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Nomination of William E. Colby Hearing Committee On NOMINATION OF WILLIAM E. COLBY HEARING BEFORE TIE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES UNITED STATES SENATE NINETY-THIRD CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON NOMINATION OF WILLIAMl E. COLBY TO BE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE JULY 2, 20, AND 25, 1973 Printed fdr the use of the Committee on Armed Services U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 99-275 WASHINGTON : 1978 REST COPY AVAILABLE 5 1o/-- .I7 ", f COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES JOHN C. ST)NNIS, Mississippi, Chairman STUART SYMINGTON, Missouri STROM THUR-MOND, South Carolina HtENRY M. JACKSON, Washington JOHN TOWER, Texas SAM J. ERVIN, JR., North Carolina PETER H. DOMINICK, Colorado HOWARD W. CANNON, Nevada BARRY-GOLDWATER, Arizona THOMAS J. .IcINTYRE, New Hampshire WILLIAM% SAXBE, Ohio HARRY F. BYRD, JR., Virginia WILLIAM L. SCOTT, Virginia HAROLD E. HUGHES, Iowa SAM NUNN, Georgia T. EDWARD BRABWILL, Jr., Ohief Coudtte! and Staff Direotor' JOHN T. Ticn, Chief Clerk (I) CONTENTS Page William E. Colbii to be Director of Central Intelligence --------------- 2 119 lion. Robert F. rinan, U.S. Representative from Massachusetts ------- 31 Samuel A. Adams ------------------------------------------------ 55 Paul Sakwa ------------------------------------------------------ 84 David' Sheridan Harrington ---------------------------------------- 95 Kcnneth Barton Osborn ------------------------------------------- 101 (l11) NOMINATION OF WILLIAM E. COLBY MONDAY, JULY O, 1973 U.S. -SENATE, (.70MM i'rTEEi~ oN AIn1EI SERVICF.S, 1Va.hhngton, I).C'. The'committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in. room 318, Richard B. Russell Senate Office Building, Ion. Stuart Symington (acting chairman). ]Present : Senator Symington (presiding). Also resti: T. Edwar(TBraswell, Jr., chief counsel and stall direc- tor; John. T. ''ieer, chief clerk; It. James XWo5lsoy, general counsel; John A. Goldsmith, Robert Q. Old, and Francis J. Sullivan, profes- sional staff menibers; Nancy J. lBearg. research assistant ; )orothy Pastis, clerical assistant; anl Katherine Nelson, assistant to Senator Symington. Senator SYMINTOx. The hea n \\Will come to order. We regret members are absent because of the recess. Inasmuch as Director Schlesinger has now become Secretary of I)efense we thought it advisable to have Mr. Colby here at the earliest ol)l)ortunity to consider his confirmation as the new Director of Central Intelligence. [Nomination reference and report follow :] NOMINATION REFERENCE AND REPORT Ix Ex:ECUTIVE SESSION, SEN.A'I'E OF TIlE, UNITED STATES, May .24,1973. Ordered, That, the following nomination be referred to the Com- mittee o i.Armed Services: William Egan Colbv, of Maryland, to be Director of Central Intelligence, vice .Janms II. Schlesinger. July 26, 1973. Reported by M.r. Jackson with the recommendation that the nomi- nation be con'fipmed, subject to the nominee's commitment to respond to requests to appear and testify before any duly constituted com- mittee of the Senate. (1) Senator SYino .ToN;.Mr. Colby has had a long career in Government service, chiefly in intelligence and related matters. Ho served for a number of years in Vietnam on various assignments in one of whicl he held the rank of Ambassador. The Chair would emphasize that today's hearings will not only be an examination of Mr. Colby's qualifications and background, but will also review a number of policies relating to the Central Intelligence Agency itself. There has been so much discussion about the structure ,nd function- ing of the Agency, Mr. Colby, and because of your long connection with it, we are going to take this opportunity to try to get a better under- standing for ourselves and for the people as to just what the CIA is and what it is supposed to do. STATEMENT OF WILLIAM EGAN COLBY, NOMINEE TO BE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE Mr. COLBY. I welcome that, Mr. Chairman. Senator S'iluwox. We believe this the appropriate time to ex- amine in some depth a number of issues that have been the subject of consistent' recent public attention with respect to the operations of the Central Intelligence Agency. Mr. Colby, (10 you have any l)reliminary statement you would like to make? Mr. COLBY. No, Mr. Chairman. I welcome the chance to explain to you to the committee, and to the Senate, what my qualifications, I hope, are, for this important challenge ahead of me, and I thought the most useful thing is to answer the questions in your mind, sir. Senator SY3'ING'ro. Very Well. As you know, the Senate I)emocratic Caucus has adopted a policy with respect to every nomination which requires that. every nominee be asked, do we have your commitment to respond to requests to appear and testify bef6re anv duly-constituted committee of the Senate. Would you respond? Mr. (0 1 ,On'. I will, Mr. Chairman. Senator SY -oN. You will wlhtt? Mr. Coivy. I