Responses on Firearms Seizures and Trafficking Fir E 4 A
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UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna COUNTRY FACT SHEETS SUMMARY DATA FROM COUNTRY RESPONSES ON FIREARMS SEIZURES AND TRAFFICKING FIR E 4 A 1 R 0 M M M 2 2 2 S S S M M M P P P R R R R R R M M M O O O O O O A A A A A A R R R R R R G G G G G COUNTRYG FACT SHEETS Copyright 2015 © United Nations Offi ce on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) DISCLAIMERS Data on Tables related to “Off ences” and “International Cooperation” may vary from 1 to 5. Where means 1= “the country that cooperated the most with the reporting government” and 5= “the country that cooperated the least with the reporting government”. Th e present Study was partially funded by the European Union and by Japan through their contributions to the Global Firearms Programme. CONTENTS ARGENTINA 1 BRAZIL 3 BURKINA FASO 9 CHILE 11 COLOMBIA 14 COSTA RICA 16 CZECH REPUBLIC 18 DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 22 ECUADOR 24 EL SALVADOR 29 ESTONIA 33 FINLAND 37 FRANCE 40 GERMANY 41 GHANA 44 GREECE 48 GUATEMALA 50 IRAQ 55 KENYA 56 KUWAIT 58 LATVIA 59 LITHUANIA 62 MEXICO 65 MONTENEGRO 69 NIGER 73 PANAMA 75 PERU 76 POLAND 79 ROMANIA 80 RUSSIAN FEDERATION 85 SAUDI ARABIA 85 SERBIA 87 SPAIN 88 SWEDEN 91 THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 93 TOGO 98 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 99 TURKEY 104 URUGUAY 107 FIR E 4 A 1 R 0 M M M 2 2 2 S S S M M M P P P R R R R R R M M M O O O O O O A A A A A A R R R R R R G G G G G COUNTRYG FACT SHEETS ARGENTINA Overview of seizures Total seizures Table 1 Total annual seizures (fi rearms, their parts and components and ammunition) Country Category 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Ammunition - - - - - - - - - - - Firearms 4 499 2 013 18 421 7 235 2 501 4 077 1 872 2 502 9 568 4 218 1 501 Argentina Parts and 5 28 187 49 2 4 2 4 7 - - components * Data from 2004 to 2014 provided by RENAR. Firearms seizures by types Table 2 Firearms seizures by type (in alphabetical order) Firearms type 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Combination gun - - 2 - - - - - 1 3 - Machine gun - - 31 1 1 - 1 - 1 - - Other - - - - - 2 - - 2 - - Pistol 671 536 4 211 1 394 772 793 456 704 2 671 1 517 580 Revolver 3 296 1 060 11 001 4 445 1 022 1 972 787 1 288 4 845 1 519 549 Rifl e 236 218 1 674 734 404 613 296 249 1 018 696 206 Rudimentary arms - 5 1 8 - - - - - - - Short shotgun 58 23 183 79 22 47 20 24 78 32 10 Shotgun 236 169 1 280 573 275 645 311 234 943 449 155 Sub-machine gun 2 2 38 1 5 5 1 3 9 2 1 Unspecifi ed - - - - - - - - - - - 1 FIR E 4 A 1 R 0 M M M 2 2 2 S S S M M M P P P R R R R R R M M M O O O O O O A A A A A A R R R R R R G G G G G COUNTRYG FACT SHEETS 5000 2010 2011 2013 4000 2012 2013 11% 3000 1% Combination gun 36% Pistol 16% 2000 Revolver R i fl e 1000 Short shotgun Shotgun Sub-machine gun 0 36% Pistol R i fl e Revolver Shotgun Short shotgun Table 3 Origin of seized fi rearms, 2010-2013 Country Origin of seized fi rearms 2010 2011 2012 2013 (% and absolute fi gures) Not registered - - Registered in another country - 20 Argentina Registered in country - 80 Unknown - - Country responses Qualitative responses: • Firearms traffi cking in Argentina is not of a transnational nature. Most fi rearms seized in the country are manufactured in Argentina and diverted from the licit market into the illicit market. Only a small number of seized fi rearms were imported, which also had a licit origin. Most fi rearms seized were manufactured a long time ago. • Previously, fi rearms for civilian use (calibers .22; .32; .38 ; .12 UAB) were of easy access and Argentina used to be a relevant manufacture country. • Many illegal fi rearms were diverted from licit sources due to low transfers controls as well as deviation from Police enforcement agencies as well as theft and lost from careless heirs. * Note on qualitative responses Country responses were edited exclusively for English spelling and grammar. Th e orignal country response was submitted in another UN language and unoffi cially translated by UNODC. 