Tropical Medicine and International Health volume 20 suppl 1 pp 171–441 september 2015 ECTMIH2015 Poster Sessions PS1 Poster session I PS1.002 Asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among school PS1.001 children in Pawe District, Northwest Ethiopia Predictors of late diagnosis of HIV among HIV positive H. B. Beyene and N. F. Telele adults coming for initial CD4 T-cell count to public health Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, facilities, Northern Ethiopia Addis Ababa, Ethiopia M. B. Beyene1 and H. B. Beyene2 1Epidemiology and Biostastistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Introduction A wide scale implementation of malaria Ethiopia; 2Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa control activities in recent years has resulted in a decline of University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia malaria transmission, morbidity and mortality in many African Introduction countries. Ethiopia’s plan is now to eliminate malaria from Early HIV testing and timely initiation of ART selected endemic areas by 2020. Asymptomatic carriage in decrease mortality and morbidity due to HIV AIDS and endemic areas would pose a significant challenge for malaria improves the quality of life of of people living with HIV. Despite elimination program. Therefore, the objective of this study was an increased access to HIV/AIDS testing and treatment services to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and late diagnosis is still a problem. Having identified a higher rates associated risk factors among children in Pawe Town, northwest of Late HIV diagnosis, this study was aimed to determine Ethiopia. determinants of late diagnosis of HIV among adult HIV patients Methods and Materials A cross-sectional study was presenting to Bahir Dar Felege Hiwot Referal Hospital in Bahir conducted from January to March 2011. A proportionate Dar, Northern Ethiopia. Methods systematic random sampling technique was used. A Pretested An institution-based unmatched case-control study questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data. was conducted between January 2010 to December 2011 at Capillary blood was then collected from each child. Thick and Bahir Dar Referral Hospital. A risk set sampling in (1:1) ratio thin blood films were prepared and stained with Giemsa was used to select a sample of 534 clients (267 cases and 267 solution. Diagnosis of malaria and quantification was made by controls). Cases were adult people living with HIV/AIDS whose microscopic examinations. Data were entered and analyzed using < l initial CD4 T cell count was 200/ l of blood. Controls were SPSS 20.0 software. Bivariate and Multiple logistic regression > l those with a CD4 T cell count of 200/ l. Trained staff nurses were employed for assessing associated risk factor. A P- were involved in data collection using a semi-structured value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. questionnaire. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Results A total of 406 school children were included in this version 20. Descriptive statistics and Binary logistic regression study. A 182 (45%) were females and 224 (55%) were males. were performed. Results The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria among children was A total of 267 cases and 267 controls were studied. 22/406 (5.3%). Of this 19/22 (86%) had low parasite count. = Subjects who hold a certificate and above (AOR 0.26; 95% Plasmodium falciparum infection accounted for 15 (68%) of all CI = 0.13–0.54), being initiated by friends, families and other – = = – positive cases. The prevalence of malaria among 6 15 year-old socials to undertake HIV testing (AOR 0.65; 95% CI 0.29 children was higher than that among those who were older than 1.48), who reported a medium and high knowledge score about 15 years (P = 0.002). Grade level, age, reported recent intake of HIV/AIDS and who undertake HIV testing while visiting a clinic artemether-lumefantrine, bed net utilization, and proximity to = = – for ANC (AOR 0.40; 95% CI 0.19 0.83) were less likely to river were associated with risk of asymptomatic malaria. be diagnosed late. Subjects who undertake HIV testing due to Conclusion Asymptomatic malaria carriage rate was high providers’ initiation (AOR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.08–2.68), who = among the studied population. Individuals with asymptomatic reported a medium internalized stigma (AOR 4.94; 95% parasitemia are likely to be most responsible for the ongoing CI = 3.13, 7.80) and who reported a high internalized stigma = = – transmission of malaria, because they do not receive treatment score towards HIV/AIDS (AOR 16.64; 95% CI 8.29 33.4) and can continue producing gametocytes for a long time. Indeed, had a high odds of being diagnosed late compared to their to control malaria, all infections must be treated. counterparts. Disclosure Nothing to disclose. Conclusion Level of education, reason for undertaking HIV testing, knowledge about HIV/AIDS and internalized stigma were significantly associated factors with late diagnosis of HIV. Hence, education about HIV/AIDS particularly towards Testing and ART should be a priority. People should be taught to encouraged and motivate their social mates to undertake HIV testing timely. Organizations working on HIV/AIDS should pay attention to minimizing stigma on HIV/AIDS. Keywords Predictors, Late diagnosis, HIV/AIDS, Northern Ethiopia. Disclosure We authors declare that we have no conflict of interest. © 2015 The Authors Tropical Medicine and International Health © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 20 (Suppl. 