A Framework for Empirical Assessment of Agricultural Sustainability: the Case of Iran
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The Role of Agriculture Finance in Modern Technologies Adoption For
The role of agriculture finance in modern technologies adoption for enhanced productivity and rural household economic wellbeing in Ghana: A case study of rice farmers in Shai-Osudoku District. Evans Sackey Teye1*(†) & Philip Tetteh Quarshie23(†) 1 School of Public Services and Governance, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana 2 Department of Geography Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada 3 Guelph Institute of Development Studies, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada *Corresponding author P.O. Box CE 12116, Tema, Ghana Email: [email protected] Abstract Rural and agricultural finance innovations have significant potential to improve the livelihoods and food security of the poor. Although microfinance has been widely studied, an extensive knowledge gap still exists on the nuts and bolts of expanding access to rural and agricultural finance. This study uses focus group discussion, key informant interview, and quantitative household survey to explore how smallholders access credits and loans influence adoption of modern production technologies and what are perceived limitations to access these financial instruments in the Shia-Osuduku District in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The specific objectives of the study are; (1) to assess the challenges rice farmers face in accessing finance, (2) to determine if access to finance impacts the adoption of modern rice production technologies and (3) to determine whether loan investments in improved technologies increase productivity and income levels of farmers. The study noted that issues of mistrust for smallholder farmers by financial institutions act as barriers to facilitating their access to loans and credits. Banks and financial institutions relay their mistrust through actions such as requesting outrageous collateral, guarantors, a high sum of savings capital, and a high-interest rate for agriculture loans, delays, and bureaucratic processes in accessing loans. -
Bam, Iran Earthquake of 26 December 2003, Mw6.5: a Study on the Strong Ground Motions
13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 8001 BAM, IRAN EARTHQUAKE OF 26 DECEMBER 2003, MW6.5: A STUDY ON THE STRONG GROUND MOTIONS Mehdi ZARE1 SUMMARY The Bam earthquake of 26 December 2003 (Mw6.5) occurred at 01:56:56 (GMT, 05:26:56 local time) around the city of Bam in the southeast of Iran. The Bam earthquake of 26/12/2003 (Mw6.5) has demolished the city of Bam, having a population of about 100000 at the time of the earthquake. The Bam fault - which was mapped before the event on the geological maps - has been reactivated during the 26/12/2003 earthquake. It seems that a length of about 10km (at the surface) of this fault has been reactivated, where it passed exactly from the east of the city of Bam. The fault has a slop towards the west and the foci of the event was located closed to the residential area (almost beneath the city of Bam). This caused a great damage in the macroseismic epicentral zone; however the strong motions have been attenuated very rapidly, specially towards the east-and west (fault normal) direction. The vertical directivity effects caused the amplification of the low frequency motions in the fault-normal direction as well as the greater amplitude of the motion on the vertical direction. INTRODUCTION The Bam earthquake of 26/12/2003 (Mw6.5) demolished the city of Bam in the southeast of Iran (Figure- 1). The earthquake happened at 5:26 am local time when most of the inhabitants were slept, that can be one of the causes of the great life losses. -
14 Days Persia Classic Tour Overview
Tour Name: 14 Days Persia Classic Tour Tour Code: OT1114001 Tour Duration: 14 Days and 13 Nights Tour Category: Discovery / Cultural Tour Difficulty: 2 Tour Tags: Classic Tour Tour Best Date: 12 months Tour Services Type: 3*/4* / All-inclusive Tour Destinations: Tehran/Kashan/Esfahan/Yazd/Shiraz/Kerman Related tours code: Number ticket limits: 2-16 Overview: Landing to Persia, Iran is a country with endless history and tradition and you explore both ancient Persia and modern Iran. Our Persia Classic Tour program includes the natural and historical attractions old central parts of Iran. In this route, we will visit cities like Tehran, Kashan, Isfahan, Yazd, Shiraz and finally Kerman. Actually, in most of these areas, living in warm and dry areas has been linked with history and has shaped the lifestyle that is specific to these areas. Highlights: . It’s a 14 days Iran classic discovery and cultural tour. The tour starts and ends in Tehran. In between, we visit 6 main cities and 17 amazing UNESCO world heritage site in Iran. Visit amazing UNESCO world heritage sites in Iran Tour Map: Tour Itinerary: Landing to PERSIA Welcome to Iran. To be met by your tour guide at the airport (IKA airport), you will be transferred to your hotel. We will visit Golestan Palace* (one of Iran UNESCO World Heritage site) and grand old bazaar of Tehran (depends on arrival time). O/N Tehran Magic of Desert (Kashan) Leaving Tehran behind, on our way to Kashan, we visit Ouyi underground city. Then continue to Kashan to visit Tabatabayi historical house, Borujerdiha/Abbasian historical house, Fin Persian garden*, a relaxing and visually impressive Persian garden with water channels all passing through a central pavilion. -
