ST MARY's CHURCHYARD, FRATTON Conservation Area No 16 Guidelines for Conservation

ST MARY’S CHURCHYARD, FRATTON Conservation Area No 16

Guidelines for Conservation

John Slater BA (Hons) DMS MRTPI Head of Planning Services (023) 9283 4334

The Ordnance Survey mapping included within this publication is provided by the Portsmouth City Council under licence from the Ordnance Survey in order to fulfil its public function as a planning authority. Persons viewing this mapping should contact Ordnance Survey copyright for advice where they wish to licence Ordnance Survey map data for their own use. Licence No LA-100019671

ST MARY’S CHURCHYARD FRATTON Conservation Area No 16

Guidelines for Conservation

John Slater BA (Hons) DMS MRTPI Head of Planning Services

April 1995 (updated December 2011)

CONTENTS

1:0 INTRODUCTION Page 1

2:0 HISTORY Page 3

3:0 CHARACTER AND APPEARANCE Page 5

4:0 PROBLEMS Page 8

5:0 GUIDELINES Page 9

APPENDIX 1: FURTHER INFORMATION/SOURCES OF ADVICE Page12

APPENDIX 2: FINANCE AND GRANT AID Page13

APPENDIX 3: STATUTORY PROTECTION Page14

APPENDIX 4: PORTSMOUTH CITY LOCAL PLAN 2001-11 Page15

APPENDIX 5: SUMMARY OF EXISTING POWERS Page16

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ET F 1:0 INTRODUCTION

This guideline publication covers the St opposition to alteration, but rather the Mary’s Churchyard, Fratton positive management of change Conservation Area. It is one of a series through preservation, environmental covering conservation areas in improvements and sympathetic design. Portsmouth and providing guidance on each area. It is intended to provide The designation of a conservation area supplementary planning guidance to has a number of direct legal the Portsmouth City Local Plan 2001- consequences, including specific 11. procedures for planning applications, the control of demolition of buildings This report covers the conservation and works to trees. These are covered area of St Mary’s Churchyard, in in more detail later in this document. Fratton, and suggests guidelines to inform property owners and to produce St Mary’s Churchyard was designated a framework by which decisions a conservation area in 1972 and affecting development in the area can represents the first site on Portsea be made. Island used for ecclesiastical purposes. The area contains a public open space, Conservation areas were first created a variety of old listed and non-listed after the Civic Amenities Act (1967) buildings and the Parish Church of and are defined as “……. Areas of Portsea as its focal point. special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance.” Conservation areas do not imply an

Fratton Road c1900. Note the railings surmounting the flint faced wall, presumably removed for the war effort during the Second World War

1 Reproduced from the 1870 Ordnance Survey Map Not to scale

2 2:0 HISTORY

St Mary’s Church represents both the Reginald Blomfield. It fills the space first recorded church site on Portsea between the old vicarage and the Island, as well as the nucleus of public house (currently the Contented Fratton. Along with Buckland and Pig) which is recorded on this site as Copnor, Fratton is one of the earliest far back as 1867. Another remnant of settlements on Portsea Island and the Victorian era lies behind the retained a generally rural character modern vicarage in the form of until the middle of the Nineteenth “Vicarage Cottage” (133 Church Road). Century. It was an ancient demesne (landed estate) of the Crown and was As urbanisation spread outward, at the mentioned in the Domesday Book. beginning of the nineteenth Century, from Old Portsmouth, the area around The hub of this settlement, St Mary’s St Mary’s changed from a countryside Church, stands as a focal point for aspect to an urban sprawl which miles around. A church, on this site, is continued towards Kingston along first mentioned in 1164, and later, Fratton Road. when it was appropriated with the Priory of Southwick, in 1291. This Clydesdale Terrace was built along original church survived until 1843 Fratton Road, at the end of the when a second “St Mary’s” designed Nineteenth Century and was one of a by Thomas Ellis Owen was number of housing developments commissioned. This survived just 44 which effectively enclosed the area years until the third and present around St Mary’s Churchyard. rebuilding on the site by A W Blomfield in 1887. During the twentieth century, the character of the area underwent St Mary’s was the only parish church considerable change. Fratton Road on Portsea Island up to the Fourteenth was widened in the 1920’s to allow for Century and was still the solitary parish tramways, the terraces around church outside of Old Portsmouth, until Woodland Street have disappeared the Victorian era. and myriad gravestones that filled the churchyard have been removed to On the other side of Fratton Road, the create a public open space. original vicarage ‘Lawnswood’ (now a funeral directors) was constructed at More recently, “Woodland Park” has the same time as the first rebuilding of been created to the east of Woodland St Mary’s (in 1843) and is also by Street, to extend the public open space Thomas Owen. It retained this function and modern development, in the form until a newer vicarage was built after of Nutfield Court, has appeared in the the Second World War. Alongside the north-western corner of the old vicarage, the Church Institute was conservation area. built in 1899, to the designs of Sir

