Citizen Security: Progress and Challenges UPP in Rio De Janeiro
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Citizen Security: Progress and Challenges UPP in Rio de Janeiro: game changer? . Mauricio Moura Wilson Center – Brazil Institute March, 2014 Some facts... Source: Center for Security and Citizenship Brazil is one the most violent countries in the world; 1.2 million people killed during the last 30 years; 27.1 homicides per 100,000 residents. 7th worst most violent nation; Brasilia, Belo Horizonte, Macapa, Curitiba, Goiania, Recife, Cuiaba, Sao Luis, Vitoria, Fortaleza, Manaus, Joao Pessoa and Maceio are among the top 50 most violent cities in the world (by homicide rate criteria). City of Rio de Janeiro is still a dangerous place... Source: Rio’s State Government 1,209 homicides in 2012 24 homicides per 100,000 residents in 2012 Rio de Janeiro is the home of three very dangerous/known criminal/drug-dealers organizations in the country However....UPP’s have been improving the statistics (State and City of Rio de Janeiro) Beginning of the pacification Source: Blog: http://oagenteprincipal.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/mais-upps-e-menos-mortes/ <accessed on 18/03/2014 > Homicide rates in the city of Rio de Janeiro and resident population in pacified communities 30 25 thousand per 100 per 20 deaths 15 inhabitants 10 municipality of 5 Number 0 Fatality rate Affected population Source: Blog: http://oagenteprincipal.wordpress.com/2014/03/17/mais-upps-e-menos-mortes/ <accessed on 18/03/2014 > We asked the people about the UPP’s.... Communities: (Adeus/ Baiana; Alemão; Andaraí; Babilônia/Chapéu Mangueira; Batan; Borel; Chatuba; Cidade de Deus; Coroa/Fallet/Fogueteiro; Escondidinho/Prazeres; Fazendinha; Formiga; Jacarezinho; Macacos; Mangueira/Tuiuti; Manguinhos; Nova Brasília; Parque Proletário; Pavão-Pavãozinho/Cantagalo; Providência; Rocinha; Salgueiro; Santa Marta; São Carlos; São João/Matriz/Quieto; Tabajaras/Cabritos; Turano; Vidigal e Vila Cruzeiro.) . Dates (two waves):– September 2011 and January 2013 . Number of interviews- 3,816 in 2011 and 5.200 in 2013 (3,285 in the communities and 1,915 in the surround areas) Rio de Janeiro UPP locations Morro São João Morro da Providência number of police officers Morro do Batam 200 jan/2011 number of residents 106 feb/2009 Morro do Macaco 179 feb/2011 6,000 7,000 date 45,000 215 nov/2010 27,000 Morro São Carlos 241 may/2011 17,000 Morro do Andaraí Morro dos Prazeres 214 jul/2010 206 feb/2011 Morro Turano 13,000 13,000 176 sep/2009 18,000 Morro Coroa/Fallet Cidade de Deus 206 feb/2011 13,000 344 feb/2009 45,000 Morro Babilônia / Chapéu Mangueira Morro do Salgueiro 96 jun/2009 138 sep/2010 Morro do Borel 10,000 5,000 214 jul/2010 Morro Cantagalo / 13,000 Pavão-Pavãozinho 176 dec/2009 Morro da Formiga Morro Santa Marta 13,000 102 jul/2010 112 dec/2008 Morro Tabajaras / 5,000 10,000 Cabritos Source: UPP diagnostic survey conducted by Ideia Inteligência, Endeavor and Secretary of Labor and Employment - Government 131 ofjan/2010 Rio. Source: Prefeitura Municipal e Secretaria de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro / Instituto Pereira Passos / Site UPPRJ October 2011. All Rights Reserved. 7,000 Rio de Janeiro UPP locations Fé/Sereno Vila Cruzeiro number of police officers Alemão 170 Jun/2012 300 Ago/2012 number of residents 35.740 17.170 320 Maio/2012 date 15.094 Chatuba 230 Jun/2012 10.205 Parque Proletário 220 Ago/2012 18.661 Fazendinha 314 Abr/2012 Rocinha 12.399 310 Set/2012 17.085 Adeus/Baiana Vidigal Nova Brasília 245 Maio/2012 4.354 246 Jan/2012 340 Abr/2012 10.372 28.661 Source: Prefeitura Municipal e Secretaria de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro / Instituto Pereira Passos / Site UPPRJ Rio de Janeiro UPP locations Fé/Sereno Vila Cruzeiro number of police officers Alemão 170 Jun/2012 300 Ago/2012 number of residents 35.740 17.170 320 Maio/2012 date 15.094 Chatuba 230 Jun/2012 Manguinhos 10.205 588 Jan/2013 22.937 Jacarezinho Parque Proletário 543 Jan/2013 220 Ago/2012 30.037 18.661 Fazendinha 314 Abr/2012 Rocinha 12.399 310 Set/2012 17.085 