, the Robinson Publishing Company, and MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. the Times Publishing Company, against "'the tariff on linotype A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. W. J. · machines-to the Committee on Ways and Means. BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House ha
S. 713. An act granting an increase of pension to Ephriam A. Mr. BURKETT presented the affidavit of Dr. H. P. Sheldon, Gordon; of Scottsbluff, Nebr., l;o accompany the bill (S. 3643) granting · S. 777. An act granting an increase of pension to Byron Lent; an increase of pension to Seth Raymond; which was referred S. 783. An act granting an increase of pension to Moses H. to the Committee on Pensions. Sawyer; He also presented a petition of the Commercial Club of Blair, S. 786. A.n act granting an increase of pension to' Patrick and a petition of the Commercial Club of Omaha, in the State Garvey; of Nebraska, praying for a reduction of the postage on first S. 844. Ln act granting an increase of pension to James W. class mail matter; which were referred to the Committee on Regan; Post-Offices and .Post-Roads. S. 840. An act granting an increase of pension to Horatio He also presented petitions of the Corn Improvers' Associa Carter; tion and the Association of Agricultural Students, of the State S. 988. An act granting a pension to Russell A. McKinley; of Nebraska, praying- that increased appropriations be made and for the maintenance of agricultural experiment stations ; which S. 1444. An act granting a pension to Dora H. Kuhns. were referred to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. PEmiONS AND MEMORIALS. He also presented a paper to accompany the bill ( S. 1344) for The VICE-PRESIDENT presented a memorial of Local Union the relief of John M. Burks; which was referred to the Com No. 228, Cigar Makers' Ihternational Union, of San Francisco, mittee on Claims. Cal., remonstrating against the enactment of legislation pro He also pre·sented the petition of Charles Wei11~, of Harting viding for a reduction of the tariff on all cigars and tobacco ton, Nebr., praying for the removal of the tariff on linotype manufactured in the Philippine Islands to 25 per cent of the and composing machines; which was referred to the Committee. _rate stipulated in the so-called" Dingley tariff bill;" which was on Finance. referred to the Committee on the Philippines. He also presented a petition of Claud Champion Division, No. 1\Ir. PENROSE presented petitions of Local Lodge No. 593, 217, Order of Railway Conductors, of Lincoln, Nebr., praying Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of Dubois ; of Sam Sloan for the passage of the so-called " employers' liability bill; " Division, No. 276, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, of Scran which was referred to the Committee· on Interstate Commerce. ton, and of Local Lodge No. 511, Brotherhood of Railroad Train .Mr. GALLINGER presented a petition of -sundry citizens of men, of Philadelphia, all in the State of Pennsylvania, praying New Hampshire, praying that an appropriation be made to com for the passage of the so-called "anti-injunction bill;" which pile and publish the names and data connected therewith of the were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. census of 1790 ; which was referred to the . Committee on the He also presented a petition of Johnstown Council, No. 303, Census. United Commercial Travelers of America, of Johnstown, Pa., He also presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Tem vraying for the adoption of an amendment to the present bank perance Union of Henniker, N. H., praying for an investigation ruptcy law making commercial salesmen preferred creditors; of the charges made and filed again-st Hon. REED SMOOT, a Sena which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. tor from the State of Utah; which was referred to the Com He also presented a petition of the Young Men's Christian mittee on Privileges and Elections. Association of Easton, Pa., praying for the enactment of legis He also presented a petition of Alonzo Palmer Post, No. 170, lation to· prohibit the sale of intoxicating liquors in all Gov Department of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Republic, of Su ernmen.t buildings, ships, and grounds; which was referred to perior, Wis., praying for the enactment of legislation to estab the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. lish a temporary Soldiers' Home in the Di-strict of Columbia He also presented a petition of the Oakland Board of Trade, for soldiers and sailors of the late wars; which was referred of Pittsburg, Pa., praying that an appropriation of $3,000,000 to the Committee on the District of Columbia. be made for the purchase of a site and the erection of a post He also presented a petition of the Anacostia Citizens' As office bu_ilding in that city; which was referred to the Commit -sociation, of Anacostia, D. C., praying for the passage of the tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. bill proposed by the Commissioners of the District of Columbia He also pre!;>ented a petition of Pineville Grange, Patrons of relative to the changes in the public schools and on the board Husbandry, of Buckmanville, Pa., and a petition of Friendsville of education in the District of Columbia; which was referred to Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, of Friendsville, Pa., praying the Committee on the District of Columbia. for the adoption of an amendment to the present oleomargarine He also presented petitions of sundry citizens · of Phila law by striking out the word "knowingly" in the sixth section delphia and Germantown, Pa., praying for the enactment of leg thereof; which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture islation providing separate statehood for the Indian Territory; and Forestry. which were ordered to lie on the table. He also presented a petition of the Board of Trade of Pitts He also presented petitions of sundry citizens of North Weare, burg, Pa., praying for the enactment of legislation to incorpo N . . H., and of Newkirk, Okla., praying for the enactment of rate the Lake Erie and the Ohio River Ship Canal and defining legislation to prohibit the sale of intoxicating liquors in the the powers thereof; which was referred to the Committee on Indian and Oklaho]Jla Territories when admitted to Statehood; Commerce. which were ordered to lie on the table. He also presented a memorial of Local Union No. 301, Cigar Mr. LODGE presented a petition of the Boston Museum of Makers' International Union of America, of Akron, Pa., remon Fine Arts, of Massachusetts, praying for the repeal of the strating against any reduction of the duty on cigars and to present duty on works of art; which was referred to the Com bacco imported from the Philippine Islands; which was re mittee on Finance. ferred to the Committee on the Philippines. Mr. HEMENWAY presented a petition of Post Q, Indiana He also ·presented a petition of the Young Men's Christian Division, Travelers' Association, of New Albany, Ind., praying Association of Easton, Pa., praying for the passage of the so for the passage of the so-called "parcels-post bill;" which was called "Hepburn-Dolliver bill" to enlarge the powers of the referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. Interstate Commerce Commission ; which was referred to the He also presented a petition of Good Will Lodge, No. 52, Committee on Interstate Commerce. . Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, of Logansport, Ind., pray He also presented a petition of the Young Men's Christian ing for the passage of the so-called " anti-injunction bill ; " Association of Easton, Pa., and a petition of the Woman's which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Home Missionary Society of the State of Pennsylvania, praying He also presented a petition of the .Manufacturers' Club of for the enactment of legislation to prohibit the sale of intoxi Fort Wayne, Ind., and a petition of sundry citizens of Indian cating liquors in the Indian Territory when admitted to state apolis, Ind., praying for the enactment of legislation to en hood; which were ordered to lie on the table. large the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission; He also presented petitions of· Local Lodge No. 511, Brother which were referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. hood of Railroad Trainmen, of Philadelphia; of Quaker City He also presented a petition of Vigo Lodge, No. lG, Brother Division, No. 204, Order of Railway Conductors, of Philadel hood of Locomotive Firemen, of -Terre H aute; of Tecumseh phia; of Sam Sloan Division, No. 276, Brotherhood of Locomo Lodge, No. 402, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of Lafay tive Engineers, of Scranton; of Local Lodge No. 174, Brother ette, and Good Will Lodge, No. 52, Brotherhood of Locomotive hood of Locomotive Firemen, of Harrisburg, · and of Local Firemen, of Logansport, all in the State of Indian:1, praying Division No. 163, Order of Railway Conductors, of Oil Cjty, for the passage of the so-called "employers' liability bill; " all in the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the passage of the which were referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. so-called " employers' liability bill; " which were referred to Mr. ALLISON presented a petition · of the Japane e and the Committee on Interstate Commerce. Korean Executive League, of San Francisco, Cal., praying for He also presented sundry papers to accompany the bill ( S. the strict enforcement of the present Chinese-exclusion 1aw; 3752) for the relief of the widow of Everett Wroe; which were which was referred to the Committee on Immigration. referred to the Committee on Claims. He also presented a petition of sundrY: citizens of Dubuque, 1~66 CONGRESS! ON .AL RECORD-SEN.A.TE~ FEBRUARY 1,
Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation to prevent the could not receive papers at all until they came through the destruction of Niagara Falls. . on the American side, by the Senate. There was no disposition whatever to impo e any diver ion of the waters for manufacturing purposes; which was regulations that were not proper or anything that was not in referred to the Committee on Forest Reservations and the Pro conformity with the rules of the Senate, nor is there any dis tection of Game. position on the part of the committee to presume to make rules. He also presented a petition of Local Union No. 1, American It is not a rule. It was simply .a request on the part of the Society of Equity, of Panora, Iowa, praying for the passage of file clerk of the Senate that that order might be observed. At the so--called "railroad-rate bill;" which was referred to the least I discovered when the matter was brought to my atten Oom.rriittee on Interstate Commerce. tion that it arose in that way. The clerks hereafter in the Com Mr. MARTIN presented petitions of Oak Grove Council ; mittee on Claims will receive papers Senators send to them and Hague Council, No. 193, of Hague; Bell Haven Council, No. 61, file them with the papers in the custody of the committee. of Alexandria; John Forbes Council, No. 144, of Danville; I am very sorry that any Senator should have been put to Stonewall Council; Industry Council, No. 22, of Norfolk; Cornet any annoyance or inconvenience by reason of the misunder Council, No. 29, of Quicksburg; Alexandria Council; Waterford standing. Council, No. 75, of Waterford; William McKinley Council, No. M:r. LODGE. It is no annoyance to me, Mr. President. It is 182, of Richmond ; Eagle Rock Council, No. 91, of Eagle Rock ; not that. It is only a matter of practice. We have been in the Round Hill Council, No. 203, of Round Hill; Thomas Jefferson habit of filing additional papers to accompany bills with the Council, No. 109, of Berkley, and Lovettsville Council, No. 101, clerks of committees to which the bills and previous papers had of Lovettsville, all of the Junior Order United American Me been referred. If there is to be a ru1e as to the filing of addi chanics; of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners tional papers, that ru1e shou1d be made through the Committee of America, of Fredericksburg, and of Poquoson Tribe, No. 124, on Rules and adopted by the Senate. All I desire to say is Independent Order of Royal Masons, of Danville, all in the that I do not think rules should be made except through the State of Virginia, praying for the enactment of legislation to proper channel. restrict immigration; which were referred to the Committee REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. "On Immigration. Mr. PETTUS, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to Mr. BACON presented a memorial of sundry property owners whom was referred the bill ( S. 2355) to reorganize the COl'PS and residents on Oregon avenue, Washington, D. C., remonstrat of dental surgeons attached to the Medical Department of the ing against the proposed change of name of that avenue; which Army, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report wa.s referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. thereon. Mr. STONE presented petitions of Terminal Lodge, No. 472, Mr. ALGER, from the Committee on Commerce, to whom was Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of St. Louis, Mo.; of Local referred the concurrent resolution submitted by Mr. HEMEN-. Division No. 55, Order of Railway Conductors, of Kansas City; w AY on Janua1·y 31, 1906, providing for a survey for a harbor of Anchor Lodge, No. 54,. Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, of in Lake County, Ind., reported it without amendment. Moberly, and of Easter Lodge, No. 481, Brotherhood of Locomo- He also, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom . tive Firemen, of St. Louis, all in the State of Missouri, praying was referred the bill ( S. 1942) to correct the military record of for the passage of the so-called " employers'" liability bill; " George A. Winslow, reported it without amendment. which we1·e referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. 1\Ir. SCOTT, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom Mr. CLARK of Montana presented a petition of Butte Lodge was referred the bill ( S. 733) granting an honorable discha1·ge No. 580, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of Butte, Mont., to Jacob Niebels, reported it without amendment. praying for the passage of the so-called " eml}loyers' liability He also, from the same committee, to whom wa.s referred the bill;" which was referred to the Committee on Interstate bill (S. 1862) for the relief of Joshua T. Reynolds, reported it Commerce. without amendment. Mr. P .A.Tl'ERSON presented a petition of W. E. McGraw He also, from the same committee, to whom was refer1·ed the Lodge, No. 680, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of Denver, bill ( S. 3804) for the relief of Joshua T. ReynoldS, moved that Colo., praying for the passage of the so-called " employers' lia the bill be postponed indefinitely; which was agreed to. bility bill;" which was referred to the Committee on Interstate He also. from the same. committee. to whom was referred the Commerce. bill ( S. 3157) restoring the name of Henry L. Beck to the Army Mr. PLATT presented a petition of Ontario Lodge, No. 69, rolls as captain and providing that he then be placed on the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of. Oswego, N. Y., and a retired list, reported advet'Sely thereon; and the bill was post petition of Local Lodge No. 315, Brotherhood of. Locomotive poned indefinitely. Firemen, of Albany, N. Y., praying for the passage of the so- Mr. FOSTER, from the Committ-ee on Military Affairs, to called " employers' liability bill ; " which were referred to the whom was referred the bill (S. 2325) for the relief of James D. Committee on Interstate Commerce. Vernay, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report Mr. NELSON presented a petition of Local Division No. 360, thereon. Order of Railway Conductors, of Two Harbors, Minn., praying He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the for the passage of the so-culled " employers' liability bill; " bill (S. 2051) for the relief of James D. Vernay, moved that the which was referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. bill be postponed indefinitely; which was agreed to. Mr. KNOX presented a petition of Local Lodge No. 174, M:r. MONEY. I am instructed by the Committee on Foreign Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, of Harrisburg, Pa., and a Relations to report with a favorable recommendation two state petition of Van Bergen Lodge, No. G2, Brotherhood of Loco- ments of award, one a. report by the Secretary of State showing moti"Ve Firemen, of Carbondale, Pa., praying for the passage of the obligation to pay. under the convention of November 7. 1899, the so-called "employers• liability bill;" which were referred the sum of $760 in the settlement of Danish claims, and the other to tl;le Committee on Interstate Commerce. a report by the Secretary of State concerning this Government's PAPERS ACCOMPANYING CLAIMS BILLS. obligation to pay that of Germany 20,000 for the settlement of Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I was out of the Senate yester ceJ.~tain Samoan claims. The matters have been adjusted, and I day when some remarks were made in regard to the introduc suppose the prqper course would be to refer the items to the tion of a paper to which I called attention the previous day. Committee on Appropriations, to be inserted in the general defi I wish simply to say in regard to it what I sh()Uld have said ciency appropriation bill. The awards ought to be paid at once. ye terday if I had been here. They have remained for a good while unpaid. I ask that that Whatever ru1es the Senate makes, of courser we all must reference be made. conform to. I have no doubt that is a good Yule, but I think The VICE-PRESIDENT. The reports will be referred to the 1·ule should be made by the Senate and not by the Secretary of Committee on Appropriations. the Senate or by the clerks of committees. I think if there is Mr. WARNER, from the Committee on Military Affair , to a necessity for a rule in regard to the introduction of papers whom was referred the bill (S. 832) to correct the military it should be settled by Senate rules. I have no objection to the record of Asa Niles, repOrted it without amendment, and sub ru1e or the practice, but I do think ru1es. ought to be made by mitted a. report thereon. the propel~ authority. He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the 1\fr. FULTON. Mr. President, in order that the Senator from bill (S. 1951) to correct the military record of Talton T. Davis, Massachusetts may undet·sta.nd my position, I wish to state reported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. that I called the matter up yesterday morning simply that I He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the might explain that the present Committee on Claims has en bill (S. 3277) to remove the charge of desertion from the record tered upon no different practice from that which obtained be of \Villiam W. Kerhy, submitted an adverse report thereon; fore. We have not made any innovation. . which was agreed to, and the bill postponed indefinitely. The matter arose from a misunderstanding, I will state to Mr. BULKELEY, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to the Senator from Massachu~etts. One of the clerks thought he , whom was refened the bill (S. 497) to authorize the Prfsident 1906. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1867.
to revoke the order dismissing William T. Godwin, late first with the accompanying paper, .referred to the Committee on lieutenant, Tenth Infantry, United States Army, and to place Pensions. the said William T. Godwin on the retired list with the rank of 1\Ir. GAMBLE introduced a bill (S. 4010) granting an increase first lieutenant, reported it without amendment, and submitted a of pension to Bridget Egan; which was read twice by its title, report thereon. . and referred to the Committee on Pensions. He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the 1\Ir. SCOTT introduced a bill ( S. 4011) for the relief of the bill (S. 3338) for the relief of John L. O'Mara, reported it with estate of Anne McCauley, deceased; which was read twice by out amendment, and submitted a report thereon. its title, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the 1\'Ir. GAMBLE, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to Committee on Claims. whom was referred the bill (S. 2787) to amend the act of Con Mi·. ALGER introduced a bill (S. 4012) granting a pension to gress approved February 11, 1901, entitled "An act providing Josephine V. Van Voorhees; which was read twice by its title, for allotments of lands in severalty to the Indians of the La and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Pointe, or Bad River, Reservation, in the State of Wisconsin," He also introduced a bill (S . .4013) granting an increase of reported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. pension to George l\l. Horton; which was read twice by its title, He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the and referred to the Committee on Pensions. bill (S. 2788) to enable the Indians on the La Pointe, or Bad 1\fr. CRANE introduced a bill (S. 4014) to construct and place River, Reservation to obtain title to the lots occupied by them a light-ship near the eastern end of Hedge Fence Shoal, at the in the village of Odanah, Wis., and to have said village sur entrance to Vineyard Sound., Massachusetts; which was rea A bill (S. 4036) granting an increase of pension to Edwin D. what severely a couple of committees, charging them with en- Patterson. gaging in the game of shuttlecock and battledoor, was de irons Mr. BACON introduced the following bills; which were sev- to get a vote; but I · wanted to make a brief statement, when erally read twice by their titles, and, with the accompanying pa- the morning hour expired and something el e came up. We pers, referred to the Committee on Claims: have bad nothing about it since, and my statement is in the A bill (S. 4037) for the relief of the heirs of Clark Gorham, limbo of nowhere. I should like to know where that r~quest deceased ; has gone. A bill (S. 4038) for the relief of Mrs. S. A. Dunn; The VICE-PRESIDENT. The morning hour has not expired. A bill ( S. 4039) for the relief of the heirs of Matthew Hig- Mr. TILLMAN. I am speaking about the morning hour on ginbotham, deceased; Tuesday, when this matter was up and the request of the Sena- A bill (S. 4040) for the relief of the heirs of Elisha Mash- tor from West Virginia was pending. It was something in the burn, decea ed; nature of a resolution, I suppose, although it was not a re olu- A bill (S. 4041) for the relief of the heirs of Mrs. Hannah tion, either, and I want to know what bas become of the matter. Pruett, decea ed; and The VICE-PRESIDEN".r. The Senator from West Virginia A bill (S. 4042) for the relief of the heirs of Simeon Stephens, made a motion to refer the bills to the Committee on the Judi- deceased. ciary, but afterwards stated that when the Senator from South Mr. FORAKER introduced a bill (S. 4043) to create a new Carolina had an opportunity to be heard he would withdraw his Federal judicial district in Ohio, to be called the central dis- motion to refer and ask that the bills be retained in the Com trict ; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the mittee on Inter tate Commerce. Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. TILLMAN. But the Senator from South Carolina ha not lie al o introduced a bill ( S. 4044) granting a pension to been heard, and I want to kn9w what has gone with the busi Phebe Bailey; which was read twice by its title, and referred to ne s. the Committee on Pensions. