TYPE OF WORK IN EXTENT OF WORK PROJECT COSTS THIS REPORT (IN METRIC UNITS) ON WHICH CLAIMS APPORTIONED (incl. support)
GEOLOGICAL (scale, area)
Ground, 1:5,000; 1:10,000 ~10 square km Mar 42, 106, 109, 113; Stag 1-2; William 1 $ 44,335.66
Photo interpretation
GEOPHYSICAL (line-kilometres)
Ground
Magnetic
Electromagnetic
Induced Polarization
Radiometric
Seismic
Other
Airborne
GEOCHEMICAL (number of samples analysed for ...)
Soil
Silt
Rock 99 samples analyzed for whole rock constituents Mar 42, 106, 109, 113; Stag 1-2; William 1 $ 2,920.50
Other
DRILLING (total metres; number of holes, size)
Core
Non-core
RELATED TECHNICAL
Sampling/assaying
Petrographic
Mineralographic
Metallurgic
PROSPECTING (scale, area)
PREPARATORY/PHYSICAL
Line/grid (kilometres)
Topographic/Photogrammetric (scale, area)
Legal surveys (scale, area)
Road, local access (kilometres)/trail
Trench (metres)
Underground dev. (metres)
Other
TOTAL COST $47,256.16 GRAYMONT WESTERN CANADA INC.
2010 GEOLOGIC MAPPING AND SAMPLING OF THE KELLY LAKE LIMESTONE DEPOSITS, MARBLE RANGE
WEST OF CLINTON, BRITISH COLUMBIA Clinton Mining Division
MAR 42, 66-69, 101-102, 105-106, 109, 113 WILLIAM 1, MARY 1, AND STAG 1-5, 9-11
Geographic Coordinates 51° 08' 00" N 121° 52' 05" W
NTS Sheet 92P/04
Owner & Operator: Graymont Western Canada Inc. 260, 4311 - 12 Street NE Calgary, Alberta T2E 4P9
Consultant: Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. 18, 10509 - 81 Avenue Edmonton, Alberta T6E 1X7
Authors: P. Kluczny, B.Sc., P.Geol.
Date Submitted: March 21, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Geographic Setting...... 1 1.1.1 Location and Access...... 1 1.1.2 Topography, Vegetation and Climate...... 2 1.2 Property ...... 3 1.3 History and Previous Investigations...... 4 1.3.1 Investigations by Officers of Government Agencies...... 4 1.3.2 History of Property Acquisitions...... 5 1.3.3 Exploration by Graymont Western Canada Inc...... 7 1.4 Purpose of Work...... 8 1.5 Summary of Work...... 8
2. Regional Geology ...... 9
3. Property Geology ...... 11 3.1Stratigraphy ...... 13 3.1.1 Unit C2 ...... 13 3.1.2 Unit C4 ...... 14 3.2Structure ...... 16 3.2.1 Early Thrust Faults...... 17 3.2.2 Other Faults...... 17
4. Results of 2010 Exploration...... 18
5. Discussion and Conclusions...... 19
6. References ...... 21 LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1.1 List of Kelly Lake Claims ...... 3 Table 1.2 List of Surveyed Lots at Marble Range...... 6
Table 3.1 Lithologic Units of Marble Range...... 13
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. 1.1 Location Map...... F1
Fig. 1.2 Regional Access...... F2
Fig. 1.3 2010 Exploration and Property Geology...... (In . pocket)
Fig. 1.4 Claim Map ...... F3
Fig. 2.1 Regional Geology...... (In pocket)
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Itemized Cost Statement for the 2010 Exploration...... A1
Appendix 2: Analytical Laboratory Information and Techniques...... A3
Appendix 3: Assay Results - Central Analytical Laboratory of Graymont Western U.S. Inc...... A4
Appendix 4: 2010 Sample Descriptions and Assay Results from the Kelly Lake Area...... A6
Appendix 5: Statement of Qualifications...... A15 1
1. INTRODUCTION
Throughout this report, the term "Kelly Lake limestone deposits" refers to two limestone units (about 19 km long and up to 4 km wide) primarily within the first two mountain ridges on the southwest side of Marble Range. Most of the claims which encompass these limestone deposits were acquired by Graymont Western Canada Inc. (nee Continental Lime Ltd.) in 1992, 1993 and 1996. Others were held by BMC Lime Ltd. since the early 1970's. Three two-post claims, Stag 9 to 11, were staked by Ecowaste Industries Ltd. on the southwest side of the First Ridge in November, 2000. All of the Ecowaste and BMC claims were transferred to Graymont in 2007 for consistency of their B.C. properties. Graymont Western Canada collected and analyzed samples, and conducted geologic mapping of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits on multiple occasions from 1992 to 2005. This report describes the 2010 geologic mapping and sampling conducted on the Kelly Lake claims along First and Second ridges. The focus of exploration was to target areas that had seen only limited exploration during past programs. The geological map was compiled from the 2010 field work and from previously collected analytical and geological data. Structural measurements were obtained at stations throughout the property. A magnetic declination of 21° E was used. Attitudes of bedding and other planar features are given as A°/B° NW, where A° is the azimuth of the strike (right-hand rule) and B° is the amount of dip in the direction indicated. Where bedding has been obscured by structure, stratigraphic thicknesses were calculated using orientations from adjacent units. Where more than one bedding orientation was measured, the mean orientation was used. Throughout this report informal names have been applied to previously unnamed creeks, mountains, and other features to facilitate reference to geographic locations. A statements of work have been filed with respect to the exploration described in this report (Event Number 4820005).
1.1 GEOGRAPHIC SETTING 1.1.1 Location and Access The Kelly Lake limestone deposits are in the Intermontane Belt of southwestern British Columbia, 16 km west of the town of Clinton (Fig. 1.1). Clinton is 381 km from Vancouver via Highways 1 and 97, and 327 km via the British Columbia Railways. From Clinton, the Kelly Lake limestone deposits are easily reached by driving southwesterly on the paved Kelly Lake road which 2 parallels the BCR rail line for about 18 km and then northwesterly on the gravel Jesmond road (Fig. 1.2). Jesmond Road, which is about ½ km northeasterly from Kelly Lake, parallels the southwestern flank of Marble Range to its northern terminus and beyond. The ridge closest to Jesmond Road is termed ‘First Ridge’ and the next ridge to the northeast termed ‘Second Ridge’. Between Jesmond Road and First Ridge are two corridors for powerlines of the British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority. Local access to the Kelly Lake limestone deposits is by several four-wheel-drive (two-wheel-drive in good weather) powerline, logging and mining roads, which turn northeasterly off Jesmond Road (Fig. 1.3). At about 5½, 14 and 18 km from the Jesmond Road turnoff near Kelly Lake, are the Porcupine Creek, Lot-1284 and Trail Creek roads. The Porcupine Creek and Lot-1284 roads were originally constructed in the early 1970s for limestone exploration. At Line Creek the road to Jesmond Quarry has been washed out and the last few kilometres are accessible either by ATV or by foot.
1.1.2 Topography, Vegetation and Climate The Kelly Lake limestone deposits include two roughly parallel northwesterly trending ridges of rugged mountains cut by deep valleys with southwesterly flowing creeks. Locally precipitous cliffs rise to the tops of both First and Second ridges. First Ridge, with a maximum elevation of about 1830 m atop Dome Mountain, extends northwesterly from Two Mile Creek to just south of Trail Creek. North of Dome Mountain, First Ridge is topographically subdued and narrower than the more rugged Second Ridge. Second Ridge, with an elevation of up to 2,240 across from Dome Mountain, extends from the northern to southern extremes of the property. The areas investigated during 2010 include three locations along the middle part of Second Ridge, the northwest flank of Trail Mountain, Indecision Ridge, Bobcat Ridge and Dome Mountain, and along the northerly powerline (Fig. 1.3). Tree cover at First Ridge is sparse; it consists predominantly of stunted lodgepole pine with lesser amounts of Douglas Fir. Climate is alpine with average summer temperatures of 20° to 25°C and winter temperatures of -15° to -20°C, with extremes of 34°C and -41°C. Rainfall averages about 32 cm per year with maximum snowfall in December and January which averages 31 to 36 cm. 3
1.2 PROPERTY The Kelly Lake limestone deposits were acquired by Graymont Western Canada Inc. and its predecessor Continental Lime Ltd. in 1992, 1993 and 1996 (Fig. 1.4). BMC Lime Ltd., a subsidiary of Continental Lime Ltd., held claims in the Marble Range since the early 1970's. During 2001 three two post claims, Stag 9 to 11, were staked on the southwest side of First Ridge by Ecowaste Industries Ltd. (Table 1.1, Fig. 1.4). All of the Ecowaste and BMC tenures were transferred to Graymont in 2007.
TABLE 1.1: LIST OF KELLY LAKE CLAIMS
Current Expected Claim Name Tenure Number Record Date Expiry Date Expiry Date Stag 1 208888 1989 09 30 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Stag 2 208889 1989 09 29 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 William 1 208932 1989 11 24 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mary 1 208933 1989 11 24 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 42 309898 1992 05 21 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 66 310968 1992 06 22 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 67 310969 1992 06 22 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Mar 68 310970 1992 06 22 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 69 310971 1992 06 22 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 101 321061 1993 09 22 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Mar 102 321062 1993 09 22 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Mar 105 321063 1993 09 22 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 106 321064 1993 09 22 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Mar 109 321067 1993 09 22 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Mar 113 321068 1993 09 22 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Stag 3 346292 1996 05 23 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Stag 4 346299 1996 05 23 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Stag 5 346300 1996 05 23 2010 12 31 2011 12 31 Stag 9 382956 2000 11 21 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Stag 10 382957 2000 11 21 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 Stag 11 382958 2000 11 21 2010 12 31 2012 12 31 4
1.3 HISTORY AND PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS Accounts of previous investigations and exploration history of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits are in part derived from prior reports (Halferdahl, 1992; Halferdahl, 1993; Faragher and Halferdahl, 1993; and Pana and Dahrouge, 1999). Some of the history of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits included herein, are based upon unpublished notes from telephone conversations between Mr. Ernest Taylor-Smith and Dr. Lawrence Halferdahl. 1.3.1 Investigations by Officers of Government Agencies Reconnaissance work on the limestone occurrences within the vicinity of Marble Range date back to the last century when limestone units near Kelly Lake were assigned to the Cache Creek Group (Selwyn,1872). The Cache Creek Group was later subdivided into three northwesterly trending belts of distinct lithology and physiography by Dawson (1895) who mentions vast amounts of limestone in the Marble Range of the central belt. Halferdahl (1992, p. 5) indicated that
“... Although Dawson’s report (Dawson, 1895, p. 95B) mentions vast amounts of limestone in the Marble Range, it contains no information on its quality, nor analyses of it. One of his maps (G.S.C. Map 557), however, does show the limestone deposit now designated the Sharan quarry as being suitable for the production of lime...”