Kuhbanan Phonetic Atlas; the First Linguistic Atlas of Kerman Province
Journal of Linguistics & Khorasan Dialects Biannual, No.1 /Serial Number.16 (2017) 29 Kuhbanan Phonetic Atlas; the first linguistic Atlas of Kerman Province Hamed Mowlaei Kuhbanani 1 PhD Candidate in Linguistics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Dr. Abasali Ahangar Associate Professor in Linguistics, Sistan & Baluchestan University, Zahedan, Iran Received: 20 September 2016 Accepted: 13 September 2017 Extended Abstract 1- Introduction There are both social and geographical differences among dialects of every country. Finding linguistics boundaries, drawing linguistics maps and preparing linguistics Atlases are the most important activities in geographical linguistics. This study intends to introduce the Kuhbanan linguistics Atlas as the first linguistic Atlas of Kerman Province. This Atlas includes the distribution of some Persian linguistics variables of Kuhbanani dialect spoken in Kuhbanan and Khoramdasht regions in Kerman Province. The main purpose is to introduce the linguistic atlases based on the differences of Kuhbanani dialect in these two regions. However, The geographical distribution of some Middle Persian linguistic variables observed in these two regions under investigation also is displayed, too. 2- Methodology As to the methodology of this research, at first, the guide linguistic variables as well as the main one were determined by the free speech and interview of upper 55 years old, uneducated male and female Kuhbanani speakers of 30 villages. Afterwards, a questionnaire and lexical list have been provided and carried out. At last, based on the linguistic data collected, the differences and similarities observed in the distribution of the relevant linguistic variables as well as some remnants of Middle Persian variables in Kuhbanani dialect have been shown through isoglosses on linguistic atlases. -
Sand Dune Systems in Iran - Distribution and Activity
Sand Dune Systems in Iran - Distribution and Activity. Wind Regimes, Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Aeolian Sediment Transport in Sistan Plain (East Iran) Dissertation Thesis Submitted for obtaining the degree of Doctor of Natural Science (Dr. rer. nat.) i to the Fachbereich Geographie Philipps-Universität Marburg by M.Sc. Hamidreza Abbasi Marburg, December 2019 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Christian Opp Physical Geography Faculty of Geography Phillipps-Universität Marburg ii To my wife and my son (Hamoun) iii A picture of the rock painting in the Golpayegan Mountains, my city in Isfahan province of Iran, it is written in the Sassanid Pahlavi line about 2000 years ago: “Preserve three things; water, fire, and soil” Translated by: Prof. Dr. Rasoul Bashash, Photo: Mohammad Naserifard, winter 2004. Declaration by the Author I declared that this thesis is composed of my original work, and contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference has been made in the text. I have clearly stated the contribution by others to jointly-authored works that I have included in my thesis. Hamidreza Abbasi iv List of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................. 1 1. General Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 7 1.1 Introduction and justification ........................................................................................................ -
A Values-Based Approach to Exploring Synergies Between Livestock Farming and Landscape Conservation in Galicia (Spain)
