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Language Contact in Pomerania: the Case of German, Polish, and Kashubian
P a g e | 1 Language Contact in Pomerania: The Case of German, Polish, and Kashubian Nick Znajkowski, New York University Purpose The effects of language contact and language shift are well documented. Lexical items and phonological features are very easily transferred from one language to another and once transferred, rather easily documented. Syntactic features can be less so in both respects, but shifts obviously do occur. The various qualities of these shifts, such as whether they are calques, extensions of a structure present in the modifying language, or the collapsing of some structure in favor the apparent simplicity found in analogous foreign structures, all are indicative of the intensity and the duration of the contact. Additionally, and perhaps this is the most interesting aspect of language shift, they show what is possible in the evolution of language over time, but also what individual speakers in a single generation are capable of concocting. This paper seeks to explore an extremely fascinating and long-standing language contact situation that persists to this day in Northern Poland—that of the Kashubian language with its dominating neighbors: Polish and German. The Kashubians are a Slavic minority group who have historically occupied the area in Northern Poland known today as Pomerania, bordering the Baltic Sea. Their language, Kashubian, is a member of the Slavic branch of Indo-European languages and further belongs to the Pomeranian branch of Lechitic languages, which includes Polish, Silesian, and the extinct Polabian and Slovincian. The situation to be found among the Kashubian people, a people at one point variably bi-, or as is sometimes the case among older folk, even trilingual in Kashubian, P a g e | 2 Polish, and German is a particularly exciting one because of the current vitality of the Kashubian minority culture. -
Istituto Tecnico Tecnologico Baracca Kaszubskie Liceum
ONLINE EXCHANGE BRESCIA & BRUSY Istituto Tecnico Tecnologico Baracca Kaszubskie Liceum Ogólnokształcące w Brusach 2021 Elisa Lacagnina Thanks to the Etwinning platform I had the possibility to know Ms. Alicja Frymark, English teacher from Kashubian Secondary School (Kaszubskie Liceum Ogólnokształcące) in Brusy, Poland. Since our first online meeting on Skype, we have kept talking, most of all, of our school project called “Online exchange - Brescia & Brusy”. To start, we decided to assign our students a partner to make them work in pairs. Their task was to exchange emails with their friend about the topic given and then, with the information, to write a short article in English. We assigned different topics like Covid 19 and lockdown; traditional food; language uses; interesting facts about the city, the country and the region; school; local tradition. The first part of the project went really well and I was satisfied with the work done. My 5th-year students are enthusiastic about having a “virtual” foreign partner. I decided to start an online exchange because my students felt the need to improve their English speaking and writing skills, as we have only 3 hour English a week. According to me, these opportunities are not only useful to improve the language skills but also to expand your knowledge, to meet new people, to know about the uses and the customs of different countries. Moreover, it was the right moment to start a project of this kind precisely in this difficult period. We have been experiencing a different life, due to Covid 19 home–schooling, restrictions, curfews, prohibitions etc. -
Justice Under Pressure – Repressions As a Means of Attempting to Take Control Over the Judiciary and the Prosecution in Poland