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The business will come properly He also introduced a bill (S. 4045) granting an increase of before the Senate after the morning business has been closed. pension to William C. Baker; which was read twice by its Mr. TILLMAN. To-day? title, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Com- The VICE-PRESIDE.... TT. To-day. mittee on Pen ions. .Mr. TILLMAN. All right; I just wanted to know. Nothing 1\!r. BAILEY intr·oduced a bill (S. 4046) to incorporate The was done with it ye terday, and I wanted to get in my little Edes Home; which was read twice by its title, and referred statement sometime or other. I wanted to know when I would to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 1 have a chance. l\fr. LODGE introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 28) to fill 1 The VICE-PRESIDEl\TT. Are there concurrent or other reso a vacancy in the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Insti- Iutions? If not, the Chair lays before the Senate bills from tution; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the 1 the House of Repre entatives for reference. Committee on the Library. HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. AMENDMENTS TO BILLS. H. R. 8442. An act permitting the building of a dam acrOSS :M:r. G~fBLE submitted an amendment propo ing to appro- 1~ the Rock River at Grand Detour, Ill., was read twice by its title, priate 3,200 for clerical work and stationery in the office of and referred to the Committee on Commerce. the United States Surveyor-General required on surveys within H. n.. 13538. An act to incorporate The Carnegie Foundation the Pine Ridge Indian Re ervation, S. Dak., int~nded to be for the Advancement of Teaching was read twice by its title, proposed by him to t~e Indian appropria.tion bill; which was I and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. · referred to the Committee on Indian AffairS, and ordered to be DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE WITH SANI'O DOMINGO. printed. . · . The VICE-PRESIDENT. The 9hair lays befnre the Senate a ~Ir. RAYNER subn:~Jtted an amend~ent propo~~g to appro- resoluti_pn coming over from ye terday, which will be read. priate. $3,0 for grading and con tructmg a retamm.g wall a~d The Secretary read the resolution submitted yesterday by l\lr. for miscellaneous work at t~e post-office at Annap~h , Md., m- TILLMAN, as follow : tei_Id~d to. be prOf? d by him to the urgent d~ficiency Ul)pro- Resolved., That the President be 1·equested to send to the Senate, lf, pnatiOn bill· which was r eferred to the Committee on Appro- in his judgment it is not incompatible with the public welfare, all the priations, and ordered to be printed. correspondence ap~ dispatches sent to or received at the State Depart- 1\Ir. FULTO~ ubmitted an amendment authorizing the Sec- ~ ment fr?m ~~r mmlster or other representative at Santo Domingo during retary of tlle Int rior to permit owners of sheep to cross the the ,year 19 · . . . Umatilla Imlian I eservati n, in the State of Oregon, with their 'Ihe VIC.E-PRESIDENT. The questiOn IS upon agreemg to :flocks in gning to and returning from summer range. , intended the ~esolutiOn. . . to be propo ed by him to tbe Indian appropriation bill; which Mr .. NELSO:N. ~ thmk t:he re oluti~n ought t~ go to the was referred to the Committee on Indian Affair and ordered Committee on Foreign Relatwns.. I. make .that ~ot10n. to be printed. ' .Mr. TILL~. I hav.e no obJection to .Its. gom~ to the Com- hlr. BRANDEGEE submitted an amendment proposing to mit_tee ?~ F~Ieig.n Relation.' th?ugh! as It IS a ~rn;tple matter appropriate $450 to pay Cha.rles G. Phelps for extra services as of mqu~ry ?I ~ req?e ~ :_~r. mfoimation of t?e Pre Ident ab~ut 1 k f the select committee appointed to consider the me·s- some nan action m re ~nd to Santo ~ommgo that occurred ~ae:e 0~ the Hou e of Repre"'entatives relating to the impeach- two years ago, r. thougllt ~a~ I?robably It was not necessary to ment of Charle Swayne, intended to be proposed by him to the have any c n:rnitt :on 1.d~ It. t d fi · . .· ti b"ll1 . h' h f ·ed t 0 th :Mr. SPOO:'\ER. l\lr. Pre ulent-- ~~~tt!e c~un~ea~~~1~Ei~~~.o::nd 01:d~-e~ tow~! ~~i~~~d. e . The_VICE-PUESIDE ... TT. Does• .the S~nator from South Caro- :Mr. l\10NEY ~ ubrnitted an amendment intended to . be pro- lma yield to the Seua.tor from " 1 <:onsm? posed by llim to tlle bill (H. n.. ) for preventing the manu- l\1~. TILL~If-N. With pleas~e. . . . . facture, sale, or ti·an portation of adulterated or misbranded ~I: SPOO~~R. I sh~uld hk~ to r~mark, if ~~rmttted: that or poisonou or deleteriou foods, druo-~, medicines, and liquors, add1ti?nal con esponden e on th1.s s~bJect was lc.1d before the . . 1 t· g traffic therein and for otller purpo es. which comm1tt~e on. ye terday, and perhul)s 1t embraces what the Sena- an d f OJ r egu a ill . • ' tor has m mmd. wa ref~rred to the Committee on Manufactures, and ordered 1\fr. TILLMAN. I was just looking through the papers pub- to be prmted. r h d f th · 1004-5 d I th' h · . Mr. FORAKER submitted an amendment intended to be pro- IS e or e years • an see no mg ere smce posed by him to the bill (S. 285) to further regulate commerce August, 1904.. ~ . with foreign nations and among the States, and to amend the Mr. SPO~NER. Perhaps the Senator had bett~r let 1t go la th t subject now in force. which was referred to the to the committee and find whether we alre~dy have 1t. . ws ~~ a I t . tat Commerc~ and ordered to be printed. 1\Ir. 1\IcCREARY.. I ask that the re.olutwn be read r..~~L..l. • Commi ee on n ers e • The Secretary agrun read the resolutwn. EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY BILLS. 1\fr. TILLl\IAN. Mr. President, it was asserted in the nate l\lr. TILL:\IAN. Mr. Pre ident, I rise to make a parlia- yesterday that it is generally un light, and I am perfectly willing to have the matter go to the NEW LONDON HARBOB, CONNECTICUT. Committee on Foreign Relations, hoping that we will get this The bill (S. 2771) to establish a light and fog-signal station corre pondence at an early date. on Southwest Ledge, entrance to New London Harbor, Con The VICE-PRESIDENT. Without objection, the resolution necticut, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It pro ts referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. The morn-· vides that the sum of $60,000, appropriated by the act approved ing business is closed, and the Calendar is in order. on April 28, 1904, for establishing a light and fog-signal station at or near Black Ledge, entrance to New London Harbor, Con EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY BILLS. necticut, may be used ·toward the construction of a light and fog Mr. TILLMAN. What has become of the railroad liability signal station at or near Southwest Ledge, entrance to New bills, 1\fr. President, or the motion of the Senator from West London Harbor, Connecticut, and appropriate the further sum Virginia [Mr. ELKINS]? of $55,000 to establish and construct the light and fog-signal The VICE-PRESIDENT. They are waiting to bear from the station at or near Southwest Ledge. Senator from South Carolina. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or Mr. TILLMAN. But they have not come up yet. The Sena dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, tor has no right to speak unless they come up. and passed. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The bills will be laid before the The title was amended so as to read: "A bill to establish a Senate upon motion or by unanimous consent. light and fog-signal station at or near Southwest Ledge, en Mr. TILLMAN. If that be the case, I should like to have trance to New London Harbor, Connecticut." them taken up now and disposed of. I have only a brief BREAKWATER AT NANTUCKET, MASS. statement to make. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Without objection, the bills will be Th~ Senate proceeded to consider the resolution submitted by stated by the Secretary. Mr. LoDGE January 16, 1906, and reported by Mr. CRANE, from The SECRETARY. Order of Business 505-Senate bill 156 and the Committee on Commerce, January 18, 1906, without amend Senate bill 1657, relating to the liability of common carriers. ment, as follows : Resolved by the Senate (the H01J,se of Representatives concurritl!J), .1\f.r. TILLMAN. As I said a moment ago, Mr. President, the That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, authorized and Senator from Virginia, in his remarks on Tuesday, criticised directed to inquire into the advisability of establishing a harbor . of the Committee on Interstate Commerce and the Committee on refuge by the construction of a breakwater on the island of Nantucket, Massachusetts, at or near the westerly side of Great Point, for the the Judiciary for their action in regard to these bills, they hav purpose of providing better protection for commerce and the lessening ing been sent backward and forth between the two committees of the perils of navigation to coastwise traffic in the adjacent waters. for two or three years, it seems, neither committee being willing, The concurrent resolution was agreed to. apparently, to consider them and Feport them either favorably I or unfavorably. FOG SIGNAL AT EDIZ HOOK, WASHINGTON. As I was instrmnental in suggesting that the bills be sent The bill ( S. 927) establishing a fog signal at Ediz Hook light back to the Judiciary Committee from the Committee on Inter- station, State of Washington, and for other purposes, was con state Commerce, of which I am an humble member, I will sim- sidered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to construct ply state the reason why. Having been absent last year from at Ediz Hook light station, Puget Sound, State of Washington, illness, and a large part of the preceding session, also from a fog signal and a double dwelling house suitable for two illne s, I was not aware that the bills had been pending and keepers, and cement walks around the building, at a cost not to bad traveled back and forth between the two committees. But exceed, in all, $10,110. I am aware that the Committee on Interstate Commerce has The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or been engaged, more or le s zealously, in considering laboriously dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, the question of rate making-in fact, to the exclusion of any and passed. · and all otl).er subjects. We have had debates there almost in LIGHT-HOUSE ON RED ROCK, SAN FRANCISCO BAY, CALIFORNIA. terminable among ourselves, and apparently, to my mind, along The bill ( S. 2277) to establish a light-house and fog signal the line of how not to do it. I do not want to criticise anybody on Red Rock, upper part of San Francisco Bay, Califor.nia, was on that committee, but we have been ingloriously d-oing nothing considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to estab In a substantive fashion ; accomplishing nothing in the way of lish a light-house and fog-signal station on Red Rock, upper an agreement. We may agree later, but I doubt it very se part of San Francisco Bay, California, at a cost not to exceed riously. $30,000. So finding ourselves burdened with this other far more im The bill was reported to the Senate without· amendment, portant measure of rate making, and· no one seeming willing ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, to even think of these little bills under discussion, and feeling and passed. myself that it was largely a question involving nice points of law, I suggested that we might as well get rid of them by send- LIGHT AND FOG SIGNAL ON KARQUINES S~AIT, CALIFORNIA. Ing them to the Judiciary Committee. No one suggested that The bill ( S. 2655) to establish a light and fog signal on Kar- they bad come to us from the Judiciary Committee. quines Strait, California, was considered as in Committee of the Therefore I for one have not engaged in any shuttlecock and Whole. It provides that there be established a light and fog battledoor business. I am willing to consider the bills, and signal on a point on Karquines Strait, California, opposite that unle s I can get additional light on them I .am not willing to now occupied by the the Selby Smelting Works, at a cost not report them. That is neither here nor there; but I am ready to exceed $50,000, and. authorizes the Light-House Board to ex now to take up the bills if they are sent back to the Interstate pend so much of this amount as may be needed from the Commerce Committee and we will do something with them. $63,000 appropriated for the construction of a light and fog That is all I want to say. signal at Point Dume, California, by the act of March 3, 1901, Mr. ELKINS. Mr. President, after the statement of the 1 for the e~tablishment of said light and fog sig?-al and quarters. Senator from South Carolina, for which I waited, he being a The bill was reported to t~e Sena~e Without am~n~ent, member of the Interstate Commerce Committee, I, spealting for ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, the committee, am willing to withdraw the motion, or request, and passed. 1 made that the committee be discharged from the further con CLAIMS OF STATE OF MISSOURI. sideration of the bills and that they be referred to the Judi Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, I c.all the attention of the ciary COmmittee, and will let the bills remain with the Inter Senator from Missouri [l\fr. W ABNER] to what I am about to state Commerce Committee. say. A day or two ago, when the Calendar was under considera The VICE-PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordered. tion, I asked that Order of Busine-ss 211, being the bill ( S. 567) The Calendar is in order. authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to make an examina· ABRAM JOHNSON. tion of certain claims of the State of Mis ouri, should be passed over. I had not then examined the blll, but after examining it The bill (S. 319) to reimburse Abram Johnson, formerly post I have no objection to it, and hope it may be now taken up. master at Mount Pleasant, Utah, was announced as the first bill The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Senator from New Hampshire in order on the Calendar, and it was considered as in Com withdraws his objection to the consideration of the bill named mittee of the Whole. It proposes to appropriate, for the reim by him, and the bill will be considered as before the Senate as in bursement of Abram Johnson, formerly postmaster at Mount Committee of the Whole, if there be no objection. Pleasant, in the State of Utah, for amount ~xpended by him The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to con4 for rent, Jigbt, and fuel, from January 1 to July 1, 1901, $73.50. sider the bill ( S. 567) authorizing the Secretary of the Treas· The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, -or ury to make an examination of -certain claims of the State of dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Missouri, which had been reported from the Committee on and pas. ed. Claims with an amendment, in -section 2, page 2, line 3, before 1870 CONGRESSIONAL -R·ECORD-SEN.ATE. FEBRUARY 1, the word "all," to strike out "audit" and insert "report;" so The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the as to make the section read : amendment was concurred in. SEc. 2. '.rhat he shall examine and report all the items of expendi The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading ; and tures made by the State for the purposes herein named, allowing only it was read the third time, and passed. for disbursements made and amounts assumed by the State tor enrolling, equipping, supplying, subsisting, transporting, and paying such troops . The title was amended so as to read: "A bill to provide for as were called into service by the governor at the request or the United the erection of a keeper's double dwelling at Bonita Point, Cali States department commanders commanding the district in which Mis fornia." souri may at that time have been included, or by the express order, consent, or concurrence of such commanders, or which may have been REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE AT SAVANNAH, GA. _ employed or used in suppressing the rebellion in said State. The bill (S. 2777) for the construction of a suitable vessel The amendment was agreed to. · for the Revenue-Cutter Service for duty at Savannah, Ga., was - The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to appro amendment was concurred in. priate $200,000 for the construction of a suitable steam revenue The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read cutter for duty at Savannah, Ga. the third time, and passed. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or Mr. ALDRICH subsequently said : A few moments ago the dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Senate passed a bill in regard to certain claims of the State of and passed. - Missouri, to which I objected on a previous day. My attention PUBLIC .BUILDING AT NEWPORT, R. I. was not attracted to the bill this morning, and I now desire to The bill ( S. 2700) to improve 'the public building at Newport, enter a motion to reconsider the vote by which the bill was R. I., was considered as in Committee of the Whole. passed. The bill was reported from the Committee on -Public Build The VICE-PRESIDENT. The motion to reconsider is en ings and Grounds with an amendment, in line 9, before the word tered. "thousand," to strike out "fifteen" and insert "twenty;" so LAND FOB LIGHT-HOUSE AT PIGEON POINT, CALIFORNIA. as to make·tbe bill read: The bill ( S. 2656) to purchase an additional strip of land to Be it enactea, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to cause to be erected an addition to the the eastward of the light-house at Pigeon Point, California, was public building at Newport, R. I., upon the site now owned by the Gov considered as in Committee of the Whole. It provides for the ernment, to ntrord additional accommodation for the mailing division of purchase of an additional strip of land to the eastward of the the post-office, including any necessary alterations in the present build light-house at Pigeon Point, California, to be added to the light ing, at a cost not to exceed the .sum o! ~20,000. bouse reservation, at a cost not to exceed $5,000. The amendment was agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, amendment was concurred in. and passed. 'l~he bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading ; and it was read the third time, and passed. PURCHASE OF TIMBER ON CEDED INDIAN LANDS. Mr. CLAPP. Mr. President, I was out of the Chamber, en AGREEMENT WITH LOWER BRULE BAND OF INDIANS. gaged in committee work, the other day when Order of Business The bill (S. 980) to ratify an agreement with the Lower Brule 207, being the bill ( S. 2786) to authorize the Secretary of the band of the Sioux tribe of Indians in South Dakota, and making Treasury to refund to purchasers of pine timber on ceded Indian appropriation to carry the same into effect, was considered as in lands sums paid in excess of the correct amounts due for timber Committee of the Whole. cut, was passed over. I ask unanimous consent for its present The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or consideration. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the and passed. ,Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. 'l'he ·preamble was agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or SOLDIERS' ADDITIONAL HOMESTEAD RIGHT. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, The bill ( S. D83) to validate certain certificates of soldiers' and passed. additional homestead right, was considered as in Committee of LIGHT-HOUSE TENDER IN HAWAIIAN AND PACIFIC WATERS. the Whole. The bill was reported from the Committee on Public Lands The bill ( S. 2658) to construct a tender for the Light-House with an amendment, in line 10, after the name "Betterton," to Service in Hawaiian and Pacific islands waters was considered strike out " Dio C. W. Brashears ; " so as to make the bill read: as in .Committee of the Whole. It provides for the construction Be it enactea, etc., That the certificates o! soldiers' additional home of a steam tender for the Light-House Service in Hawaiian and stead right, under section 2306, Revised Statutes of the United States, Pacific islands waters, at a cost not to exceed $150,000, and issued by the Commissioner of the General Land Office in May, 1 96, authorizes the Light-House Board to employ temporarily at under authotity of the act of Congress of August 1 , 1894, to M. .J. Wine, assignee of Thomas 0. George, Moses Roley, Andrew A. Harrison, Washington three draftsmen, to be paid at current rates, to pre William· Bohanan, Leland L. Betterton, James R. Blades, John P endle pare tbe plans for the steam tender. ton, Charles M. Blair, Elbert S. Wittenberg, William D. Reynolds, John The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or M. Walker, and .Caleb Sill, be, and the same are hereby, made valid. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Mr. SPOONER. Is there a report in that case, :Mr. President? and passed. The VICE-PHESIDENT. There is a report, which will be LIGHT AT POINT CABBILLO, CALIFORNIA. read, if the Senator so desires. Mr. SPOONER. I will inquire if the bill is recommended by The bill ( S. 2279) to establish a light and fog-signal station the Department. I do not care about having the entire report near Point Cabrillo, California, was considered as in Committee read. · of the Whole. • Mr. GAMBLE. :M'r. President, I would state that this bill The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with was favorably reported by the Committee on Public Lands in an amendment, to strike out all after the enacting clause and the last Congress and then passed the Senate. It has al!=;O insert : · been favorably reported at the present se sion. The bill is That there be established at or near Point Cabrillo, California, a light made necessary by reason of the construction of the law by the and fog-signal station, at a cost not to exceed $50,000. Interior Department, which favors the passage of the bill witll The amendment was agreed to. the amendment proposed by the Committee on Public Lands. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended; and the Mr. SPOONER. Then I do not ask for the reading of the amendment was concurred in. report. J The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the amendment the third time, and passed. ' reported by the Committee on Public Lands, which bas been KEEPER'S DWELLING AT BONITA POINT, CALIFORNIA. read. The bill ( S. 2275) to provide for the erection of a keeper's The amendment was agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the double dwelling at Point Bonita, California, was considered as amendment was concurred in. in Committee of the Whole. The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading ; and an amendment, in line 3, before the name " Bonita," to strike it was read the third time, and passed. out the word " Point" and insert the word " Point" after HOFFMAN ENGINEERING AND CONTRACTING COMPANY. "Bonita;" so as to make the bill read: Mr. SPOONER. On the 30th of January the Senate passed Be it enactea etc., That there be constructed at Bonita Point, Cali the bill ( S. 1648) for the relief of the Hoffman Engineering fornia, a keeper 1s double dwelling, at a cost not to exceed $15,000. and Contracting Company. I entered a motion to reconsider The amendment was agreed to. the vote by which the bill was passed, in order that I might 1906. ~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.J. 1871 examine the report and verify the impression I had as to the all of the claims have been paid, there yet remain certain claims, matter. I bave looked into it, and now ask leave to withdraw amounting to something less than a hundred thousand dollars, the motion to reconsider. I see no objection to tbe bill. as stated by tbe Auditor. The Congress has bad its attention The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Senator from Wisconsin with called to this matter several times. In the last Congress a bill draws the motion to reconsider tbe vote by which the bill re identical with this passed the Senate. I think this is a good bill ferred to by him was passed. The bill therefore stands passed. and ought to pass. . r.rhe bill was reported to tbe Senate without amendment, or· PUBLIC LAND SALES IN CALIFORNIA. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Mr. PERKINS. Mr. President, the day before yesterday, and passed. when we had under consideration the general Calend~r under STATUE OF COMMODORE JOHN BARRY. Rule VIII, at my -request tbe bill (S. 1031) granting to the State of California 5 per cent of the net proceeds of the cash The bill ( S. 86) for the erection of a monument to the memory sales of public lands in said State was passed over. I under of Commodore John Barry was considered as in Committee of stand that there is no objection to the passage of the bill, and the Whole. It provides that there shall be erected in the city of I ask that it may now be considered and acted upon. Washington, D. C., a statue to the memory of Commodore Jobu The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present Barry, and appropriates therefor $50,000. · con ideration of the bill? The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or · There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Whole, proceeded to consider: the bill (S. 1031) granting to the and passed. State of California 5 per cent of the net proceeds of the cash HOMESTEAD BIGHTS OF CERTAIN MONTANA CITIZENS. sales of public lands in said State. It proposes to grant to tbe The bill (S. 541) for tbe relief of certain citizens of Montana State of California 5 per cent of the net proceeds of the cash claiming the benefit of the homestead laws was considered as sales of tbe public lands which have been heretofore made by in Committee of the Whole. It provides that no purchaser of the United States since the admission of said State, or may land under the terms of the act to provide for tbe sale of lands hereafter be made in that State, to nid in the support of the patented to certain members of the Flathead band ·of Indians public or common schools of said State. in tbe Territory of Montana, and for other purposes, approved .1\:Ir. SPOONER. Why has tbere been this long delay in set March 2, 1889, shall, on· account of such purchase, be beld to tling the claim of California? have exhausted bis or her right to enter land under the· home 1\fr. PERKINS. I will state tbat California was peculiarly stead laws, but every such person shall, if otherwise qualified, situated. It was never a Territory of the Union, but it organ be, notwithstanding such purchase, entitled to tbe benefit of the ized its own government and came into the Union as a State homestead laws. · without the special proviso being made in its behalf that was Mr. BEVERIDGE. Mr. President-- made in the case of the other States. 1\Ir. KEAN. Let the report be read. Mr. TELLER. 1\lr. President, that is a bill, as I understand, .M:r. BEVERIDGE. I was about to ask the Senator from which simply deals with the State of California, is it not? Montana [.Mr. CARTER] to explain the bill. Mr. PERKINS. I call the attention of the Senator to the 1\!J.·. CART:J.Jm, The bill applies _to very few persons and report of the committee-- is intended to remove a disability inadvertently imposed by tbe . Mr. TELLER. I do not care about that. I want to know terms of the law. Under the terms of the act .referred to cer about the bill. tain· lands were to be sold at public auction, and it was pro 1\lr. PERKINS. It only deals with California. vided that no one should be qualified to bid unless he possessed Mr. TELLER. The Senator is mistaken. There are several the qualifications of a homestead entryman. This provision other States that bave claims of the same kind. was made in lieu of the statement that the bidder must be a Mr. PERKINS. l\Iy authority is the General Land Office. citizen of tbe United States. .Mr. TELLER. Well, the General Land Office is mistaken. The Land Department subsequently held that the purchasers ' The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or- of such land at public auction, by virtue of the terms of the dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, law, forfeited their homestead rights. It was manifestly not and passed. so intended. In 1900 an act was passed curing the disabilities CLAIMS FOR ADDITIONAL BOUNTIES. referred to, but that act applied only to sales made prior to The bill ( S. 613) repealing an aCt entitled "An act to extend 1900. A number of sales at public auction have been made the time for presenting claims for additional bounties," and its since 1900, and this bill is intended to relieve the persons at amendments and extensions, so far as they limit the time for such sales from the disabilities imposed. The Department ap· pre enting claims for additional bounties granted to soldiers by proves tbe bill. tbe twelfth and thirteenth sections of tbe act of July 28, 1866, 1\Ir. BEVERIDGE. I understand it now. . was con idered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or· repeal the provisions of an act of Congress approved ·July 13, dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, 1870, entitled "An act to extend the time for presenting claims and passed. for additional bounties," and its amendments and extensions, L. S. WilSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. so far as they limit the time for presenting claims for additional The bill (S. 2964) for the relief of the L. S. Watson Manufac· bounties granted to soldiers by the twelfth and thirteenth sec turing Company, of Leicester, Mass., was considered as in Com· tions of the act of July 28, 1866, and that such claim~ · shall be mittee of the Whole. The bill proposes to pay to the L. S. considered by the proper accounting officers of the Treasury Watson Manufacturing Company, of Leicester, Mass., $423.17, in the same manner as other claims for aiTears of pay and being tbe amount of the fiDes paid by them by reason of an un bounty are considered; but this act shall not be construed to dervaluation of certain heddles import~ by them, the underval reopen any settlement already made by the accounting officers, uation being due to mistake for which they were not in fault. except to allow additional bounties under the twelfth and thir The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or teenth sections of the act of July 28, 1866, which have been dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read tbe third time, denied upon tbe ground that payment thereof was barred by and passed. limitation of the statute. FISH-CULTURAL STATION: IN UTAH. Mr. ALLISON. I should be glad to have this bill explained somewhat in detail. The bill (S. 1374) to establish a fish-cultural station in the 1\Ir. WARREN. Tbe bill is one recommended by the Auditor State of Utah was considered as in Committee of tbe Whole. for the 'Var Department and covers a certain class of extra It proposes to appropriate $25,000 for the establishment of a bounties. The law of 1866 provided that soldiers who had fish-cultural station in the State of Utah, including purchase served three years should receive an additional $100 bounty, and of site, construction of buildings and ponds, and equipment, at those who bad served two years an additional $50 bounty. But some suitable point to be selected by the Secretary of Commerce it bas been provided by legislation that claims presented after and Labor. 1880 should not be paid. Tbe acts provide that these claims The bill was reported to the Senate wit}:lout amendment, or can only be paid to the soldier himself, or in case the soldier is dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, dead, tben to his wife, minor children, or parents. All the and J;>USSed. ' . proofs are in the Department. These claims stand exactly like DELEGATE FROM .ALA..SKA. other bounties due soldiers, except for the limitation I bave The bill (S. 956) providing for the election of a Delegate stated. All tbe other bounty acts were unlimited. They are to· the House of Representatives from the district of Alaska paid from time to time from tbe money we annually appropriate · was considered as in Committee of the Whole. for an·earages of pay allowances and bounties. But under this 1\Ir . .BACON . 1\Ir. President, I asBume tbat tbe bill comes particular act, because of this extra limitation, although nearly . from tbe Committee on Territories? 1872 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 1, Tile VICE-PRESIDENT. It was reported from the Com Mr. BEVERIDGE. I suggest that brevity will be secured it mittee on Territories. the Senator will simply explain it. 1\fr. BACON. I desire to ask the Senator from Minnesota Mr. HANSBROUGH. I think it would be impossible to make [Mr. NELSON], who is in charge of the bill, whether or not the a better explanation in as short a space than is made in the particular provision in the bill which gives to the Delegate only paragraph I have indicated. his actual expenses from his place of residence to Seattle, which Mr. BEVERIDGE. Very well. is a proper provision I think, bas any corresponding provision The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read as re in the case of the Delegate from Hawaii? quested. 1\fr. NELSON. I am not familiar with that case. I am not The Secretary read the following extract from the report sure, but it seems to me there was something of the kind in submitt~H by Mr. HANSBROUGH January 24, 1906: the bill. The Delegate from Alaska will get his mileage from By the act to provide for the division of Dakota into two States and Seattle---from the Pacific coast-and then his actual expenses to enable the people of North Dakota, South Dakot a, Montana, and Washington to form constitutions and State governments and to be when Ire travels outside of the mainland and in his own Terri admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original Stat es, tory. The ·distance is so immense that if a Delegate were and to make donatiol}.s of public lands to such States (chap. 180, 25 elected from a remote corner of Alaska, the mileage would be Stat. L.), there were granted to the State of North Dakota, in addi tion to other lands, 170,000 acres for apportionment for such other enormous, and so we put in that precautionary measure. educational and charitable purposes other than those therein named. Mr. BACON. I think the provision is an eminently proper These lands, by a provision in the constitution of North Dakota, were one, and in listening to the reading of the bill, it occurred to me divided as follows : Twenty thousand acres to the hospital for the in· sane, ~o.ooo acres for the Soldiers' Home, 30,000 acres for a blind that there ought to be a similar provision with reference to the asylum, 40,000 acres for industrial and school of manual training, and Delegate from Hawaii. ~0 , 000 acres for a scientific school. This exhausted the grant of :Mr. KEAN. We are not now legislating for Hawaii. 170,000 acres and left nothing for the school of forestry, whlch, by the same constitutional provision, was to be located at some point in Mc Mr. BACON. lie should get his actual traveling· eXPenses, Henry, Ward, Bottineau, or Rolette counties, as might be detet·mined say, from Hawaii to San Francisco. I did not know what upon by an election to be held for that purpose. At the election held might be the case. I believe that that matter, howe\er, is Bottineau, Bottineau County, was selected. within the jurisdiction of a different committee. That fact The bill was reported t~ the Senate without amendment, or did not occur to me at the time I made the inquiry. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, l\fr. NELSON. I am not familiar with that matter, but I and passed. will say that this provision was in a similar delegate bill, which PROTECTION OF RANGE LIGHT~. passed the H ouse of Representatives at the last session, in The bill (S. 3416) to prohibit any vessel from anchoring in respect to Alaska. such manner as to obstruct or interfere with the range lights 1\fr. BACON. This is a Senate bill, is it not? established in any navigable waters of the United States by the. Mr. NELSON. This is a Senate bill, but a House bill sub United States Light-House Board was considered as in Com stantially tqe same came over from that body last session. mittee of the Whole. It provides that it shall be unlawful for 1\fr. BACON. I wish to ask the Senator another question; any vessel to anchor on the range line of any range lights estab and that is whether or not the committee has considered the lished by the United States Light-House Board in any naviga question of the propriety of the organization of a Territorial ble waters of the United States, and the master of any ve sel so legislature in Alaska? anchoring shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon Mr. NELSON. We have not. conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $50. Mr. BA.CON. Of course, I recognize that the conditions there The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or are peculiar, and there may be good reasoru~ why there should dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, not be such an organization. and passed. Mr. NELSON. We have not considered that question, I will REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE AT NEW BEDFORD, MASS. say to the Senator from Georgia. The committee would proba bly be divided on it. -But as to the matter of a Delegate from The bill ( S. 3409) for the construction of an able seagoing Alaska, we are all in accord. We all feel that that great big tug for the Revenue-Cutter Service for New Bedford, Mass., ·country ouglit to have a representative in the Congress to ad was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It directs the vi s:e Congress as to the needs of the Territory. Secretary of the Treasury to cause to be constructed an able Ur. BACON. I quite agree with the committee in that re seagoing tug for the Revenue-Cutter Service, to be stationed at gard, and unless there are peculiar reasons, on account of the New Bedford, Mass., and appropriates $175,000 for this purpo e. immense territory and the separate localities in which the' dif The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ferent communities are located, it seems to me there are there ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, papulation and interest~ enough of a local character to justify and passed. tile organization of a Territorial government, which is enjoyed MONONGAHELA RIVER (PA.) BRIDGE. by e\ery other Territory, certainly on the- mainland of the The bill (H. R. 11045) to amend an act entitled "An act to United States, and even by the Territory of Hawaii. authorize Washington and Westmoreland counties, in the State Tile bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or of Pennsylvania, to construct and maintain a bridge across the dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Monongahela River, in the State of Pennsylvania," approved and passed. February 21, 1903, was considered as in Committee of the CONTRACTS WITH THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Whole. The bilJ was reported to the Senate without amendment, The bill ( S. 69) regulating the retent on contracts with the ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. District of Columbia, was announced as the next business in order on the Calendar. ST. ANDREWS BAY (FLA.) BRIDGE. 1\Ir. GAMBLE. I suggest that the bill go over, retaining its The bill (H. R. 11263) to authorize the construction of a place on the Calendar, without prejudice. A similar bill, or bridge across the navigable waters of St. Andrews Bay was con one identical in its provisions, passed the House on Mon sidered as in Committee of the Whole. day, and is now pending before the Committee on the District The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, of Columbia. ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The bill will go over, retaining its FISH-CULTURAL STATIONS ON PUGET SOUND. place on the Calendar. The bill (S. 1462) to establish one or more fish-cultural sta SCHOOL OF FORESTRY IN NORTH DAKOTA. tions on Puget Sound, State or Washington, was considered as The bill (S. 2451) granting to the State of North Dakota in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to appropriate $50,000 30,000 acres of land to aid in the maintenance of a school of for the establishment of one or more fish-cultural stations on· forestry, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. Puget Sound, State of Washington, for the propagation of sal Mr. KEAN. Let the report be read. mon and other food fishes, -including purchase of sites, construc The VICE-PRESIDENT. At the request of the Senator from tion of buildings and ponds, purchase and hire of boats and New Jersey, the report will be read. equipment, and such temporary help as may be required for the 1\lr. HANSBROUGH. I suggest to the Senator from New construction and operation of the fish-cultural stations, at a Jersey that it will be unnecessary to read all of the report. suitable point or points to be selected by the Secretary of Com Mr. KEAN. Then let the Senator make a statement. merce and Labor, the number of fish-cultural stations to be de 1\lr. BEVERIDGE. I was going to suggest that. termined by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Mr. KE.AN. Yes; let the Senator from North Dakota explain it. Mr. KE.AN. The bill seems to be a little unusual. It pro Mr. HANSBROUGH. I suggest that the first paragraph at vides for one or more stations. It is usual to establish one sta the top of page 2 of the report be read, as it contains the in tion. There may be a report accompanying the bill. I have formation the Senator probably desires to have. nothing to urge against the' bill, of course, and would be very 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENAT~. 1873 glad to ilave the :fish-cultural stations established. -I like to see I The bill was_ reported to the Senate as amended, and the the salmon fisheries of the Pacific coast improved. amendment was concurred in. . . Tile PHESIDING OFFICER (Mr. PERKINS in the chair). The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read Tile revort will be read. the tQ.ird time, and passed. ./ Tile ccretary read the report, submitted by Mr. HoPKINS on The title was amended so as to read: "A bill t establish a the 25til in ta.nt, as follows : fish-cultural station in the State of Wyoming." The Com::::~ittee on Fisheries, to whom was referred the bill (S. 1462) THE MERCHANT MABINE. Qroviding for t.te cstai.Jlishment of one or more fish-cultural stations on Puget Saund, State cf Wasbin:p:on, have examined the same and recom The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed. the con mend that the I.Jill pass withoUl: amendment. sideration of the bill (S. 529) to promote the national defense, The ecretary of Commerce and Labor, to whom the Committee on to create a force of naval volunteers, to establish .American Fishe..-ies referred the bill for investigation, under date of January 25, 1906, t·ecommended the passage of ttc bill in question. ocean mail lines to foreign markets, to promote commerce, and The bill was reported to the Sei,late without amendment, or to provide revenue from tonnage. dered to be engros(>ed for a third reading, read the third time, Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, I should like the atten and passed. tion of the Senator from Georgia [Mr. BAcoN] for a moment, if PORT OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. I may have it. Tile Senator from Georgia yesterday asked the very proper Tile bill (S. 32G3) to amend an act entitled "An act to estab question us to whether any of the countries of the world grant Jisil a port of delivery at Salt Lake City, Utah," was considered sub idies or governmental help in any way to cargo ships. I as in Committee of the Whole. said offhand to the Senator that I was sure France did it, and I Tile bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with thought other countries did the same thing. Tile Senator re an amendment, in line 9, before the word " hundred" to strike quested me to look the matter up and make a statement con out " eigilt " and insert " five; " so as to make the bill rea·d: cerning it, which I am now prepared to do. Ba it enacted, etc., That section 2 of an act entitled "An act to es Mr. BACON. In order that the Senator may not be inter tablish a port of deliverr at Salt La ke City, Utah," approved March 18, 1904, be, and the same 1s hereby, amended to read as follows: rupted by me, and in order that he may direct his reply particu " SEC. 2. 'l'hat there shall be appointed a surveyor of customs to re larly to the request which I made, I desire to say that my in side nt said port, whose salary shall be $1,500 per annum, in lieu of all quiry went a little further than that now indicated by the fees and commissions of every kind whatsoever." Senator. The amendment was agreed to. As ! ·understand the pending bill, it proposes that there shall The bill was reported to the Senate as amende-d, and the be $5 a ton paid per annum tQ each vessel engaged in the foreign amendment was concurred in. trade, without any other limitation or stipulation; in other 'rhe bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read words, that the sole requirement is that the vessel shall be en the third time, and passed. gaged in foreign trade, and the sole question when so engaged FOG SIGNAL AT HUMBOLDT BAY, CALIFORNIA: is that it shall have been engaged for one year. The-n there are The bill ( S. 2274) to establish a fog signal on one of the other provisions as to fractional parts of the year; but, speak jetties at the entrance to the harbor at Humboldt Bay, Cali ing generally, the bill has re_ference to an annual payment of $5 fornia, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It pro per ton. vides that there shall be established on one of the jetties at the Mr. GALLINGER. Yes. enh·ance to the harbor at Humboldt Bay, ·california, a fog signal, Mr. BACON. Therefore I hope the Senator in giving us the at a cost not to exceed $15,000. information will so shape it that we may know specifically The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment. whetiler the bounty or subsidy paid by other nations is one · Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I merely rose to make an in upon those two conditions alone or whether it bas any reference quiry. Is this the last of the bills establishing light-houses or to the question of the opening of trade in particular directions or fog signals on the Pacific coast? as to the speed or number of miles. As I understand the pend . The PRESIDING OFFic_ER. The Chair will state that it is, ing bill, it has no reference whatever to tile number of miles until others have been introduced and reported favorably by or to the particular counh·ies to wilicb the vessels wouia go. the ·committee on Commerce. Mr. GALLINGER. It is possible, Mr. President, that I may -The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read not be able to specifically answer the inquiry of the Senator on the third time, and passed. the latter point, but in a general way I can do so. DAY IN COFFEE COUNTY, ALA. I find that in addition to France, Japan, Italy, and Austria all , grant subsidies to all cargo vessels engaged in foreign commerce, The bill (H. R. 7085) authorizing the Pea River Power Com in addition to giving subsidies to their mail lines. It is a sig pany to erect a dam in Coffee County, Ala., was considered as nificant fact, Mr. President, that France had only two lines of in Committee of the Whole. cargo steamers before she adopted this policy, while now she The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or has an enormous tonnage engaged in that business. dered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Mr. BACON. Mr. President-- FISH-CULTURAL STATION IN WYOMING. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from New . The PRESIDING OFFICER. The hour of 2 o'clock having Hampshire yield to the Senator from Georgia? a~-rive-d, it becomes the duty of the Chair to lay before the Mr. GALLINGER. Certainly. Senate the unfinishe-d business, which will be stated. Mr. BACON. Of course the Senator is speaking loud enough, The SECRETARY. A bill ( S. 529) to promote the national de but I really do not catch what he says on account of the hum fense, to create a force of naval volunteers, to establish Ameri of conversation in the Chamber. can ocean mail lines to foreign markets, to promote commerce, 1\Ir. GALLINGER. I will repeat it, Mr. President. In addi and to provide revenue from tonnage. tion to France, I find that Japan, Italy; and Aush·ia all grant Mr. WARREN. I ask the Senator from New Hampshire if subsidies to the cargo vessels engaged in forei un commerce, and he will yield to me for a moment? in addition they give subsidies to their mail lines. I observed, Mr. GALLINGER. I will yield to the Senator from Wyo furthermore, that my investigations lead me to the conclusion ming if the bill he wishes to call up does not provoke debate. that prior to granting these subsidies to the French cargo ves Mr. WARREN. I ask ·unanimous consent to call up the bill sels they had only two lines of cargo steamers, while now they (S. 609) to establish a fish-hatching and fish station in the have a very heavy tonnage engaged in that business. State of Wyoming. Mr. NEWIJANDS. Mr. President-- The Secretary read the bill ; and by unanimous consent the Tile PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from New Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proce-eded to its consid- Hampshire yield to the Senator from Nevada? eration. · Mr. GALLINGER. Certainly. The bill was reported from the Committee on Fisheries with Mr. NEWLANDS. Will the Senator inform us what the ton an amendment, at the end of the bill to strike out the words nage of France now is and what the amount of the increase bas "United States Commissioner of Fish and Fisheri~s" and insert been? the words " Secretary of Commerce and Labor ; " so as to make Mr. GALLINGER. If the Senator will turn to this little docu the bill read : ment, which I had printed for the iD:formation of the Senate, he lie it (!nacted, etc., That the sum of $25,000, or so much thereof as will find that very definitely stated. It is Senate Document No. may be necessary, be, and the same is hereby, appropriated for the 141 of this session. I feel very sure that it is in that document. establishment of a fish-cultural station in the State of Wyoming, in cluding purchase of site, construction of buildings and ponds, and If it is not, I will get the information for the Senator. equipment, at some suitable point to be selected by the Secretary of Mr. NELSON. Mr. President-- Commerce and Labor. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from New The amendment was agreed to. Hampshire yield to the Senator from Minnesota? XL---118 1874 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 1, . Mr. GALLINGER. Yes; except that I should like to conclude in a greater or less degree, endeavor to guard and promote par- my tatement. It will take but a moment. ticular lines of cpmmunication where their development is Mr. NELSON. Very wen. deemed important and where their want of development is now Mr. GALLINGER. Germany does not give subsidies or sub- the cause of the interest manifested and the effort made to ventions directly to her cargo ships, but in an indirect way she remedy it. accomplished that same purpose. As an illustration, Germany Mr. GALLINGER. I think it goes without saying, Mr. Presl bauls at cost all material on the German railways that are in- dent, that it would be impossible for any country to require a tended for shipbuilding, and of course that applies to the so- cargo ship to obtain cargo at a given port and carry it to an called cargo ves els as well as to those. engaged in transporting other given port. That could not be done, I take it. :the mails. Mr. BACON. Then, that brings the matter to what I con- Mr. BACON. Mr. President, will the Senator please return to sider to be a somewhat definite proposition, that the Senator the matter of the subsidy given by the French Government? Be- regards the cargo subsidy as one which will not meet the re cause I want to have a little more definite information in regard quirement or the desire for the development of trade on lines to that matter. of communication between any given points. ~ Mr. GALLINGER. I was going to make an additional state- 1\Ir. GALLINGER. If the Senator will permit me, I regard ment.concerning it. it differently from that. I consider it very desirable that our : Mr. BACON. I thought the Senator had passed from the. own merchandise should be conveyed in our own ships. The 1French subsidy, and that is the reason why I interrupted him. American people, so far as the testimony taken by the Merchant 1 will not intermpt him furth.er at this time. Marine Commission i concerned-! will say the business men 1 Mr. GALLINGER. I was going to return to that. In very and manufacturers--do regard that as a very important mat- many ways there are preferential rates allowed on shipbuilding ter. I regard it myself as important that we should encourage material in Germany. That goes to help the shipbuilding in- these cargo carriers, sail ships as well as steam, for the pur- . dustry, and of course it will help the cargo carriers as well as po e of training seamen. I think that a very important con the faster ships. As to the Senator's point-he urged it the sideration. other day with a good deal of force. I tried to make a reply to · .Mr. ·BACON. The Senator misunder tood my la t remark, it by saying that the cargo carriers we have provided for in Mr. President. I was not speaking at that particular time of the bill are practically a homogeneous class; that their rates of the question whether or not the cargo carrier was important. speed are not very different, the minimum. perhaps, being 10 I understood the reply of the Senator to be directed to that knots and the maximum 13 knots. So they are a homogeneous inquiry, which I did not make. The inquiry I made of the ·cias and the matter of paying them by the mile would not be Senator was this: I asked him if, in view of what he bad said different to one steamer from what it would be to another. as · to the impracticability of subsidizing cargo carriers he- ' 1\Ir. BACON. Does the Senator refer to ·the class known gen- tween certain points, the conclusion was not a proper one that eraJly as " tramps? " , if the country has in view the development of trade between Mr. GALLINGER. Yes. I have not had time to examine certain points or the establishment of lines of ships, either critically into the matter whether any of the other governments steamships or sailing vessels, between certain points, the sub do pay by the ton or not. I think I am correct in saying that sidizing of the general cargo carrier is not the way to accom in sorue instances they are required to make some speed. I plish that purpose. think o, and yet I am not. positive on that point. 1\lr. GALLL.~GER. Well, Mr. President, by and large, I Mr. FRYE. Sailing vessels, of course, could not be required would agree with the Senator in that proposition; but the to make speed. . Senator will note that in this bill we have suggested the es- 1\lr. GALLINGER. As the Senator from Maine suggests, they tablishment of ten or eleven lines of faster steamships, to go could not require speed of sailing ve sels. '.rhat is a well- to countries where we have very little trade now, for that very :recognized principle and fact. purpose. 1\-lr. BACON. Sailing vessels Cijt very little figure in the 1\lr. BACON. I underst.c'l.lld that; and, as I suggested to the equation·now. Senator yesterday, I am very much in sympathy with that par- Mr. GALLINGER. I. hope they will cut something of a :figure ticular part of his bill; but I want to differentiate the twO> in our commerce, if this bill becomes a law. things, in order that it may be clearly understood what it is Mr. BACON. I am speaking generally of the commerce of hoped to accomplish by the two different propositions, the two. tbe world; it is carried by steamships. different schemes. The two different schemes, as I understand, ]\Jr. GALLINGER. That is true as a rule. The point I in this bill are, fir t, the scheme of the general cargo carrier, by wanted to empba ize, and the only point I cared to make at which any ship engaged in foreign trade, regardless of what this time, was that the proposed subvention to cargo carriers is port it goes to or the number of miles it may traverse in going not a violent departure from the custom of the maritime na- there, shall be paid $5 per ton per annum; and the other is a tions of the world. England does not subsidize her cargo car- proposition to establish some ten or twelve different lines of riers, and Germany only in an indirect way, but most of the steamships, so far as that their establishment can be secured &the.r .maritime governments do. give subventions to vessels of by the encouragement of giving liberal compensation for carry that class. _ . . ing the mails. The particular point upon which I wish to get That, Mr. President, is all I care to say on that point. I will the views of the Senator-because he has given this matter look the matter up further. very careful thought and his view is very much more valuable Mr. BACON. I am very much obHged to- the Senator for the than any suggestions I might make-is this: Before stating information; and as be is promising to give us additional infor- that, however, I will say that my object for desiring his plain mation I ·wish to direct his attention to the definite and specific statement in this particular upon the proposition is that what points which I think it is important we should know. Of course be now states, or what I :o.ow understand him to state, entirely_ the matter as to what is done by other nation is only valuable agrees with my own _opinion. I wi b to have it made plain and to us as an evidence of what is considered good policy by others. to have it emphasized that in the one case the propo ition to lt may or may not be good policy for ourselves. '.rhe distinc- sub idize cargo ships is for the general. encouragement of the tion I wish to call the attention of the Senator to, as the one building of ships and for the training of seamen, and for the ad upon which I should like to have the informn.tion, is not simply ditional purpose of providing for, or it may be of having, our met by the term "cargo carrier." I desire the information as foreign trade carried in .American vessels rather than in for to whether or not these. other governments ignore what is to eign vessels; but that that particular proposition is not the my mind an important feature in this matter, and that is, the one upon which there is reliance for the development of trade opening of trade between this counh·y and other countries where between our own country and particular countries ·wit,h which we now have little or no trade, and between which coUntries we now have either no trade at all, or, if any trade, only an in and our country we now have no direct lines of communication. significant trade, and that that is not to be relied upon for the 1\II:. GALLINGER. I think I can answer the Senator on that purpose of establishing lines of either steam hips or sailing ves- point by saying that I do not think their cargo-carrier ships sels between this. country and those countries with which we are required to run from one port to another. Their mail lines have that lack of trade and lack of direct communication; but are required to do that. . that the purpose to accomplish that latter end is the one which Mr. BACON. Exactly ; but I wanted, if the Senator could influenced the other provision of the bill wllere c~rtain lines of secure the information, something definite upon that line in ships are provided for, and large compensation provided for order .tl;lat we might be informed whether it is h·ue that the mails, in order that hipowners may be encouraged to put lines governments which are cited as governments which subsidize of team hip on th9 e particular lines . . their yessels are indifferent to that particular feature, which I 1\fr. GALLINGER. Ye . regard as the most important feature. or whether it is, in fact, 1 Mr. BACON. I deem the latter proposition as an extremely :true that while they do give subsidies to cargo carriers, they, important one. I believe that the entire .American people rec- 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.- ognize the fact that lt is of the utmost importance that we Mr. SPOONER. It may; but suppose this develops very should have direct commUnication with countries where we now rapidly a fleet of ocean-going ships, as it may do? do not have direct communication, and that avenues of trade Mr. GALLINGER. Well, if shipowners take this subvention, should be opened between this country and those countries for they understand what the terms of the contract are, and will the purpose of the development of that trade and for the fur have to take their chances after the ten years. nishing of a market to our own products in countries which now Mr. SPOONER. Is it a fair proposition to fix that limit? get those products from other countries. For instance, the coun It I have one new seagoing ship, I would be entitled under the tries which I have more particularly in mind and which I pre provisions of this bill to this subvention. E!'lme are more particularly in the minds of the people at large· Mr. GALLINGER. For ten years. are the countries of South America with which we have now no Mr. SPOONER. For ten years. I might be induced to dupli direct communication to speak of; in fact, I do not know that cate my ship, and I would be entitled to this subvention for ten we have any direct lines of steamships between this country years on that ship. and the main ports of South America .and the ports of the Mr. GALLINGER. Yes. United States. Mr. SPOONER. Then at the expiration of ten years, when Mr. GALLINGER. Only to Venezuela and the Isthmus of those two ships are brought into competition with ships which Panama. are receiving this subsidy, would not that be an impossible Mr. BACON. But so far as Rio Janeiro and Buenos Ayres competition? and other important South American ports are concerned we Mr. GALLINGER. Well, it might under similar conditions. have none. Those are the great, ports with which we desire But the Senator will remember that there is ·an annual deteri to build up trade. If I am correctly informed, not only passen oration in ships; and I -do not think the Government wants gers, but freight gofhg to those ports have first to go to England to give subventions to broken-down ships. · A ship wllich has and then across the Atlantic the second time to ·get there. sailed for ten years is a second-hand ship. Mr. GALLINGER. That is correct. Mr. SPOONER. But it may be a seaworthy ship. Mr. BACON. That is ·a very deplorable condition, and I Mr. GALI;INGER. It may be seaworthy, but it may not be recognize the. fact that it is one which calls for very grave in condition to perform satisfactory service, although it may consideration on the part of the United States Government and float. for such proper encouragement as can be given within the limits Mr. FRYE. Does not the bill require that ships to receive of direct encouragement and assistance in liberal compensation subsidies at all shall be A1? for carrying the mails which would bring about those desirable Mr. GALLINGER. Certainly. . ends. Mr. FRYE. Then, at the end of ten years, if a ship still be For that reason I state to the Senator that I am very much Al, it will receive the subsidy? in sympathy with that part of the bill; and while I do not wish Mr. SPOONER. But a ship may be kept A1 at the end ~ to be committed finally to the ~:>upport of that part of it without ten years or at the end of fifteen years, or possibly at the end further examination of details, I am very much inclined to of twenty years. Is the theory right? Ought that limit to be think that I should vote for so much of the bill as is limited in the bill? Is it not put there to avert criticism of the bill to the giving of liberal mail compensation to proposed lines of because of its breadth and generosity rather than to do justice? steamships which are to be engaged in trade between the ports Mr. GALLINGER. No; I think not. I will be frank with of the United States and ports of other countries, but especially the Senator and say that no such thought as that was in my those of South America where we now have no trade and ·no mind. It seemed to the framers of the bill-and I take very lines of communication, and where it is so important that we little credit in the matter-that we· ought to have first-class establish and develop such trade. ships and that we ought not to be giving subventions to old I think that the Senator would accomplish very much better hulks. an important part of what he has in view if the bill should be Mr. SPOONER. Is not an Al ship a first-class ship? It may limited to the latter design, as is expressed in the fifth and have been rebuilt practically a half dozen times. sixth sections of the bill. Mr. GALLINGER. I understand that. Mr. SPOONER. Mr. President-- Mr. SPOONER. Then, why should they not have th~ sub The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Senator from New Hampshire vention, if they keep their ships Al? The result of it would be, [:Mr. GALLINGER] is entitled to the floor. Does he yield to the it seems to me, that a man who has two such ships, at the ex Senator from Wisconsin? piration of ten years will be obliged to go out of competition Mr. GALLINGER. In a moment, Mr. President. I think with subsidized ships, and to sell his ships to the company it is proper before yielding that I should make a brief state which has a great mass of ships and which can control the busi ment. As some other Senators have signified their purpose of ness and fix the price at such a rate that his ships would be discussing the bill to-day, I do not wish to occupy more time useless. than is absolutely necessary. I rose simply to make a brief Mr. GALLINGER. Well, Mr. President, there is something rejoinder to the interrogatory of the Senator ·from Georgia [Mr. in the Senator's contention that is worthy of very serious con BACON] and then I will yield to the Senator from Wisconsin sideration. I notice the vacying objections that are raised to [Mr. SPOONER]. this bill. ,Some Senators denounce shipbuilding as a trust Mr. SPOONER. I will take but a moment, Mr. President. which should not receive any· consideration, while other Sena This bill is a very great improvement upon any bill of the tors are disturbed because thi-s bill does not go far enough. kind with which I have become at all familiar. I do not expect Mr. SPOONER. I am not doing that. universal concurrence in that proposition, and I know I shall Mr. GALLINGER. No; the Senator is anxious for ship not get it. But there is one phase of the bill concerning which builders to get every possible consideration. Now, I take it I should like to briefly interrogate the Senator who has it in that if this bill should become a law and the shipbuilders charge. The bill provides-of course it is indefinite in its oper should do what they ·say they are willing to do-put their ships ations, as the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. GALLINGER] into commission and build new ships-they, understanding the said yesterday-that annual contracts are to be made, and also conditions in this bill, must take their chances; but very likely provides that no one ship shall receive this subvention for a the bill can be amended in such a way as to make it a better bill. longer period than ten years. Do I state that correctly? Mr. SPOONER. I am not opposing the bill. Mr. GALLiNGER. That is correct. Mr. GALLINGER. I understand that. Mr. SPOONER. That leads me to ask the Senator what is Mr. SPOONER. But I want to call the attention of the the average life of a ship which would fall within the classes to Senator solemnly to what seems to me to be possibly a very be aided by this bill? serious defect in the scheme. Mr. GALLINGER. I think about twenty years. The ·senator One thing in favor of this bill is the universality of its op from Maine [Mr. FRYE] can answer that more intelligently eration. It is a promise or an offer to every man in the Uniteu than I. States who will build and put upon the sea a ship fit to engage Mr. SPOONER. My recollection is that the Senator from in foreign commerce; but will it encourage men of small me:1ns, Maine stated in the debate on the former subsidy bill that relatively, to build one ship or two ships of the burtllen nec twenty years was the average life of such a ship. Now, if that essary to engage in foreign commerce, if they know that at the be true, this is what troubles me about the bill: There will be ten expiration of ten years those ships will no longer receive this years in the life of a ship during which it will receive no sub aid; will no longer be helped by the Government to equalize vention. Can it: be operated during that time in competition the difference in the cost of operation-33 per cent, and not with other ships which do receive subventions? greatly to be diminished, all concede-but will be brougllt into Mr. GALLINGER. It may go into the coastwise trade after competition with subsidized ships? A man would have to give that. away his ship when the subsidy ceases to be paid. Will it not I . 1876 OONGRESSIONAL._REOORD-SEN.A.TE. FEBRUARY 1, be an inevitable result of that--provision ln the bill that ships possible has been said on each side of this controversy, and will not be built, except by the great lines? There will be no the question has settled down to an issue between those who encouragement to the great mass of men who wish, in a small would do something, even if it be but to a partial extent, to way relatively, to make ship-ping their business. rehabilitate our merchant marine, and tho e who would entirely 1\fr. FRYE. 1\fr. President--· abandon the field to foreign enterprise and activity. And yet, ·The VICE-PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from New Hamp- Mr. President, as a member of the Merchant 1\Iarine Commission, :shire yield to the Senator from Maine? which sat at many important points on the Atlantic seaboard, 1\lr. GALLINGER. I yield to any Senator. · upon the Gulf, at the ports on the Great Lake-~, and on the Pacific 1\Ir. FRYE. 