The earliest reported analyses of limestone from Marble Range are those of Goudge (1945), who reported the analyses of five samples from Marble Range. Three samples are from a tufa deposit located near the eastern edge of Marble Range, about 3 km southwest of Clinton. The other two samples are from the Marble Canyon Formation, located between 4½ and 8¼ km southwest of Clinton. In a 1952 examination of the Ashcroft area, Duffell and McTaggart used the term ‘Marble Canyon Formation’ for the limestone member of Cache Creek Group, which included those limestones near Kelly Lake. The first recorded analyses of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits are in 1958 of McCammon (1959), who examined and sampled occurrences of limestone and travertine within the Ashcroft- Clinton area. The next investigation of an area that included the Kelly Lake limestone deposits was by Trettin (1961) who geologically mapped Marble Range and some adjoining areas at a scale of 1:63 360 during the summers of 1957, 1958 and 1959. Trettin (1961, p. 13) recognized that
“... because of ... complications by faulting and folding, and the scarcity of marker beds, bedding attitudes, and stratigraphic top determinations it has been almost impossible to work out the structure and stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon formation.” 5
Between 1963 and 1965, Campbell and Tipper (Tipper, 1965; Tipper, 1966a; Tipper, 1966b) geologically mapped the Bonaparte Lake map area (NTS 92/P) at a scale of 1:250 000. Marble Range and limestones of the Cache Creek Group are located within the southwest corner of the map sheet. Their final report on this area was published in 1971. Trettin (1965, 1966, 1968) continued his work in the Marble Range for five days in 1964, eight days in 1965, and one week in 1967. His report (Trettin, 1980) on the work is the most detailed published information on the geology on the Marble Range and includes the introduction of the eastern, central and western belts to describe three lithologically distinct parts of the Cache Creek Group near Clinton. In 1967, McCammon (1968) re-examined the then abandoned Sharan Quarry, which is also known as the Bowden Creek Deposit. He collected a chip sample from the quarry muck-pile. In 1970, McCammon (1971) examined and sampled the Jesmond Limestone Corporation Quarry, which is now one of the Kelly Lake deposits, part of claim William 1. Monger (1977) defined the Cache Creek - Bridge River Assemblage, which includes the Marble Canyon Formation as a well-defined, linear belt up to 75 km wide, which extends more than 1,400 km from northern Washington State to southern Yukon. In 1988 and 1989, Orchard and Beyers examined the biostratigraphy of the western and central belts, and provided Late Permian through Late Triassic ages for limestones within the northern parts of the belts. In 1989, Joanna Beyers completed her Masters Thesis entitled “Upper Permian and Triassic Conodont Biostratigraphy of the Cache Creek Group, Marble Range, South-Central British Columbia”. Fishl’s (1992) compilation on limestone and dolomite in British Columbia includes a summary of available information on the Kelly Lake limestone deposits. 1.3.2 History of Property Acquisitions In the late 1960's, Mr. Ernest J. Taylor-Smith of Vancouver apparently became interested in the limestone of Marble Range, west of Clinton. In November 1969, Mr. Taylor-Smith applied under the land act for 12 square miles of limestone leases covering much of the southwestern part of Marble Range (Westphal, 1970). At that time, regulations or policy restricted him to two leases of one square mile each. District Lots 1284 and 1285 (Table 1.2) at and near Jesmond Quarry were surveyed by Antony C. Loach and Associates, British Columbia Land Surveyors of North 6
Vancouver (Rourke, 1971), and all or parts of the balance of the 12 square miles were staked as mineral claims under the Mineral Act in order to prevent the rights to the underlying limestone being obtained by competitors (L.B. Halferdahl, pers. comm.). These claims lapsed periodically and some were restaked from time to time as interpreted from the posts for some of these 2-post claims encountered during the 1992 and 1993 field seasons; all had lapsed by 1992 and no systematic effort to locate the posts was made (Halferdahl, 1993). Based on tag numbers 434670M and 434679M on old claim posts, one or more mineral claim covering parts of the Columbia Lime deposit were staked on July 3, and June 31(?), 1973 by P. Lacombe. Subsequent to 1971, Mr. Taylor-Smith learned of the excellent limestone in the Columbia Lime Deposit and was able to exchange his interest, or the interest of the companies involved in District Lot 1285 for a lease of District Lot 2203, which covers the deposit (Table 1.2). A survey plan of District Lot 2203, in Wahl’s (1973) report, is dated January 30, 1973 and is mostly illegible. However, it is clear that District Lot 2203 comprises 640 acres, and has dimensions of exactly ½ mile by 2 miles. Hence, it appears to include both District Lots 2203 and 4585 shown on topographic map 92 P/4.
TABLE 1.2: LIST OF SURVEYED LOTS AT MARBLE RANGE
District Year Quarry Land Area Lot Surveyed Lease Lease File 1284 1970 or 71 22867 294888 640 1285 1970 or 71 - - 640 2203 1972 331889 294895 640 4585 probably 1972 part of 331889(?) - -
Quarrying leases for both Lot 1284 and Lot 2203 were issued under the Land Act. The date of the lease on Lot 2203 is February 2, 1973; while the date of the lease on lot 1284 is not known. Based on a telephone conversation with Heather West of the Crown Lands Department of the Government of British Columbia, Halferdahl (1992) indicated
“Heather West was unable to provide tenure records for District Lots 1285 and 4585; apparently none exist. Although asked, David Bacon of the Kamloops Regional Land Office did not provide any information on District Lots 1284, 1285, 2203, nor 4585. As Districts Lots 1284, 1285, 2203, 4585 cover mostly limestone on the First and Second Ridges of the Marble Range it is reasonable to assume that all four were surveyed for their limestone potential, not ranching nor other purposes.” Instead of keeping the limestone rights to District Lots 1284 and 2203 under the Land Act, Mr. Taylor-Smith arranged for the Columbia Lime deposit and surrounding ground to be staked under 7 the Mineral Tenure Act as mineral claims Mary 1, Stag 1 and 2, and William 1 in September and November, 1989. His company, B.M.C. Lime Derivatives Ltd. and the four claims were sold to Continental Lime Ltd. in 1992. Claims Mar 1-75, 78-86, and 88-95 were staked between May and August, 1992 by Continental Lime Ltd. to cover the extensions to the limestone occurrences at Columbia Lime Ridge. Claims Mar 32 to 35 were allowed to lapse on their anniversary date in 1993. In August 1993, four additional 4-post claims, Mar 104, and 110 to 112, were staked for B.M.C. Lime Derivatives Ltd. In September 1993, 83 of the original two-post claims were abandoned and restaked in 1993 under Sections 32 and 33 of the Mineral Tenure Act, with the current claims listed in Table 1.1. Claims Stag 3 to 5 were added in 1996, and Stag 9 to 11 in 2001. 1.3.3 Exploration by Graymont Western Canada Inc. In 1992, geological crews collected 557 samples of limestone, each chipped across lengths from 2 to 15 m, and 20 m or more, with accompanying observations (Halferdahl, 1992). For part of this work, the crews occupied alpine camps near the top of Second Ridge for 19 days in July and August. These crews were serviced by helicopter, which was also used to reach parts of the First and Second Ridge not easily accessible from the alpine camps. The crews were based in a motel in Clinton for the rest of the work. In 1993, geological crews collected 444 similar samples with particular attention paid to the South Porcupine and Columbia Lime ridges (Faragher and Halferdahl, 1993). The crews were based in a motel in Clinton, with helicopters used sparingly. In 1994, access trails to future drill sites were flagged on the west flank of South Porcupine Ridge and at the bulge on the west side of Columbia Lime Ridge (Dahrouge and Halferdahl, 1994). Parts of Porcupine Creek Road to Columbia Lime Ridge were rehabilitated. Four samples of limestone were collected from Unit C6 limestone on the southwest flank of Columbia Lime Ridge. In 1996, the Porcupine Creek Road was improved and the southwestern fork extended to the west and northwest for about 1.8 km (Dahrouge and Halferdahl, 1996). Thirty-six samples were collected to follow-up Unit C6 outcrops on the west flank of Columbia Lime, and some additional samples were collected from South Porcupine Ridge. The drill program contemplated and planned in 1994 and 1996 was not conducted, in part due to the many delays experienced during the permitting process with B.C. Mines and the B.C. Forest Service. Initial application for the construction access trails and preparation of drill sites was made on January 20, 1994; final approval for the work was received on May 10, 1996. 8
The 1997 exploration focussed on the northern part of the Kelly Lake Property, primarily due to claim grouping regulations requiring assessment expenditures there. During 1997, a total of 116 chip samples were collected from Mount Bowman and Ewe Ridge. In 1999, additional sampling and mapping was conducted at two locations with little prior exploration: Ewe Ridge and those parts of First Ridge north of Dome Mountain. In 2001 and 2003, detailed mapping and sampling was conducted along the northern parts of First Ridge. The 2003 exploration followed-up on the 2001 exploration, but was also conducted at various locations along First and Second ridges, primarily to gather additional information on structure and locations with secondary dolomite and silica. In 2005, further mapping and sampling was conducted along previously under-explored parts of First Ridge, mainly along Columbia Lime Ridge and South Porcupine Ridge.
1.4 PURPOSE OF WORK The work described herein was undertaken to accurately identify the location and extent of limestone units throughout the Kelly Lake Property. Mapping concentrated on limestone-schist contacts in order to determine the structural relationship between the massive limestone outcrops and the separating and surrounding fine-grained schist. Secondary objectives were to map out potential drill sites and access routes.
1.5 SUMMARY OF WORK In July 2010, Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. and Graymont Western Canada Inc., conducted geologic mapping and sampling on the Kelly Lake limestone deposits. An effort was also made to identify potential sites and access routes for future diamond drilling. A total of 75 limestone intervals were examined and sampled at more than 30 locations within the Kelly Lake Property (Fig. 1.3). Samples were collected by chipping outcrops perpendicular to defined or assumed bedding. Bedding was commonly difficult to identify due to the indescript and cryptocrystalline nature of the limestone. Where bedding was uncertain or had been obscured by structure, stratigraphic thicknesses were calculated using the best estimated orientation from adjacent units. Where more than one bedding orientation was measured, the mean orientation was used. Geological observations were recorded, including lithologic information, measurements of structural elements, and other pertinent details (Appendix 4). A solution of 6% HCl was used to 9 assess carbonate quality in the field. Samples were shipped to Graymont’s lab in Salt Lake City, Utah for preparation and analyses by standard ICP techniques, and LOI. Analytical procedures are described in Appendix 2 and assay sheets are provided in Appendix 3. Field maps were completed on 1:5,000 and 1:10,000 scale map sheets and concentrated on several areas throughout the Kelly Lake Property, from Trail Mountain in the north to Columbia Lime Ridge in the south. Personnel were based in a motel in Clinton. Access to and from the property was by a rented four-wheel-drive vehicle. Access throughout the properties was by SUV where possible, and by extensive hiking where necessary. Notes were compiled regarding potential drill sites and access, as the status of some of the roads/trails on the property was unknown.
2. REGIONAL GEOLOGY
The Kelly Lake limestone deposits are part of the Marble Canyon Formation (Duffel and McTaggart, 1952) of the upper Cache Creek Group, with the type area at Mount Soues near the southern boundary of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits (Trettin, 1980). The Cache Creek Group is a structurally complex assemblage widely exposed in the Intermontane Belt between the Yukon border and latitude 50°N (Monger, 1977). Although the Cache Creek Group is considered of paramount importance for the tectonic history of the Canadian Cordillera, little is known about its internal stratigraphy and possible correlations. The Cache Creek Group is considered a distinct terrane amalgamated and accreted with the Stikinia, Quesnellia and Slide Mountain terranes to form the Intermontane Superterrane (Monger et al., 1994). Rocks of the Intermontane Superterrane are rarely metamorphosed as high as greenschist facies. Flat-lying Tertiary volcanic rocks overlie the terranes and basins, resulting in widespread, uniformly low relief in the southern part of the belt. The Intermontane Superterrane is traversed by northwesterly trending Late Cretaceous and Tertiary dextral strike-slip faults. Within the Clinton - Cache Creek area of southwestern British Columbia, the Cache Creek Group is divisible into three northwesterly trending belts with both lithological and physiographical variation (Trettin, 1980; Fig. 2.1). These include an eastern belt of volcanic rocks, limestone, chert and pelite with minor ultramafic rocks; a central belt that comprises Marble Range and is characterized by ridge-forming limestone with poor exposures of schist and chert; a western belt, as interpreted by Trettin (1980), consists of two divisions: Division 1 is mainly chert and pelite with 10 lesser limestone and volcanic rock, while Division 2 is mainly volcanic rocks with lesser chert, pelite, conglomerate and limestone. Within the central belt, strata of the Marble Canyon Formation extend from Cornwall Hills in the south (west of Ashcroft Manor) through the Marble Canyon, past Pavilion Mountain to the Marble Range and Jesmond in the north. The Marble Canyon Formation has been considered to be Mid to Upper Permian based on the presence of Fusulinaceas (Trettin, 1980). However, studies of conodonts by Orchard (1981), Orchard and Beyers (1988), and Beyers and Orchard (1989) show that portions of the formation are Early Triassic, specifically strata at Cornwall Hills, on the north side of Marble Canyon beside Pavilion Lake, on Pavilion Mountain, and in the upper part of a section near Jesmond. Byers and Orchard (1989) note that some of the conodonts at Jesmond and Porcupine Creek have features characteristic of both the youngest Permian and the oldest Triassic forms. Biostratigraphical data include Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) conodonts of North American affiliation in the eastern belt, Early Triassic conodonts and Middle Triassic radiolarians in Marble Canyon Formation of the central belt, and Late Triassic conodonts elsewhere in the Cache Creek Terrane. The section near Jesmond (Orchard and Beyers, 1988) consists of lower and upper sequences separated by a covered interval. In the lower sequence, 35 m of poorly bedded, partially silicified, dark-grey limestone is present, in which small disarticulated crinoid stems are the only macro fossils. The sequence contains conodonts, which suggest a very young Permian age. The upper sequence near Jesmond (Orchard and Beyers, 1988) consists of 84 m of almost flat-lying, generally well-bedded, pale-grey to white-weathering, recrystallized, micritic limestone. Some beds include algal laminates. The lower part of this sequence contains conodonts tentatively referred to as Ellisonia, a genus that ranges through both Permian and Triassic strata. Higher strata contain species Neospathodus of Early Triassic age. Very few limestone outcrops examined at Marble Range have bedding as easily recognizeable as that in the upper sequence near Jesmond (Beyers and Orchard, 1989). Beyers and Orchard (1989) do not give precise locations where they obtained the samples along Porcupine Creek that yielded the conodonts they studied. 11
3. PROPERTY GEOLOGY
Trettin (1980) recorded five successive lithological units in the Marble Range area; Unit 1 is comprised of partially metamorphosed basalt, underlain by thin carbonate and chert units; Units 2 and 4 consist of limestone with variable dolomite; and units 3 and 5 are non-carbonate types comprising schist and chert. Map Unit 1, the lowest map unit underlies the Marble Canyon Formation. Trettin (1980) mapped it along the southern flanks of Mount Soues about 2 km east of Quill Ridge, along Fifty-Seven Creek Anticline and at other locations within the eastern part of Marble Range. Trettin's (1980) Map Unit 1 includes 6 m of chert at the base, about 7 m of limestone, and about 139 m of volcanics at the top. The volcanics consist primarily of dark greenish-grey massive basalts that weather brownish-grey. Carbonate Map Unit 2, the Cherty Limestone Unit, outcrops east of First and Second ridges, at Mount Soues and elsewhere within the eastern part of Marble Range (Trettin, 1980). On the south slope of Mount Soues it is about 75 m thick and consists primarily of well-bedded dolostone or marble, with thin interbeds, lenses and stringers of chert. The lower 10 m of the section is partly brecciated and recrystallized. Map Unit 3 is the recessive noncarbonate unit underlying the massive limestones at First and Second ridges (Trettin, 1980). It is composed of lithic arenite, siltstone, chert, volcanic flows, and limestone. Although the true thickness is difficult to determine due to the complex structure of the area, the unit is approximately 90 m thick at the southern end of Quill Ridge. The middle part of the section contains about 38 m of (Trettin, 1980; p.5)
"angular to subrounded fragments of chert, cherty limestone, and limestone."