3 Reproduced from the 1910 Ordnance Survey Map Not to scale

4 3:0 CHARACTER AND APPEARANCE

The character of St Mary’s Churchyard Conservation Area, is derived from the wide open spaces and unique buildings which combine to produce this area’s appearance.

Churchyard looking South West.

Surrounding the church is a flint rubble wall with brick dressings and coping. It is contemporary with the building of the church and segregates the churchyard from the roads.

View of St. Marys Church from Woodland Park

The Church of St Mary is the undisputed centre of the conservation area. It is a great neo-perpendicular construction with a lofty “East Anglian” style west tower containing battlements and pinnacles. The Church is faced in flint with stone dressings and towers above its environs. Olinda Street (entrance gates) public Around this great building is an open space. extensive churchyard, which was once filled with gravestones, but is now a East of Woodland Street, opposite the public open space with abundant trees, churchyard, is a recently created park which provides an area of public which extends the open space to amenity in an urban setting. Olinda Street. The modern park contains colourful flora which contrasts pleasingly with the simple attractiveness of the churchyard.

The north of Woodland Park is dominated by two red-brick factory buildings, one of two storeys and the

5 other three storeys. These buildings Next to this is the Church Institute (No are flanked by two smaller 247 Fratton Road). This is a two constructions on wither side. On the storey red brick construction with a eastern side is a public house, the St high gabled roof end and stone coping. Mary’s Arms, a two storey building in The building is capped with a cupola. painted brick surmounted by a shallow hipped roof. The pub still contains sash windows in the upper floor. A wall covering of glazed bricks around the ground floor has been painted. On the western side of the factory complex is a group of houses including a converted public hotel similar in design to the St Mary’s Arms.

Opposite the church, across Fratton Road, is a group of buildings connected to St Mary’s. The Old Vicarage (No 245 Fratton Road) is pleasantly situated behind a red brick wall and a number of trees. It is a two Church Institute now Portsmouth storey red brick neo-Jacobean Housing Association construction of an irregular L-plan. It contains steep gable ends and slate Further north, is the Contented Pig roofs surmounted by tall octagonal Public House. Although this has a capped chimneys. Twentieth century front of red brick, its rear is Georgian or earlier. This building represents continual use of the site for the same purpose for around 200 years.

The present vicarage lies adjacent to the Old Vicarage to its south. Like its predecessor, it is attractively set behind both a high wall and numerous trees. It is a relatively modern two storey, dark red building surmounted by a hipped roof and three chimney stacks.

Vicarage Cottage (in Church Road) is a two storey L-plan building which has been substantially altered with a modern gabled roof and extensive dormers. This building still, however, Rustic view of Old Vicarage now retains much of its original character. Lawnswood Funeral Directors In the north-western corner of the

6 conservation area lies Nutfield Court. This is a pleasant three storey modern construction of red brick and a gabled roof.

The group of dwellings in the south western corner of the conservation area are known as Clydesdale Terrace. This terrace was built at the end of the nineteenth century and contains two storey houses, each with a bay window and small front garden plot. Some contain their original sash windows whilst other have succumbed to UPVC and other replacement. Through painting, rendering and some loss of original features, the terrace has lost some of its Carnegie Library uniformity.

Terrace in Fratton Road

To the south of this terrace is Carnegie Library; a grand building constructed in 1905 by A E Cogswell. It is a two storey red brick building with extensive stone dressings of classical design. It has two ground floors bays, an elaborate porch façade and a half-hipped roof. The Carnegie Library also includes interesting internal stained glass.

