The Islamic Caliphate: a Controversial Consensus
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The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam
The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam Muhammad Iqbal The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam written by Muhammad Iqbal Published in 1930. Copyright © 2009 Dodo Press and its licensors. All Rights Reserved. CONTENTS • Preface • Knowledge and Religious Experience • The Philosophical Test of the Revelations of Religious Experience • The Conception of God and the Meaning of Prayer • The Human Ego - His Freedom and Immortality • The Spirit of Muslim Culture • The Principle of Movement in the Structure of Islam • Is Religion Possible? PREFACE The Qur‘an is a book which emphasizes ‘deed‘ rather than ‘idea‘. There are, however, men to whom it is not possible organically to assimilate an alien universe by re-living, as a vital process, that special type of inner experience on which religious faith ultimately rests. Moreover, the modern man, by developing habits of concrete thought - habits which Islam itself fostered at least in the earlier stages of its cultural career - has rendered himself less capable of that experience which he further suspects because of its liability to illusion. The more genuine schools of Sufism have, no doubt, done good work in shaping and directing the evolution of religious experience in Islam; but their latter-day representatives, owing to their ignorance of the modern mind, have become absolutely incapable of receiving any fresh inspiration from modern thought and experience. They are perpetuating methods which were created for generations possessing a cultural outlook differing, in important respects, from our own. ‘Your creation and resurrection,‘ says the Qur‘an, ‘are like the creation and resurrection of a single soul.‘ A living experience of the kind of biological unity, embodied in this verse, requires today a method physiologically less violent and psychologically more suitable to a concrete type of mind. -
1 of 6 the Muslim Action Forum Is an Assembly of Senior Muslim Scholars
The Muslim Action Forum is an assembly of senior Muslim scholars & major organisations in the UK working to deal with affronts to Global Civility. www.MuslimActionForum.com; [email protected] To the Right Honourable Prime Minister Boris Johnson, 10 Downing St, London, SW1A 2AA 28th day of March 2021 Dear Prime Minister, We the undersigned British Muslim citizens and scholars are writing to express our unequivocal condemnation of the depiction of the caricature of our Holy Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, by the RE teacher at Batley Grammar School. It is inconceivable that such depiction in an RE lesson can be based on the notion of discussing ‘freedom of speech’ or even a critique of the personality of the Holy Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. It was prima facie, based on the usual attempt of inciting hatred and Islamophobia whilst pushing forward extremist white supremacist ideology, which inevitably creates chaos and anarchy. The hallmark of any civilised society cannot be the freedom to abuse and provoke certain members of society. Current legal proscription of xenophobic, anti-Semitic, homophobic, and other language of incitement of violence, ensures that we all remain in the realm of civil society. Why is it then that hatred against Muslims and Islamophobia is so widely defended and accepted? Surely, in sowing such seeds of hatred, we only advance the vested agenda of a tiny minority of extremists on all sides, that seek to gain from any form of chaos and anarchy. Depicting the caricatures of the Holy Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, will inevitably offend and provoke the feelings of 1.6 billion Muslims on this planet, and this cannot be unintentional or an act of a civilised member of society. -
The Existence of Maslahah Mursalah As the Basis of Islamic Law Development in Indonesia
Jurnal Krtha Bhayangkara, Volume 13 Nomor 2, Desember 2019 THE EXISTENCE OF MASLAHAH MURSALAH AS THE BASIS OF ISLAMIC LAW DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA Adi Nur Rohman Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya [email protected] Naskah diterima: Revisi: Naskah disetujui: 2/09/2019 22/09/2019 4/10/2019 Abstrak Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsepsi maslahah dalam wacana perkembangan hukum Islam. Selanjutnya, makalah ini menguraikan keberadaan masalah dan melihat lebih dalam ke dalam implementasi masalah sebagai dasar untuk pengembangan hukum Islam di Indonesia. Makalah ini adalah yuridis normatif menggunakan pendekatan doktrinal. Pada akhirnya, dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsepsi maslahah adalah metode penggalian hukum Islam yang didasarkan pada aspek manfaat dan kebaikan bagi manusia selama tidak bertentangan dengan norma syariah Islam. Selain itu, implementasi masalah sebagai dasar untuk penemuan hukum Islam di Indonesia tidak dapat disangkal. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari daruratnya undang-undang atau peraturan di bawahnya yang mengatur berbagai aspek hukum Islam di Indonesia dalam menanggapi masalah kehidupan masyarakat sebagai dampak dari zaman dan teknologi. Kata Kunci: eksistensi, maslahah mursalah, hukum Islam. Abstract This paper aims to analyze the conception of maslahah in the discourse of the development of Islamic law. Furthermore, this paper elaborates the existence of maslahah mursalah and looks deeper into the implementation of maslahah as a basis for the development of Islamic law in Indonesia. This paper is normative juridical using a doctrinal approach. In the end, it can be concluded that the conception of maslahah is a method of extracting Islamic law which is based on aspects of benefit and goodness for humans as long as it does not conflict with Islamic sharia norms. -
The Islamic State
The Group That Calls Itself a State: Understanding the Evolution and Challenges of the Islamic State The Group That Calls Itself a State: Understanding the Evolution and Challenges of the Islamic State Muhammad al-‘Ubaydi Nelly Lahoud Daniel Milton Bryan Price THE COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT WEST POINT www.ctc.usma.edu December 2014 Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 6 Metamorphosis: From al-Tawhid wa-al-Jihad to Dawlat al-Khilafa (2003-2014) ........... 8 A Society (mujtama‘) in the Making During Abu Mus’ab al-Zarqawi’s Era ................. 9 The March to “Statehood”.................................................................................................... 14 Parting Ways with al-Qa’ida .............................................................................................. 16 What is the difference between the “Islamic state” of 2006 and that of 2014? ............ 18 The Sectarian Factor .............................................................................................................. 19 Goals and Methods: Comparing Three Militant Groups.................................................. 27 The Islamic State: An Adaptive Organization Facing Increasing Challenges .............. 36 Trends in IS Military Operations ....................................................................................... -
Preparing for Dr Patrick Graham on Contemporary Islamic Theology We Recommend the Following
Preparing for Dr Patrick Graham on Contemporary Islamic Theology we recommend the following. OPEN LETTER TO POPE BENEDICT XVI OCTOBER 4TH, 2006 WRITTEN AND SIGNED BY LEADING MUSLIM SCHOLARS AND LEADERS IN RESPONSE TO POPE BENEDICT XVI’S REMARKS ON ISLAM AT THE REGENSBURG LECTURE ON SEPTEMBER 12, 2006 In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, And may Peace and Blessings be upon the Prophet Muhammad OPEN LETTER TO HIS HOLINESS POPE BENEDICT XVI In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, Do not contend with people of the Book except in the fairest way . (The Holy Qur’an, al-Ankabuty 29:46). YOUR HOLINESS, WITH REGARDS TO YOUR LECTURE AT THE University of Regensburg in Germany on September 12th 2006, we thought it appropriate, in the spirit of open exchange, to address your use of a debate between the Emperor Manuel II Paleologus and a “learned Persian” as the starting point for a discourse on the relationship between reason and faith. While we applaud your efforts to oppose the dominance of positivism and materialism in human life, we must point out some errors in the way you mentioned Islam as a counterpoint to the proper use of reason, as well as some mistakes in the assertions you put forward in support of your argument. THERE IS NO COMPULSION IN RELIGION You mention that “according to the experts” the verse which begins, There is no compulsion in religion (al-Baqarah 2:256) is from the early period when the Prophet “was still powerless and under threat,” but this is incorrect. -
Longing for the Lost Caliphate
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. Introduction The cosmopolitan, scholarly language of Islamic religious discourse cuts across multiple frontiers, constructing a universe of reciprocal benefit to those who master it. This religious discourse is at once flexible and transferable across time and space. Not only did it span the known world of the fourteenth century, but it also persisted across the vicissitudes of political and economic change that separated the premodern from the modern world system. —Muslim Networks from Hajj to Hip Hop, ed. Miriam Cooke and Bruce Lawrence1 Overall, the best historians of memory are like the ogre who looks for human voices and emotions. They capture the haunted images of the past that hover in a given society, the obsession with certain events, periods, or beliefs, and they attempt to understand how and why they made sense to people in the past. — “History and Memory,” Alon Confino2 Working at the Foreign Office in London, a British diplomat reviewed the stunning news emanating from Turkey on March 3, 1924. D. G. Osbourne had just learned of the legislative acts passed by the nascent Turkish Republic’s Grand National Assembly and updated the confidential file before him: The Caliphate of the house of Osman is abolished and all members of the house are to follow the Caliph—an d the late Sultan—int o exile. Their property is to revert to the state. Justice and education are to be entirely purged of their reli- gious associations. -