Carbonate Map Unit 4 is the dominate, cliff-forming, massive limestone unit at First and Second ridges (Trettin, 1980). Due to obscurity of bedding and complex structure, the thickness of the unit is uncertain. Trettin's measured sections vary from 37 to 253 m. Trettin (1980) suggested carbonate map units 2 and 4 may be structural repeats due to a postulated thrust fold, and compositional variability within these units may be related to lateral facies variation. Pana and Dahrouge (1999) found little evidence to support facies variation within
Marble Range and suggested local variations in SiO23 and MgCO were secondary, associated with northwest trending structures, or shearing, along the southwestern side of Marble Range. 12
Halferdahl (1992) disagreed with Trettin's (1980) correlation of the massive limestones on First and Second ridges and divided his Map Unit 4 into two carbonate units: C2 for Second Ridge and C4 for First Ridge (Table 3.1). Halferdahl (1992, p. 10) indicated that
"Trettin (1980) correlated the massive limestones on the First and Second Ridges in the same map unit on the basis of his interpretation of the same structure .... the writer does not agree with Trettin's interpretation ..."
As discussed in a previous assessment report by Pana and Dahrouge (1999, p.8),
"for practical reasons, and in the absence of convincing evidence for Trettin's stratigraphic and tectonic interpretation, Dahrouge and Halferdahl (1996) labelled the northwest trending bands of carbonate and noncarbonate units from 1 to 9 starting from Trettin's unit 3 in a southwesterly direction towards Jesmond Road. The succession is the result of tectonism and numbered map units do not imply any stratigraphic connotation."
In many places, uniform depositional conditions and subsequent tectonics have rendered bedding difficult to recognize in limestone lithologies of First and Second ridges. Cleavages are easily confused with bedding. The absence of readily recognizeable marker horizons also hinders stratigraphical and structural analysis. Despite the foregoing, it is now believed that Halferdahl's (1992) noncarbonate map units N1, N3 and N5 are correlatable, and carbonate map units C2 and C4 on First and Second ridges are the same limestone unit dismembered by major northwest trending shear zones. As descriptions of lithology are in provided in previous reports (Halferdahl, 1992; Faragher and Halferdahl, 1993; Dahrouge and Halferdahl, 1996; Dahrouge and Pana, 1999; Dahrouge and Tanton, 2005), only descriptions of the stratigraphy observed during the 2010 program are provided herein. 13
TABLE 3.1 LITHOLOGIC UNITS OF MARBLE RANGE
Trettin (1980)12Halferdahl (1992) Formation Lithostratigraphic Thick. Lithotectonic Estimated Unit Unit2 Thick. (m) - 5 (?) - -
D thin 4 37 to 253+ N9 not known C8 < 86(?) N7 ~17 C6 ~15 Marble N5 not known Canyon C4 > 280 N3 311 + 3 ~90(?) } C2 330 (?) N1 not known
2 >75 - - - 1 >152 - - 1 Modified after Trettin (1980). 2 Lithologic divisions are those of Halferdahl (1992) and Dahrouge and Halferdahl (1996).
3.1 STRATIGRAPHY 3.1.1 Unit C2 Carbonate Map Unit C2 is the main limestone unit that outcrops as a 19 km long and up to 3 km wide band of limestone in the northwest trending “Second Ridge” and “Third Ridge” of Marble Range. Unit C2 was examined at three locations along Second Ridge in 2010, along the southern and central parts of Second Ridge in 1992 and in 2003 (Halferdahl, 1992; Dahrouge, 2003), and at Mount Bowman and Ewe Ridge in the north during 1997 and 1999 (Pana and Halferdahl, 1997; Pana and Dahrouge, 1999). Using photogrammetric studies, Trettin (1980) estimated the stratigraphic thickness of Unit C2 (his Map Unit 4) at 253 m or more. Based on sampled sections at Mount Bowman, Faragher and Halferdahl (1993) and Pana and Halferdahl (1997) found it to be at least 303 m and 330 m thick. Along the lowermost western flank of Second Ridge near the confluence of Steady and Porcupine creeks, Unit C2 is a massive, light-grey to mottled, crypto- to microcrystalline, partially recrystallized limestone (Appendix 4; Fig. 1.3; Section 2010-10). The limestone is often fractured and brecciated proximal to the cross-cutting faults and displays a pervasive reddish-orange stain. The massive nature of the limestone prevented bedding from being definitively identified. As elsewhere, cleavages are easily confused with bedding. Further north along the lowermost western flank of Second Ridge, across from Dome Mountain, Unit C2 has been almost completely replaced by dolomite (Appendix 4; Fig. 1.3; Section 2010-06). 14
At this particular location it is typically massive, mottled light to dark brownish grey, cryptocrystalline dolomite. The microfractures and crystalline textures present in these outcrops suggest that the dolomite is secondary. Further north still, across from Bobcat Ridge, Unit C2 consists of massive, light- to medium- grey cryptocrystalline limestone that often displays pervasive rusty staining (Appendix 4; Fig. 1.3; Section 2010-09). At Mount Bowman, the lithology and stratigraphy of Unit C2 is similar to that found to the south along Second Ridge. At Ewe Ridge, Pana and Dahrouge (1999; p.9) describe Unit C2 as “At Ewe Ridge, bed thicknesses range from less than ¼ m to 2 m. The limestone is generally foliated, recrystallized, and hard with light-grey weathered surfaces, and medium- to dark-grey or brownish-grey fresh surfaces. In general the limestone breaks into decimetre-size plates along closely spaced foliation surfaces and joints. Rarely, foliation is less penetrative and clear bedding surfaces or sedimentary laminae can be observed, mostly along the ridge crest. Bedding surfaces dip shallower than 40° easterly to northeasterly. In a few places, brown-stain or rusty patches are evident. Grain sizes vary from very fine to coarse. Some of the very fine grained beds contain coarse calcite crystals either as clusters or disseminations. Along the crest of Ewe Ridge are abundant white recrystallized fossils; which suggests that white patches within foliated limestone may represent flattened fossils. Centimetre-size veins or thin veinlets of secondary white calcite are common throughout the limestone unit and indicate local pervasive weathering and carbonate dissolution.
At two locations, along the crest of Ewe Ridge, the limestone is invaded by a network of randomly oriented quartz veins over areas of approximately 10 m by 10 m. The largest veins appear to seal foliation (c. 140°/75°SW) and joint planes (c. 60°/87°SE).” 3.1.2 Unit C4 Carbonate Map Unit C4 is the main limestone unit that outcrops as an approximately 13 km long and up to 1½ km wide band of limestone in the northwest trending “First Ridge” of Marble Range. The entire length of Unit C4 was examined in 1992 and 1993 (Halferdahl, 1992 and 1993), with a particular focus on the northeastern extension of First Ridge during 1999 and 2001 (Pana and Dahrouge, 1999; Fraser and Dahrouge, 2002). Based upon a review of Wahl’s (1973) drilling, Halferdahl (1992) estimated the maximum thickness of about 324+ m at the Columbia Lime Deposit, as follows: 15
Zone A Strata stratigraphically above (but topographically below) those in DDH 3-73 52.1 m Strata drilled by DDH 3-73 102.3 Overlap of strata in DDH 3-73 and 4-73 (10.2) Strata drilled by DDH 4-73 102.3 Total Stratigraphic thickness 219.5 m 219.5 m Zone B Strata drilled by DDH 1-73 43.8 m Strata drilled by DDH 5-73 46.5 Average Stratigraphic thickness 45.2 Zone C Strata drilled by DDH 5-73 (bottom not reached) 59.7 m Total Stratigraphic thickness 59.7 + Total Zones A, B and C 324.4 +
Halferdahl’s (1992) sample section C-3 suggests a maximum stratigraphic thickness of about 350 m for Unit C4. Of this thickness, approximately 220 m of Zone A are of a very high quality (Wahl, 1973; Halferdahl, 1992), the underlying Zone B also of a very good quality is less pure, and locally the lowermost Zone A contains appreciable dolomite. To the south, Zone A may thin to about 150 m at South Porcupine Ridge (Halferdahl, 1993); to the north it appears to pinch out just south of Dome Mountain. Section 99-17 on Buff Ridge, north of Dome Mountain, is over 300 m apparent thickness; however, it contains appreciable dolomite (Pana and Dahrouge, 1999). Some thicknesses for Unit C4 limestone obtained in 1992 (Halferdahl) follow:
Location Estimated Stratigraphic Thickness (m) Columbia Lime* 324+ B-6: Koshead Creek* 310+ C-3: Indecision Creek* 332+ 99-17: North of Dome Mtn.° 300+ * Halferdahl (1993) ° Pana and Dahrouge (1999)
Lithologically, units C4 and C2 are nearly identical. South of Dome Mountain, Unit C4 limestone is predominately a massive, grey-buff or grey, crypto- to microcrystalline limestone. At Dome Mountain and (Pana and Dahrouge, 1999; p. 11)
“Along the northwestern extension of First Ridge, bed thicknesses range from less than ¼ m to a few metres. Limestone is generally foliated, recrystallized, and hard with light-grey weathered surfaces, and medium- to dark-grey or brownish-grey fresh surfaces. Abundant dolomitization is evident, presumably secondary. Clear bedding surfaces or sedimentary laminae are rare. Near the northwestern end of First Ridge,...between sections 99-10 and 99-11, an outcrop of limy shale exhibits definitive bedding surfaces at approximately 002°/46° easterly.” 16
The 2010 and past exploration programs clearly demonstrate that at least some of the dolomitization and silica along the northern part of First Ridge and elsewhere, is structurally controlled. Near the northwest end of First Ridge, at Indecision Ridge, elevated concentrations of
MgCO3 are associated with highly brecciated, fragmental dolomitic limestones (Dahrouge, 2004). Along the northeast side of South Porcupine Ridge, the lower parts of limestone sections consist of buff-grey, sheared, dolomitic limestone, with up to 2¼ percent SiO2 (Dahrouge, 2004). On the southeast side of Columbia Lime Ridge, sheared and brecciated limestones are transected by a few quartz stringers and veinlets. Faragher and Halferdahl (1993) noted similar occurrences along the south side of Dome Mountain at their Section B-33. North of Dome Mountain, along the northern extension of First Ridge, the frequency and intensity of secondary dolomitization and silicification increases.