7 4:0 PROBLEMS

The main problems facing the Although significant environmental conservation area are unsympathetic improvements have been carried out redevelopment or alteration, the loss of over the years, there is certainly scope trees and shrubs and, potentially for further enhancement to continue damaging changes of use. the improvement and particularly to Unfortunately some of the buildings in address the issues raised in this the conservation area, particularly document. many of the terraced houses, have been altered from their original The following guidelines will it is hoped appearance. help to protect and enhance the conservation area against further The advertisement hoarding on the potentially damaging development. corner of Fratton Road and Alver Road (just outside the conservation area) detracts from the conservation area.

The chain link fence set behind the low red brick wall facing Alver Road does not enhance the appearance of the Churchyard.

8 5:0 GUIDELINES a) BUILDINGS discourage the introduction of new extensions, alterations or Three of the buildings in the area (St features which diminish the Mary’s Church, the Old Vicarage and character of buildings. the Church Institute) are covered by listing and are, therefore, sufficiently ii) The City Council will protected. It would be desirable for encourage the introduction of Clydesdale Terrace, and other sympathetic features to buildings adjacent to it to be returned buildings (which are of little to their original appearance to create a historic interest) and will uniform terrace to front the churchyard. discourage any feature added to a building which detracts Other buildings (such as the St Mary’s from the character of the area. Arms Public House, the Contented Pig Public House, the Vicarage and b) BOUNDARY WALLS Vicarage Cottage) need to be maintained so as to be in keeping with The boundary wall around the the character of the conservation area. churchyard is listed and is thus Where unsympathetic alterations or covered by sufficient protection. It is decoration is already apparent, it is desirable that other boundary walls, desirable that this is altered so as to especially that which surround the Old enhance the area. Vicarage and its environs, are retained and repaired appropriately, when the need arises.

Carnegie Library Windows. Gateway to St. Mary’s Church. Guidelines Guidelines i) The City Council will encourage the retention and i) The City Council will encourage conservation of existing the retention of existing features forming parts of original and attractive historic buildings and will boundary walls and other

9 means of enclosure and where within the conservation area are appropriate their restoration to widened, or altered in any way, so as match the original style of the to detract from the character of the boundary. area. ii) The City Council will Guideline discourage the removal, demolition or unsympathetic The City Council will endeavour to alteration of existing retain existing road layouts and boundaries which are historic discourage any development which or of architectural value. would adversely affect the character of the roads. c) TREES AND SHRUBS e) STREET FURNITURE Trees and shrubs are important components in this conservation area, Street furniture, such as road names particularly in Woodland Park, around and street lights, can enhance or the Old Vicarage and its neighbours diminish the visual amenity of an area. and in the churchyard itself. The City The street furniture around St Mary’s Council acknowledges the importance Churchyard is of the standard type and of flora in this area and has designated is adequate for the conservation area. two Tree Preservation Orders here However, where unsightly street (Nos 40 and 135). It is desirable that furniture does exist, it would be all trees and shrubs are retained. desirable for it to be replaced with street furniture of a more sympathetic design.

In 2001 the City Council approved a guidance document:- Roads and Street Furniture in Historic Areas. This relates to roads, paving, street lighting, street furniture and other related matters in conservation areas together with other areas of historic interest.

St. Marys from the churchyard.

Guideline

The City Council will encourage the retention of trees and shrubs which positively contribute to the area. d) ROADS Church Road name made up of It is undesirable that any of the roads ceramic tiles

10 Guidelines redevelopment in the conservation area. The essential character and i) The City Council will appearance would be diminished by encourage the restoration of increasing the density of building in the historic street furniture such area. as lamp columns and street names. Guidelines ii) The City Council will encourage i) The City Council opposes the the removal of unsightly or demolition of buildings, or unnecessary street furniture. parts of buildings, which contribute to the character or f) OVERHEAD WIRES, appearance of the conservation PUBLIC UTILITIES PLANT area. A N D S A T E L L I T E ii) The City Council opposes TELEVISION ANTENNAE. redevelopment of existing properties unless it can be Overhead wires and statutory demonstrated that undertakers plant (such as junction redevelopment would boxes) are not a problem in this positively enhance the conservation area. It is desirable, if all character or appearance of the future work of this kind, be placed area. underground. h) ENHANCEMENT Guidelines The emphasis in this conservation area i) The City Council will is to strengthen its character. This can discourage the location of plant be achieved through removing or wires above ground but unsympathetic features, encouraging a would encourage underground greater awareness amongst the public siting. of the area and promoting new proposals for enhancement. Some ii) The City Council will suggested future enhancement discourage the installation of schemes could be the reinstatement of satellite television antenna on iron railings in the churchyard wall and the front elevations of tree planting along Fratton Road. properties and prominent side elevations. Guidelines g) DEMOLITION AND i) The City Council will promote REDEVELOPMENT enhancement proposals as appropriate. The demolition of buildings, or parts of buildings, which possess character or ii) The City Council will encourage architectural interest will be resisted. enhancement of properties by private owners. There are few opportunities for