1), 171–441 171 Tropical Medicine and International Health volume 20 suppl 1 pp 171–441 september 2015 Abstracts of the 9th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health PS1.003 Methods A case-control study was conducted from February Prevalence and clinical features of cutaneous leishmanisis in to July 2013 at the National Pediatric Hospital among HIV-1 Western Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study infected children (aged 1–15 years) receiving ART based on H. B. Beyene1 and M. D. Degifie2 second-line (cases) or first-line (matched controls at a ratio of 1Microbiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Public 1:3) regimens. Children were included if a HIV-1 RNA plasma Health, Wollega University, Nekemete, Ethiopia viral load (VL) result was available within the preceding 12 months. A standardized questionnaire explored family Introduction Cutaneous leishmanisis (CL) is a skin diseases sociodemographics, HIV history, and adherence to ART. caused by Leishmania parasites and vectored by sandflies. It has Associations between VF (HIV-1 RNA levels ≥ 1000 copies/ml) been the cause of disfiguring for a significant number of and the children’s characteristics were measured using bivariate populations in rural areas. The main aim of this study was to and multivariate analyses. determine the prevalence of CL and its clinical features among Results A total of 232 children, 175 (75.4%) on first-line and permanent residents of Dembidolo district, Western Ethiopia. 57 (24.6%) on second-line line ART for a median of 72.0 (IQR: Methods A community based, cross sectional study was 68.0–76.0) months, were enrolled. Of them, 40.5% were double undertaken. A house-to house survey was conducted. In 487 orphans and 22.0% single orphans, and 33.2% were living in houses 3166 persons were surveyed. A structured questionnaire orphanages. 222 children (95.6%) were deemed adherent to was used to collect sociodemographic and clinical data. Clinical ART. Overall, 18 (7.7%; 95% CI: 4.6–11.9) showed a VF, 13 diagnosis was undertaken during the survey by clinicians. Skin (7.4%; 95% CI: 4.0–12.3) on first-line and 5 (8.7%; 95% CI: slit samples were then collected from each subject for 2.9–19.2) on second-line ART (P = 0.7). The majority (55.6%) confirmation. Thick and thin skin smears were prepared. The were on WHO Stage II and median CD4 percentage was 8% diagnosis of CL was established by finding amastigote stage in (IQR: 2.9–12.9) at initiation of ART. Second-line children were skin sample. older, more often double orphans, and had lower CD4 cells Results In 487 houses a total of 3166 persons were surveyed count at the last control. of whom 1670 (52.4%) were females and 1505 (47.6%) were In multivariate analysis, having the last CD4 count below males. The overall prevalence of CL in the communities was 15% was the only factor associated with VF for ART regimen 132/3166 (4.2%). More than 80% of CL infected patients were separately or when combined (OR: 51.8; 95% CI: 14.8–180). children. Skin ulcers were found on facial sites in 72 (54.5%) of Conclusion VF among first and second-line ART children subjects. In 45 (34.6%) of cases the lesions appeared on the requires improved adherence evaluation as well as intensified upper extremities. The ulcers were non-itchy in 24 (61.5%) of monitoring of children with low CD4 counts. cases and were not painful in 20 (54%) of cases. Lesions 4– Disclosure Nothing to disclose. 10 months old had a maximum yield of LD bodies. Sleeping outdoors at least once a week was associated with CL (P = 0.001). Being younger than 24 years was also associated with CL (P = 0.03). Conclusion PS1.005 Based on this study it is concluded that CL is Body fat maldistribution among human immunodeficiency posted as a public health problem in Western Ethiopia virus-infected patients attending care and treatment clinics particularly among young children. In order to reduce the in Dar Es Salaam municipal hospitals prevalence of CL in such remote rural villages, Community M. A. Njelekela1,2, R. Mpembeni3, N. Ulenga4, E. Aris4 and F. Mugusi5 Health Workers/CHW should be trained in identification of skin 1 problems, as the people in remote rural settings do not have Physiology, Muhimbili University Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; 2The Bernard Lown Scholars in CVD Health access to dermatologists.