3.2 STRUCTURE A significant amount of structural data has been collected from limestone units exposed on First, Second and Third ridges of Marble Range. Where unequivocally determined, original bedding planes (S02 ) are generally shallow dipping, and fracture cleavages or joints (S ) are generally subvertical. Although bedding planes are difficult to recognize in the massive limestone lithologies, the geologic significance of many of the planar structural elements measured at the outcrop scale can be deciphered at the scale of the area investigated. The regional structural trend is northwesterly, the limestone units stretched along this trend within a generally fine-grained schist matrix. Statistical analysis of planar structural elements measured on First and Second ridges record a complex pattern of deformation (Fraser and Dahrouge, 2002). At the scale of the entire Marble Range, a large volume of steep to near vertical planes are interpreted as fracture cleavage related to a wide northwesterly trending zone of strain concentration located along the southwest flank of Marble Range. Supporting evidence includes outcrops of highly strained rocks observed along Porcupine Creek Road, Jesmond Quarry and elsewhere. A lineament of low relief and recessive lithologies appears to correspond to this zone of strain for tens of kilometres. At First and Second ridges, the limestone units are weakly to tightly folded, and may represent subordinate anticlines within the western limb of Trettin's (1980) Forty-Two Creek Anticlinorium. According to Pana and Halferdahl (1997; p. 11) 17
"The interference of two sets of shearing planes - cleavages and joints - suggests the development of a complex pattern of superposed folds. The axes of the main folds parallel the general northwesterly trend of the Marble Range whilst the second set of folds is almost transverse. It consists of folds with a wavelength between 300 and 500 m. In one scenario, the limestone unit exposed in Mount Bowman is a dome structure with the main peak corresponding to the dome apex and a core consisting of the underlying schist unit."
It is apparent that limestone units C2 and C4 on First and Second ridges, are the same limestone unit dismembered by a major northwest trending shear zone. In some instances, the faults which cut the main limestone units at Marble Range contain appreciable concentrations of secondary dolomite or quartz. 3.2.1 Early Thrust Faults Campbell and Tipper (1971) identified a southwest directed thrust fault at Mount Kerr, north of Marble Range. Although little direct evidence is available for this fault within the vicinity of Marble Range, Trettin (1980) extended it southerly and indicated minimum dimensions for the presumed thrust sheet of 16.5 by 4.3 km. The thrust fault is situated within noncarbonate strata near the base of the Marble Canyon Formation. Under this scenario, Trettin's (1980) map units 4 and 5 may be structural repeats of units 2 and 3. Trettin's (1980) evidence for the thrust fault includes the anomalously low dips of Units C2 and C4, north of South Porcupine Creek. Halferdahl's (1992) observations of volcanics at the southeast end of Second Ridge and within claim Mar 1 (Jesmond Quarry), may also lend support to a thrust fault along Marble Range. In contrast to Halferdahl's observations at Jesmond Quarry, McCammon (1971) noted the limestones to be highly cataclastic and related to a number of near vertical, northwest trending faults. Despite the foregoing, there is no structural evidence for thrust tectonics; instead, kinematic indicators show significant transcurrent strain in both carbonate and noncarbonate units. Map units parallel shear planes and original stratigraphy has been strongly altered. 3.2.2 Other Faults Marble Range is crosscut by numerous faults. Linear zones, a few metres wide, of closely spaced fracture cleavage, are marked by small troughs or steep cliff walls in the limestone units and can be followed along strike for several hundred metres parallel to the limestone ridges. The relative displacement along these zones of strain concentration in the limestone units cannot be estimated in the absence of any reliable lithostratigraphic marker. Since no stretching lineations have been observed, displacement probably does not exceed a few metres. Similarly oriented faults have been measured in non-carbonate units N3 and N5 along Porcupine Creek and Jesmond 18
Road where the kinematic indicators are consistent with strike-slip displacement. This main trend of shearing is at approximately 135° and can also be traced along First Ridge as ridge crest faults north of Dome Mountain. These ridge top faults show no displacement and are only identified by linear silica flooding and dolomitization patterns seen once the sections are mapped. On First Ridge, these northwest trending faults are truncated by a second fault system that has an orientation of 110°. Offset of these faults is also indistinguishable; an exception to this is in the area of Rourke Creek where the ridge has been offset by approximately 200 metres of dextral movement. This second set of faults do not cross from First to Second Ridge and can be interpreted as being formed in response to the shearing between the two ridges. As with the northwest trending faults, these faults are assumed by linear MgCO3 trends. The silica flooding along this fault trend is restricted to the intersections with the northwest faults.
4. RESULTS OF 2010 EXPLORATION
The exploration program was conducted in order to further assess the limestone quality of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits and provide more constraint on geologic contacts with the schist units in the area. Time was also spent identifying potential drill sites for a future drill program. The groundwork involved mapping and sampling several under-explored areas, such as along Bobcat and Indecision ridges, the east flank of First Ridge and the west flank of Second Ridge. In total, limestone outcrops were examined and sampled at 30 locations, including several outcrops that had not been identified during previous mapping programs (Fig. 1.3). Based on the discovery of new limestone outcrops, the geologic map of the property was revised. Attempts were made to gather more structural information on the deposit, however the lack of reliable bedding surfaces continues to complicate the structural understanding of the deposit. During the program, geological observations were recorded, including lithologic information, measurements of structural elements, and other pertinent details (Appendix 4). A solution of 6% HCl was used to assess carbonate quality in the field. In some instances, interval thicknesses were determined by measuring outcrops perpendicular to bedding, where it could be identified. In many cases the interval thickness can only be considered approximate at best due to the lack of reliable bedding surfaces. All samples from the 2010 program were shipped to Graymont’s lab in Salt Lake City, Utah for preparation and analyses by standard ICP techniques, and LOI (Appendices 2 and 3). Overall, exploration of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits continues to return substantial thicknesses of high- quality limestone, although intervals of dolomite and silicified limestone were also encountered in 19
2010 (Appendix 4). The majority of the poor quality limestones, including highly silicified limestones, were located along the extreme western edge of the deposit (Fig. 1.3). The dolostone interval (Section 2010-06) was located on the lowermost western flank of Second Ridge just above
Steady Creek; it averaged 38.54% MgCO32 and 1.33% SiO over an estimated 30 metres. The most significant interval of high-quality limestone examined in 2010 was Section 2010-10. It was located along the lowermost western flank of second ridge near the confluence of Steady Creek and Porcupine Creek and averaged 97.80% CaCO33 , 1.07% MgCO and 0.39% SiO 2 over an estimated 50 metres. Section 2010-09, located along the lowermost western flank of Second
Ridge across from Bobcat Ridge, was also significant; it averaged 98.06% CaCO33 , 0.98% MgCO and 0.41% SiO2 over an estimated 25 metres.
5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Within the Kelly Lake Property, limestones of the Triassic (or Permian) Marble Canyon Formation were mapped and tested by measuring and sampling stratigraphic sections. Several new outcrops of limestone were discovered and mapped, largely as a result of better exposure after a forest fire in the area the previous year. A total of 99 samples were collected, primarily from Unit C2 along the western flank of Second Ridge and Unit C4 along the northwest flank of Trail Mountain, the eastern flank of Dome Mountain, and along First, Indecision, and Bobcat ridges. The low-quality intervals of limestone examined near the northwest end of Flathead Ridge likely belong to Unit C6. The strongly dolomitic intervals examined in 2010 likely belong to a (secondary) dolomite interval within Unit C2. Samples collected from Unit C4 tend to be of very high-quality, generally averaging in excess of 97% CaCO3 over substantial thicknesses. Results from Unit C4 in the northern part of the property (along Trail Mountain, First Ridge, Indecision Ridge and Bobcat Ridge) tend to be significantly poorer in quality than along southern exposures of Unit C4 along Dome Mountain, Columbia Lime Ridge, and South Porcupine Ridge. This observation supports the theory of previous authors that the limestone quality near the northwestern end of First Ridge is affected by structure. Units N2 and N5 were not examined in 2010. The structural geology of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits remains somewhat unclear. Information collected in 2010 appears to support the model proposed by Pana and Dahrouge (1999) rather than the earlier models of Halferdahl (1992) and Trettin (1980); however, drill hole data would likely provide the most conclusive evidence.
21
6. REFERENCES
Beyers, J. and Orchard, M.J. (1989) Permian-Triassic boundary beds in the Cache Creek Group, Marble Range, near Jesmond, British Columbia; Geol. Surv. Can., Paper 89-1E, p. 127-132.
Campbell, R.B. and Tipper, H.W. (1971) Geology of the Bonaparte Lake map area, B.C.; Geol. Surv. Can. Mem. 363, p.23-29, 79-81 and accompanying map 1278A.
Dahrouge, J. (2004) 2003 Geologic Mapping and Sampling of the Kelly Lake Limestone Deposits, Marble Range; B.C. Min. Energy Mines, Ass. Rpt. 27378, 13 p., 8 fig., 5 appendices.
Dahrouge, J. and Halferdahl, L.B. (1994) Flagging access trails, road improvements, and geology in 1994 on the Kelly Lake limestone deposits, Marble Range, west of Clinton, British Columbia; B.C. Min. Energy Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 23606, 7 p., 12 fig., 6 appendices.
Dahrouge, J. and Halferdahl, L.B. (1996) Construction of access trail, road improvements, and geologic mapping on the Kelly Lake limestone deposits, Marble Range, west of Clinton, British Columbia; B.C. Min. Energy Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 24715, 14 p., 10 fig., 8 appendices.
Dahrouge, J. and Tanton, J.. (2006) 2005 Geologic Mapping of the Kelly Lake Limestone Deposits, Marble Range; B.C. Min. Energy Mines, Ass. Rpt. 28152, 23 p., 5 fig., 3 appendices.
Dawson, G.M. (1895) Report on the area of the Kamloops map-sheet; Geol. Surv.Can. Ann. Rept. for 1894, new series, vol. VII, pt. B, p. 37B, 39B-40B, 92B, 95B , 313B, 346B, map 557.
Duffel and McTaggart, (1952) Ashcroft Map-Area, British Columbia, Geol. Surv. Can. Mem. 262.
Faragher, T., and Halferdahl, L.B. (1993) Geology and sampling in 1993 of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits, Marble Range, west of Clinton, British Columbia; B.C. Min. Energy, Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 23224, 19 p., 13 fig., 9 appendices.
Fishl, P (1992) Limestone and dolomite resources of British Columbia; B.C. Min. Energy, Mines Petr. Res., Min. Res. Div., Geol. Surv. Branch, Open File 1992-18.
Fraser, S. and Dahrouge, J. (2002) 2001 Geologic Mapping and Sampling of The Kelly Lake limestone deposits, Marble Range, west of Clinton, British Columbia; B.C. Min. Energy Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 26814, 12 p., 8 fig., 4 appendices.
Goudge, M. F. (1945) Limestones of Canada, their occurrence and characteristics, Part V, Western Canada; Can. Dept. Mines Res., Bur. Mines No. 811, p. 114-117.
Halferdahl, L.B. (1992) Geology and sampling of the Kelly Lake limestone deposits, Marble Range, west of Clinton, British Columbia; B.C. Min. Energy, Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 22715, 22 p., 8 fig., 18 appendices. 22
Halferdhal, L.B. (1993) Comments on the Kelly Lake Limestone Deposits; private report to Continental Lime Ltd. dated 1993-11-03; by Halferdahl & Associates Ltd., 3 p.
McCammon, J.W. (1959) Limestone deposits of the Ashcroft-Clinton area; B.C. Min. Mines Ann. Rept. For 1958, p. 90-93.
McCammon, J.W. (1968) Sharan Quarry; B.C. Min. Mines Ann. Rept. For 1967, p. 309.
McCammon, J.W.(1971) Jesmond Limestone Corporation Quarry in Geology, Exploration and Mining in British Columbia 1970; B.C. Dept. Mines Petr. Res., p. 501-502.