11 APPENDIX 1: FURTHER INFORMATION/SOURCES OF ADVICE

This document is intended to set a In appropriate circumstances, the help policy framework for this conservation of English Heritage or The Hampshire area. The Head of Planning Services Building Preservation Trust could be will be pleased to discuss any sought. National Amenity Societies proposals concerning this area and to publish a number of advisory leaflets advise on appropriate sources of on detailed aspects of conservation. advice and information. There is a long established series by the Society for the Protection of Please contact the Conservation Ancient Buildings (SPAB). The Officer John Pike on 023 9283 4303 or Victorian Society and The Georgian Bob Colley on 023 9283 4310 in the Group both produce series of leaflets Conservation & Design Team of the on doors, windows, tiles, glass and Planning Services. A number of advice other features. leaflets have been produced by the City and County Councils – for further details contact the above officers.

It is always advisable to contact the Planning Services before carrying out any alterations to buildings in a conservation area to ascertain whether permission is required. For further details contact:

Planning Services Conservation and Design Team Civic Offices Guildhall Square Portsmouth PO1 2AU

12 APPENDIX 2: FINANCE AND GRANT AID

1. HISTORIC BUILDINGS For advice on what is available contact GRANTS the Helpdesk on 023 9283 4538 or visit the website on Historic Building grant aid may be www.portsmouth.gov.uk/ available from the City Council towards living/5293.html the cost of appropriate repair of listed and certain other buildings in this 3. OTHER FINANCIAL conservation area. For information ASSISTANCE telephone 023 92 834303/10. Other financial assistance may be 2. HOUSING GRANTS available for example to assist with environmental improvement schemes The city councils financial assistance or other projects. The Head of Policy for Private Sector Housing Planning Services will be pleased to makes a range of assistance packages advise on possible sources of available to home owners. assistance.

Help is given for the improvement and repair of properties to meet the Decent Homes standard and to provide energy efficiency measures.

Assistance may be subject to a test of the owners resources.

13 APPENDIX 3: STATUTORY PROTECTION

1. CONSERVATION AREA

Conservation Area No 16 – St Mary’s Churchyard – designated 23 March 1972. 2. LISTED BUILDINGS

245 Fratton Road, Fratton Road, Lawnswood, Church of St Mary, Kingston, Fratton Fratton Grade; II Grade; II* Listed; 25/9/72 Listed; 10/1/53 Cons. Area; 16 Cons. Area; 16 Owner; Private Owner; Private Vicarage of 1843-50 now undertakers, proba- Church of 1887-89 by Sir Arthur Blomfield in bly by T.E Owen, neo-Jacobean in style. flint with Bath stone dressings in Neo- Perpendicular style. Replaced a short-lived 247 Fratton Road, church by T.E Owen which in turn replaced the Fratton original medieval church. Grade; II Listed; 25/9/72 Fratton Road, Cons. Area; 16 Church of St Mary, Kingston, Owner; Private Wall & gate piers, Former Church Institute 1899-1907 by Sir R Fratton Blomfield, 2 storeys in red brick, now Housing Grade; II Association Offices. Listed; 25/9/72 Cons. Area; 16 Fratton Road, Fratton Owner; Private (West side) Churchyard wall and gate piers c1887-89, Carnegie Library Knapped flint, Portland stone and yellow stock Grade; II bricks. Listed; 21/12/11 Cons. Area; 16 Owner; Portsmouth City Council Edwardian Library of 1905-6 designed by A E Cogswell and built by Portsmouth Borough Council with support of Carnegie Foundation. Original internal layout survives with art nou- veau stained glass.

