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Univerza Na Primorskem Fakulteta Za Management Magistrska Naloga Matjaž Gojkošek Ma T Ja Ž G O Jk O Še K Koper, 2018 2018 M

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Univerza Na Primorskem Fakulteta Za Management Magistrska Naloga Matjaž Gojkošek Ma T Ja Ž G O Jk O Še K Koper, 2018 2018 M UNIVERZA NA PRIMORSKEM 2018 FAKULTETA ZA MANAGEMENT MAGISTRSKA NALOGA MATJAŽ GOJKOŠEK MAGISTRSKA NALOGA MAGISTRSKA KOPER, 2018 MATJAŽ GOJKOŠEK MATJAŽ UNIVERZA NA PRIMORSKEM FAKULTETA ZA MANAGEMENT Magistrska naloga DEJAVNIKI IN POMEN PRVEGA VTISA PRI VREDNOTENJU IN IZBIRI VODILNIH KADROV Matjaž Gojkošek Koper, 2018 Mentorica: doc. dr. Ana Arzenšek POVZETEK Magistrsko delo raziskuje vlogo prvega vtisa pri vrednotenju in izbiri zaposlenih z osredotočanjem na izbor vodilnega kadra. Raziskava je podkrepljena s teoretično osnovo, predstavljeni so dejavniki tvorjenja prvega vtisa ter vloga in pomen vtisa pri vrednotenju in izboru kadra. Prav tako so teoretično predstavljene temeljne dileme upravljanja vtisa pri vrednotenju in izboru kadra. Naloga je nadgrajena z empiričnim delom na osnovi devetih polstrukturiranih individualnih intervjujih, izvedenih z lastniki, direktorji in kadrovniki v treh srednje velikih podjetjih. Izsledki raziskave kažejo, da prvi vtis nosilcev odločitev, ustvarjen le na osnovi kandidatove fotografije, lahko ključno vpliva na nadaljnji postopek vrednotenja in izbora vodilnih kadrov. Ključne besede: prvi vtis, upravljanje vtisa, zaposlovanje, izbor vodstvenega kadra, predsodki in stereotipi, zaposlitveni razgovor. SUMMARY The master thesis explores the role of the first impression in the evaluation and selection of employees by focusing on the selection of managerial staff. The research is supported with the theoretical foundation, we present the aspects and factors of the formation of the first impression, as well as the role and importance of the impressions in the evaluation and selection of personnel. Furthermore, we present the basic dilemmas of impression management in the evaluation and selection of personnel. The research is upgraded with empirical work on the basis of nine semistructured individual interviews conducted with owners, directors and human resource managers in three medium-sized companies. The results of the research show that the decision maker’s first impression formed solely on the basis of a candidate's photography can have a significant effect on the evaluation process and the selection of senior executives. Keywords: first impression, impression management, recruitment, selection of management personnel, prejudices and stereotypes, job interview. UDK: 331.36:658.3(043.2) III ZAHVALA Zahvaljujem se mentorici, doc. dr. Ani Arzenšek, za usmerjanje in strokovno pomoč pri izdelavi naloge. Zahvaljujem se vsem sodelujočim, ki so pomagali s fotografijami, ter sodelujočim intervjuvancem, ki so s svojimi odgovori pripomogli k izdelavi naloge. Prav posebna zahvala gre moji družini. V VSEBINA 1 Uvod ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Opredelitev problema in teoretična izhodišča .............................................................. 1 1.2 Namen in cilji raziskave ............................................................................................... 3 1.3 Raziskovalna vprašanja ................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Metode raziskovanja za doseganje ciljev naloge ......................................................... 4 1.5 Omejitve in predpostavke pri obravnavanju problema ................................................ 6 2 Prvi vtis ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.1 Biološki vidik prvega vtisa........................................................................................... 7 2.2 Socialno-psihološki vidik prvega vtisa ...................................................................... 10 2.3 Vpliv okolja in zunanjih dejavnikov na snovanje prvih vtisov .................................. 12 2.4 Vpliv nedavne preteklosti na snovanje prvih vtisov .................................................. 13 2.5 Vloga predsodkov in stereotipov pri snovanju prvega vtisa ...................................... 14 3 Vloga in pomen prvega vtisa pri vrednotenju in izbiri kadra ...................................... 16 3.1 Pomen predhodno ustvarjenega vtisa za nadaljnji potek zaposlitvenega procesa ..... 17 3.2 Vpliv in posledice videza kandidata na potek selekcijskega postopka ...................... 20 3.3 Vloga in pomen prvega vtisa na zaposlitvenem razgovoru ....................................... 23 3.4 Pomen oblike zaposlitvenega razgovora na zanesljivost in veljavnost sodb pri dojemanju kandidatov ................................................................................................ 