Monger, J.W.H. (1977) Upper Paleozoic rocks of the western Canadian Cordillera and their bearing on Cordilleran evolution; Can. J. Earth Sci., v. 14, p. 1832-1859.
Monger, J.W.H., Clowes, R.M., Cowan, D.S., Potter, C.J., Price, R.A., and Yorath, C.J. (1994) Continent-ocean transitions in western North America between latitudes 46 and 56 degrees: Transects B1, B2, B3, pp. 357-397. In Phanerozoic Evolution of the North American Continent- Ocean Transitions, Edited by Speed, R.C., Geological Society of America, DNAG, Continent- Ocean Transect volume (not consulted).
Orchard, M.J. (1981) Triassic conodonts from the Cache Creek Group, Marble Canyon, south British Columbia in Current Research, Part A, Geol. Surv. Can. Paper 81-1A, p. 357-359.
Orchard, M.J. and Beyers, J. (1988) Conodont biostratigraphy of the Cache Creek Group in the Marble Range of south-central British Columbia; Geol. Surv. Can., Paper 88-1E, p. 159-162.
Panã, D., and Halferdahl, L.B. (1997) 1997 Geologic Mapping and sampling of the Kelly Lake Limestone Deposits, Marble Range, West of Clinton, British Columbia, B.C. Min. Energy, Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 25212, 10 p., 5 fig., 4 appendices.
Panã, D., and Halferdahl, L.B. (1999) Geologic Mapping and sampling of the Kelly Lake Limestone Deposits, Marble Range, West of Clinton, British Columbia, B.C. Min. Energy, Mines Petr. Res., Ass. Rpt. 26067, 17 p., 6 fig., 5 appendices.
Rourke, T.A. (1971) Report on the Jesmond Limestone Project of Malibu Metals Ltd. (N.P.L.), Lillooet land District, Clinton Mining Division, unpublished company report.
Selwyn, A.R.C. (1872) Journal and report of preliminary explorations in British Columbia; Geol. Surv. Can., Rpt. of Progress for 1871-72, p. 16-72.
Tipper, H.W. (1965) Bonaparte River (west Half) map-area; Geol. Surv. Can. Paper 64-1, p. 26.
Tipper, H.W. (1966a) Bonaparte River west half (92 P W ½) map area; Geol.Surv.Can. Paper 65- 1,p. 71-75.
Tipper, H.W. (1966b) Bonaparte River (west half); Geol. Surv. Can. Paper 66-1, p.94. 23
Trettin, H.P. (1961) Geology of the Fraser River Valley between Lillooet and Big Bar Creek; B.C. Dept. Mines Petr. Res., Bull. 44, p. 13-19.
Trettin, H.P. (1965) Stratigraphic and palaeontological studies in the Marble Range (92 P/4): Geol. Surv. Can., Paper 65-1, p. 76.
Trettin, H.P. (1966) Stratigraphy, carbonate petrography, and structure of the Marble Canyon Formation (Permian) in the Marble Range, Cariboo District; Geol. Surv. Can., Paper 66-1, p.98- 101.
Trettin, H.P. (1968) Stratigraphy and structure of the Marble Canyon Formation in the Marble Range, Clinton area, British Columbia (92 P/4E, W); Geol. Surv. Can., Paper 68-1 Pt.A, p. 220.
Trettin, H. P. (1980) Permian rocks of the Cache Creek Group in the Marble Range, Clinton area, British Columbia; Geol. Surv. Can. Paper 79-17.
Wahl, W.G. (1973) Limestone deposit, lease D.L. 2203, Clinton, British Columbia; unpublished report to Consolidated African Selection Trust Limited, London, England, 84 p., 2 appendices, 6 figures/plates.
Westphal, W.H. (1970) Jesmond Lime Products Operational Plan, unpublished company report (not consulted). F1
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Trans-Canada Highway GRAYMONT WESTERN CANADA INC. Major road Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. Ferry route Edmonton, Alberta CLINTON AREA, BRITISH COLUMBIA International boundary
Provincial boundary Fig. 1.1 Location Map
© 2002. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, Natural Resources Canada. WM 2011.03 F2
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5655000 Edge Hills Provincial Park 5655000 LEIGHWOOD LAKE d Roa on-Clinton ALKALI LAKES ili v a P
KELLY LAKE 5650000 5650000 PEAR LAKE UV97
FRASER RIVER 5645000 5645000
VEASY LAKE 5640000 5640000 VU99
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PAVILION LAKE 5635000 5635000
GALLAGHER LAKES VU
9 9 CROWN LAKE TURQUOISE LAKE [PAVILION LIMESTONE 5630000 5630000
CORNWALL CREEK
HARRY LAKE MCLEAN LAKE
ALEECE LAKE 575000 580000 585000 590000 595000 600000 605000 610000 5625000 Legend GRAYMONT WESTERN CANADA INC. )" Town Parks Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. Kilometres Edmonton, Alberta Major Roads Reservation KELLY LAKE PROPERTY, CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA Railway Mineral Claims 0 4 8 12 16 Fig. 1.2 Creek/Stream Kelly Lake Property 1:200,000 Regional Access Map Lake/River
Coordinate System: UTM NAD83, Zone 10N WM 2011.03 F3 576000 578000 580000 582000 584000 586000 588000
S t ab le C r e e k © 5670000 5670000
MAR 109 321067 5668000 5668000
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Fiftys K ev en o C s re te e r k in g C re ek MAR 113 321068 5666000 5666000
MAR 106 MAR 42 321064 Marble Range Provincial Park 309898 MAR 105 321063
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5664000 o 5664000 n d R WILLIAM 1 o a 208932 d
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STAG 3 346292 5660000 ek 5660000 re C k B y ee arn e Cr STAG 2 pine rcu 208889 Po H d igh Bar Roa
P orc u pi ne C re MAR 102 Edge Hills Provincial Park e k 321062 STAG 5 346300 STAG 4 MAR 101 346299 321061 B u t
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576000 578000 580000 582000 584000 586000 588000 Legend GRAYMONT WESTERN CANADA INC. Highway Mineral Claims Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. Edmonton, Alberta Railways Graymont KELLY LAKE PROPERTY Kilometres NEAR CLINTON, BRITISH COLUMBIA Creeks/Streams Other Lakes Parks 01234 Fig. 1.4 Claim Map Mineral Reserve 1:70,000
Coordinate System: UTM NAD83, Zone 10 North WM 2011.03 A1
APPENDIX 1: ITEMIZED COST STATEMENT FOR THE 2010 EXPLORATION a) Personnel J. Dahrouge, geologist 2.2 days planning and supervision 2.20 days @ 840.00$ $ 1,848.00
P. Kluczny, geologist 10.0 days field work and travel July 20-29 10.0 days project planning & preparations, supervision, reporting 20.00 days @ 590.00$ $ 11,800.00
W. McGuire, draftsman 4.0 days field work and travel July 20-23 5.4 days prepare maps, data entry, compile results 4.00 days @ 575.00$ $ 2,300.00 5.40 days @ 480.00$ $ 2,592.00
W. Miller, geologist 10.0 days field work and travel July 20-29 4.9 days project planning & preparations, reporting 14.90 days @ 470.00$ $ 7,003.00
J. Sandersen, assistant 10.0 days field work and travel July 20-29 4.6 days project planning & preparations, data entry 14.60 days @ 350.00$ $ 5,110.00
K. Krueger, assistant 10.0 days field work and travel July 20-29 5.5 days project planning & preparations, data entry 15.50 days @ 320.00$ $ 4,960.00
L. Bruer, receptionist 1.0 hrs travel arrangements, prepare shipments 1.00 hrs @ 32.00$ $ 32.00 $ 35,613.00
FIELD WORK SUMMARY: Kelly Lake Geological Mapping & Rock Sampling Claims STAG 1-5, 9-11; William 1; Mary 1; Mar 42, 66-69, 101-102, 105-106, 109, 113; 4150 hectares 99 rock samples collected Field Personnel: P. Kluczny, W. Miller, J. Sandersen, K. Krueger
A3
APPENDIX 2: ANALYTICAL LABORATORY INFORMATION AND TECHNIQUES
Name and Address of the Lab:
Graymont Western US Inc., Central Laboratory. 670 East 3900 South, Suite 200 Salt Lake City, Utah, 84107
Statement of Qualifications:
Jared Leikam obtained a B.S. in Chemistry from the University of Utah in the class of 2003. Jared started working for Graymont in February of 2004 and has been working with the ICP Spectrometer for two and a half years, under the direct supervision of Carl Paystrup (Lab Supervisor).
Vonda Stuart obtained a B.S. in Chemistry from Weber State University in 2004. Vonda started with Graymont in August of 2007 and started working in the ICP Lab the following September.
Sample Preparation, Procedures, Reagents, Equipment, etc.:
For the ICP sample preparation, 0.5 grams of the sample is mixed with 3 g of lithium carbonate. The sample and the lithium carbonate are then fused together in a muffle furnace at 850°C. Following the fusion process, the samples are dissolved in 1:1 HCl; a total of 40 mL 1:1 HCl is used in the dissolving process. The samples are then diluted to 200 mL and spiked with 10 ppm Co. Cobalt is used as an internal standard. At this point the samples are ready for analysis on the Perkin Elmer, Optima 7300V.
Mesh Size Fraction, Split and Weight of Sample:
Upon receiving the samples, the prep room technician riffles and then splits the stone down to a manageable size (roughly 200 g). The stone is then dried in an oven at 120ºC. Once the samples have been dried they get pulverized to a -200 mesh size. A split of this pulverized material is then sent for testing in the main part of the lab.
