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Lower Palaeozoic Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Kerman Region, East-Central Iran Mir Alireza Hamedi University of Wollongong

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Lower Palaeozoic Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Kerman Region, East-Central Iran Mir Alireza Hamedi University of Wollongong University of Wollongong Thesis Collections University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Year Lower Palaeozoic sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Kerman region, East-Central Iran Mir Alireza Hamedi University of Wollongong Hamedi, Mir A, Lower Palaeozoic sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Kerman region, East-Central Iran, PhD thesis, Department of Geology, University of Wollongong, 1995. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/542 This paper is posted at Research Online. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/542 NORTHIRAN CENTR.- EAST IRAN ~ Padeha Formation c"oo ci 0 ...J ---------------- E~ :;)-0 ::.Go ::> Niur Formation ... ..... "...J ~ <, -= e C/.l- ------------------- en E C",....u c ~ :::::.G ~ Shirgesht Formation 0,- 0 ,......=;- ~'~'Member 5 '5 ~ E "E 0 " l:: :u u 0 C. ...J ..J..>o:tJ., ::J ~ .9 0 eu Member 4 .--- l- - ;.C ei. E 0 :u Member 3 Z ::J '""0 ~ Derenjal Formation E... t.L. u < - Member 2 ~ ~ !!! '- -c:: -ci 0 :::; Member I Kalshaneh Fm. .c",'c c "~ ~ ::Ic .;: ~'" '" ~ ~ ~ < "Top Quartzite" E U ~ - :u .3 Lalun Sandstone (Dahu Series) U --------------------------- ------- -- Zaigun Formation Z < Barut Formation .gc '"u eu - Colle nia Limestone .t: E c:: I I u ... "~ U) 0 t.L. < Soltanieh .~.~ .s '. ::J U Dolomite § E t.g '"u eu... ,::.9 U)~ ;> -e c eu ~ o 8 := 0 ~ Chapoghlu Shale U) N '" LI.. .- \0 Z I <; - IBayandor Formation Gharadash Form., Granites Doran G ranite III. IIII IIIII 11111 Z Kahar Fonn.,Tashk Form., < Kahar Form., Morad Series, ~ Taknar Form. -c:: Metamorphic rocks: Metamorphic rocks' ~ Shorm Beds, Barir Formation, U< Golpaygan Met., Anarak UJ Alamkuh Metamorphics, Schists, Boneh Shurou c.. Gorgan Schists, Complex, " etc, etc. Figure 1.4. Correlation of Precambrian to Early Palaeozoic sequences 01 nortnem Iran and East-Central Iran (after Stocklin & Setudehnia 1972). .". 'i/ \ ...... .MakU \. /') l. \ .... r: ) l. (, ~ \. / Tabrlz Caaplan sea ( i • . ../' J \. ("./ BUJllUrd· "\.. ~ .__. • I I.'. _.- l Robal-a-Glwtabl. l Mahabad Zanjan Gorgan '-. • '-.... Chalua , Takab a "I Solianieh.Mounlalna Alam K~ Muhha~--) . , Damghan Sabzavar l. I .\ '\.. ........~ • · Talaghan '{"ay • ( Samnan. Jam Torbal l • Kuhmar r-: Altai Taknar •• / Ozbak-Kuh I / (. r: ( Shlrg"'.l \., Zarlgan l ., Golpaygan. Tabaa. ( Kalmord. "I -. -, Soh H.ln • Poahl-a-B.dam \ '<, . Zard K, ~a • seghand \ \ \ Ardakan I Yazd· Kuahk / Balq.· • Bahab.d I l Kuhbanan • -\ , ·Ravar 1 I Zarand· • Kalkoyah .I \ .r Ral.anj..... / "-.). \.. v·, ,• Kennan Ab-a-Morad ( \ \ '-. \ L • Kuh-a-Fragharl \ < Kuh-a-Gahkum -, ~ I \ ---. "- .) Bandar-a-Abaa' L .... o 200 kin "'. >.-. ) . J.'1 I .r: .-J ., ........ p'-- -..---'-./ \ ..1 Figure 1.5. Towns, cities and other localities mentioned in the text. r1" I r \... --.. ( i --.-........