'Vould not an amendment that the contracts be slope, and, a.s a member of the Committee on Commerce, I have made o long as the ships were rated A1 answer the Senator's been so deeply impressed with the im-portance of this question objection? that I do not altogether regret that the delay in coming to a 1\Ir. SPOONER. Certainly; that is another thing. vote upon the measure has given me this opportunity, and more 1\lr. BACON. I hope the Senator from Maine will speak so particularly do I have this feeling because there is no section that we can hear him. of our great country wore vitally interested in the rehabilita- 1\ir. FRYE. He generally does, I guess. tion of our merchant marine than the great State which I in Mr. BACON. Yes, but the Senator is speak-ing with his back part represent in this body. toward us. Upon the shores of the Delaware we should see, were our 1\fr. FRYE. I asked if the bill . were so amended as to allow shipbuilding industry properly protected, a center of ship these contracts to be made with ships so long as they were rated building activity unequaled nt any other point in the world. A1, would it not satisfy the objection made by the Senator from Upon the shores of that great stream in the States of Pennsyl :Wisconsin; and then I was going to suggest to the Senator vania, New Jer ey, and Delaware are combined all the elements from New Hampshire that it seems to me that that is reason- which contribute to the shipbuilding industry. There is able. I should like to ha"'\e him take that into consideration found, within a reasonable proximity to the ocean, fresh water before the bill is finally acted upon. wherein ships can be repaired or stored, and in the fresh-water 1\lr. GALLINGER. I have invited criticism and suggestions basin at the League Island Navy-Yard, at the junction of the in the way of amendment to the bill. I have no pride of opinion Schuylkill and the Delaware, there is an area of water sufficient about it. The Senator knows that. to store the whole American Navy were it neces ary. Mr. SPOONER. It is not that. Otherwise it is to me as Philadelphia, Chester, Camden, and Wilmington are all great certain as that the sun will come up in the morning that the cities situated near an unlimited supply of competent, skilled, {)peration of this bill would encourage the construction of ships and unskilled labor and near all the sources of supplies and by corporations of great capital and discourage the construction commodities entering into the construction of a merchant or .a of. ships by men of comparatively small means, who can own battle ship; and yet, lli. President, I am confronted by the fact lmt one ship or two ships. One great advantage of this bill is, as that, including all the seagoing steam vessels built in the United the whole theory of it contemplates, that it is open to everybody. States during the year ending December 31, 1905, the total was Now, as the Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE] says, if this 'Sub- only eighteen vessels of 35,199 gross tons. In addition to this, sidy is paid so long as the Go"'\ernment officials class a ship as during the calendar year 1905, seventeen yachts of 753 gro s an A1 ship-and that was the provh;ion, as I remember it, in tons were bulit, but they are hardly worth considering in this the IIanna-Frye bill-then that difficulty is avoided. I com- connection. mend the suggestion to the prayerful consideration of my friend More than one-half of this tonnage is one ship of 20,714 -from New Hamp hire. tons, built for James J. Hill's railroad connections at Puget Mr. GALLINGER. It will have very careful consideration. Sound for the line between Japan and China. On the Dela- 1\lr. FRYE. The Senator from Wisconsin said "prayerful ware River, to which I have refelTed, only 4 steamers, of 5,932 con ideration." gross tons, were built. . 1\lr. G.ALLINGER. It shall have "prayerful" as well as care- The above tatement can well be compared with the output ful con ideration. of Great Britain and Ireland during the calendar year 190-. A Ringle word, l\Ir. President, in reference to the cargo vessels, The official figures have not reached me, but the Shipping World, and then I will yield to other Senators who desire to speak. I a London publication and a recognized authority on shipping will not indulge in any lengthy remarks, because the Senator matters abroad, compile every year from returns furnislled from Pennsylvania [1\lr. PENROSE] is prepared to proceed with by shipbuilders a table showing the construction of the United the di cussion of this bill. Kingdom during the past calendar year. This i printed shortly It would be a ra h man who would flatter himself that any after the 1 t of January, in advance of the official figure , and bill on this or any allied subject could be framed that would bas just been received in this country. Tbe figures are con obviate all objections. One of the chief objections that was sidered entirely tru tworthy. They show the output on the urged, and persistently urged, against the bill which the dis- Clyde and in Scotland as 407 vessels, of a gross tonnage of tingui hed chairman of the Committee on Commerce [1\.Ir. FRYE] 571,287. The hipbuilding firm of Harland & Wolff, of Bel had before the Senate a few years ago was that it did not take fast, Ireland, last year built 9 steamer , of 83,287 gross ton , care of the e cargo carriers; that it was a bill in the interest of or more than double the output of seagoing steam tonnage of the swift steamships. I confess that, acting in conjunction with all our American yards. There were, indeed, six single Brit my a ociates on the Merchant l\Iarine Com,mission, we b~lve ish shipyards each of which built more seagoing steam given a great deal of consideration to the matter of providing tonnage during the last calendar year than was built in the for the cargo carriers, and we thought the provision in the bill entire United States during the same period. for their benefit a very desirable one, and in that respect an According to the Shipping World of January 3, 1906, the total improvement over the bill of the Senator fro;m. Maine. Of output of the different centers of shipbuilding in the United course the Senator does not agree to that, but we felt that way, Kingdom for 1905 was as follows : and I do not expect that provision will be stricken from the bill; at least, I hope not. · ~~~-I Tons. I ha"'fe been flattering myself with the hope that the Senator ------1 :------from Georgia [Mr. BACON] will not only find his way clear to The Clyde and Scotland_------~------407 51l,2i,7 vote for the latter part of the bill, but for the bill as a whole, 322, 7{9 because there is a great deal of interest in this bill in his own ===== 316,!:}40 ~~=The ~~-Hartlepools~~~~===~~~==== ------~ ======~~======~======------~35 1Hl,517 State. The Tees ______-----_----- ____ ------____ ------40 1&,7!ll Mr. BACON~ I will state to the Senator that I propose to The Humber ______------108 29,497 empha ize my opposition to the first part of the bill by moving The Thames------____ ------'------138 12,~8 The Channel and West Coast_------____ ----____ 192 4 '270 to trike it out. Ireland_----- _____ ------··--•. --·------·- 35 144,74.3 1\Ir. GALLINGER.· I expected that. Now, the Senator from Total ______------______-·-· ______--·---- 1,191 ,: -1-,698-,-15-2 Penn ylvania [Mr. PENROSE] desires to spei:tk on the bill, and I yield to him. Mr. PENROSE. 1\Ir. President, were it not for the fact that The report of the Commissioner of Navigation how , on the chairman of the Merchant 1\larine Commission, having this pages 10 to 13, the steeJ ve sels under constru ·tion or under bill in charge upon the floor of the Senate, has informed me that contract at the beginning of the fiscal year July 1, 1905. At he i not yet ready to ask the Senate to vote upon the measure, in that date there were 49 seagoing merchant steel ve el , of consequence of the fact that he has under consideration certain 86,836 gross tons, under construction or under contract. Some amendments which have been suggested during this discussion, of these have since been completed, and the work under conh·act I would gladly forego this opportunity to make any remarks on some of the others is probably not yet any further than the upon the bill, because I can not but feel that almost all that is assembling of -materials. 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1877 No similar tables are at hand of foreign vessels under con- carrying the mails. The result was inevitable. When a lit ' struction at the same time. In the United Kingdom, according tle later another Philadelphia company, the International,· was to Lloyd's statement for the world of vessels under construc formed, it built its steamers in England, in yards developed by tion on September 30, 1905, there were 474 vessels, of 1,325,328 the mail subsidies there, and, easily procuring a subsidy from gross tons, under construction. It will be noted that this re the Belgian Government, fiew the Belgian fiag over its Ameri turn of Lloyds shows only 26 seagoing vessels, of 38,474 gross can-owned ships. tons, under construction in. the United States, of which 12 ves ONLY TEN TRANSATL.L'iTIC SHIPS. sels, of 24,824 gross _tons, were under construction on the Dela For twenty years after 1873 no trans-Atlantic steamers were ware. Lloyd's figures are a slight underestimate for the launched on the Delaware River. Lacking protection, this United States. The Cramps, for example, are building four industry was dead. Ten years ago the St. Louis and St. Paul steamers for the New York and Cuba Mail Line (two of which were constructed at the Cramp shipyard to run under the postal a.re to replace vessels they sold to the Panama Canal Com subsidy law of 1891, and four other trans-Atlantic steamers mission), aggregating about 28,000 tons. These were not con have since been built on the Delaware. Thus, ten trans tracted for until August, and therefore were not covered by Atlantic steamships in thirty years-only ten in a generation_. Lloyds' return, which allows only 24,824 under construction on is the record of the greatest shipbuilding center in America. the Delaware. · While the Delaware has launched ten, the Clyde has .launched 1\Iaking allowances for differences due to the fact that there hundreds. are included in these figures contracts for ships as well as for This is the humiliating record of our one unprotected indus ships the keels of which have been actually laid and for the try. It can not be charged up to the steel trust or the high fact that the ships covered in the table for July 1, 1905, by this price of materials, for during half of this time iron and steel time are either completed or in some instances v:ery close to and everything else required for the construction, equipment, completion, the Lloyds tables are a fair statement of the con or repair of vessels for the foreign trade or for foreign account struction for the ocean trade in progress in American and for and ownership have been on the tariff-free list eign yards. Mr. Edwin S. Cramp, vice-president of the William Cramp & 1\Ir. President, Pennsylvania as a State and Philadelphia and Sons _Shlp and Engine Building Company, states in a letter to Chester as shipbuilding cities are intensely interested in the the Senator from New Hampshire· [Mr. GALLINGER], chairman success of this effort to revive the American merchant marine of the 11-f'ercbant Marine Commission, that the price of the steel in ocean commerce. No people have suffered worse than theirs shapes and plates of each of four West India steamers now from its long decline. No people are more familiar with the building in his yard-building for one of our few mail-sub causes that have brought tills paralysis upon our shipping trade, sidized companies-is only $11,208 greater than if the material and none will more gratefully applaud the first promise of its bad been purchased abroad-only $11,208 for a vessel costing restoration. complete about $900,000, or a little more than 1 per cerit. Pennsylvania ship owners and builders are men of splendid Whatever difference in the cost of ocean ships there is now courage and tenacity. When, after the civil war, they found between this country and Europe is due almost entirely to their Government protecting everything and everybody else labor. Will you cut American labor down? And if you will and forgetting them, they did not haul down their fiag and quit not cut it down, will you not protect it in the shipyards and on the sea without a struggle. shipboard as you protect it in your factories? A BRAVE TRIAL. TIME FOR A CHANGE. In 1872-73 a resolute company of Philadelphia business men, Nearly two years of careful inquiry by the Merchant Marine including some steamship managers of very great ability and Commission have proved to the satisfaction of all of the mem long experience, built four large ocean steamers in the Cramp bers of the Commission that American shipping in ocean trade yard of excellent American iron, and put them into the North can not revive without some form of national encouragement, Atlantic trade to Liverpool. These noble steamers bore the and to the satisfaction of the majority of the Commission that characteristic American names of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Ohio, the best form of national encouragement, indeed, the only feasi and Illinois. They were among the largest, swiftest, and most ble form, is a carefully guarded subsidy or subvention such as efficient passenger and cargo steamers that had thus far been is proposed for both mail steamers and cargo vessels in the constructed, superior in size, speed., and seaworthiness to their present bill. No opposition to this measure can be very im ~ompetitors of the foreign lines to Europe. pressive or convincing which contents itself with mere picking They proved to be favorite ships with passengers and mer at details, with negation and objection. chants. Indeed, they were regarded as the pro·udest vessels of We have waited forty years for our ocean shipping to revive their day. President Grant sailed in one of these American without protection, only to see our tonnage shrink to one-third liners on the first voyage of his long journey around the of that of 1861. The case has become desperate, and those who world. The four ships performed a constant service for many do not like the remedy the Merchant Marine Commission offers years from Philadelphia and New York to Liverpool and Ant n\ust bestir themselves to get something better if they can. werp, and all four are still afioat at an age when nearly all of This is no time for fault-finding. We have debated and theo their foreign rivals have been worn out and abandoned. rized and scolded long enough. What is needed now is action, A SPLENDID RECORD. immediate and positive. · The American Line operating these ships never lost a shlp or A BENEFIT TO THE WHOLE NATION. a passenger, or so much as a mail bag-a record for safety and The enactment of this bill will be of very large· direct and in regularity unmatched in the whole record of trans-Atlantic direct benefit to Pennsylvania, greatest of our ocean shipbuild navigation. ing States and greatest manufacturer of steel and iron. But it Yet, this American Line, though undoubtedly the best man wm be of very large advantage also to the States of the South, aged beneath any' fiag, was never ·profitable to its owners, and whose numerous harbors and resources in timber, ore, and coal they built no more American ships. They had made a thor give them a fair chance in competition with Pennsylvania. It ough trial, and had proved that an American steainship line, un will be of great advantage to the Western States that feed our subsidized, could not maintain itself against subsidized British wage-earners from the products of their farms and supply a competition. And there was another handicap besides subsi large part of the shlpyard materials. dies-the higher American wages and cost of maintenance. The building of a new fleet of American ocean ships will en President Cleveland in his first Administration sent a New hance the value of every acre of timber land or iron land on England shipmaster, a Democrat of course and also an earnest Lake Superior. It will mean more business for the lumbermen free trader, to be our consul at Liverpool. Captain Rus ell and miners and more business for the farmers of the great made a careful investigation of shlpping conditions at the great grain and cattle regions to keep the new ships filled with car English port and report~ to the State Department that be goes after they are launched. found the American steamships from Philadelphia paying their For four years up to last winter no order bad been given to officers and crews wages 37 per cent higher than were paid any Delaware shipyard, or, indeed, to any shipyard in Amer on British ships of the same class in the same trade and supply ica, for a steamship for overseas trade. Even now the four ing them with food so much superior in quality and variety new Ward Line steamers in the Cramp yard are the only ships that the cost of maintenance was 27 per cent greater. · building anywhere in the country e.~clusively for foreign com The higher wages of American factories are protected by the merce. In the midst of the highest prosperity in all other indus tariff, but there is no protection for American ships in over-seas tries ocean shipbuilding has been almost dead and one-half of commerce. This Philadelphia company bad tried patiently our skilled shipyard mechanics idle or employed at rough and and bravely to sail American ships under the American fiag unskilled common labor. on the North Atlantic. They could not meet the double handi TO SAVE OUR SHIPYARDS. cap of foreign wages and foreign subsidies, and the United We have i1;1. America some of the greatest and best shlpyards States Government would give them no subsidy_ whatever for in the world, managed by men of the most advanced technical 1878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-_ SENATE. FEBRUARY 1, attainments, and equipped to build the best merchant marine, ANTWERP, December S, 1905. as they have built the best naVY, that ever floated. But here Numbers of American sailors who are shipped on board foreign after these yards can not hope for full and constant employment vessels in American ports are discharged on their arrival in Europe. They are unable to obtain return engagements on account of the in the construction of battle ships, for we have launched a strong prejudices of foreign owners and the local authorities can not assist fleet and the need now is only for a moderate increase. If the in their relief. As a consequence many of these sailors are now desti great shipyards of America are to live and prosper hereafter, it tute in every port. For the relief of these sailors the American colony yesterday gave a gala performance under the patronage of the American must be chiefly by the building and repair of merchant ships. and British .consuls. The very existence of these shipyards, with their thousands of stockholders, their tens of thousands of workmen, and all the Is this a thing to be proud of-that the few American trades and industries in many States that contribute to the sailors who gain employment on foreign ships are turned adrift completed ship, hangs upon the enactment of this legislation. ab,road to become objects of charity in foreign countries? It is in the power of the Senate by its vote upon this bill to Meanwhile the millions of American money invested in foreign determine whether American ocean shipbuilding shall live shipping are training foreign sailors as a naval reserve for for whether it at last shall nave protection and shall grow and pros eign governments, our rivals in trade and possible enemies in per as bas every other American industry-or whether it shall war. wither and vanish until our flag at sea away from our own Secretary Taft and the General Staff of the Army declare that coasts· shall vanish also, · save as borne by some chance yacht because of the shrinkage of our merchant shipping so few steam or man-of-war. ers fit for transports are available that- It Now and for the immediate future the force for which our military is true that some millions of dollars of American money establishment is maintained can not be exerted ovet·sea. The quick are invested in steamships under foreign colors. But one thing first blow, so very and increasingly important, can not be struck at all, must be borne in mind, and that is that the mere passage of a nor can an expedition of any greater size be embarked without delay free-ship law would not bring this American-owned foreign ship except by the use of foreign vessels. ping beneath the flag of the United States. A year ago the Mer- - And the War Departn;tent report adds: , chant Marine Commission caused a special inquiry to be sent to These conditions can not improve until the American steam sea going merchant marine has increased in general to approximately two the principal American owners of foreign steamship property and· one-half its present volume by the addition of ships adapted in size to the International Mercantile Marine Company, W. R. Grace and design to quick conversion into suitable transports and built under & Co., the Anglo-American Oil Company, and others. These con conditions which make their voluntary surrender to the United States cerns were asked the direct question whether they would hoist on demand a foregone conclusion. the American flag above their ships if American regish·y were American capital invested in American shipping would not given them by act of Congress. One and all replied that they only mean employment for American shipyard employees, but would not do this; that a free-ship law would be absolutely null would mean, too, the c1·eation of an adequate fleet of transports, and void ; that they could not afford to accept American registry supply ships, colliers, and other naval auxiliaries for the United unless some offset were provided through subsidy, discriminat States instead of for the governments of Europe. A large part ing duty, or otherwise for the higher range of wages of Ameri of the $200,000,000 paid to foreign shipowners every year for can officers and crews and the higher standard of maintenance the carrying of our foreign commerce is in effect a contribution of American vessels. to. the war power of Europe. Great Britain has more than Indeed, there are acts of Congress now granting registry to 30,000 of her merchant seamen, most of them employed in tile foreign steamships which have never been availed of by the North Atlantic trade, enrolled by the admiralty for- naval service. owners to whom American registry was offered. 'l'hey sought Germany, France, Italy, and the other powers of the Conti this registry, but on consideration preferred to continue to run nent regard every merchant officer and seaman as a naval-re beneath foreign flags. serve man and subject their seafaring population to a period of · The case is exactly parallel to American ownership of foreign regular naval service. After this officer or man has received factories employing labor at low wages on goods intended for his naval training and becomes useful to his Government, be use in the United States. If American investors in these for goes on board a merchant ship engaged in carrying American eign factories were allowed by act of Congress to transfer commerce and is thereafter maintained at our expense. their whole machinei.