Adeus/Baiana Vidigal Nova Brasília 245 Maio/2012 4.354 246 Jan/2012 340 Abr/2012 10.372 28.661 Source: Prefeitura Municipal e Secretaria de Segurança do Rio de Janeiro / Instituto Pereira Passos / Site UPPRJ How do you feel about security/safety after the UPP installation Community (%) Jan/2013 vs Sept/2011 January 2013 September 2011 2.1 4.1 4.7 7.2 Worse 24.4 33.6 Neither better or worse 57 Better Don't Know 66.8 Public security/safety in community after the UPP installation Community (%) Jan/2013 vs Sept/2011 Don't Know Worse Neither better nor worse Better 1.5 2 3 1.3 0.81.6 4.1 4 1.7 4.7 2 1.3 4 4 3.5 9.3 2 7.5 8.7 3.5 6.3 8.7 8 5.6 4.7 4.5 5.5 6.3 11.5 10 14.9 16.1 14.5 21.2 24 46.1 30.7 28.3 44.7 30 34 43.5 37.5 89.6 83 83.5 81 80.3 80 65.3 69.2 60 62.3 61.5 52.6 53 53.9 47.8 50 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 Andaraí Babilônia/ Chapéu Batan Borel Cidade de Deus Coroa/ Fallet/ Escondidinho/ Formiga Mangueira Fogueteiro Prazeres Source: Question . P5. In your opinion, the public security in your community/neighborhood, after the UPP (Pacifying Police Unit) Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews. Public security/safety in community after the UPP installation Community (%) Jan/2013 vs Sept/2011 Don't Know Worse Neither better nor worse Better 3.6 0.7 0.7 3.6 3.3 2.2 2 3.4 4 4 2 0.7 5.5 5.3 7 7.3 6 0.7 3.3 3.5 4.5 5.3 6.4 2 9.8 3 15.3 5.5 8 6 6.4 12.6 16 16 12.5 24 40 25.9 23 25.5 32 28 25.3 27.4 40 31.6 26.1 28.5 53.3 51 44.3 78.4 80 72 70.5 64.5 67.2 61 61.3 59.7 60 60 55.6 56 58 54 41.1 43.5 33.3 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 sept/11 jan/13 Macacos Pavão- Providência Salgueiro Santa Marta São Carlos São João/ Matriz/ Tabajaras/ Turano Pavãozinho/ Quieto Cabritos Cantagalo Source: Question . P5. In your opinion, the public security in your community/neighborhood, after the UPP (Pacifying Police Unit) Base : RESIDENTS Communities: January/13 = 3.285; September/11 = 3816 interviews. Life after UPP’s installation Community and Surrounds (%) Better Neither better nor worse Worse Don’t Know Community - 55,9 35,2 6,6 2,3 Surrounds - 61,0 34,9 1,8 2,3 0.8 2.6 1.7 1 4.1 4.8 8 2.5 3.1 9.3 2.7 6.7 6.7 3.8 8.5 4.3 2.9 5.6 14.9 1.9 8.7 5.3 25 18.9 21.5 28 31.5 42.1 29.5 31.1 34.6 48.1 34.7 30.7 40 37.3 44.4 38.3 39.1 85.1 81.1 74.4 69.3 75 64.4 66.7 60 63.2 61.5 57.3 57.9 53.3 56 49.4 45.2 47.9 47.8 Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Adeus/ Baiana Alemão Andaraí Babilônia/ Batan Borel Chatuba Cidade de Deus Coroa/ Fallet/ Escondidinho/ Chapéu Fogueteiro Prazeres Mangueira Source: Question . P4. In your opinion, your life in this community, after UPP: Base RESIDENTS: Community = 3.285 interviews and Surrounds = 1.915 interviews. Life after UPP’s installation Community and Surrounds (%) Better Neither better nor worse Worse Don’t Know Community - 55,9 35,2 6,6 2,3 Surrounds - 61,0 34,9 1,8 2,3 1.3 2.7 1.4 1.3 0.7 2.8 1.3 1.3 1.4 5.3 5 5.7 7.3 3.8 4.7 3.3 6.8 1.33.9 5.3 8 13.9 10 8 22.7 10 4 20 15.1 23.3 19.7 32 46.7 50.7 36 29.9 41.9 26.7 34.7 66.7 35 64 31.3 76 72.9 78.3 75 63.3 55.3 55.6 60 48 50 50 53.3 46.7 40.7 33.3 24.7 Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Fazendinha Fé/ Sereno Formiga Jacarezinho Macacos MangueiraManguinhosNv Brasília Pq Proletário Pavão Source: Question . P4. In your opinion, your life in this community, after UPP: Base RESIDENTS: Community = 3.285 interviews and Surrounds = 1.915 interviews. Life after UPP installation Community and Surrounds (%) Better Neither better nor worse Worse Don’t Know Community - 55,9 35,2 6,6 2,3 Surrounds - 61,0 34,9 1,8 2,3 0.8 1 1.3 1.3 0.7 1.3 1.2 3.3 7.1 0.72.7 3.3 6.7 1.7 1.22.5 1.3 1.3 6 6 2.4 6 11.1 1.7 8.4 23.8 16.7 3.3 15.1 33.1 29.5 23.3 36 41 29.9 33.3 36.1 48 42 44.6 46.7 59.7 25.4 44.4 67.9 80 75.2 70.5 73.3 66.1 64.2 57.3 61.3 57.7 52.4 53.8 49.3 51.3 51.8 41.1 45 40.3 28.4 Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Surrounds Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Community Providência Rocinha Salgueiro Santa Marta São Carlos São João Tabajaras Turano Vidigal Vila Cruzeiro Source: Question .