3. ARTICLE 4(2) DIRECTIONS

Various operations to houses do not Article 4(2) Directions bring work to normally require planning permission. various features on elevations facing a This includes changes to windows, highway under planning control. doors, roofs, chimneys and boundary There were no Article 4(2) Directions in walls. The effect of these can gradually force in this conservation area on 17 affect the appearance of a March 2003. conservation area.

14 APPENDIX 4:PORTSMOUTH CITY LOCAL PLAN 2001-11

The Portsmouth City Local Plan 2001-11 DC11 Listed Buildings includes many policies which are DC12 Locally Important Buildings and relevant to conservation areas and to Structures this particular conservation area in DC13 Historic Parks and Gardens particular. General policies include:- DC14 Trees DC15 Archaeological Sites and DC1 Design Principles monuments DC2 Landscaping DC20 Protection of Open Space DC3 Landmark Buildings and Features DC22 Telecommunications Equipment DC4 Access for all DC5 Amenity & Pollution DC10 Conservation Areas

DC10 CONSERVATION AREAS to the character and appearance of the conservation area are protected. (A) Alterations Proposals to alter an unlisted building in (C) Change of use a conservation area will be permitted Where a building contributes towards where the development is sympathetic in the character or appearance of a design, scale, materials, colour, conservation area, a change of use will landscaping and treatment to the rest of be permitted where it does not require the building and/or area. any changes in the appearance or setting of the building other than those (B) Buildings and spaces that will preserve or enhance its contribution to the area. Development in a conservation area will be permitted where: (D) Demolition

(i) scale, form, materials and detailing Development involving demolition in a respect the characteristics of conservation area will be permitted buildings in the area; provided that - (ii) architectural features such as walls and shop fronts and other features (i) the structure to be demolished which contribute to the character of makes no positive contribution to the an area are retained; character and appearance of the (iii) there is no adverse impact on the area; townscape and roofscape of the (ii) its potential for repair, retention and conservation area, including the beneficial use is limited; and protection of important views within, (iii) detailed proposals for the reuse of into and out of the area; the site, including any replacement (iv) a consistently high standard of building or other structure, have been design has been applied and good approved. quality materials are proposed to be used; and (v) trees, open spaces and other landscape features which contribute

15 APPENDIX 5: SUMMARY OF EXISTING POWERS

STATUTORY LISTED BUILD- NON-LISTED BUILDINGS IN CON- INGS SERVATION AREAS Boundary Walls, LBC required for alterations, ex- CAC required for complete or substantial Fences and Pillars tensions and demolitions demolition if wall is more than 1m high (including part thereof). fronting a highway and 2m elsewhere. Planning permission required to erect a wall, fence, etc, if more than 1m high fronting a highway, 2m elsewhere. See Note: A 4(2) Trees, Shrubs and Six weeks notice for work to trees re- other Planting quired. Buildings LBC required for demolition, al- CAC required for complete or substantial teration and extension. This in- demolition of building where volume of cludes internal works. Demolition building exceeds 115 cubic metres. includes partial demolition See Note: A 4(2)

Doors Replacement with different design Houses No permission or CAC required or material would require LBC. to replace doors. See Note: A 4(2) Flats and commercial buildings Per- mission normally required if different from existing design. Windows Replacement with different design Houses Permission not required to re- or material would require LBC. place windows. See Note: A 4(2) Flats and commercial buildings Per- mission is required for replacement windows unless they match the original in terms of method of opening and design. Roofs Replacement with different materi- Houses Permission not required to als would require LBC. change roof cladding material. See Note: A 4(2) Flats or commercial buildings Permission is required to change roof cladding material. Chimneys LBC required for demolition Permission & CAC not usually required (including part thereof), alteration for demolition. Houses: See Note: A 4(2) or extension. Flats or commercial buildings Permission may be required for rebuilding Other Details LBC required for removal, altera- Permission & CAC not usually required. tion or extension. Houses : See Note A 4(2) Flats or commercial buildings Permission may be required for rebuilding. External Wall Fin- LBC required to remove/alter ex- Permission required to clad exterior walls ishes/Cladding isting cladding or fix new cladding. with stone, artificial stone, timber, plastic or tiles.

Note: Permission refers to Planning Permission. LBC refers to Listed Building Consent. CAC refers to Conservation Area Consent.

A 4(2) Houses or single family dwelling: Permission needed if Article 4(2) direction in force.