·y and equipment free of duty to this coun SHIPS OF OUR OWN. try, they would not do this unless they could have some pro A large part, therefore, of the cost of European preparation tection or encouragement by tariff to enable them to offset the for war with the United States or any other country comes indi higher labor cost of operation in America. rectly but none the less surely out of the pockets of the American This inquiry of the Merchant Marine Commission therefore people. We are paying the bills of the prepared ·and powerful has demonstrated that a free-ship law would have absolutely no naval reserves of Europe. .Meanwhile we have almost no naval effect, in the judgment of American investors, in foreign ship reserYe .of our own. Our naval fleet is almost the only one in ping. They would not bring their foreign vessels under the the world, with the exception of that of Russia and China per American flag if they were given an opportunity unless, in haps, which has no second line-no sea militia-behind it. And deed, a subsidy or discriminating duty compensated them for we can never have such a second line, such a sea militia, so the higher wages they would have to pay and the better food lorig as nine-tenths of our foreign commerce is conveyed by for they would have to provide for American officers and for sea eign ships, even if 10 or 12 per cent of these foreign ships are men shipped in American ports. owned by American capital. There are those who contend that it is sufficient that Amer This bill of the Merchant Marine Commission will give us ican capital invested in foreign shipping in our carrying trade ships of our own-American built, and manned by American offi brings dividends from its investment to America. '.rhat, of cers and seamen. It will not give us floating palaces. There course, is all right from the standpoint of the capitalist. He is nothing in this legislation to insure the launching of "grey gets his money out of his foreign shipping. It comes into this bounds " that will cross the sea in five days. It is not primarily country. It is spent at home. To that extent the country is a bill for fast trans-Atlantic .navigation. It aims rather to en the gainer. courage the creation of steam lines of moderate speed and great But where does the American wage-earner come in? Where carrying power to South America, Africa, and Asia. These are is the benefit to him of American investment in foreign shipping? the substantial and useful ships of commerce. They are the For it is a well-known fact that these foreign steamship lines, ships which the United States needs most, the ships which will even wllen owned and controlled by American capital, build best serve our ends, and in peace and in war will be valuable their ships abroad, repair them abroad, supply them abroad, and as auxiliaries to our fighting squadrons, for the modern navy, employ no American labor whatsoever, except the rough cargo while it requires swift scouts from the merchant fleet, must handlers on our city docks. have also all manner of attendant vessels-ships to convey re There was a time when American officers and ·sailors, driven serve ammunition, coal, and supplies of all kinds, and hospital · out of our disappearing wooden sailing ships, were to be found ships and repair ships also. These need not be of extraordinary in considerable numbers on the decks of ships of foreign na speed. The 'Var Department and the Navy Department both tions. But that time bas passed. These officers and men them state that from 12 to 15 knots is sufficient. These are the ships selves have disappeared. The ships which cross and recross tllat would be produced for our new American lines to Soutll the North Atlantic, flying foreign colors and carrying our mails America, Africa, and Asia. and freight and passengers, are officered and manned now ex American capital invested in such tonnage would give employ clusively by foreigners. ment to American labor from the very time the keel is laid. DESTITUTE ABROAD. Indeed, more than that, it would give employment to American They carry their boycott of all things American-except labor from the shipyard back to the rolling mill and forge, to American dollars-so far that they will not employ American the foundry, mine, and forest; for 95 per cent of the cost o~ a seamen except to take the places of chance deserters in our finished steamship is labor, after all-not labor in the sllipya'rd ports. Thus this passage in a recent newspaper is significant: alone, but labor in all the workshops where the plates and beams 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1879 are wrought, labor in the mines whence the coal and ore are . gradually became exhausted and its power to produce wheat dug, labor in the fore ts where the timber is felled, and the mills consequently diminished. The Dakotas, once regarded as an where it is fashioned. .A great shipbuilding indush·y in Amer inexhaustible source of supply for wheat production, have been ica means new markets for the products of our farms. .A thou found to have limitations. sand mOi'e workmen in a shipyard on the Delaware, on the I . believe if we were confined now for our wheat supply to shores of Virginia or Georgia or the Gulf States means three those States in the Union upon which the rainfall is adequate or fo·ur thousand more to be fed and clothed, and to build the for the production of a crop, we would be importing wheat from merchant marine made possible by this bill would mean, not a India inside of twenty years. We will, before the great body thousand more workmen, but tens of thousands all along the of arid lands shall have been reclaimed, find it necessary to draw coast of the United S~ates. upon the arid region for the breadstuff of the nation. SHIPS MAKE MORE TRADE. Probably 50,000,000 acres of wheat-producing land will be Yet the prime end we have in view i~, after all, not shipbuilding brought under the operations of the Reclamation Service. While or ship owning or navigation, or even the strengthening of the the average crop in the State of :Minnesota is 12 bushels per acre, Navy by a great body -of skilled officers and seamen. The real the average production upon an acre of irrigated land is from object of a reestablished merchant marine is the expansion of 40 to 60 bushels, or, in other words, 40 acres of land under irri American commerce. Once build your ships and trade is sure gation will, year in and year out, produce more merchantable to follow in their wake, as cities and towns spring up along the wheat than 200 acres of land within the rain belt, so called. lines of our transcontinental railroads. Ships work for the We of that arid region are looking for our market for the ports that own them . just as railroads work for their terminal enormous quantities of wheat destined to be produced there not points. The great ocean s~amer built in Pennsylvania out of to Europe, but to Asia. The largest order for flour ever placed Lake Superior ore increases the value of Iowa and Dakota in any milling establishment in the world was recently placed farms through the new transportation facilities she provides and with the Minneapolis mills for flour to be exported to China, the new power she gives for driving .American merchandise into notwithstanding the boycott. We are interested in whatsoever the markets of South America or the Orient. will furnish us the means of sending this future product to the It is an old cry againSt protection to American industry that markets of the world, and particularly to the oriental market. it takes money from the pockets of the many to put into the A slight scanning of the map will show that the Pacific pockets of the few. This assertion is a hundred years old in Ocean is largely bounded now by American territory. On tile America. It has echoed and reechoed through a hundred polit east are the Pacific coast States; to the west we have the ical campaigns. It bas deceived the unthinking, but it has never Hawaiian Islands, not quite in midocean, but well-nigh situ stood the te t of frank examination and honest inquiry. ated · in midocean; to the north and the northwest the great This bill will cost the American people something. Its sub Alaskan country, and the Aleutian Islands extending down well ventions must be paid out of the National Treasury from money nigh to the coast . of Japan; to the southwest the Philippine collected indirectly from all the people, but the ships which Archipelago, extending for some 2,000 miles on the southwest: these subventions will give the nation will serve the interests of ern point or border of the Pacific Ocean. Upon all that vast all the people. ocean bounded so largely by our territory, with possibilities The money which is being used, for instance, to irrigate the of commerce which we can now but slightly comprehend, we have arid regions of the West is the money of the many, but it is a but a few American ships transporting passengers and a slight shortsighted view that its expenditure benefits only the few amount of freight from Pacific coast ports up to Alaska, and a landowners of the neighborhood. It is of great advantage to very few vessels engaged in trade with the Orient. them and of great advantage to the State or Territory in which A very enterprising American but recently invested in two of the land reclaimed·by irrigation is located. But this money ex the largest freight-carrying vessels now afloat. The vessela pended in irrigation benefits the entire country through increas are engaged in the trade between Seattle and ports of China ing our arable domain and the productive power of our agri and Japan. I am informed that these vessels, splendidly culture. equipped though they be, with tonnage exceeding 20,000, i So the millions that are being spent to strengthen the levees believe, with means for labor saving never before employed to of the Mi issippi will save the planters there from inunda such a wide extent, must in the nature of things discontinue to tion, and the millions more that are being spent to make navi operate in that trade, unless the Congress of the United States, gable the interior rivers of the country are justifiable, really in the exercise of its power, shall in some manner or form because, though this money comes from the pockets of the peo tend to equalize conditions between these .American vessels and ple, the benefits in the long run go to all the people, too, for their foreign competitors along the same line. we are all one people and one country, and the prosperity of The interior of the country, Ur. President, is not indifferent Colorado and of Mississippi means in the long run the pros to the growth of our shipping through and vitalizing of the perity of New York and Pennsylvania. And it is just as true American mercantile marine. We are not indifferent to the de that the prosperity of New York and Pennsylvania in the long velopment of the American Navy. Upon the ·contrary, we ara run means the prosperity of the Southern States that grow profoundly interested in both of these arms of commerce and cotton and the Western States with their cereals, their cattle, national defe e. and their fruit. What we a e anxious to know is that the bill now pending Mr. CARTER. Mr. President, the sentiments expressed by shall not be ~ nt forth in such meager terms and under such the Senator from Pennsylvania meet with my most hearty ap restrictions as will make it an experimental measure. I shall proval. I believe that no measure which beneficially affects vote for it. I shall vote for it, believing it to be in the rigl!t any part of this country can be indifferent in its effects upon direction and confidently hoping that those best informed con any other part of the country. cerni~g the possibilities 9f developmenf may not be mistaken The region to be reclaimed by the Reclamation Service, for in as to the efficacy of the measure employed. stance, is a region at present unproductive. It is a well-known It has been suggested that the bill in its present form does fact that the American farmer now raises an amount of· wheat not go far enough to insure the object in view. If that be each year in excess of the demands of home consumption, but true, the duty of the hour demands that we make the measure as our population increases it has proven unfortunately true adequate to the achievement of the purpose we have to accom- that there is not a corresponding increase in the growth of that plish. . necessary grain .for human food. The wheat-producing proper I do not believe there will be any lack of support from tie of the soil of New !lJngland, Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York, the interior of the country upon this subject. We of the Rocky and the great ~elt of Middle States become gradually exhausted. Mountain region are made up of contributions from all the We now produce in the United States about 600,000,000 bush States in the Union. That western region is a region where els of wheat each year, of wbicp we export considerable, proba provincialism can have no abiding place at all. If you want bly one-third. Yet the wheat-producing power _of the United to find the broad, liberal, unrestrained spirit of nationali m, States is less to-day, particularly in the States formerly relied you must go to the section of the country made up, as that upon for the production of wheat, than was that power ten to western country is, by _people from the South and from New twenty years ago. I well recall that Ohio was once a great England, from the Atlantic and from the Pacific, and from all wheat-producing State. Its production now is of little conse the countries of Europe. quence in comparison with the total of the country. The State We desire, 1\Ir. President, that this measure shall furnish of Illinois was a great wheat-producing State twenty years ago, an adequate means of . accomplishing the purpose it has in but experience demonstrated the fact that not to exceed three view. good crops of wheat could be grown on any ac.r:e of land in the . We are not unmindful, sir, that the country is one, and tl!at State of Illinois in succession. The State of Minnesota became which is beneficial to our section may prove beneficial to all in time one of the banner wheat-growing States of the Union sections. I visited but recently the chief city in the State of but the wheat-producing properties of the 51oil of Minnesota: the Senator from Colorado [Mr. TELLER], who yesterday after- • 1880 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. - FEBRUARY· 1, ;" noon addressed the Senate upon this subject. -I found there keeps American shipyards ·idle and empty while foreign yards busy, thriving populous communities, wher-e but a few years ago are crowded with orders, as they have been for many mouths. arid plains, uninhabited and unproductive, wei·e only to be The one difficulty, so far as shipbuilding is concerned, i -the found. Through the aid of the Government, in the interest of higher wages of American labor. A few years ago American American labor and American industry, through encouragement consuls in the chief shipping countries of Europe procured extended and in good faith recei-ved, citizens of the country had exact statements of the rates of wages paid to killed and un !nve ted in one Congressional district in the construction of six: skilled workmen in the various European yards. The e figur{'S beet-sugar factories. These beet-sugar factories, I was in were published in the Consular Reports and republished in the formed, t1Jst in the neighborhood of $1,000,000 each. They were American Economist with a comparative statement of Ameri producing all the sugar required in that section of the country, can shipyard wage in the same trades, prepared by lllr. Cramp, and- orne of the surplus was being shipped across the 1\Iis the great shipbuilder of Philadelphia. The earnings for a week sissippi. - of fifty-six hours' work of the mechanics and laborers of various These beet-sugar factories, taking care of a product of the classes in the chief shipyards of Great Britain and in the Cramp farm, caused a dense population to spring up and settle round yard in the United States were as follows : about plains but recently arid and unsettled. r.. and that was said to have been worth only $2.50 to $5 an acre twenty years Brit- Ameri- ago is now selling, in the vicinity of Denver, Colo., at from $50 ish. can. to $250 per acre; and sugar at the same time in that section of Pattern makers------·.---·------______------__ .... $9.00 $18.00 the country is cheaper than it was before ·the factories were Machinists _____ . ___ . ------______------8.50 15.00 establi bed under the encouragement of the Government. Riveters ______------______------·-- ______-----·---·-- 7.50 12.00 That which was done for the beet-sugar industry of the vrest Calkers and chippers--·------·----- 7.80 15.00 Fitters-up ____ ------______------______7.80 15.00 inay, I think, be done for the shipping industries of the country Ship carpenters ______·------____ ------______9.60 18.00 also, if the Government will but assist by _putting the slEulclers Joiners ______.----- ____ -----·------.... ______9.00 16.50 of all. the people behind the movement until the movement gets Painters ______------______------· ____ ------9.60 18.00 Furnace men. ______------____ ·------______----- 6.00 10.80 a sufficient impetus. 9. 60 19.50 The Senator fi·om Wisconsin [Mr. SPOONER] yesterday in 6. 40 11.00 quired whether ships could be built cheaper hereafter, provided b~e~~~~ =~ ======: ==~======~ ==~======: ~=~ ==== 8.50 15.00 8.60 18.00 we-started the shipbuilding industry in the country. I think 9.00 U . 50 that question answers itself in the matter of common experience. ~;s~~~~~~Molders, brass ...... ~;;~ ~------== ~ ======~ == =- =------======:------== = : ·:: ~= 9.00 15.00 8.00 It is not long ago since an ordinary plow cost $30 to $40 with a Laborers ...... ------______------______------______4.20 { steel moldboard, and that, too, when wheat was selling at 50 10.00 cents a bushel. By virtue of the development of the plow-manu facturing industry in the country a plow which formerly cost This authoritative record shows that the earnings of Ameri $30 to $40 can be bought for $G or $8 in the market now. A can workmen in the Cramp shipyard at Philadelphia are nearly mowing machine which used to cost $125 can be purchased in twice as great for a given number of hours a week as the the market now for from $40 to $60. It is so with wagons, and earnings of the workmen in the shipyards of Great Britain. with the various implements of husbandry. But it will be asked are not the American workmen more active The development of factories, - the increase of demand, tb~ and efficient? Unquestionably they are. They are the better de"Velopment of skilled labor, the multiplication of manufac men for their higher wages. But they are not so much more turing enterprises will, of course, in shipbuilding, as in all active and efficient than their British kinsmen that one man in other departments of endeavor, necessarily reduce the cost as an American shipyard can do the work of two men abroad. productive capacity is increased, and produ.ctive capacity will A. 30 PER CEXT GREATER COST. increa e where the demand for the finished product increases. With materials at approximately equal cost, the American Let the Senators having this bill in charge give us no experi ship of a given type and dimensions costs now from 20 to 40 mental legislation. Make the bill strong enough now to put our per cent more than a British ship. The average probabiy is not shipowners and operators upon an equal footing with their far from 30 per cent. A year or two ago when the Merchant competitors, and American enterprise and thrift and skill will Marine Commis ion began its investigation, shipbuilding a_broad do- what is necessary to bring American shipping up to the happened to be stagnant. There was temporarly an oversupply standard of our expectations. of ships in the world's commerce. Because of that fact, Brit I do sincerely tru t that before the Senator from Pennsyl ish shipyards were offering to build "Vessels actually at le s vania concludes be will give us some assurance of his faith in than co t in order to keep their machinery employed and· to hold the adequa·cy of the pending measure to accomplish the result their skilled workmen together. Therefore, there were instances its framers have in view. reported to the Commission where American shipowners, asking Mr. PENROSE. Mr. President, I am very glad to have this for estimates for -the cost of a given >e sel in British shipyards inteiTuption, which is not exactly an inquiry, as I had expected, and at home, found that British builders wo·uld construct a but a Yery clear and very important statement from the di tin craft for a price not much more than half of that asked by guisbed Senator from Montana. I am glad to learn that there American builders. However, the past year has brought a radi exists so much patriotic feeling in his State, so distant from my cal change in conditions. The ending of the war in the East own, for the rehabilitation of the American merchant marine has vastly stimulated oriential commerce and the depre sion in and the placing of the American flag again upon our ocean British sllipbuilding has given way to a tremendous boom. The highways. yards of the Clyde and the Tyn,e are crowded with work. '.rbis bill does not come up to the wishes of any of us, per Prices of British ship materials have risen rapidly, and Ameri hnp , who are anxious for the rehabilitation of the American cans who have lately made inquiries abroad as to the cost of merchant marine, but it is the best that can be obtained under merchant tonnage have found that British prices were again no present conditions, and it will undoubtedly go a long way to more than 20 or 30 per cent below prices for similar vessels ward bringing about the results which we all have so closely at here. That there is so close a range in the cost of ocean hips lieart. _ in America and Great Britain is proof, of course, that American Did I think that a bill more radical in its provisions, greater shipyard labor is more active and efficient. Otherwise, with in its expenditures, and more extensive in its scope bad any wages nearly twice as high here as they are in England, the chance of passing the American Congress, I for one would cost of an American ship would be 75 or 80 per cent more than gladly assist in framing it and assi t in its passage; but we the cost of a similar British vessel. are all com·ersant with the opposition and the difficulties .A,.cknowledging that American shipyard workmen are more which thi fQI'm of legislation has encountered in the past So · efficient than British workmen and that they actually do more the member. of the Me;·chant .Marine Commission felt that .it work for their higher wage , the fact remains unmistakable was better to be conservative and to get the best we could rather that tlle superior efficiency of our workmen does not suffice to tllan, by striving after greater and more brilliant results, to cover the entire cost of their higher wages. If it did, with ship perhaps encounter ultimate defeat. materials so nearly level in both countries, the price of a com I shall tax the patience of the Senate but a short time longer, pleted vessel would be substantially the same here and abroad, but I desire to call attention to a few points before concluding and thus British shipowners, who can not procure tonnage from my remarks. their overcrowded British yards, would place their orders ih It has already been shown, Mr. President, that the difference the empty shipyards of America. in the cost of ship materials between the United States and E>en allowing for all the higher efficiency of American work Europe-or of materials required for ships for the foreign men, there is imperative need of some national protection to trade-is not a large item in the cost of the completed vessel. equalize conditions between the Delaware River and the Clyde. It is not the cost of materials, not the protective tariff, which Such protection is offered in. the terms of the proposed bill of 1906 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-SENATE. 1881 the Merchant Marine Commission. It Is true that this bill gives of the roughest and cheapest manual labor. There has been a no subvention, bounty, or subsidy to shipbuilding.