Quality Control Procedures:
The ICP spectrometer is calibrated with two certified reference materials prior to analyzing a batch of samples. A batch typically contains 96 samples. Every 12th sample in a batch is a certified limestone reference sample. In addition to the 8 reference samples imbedded in the batch, there are 2 limestone reference samples analyzed at the beginning and at the end of the batch to ensure the accuracy of our Na and P numbers. Every element being analyzed in a sample is backed up by data from the certified reference materials. We also use an internal standard (10 ppm Co) to further ensure the quality and accuracy of the analysis. A4
APPENDIX 3: ASSAY RESULTS – CENTRAL ANALYTICAL LABORATORY OF GRAYMONT WESTERN U.S. INC
CaO CaCO3 MgO MgCO3 Fe2O3 Al2O3 SrO MnO SiO2 BaO K2O Na2O P2O5 TiO2 Total Date Sample % % % % % % ppm ppm % ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm % 8/19/2010 74851 52.42 93.56 0.13 0.27 0.33 0.29 603 174 4.01 67 278 580 9237 127 99.57 8/19/2010 74852 0.57 1.02 0.02 0.04 0.54 0.11 11 61 22.52 50 280 65 908 26 24.37 8/19/2010 74853 23.21 41.43 0.13 0.27 0.36 0.09 177 184 29.15 28 121 56 4602 42 71.82 8/19/2010 74854 49.45 88.26 4.67 9.77 0.13 0.19 341 59 1.19 185 186 504 542 77 99.72 8/19/2010 74855 52.27 93.29 2.46 5.15 0.15 0.13 333 62 1.10 200 189 351 465 62 99.99 8/19/2010 74856 53.22 94.99 1.73 3.62 0.20 0.07 313 73 0.82 161 113 185 540 57 99.84 8/19/2010 74857 53.29 95.11 1.79 3.74 0.16 0.10 327 68 0.60 165 150 267 1293 37 99.94 8/19/2010 74858 47.32 84.46 6.27 13.12 0.26 0.26 312 74 1.55 126 450 634 1189 139 99.93 8/19/2010 74859 41.14 73.43 10.91 22.82 0.35 0.32 255 94 2.32 165 657 543 781 162 99.50 8/19/2010 74860 45.44 81.10 7.50 15.69 0.34 0.21 314 112 2.36 128 441 330 474 103 99.89 8/19/2010 74861 49.91 89.08 4.06 8.49 0.23 0.16 298 102 1.27 183 311 325 980 71 99.45 8/19/2010 74862 45.71 81.58 6.47 13.54 0.36 0.26 257 119 3.26 201 377 664 569 107 99.23 8/19/2010 74863 41.11 73.37 10.68 22.34 0.38 0.39 241 97 1.61 48 996 205 11668 191 99.43 8/19/2010 74864 51.69 92.26 2.65 5.54 0.26 0.17 340 69 0.97 55 415 100 4390 97 99.75 8/19/2010 74865 54.97 98.11 0.44 0.92 0.22 0.01 247 317 0.19 21 58 57 154 23 99.54 8/19/2010 74866 55.17 98.47 0.29 0.61 0.14 0.01 224 100 0.25 66 34 74 2641 15 99.79 8/19/2010 74867 54.96 98.09 0.48 1.00 0.11 0.07 384 49 0.48 62 154 124 458 42 99.88 8/19/2010 74868 55.34 98.77 0.27 0.56 0.08 0.01 997 40 0.04 29 32 37 195 20 99.60 8/19/2010 74869 55.07 98.29 0.25 0.52 0.05 0.03 1646 33 0.28 49 109 77 1749 35 99.54 8/19/2010 74870 55.08 98.31 0.26 0.54 0.10 0.04 776 57 0.36 37 61 77 296 45 99.48 8/19/2010 74871 55.26 98.63 0.25 0.52 0.11 0.01 903 38 0.05 23 38 49 <100 10 99.42 8/19/2010 74872 55.08 98.31 0.25 0.52 0.10 0.01 1083 31 0.14 22 28 108 181 7 99.23 8/19/2010 74873 55.05 98.25 0.23 0.48 0.13 0.01 1272 41 0.29 26 34 93 450 13 99.36
8/19/2010 74874 55.18 98.49 0.18 0.38 0.08 0.01 1948 32 0.25 23 34 73 <100 15 99.41 A5 8/19/2010 74875 55.26 98.63 0.20 0.42 0.33 0.01 949 91 0.05 24 30 57 <100 16 99.55 8/19/2010 74876 30.99 55.31 19.54 40.88 0.38 0.75 174 125 1.57 154 2042 218 2205 334 99.42 8/19/2010 74877 33.35 59.52 17.99 37.64 0.31 0.56 216 87 1.31 92 1317 372 762 244 99.65 8/19/2010 74878 34.19 61.02 17.54 36.69 0.36 0.39 217 96 1.04 81 970 309 1172 166 99.81 8/19/2010 74879 32.95 58.81 18.61 38.93 0.29 0.40 196 78 1.26 61 426 227 747 201 99.88 8/19/2010 74880 32.79 58.52 19.00 39.75 0.19 0.31 198 56 0.87 55 406 372 820 88 99.84 8/19/2010 74881 31.94 57.01 19.42 40.63 0.27 0.40 185 64 1.39 78 713 327 1328 121 99.98 8/19/2010 74882 32.54 58.08 19.06 39.87 0.20 0.28 200 56 0.79 38 499 419 1331 126 99.49 8/19/2010 74883 31.61 56.42 19.21 40.19 0.39 0.53 183 90 2.03 97 1324 280 1649 189 99.93 8/19/2010 74884 33.51 59.81 18.22 38.12 0.22 0.36 204 53 1.08 55 296 199 854 140 99.77 8/19/2010 74885 34.10 60.86 17.09 35.75 0.30 0.60 221 73 1.73 85 1024 333 663 293 99.51 8/19/2010 74886 33.25 59.34 17.89 37.43 0.35 0.58 225 86 1.55 80 1132 229 902 224 99.54 8/19/2010 74887 52.22 93.20 2.74 5.73 0.19 0.05 411 48 0.37 49 110 130 <100 42 99.62 8/19/2010 74888 51.83 92.51 2.37 4.96 0.11 0.05 409 33 1.69 40 116 129 <100 27 99.39 8/19/2010 74889 55.24 98.59 0.27 0.56 0.12 0.03 632 52 0.35 35 81 70 430 17 99.78 8/19/2010 74890 52.32 93.38 2.07 4.33 0.17 0.13 270 75 1.62 135 157 417 427 39 99.78 8/19/2010 74891 53.63 95.72 0.61 1.28 0.16 0.13 319 33 1.06 68 282 136 7999 58 99.23 8/19/2010 74892 54.06 96.49 0.63 1.32 0.10 0.11 316 23 1.45 56 210 69 2425 35 99.78 8/19/2010 74893 55.22 98.56 0.40 0.84 0.26 0.02 161 77 0.12 13 63 56 116 16 99.84 8/19/2010 74894 54.76 97.74 0.41 0.86 0.27 0.10 171 224 0.77 20 299 77 592 93 99.88 8/19/2010 74895 55.17 98.47 0.31 0.65 0.13 0.07 210 149 0.46 19 223 51 815 51 99.93 8/19/2010 74896 52.25 93.26 1.84 3.85 0.25 0.32 1194 106 1.96 195 622 589 359 272 99.96 8/19/2010 74897 54.19 96.72 0.94 1.97 0.14 0.23 233 48 0.67 39 607 85 753 110 99.92 8/19/2010 74898 54.88 97.95 0.44 0.92 0.15 0.18 400 56 0.61 50 436 97 407 91 99.96 8/19/2010 74899 54.38 97.06 0.65 1.36 0.16 0.21 699 45 0.68 42 519 82 490 112 99.67 CaO CaCO3 MgO MgCO3 Fe2O3 Al2O3 SrO MnO SiO2 BaO K2O Na2O P2O5 TiO2 Total Date Sample % % % % % % ppm ppm % ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm % 8/19/2010 74903 54.42 97.13 0.50 1.05 0.10 0.07 395 83 0.88 57 200 60 2359 39 99.54 8/19/2010 74904 54.93 98.04 0.44 0.92 0.09 0.06 301 45 0.58 39 134 41 2371 29 99.99 8/19/2010 74905 54.79 97.79 0.47 0.98 0.10 0.06 291 34 0.54 36 159 52 852 27 99.61 8/19/2010 74906 54.33 96.97 0.85 1.78 0.11 0.06 241 39 0.79 34 127 98 869 25 99.84 8/19/2010 74907 54.99 98.15 0.50 1.05 0.12 0.04 252 37 0.29 36 138 57 661 25 99.76 8/19/2010 74908 54.95 98.07 0.47 0.98 0.12 0.05 253 40 0.34 36 147 54 947 30 99.72 8/19/2010 74909 54.89 97.97 0.41 0.86 0.06 0.07 390 28 0.70 40 187 65 1411 32 99.87 8/19/2010 74910 55.17 98.47 0.41 0.86 0.05 0.02 258 27 0.16 33 56 42 425 44 99.64 8/19/2010 74911 55.26 98.63 0.47 0.98 0.05 0.02 266 21 0.16 28 73 55 642 24 99.96 8/19/2010 74912 55.18 98.49 0.33 0.69 0.08 0.04 350 25 0.36 32 107 64 1141 28 99.83 8/19/2010 74913 54.89 97.97 0.36 0.75 0.07 0.05 310 21 0.43 32 118 62 2367 29 99.57 8/19/2010 74914 55.08 98.31 0.36 0.75 0.06 0.04 332 25 0.28 36 109 51 874 17 99.58 8/19/2010 74915 55.16 98.45 0.47 0.98 0.05 0.02 305 35 0.16 29 52 41 155 8 99.73 8/19/2010 74916 55.27 98.65 0.26 0.54 0.06 0.04 514 34 0.37 51 76 51 767 24 99.81 8/19/2010 74917 55.10 98.34 0.35 0.73 0.07 0.06 465 29 0.29 55 134 39 1777 65 99.75 8/19/2010 74918 54.88 97.95 0.36 0.75 0.10 0.06 445 62 0.34 47 125 54 2133 55 99.49 8/19/2010 74919 55.31 98.72 0.33 0.69 0.09 0.03 367 23 0.11 32 61 42 296 31 99.72 8/19/2010 74920 55.23 98.57 0.36 0.75 0.09 0.03 339 21 0.21 33 61 43 254 14 99.74 8/19/2010 74921 55.05 98.25 0.37 0.77 0.09 0.02 502 21 0.11 35 43 51 252 20 99.33 8/19/2010 74922 55.30 98.70 0.37 0.77 0.09 0.03 287 21 0.13 35 74 40 474 36 99.82 8/19/2010 74923 54.87 97.93 0.34 0.71 0.06 0.03 361 20 0.73 30 69 39 295 22 99.54 8/19/2010 74924 55.12 98.38 0.36 0.75 0.09 0.05 258 27 0.41 31 120 43 468 26 99.78 8/19/2010 74925 55.12 98.38 0.37 0.77 0.06 0.02 259 20 0.18 28 60 55 224 9 99.48
8/19/2010 74926 55.14 98.41 0.39 0.82 0.08 0.02 277 19 0.09 28 67 42 267 19 99.49 A6 8/19/2010 74927 55.40 98.88 0.34 0.71 0.08 0.03 326 24 0.18 31 79 41 319 26 99.96 8/19/2010 74928 54.85 97.90 0.33 0.69 0.07 0.07 293 26 0.67 32 164 41 914 35 99.55 8/19/2010 74929 54.71 97.65 0.46 0.96 0.13 0.18 455 35 0.71 37 428 60 981 128 99.84 8/19/2010 74930 53.00 94.59 1.59 3.33 0.20 0.31 340 44 1.11 38 714 107 790 176 99.76 8/19/2010 74931 51.59 92.08 2.68 5.61 0.16 0.38 339 43 1.41 41 738 209 957 201 99.89 8/19/2010 74932 53.57 95.61 0.55 1.15 0.23 0.56 420 62 1.24 51 1492 107 2274 314 99.27 8/19/2010 74933 54.16 96.66 0.51 1.07 0.20 0.35 328 57 0.90 49 882 71 1137 180 99.46 8/19/2010 74934 54.10 96.56 0.77 1.61 0.14 0.14 273 57 0.45 40 297 64 3395 78 99.32 8/19/2010 74935 55.36 98.81 0.33 0.69 0.07 0.03 195 62 0.08 25 52 45 755 18 99.79 8/19/2010 74936 55.42 98.91 0.36 0.75 0.05 0.01 247 57 0.03 31 43 44 429 6 99.85 8/19/2010 74937 55.43 98.93 0.30 0.63 0.06 0.02 230 74 0.11 28 46 53 1157 15 99.91 8/19/2010 74938 55.47 99.00 0.30 0.63 0.08 0.02 257 74 0.10 32 47 58 1107 13 99.98 8/19/2010 74939 54.52 97.31 0.49 1.03 0.11 0.15 262 123 0.35 41 407 51 4003 100 99.45 8/19/2010 74940 55.12 98.38 0.35 0.73 0.14 0.03 259 82 0.09 32 68 60 932 17 99.51 8/19/2010 74941 55.14 98.41 0.35 0.73 0.11 0.01 216 116 0.03 28 43 46 1460 19 99.50 8/19/2010 74942 51.61 92.11 2.79 5.84 0.20 0.31 271 57 1.03 21 814 100 979 141 99.73 8/19/2010 74943 52.69 94.04 1.99 4.16 0.11 0.26 281 33 0.90 18 700 82 608 141 99.66 8/19/2010 74944 54.64 97.52 0.36 0.75 0.24 0.36 262 53 0.84 21 833 110 123 182 99.88 8/19/2010 74945 51.22 91.42 3.61 7.55 0.17 0.17 228 54 0.50 15 461 107 810 75 99.98 8/19/2010 74946 53.56 95.59 1.38 2.89 0.11 0.24 326 32 0.80 19 730 94 821 109 99.85 8/19/2010 74947 49.77 88.83 4.26 8.91 0.27 0.26 346 107 0.99 209 199 674 1423 149 99.57 8/19/2010 74948 54.94 98.06 0.43 0.90 0.16 0.17 169 44 0.40 24 428 103 307 69 99.80 8/19/2010 74949 55.22 98.56 0.36 0.75 0.13 0.09 190 34 0.30 22 244 72 191 51 99.91 8/19/2010 74950 54.13 96.61 0.94 1.97 0.13 0.24 270 31 0.54 28 611 105 281 117 99.63 APPENDIX 4: 2010 SAMPLE DESCRIPTIONS AND ASSAY RESULTS FROM KELLY LAKE PROPERTY
Notes: Stratigraphic thicknesses are based on measured attitudes of bedding listed below, with appropriate interpolations. Attitudes are strike and dip (right-hand rule). Sections are listed in order from stratigraphic top to bottom. Most stations consist of chips at 30 cm intervals. UTM coordinates are NAD83, Zone 10N. Section and sample locations are shown in Figure 1.3. C2, C4, and C6 are carbonate lithotypes of the Marble Canyon Formation that have been defined at Kelly Lake; C2 represents carbonate lithotypes found along Second Ridge; C4 represents carbonate lithotypes found along First Ridge; C6 represents carbonate lithotypes found at low elevations to the SW of First Ridge.