will testify. Senator SYMINGTON'. Thlank yon. We will provide for the record at this point a biographical sketch of your long and effective record as a Government servant. N [Mr. Colby's biographical sketch follows:] WILLIIA.M E4GAN ('01.11Y mr. William E. Colly was lmorn in St. Paul, [linesota, in 1920. The son of an Army officer, his early life was spent in various posts, including a three-year period In Tientsin, China. In 1940 he was graduated from Princeton University and in 1141 joined tit, United States Army, serving in the Parachite Fiehl Artillery. When ti,Office, of Strategic Services put out a call for French speakers in 1943, Mr. Colby voluin- teered and In 1944 was liarachuled behind enemy lines In north central Fraince to work with a resistance unit. Shortly before the end of the war in 1945. I led a team dropped in northern Norway to destroy a rail line used for transjifrt ing German reinforcements. Following the war, Mr. Colby obtained his law degree from Columlia LTaw School and Joined a New York law firm headed by William .J. Donovan, former head of 08S. lie Is a member of the New York State and U.S. Supreme Court bars. In 1949 Mr. Colby accepted his first U.S. Government position as an attorney for the National Labor Relations Board In Washington. In 1951 he Joined the staff of the American Embassy in Stockholm and from 1953 to 1958 served In the American Embassy in Rome, Italy. Mr. Colby became First SecretarY of the American Embassy In Saigon in 19.59. leaving in 1962 for an assignment as Chief of the Far East Division of the Cen- t rat Intelligence Agency In Washington, D.C. In March 1968 Mr. Colby Joined the Agency for International Development and was posted to Saigon to as,'ume the post of Assistant Chief of Staff and In November, 1968 of Deputy to the Commander of MACV for tie CORDS program of support to the Government of Vietnam's pacification campaign, with the per- sonal rank of Ambassador. Ie was reassigned to the Department of State on 30 June 1971. On 10, January 1972 Mr. Colby was appointed Executive Director-Comptroller of the Central Intelligence Agency. Mr. Colby was appointed Deputy Director for Operations effective 3 March 1973. Mr. Colby is married to the former Barbara IHeinzen. They have four children and reside in Oethesda. Senator SYMINoToN. In the paper Sunday was an article "London Pa per Asserts CIA Engineered theCoup in Greece." I will real the first sentence of that article in the New York Times on Sunday, July 1. The Observer said today that it has found evidence that the Central Intelli- gence Agency engineered the 1967 military coup in Greece and is using secret knowledge of Premier George Papadopoulos "war-time collaboration with the Nazis", to maintain control of the regime. Is there any justification for these assertions? Mr. COLBY. I had that researched, Mr. Chairman. The CIA did not engineer the coup in Greece in 1967. Secondly, I think we are not in possession of that kind of information about Mr. Papadopoulos that is alleged there. And we did not train him in this country as alleged there. Senator SYMINToN. At any time has Mr. Papadopoulos been an agentZUr. forCOLBY. the CIA He has? not been an agent.. He has been an official of the Greek Government at various times, and in those periods from time to time we worked with him in his official capacity. Senator SY-.i.NGToN. Did we pay him any money at any time? M r. C LBY. I cannot, answer that now, MZr. Chairman. [ just do not know. I can say that we did not pay him personally. [Thie following statement was provided for the record:] The CIA never paid Mr. Papadopoulos any money. The only association the Agency ever had with Papadopoulos of any kind was in his capacity as an officer of the Greek Intelligence Service, with which we have maintained a liaison relationship since the Greek civil war in the late 1940's. [The article from the New York Times follows:] [The New York Times. Sunday, July 1. 19731 LONDON PAPER ASSERTS C.I.A. ENGINEERED THE COUP IN GREECE LONI)ON, Sunday. July 1-The Observer said today that it has found evidence that the Central Intelligence Agency engineered the 1967 military coup in Greece and is using secret knowledge of Premier George Papadopoulos's "wartime col- laboration with the Nazis," to maintain control of the regime. The Sunday newspaper said that at the Athens headquarters of the Joint Uiited States Military Aid Assistance Group, Mr. Papadopoulos is known among senior staff members as "the first C.I.A. agent to become premier of a European country." Mr. Papadopoulos has now proclaiue4 himself provisional President, and de- clared Greece qtrepublic. The Observer's writer, Charles Foley, quoted an unidentifle4 American military adviser 1i Athens as hptvlug said: "George gives good value because there are documents i4 Washington he wouldn't like let out." The British paper said tfiat the Greek secret service, built up after the 1945-49 civil war, was formed by the United States.
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