IUSTITIA RAPORTY Justice under pressure – repressions as a means of attempting to take control over the judiciary and the prosecution in Poland. Years 2015–2019 Edited by Jakub Kościerzyński Prepared by: sędzia SA Michał Bober sędzia SO Piotr Gąciarek sędzia SR Joanna Jurkiewicz sędzia SR Jakub Kościerzyński prokurator PR Mariusz Krasoń sędzia SR Dorota Zabłudowska Th e report was drawn up by judges from the Polish Judges’ Association “Iustitia” and by a prosecutor from the “Lex Super Omnia” Association of Prosecutors. “Iustitia” is the largest association of judges in Poland. It is fully independent, apolitical and self-governing, with over 3500 members, which is over 1/3 of the total number of judges. Our main mission is to defend the principles of a democratic state of law: freedom, rights and civil liberties, which are the cornerstone of democratic Poland. We are active in many fi elds not only throughout Poland but also in the international arena as a member of international associations of judges (IAJ, EAJ, MEDEL). “Lex Super Omnia” is fully independent, apolitical and self-governing. It brings together more than 200 prosecutors. Th e main goal of the association is to strive for establishing an independent prosecution, the position of which is defi ned in the Polish Constitution. ISBN: 978-83-920641-8-3 Spis treści Introduction ................................................................................................................. 7 Part I. Judges ............................................................................................................... 9 Chapter I. List of judges against whom the disciplinary prosecutor of common courts, judge Piotr Schab and his deputies, judges: Michał Lasota and Przemysław W. Radzik, have launched investigations or initiated disciplinary proceedings in connection with judicial and extrajudicial activities. -
Private Car “The Kashubian's Region” Tour with Museum from Hotel & Also
Private car “The Kashubian’s Region” tour with Museum from hotel & also includes private car return airport transfers (2 Sharing) - £55pp Private Tour Includes: Return private car airport transfers Private Tour Guide with extensive knowledge of the area. Tour in the Kashubian’s Region. Entry to biggest open air museum for 2 Adults. Visit to Kashubian Centre. Dinner in local restaurant -Optional (extra charges apply). Tour Guide: Mr. Jacek Waldoch Features: About me: I am passionate about Gdansk & its history & Tour in English surroundings. I am professional guide with a certificate from Flexible time. Stutthof Museum. Museum ticket & parking fares included. Information about local cuisines & recommendations. Pick up & return to Hotel directly with private car. Includes return private car transfers to airport (normally costs £25 pp) Duration (approx.): 5 Hours – 6 Hours. Friendly atmosphere. Ceramics has a centuries-old tradition in Kashubia, and again the designs are simple. Kashubian ceramics are decorated with a number of traditional designs including the Kashubian star, fish scales and local flowers, all embellished with wavy lines and dots. The Kashubians are also great weavers, even managing to weave buckets and jugs from pine roots and straw capable of holding water. Their weaving skills can also be seen on the roofs of the many thatched houses in the region. The Kashubians are also well known for a style of primitive painting on glass, woodcuts, and wooden sculptures including roadside chapels known as the Passions of Christ. Wood is also carved into elaborate walking sticks, animal heads and musical instruments, including the extraordinary burczybas, similar to a double bass but in the shape of a barrel with a horse hair tail. -
FEEFHS Journal Volume 15, 2007
FEEFHS Journal Volume 15, 2007 FEEFHS Journal Who, What and Why is FEEFHS? The Federation of East European Family History Societies Guest Editor: Kahlile B. Mehr. [email protected] (FEEFHS) was founded in June 1992 by a small dedicated group of Managing Editor: Thomas K. Edlund American and Canadian genealogists with diverse ethnic, religious, and national backgrounds. By the end of that year, eleven societies FEEFHS Executive Council had accepted its concept as founding members. Each year since then FEEFHS has grown in size. FEEFHS now represents nearly two 2006-2007 FEEFHS officers: hundred organizations as members from twenty-four states, five Ca- President: Dave Obee, 4687 Falaise Drive, Victoria, BC V8Y 1B4 nadian provinces, and fourteen countries. It continues to grow. Canada. [email protected] About half of these are genealogy societies, others are multi- 1st Vice-president: Brian J. Lenius. [email protected] purpose societies, surname associations, book