Sample Strat. Strat. Description CaCO3 MgCO3 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 SrCO3 MnO P2O5 Unit Thick. (m) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Isolated Station (UTM 580090 E, 5660231 N) 74851 C6? 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, rusty buff-grey weathered, medium-grey fresh, 93.56 0.27 4.01 0.29 0.33 603 174 9237 cryptocrystalline, recrystallized, massive and resistant, abundant calcite veins and veinlets, moderately fractured, indescript, abundant rusty weathering, rubbly outcrop, no reliable bedding
Isolated Station (UTM 580213 E, 5660115 N) 74852 C6? 3½ Silicified Limestone, analytical error?, tan to light-grey weathered, light-grey fresh 1.02 0.04 22.52 0.11 0.54 11 61 908 (minor white, pink, green), crystalline (coarse in places), mostly quartz, minor calcite, very hard and resistant, abundant quartz veining, minor rusty weathering, locally weak reaction with HCl though mostly absent, bedding (difficult to identify) measured A7 close to schist contact dips NNE at approx. 40°-50°
Isolated Station (UTM 580248 E, 5660184 N) 74853 C6? 2 Silicified Limestone, same as 74852, mostly no HCl reaction, locally weak 41.43 0.27 29.15 0.09 0.36 177 184 4602
Section 2010-01 (UTM 575885 E, 5668380 N) 74861 C2? 2½ Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74860 89.08 8.49 1.27 0.16 0.23 298 102 980 74860 C2? 2½ Cryptocrystalline Strongly Dolomitic Limestone, tan and medium- to dark-grey 81.10 15.69 2.36 0.21 0.34 314 112 474 weathered, light- to dark-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, moderate to abundant calcite veining, minor rusty weathering on fractures, light-grey bleaching, very good reaction with HCl, approx. bedding 088°/50° S OFFSET 30 74859 C2? 3 Cryptocrystalline Strongly Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74858, bedding 73.43 22.82 2.32 0.32 0.35 255 94 781 appears to dip SSW, approximate measurement 088°/50 ° S 74858 C2? 3 Cryptocrystalline Strongly Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74857, more dark-grey 84.46 13.12 1.55 0.26 0.26 312 74 1189 fresh 74857 C2? 2½ Cryptocrystalline Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74856 95.11 3.74 0.60 0.10 0.16 327 68 1293 74856 C2? 2½ Cryptocrystalline Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, light- to dark-grey weathered, 94.99 3.62 0.82 0.07 0.20 313 73 540 light- to medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, no obvious bedding, moderate to abundant calcite veins and veinlets, some areas bleached to light-grey, minor tan weathering, very good reaction with HCl 74855 C2? 2½ Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74854, more light-grey fresh, 93.29 5.15 1.10 0.13 0.15 333 62 465 stronger bleaching, possible bedding 022°/23° E 74854 C2? 2¾ Cryptocrystalline Strongly Dolomitic Limestone, light- to dark-grey weathered, 88.26 9.77 1.19 0.19 0.13 341 59 542 medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, recrystallized, massive and resistant, abundant calcite veins and veinlets, bleached light-grey in places, moderately to weakly fractured with some tan weathering on fracture surfaces, very good reaction with HCl, no reliable bedding to measure
Isolated Station (576038 E, 5668389 N) 74862 C2? 2 Cryptocrystalline Strongly Dolomitic Limestone, tan and light- to medium-grey 81.58 13.54 3.26 0.26 0.36 257 119 569 weathered, white to dark-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, moderate to abundant calcite veining, white to light-grey bleaching, fetid odour, rubbly outcrop with no bedding surfaces, very good reaction with HCl
Section 2010-02 (UTM 576117 E, 5668521 N) 74865 C2? 1 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74863, less dark-grey, approx. bedding 98.11 0.92 0.19 0.01 0.22 247 317 154 234°/29° NW 74864 C2? 3 Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74863, less dark-grey, more 92.26 5.54 0.97 0.17 0.26 340 69 4390
bleaching A8 74863 C2? 3¼ Cryptocrystalline Strongly Dolomitic Limestone, tan and light-grey weathered, 73.37 22.34 1.61 0.39 0.38 241 97 11668 light- to dark-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, no reliable bedding, moderate calcite veining, less bleaching than other areas sampled nearby, moderately fractured and rubbly, very good reaction with HCl, appears to dip NW approx. 40°
Isolated Station (UTM 581698 E, 5661298 N) 74866 C4 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, white to medium-grey weathered (burnt), light-grey to 98.47 0.61 0.25 0.01 0.14 224 100 2641 light-brown-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant but breaks easily, weak to medium calcite veinlets, moderately fractured and rubbly, weak to moderate bleaching, outcrop has been singed by fire, very good reaction with HCl, bedding 130°/35° SW (possibly NE)
Section 2010-03 (UTM 581626 E, 5661368 N) 74868 C4 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74867, minor light-brown-grey fresh, similar 98.77 0.56 0.04 0.01 0.08 997 40 195 bedding to 74867, moderately to very steeply dipping SW (possibly NE) 74867 C4 3¾ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, white to medium-grey weathered (burnt), medium- 98.09 1.00 0.48 0.07 0.11 384 49 458 grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, hard, minor to moderate calcite veinlets, minor tan weathering, outcrop is locally rubbly, several joint sets and possible cleavage, outcrop appears to be a massive bed in valley dipping SW and steep, possibly dipping to the NE (may have been overturned), appears to curve and steepen near the top, very good reaction with HCl, bedding 157°/53° SW Section 2010-04 (UTM 581572 E, 5661469 N) 74870 C4 3½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74869 98.31 0.54 0.36 0.04 0.10 776 57 296 74869 C4 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light- to medium-grey weathered and fresh, 98.29 0.52 0.28 0.03 0.05 1646 33 1749 cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, moderate to abundant calcite veining, locally moderately bleached, minor tan weathering, quite rubbly and jointed, 2 sub- vertical irregular joint sets, trending 1) 335° (ma jor), and 2) 105° (minor), very good reaction with HCl, bedding is approx.. 124°/35° SW (NE dip looks more likely in this outcrop)
Section 2010-05 (UTM 581468 E, 5661596 N) 74901 C4 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74871, locally fetid odour, some irregular 98.34 0.42 0.17 0.01 0.08 2354 23 <100 banding on weathered surfaces that does not appear to be bedding 74875 C4 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74871 98.63 0.42 0.05 0.01 0.33 949 91 <100 74874 C4 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74871 98.49 0.38 0.25 0.01 0.08 1948 32 <100 74873 C4 3½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74871 98.25 0.48 0.29 0.01 0.13 1272 41 450 74872 C4 3½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74871, more medium-grey fresh 98.31 0.52 0.14 0.01 0.10 1083 31 181 74871 C4 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, tan and light-grey weathered, light- to medium-grey 98.63 0.52 0.05 0.01 0.11 903 38 <100 fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, cliff former, moderate to abundant calcite veining, moderately bleached, indescript, good to very good reaction with HCl, no reliable bedding, may be a shallow dip to the NE A9 Section 2010-06 (UTM 581726 E, 5661557 N) 74886 C2 4 Dolostone, same as 74885, light- to medium-grey brown fresh, rubbly, no visible 59.34 37.43 1.55 0.58 0.35 225 86 902 bedding, good reaction with HCl 74885 C2 3½ Dolostone, light-grey weathered, light- to medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, 60.86 35.75 1.73 0.60 0.30 221 73 663 minor recrystallization and bleaching, rubbly, no obvious bedding, moderate to good reaction with HCl 74884 C2 3½ Dolostone, same as 74876, light- to medium-brown-grey fresh, very minor specular 59.81 38.12 1.08 0.36 0.22 204 53 854 hematite, bleached, rubbly, no visible bedding, weak to moderate reaction with HCl 74883 C2 3 Dolostone, same as 74876, medium- to dark-grey fresh, massive, weak to 56.42 40.19 2.03 0.53 0.39 183 90 1649 moderate reaction with HCl 74882 C2 3 Dolostone, same as 74876, medium- to dark-grey fresh, massive, moderate 58.08 39.87 0.79 0.28 0.20 200 56 1331 reaction with HCl 74881 C2 3 Dolostone, same as 74876, medium- to dark-grey fresh, moderate reaction with 57.01 40.63 1.39 0.40 0.27 185 64 1328 HCl, bedding same as 74880, unreliable and measured at approx. 108°/44° S 74880 C2 3 Dolostone, same as 74876, medium- to dark-grey fresh, very poorly bedded, 58.52 39.75 0.87 0.31 0.19 198 56 820 moderate reaction with HCl, unreliable bedding measured at approx. 108°/44° S 74879 C2 3 Dolostone, same as 74876, rubbly, no visible bedding, weak to moderate reaction 58.81 38.93 1.26 0.40 0.29 196 78 747 with HCl 74878 C2 4 Dolostone, same as 74876, light-grey and minor light-brown fresh, weak to 61.02 36.69 1.04 0.39 0.36 217 96 1172 moderate reaction with HCl, same poorly developed bedding as 74677, approx. 150°/32° SW 74877 C2 3 Dolostone, same as 74876, slightly darker fresh, massive, weak to moderate 59.52 37.64 1.31 0.56 0.31 216 87 762 reaction with HCl, possible bedding 150°/32° SW 74876 C2 2½ Dolostone, light-tan-grey weathered, medium-grey-brown fresh, cryptocrystalline, 55.31 40.88 1.57 0.75 0.38 174 125 2205 recrystallized to mudstone, possible dip slope, appears massive, weak reaction with HCl, potential poorly developed bedding 125°/39° SW
Isolated Station (UTM 581768 E, 5661620 N) 74887 C2 3 Dolomitic Limestone, light-grey weathered, medium- to dark-grey fresh, 93.20 5.73 0.37 0.05 0.19 411 48 <100 cryptocrystalline, massive, fetid odour, very minor calcite veinlets, very good reaction with HCl
Isolated Station (UTM 581770 E, 5661619 N) 74888 C2 2½ Dolomitic Limestone, light-grey to white weathered, medium- to dark-grey fresh, 92.51 4.96 1.69 0.05 0.11 409 33 <100 cryptocrystalline, massive, very homogeneous, very good reaction with HCl
Isolated Station (UTM 579520 E, 5663344 N) 74889 C4 2½ Limestone, light-tan-grey weathered, light- to medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, 98.59 0.56 0.35 0.03 0.12 632 52 430 recrystallized, moderately bedded, minor bleaching, very good reaction with HCl, bedding reliably measured at 130°/28° SW
Isolated Station (UTM 579327 E, 5663977 N) 74890 C4 3 Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, light- to medium-brown-grey-orange weathered, light- 93.38 4.33 1.62 0.13 0.17 270 75 427 to medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, recrystallized, massive, very minor
bleaching, rubbly, lots of schist rubble implies very close to contact, very good A10 reaction with HCl
Section 2010-07 (UTM 580167 E, 5663773 N) 74891 C2 3½ Limestone, light-grey weathered, medium- to dark-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, very 95.72 1.28 1.06 0.13 0.16 319 33 7999 minor calcite veinlets, moderately weathered, very good reaction with HCl, poorly developed wavy bedding 132°/36° SW 74892 C2 2 Limestone, same as 74891, medium- to dark-grey weathered, more rubbly, poorly 96.49 1.32 1.45 0.11 0.10 316 23 2425 bedded, bedding 140°/30° SW 74893 C2 4 Limestone, light- to dark-grey weathered, light-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, 98.56 0.84 0.12 0.02 0.26 161 77 116 recrystallized, bleached, massive, bedding cannot be determined but likely similar to 74892 74894 C2 2½ Limestone, light-tan-grey weathered, medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive, 97.74 0.86 0.77 0.10 0.27 171 224 592 minor orange weathering or staining, somewhat rubbly, very good reaction with HCl, possible bedding 114°/30°SSW
Isolated Station (UTM 580055 E, 5663803 N) 74895 C2 2½ Limestone, same as 74894, massive, more strongly bedded, bleached, more 98.47 0.65 0.46 0.07 0.13 210 149 815 orange/rusty weathering/staining, strongly weathered, same bedding as 74894 at approx. 114°/30°SSW Isolated Station (UTM 579819 E, 5663703 N) 74896 C2 1 Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, light-grey weathered, medium- to dark-grey fresh, 93.26 3.85 1.96 0.32 0.25 1194 106 359 cryptocrystalline, calcite nodules common, orange staining/weathering, very rubbly and weathered, forms a small ridge and is likely outcrop, very good reaction with HCl