University of Lo Ndo N Soas the Umayyad Caliphate 65-86
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SOAS THE UMAYYAD CALIPHATE 65-86/684-705 (A POLITICAL STUDY) by f Abd Al-Ameer 1 Abd Dixon Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philoso] August 1969 ProQuest Number: 10731674 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731674 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 2. ABSTRACT This thesis is a political study of the Umayyad Caliphate during the reign of f Abd a I -M a lik ibn Marwan, 6 5 -8 6 /6 8 4 -7 0 5 . The first chapter deals with the po litical, social and religious background of ‘ Abd al-M alik, and relates this to his later policy on becoming caliph. Chapter II is devoted to the ‘ Alid opposition of the period, i.e . the revolt of al-Mukhtar ibn Abi ‘ Ubaid al-Thaqafi, and its nature, causes and consequences. The ‘ Asabiyya(tribal feuds), a dominant phenomenon of the Umayyad period, is examined in the third chapter. An attempt is made to throw light on its causes, and on the policies adopted by ‘ Abd al-M alik to contain it. -
Violent Jihad in the Netherlands
Violent Jihad in the Netherlands Current trends in the Islamist terrorist threat Violent Jihad in the Netherlands Current trends in the Islamist terrorist threat 2 Contents Foreword 5 Introduction 7 The murder of Theo van Gogh: consequences and effects 7 General trends in the development of jihadism 9 Framework of terms and definitions 10 1 From exogenous threat to home-grown terrorism 13 1.1 What is a jihadist network? 13 1.2 Historical development of network formation 15 1.2.1 The traditional phase: migration of jihadists 15 1.2.2 The proliferation phase: recruitment 16 1.2.3 The ‘home-grown’ phase: radicalisation and jihadisation 17 1.3 Three types of jihadist networks 17 2 Decentralisation and local implantation of international jihad19 2.1Al-Qaeda: from ‘network of gynetworks’ 19 to trademark and ideolo 2.2 Ideology of global violent jihad 21 2.3 Decentralisation of international jihad 22 2.4 Local implantation of international jihad 26 3 Radicalisation and the emergence of local networks 29 3.1Radicalisation, recruitment and jihadisation 29 3.2 The religious context of radicalisation 30 3.3 The socio-political context of radicalisation 33 3.4 The cultural and socio-psychological context of radicalisation 35 3.5 Emergence of local autonomous cells and networks 37 3.6 Backgrounds and functioning of local autonomous networks 38 3.7 The significance of the Hofstad network 39 4 Virtualisation of jihad 43 4.1The Internet as a propulsion of the jihad movement 43 4.2 Al-Qaeda as a virtual database (top-down) 44 4.3 The virtual umma (grass -
Islam and Civilization
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Portal Jurnal Online Kopertais Wilyah IV (EKIV) - Cluster MADURA Jurnal Al-Insyiroh: Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol. 5, No. 1, Maret 2019 ISLAM AND CIVILIZATION (ANALYSIS STUDY ON THE HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION IN ISLAM) Muhammad Hifdil Islam Lecturer of Institut Ilmu Keislaman Zainul Hasan Genggong Email: [email protected] Abstract The history of Islamic civilization is one of the most important fields of study of Islamic studies. Islamic history is events or events that really happened in the past that are entirely related to the religion of Islam. Islam is too broad in scope, so Islamic history has become a broad scope. Among them are related to the history of the process of growth, development, and the spread of Islam, figures who develop and spread Islam, the history of progress and setbacks achieved by Muslims in various fields, such as in the fields of religious and general science, culture, architecture politics, government, war, education, economy, and so on. The History of Islamic Civilization is a product description of the activities of the life of the Islamic ummah in the past that originated in Islamic values. This article will explores the history of civilization in Islam and How the civilization of Islam is developed. Keywords: Islam, Civilization, History A. Introduction The history of Islamic civilization is one of the fields of study of Islamic studies which attracts the attention of researchers from both Muslims and non- Muslims. By studying Islamic history, we make it possible to know the times or epochs of Islamic glory, allowing us to be proud and confident as Muslims and take I’tibar. -
Islam and Politics