---.. .... f'.. / ; Figure 2.1. Disconformable contact between the Morad and Rizu Figure 2.2. Contact metamorphic spots in Morad Formation, Formations in the Ab-e-Morad area. incident light, x2.5. Figure 2.3. Core of spot, showing tourmaline. Crossed polars; Figure 2.4. Angular unconformity between terrigenous, probably WFOV (width of field of view) 1.11 mm. non-marine, facies of the upper Kalmard and Katkoyeh Formations, Rahdar section. Figure 2.5. Tourmaline-bearing contact metamorphosed sandstone below Katkoyeh Formation, Rahdar section. Crossed polars, WFOV 1.56 mm. Figure 2.6. Spiny fragments of broken and spherical, granular-walled acritarchs; bar scale = 20 Il. Photographs by Dr C. Foster, AGSO. qD G ~ Q) ~ ! C7~ ~{jrf Figure 3.1. World-wide commercial Precambrian-Cambrian phosphorite belt (dashed. after Brasier et al. 1989). .; >-., ~ ~ EASTERN SOUTHWEST SOUTHWEST WESTERN LESSER ANABAR- MAYA & <II z "'<II SOUTHERN NORTHERN WESTERN 01 HIMALAYA, OLENEK, <II Chinese Zone "".:<c~ YUNNAN, SICHUAN, SHAANXI, HUBEI, ALDAN-LENA, Ci)'" c KAZAKHSTAN IRAN MONGOLIA a ~E" .. CHINA CHINA. CHINA CHINA INDIA SIBERIA SIBERIA N Diandongia Hupeidiscus pista Diandongia Hupeidiscus ~iiandongia pista, pisla orientalis rrelagiefla Eoredllchia sp. orientalis Pelagiel/a lorenzi Z V Eoredlichia Pelagiella Pelagiella Pelagiella -c Tsunyidiscus sp Botsfordia c;; Mianxiandis- emeishanensis lorenzi lorenz; lorenzi c-- cus sp. Eoredlichia so f-Latouchella caeiara ::J 7 torobkovi gpo :r Parabadiella Mianxiandiscus Eoredlichia sp. polymerid Ne Botsfordiaso, sp, Mianxiandis- trilobites "Eoredlichia so. Z caelala cus sp. 0 Hanchungella Lapworthella IV Parabadiefla r Allonnia sp. cornu 0 - J Adyshevitheca Rhombocorn ~ Microdictyon l-adyshevi iculum sp. cancellatum Lapworthella Rhombocorn cornu iculum Pelagiella sp. Allonnia Tannuolina SP. adyshevi cancellatum ~~hombocorn- Iripodophora Microdictyon iculum III Slnosachltes Cambroclavus Allonnia Archiaslerefla Sinosachiles sp.) effusum cancellatum pentactina sp. tripodophora Cambroclavus Sinosachiles chancelloriids sp. z so -c Ir r""""''' ------ ~:apworlhel'a I Z bella ::Jo Paragloborilus- II Worellella ~rel/ellalenliformis I-Lapworthella ::J Siphogonuchites ® lentiformis ~Torellella :r: Lapworthella Tiksitheca bella ell watOUChelia [~atOUChella ~:atouchella lids lentiformis ijj Latouchella Lalouchella korobkovi gpo korobkovi gpo korobkovi tortuosa Maldeotaia Fomilchelfa alf. ? Aldanella sp. Lalouchella Tiksilheca llcis :=; B korobkovi gpo korobkovi gpo Aldanella SP. Aldanella so, ~:atouchella bandalica infundib. korobkovi gpo korobkovi gpo Latouchella Tiksilheca lie is Tiksilheca Iicls ® ® Barbilositheca Hexanqulacon., Barbilosilheca ~ Barskovia sp Aldanella spp, korobkovi gpo Ana barites- ®ansala ularia formosa ansata Tiksitheca licis f:"iksitheca lieis Fomitchella Barskovia sp. I ® Tiksilheca tlcis Protohertzina ® Hexangula l Anabarites lMaikhanella infundib. Aldanella sp. ~:~~:ft~~a® Irisulcatus mulla Malkhanella Prolohertzlna conuraria molla Forrutchefla so. ® anabarica Anabarites formosa @ Anabariles ~~nabarites Anabariles Anabarites trisulcatus A @,risulcatus @ trisulcatus trisulcatus Protohertzina •rtsutcatus, trisulcatus. ~:nabariles Anabariles ® Protonertzfna trisuJcatus TZAnabariles so, anabarica Protoherlzina Protohertzina ®trisulcatus Protohertzina Protohertzina Protohertzina Proloherlzina anabarica Protohertzina anabarica anabarica Z anabarica anabarica rON""anabarica anabarica Sabellidites anabarica ~ Chuaria- Sinotubulites so. x Vendotaenia sp. C1 Charnia group Chuaria group ~ '0' flora Chuaria group Tyrasotaenia >- Vendotaenia Hyolilhellus sc, sp, Cl sp. Z + w Charnia 0 fauna Charnia group Charnia group Figure 3.2. Correlation chart for the Late Precambrian to Early Cambrian of various regions including SW Asia (after Brasier 1989). Figure 3.3. General view of the Banestan Formation in contact Figure 3.4. Lower part of Mohammad Abad Sandstone, type with the Rizu formation E of Zarand, locality, Kennan area. B, Banestan Formation; C, contact with Mohammad Abad Sandstone; L, playa lake deposits of latter unit. Figure 3.5. General view of the Lalun Formation (Lower Figure 3.6. Erosional contact between Khoram Abad Sandstone Sandstone Unit left, Khoram Abad Sandstone right), 750 m S of (left) and overlying dolomitic Banestan Formation (right), both Mohammad Abad village. overturned; Kuhbanan area. Figure 3.7. Gypsiferous facies of Kuhbanan Formation, Figure 3.8. General view of Kuhbanan Formation (right), Hatkan Shabdjereh area. Dolomite (middle) and Shabdjereh Formation (left), Shabdjereh area. Thick-- Depositional nea. (m) environments ~/ 7 \ lagoon :7 7 \ '7 7 360 / 7 deposits 7 7 supratidal / / \ 1/ 7 \ \ r7 320 \ 1/ 7 \ 1/ / \ 1/ \ 7 \ 280 7" \ 7 71 \ 7 7 \ 7. \ 7 \ 240 / ./ \ 7 7" \ \ i.> 7 \ 7 [\ 7' \ 200 1./ ,--..,.-. ./ v ./ .> / ~/---- V ..........--. .... ............... ./ -----. 7 ./ ..... ..... ..... ./ ./ <, »: 160 :7 :;::>I <, rv>'"""" »: ./ ./ <, /'"V""\ ./ 7' "7 <, <, <, ./ rv"'"\ ./ + + + + + ..... rv-a ./ + + + + -t .... .... rV"\. ./ + + + + + ..... ~ ./ .. .. .. .. oj. ------ + + + + + ./ - 120 +~. +0+- +-1:+.+ ,.., ,.., ./ 80 ./ 7' 0+- 0+- + + +1 v-v-l + + + + + + + + + - 40 -v-v- high energy / ///../1<, -v-,,- /./ /// <, -v-v- coastal sand .......... " .... <, <, v-'V-" ~ ////// .... ... .... ..... ... ~ '" . .. _v_v_ ',;.'. '...•0. ',', ) ./././ / /./ 0 (a) (b) (c) Figure 3.9. Sections through the Banestan Formation; a, Veraoun valley; b, 25 km NW of Zarand; c, S of Behabad. Thick- Depositional environmemts ness (rn) .. Q) ./ I .Q 360 / E Q) 1/ E supratidal-intertidal v L ....Q) V .- v E 320 V ~ 0 deposits / 0 L "C.. Q) c. c. 280 ::l ,.. ~ 240 . ". ... " .. Q) .Q E Q) x 200 '" :E Q) l< ~ ..2!>. '" CI3 .r: " • rJ) .. ::l .r: 160 c. .. CI3 .r: o 120 ./ .. L Q) .Q L E 80 Q) E Q) .....- E / 0 40 0 "C L .. Q):: ./ 0 0 1/ L - Figure 3.10. Columnar section through the Soltanieh Formation, Tabas area. Thick- Grain size Depositional environments ness (m) & Facies· association Sh F C ! I,• I I, Sh 35 lake-flood plain 30 FI 25 Sh FI 20 Sh 15 "'\. ,.. "............. .. Gms alluvial fan S 10 . "- Sm <, FI .~:~ .,~ . Gms 5 <, Sm "- "'"'- ~ 0 Gms Figure 3.11. Columnar section through the Zaigun Formation, Kerman area. .. ~. 9:~.. Fl.' . p ·... 1 h.\ . :: ·· <, ··7~ 'A' .- ..... 1· \ :..-.j .J \ . : . :02\ . ~ - '. \J. "'j "". - -~., o~ 300 km LEG END II Sand dune o Cultivated area o II No C., II Low terraces o I I High terraces ~ -a" I JSI Shemshak Formation Siltstone, shale, sandstone. Limestone. (,) Te Espahk Limestone III ..III Tsh Shotorl Formation Limestone & dolomite, dolomite In the upper part. ~ Ts Sorkh Shale Formation Sandstone, shale, dolomite. c.. C Bahram Formation Limestone & shale. o ..> Os Padehat & Slbzar Formations Alternations of sandstone &
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