Isolated Station (UTM 579140 E, 5664274 N) 74902 C4 3 Cryptocrystalline Calcareous Dolostone, tan and light- to medium-grey 63.59 26.78 6.92 1.04 0.62 313 168 1143 weathered, medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, no reliable bedding, locally silicified (quartz veining), minor to moderate calcite veining , rubbly outcrop, highly fractured, very good reaction with HCl
Section 2010-08 (UTM 578963 E, 5664332 N) 74904 C4 3½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74903, locally abundant calcite veining , 98.04 0.92 0.58 0.06 0.09 301 45 2371 possible bedding 350°/23° E OFFSET 10 74903 C4 3½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light- to medium-grey weathered, medium-grey fresh, 97.13 1.05 0.88 0.07 0.10 395 83 2359 cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, moderate calcite veining, minor bleaching, minor hematite and rusty weathering along fractures, very good reaction with HCl, bedding dips NNE 30°
Section 2010-09 (UTM 579139 E, 5664671 N) A11 74914 C2 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, dominantly light-grey fresh, moderately to strongly 98.31 0.75 0.28 0.04 0.06 332 25 874 bleached 74913 C2 2¼ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905, very minor dark-grey fresh 97.97 0.75 0.43 0.05 0.07 310 21 2367 74912 C2 2¼ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905,minor dark-grey fresh, locally 98.49 0.69 0.36 0.04 0.08 350 25 1141 moderately to strongly bleached (white-grey fresh), possible bedding 150°/28°SW 74911 C2 2¼ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905, minor dark-grey fresh 98.63 0.98 0.16 0.02 0.05 266 21 642 74910 C2 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905 98.47 0.86 0.16 0.02 0.05 258 27 425 74909 C2 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905, minor dark-grey fresh, locally 97.97 0.86 0.70 0.07 0.06 390 28 1411 abundant calcite veining, possible bedding 154°/32° SW 74908 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905, local prominent rusty weathering on 98.07 0.98 0.34 0.05 0.12 253 40 947 fractures, locally moderate calcite veining and bleaching 74907 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905, local prominent rusty weathering on 98.15 1.05 0.29 0.04 0.12 252 37 661 fractures 74906 C2 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74905, locally abundant calcite veining, 96.97 1.78 0.79 0.06 0.11 241 39 869 intense bleaching (white-grey fresh) 74905 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light-grey weathered and fresh, cryptocrystalline, 97.79 0.98 0.54 0.06 0.10 291 34 852 massive and resistant, indescript, minor rusty weathering and hematite, minor to moderate calcite veining, minor bleaching, very good reaction with HCl, possible bedding 152°/36° SW Isolated Station (UTM 579350 E, 5663630 N) 74915 C4 1 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light- to medium-grey weathered, light- to dark-grey 98.45 0.98 0.16 0.02 0.05 305 35 155 fresh, cryptocrystalline, rubbly, appears massive, minor to moderate calcite veining, weak to strong bleaching, very good reaction with HCl, bedding dips 20°-25° approximately SW
Section 2010-10 (UTM 583258 E, 5659905 N) 74941 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, minor rusty weathering, very strong 98.41 0.73 0.03 0.01 0.11 216 116 1460 reaction with HCl 74940 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, mostly light-grey fresh, moderately 98.38 0.73 0.09 0.03 0.14 259 82 932 bleached, minor rusty weathering 74939 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, weak to moderate rusty weathering 97.31 1.03 0.35 0.15 0.11 262 123 4003
74938 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, mostly light-grey fresh, moderately 99.00 0.63 0.10 0.02 0.08 257 74 1107 to strongly bleached 74937 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, minor rusty weathering, moderate 98.93 0.63 0.11 0.02 0.06 230 74 1157 bleaching 74936 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, minor rusty weathering, moderately 98.91 0.75 0.03 0.01 0.05 247 57 429 to strongly bleached 74935 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, mostly light-grey fresh, minor rusty 98.81 0.69 0.08 0.03 0.07 195 62 755 weathering, strongly bleached 74934 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, locally moderate to strong rusty 96.56 1.61 0.45 0.14 0.14 273 57 3395
weathering, moderate to abundant calcite veining and bleaching A12 74933 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, locally strong rusty weathering and 96.66 1.07 0.90 0.35 0.20 328 57 1137 bleaching, possibly quartz or dolomite in altered areas 74932 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, zones of intense bleaching and 95.61 1.15 1.24 0.56 0.23 420 62 2274 rusty weathering and/or hematite, possibly some dolomite or siliceous veins through the rusty zone, structure trending N-S 74931 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74926, zones of very strong 92.08 5.61 1.41 0.38 0.16 339 43 957 rusty weathering, moderately to strongly rubbly 74930 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74926, locally strong 94.59 3.33 1.11 0.31 0.20 340 44 790 rusty weathering, moderate to strong bleaching 74929 C2 3 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, mostly light-grey fresh, locally strong 97.65 0.96 0.71 0.18 0.13 455 35 981 rusty weathering 74928 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926, locally strong bleaching, zones of 97.90 0.69 0.67 0.07 0.07 293 26 914 strong hematite and/or rusty weathering, abundant sub-vertical joints trending NW 74927 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74926 98.88 0.71 0.18 0.03 0.08 326 24 319 74926 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light- to medium-grey weathered and fresh, 98.41 0.82 0.09 0.02 0.08 277 19 267 cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, weakly to moderately bleached, moderately fractured, indescript, minor to moderate calcite veining, very good reaction with HCl, entire section appears to dip 30°-50°SW 74925 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916, less rusty weathering 98.38 0.77 0.18 0.02 0.06 259 20 224 74924 C2 1½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916, mostly light-grey fresh, moderately 98.38 0.75 0.41 0.05 0.09 258 27 468 to strongly bleached 74923 C2 1½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916 97.93 0.71 0.73 0.03 0.06 361 20 295 74922 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916, moderately to strongly bleached 98.70 0.77 0.13 0.03 0.09 287 21 474 74921 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916, bedding 118°/36°SW 98.25 0.77 0.11 0.02 0.09 502 21 252 74920 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916 98.57 0.75 0.21 0.03 0.09 339 21 254 74919 C2 2¾ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916 98.72 0.69 0.11 0.03 0.09 367 23 296 74918 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916, minor dark-grey fresh 97.95 0.75 0.34 0.06 0.10 445 62 2133 74917 C2 2½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74916 98.34 0.73 0.29 0.06 0.07 465 29 1777 74916 C2 2 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light- to medium-grey weathered and fresh, 98.65 0.54 0.37 0.04 0.06 514 34 767 cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, indescript, minor rusty weathering along fractures, moderately fractured, weak to strong bleaching, minor to moderate calcite veining, very good reaction with HCl, possible bedding 139°/51°SW
Isolated Station (UTM 577748 E, 5665432 N) 74942 C4 1½ Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, light- to medium-grey (minor tan-grey) 92.11 5.84 1.03 0.31 0.20 271 57 979 weathered, light- to medium-grey fresh, moderate rusty weathering, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, no reliable bedding, minor to moderate calcite veining, weak bleaching, rubbly outcrop, very good reaction with HCl
Isolated Station (UTM 577799 E, 5665405 N) 74943 C4 1 Cryptocrystalline Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74942, very good 94.04 4.16 0.90 0.26 0.11 281 33 608 reaction with HCl, bedding 190°/23° W A13
Isolated Station (UTM 577772 E, 5665356 N) 74944 C4 1 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74942, very strong reaction with HCl 97.52 0.75 0.84 0.36 0.24 262 53 123
Isolated Station (UTM 577827 E, 5665301 N) 74945 C4 2½ Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74942, weak to moderate 91.42 7.55 0.50 0.17 0.17 228 54 810 bleaching
Isolated Station (UTM 577820 E, 5665320 N) 74946 C4 2½ Cryptocrystalline Slightly Dolomitic Limestone, same as 74942, weak to 95.59 2.89 0.80 0.24 0.11 326 32 821 moderate bleaching, very rubbly
Isolated Station (UTM 577750 E, 5665821 N) 74947 C4 1 Cryptocrystalline Dolomitic Limestone, light-grey weathered (burnt), light- to 88.83 8.91 0.99 0.26 0.27 346 107 1423 medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, no reliable bedding, minor to moderate calcite veining, weak bleaching, moderate to very strong rusty and tan weathering, rubbly outcrop, very good reaction with HCl Section 2010-11 (UTM 577727 E, 5665535 N) 74948 C4 4 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, light-grey weathered (burnt), light- to medium-grey 98.06 0.90 0.40 0.17 0.16 169 44 307 fresh (mostly light), cryptocrystalline, massive and resistant, moderately to strongly bleached, moderately fractured, rubbly, minor to moderate calcite veining, weak rusty weathering, very good reaction with HCl, possible bedding measured at 194°/32° W 74949 C4 4½ Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74948, weak rusty weathering, bedding still 98.56 0.75 0.30 0.09 0.13 190 34 191 appears to dip W or SW 74950 C4 4 Cryptocrystalline Limestone, same as 74948 96.61 1.97 0.54 0.24 0.13 270 31 281 OFFSET 10 74897 C4 3 Limestone, light-grey weathered (burnt), medium-grey fresh, cryptocrystalline, rusty 96.72 1.97 0.67 0.23 0.14 233 48 753 orange weathering (surficial), rubbly, very good reaction with HCl, poorly developed bedding surface 190°/35° W OFFSET 20 74898 C4 3 Limestone, same as 47897, rubbly, jointed, no visible bedding, very good reaction 97.95 0.92 0.61 0.18 0.15 400 56 407 with HCl 74899 C4 2½ Limestone, same as 74897, rubbly, subcrop, extreme end of ridge, bedding cannot 97.06 1.36 0.68 0.21 0.16 699 45 490 be determined, very good reaction with HCl A14 A15
APPENDIX 5: STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS
The field work described in this report was supervised by Patrick Kluczny, P.Geol. P. Kluczny is a geological consultant with Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. based in Edmonton, Alberta. He obtained a degree in Geology from the University of Alberta, Edmonton in 2006 and has been employed in the mineral exploration industry since. He is registered as a P.Geol. with the Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists, and Geophysicists of Alberta. 576000 578000 580000 582000 584000 586000 588000
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6 0 0 Secondary Local Geology T 576000 578000 580000 582000 584000 586000 588000 Minor Limestone Forestry Roads Volcanics GRAYMONT WESTERN CANADA INC. Railways Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. Edmonton, Alberta KELLY LAKE PROPERTY Contours (20m) Kilometres NEAR CLINTON, BRITISH COLUMBIA Creeks/Streams 0 1 2 3 4 Fig. 1.3 2010 Exploration Lakes 1:20,000 and Property Geology Parks Coordinate System: UTM NAD83, Zone 10 North WM 2011.03 568000 572000 576000 580000 584000 588000 592000 596000 600000
POISON LAKE
LITTLE WHITE LAKE BEAVERDAM LAKE 5680000 5680000
MAGNESIA LAKE
TRURANS LAKE 5676000 5676000
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9 LEIGHWOOD LAKE 7 ad nton Ro -Cli Pavilion ALKALI LAKES 5652000 5652000
KELLY LAKE
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Legend
) Town Major Roads Railway Creek/Stream River/Lake Mineral Claims 5644000 5644000 Graymont 568000 572000 576000 580000 584000 588000 592000 596000 600000 Geology Faults Regional Geology GRAYMONT WESTERN CANADA INC. Cache Creek Complex Cache Creek Complex - Marble Canyon Formation Dahrouge Geological Consulting Ltd. Edmonton, Alberta Cache Creek Complex - Western Belt KELLY LAKE PROPERTY Chilcotin Group Kilometres NEAR CLINTON, BRITISH COLUMBIA Jackass Mountain Group Kamloops Group 0 2 4 6 8 Fig. 2.1 Mount Martley and Tiffin Creek Stocks Regional Geology Spences Bridge Group 1:50,000
Unnamed Coordinate System: UTM NAD83, Zone 10 North WM 2011.03