Islam and Politics Renewal and Resistance in the Muslim World Amit Pandya Ellen Laipson Editors Copyright © 2009 The Henry L. Stimson Center ISBN: 978-0-9821935-1-8 Cover photos: Father and son reading the Koran, Indonesia © 1996 Lindsay Hebberd/ Corbis; India elections © 2004 Amit Bhargava/Corbis Cover design by Free Range Studios Book design/layout by Nita Congress All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent from The Henry L. Stimson Center. The Henry L. Stimson Center 1111 19th Street, NW, 12th Floor Washington, DC 20036 Telephone: 202.223.5956 Fax: 202.238.9604 www.stimson.org Madrassas in Pakistan: Role and Emerging Trends Khalid Rahman eligion has always played an important role in shaping South Asian Muslim society Rand politics. A strong education system was brought by Muslims when they first arrived to the region, helping embed religion into almost all aspects of public and private life. Madrassas (religious educational institutes) were the center of these educational activi- ties and provided guidance not only for religious matters, but for worldly affairs. Students studied science, medical and engineering courses, algebra, geometry, logic, and philosophy alongside fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and Arabic and Persian grammar. The broad and practical nature of the syllabi enabled the students of madrassas to be good doctors, engi- neers, architects, teachers, and statesmen.[1] However, with the advent of British rule in 1857, madrassas began to lose their influence. The British built new schools to train people in administrative affairs and divided the system of education into two separate domains: religious and secular, traditional and modern, old and new. -
Muhaddis-E-Azam-E-Hind.Pdf
MUHADDITH AL A’ZAM AL HIND Life & Works of Muhaddith al A'zam Sayyid Muhammad Ashrafi Jilani Kichochavi Muhaddith al A’zam Makhdum al Millat Sayyid Muhammad Muhaddith Ashrafi Jilani Kichochavi {1311 – 1381 A.H / 1894 – 1961 C.E} Muhaddith al A’zam, Makhdum al Millat, Siraj al Hind, Rayis al Mufassirin, Imam al Manazirin Sayyid Muhammad Muhaddith Ashrafi Jilani bin Rayis ul Hukama Sayyid Nazar Ashraf Ashrafi Jilani was born on the 15th of Dhil Qadah, Wednesday in the year 1311 A.H/ 1894 C.E at Jais, Rae Bareily in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. His father was a renowned Sufi and Persian poet and an excellent Physician whose authority was well known and respected among the elite of his field. His Teachers Muhaddith al A’zam had the privilege of studying under the five great Sunni Hadith stalwarts of India such as Shaykh Lutfullah Aligarhi, who prefixed the word ‘Allama’ before the name of Muhaddith al A’zam in the ‘Sanad’ {Certificate of Graduation}, Shaykh ul Muhaddithin Wasi Ahmad Muhaddith Naqshbandi Surati, Bahr ul Ulum Mufti Abdul Bari Farangi Mahali, Mujaddid al A’zam Imam Ahmad Raza Khan Muhaddith Quadri Bareilvi and Shaykh Muti’y ur Rasul Muhammad Abdul Muqtadar Usmani Quadri Badayuni. The Title of Muhaddith al A’zam It was the peerless Muhaddith and teacher of Muhaddith al A’zam Shaykh Muti’y ur Rasul Badayuni who gave the title of ‘Muhaddith al A’zam’ to him at the young age of 17 years at Badayun along with a special ‘Sanad’ of Hadith which indicates Muhaddith al A’zam’s extraordinary Knowledge and calibre. -
COURSE INFORMATION History of Al-Andalus Code Number
COURSE INFORMATION History of al-Andalus Code number: 101010308 Degree in History Academic Year: 2019-2020 Elective course. 4th year First semester: 3 hours a week, 2 days a week 6 credits TEACHING STAFF Prof.: Alejandro García-Sanjuán Department: History, Geography and Anthropology Office: Building 12, high, right Phone: +34 959 219151 E-mail: [email protected] Office hours: First Semester: Thursday and Friday, 9,00-12,00 h PROGRAMME 1. DESCRIPTION Study of the history of al-Andalus, an Arab and Islamic country in Iberia during the Middle Ages, from the Muslim conquest (711) to the fall of Granada (1492). 2. PREREQUISITES History of al-Andalus is an open course, suitable for students with different academic backgrounds and profiles. Especially recommended for students of History, Religious Studies, or Arabic and Islamic Studies. 3. OBJECTIVES/LEARNING OUTCOMES The main subjects will be addressed following the different periods in which the history of al-Andalus is usually divided. These subjects range from historiographical issues (the problematic insertion of al-Andalus into the modern notion of history of Spain) to specific issues of particular significance to each period: the development of Islamization and Arabization, the establishment of the Umayyad State, the Caliphate of Córdoba, the production and transmission of knowledge, the war against the Christians, the urbanization process, the dependence of foreign Islamic powers (Almoravids and Almohads), the affirmation of an Andalusi identity, etc. 4. TEACHING METHODOLOGY Five classes of 1.5 hours (7.5 hours) will be devoted to each one of the five units. The classes are taught through Ppoint presentations aimed at supporting the class explanations, and intended to acquaint the student with historical sources through the use of images (maps, graphics, numismatics, epigraphy) and texts.