· Japan, slight improvement since then because of the building of a few France, Italy, and other nations give bounties from the public coastwise vessels, but the situation is not materially changed. treasury of so much per ton on all native-built ocean ships, arid Right here and now in the height of our splendid. prosper_ity also grant subsidies for navigation. The plan which we recom there is one trade, and one trade only, in which American work mend is to grant subventions only on the navigation of the men by the thousands can :find no employment and no wages. ships-to ·both mail liners and cargo vessels. It is our belief The sincerity of the devotion of Senators to the interests of labor that if this aid is bestowed American shipowners will thereby be will be demonstrated by .their votes upon tQ.is s;hipping bill. : enabled to run their ships on even terms against the cheap Tile passage of this bill will start into new life the shipyards wages and the subsidies of Europe. of New England, Pennsylvania, Virginia, the Gulf ports, and the As an illustration of how generously our chief rivals in trade Pacific States. But, as has already been said, it will not benefit encourage their great lines of mail steamships, this statement these coast States only, for the ships that will be built will make from a New York newspaper of a recent date is interesting: new markets for the products of every State and "Territory in [New York Herald, January 21; 1906.] our nation. And the prosperity of the shipyards will mean i SHIP SUBSIDIES ABROAD. prosperity for all the people, and especially for the farmers of 1 The German lines are the most heavily state-subsidized steamship the country, who provide the material to feed and clothe the lines in the world. The total imp,el'ial subsidy granted by Germany to mechanics of the seaboard. ·steamship lines amounts to $1,737,500 per annum, and is distributed among the North German Lloyd, of Bremen, and the German East SHIPYARDS AND FACTORIES. Africa Company, of Hamburg. There is in addition to this a small The value of the protective tariff in encouraging manufac impeL·ial subsidy granted for a service established to compete for the West African trade. The German East Africa line receives $337,500 a turing, and thereby making new markets for the products of year for a fortnightly service circumnavigating Africa in alternate di the farms of the remotest Western States, has come to be well rections. The North German Lloyd receives $825,000 per annum fot· a understood throughout America. A shipyard is a factory, and fortnightly service direct to China and Japan, and $575,000 for a a mighty one. Few factories anywhere employ so large a pro monthly seL·vlce to Australia. In ad!Ittion to this there is an amount o~ $325,000 paid to the Hamburg-Amencan and North German Lloyd com- portion of highly skilled and well-paid labor. An American companies for the carriage of mails. · mechanic earning $3 a day in a Delaware shipyard is enabled : The P. & 0. Company receives the sum of $1,750,000 per annum for a fortnightly service from Brindisi to Shanghai, a weekly service f1·om to buy more and better food and better clothing and many other Brindisi to Bombay, and a fortnightly service from Brindisi to Adelaide. necessaries of life, which though necessaries here are luxuries Of this sum approximately $425,000 is allotted to t uJ Australian abroad, that a workman earning $1.50 a day in a British ship service, Brindisi to Adelaide, covering about 9,100 miles, including ports of call. If 2,500 miles, about the .distance from London to Brindisi yard can not afford. The American workman is twice as valu the P. & 0. is obliged to run to BL'indisi to pick up the malls-and able as a customer for your western farms as a British work 1,075 miles, representing the mileage ft·om Adelaide to Sydney, are man with half his wages. Indeed, in actual effect one Ameri added, a total distance of 12,675 miles, the nearest possible approach to an absolutely comparative basis is obtained. The North German can workman is worth to your western. farmers six times as Lloyd receives $575,000 per annum for a monthly service from Bremer much as a British workman. in a British shipyard, for the haven to· Sydney, a distance of about 13,100 miles, including ports of American workman, you inay be very certain, eats bread made call. The P. & 0. Company runs fifty-two voyages in a -year, and the North German Lloyd runs, under its contract, at least twenty-six voy from American · grain and meat gro'wn on American farms or ages a year. This works out at 66.105 cents per mile for the P. · & 0. ranches ; he wears American clothes of cotton or of wool grown and Orient companies, and $1.68819 per mile for the North German in this country. But the British workman, who builds the Lloyd. ships that now monopolize American trade, may or may not If the bill proposed by the Merchant Marine Commission is be a consumer of American grains or meats. It is very much enacted, American shipyards will prosper, though they receive more probable that his bread comes from India or Russia, and no direct subvention of their own. For the bill requires that the meat he seldom eats from Argentina or Australia. On~ to be qualified for these subventions, ships must be already reg large American shipyard with 10,000 . workmen is unquestion istered or hereafter built and registered in the United States. ably worth more as a market for the farms of Iowa, .1\Iinne · Take, for example, the proposed mail lines to South America. sota, Kansas, Nebraska, or the Dakotas than all the workmen There is now not one American steamer running on these im engaged in building North Atlantic ships in all the shipyards portant routes. These proposed lines are absolutely nonexist of the United Kingdom. Nor is it only these American shipyard ent. And there are few if any steamers now in commission un workmen whose employment means a better market for the der tile flag of the United States that are adapted to the peculiar products of our western farms, for it must be remembered that i·equirements of this long-voyage trade and of the general com a large_part of the work of building a great ocean steamship merce of South America. Perhaps there are a few steamers is performed outside of the shipyard before the steel beams and that can be temporarily employed to begin the service while plates and angles have been hauled inside the shipyard gates. other ships are _being constructed. But virtually the entire fleet The work begins when the iron ore to make the steel is dug requisite for these South American lines must be built in Amer: out of the mines of Lake Superior or when the h·ees for the ican shipyards. That is true to a lesser degree of the proposed woodwork ·of the ship are felled in the forests of Georgia, lines in the Pacific Ocean, where a few American ships are Florida, and the Carolinas. These :first processes of ship con hard pressed by British, Japanese, au~ other foreign subsidized struction are performed far from the ocean. They give work competition. and wages to men of the distant interior, who perhaps have It is estimated that the ten new lines will call, in round num never ·seen the ocean. As these materials are advanced from bers, for about sixty ocean steamships, most of. them large ves one process to another, they give employment to the men of sels and capacious carriers of cargo, and that the aggregate ton your interior States, to the great steamers that come down the nage of this new ocean mail fleet will be ~early, if not quite, Lakes, to the railroads 'Vest and South that bring them from 300,000 tons. The building of these ships will give employment mill and forge to the yard where they are to be wrought into to our idle shipyards. It will bring work and wages to thou tue :finished vessel. A hundred million dollars a year in build sands of mechanics. And with them, alongside of them, will be ing new ships for ocean trade means the distribution of built also, if this bill is passed, the cargo vessels, steam and sail, $95,000,000 in labor throughout all circles of h·ade and industry especially for We t Indian, South American, and Asiatic com in the United States. merce, which are to receive the subventions provided in sections This is something to remember when men tell you that this 2 and 3 of $5 per ton, or $6.50 per ton in Philippine commerce. bill is merely a bill to enrich shipowning and spipbuilding WAGES THAT ARE NEEDED. trusts and combinations. There is no shipowning trust or com What this law means to the shipbuilding industry of the bination in ocean trade under the flag of the United States. United States can be realized when it is said that there are now The International Mercantile .1\faril}e Company, sometimes building, all told, less than 30,000 tons of ocean steamships in caJled the "Atlantic Steamship Trust," is the largest steam hip the United States-all of this in one shipyard on the Delaware. company in the world, though no larger than two great German Except for these four vessels, not one order for an ocean steam companies united. But this company has 120 foreign_ vessels ship exclusively for foreign trade has been given since June, and only 10 American. 1901, to any American builder. Representatives of the shipyard And there is no ocean shipbuilding trust. That is a :figment workmen-the Brotherhood of Boiler 1\Iakers and Iron Ship Build of the imagination. Ambitious men attempted several years er , affiliated with the Federation of Labor-who appeared in ago to form a shipyard trust. Nine-tentils of American ship 1904 ·before the committees of Congress in support of the recom yards refused to enter it. Not one of the great shipyards of mendation of the President of the United States that the Mer the Atlantic coast would consent to join. After a brief and chant 1\Iarine Commission should be created, declared that at stormy career this so-called "shipbuilding trust" went into the least one-half of tile skilled shipyard workmen of the Atlantic hands of receivers. As now reorganized it is building but a and Pacific coasts were either ::tltogether idle and in want or small fraction of the small tonnage now under consh·uction in were wor.king at common laborers' wages at any occupation they the United States. could get-digging ditches, sweeping streets, or some other form Nine-tenths of American ocean shipyards are now and always / . 1882 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 1, have been independent of this combination and of any other. tion· at the same time. I Inclose (marked "B ") Lloyds' statement for the world of vessels under construction on September 30, 1905. You They are engaged in the i'ullest and freest kind of competition, will notice that in the United Kingdom at that time there were 474 and are subject, as all other corporations, to the Federal laws vessels of 1,325,328 gross tons under construction. I have telegraphed applied to combinations " in restraint of trade." to New York and shall probably receive to-m01.-row a statement show ing the portion of those which wet·e under construction on the Clyde." A MONOPOLY THAT MUST BE BROKEN. You will notice that this return of Lloyds shows only twenty-six ea golng vessels of 38,474 gross tons under construction in the United So all talk of "fostering monopoly," "to enrich the great Stutes, of which twelve ves els of 24, 24 gross tons were under con combinations," as applied to this bill is unfair and unfounded. struction on the Delaware. Lloyds' figures are a slight understatement There are combinations and monopolies in the shipping trade of for the United States. The Cramps, for example, are bulldin four steamers for the New York and Cuba Mall Line (two of which are to the United States, but the e are of foreign origin, foreign con replace vessels they sold to the Panama Canal Commission), agg·regat trol, foreign ownership, and difficult to reach by American ing about 28,000 tons. These were not contracted for until Au6Ust. authority, beyond the full scope of American laws. And what and, of cour e, were not covered by Lloyds' return, which allows only 24,824 under construction on the Delaware. monopoly could be more dangerous, more galling, more obstruc Making allowances for differences due to the fact that I include in tive of the commei·ce and industry of the American people than my figures contracts for ships as well as ships the keels of which have that monopoly which exists to-day in the fact that nine-tenths of actually been laid and for the fact that the ships covered in my table for July 1, 1905, by this time are either completed, or, In some In the imports and exports of America are conveyed in foreign stances, very close to completion, I believe you will be safe in using ships by foreign seamen at a cost of about $200,000,000 a year? Lloyds' table inclosed as a fair statement of construction for the ocean At least one-half of this immense sum, which has to be settled trade In progress in American and foreign yards. Such rough com- · in gold or its equivalent, now drained out of this country, ought parison of steel steamers would be : 1 to remain here in the form of dividends on American capital Num Gross ! and wages to American labor. This foreign domination of our ber. tons. I own ocean carrying trade is a monopoly indefensible and intol erable-a menace to the security as well as to the prosperity of United Kingdom ______-----·-·--·------···--·- ______444 1,819, 718 the Repubilc. There can be no party, no sectional difference Germany __ -----_-----_ ••••• ____ ----.•.••. ______67 2'.a1,070 over the imperative need of smashing forever a monopoly like United States •• ---· -----·------··-··----- __ --·· •••• ------23 35,274 this. It can only be done by creating a great fleet of American You will perceive the difficulty in making comparisons, but I trust ships and a great naval reserve of American seamen. This bill I have made myself clear. of the Merchant Marine Commission is a long, strui <>'ht step If I can be of service to you, please command me. toward that end, and as such it demands the immediate and Respectfully, hearty approval of the Congress of the United States. El .. T. CHAMBERLAIN, Commissioner. Mr. President, I have here three communications from the A.-Seagoing steam vessels built (and officially numbered) from January Commissioner of Navigation, giving certain statistics referred 1 to Decentbe?' S1, 1905. to by me, which I ask unanimous consent to have inserted in the Gross RECORD as an appendix to my remarks. ' Name. Where built. Rig. ton '.rhe VICE-PRESIDENT. 'Vithout objection, it will be so nage. ordered. Geo. F . Randolf a ______: ______Baltimore,. Md ______The communications referred to are as follows: St. s - 211 Dakota a------·-- New Lonaon, Conn ______St.s._ 20,714 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR, Providence a_-----_··-··------Quincy, Mass ______--·-· St.p __ 4365 Hercules ______-·-·--·····--·--·------Tomkins Cove, N. Y ___ _ St.s .. '163 BUREAU OF NAVIGATION, Jack Twohya ______---· ---·-- ______Camden. N. J ______St. a __ Washington, January !6, 1906. Sea. Foam ______Aberdeen, Wash------171 Hon. BOIES PENROSE, ContinentaL ______Port Jefferson. N. Y ___ _ St.s .. 339 United States Senate. St. . s .. 82 Chippewa a ------· ------Philadelphia, Pa ____ ---- St.s .. 2696 -DEAR SENATOR : Referring to your personal request yesterday after St.s .. 2,696 noon, I inclose a statement (marked "A") of all the seagoing steam ~~~~ae'ft~-=====~::::::::::::::::==== -Buc~~P<>r-t: -:Ma:::::::==== St. a .• 614 ves els built in the United States during the year ended December 31, Daisy MitchelL------_-----____ Fairhaven, Cal ____ ------St. a __ 612 1905. The total, you will notice, is only eighteen vessels, of 35,199 Frances Hyde---·------···----- Bath, Me ______St.s .. 739 gro s tons. In addition to this, during the calendar year 1905 seven 204 teen yachts, of 753 gross tons, were built, but they are hardly worth Robert W. Johnson·------· Noank, Conn--·------·-- St.s .. Monocacy c' ____ ------···-·-·------Sp~rrow s :E_'oint, Md - ~ -- St.s .. 617 considering for your purposes. 1\lore than one-half of this tonnage Transfer No.19a ------·------·- Philadelphia, Pa ------St.·s __ 270 is one ship of 20,714, built, as you will recall, for James J. Hill's rail Transfer No. 2()a ··----·------·------_____ do------·--- St.s __ 270 road connections at Puget Sound to J apan and China. The Hill St.s .. 283 steamer, you will remember, took four yeat·s in building. St. a •. 153 On the Delaware only four steamers, of 5,932 gross tons, were built. ~~b:tiisilSb6eb:::::::::::~::::::: ~~;;:M~~:::::::::::: You might compare the above statement with the output of Great Britain and Ireland during the calendar year 1905. The official fig TotaL----·_----·----···------••••• ··-----··· ···----···-- -·------35,199 ures have not yet reached me, but the Shipping World, a London publi- 8 wooden vessels------··--·-····-·-··-···-·------2,906 cation and a recognized authority on shippinl? matters abroad, compiles 10 steel vessels·------··-····------····--- 32,298 evet·y year from returns furnished by shipbuilders a table showing the _ --- construction in the United Kingdom during the past calendar year. 18 wooden and steam vessels----·----····------··--··-···~ 35,199 This is printed shortly after the 1st of January, in advance of official figures, and I have just received it. I believe the figures to be entirely trustworthy. They show the output on the Clyde and in Scotland as a Steel vessels. b Gasoline. 407 vessels, of 571,287 gross tons. The shipbuilding firm of Harland & 35 Wolft', of Belfast, Ireland, last year built nine steamers, of 85,287 gross ' tons, or more than double the output of seagoing steam tonnage of the }~ ~~~hts~e:;:~e~nl~~:~d~-~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::~ ~-~~!£~:: i~ American yards. There were, indeed, six single British shipyards 35 Rteam vessels and yachts engaged in trade--······------______do____ --35,952 · each of which built more seagoing steam tonnage during the last cal endar year than was built in the entire United States during the same 4 steam vessels built on Delaware River ---·-········-·· ______do____ 5, 932 period. According to the Shipping World of January 3, 1906, the total 1 B.-Numbe·r and tonnage of vessels of 100 tons gross ana upward, etc. ~~rtp19"\,gfw~~e a~Uf~fl~~s ~enters of shipbuilding in the United Kingdom United Other Num Italy. Japan. Norway. States. coun Total. ber. Tons. Yea.r. tries. ______N_o_. ,T_ons_. No. Tons. No.jTons. No. Tons. No. Tons. No. Tons. The Clyde and Scotland .••.•• ------·------407 5TI,287 1 1 The Tyne _----- _------···--·------·------135 322,749 The Wear---- ___ ------•• --·· •• ------··--- 101 816,940 189'2______2113,888 ------4224,572 73 62,588 4015,7621,1:511,3.)8,04:5 The Hartlepools _--···. --··· ··--·-••.••• ------···------•••• 35 119,517 1893 ...... 2110,626 s 1,132 3016,552 36 27,174 6017,788 8461,026,741 The Tees------·------··----·----·------·--- 40 132,751 1894...... 10 5,396 H 3,173 2517,169 43 66,894 3213,894 9321,323,538 The Humber------·----··-·-···------108 29,497 1-895 ..••••••• 10 5,603 S 2,296 2112,873 61 84,877 2..:> 7,881 8801,21H,160 The Thames ---·-- __ ·--- _----- _------·-----·--···------188 12,898 1ti96 ------10 1 6, 7:~ 26 7,849 1712,059 144,184,175 24 7,8201, 113,1,567, &:2 The Channel and West Coast------.-----_--··· ••.••• ······-- 192 48,270 1897 ______812,9!\J 22 6,740 2517,248 84 86,838 3613,711 9901,331,924 Ireland---- ______.------·------.------···-···------35 144, 743 1898------1926, 500 9111,4-24 2922,670 1621173,250 35 8,9681,2001,f!9B,343 1899 ______81,49,472 3 6,775 3427,853 148•224,2'1'8 6116,3821,2692,121,738 Total ______-·- __ ------... ·--•. _... __ ------· _----- 1,191 1,698,152 1900 -----.--- 36 67. 522 3 4, 543 42 32, 751 235:333, 527 67 21' 174 1, 364 . ' i}().!, 163 1901______3560,526 9437,208 4036,875 ~4."33,235 0028,8901,~2,617,539 1902.------62 46,270 5327,181 4637,8i8 ~1 1 379, 174 94 38,2771,6:10 2,502, 'i'55 CURRE. T CO~STRUCTION . 100L •..••••. 8150,089 623~,514 5441,599 246 001,820 88B5,9281,6502,145,631 My report for 1905, of which there are copies in Senator GALLINGEB's 19()4______35100,ffi6 67132,969 67150,469 227238,518 77:28,2Ml,6431,9iS7,935 committee room, shows, at pages 10 to 13, the steel vessels under con 1 struction or under contract at the beginning of the fiscal year July 1, 1905. At that date there were forty-nine seagoing merchant steel ves VESSELS UNDER CONSTRUCTION SEPTEMBER 30 1!)05. sels of 86,836 gross tons under construction or under contract. Some From the returns compiled by Lloyd's Register of Shipping, lt ap of these have since been completed, and the work under contract on pears that, excluding war ships, there were 474 ves els of 1,325,328 some of the others has probably hardly yet gone further than the as tons gross under construction in the United Kingdom at the close o~ llembling of matet·ials. I have no similar tables at hand of foreign vessels under construe- "T~legr am just received states : 147 steamers, 484,630 gross tons. 1~06. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1883 the quarter ended September 30, 1905. The particulars of the vessels ln question are as follows, similar details being given for the corre Steam. Sail. Total. sponding period in 1904 for the purpose of comparison: Total. by country and Date of 1----,------1---,------l----,------district. retnrn. Gross N Gross N Gross September 30, 1905. September 30, 190{. N °· tonnage. o. tonnage. o. tonnage.· Description. ------1------Number. Gross ton- Number. Gross ton- 1905. nage. - nage. Holland, 20 vessels, 32,155 tons: . STEAM. A~:t~~~~:en~ E~i~ _ Sept. Z3 8 16,840 1 lro 9 17,040 SteeL.------.•... : ------444 1,319,~ 352 1,029,622 Rotterdam. Flushing Iron _------______------1 ------i------220 and ports south ·or1 Wood and composite. ____ ... ______1 00 the "Lek"------Sept.21 10 14,715 1 400 11 15,115 ------1 ------1 ----~- 1 ------ Italy, 20 vessels, 54,959 Total .... ------.------446 1,320,098 353 1,029,842 tons: ===1====1 0 SAIL. ~~g~a======~~=:::::: ·s-egr.20- __ :_ ----~:~- :::: :::::::::: __ :_ -----~~~ Gulf of Genoa __ ._.____ Sept. 21 10 43,200 4 730 14 43, 930 Le~horn and Viareg- _ ======------~~~1~ =====~==== .:~. ~~~~- -~- ~~~~ g1o ------.... do •.. ____ ------3 429 3 429 Wood and composite------12 1,359 U 1,611 Naples ______Sept.15 ____ ------1 180 1 180 Palermo ______Sept.17 2 6,600 ____ ------2 'Total______28 5,~ 40 16,466 6,600 Japan, Z3 vessels, 20,780 Total steam and saiL...... ======474 1======1======1======1,325,328 393 1,046,308 tons: Kobe and Osaka._----- June 14 15 12,945 2 400 17 13,345 Nagasaki------July 27 6 7,435 ____ ------6 7,435 The tonnage under construction has shown a steady increase since Yokohama ______Aug. 18 ____ --·------____ ------Decembe1·, 1903, and the present figures are within 87,000 tons of the Norway, 29 vessels, 31,996 total reached in September, 1901, which is the highest on record. As tons: compared with the return for the June quarter, the figures show an in Bergen, Dr~mtheim. crease of 24,000 tons, while the March quarter's total is now exceeded and Stavanger ------Sept.20 12 14,800 ------12 14,800 by 7 4,000 tons. Christiania,. etc ______Sept.16 17 17,196 17 17,196 . SIZE OF VESSELS UNDER CONSTRUCTION (WAR SHIPS EXCLUDED). Philippine Islands: Ma nila, i:l vessels, 915 tons___ Feb. 11 · 3 915 3 915 The following table shows the vessels under construction in the Portugal: United Kingdom, classified according to gross tonnage : Lisbon ______Sept.25 ____ ------____ ------Oporto ------June 28 ____ ------____ ------Spain, 1 vessel, 1,650 tons: Tonnage. Steam. Sail. Tonnage. Steam. Sail. Bilbao ______Sept:25 1 1,6.1)() ____ ------1 1,650 Cadiz ______Jnne24 ____ ------____ ------____ ------Sweden, 8 vessels, 5,180 Under 100 tons a_------7 5 7,000 to 7,999 tons .•. ___ 11 tons: 100 to 199 tons------41 14 8,{XX) to 8,999tons ...... 4 Gottenborg ______Sept.20 5 3,860 2 470 7 4,330 200 to 499 tons ______88 6 9,{XX) to 9,999 tons ... ___ 6 Helsingborg and Mal- 500 to 999 tons------18 3 10,000 to 11,999 tons .... 1 1,000 to 1,999 tons ...... 42 12,{XX) to 14,999 tons .... 2 __ :_ ==== :::::::::: __:_ 2,{XX) to 2,999 tons ...... 40 15,000 to 19,999tons.... 3 S~khoiill::======-~-~~~~------~------~ 3,000 to 3,999 tons ...... 82 20,{XX) tons and above. 5 g~~~k~~~~~:iS~- May 27 ------4,{XX) to 4,999 tons ...... 73 ------5,{XX) to 5,999 tons ...... 18 TotaL ....• ------446 28 38~~M:-~~: ______Sept.u 5 9,174 2 2,000 7 11,174 6, ------~------~~~~--~~ - RECEIVER OF PUBLIC MONEYS. District. Description. Num Gross ber. tons. Sanford Parker, or Spencer, Nebr., to be receiver of public moneys at O'Neill, Nebr., vice D. Clem Deaver, term expired. Hartlepool and Whitby------··---- Stea~. ------...... 