or periodical publish- 2nd Vice-president: Lisa A. Alzo ers, archives, libraries, family history centers, online services, insti- 3rd Vice-president: Werner Zoglauer tutions, e-mail genealogy list-servers, heraldry societies, and other Secretary: Kahlile Mehr, 412 South 400 West, Centerville, UT. ethnic, religious, and national groups. FEEFHS includes organiza- [email protected] tions representing all East or Central European groups that have ex- Treasurer: Don Semon. [email protected] isting genealogy societies in North America and a growing group of worldwide organizations and individual members, from novices to Other members of the FEEFHS Executive Council: professionals. Founding Past President: Charles M. Hall, 4874 S. 1710 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84117-5928 Goals and Purposes: Immediate Past President: Irmgard Hein Ellingson, P.O. -
Regional Investment Attractiveness 2014
Warsaw School of Economics REGIONAL INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS 2014 Western Pomeranian Voivodship Hanna Godlewska-Majkowska, Ph.D., Associate Professor at the Warsaw School of Economics Agnieszka Komor, Ph.D. 3DWU\FMXV]=DUĊEVNL3K' Mariusz Czernecki, M.A. Magdalena Typa, M.A. Report prepared for the Polish Information and Foreign Investment Agency at the Institute of Enterprise, Warsaw School of Economics Warsaw, December 2014 2014 Regional investment attractiveness 2014 Polish Information and Foreign Investment Agency (PAIiIZ) is a governmental institution and has been servicing investors since 1992. Its mission is to create a positive image of Poland in the world and increase the inflow of foreign direct investments by encouraging international companies to invest in Poland. PAIiIZ is a useful partner for foreign entrepreneurs entering the Polish market. The Agency guides investors through all the essential administrative and legal procedures that involve a project. It also provides rapid access to complex information relating to legal and business matters regarding investments. Moreover, it helps in finding the appropriate partners and suppliers together with new locations. PAIiIZ provides free of charge professional advisory services for investors, including: investment site selection in Poland, tailor-made investors visits to Poland, information on legal and economic environment, information on available investment incentives, facilitating contacts with central and local authorities, identification of suppliers and contractors, care of existing investors (support of reinvestments in Poland). Besides the OECD National Contact Point, PAIiIZ also maintains an Information Point for companies ZKLFK DUH LQWHUHVWHG LQ (XURSHDQ )XQGV $OO RI WKH $JHQF\¶V DFWLYLWLHV DUH VXSSRUWHG E\ WKH Regional Investor Assistance Centres. Thanks to the training and ongoing support of the Agency, the Centres provide complex professional services for investors at voivodship level. -
Politica De Vecinătate, Vector De Bază
© GeoSport for Society, volume 4, no. 1/2016, pp. 37-50, Article no. 16.04.04.015 GEOSPORT FOR SOCIETY Scientific Journal founded in 2014 under aegis of University of Oradea (Romania), University of Debrecen (Hungary), University of Gdánsk (Poland) ISSN 2393-1353 Edited by Oradea University Press 1, University Street, 410087, Oradea, Romania Journal homepage: http://geosport.uoradea.ro The role of natural environment in the development of tourism in the Kashubian Lake District (on the example of Kartuzy county ) Aleksandra ZIENKIEWICZ 1* 1. Institute of Geography and Regional Studies, Pomeraian University in Słupsk, email: [email protected] * Corresponding author Article history: Received: 31.03.2016; Revised: 30.05.2016; Accepted: 01.07.2016, Available online: 06.07.2016 Abstract. The aim of this article was to present a particular role of natural environment in the development of tourism in Kashubian Lake District. In the research process there have been shown natural conditions of one of the most touristically attractive region of Polish lake districts, i.e. The Kashubian Lake District on the example of Kartuzy county. The natural resources mentioned in the study were analysed with the help of spot bonitation, thanks to which there were appointed main areas of touristic attractiveness. A supplement of the conducted research was a survey carried out among tourists spending holiday on the presented area, examining to what extent natural ressources determine the concentration of touristic traffic. Keywords: Kashubia, Kartuzy country, touristic natual attractiveness, touristic traffic Introduction Natural environment sets the possibilities of developing space and influences the level and living conditions. -