2 BRAZIL Overview of seizures Total seizures Table 1 Total annual seizures (fi rearms, their parts and components and ammunition) Country Category 2010 2011 2012 2013 Ammunition 203 718 62 912 Brazil Firearms 39 467 13 048 Parts and components - - * Data from Brazilian Federal Police Firearms seizures by types Table 2 Firearms seizures by type (in alphabetical order) Firearms type 2010-2012 2013 Combination gun 0 5 Machine gun 177 45 Other 1 - Pistol 9 483 3 073 Revolver 24 062 7 888 Rifl e 1 160 413 Rudimentary arms 11 3 Short shotgun 705 28 Shotgun 3 748 1 562 Sub-machine gun 120 31 Unspecifi ed 0 - 25000 2010 - 2012 2013 20000 2013 15000 24% 12% Machine gun 3% Pistol 10000 Revolver R i fl e 5000 Short shotgun Shotgun 0 Sub-machine gun 61% R i fl e Pistol Revolver Shotgun Machine gun Short shotgun Sub-machine gun Rudimentary arms 3 FIR E 4 A 1 R 0 M M M 2 2 2 S S S M M M P P P R R R R R R M M M O O O O O O A A A A A A R R R R R R G G G G G COUNTRYG FACT SHEETS Most frequently seized make of fi rearm Table 3 Most frequently seized make of fi rearm Country Category 2010 2011 2012 2013 Boito 2.0 2.2 CBC 2.9 3.5 Brazil Not identifi ed 4.4 3.6 Rossi 17.5 17.9 Taurus 57.7 58.0 Table 4 Origin of seized fi rearms, 2010-2013 Country Origin of seized fi rearms 2010 2011 2012 2013 (% and absolute fi gures) Not registered - - Registered in another country 5 15 Brazil Registered in country 80 82 Unknown 17 3 Overview of traffi cking Routes Table 5 Top countries of manufacture of seized fi rearms, expressed expressed in per cent, 2010-2013 Country Country of manufacture Type (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 Uruguay Firearms 4.6 4.6 Argentina Firearms 1.3 - Austria Firearms 0.7 0.9 Brazil Brazil Firearms 87.7 86.7 Italy Firearms 1.1 1.1 Not Informed Firearms - 3.3 Table 6 Top countries of manufacture, of ammunition, 2010-2013 Country Country of manufacture Type (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 Brazil Ammunition x - China Ammunition x - Brazil Mexico Ammunition x - Russian Federation Ammunition x - United States Ammunition x - 4 Table 7 Top countries of destination of seized firearms and ammunition, expressed in per cent, 2010-2013 Country Country of destination Type (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 Ammunition 100 100 Brazil Brazil Firearms 100 100 Table 8 Top countries of departure of seized firearms and ammunition, 2010-2013 Country Country of departure Type (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 Uruguay Firearms x - Argentina Firearms x - Plurinational State of Bolivia Firearms x - Brazil Ammunition x - China Ammunition x - Brazil Mexico Ammunition x - Paraguay Firearms x - Russian Federation Ammunition x - Ammunition x - United States Firearms x - International cooperation in tracing Table 9 International cooperation in tracing, 2010-2013 Country Cooperation Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 requests Argentina 3 4 Countries to Austria 4 3 which your Eastern European countries 5 5 country has sent tracing requests Paraguay 2 2 United States 1 1 Argentina (INTERPOL) 2 2 Brazil Austria (INTERPOL) 3 3 Countries which Paraguay 4 - have cooperated Paraguay (INTERPOL) - 4 with your country Uruguay 5 - Uruguay (INTERPOL) - 5 United States 1 1 5 FIR E 4 A 1 R 0 M M M 2 2 2 S S S M M M P P P R R R R R R M M M O O O O O O A A A A A A R R R R R R G G G G G COUNTRYG FACT SHEETS Mode of transportation Table 10 Transportation mode, fi rearms and ammunition, 2010-2013 Country Mode Type (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 Ammunition 100 100 Brazil Land Firearms 100 100 Traffi ckers Table 11 Nationality of identifi ed traffi ckers, 2010-2013 Country Nationality (%) 2010 2011 2012 2013 Argentinian 1.0 1.0 Bolivian 2.0 2.0 Brazilian 90.0 90.0 Brazil Colombian 0. 0.5 Paraguayan 5.0 5.0 Uruguayan 1.0 1.0 American 0.5 5.0 Offences Table 12 Offences registered, 2010-2013 Country Off ences related to seized fi rearms 2010 2011 2012 2013 Carrying without licence 2 2 Drug traffi cking 3 3 Brazil Homicide 5 5 Participation in organized crime group 4 4 Robbery 1 1 International and regional commitments Legal instruments Status Status of accession United Nations Convention against Trans- Legally binding Ratifi ed national Organized Crime (UNTOC) Firearms Protocol Legally binding Ratifi ed Arms Trade Treaty Legally binding - Inter-American Convention Against the Legally binding Ratifi ed Illicit Manufacturing of and Traffi cking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials (CIFTA) 6 Country responses Notes on data by Brazilian federal police: • Firearms data from 2010 to 2012 were extracted from the SINARM - Sistema Nacional de Armas (Brazili- an National Firearms System) which is administrated by the federal police, and include seized firearms from federal police and 27 State polices, with a large subnotification of national seizures.