19 65,570 Do .. __ ... ______•. ---- ______.·-- Sail------REGISTERS OF LAND OFFICE. Stephen J. Weekes, of Nebraska, to be register of the land Total .... -- ..... ----·------.•.• ____ 19 65,570 office at O'Neill, Nebr., his term having expired January 22, Middlesboro and Stockton ...... Steam...... 22 84.,220 1906. (Reappointment.) Do ...... -- .. -- ...... ------Sail --·-.....• ---· ____ ----.•••• ----- __ ..• Luke M. Bates, of Long Pine, Nebr., to be register of the land Total ______-----········-········-· 22 84.,220 office at Valentine, Nebr., vice James C. Pettijohn, removed. Newcastle------Steam ...••....•••.... =='1=7=!==253==105=. PROMOTIONS IN THE AlUIY. Do·------·--·------Sail-----·------3 '810 Artillery .aorps. Total ...... ----.----- ______------·· ..••...•.... 80 253,915 First Lieut. Henry H. Sheen, Artillery Corps, to be captain from January 29, 1906, vice Newbill, detailed as commis ary. Second Lieut. Claude E. Brigham, Artillery Corps, to be first lieutenant from .January 29, 1906, vice Sheen, promoted. Total .... ______...••...•• ____ ...... --····--..•.•... 61 169,835 APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. Grand totaL ______Steam ..•..••••••••... 346 1,273,450 General officers. Do .. ------·------____ Sail ----...•.. ---- ___ _ 11 3,150 Maj. Gen. John C. Bates, United States Army, to be lieuten Total .... -----· __ .....•.. ------••...•••...••••... 357 1,276,600 ant-general from February 1, 1906, vice Chaffee, retired from active service. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR, - BUREAU OF NAVIGATION, Brig. Gen. Adolphus W. Greely, Chief Signal Officer, to be Washinoto1~, Jarw.ary !9, 1906. major-general, vice Bates, to be appointed lieutenant-general. Hon. BOIES PENROSE, Signal Oorps. United States Senate. · Sm: Complying with the request, by telephone, this afternoon o! your Col. James Allen, Signal Corps, to be Chief Signal Officer with private secretary in regard to two ;Japanese steamers, I inclose copy o! the rank of brigadier-general for a period of four years, vice the consul's report referring to. the matter which, I think, you have in mind. • Greely, to be appointed major-general. Respectfully, E. T. CHAMBERLAIN, Commissioner. POSTMASTERS. CONSULATE OF THE UNITED STATES, ARIZONA, Nagasaki, Japan, June 15, 1905. Hon. FRANCIS B. LoOMIS, George McC. Allison to be postmaster at Globe, in the county Assistant Secretary of State, Washin,gton, D. 0. of Gila and Territory of Arizona, in place of George 1\-I. Alli Sm: For your information I have to report that the Mitsu Bishi son. Incumbent's commission expired .January 21, 1906. Dockyard and Engine Works contracted on the 9th instant to build at their wot·ks at Nagasaki for the Toyo Risen Kaisha (Eastern Steam ARKANSAS. ship Company), of Tokio, to run on their Hongkong-San Francisco line, two sister passenger steamers; of 13,000 tons gross each, one to be Albert B. Andrews to be postmaster at Harrison, in the county be delivered in thirty months and the second in thirty-six. of Boone and State of Arkansas, in place of Albert B. Andrews. These vessels are to have a length between perpendiculars of 550 feet, Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. a breadth of 63 feet, and a depth to the upper deck of 38 feet 6 inches. John W. Bell to be postmaster at Greenwood, in the county ~'bey will be built to Lloyds' 100 Al and in accordance with the rules of the ;Japanese department of communications as well as the American of Sebastian and State of Arkansas. Office became Presiden Passenger Boat Regulations. They will have a speed o! 19~ knots. tial January 1, 1906. I am, sir, your obedient servant, A. C. Curtis to be postmaster at Lonoke, in the county ot CHARLES B. HARRIS, Oonsul. Lonoke and State of Arkansas, in place of John A. Brouse. PROPOSED CONSIDERATION OF PENSION BILLS. Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. Mr. McCUl\lBER. I ask unanimous consent at this time to Jack Grayson to be postmaster at Prescott, in the county of take up the unobjected cases on the Pension Calendar. Nevada and State of Arkansas, in place of Jack Grayson. In Mr. GALLINGER. I exceedingly regret that I can not give cumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. consent. I hare been endeavoring for two days to get consid David R. Hammer to be postmaster at Siloam Springs, in the eration in executive session for an important matter, and I county of Benton and State of Arkansas, in place of David R. have said to Senators that I would move to go into executive Hammer. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. se sion as soon as the Senator from Pennsylvania concluded. .John 0. May to be postmaster at Booneville, in the county of Mr. McCUMBER. I suggest to the Senator that it is now Logan and State of Arkansas. Office became Presidential Jan only 5 minutes after 4 o'clock. We can probably get through uary 1, 1906. the executi\e business in half an hour,' and then, if the Sena 0. D. Sanborn to be postmaster. at Blytheville, in the county tor has no objection, the Senate could resume its legislative of Mississippi and State of Arkansas, in place of James H. Ed se sion. wards, removed. 1\Ir. GALLINGER. I will quite agree to that. John N. Sarber, jr., to be postmaster at Clarksville, in the Mr. McCUMBER. I hope that course may be agreeable to county of .Johnson and State of Arkansas, in place of John N. the Senate. Sarber, jr. Incumbent's commission expiJ:ed .January 16, 1006. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Henry 1\1. Sugg to be postmaster at Dardanelle, in the county Mr. GALLINGER. I move that the Senate proceed to the of Yell and State of Arkanas, in place of Henry M. Sugg. In consideration of executive business. cumbent's commission expired January 16, 1006. · The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the CALIFOR~IA. con ideration of executive business. After forty minutes spent J. W. Duckworth to be postmaster at Anaheim, in the county in executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 4 o'clock of Orange and State of California, in place of Sheldon Little and 45 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, field. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. Friday, February 2, 1906, at 12 o'clock meridian. COLORADO. John Alfred to be postmaster at Leadville, in the county of NO~HNATIONS. Lake and State of ·Colorado, in place of John Alfred. In Ea:ec-ut-ive n J. Henry Roraback to be postmaster at Canaan, in the county KANSAS. of Litchfield and State o0f Connecticut, in place of J . Henry Joseph W. A. Cooke to be postmaster at Ellinwood, in the Roraback. Incumbent's commission expired January 29, 1906. county of Barton and State of Kansas, in place of Joseph W. A. GEORGrA. Cooke. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. Julia Fleming to be postmaster at Sparta, in the county of KENTUCKY. Hancock and State of Georgia, in place of Julia Fleming. In Cam B. McPherson to be postmaster at Horse Cave, in the cumbent's commission expired January 13, 1906. county of Hart and State of Kentucky, in place of Eugene W. IDAHO. Veluzat, resigned. Francis M. Winters to be postmaster at Montpelier, in the MAINE. county of Bear Lake and State of Idaho, in place of John L. George w. Goulding to be postmaster at Oakland, in the Underwood. Incumbent's commission expired January 31, 1906. county of Kennebec and State of Maine, in place of George W. ILLDWIS. Goulding. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. Henry Brueggemann to be postmaster at Alton, in the county MA.RYLAND. of Madison and State of Illinois, in place of Wilbur T. Norton. James P. B. Veirs to be postmaster at Rockville, in the county Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. of Montgomery and. State of Maryland, in place of James P. B. , W. E. Eastman to be postmaster at Moline, in the -county of Veil-s. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. ·Rock Island and State of Illinois, in place of George H. McKin M.A.SSACHUSETTS. : ley. Incumbent's commission expired January 9, 1906. James A. Eldridge to be postmaster at Williamstown, in the 1 Thomas G. Lawler to be postmaster at Rockford, in the county county of Berkshire and .State of Massachusetts, in place of :of Winnebago and State of Illinois, in place of Thomas G. Law James A. Eldridge. Incumbent's commission expired Januai'Y _ler. Incumbent's commission expires February 5, 1906. 16, 1906. i H. A. J. McDonald to be postmaster at Rock Island, in the Merton Z. Woodward to be postmaster at Shelburne Falls, in county of Rock Island and State of Illinois, in place of Thomas the county of Franklin. and State of Massachusetts, in place of H . Thomas. Incumbent's commission expired January 9, 1906. Merton Z. Woodward. Incumbent's commiss>pn exph·ed Janu- INDIANA. ary 16, 1906. · James F. Crawford to be postmaster at Farmersburg, in the MICHIGAN. · county of Sullivan and State of Indiana. Office became Presi Byron II. Colburn to be postmaster at LawJ .ence, in the county dential January 1, 1906. - of Van Buren and State of Michigan, in place of John F. Bar John W. Cronk to be postmaster at Veedersburg, in the county rows. Incumbent's commission expires February 7, 1006. .of Fountain and State of Indiana, in place of William R. Mal Melvin A. Bates to be postmaster at Grayling, in the county lory. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. of Crawford and State of 1\fichigan, in place of Melvin. A. Frank Duffendach to be postmaster at Huntingburg, in the Bates. Incumbent's commission expires' February 7, 1906. county of Dubois and State of Indiana, in place of John W. Julius 0. Becraft to be postmaster at Dowagiac, in the county Lewis. Incun1bent's commission expired January 9, 1!)06. of Cass and Stat e of J\llichigan, in place of Julius 0 . Becraft. Charles JJ,ricke to be postmaster at Tell City, in the county of Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Perry and State of Indiana, in place of Fred J. Herrmann. In James A. Button ro be postmaster at Flint, in the county of cumbent's commission expired December 12, 1905. Genesee and State of Michigan, in place of .Tames A. Button: J es ~e E. II:lddon to be postmaster at Dana, in the county of Incumbent's cornmision expired January 20, 1906. Vern1ilion and State of Indiana, in place of Peter Aikman. In Henry A. Gra-ves to be postmaster at Quincy, in the county eumbent's commis-sion expired December 12, 1905. of Branch and State of Michigan, in place of Francis E. Marsh, John R. Lancaster to be postmaster at Jeffersonville, in the jr. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. county of Clarl>: and State of Indiana, in place of Newton H. Milo B. Hal1iwill to be postmaster at Flushing, in the county l\Ieyers. Incumbent's commission expired January 13, 1906. of G'enesee and State of Michigan, in place of Milo B. Halliwill. Harry C. l\Iartin to be postmaster at Attica, in the county of Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Fountain and State of Indiana., in place of· Albert S. Peacock. James G. Hayden to be postmaster at Cassopolis, in the county Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. of Cass and State of Michigan, in place of Allen N. Armstrong. Lewis Miller to be postmaster at Thorntown, in the county of Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1!)06. · Boone and State of Indiana, in place of Robert S. Potts. In John D. :Mangum to be postmaster at :Marquette, in the county cumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. of Marquette and State of Michigan, in place of John D. 1\fa.n John H. Spencer to be postmaster at Rockville, in the county gum. Incumbent's commission exph·es February 7, 1906. of Parke and State of Indiana, in place of Isaac L. Wimmer. Incumbent's commission expired January 9, 1906. MINNESOTA. Charles C. Eastman to be postmaster at Wadena, in the I ·oiAN TERRITORY. county of Wadena and State of l\finnesota, in place of Charles Art Asbell to be postmaster at Checotah, in District Ten, C. Eastman. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. Indian Ter~itory, in place of Art Asbell. _ Incumbent's commis Edward F. Joubert to be postmaster at Wheaton, in the sion expired January 21, 1906. county of Traverse and State of Minnesota, in place of Edward Nelson L. Eggleston to be postmaster at Minco, in District F. Joubert. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Nineteen, Indian Territory. Office became Presidential January Caspar F . Schonlau to be postmaster at Houston, in the 1, 1906. IOWA. county of Houston and State of Minnesota. Office became Presi dential January 1, 1906. B. E. Allen to be postmaster at Laurens, in the county of Pocahontas and State of Iowa, in place of William F. Atkinson. James H. Smullen to be postmaster at Lesueur Center, in the Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. county of Lesueur and State of Minnesota. Office became Presi Charles L. Early to be postmaster at Sac City, in the county dential January 1, 1906. of Sac and State of Iowa, in place of James W. Wilson. In George M. Young to be postmaster at Perham, in the county of cumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Ottertail and State of Minnesota, in place of George l\1. Young. Francis A. Lewis to be postmaster at Marcus, in the county Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. of Cherokee and State of Iowa, in place of Francis A. Lewis. !I.DSSOURI. Incumbent's commission expired Janu!lry 21, 1906. William T. Clements to be postmaster at Platte City, in the George H. Loring to· be postmaster at Dallas Center, in the county of Platte and State of Missouri, in place of " Tilliam T. county of Dallas and State of Iowa, in place of George H. Lor Clements. Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1!)06.. ing. Incumbent's commission expired January 31, 1906. Simon P. Loebe to be postmaster at Charleston, in the county Lewis H. Mayne to be postmaster at EmmetsbUI'g, in the of Mississippi and State of Missouri, in place of Simon P. Loebe. county of Palo Alto and State of Iowa, in place of Lewis H. Incumbent's commission expires :B,ebruary 10, 1906. Mayne. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. Luther J\I.cGehee to be postmaster at Joplin, in the county of Fred C. l\IcCall to be postmaster at Nevada, in the county of Jasper and State of Missouri, in place of Luthe-r :McGehee. In Story and State of Iowa, in place of Fred C. McCall. Incum cumbent'& commission expires May 27, 1906. bent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Henry C. Shubert to be postmaster at Richland, in the county Harold E. Scott to be postmaster at Sibley, in the county of of Pulaski and State of Missouri. Office became Presidential Osceola and State of Iowa, in place of Albert Romey. Incum January 1, 1906. bent's commission expired January 28, 1906. Thomas J . Ulen to be postmaster at Dexter, in the county of Kate C. Warner to be postmaster at Dayton, in the county of Stoddard and State of Missouri, iri place of Thomas J~ Ulen, Webster and State of Iowa, in place of Kate C. Warner. Incum Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. bent's commission expired January 21, 1906. VInson T. Williams to be pos~aster at Stanberryt in the 1886· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE. FEBRUARY 1,· county of Gentry and State of Missouri, in place of Vinson T. of Scioto and State of Ohio, in place of Philo S. Clark. In Williams. Incum~ent's commission expired January 22, 1906. cumbent's commission expires February 13, 1906. MONTANA. Isaac N. Medford to be postmaster at Fort Recovery, in the James H. Powell to be postmaster at Virginia City, in the county of Mercer and State of Ohio, in place of Isaac ·N. Med county of Madison and State of Montana, in place of James H. ford. Incumbent's commission expired January 13, 1906. Powell. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Edwin Morgan to be postmaster at Alliance, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, in place of Benjamin F. Trescott. In NEBRASKA. cumbent's commission expired January 16, 190(). Timothy B. Calnon to be postmaster at Lyons, in the county John N. Snoots to be postmaster at Roseville, in the county of of Burt and State of Nebraska, in place of Timothy B. Calnon. Muskingum and State of Ohio, in place of Thomas N. Sowers. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1906. Incumbent's commission expired January 13, 1906. Chess Chinn to be postmaster at St. Paul, in the county of George L. Stoughton to be postmaster at Westerville, in the Howard and State of Nebraska, in place of Richard C. Perkins. county of Franklin and State of Ohid, in place of George L. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. Stoughton. Incumbent's commission expires February 20, lDOG. Sanford D. Cole to be postmaster at Wymore, in the county George R. Vincent to be postmaster at Hiram, in the county of Gage and State of Nebraska, in place of Sanford D. Cole. of Portage n.nd State of Ohio, in place of George R. Vincent. Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. Henry Gietzen to be postmaster at Humphrey, in the county Chester R. P. Waltz to be postmaster at Delta, in the county of Platte and State of Nebraska, in place of Henry Gietzen. of Fulton and State of Ohio, in place of Chester R. P. Waltz. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 1006. Incumbent's commission expires February 13, 1906. Lewis M. · Short to be postmaster at Ainsworth, in the county Fred Yeager to be postmaster at Perrysburg, in the cotmty of of Brown and State of Nebraska, in place of Lewis M. Short. Wood and State of Ohio, in place of Fred Yeager. Incumbent's Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. commission expires February 13, 1906. NEVADA. OREGON. Ephriam D. Turner to be postmaster at Delamar, in the 0. A. Wolverton to be postmaster at Monmouth, in the county county of Lincoln and State of Nevada. Office became Presi- of Polk and State of Oregon, in place of Frank Lucas, resigned. dential January 1, 1906. PENNSYL>ANJA. NEW HAHPSHIRE. Eliza Kirkpatrick to be postmaster at Spangler, in the county Charles E. Marsh to be postmaster at Greenville, in the of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania. Office became Presiden county of Hillsboro and State of New Hampshire. Office be tial January 1, 1906. came Presidential January 1, 1906. Daniel S. Knox to be postmaster at Tionesta, in the county of NEW JERSEY. Forest and State· of Pennsylvania, in place of Daniel S. Knox. George L. Clarke to be postmaster at Morristown, in the Incumbent's commission expires February 17, 1906. county of Morris and State of New Jersey, in place of George David L. Laughery to be postmaster at Vanderbilt, in the L. Clarke. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. county of Fayette and State of Pennsylvania. Office became Nathaniel H. Furman to be postmaster at Lawrenceville, in Presidential January 1, 1906. the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey. Office became Charles M. McDanel to be postmaster at New Brighton, in the Presidential January 1, 1906. county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania,·in place of Charles Richard F. Goodman to be postmaster at Newton, in the M. McDanel. Incumbent's commission e:x:pired January 20, county of Sussex and State of New Jersey, in place of Richard 1906. F. Goodman. Incumbent's commission expired January 30,1906. Charles W. Zook to be postmaster at Roaring Spring, in the George M. MacDonald to be postmaster at Springfield, in the county of Blair and State of Pennsylvania, in place of Charles county of Union and State of New Jersey, in place of George W. Zook. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 190G. M. MacDonald. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, RHODE ISLAND. 1006. Moise Meunier to be postmaster at Arctic, in the county of· NEW MEXICO. Kent and State of Rhode Island, in place of Moise Meunier. Luther M. Shely to be postmaster at Santa Rosa, in the county Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. of Guadalupe and Territory of New Mexico. Office became SOUTH CAROLINA. Presidential January 1, 1906. Joshua F. Ensor to be postmaster at Columbia, in the county NEW YORK. of Richland and State of South Carolina, in place of Joshua 1F. Fred M. Askins to be postmaster at Schaghticoke, in the county Ensor. Incumbent's commission expired January 16, 1906. of Rensselaer and State of New York, in place of Fred M. William F. Rice to be postmaster at Denmark, in the county Askins. Incumbent's commission expires February 5, 1906. of Bamberg and State of South Carolina. Office became Presi Henry A. France to be postmaster at Far Rockaway, in the dential January 1, 1906. county of Queens and State of New York, in place of Henry. SOUTH DAKOTA. A. France. Incumbent's commission expired January 23, 1906. Frederic J. Brown to be postmaster at Britton, in the county George H. Hubbs to be postmaster at Central Islip, in the of Marshall and State of South Dakota, in place o! Frederic J. county of Suffolk and State of New York. Office became Presi Brown. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 190G. dential JaiUJary 1, .1906. Charles E. Johnson to be postmaster at Bridgewater, in the Charles W. Penny to be postmaster at Patterson, In the county county of McCook and State of South Dakota, in place of of Putnam and State of New York, in place of Charles W. Charles E. Johnson. Incumbent's commission expires February Penny. Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. 13, 1906. Fred M. Woolley to be postmaster at Boonville, In the county William C. Mathieson to be postmaster at Fort Pierre, in the of Oneida and State of New York, in place of Eugene N. Hayes. county of Stanley and State of South Dakota. Office became Incumbent's commission expires February 10, 1906. Presidential October 1, 1905. Walter McKay to be postmaster at Lead, in the county of NORTH CAROLINA. Lawrence and State of South Dakota, in place of Walter Stella S. Britt to be postmaster at Franklinton, in the county McKay. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, 190G. of Franklin and State of North Carolina. Office became Presi John C. McMillan to be postmaster at Sturgis, in the county dential January 1, 1906. of Meade and State of South Dakota, in place of John C. NORTH D.\KOTA. McMillan. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 1906. Thomas H. Thoralson to be postmaster at Grafton, in the Addison H. Pease to be postmaster at Wagner, in the county county of Walsh and State of North Dakota, in place of Thomas of Charles Mix and State of South Dakota. Office became Presi H. Thoralson. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, dential January 1, 1906. 1906. ' Charles J. Porter to be postmaster at Madison, in the county of Percy R. Trubshaw to be postmaster at Cooperstown, in the Lake and State of South Dakota, in place of Frank L. Mease. county of Griggs and State of North Dakota, in place of Percy Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 190G. R. Trubshaw. Incumbent's commission expired January 20, John A. Stanley to be postmaster at Hot Springs, in the county 1906. of Fall River and State of South Dakota, in place of John A. OHIO. .Stanley. Incumbent's commission expired January 21, 190(). Thomas E. Frisbee to be postmaster at Prairie Depot, in the TENNESSEE. eounty of Wood and State of Ohio, in the place of George E. Giles Rives to be postmaster at Brownsville, in the county of Reed, resigned. Haywood and State of Tennessee, in place of Giles Rives. In Charles E. Hard to be postmaster at Portsmouth, in the county cumbent's commission expires February 7, 1906. · 1906. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. · 1887 TEXAS. . HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Frank C. Blaine to be postmaster at Del Rio, in the county of Valverde and State of Texas, in place of Hem·y D. Bonnett, THURSDAY, Feb1o.uary 1, 1906. remove