Piaśnica a Scene of German Crimes in Pomerania in 1939
Piaśnica A scene of German crimes in Pomerania in 1939 Introduction by Monika Tomkiewicz PhD, historian and member of the Regional Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against the Polish Nation in Gdańsk Scientific consultation Prof. dr hab. Bogdan Chrzanowski Text edited by Janosz Józefczyk Mirosław Odyniecki Correction of texts by Mateusz Ihnatowicz, PhD Jacek Pudliszewski, PhD Biographical notes written by Mateusz Ihnatowicz, PhD Cover design by Karol Formela First edition The Stutthof Museum in Sztutowo Wejherowo 2017 ISBN 978-83-946986-5-2 Published by: The Stutthof Museum in Sztutowo for the Branch Office: The Piaśnica Museum in Wejherowo (in organisation) 11/2 Św. Jacka St., 84-200 Wejherowo phone/fax: +48 58 736 11 11 e-mail: [email protected] www.muzeumpiasnickie.pl Table of Contents Introduction. Massacre in Piaśnica ................................................. 4 Piaśnica ......................................................................................... 11 Main Memorial ............................................................................. 13 Crossroads – “Pensive Christ” ...................................................... 14 Grave No. 4 ................................................................................... 15 Grave No. 1 ................................................................................... 16 Grave No. 2 ................................................................................... 17 Monument to Leon Najman – Mirza Kryczyński ......................... 18 Memorial -
The Grounds for Metropolitan Cooperation
STUDIA MIEJSKIE tom 31 (2018) Rafał GAJEWSKI* THE GROUNDS FOR METROPOLITAN COOPERATION. A CASE STUDY OF THE GDAŃSK-GDYNIA-SOPOT METROPOLITAN AREA PODSTAWY WSPÓŁPRACY METROPOLITALNEJ. PRZYKŁAD OBSZARU METROPOLITALNEGO GDAŃSK-GDYNIA-SOPOT NR DOI: 10.25167/sm2018.031.04 s. 53–67 ABSTRACT: The process of institutionalization of metropolitan cooperation within the metropolitan area around Gdańsk has been the subject of a debate with the participation of local representatives of various sectors. Currently, the main entity carrying out activities on a metropolitan scale is the Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot Metropolitan Area Association. It has been responsible for a series of bottom-up projects, implementation of the Integrated Territorial Investments mechanism, as well as lobbying towards establishing a metropolitan union in Pomeranian Voivodship. The article describes the current conditionings that seem to be the most important for the spatial extent and objects of the cooperation in the context of the foregoing metropolitan discourse. KEY WORDS: metropolitan governance, multi-level governance, Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot Metropolitan Area, Integrated Territorial Investments ABSTRAKT: Proces instytucjonalizacji współpracy metropolitalnej na terenie obszaru metropolitalnego kształtującego się wokół Gdańska od początku transformacji ustrojowej stanowi przedmiot lokalnej debaty z udziałem przedstawicieli różnych sektorów. Obecnie najważniejszym podmiotem realizującym działania w skali metropolitalnej jest Stowarzyszenie Obszar Metropolitalny Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot, -
Scripta Islandica 65/2014