24 3.5 Natančnost in veljavnost oblikovanja prvega vtisa pri vrednotenju in izbiri kadra .......................................................................................................................... 25 4 Temeljne dileme upravljanja vtisa pri vrednotenju in izboru kadra .......................... 27 4.1 Opredelitev in dileme upravljanja vtisa ..................................................................... 27 4.2 Vloga in dejavniki taktik upravljanja vtisa v selekcijskem postopku ........................ 29 4.3 Sposobnost in natančnost ljudi pri prepoznavanju prevar in laži ............................... 31 5 Raziskava dejavnikov in pomena prvega vtisa pri vrednotenju in izbiri vodilnih kadrov ................................................................................................................................ 33 5.1 Metode in tehnike raziskovanja ................................................................................. 33 5.1.1 Polstrukturirani intervju .................................................................................. 33 5.1.2 Vprašalnik za pripravo polstruktiranega intervjuja ........................................ 33 5.1.3 Triangulacija ................................................................................................... 33 5.1.4 Postopek intervjuvanja .................................................................................... 34 5.1.5 Analiza vsebine ............................................................................................... 34 5.1.6 Izbira vzorca ................................................................................................... 34 5.2 Interpretacija rezultatov analize intervjujev ............................................................... 35 5.2.1 Metode izbire vodstvenega kadra ................................................................... 35 5.2.2 Stereotipi in predsodki na osnovi fizičnih lastnosti in osebnega stila, razbranega s slike kandidata za vodstveni položaj ......................................... 36 5.2.3 Dejavniki in pomen predhodno ustvarjenega vtisa pri zaposlovanju vodstvenega kadra .......................................................................................... 50 VII 5.2.4 Vloga prvega vtisa na zaposlitvenem razgovoru pri zaposlovanju vodilnih kadrov ............................................................................................................. 53 5.3 Ugotovitve raziskave .................................................................................................. 60 5.4 Priporočila za prakso .................................................................................................. 62 5.5 Prispevek k stroki in možnosti za nadaljnje raziskovanje .......................................... 63 6 Sklep ................................................................................................................................... 64 Literatura ................................................................................................................................ 67 Priloge ...................................................................................................................................... 75 VIII SLIKE Slika 1: Starejša kandidatka (55+) ........................................................................................ 39 Slika 2: Starejši kandidat (55+) ............................................................................................. 39 Slika 3: Merljive obrazne iztočnice ...................................................................................... 40 Slika 4: Ženska s prekomerno telesno težo ........................................................................... 40 Slika 5: Moški s prekomerno telesno težo ............................................................................ 41 Slika 6: Sliki telesa ženske in moškega s prekomerno telesno težo s slik 4 in 5 .................. 41 Slika 7: Fizično privlačna ženska .......................................................................................... 42 Slika 8: Ženska povprečnega videza ..................................................................................... 42 Slika 9: Fizično privlačni moški ........................................................................................... 42 Slika 10: Moški povprečnega videza ...................................................................................... 42 Slika 11: Pobrita glava ............................................................................................................ 45 Slika 12: Dolga brada .............................................................................................................. 46 Slika 13: Obrazni uhani ........................................................................................................... 47 Slika
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