SCRIPTA ISLANDICA ISLÄNDSKA SÄLLSKAPETS ÅRSBOK 65/2014 REDIGERAD AV LASSE MÅRTENSSON OCH VETURLIÐI ÓSKARSSON GÄSTREDAKTÖRER JONATHAN ADAMS ALEXANDRA PETRULEVICH HENRIK WILLIAMS under medverkan av Pernille Hermann (Århus) Else Mundal (Bergen) Guðrún Nordal (Reykjavík) Heimir Pálsson (Uppsala) UPPSALA, SVERIGE Publicerad med stöd från Vetenskapsrådet. © Författarna och Scripta Islandica 2014 ISSN 0582-3234 Sättning: Ord och sats Marco Bianchi urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-235580 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-235580 Contents Preface ................................................. 5 ÞÓRDÍS EDDA JÓHANNESDÓTTIR & VETURLIÐI ÓSKARSSON, The Manu- scripts of Jómsvíkinga Saga: A Survey ...................... 9 Workshop Articles SIRPA AALTO, Jómsvíkinga Saga as a Part of Old Norse Historiog - raphy ................................................ 33 Leszek P. słuPecki, Comments on Sirpa Aalto’s Paper ........... 59 ALISON FINLAY, Jómsvíkinga Saga and Genre ................... 63 Judith Jesch, Jómsvíkinga Sǫgur and Jómsvíkinga Drápur: Texts, Contexts and Intertexts .................................. 81 DANIEL SÄVBORG, Búi the Dragon: Some Intertexts of Jómsvíkinga Saga. 101 ALISON FINLAY, Comments on Daniel Sävborg’s Paper ............ 119 Jakub Morawiec, Danish Kings and the Foundation of Jómsborg ... 125 władysław duczko, Viking-Age Wolin (Wollin) in the Norse Context of the Southern Coast of the Baltic Sea ............... 143 MichaeL Lerche NieLseN, Runic Inscriptions Reflecting Linguistic Contacts between West Slav Lands and Southern -
Tourist Attractions of the Northern Kashubia Tourist
55 54 49 Jastrzębia TOURIST ATTRACTIONS OF THE 60 Góra 59 14 58 48 Karwia 215 Dębki 50 15 MorzeNORTHERN Bałtyckie KASHUBIA 51 47 Białogóra 56 52 61 62 13 16 12 Piaśnica 46 45 63 57 Krokowa 44 70 Władysławowo Żarnowiec 215 Mieroszyno J. Żarnowieckie 18 17 Prusewo 73 Starzyński 216 Chałupy Dwór Swarzewo 11 64 Kłanino 65 43 72 Starzyno 19 67 39 42 Bychowo Nadole 7 J. Choczewskie 40 41 20 10 6 66 68 Gniewino Puck 21 Kuźnica 8 Zbiornik j. Dobre Mechowo Jastarnia 53 Elektrowni 22 38 9 Lisewski 213 23 Jurata Dwór 74 J. Salino 37 Rzucewo Piaśnica Zatoka Pucka Wielka Sławutowo 24 71 Osłonino J. Czarne 36 218 26 75 j. Dąbrze Kniewo Sławutówko 27 1 J. Orle 216 25 34 Rekowo Reda Górne 5 35 Rewa 33 4 Biking Trails 28 Mechelinki Hiking Tours 32 3 100 29 Rail Network Reda 2 National and Wejherowo 69 voivodeship roads 30 Kosakowo Hel 31 218 Rumia 1. The Lighthouse in Hel 16. The Fisherman House in Władysławowo 31. Wejherowo Calvary – 25 chapels 46. The bike route: Swarzewo – Krokowa 62. Royal Fern Nature Reserve 2. The Seal Aquarium in Hel 17. The Avenue of Sports Stars in Władysławowo 32. Nordic Walking Park Wejherowo 47. The bike route: Mechowo – Jastrzębia Góra 63. „Sześć Dębów” Manor in Prusewo (Six Oaks Manor) 3. The fishing and yacht harbour in Hel 18. Sanctuary of Saint Mary of Swarzewo 33. Park and Palace Complex in Wejherowo 48. The cliff in Jastrzębia Góra 64. The Manor in Bychowo 4. The Museum of Fishery in Hel 19. -
Puck Kosakowo Reda Rumia Hel
Powiat Pucki My journey to Norda (Northern Kashubia), as Kashubian people Die Reise über Nord Kaszubei, also wie die call it, began in Hel. I will remember for long the light breeze bringing Einheimischen sagen über Norda, begann ich auf Hel. Die Podróż po Kaszubach Północnych, czyli jak mawiają mieszkańcy tej the characteristic smell of the sea. I set off from Gdynia on a water taxi, leichte Brise mit dem charakteristischen Meeresgeruch bleibt lange in meiner ziemi - Kaszubi - po Nordzie, rozpoczęłam od Helu. Długo będę pamiętać taking my bike with me. In Hel I visited the seal sanctuary, the Museum of Erinnerung. Ich trat meine Reise in Gdynia mit einer Wasser-Straßenbahn lekką bryzę niosącą charakterystyczny, morski zapach. Z Gdyni wyruszyłam Fishery and I also ate fresh fish in Wiejska street. The food was delicious, an. Ich nahm auch mein Fahrrad mit. In Hel besuchte ich das Robbengehege, Starostwo Powiatowe w Pucku, tramwajem wodnym zabierając rower. W Helu odwiedziłam fokarium, so I regretted that I could not eat more to satisfy my hunger for the future. das Fischereimuseum und in der Wiejska-Straße habe ich einen frischen District Authorities in Puck, Muzeum Rybołówstwa, a na ulicy Wiejskiej zjadłam świeżą rybę. Jedzenie After lunch, there was time for physical activity, so I sat on my bike and Fisch gegessen. Das Essen war hervorragend schade, dass man sich für die Kreisstarostei Puck, było doskonałe. Szkoda, że nie można najeść się na zapas. Po obiedzie czas there I went. The path from Hel to Jastarnia is just fantastic. I guess there nächsten Tage nicht satt essen kann.