sustainability Article A Values-Based Approach to Exploring Synergies between Livestock Farming and Landscape Conservation in Galicia (Spain) Paul Swagemakers 1,*, Maria Dolores Dominguez Garcia 2, Amanda Onofa Torres 3, Henk Oostindie 4 and Jeroen C. J. Groot 3 ID 1 Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Business and Tourism, University of Vigo, Campus Universitario As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain 2 Department of Applied Economics IV, Faculty of Social Work, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; [email protected] 3 Farming Systems Ecology Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] (A.O.T.); [email protected] (J.C.J.G.) 4 Rural Sociology Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-986-818-644 Received: 27 September 2017; Accepted: 26 October 2017; Published: 31 October 2017 Abstract: The path to sustainable development involves creating coherence and synergies in the complex relationships between economic and ecological systems. In sustaining their farm businesses farmers’ differing values influence their decisions about agroecosystem management, leading them to adopt diverging farming practices. This study explores the values of dairy and beef cattle farmers, the assumptions that underpin them, and the various ways that these lead farmers to combine food production with the provision of other ecosystem services, such as landscape conservation and biodiversity preservation. This paper draws on empirical research from Galicia (Spain), a marginal and mountainous European region whose livestock production system has undergone modernization in recent decades, exposing strategic economic, social and ecological vulnerabilities. -
Finca+Slow+Permaculture.Pdf
Farming and Smallholding © Johanna McTiernan Dan McTiernan describes how regenerative agriculture is transforming olive groves in Spain and introduces © Johanna McTiernan transnational cropshare Restoring Agriculture in the Mediterranean “It’s not just that traditional Mediter- Together with our friends, who own healthy, perennial Mediterranean crops heavy input, bare-earth paradigm ranean agriculture isn’t sustainable a similar piece of land, and working that can’t be grown in Britain easily. of agriculture that is having such a ... it isn’t even viable on any level in partnership with IPM, we have If managed holistically, olives, nut destructive impact on the environ- anymore!” That was one of the first started Terra CSA, a multi-farm com- bearing trees such as almonds, and ment and the climate. All other things Richard Wade of Instituto munity supported agriculture project vine products like red wine, are about non-cold-pressed seed oils require Permacultura Montsant (IPM) said using permaculture and regenerative as perennial and sustainable as crops high levels of processing involving to us during our six month intern- agriculture to build soil and deliver come. We want the UK to still be heat and solvents in the extraction ship with him here in the south of olive oil, almonds and wine direct to able to access these incredibly process that are energy and resource Catalunya, Spain. cropshare members in the UK. nutritious products alongside the heavy and questionable in terms of With his doom laden words still Having been involved in community need to relocalise as much of our health to people and the planet. -
An Evaluation of Challenges Facing Smallholders in Ghana: a Case Study for the Aowin Suaman District
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.6, No.3, 2016 An Evaluation of Challenges Facing Smallholders in Ghana: A Case Study for the Aowin Suaman District Emmanuel Asafo-Adjei 1* Emmanuel Buabeng 2 1. Research Department, National Disaster Management Organisation, P.O.BoxCT3994, Accra-Ghana 2. Departments of Economics, College of Arts and Social Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana Abstract The majority of the Ghanaians populations live in rural areas where their livelihoods depend on smallholding agriculture. Smallholding farmers produce about 28.3% of GDP and 10% of all exports by value. It is estimated that 85% of cereals, 40% of rice and 100% of starch staple food, including significant exports and raw materials for local industries are produced by this type of farming system. Despite these contributions to food security, the sector is plagued with several challenges which militate against their success. Though, many researchers have discussed these challenges but failed to account for the magnitude and severity of these challenges with quantitative evidence as well as the sequential order of the problems. In an attempt to fill this gap, factor analysis methodology is used to evaluate the weight of each challenge confronting farmers in Ghana. With a semi- structured questionnaire, random sampling technique was used to select 381 farmers and interviewed. The findings revealed that five components containing 28 variables determine about 80% percent variations in the production of smallholders. These factors were named as managerial challenges (26.286% of variance), technological challenges (24.045% of variance), marketing challenges (15.685% of variance), extension services challenges (6.933 % of variance) and health related challenges (6.839% of variance). -
Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus Dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346797398 Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran Article · December 2020 CITATIONS READS 0 33 3 authors, including: Jamshid Ehsani Nia Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh University of Guilan University of Guilan 6 PUBLICATIONS 4 CITATIONS 160 PUBLICATIONS 1,090 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Effect of udder health on milk yield and milk composition in Holstein cows View project Hair Mineral Analysis of the Caspian Horses View project All content following this page was uploaded by Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh on 09 December 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Ehsaninia et al. Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran 1* 2 3 Research Article J. Ehsaninia , B. Faye and N. Ghavi Hossein‐Zadeh 1 Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran 2 FAO/CIRAD‐ES, Campus Internaonal de Baillarguet, TA C/dir B 34398 Montpellier, France 3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Received on: 8 Jan 2019 Revised on: 21 Mar 2019 Accepted on: 31 Mar 2019 Online Published on: Dec 2020 *Correspondence E‐mail: [email protected] © 2010 Copyright by Islamic Azad Univers ity, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran Online version is available on: www.ijas.ir The aims of the present study were to evaluate phenotypic diversity and to determine the live body weight of camel ecotypes elevated in the south region of Kerman province in Iran. -
The Seismotectonics of the Western and Southern Margins of Lut Block, Central Iran
THE SEISMOTECTONICS OF THE WESTERN AND SOUTHERN MARGINS OF LUT BLOCK, CENTRAL IRAN Ahmad Rashidi Assistant Professor, Department of Seismotectonics, IIEES, Tehran, Iran Hossein Kianimehr Iranian Seismological Center, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Iran Keywords: Active Fault, Seismotectonics, Seismisity, Lut Block, Central Iran ABSTRACT The western and southwestern margins of the Lut Block in SE of Iran have experienced many historical and instrumental destructive earthquakes in which with 11 destructive earthquakes from 1977 to 2012, with about 195km surface rupturing in this area. In this study, we used different data sources by merging DEM terrain interpretation and satellite images (acquired from Quickbird, Aster and landsat and viewed in Google Earth) analysis with geomorphological surveys. We introduced a number of faults for the first time and also we investigated activity evidences for a group of the previous known faults. Our results have general applications in describing en-echelon faults, development of releasing and restraining bends and also in fault growth studies. According to earthquake distributions, we found that Nayband is almost aseismic in comparison with other systems, and also a diffuse pattern for Sabzevaran fault system. INTRODUCTION Tectonics of Iran is especially characterized by active faulting, large destructive earthquakes and Quaternary volcanism. About 189,640 human fatalities are reported due to 130 earthquakes in Iran in period of 1900 to 2016; on average 1459 persons in each year. 17 of these earthquakes resulted in more than 1000 victims each, and 11 of them were larger than magnitude 7 [National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, 2016]. A substantial part of the earthquake fatalities is due to tectonic activities along the eastern and western margins of the Lut Block, which is considered as a rigid block with a thin crustal structure [Dehghani and Makris, 1984]. -
Tafoni Phenomena in the Kerman Province of Iran: Short Description and Pictures
Geo-Eco-Trop., 2014, 38, 2 : 289-304 Tafoni phenomena in the Kerman Province of Iran: Short description and pictures Brève description avec illustrations photographiques de phénomènes Tafoni dans la province de Kerman en Iran Iradj ESCHGHI (*) Résumé : La formation de tafoni dans la province de Kerman en Iran est présentée pour la première fois dans la note brève ci-après avec une galerie de photos illustrative. Les tafoni représentés se développent en plusieurs endroits dans différents matériaux rocheux: du basalte dans le désert de Lut, un champ volcanique du Plateau de Gandom Beryan, de l’andésite dans la grotte d’Ayub près de la ville de Dehaj, du tuf volcanique dans le village de Marj et du grès près de la ville de Hojedk. Mots-clés: Iran, Province de Kerman, Formation de Tafoni, Différents matériaux rocheux Abstract: Tafoni formation in the Kerman province of Iran is described for the first time in this paper illustrated by a pictures gallery. Tafoni develop in lots of areas in different rock types such as: basalt in the Lut desert, volcanic field of the Gandom Beryan Plateau , andesite in the Ayub cave near the town of Dehaj , tuff near the village of Marj and sandstone near the town of Hojedk Keywords: Iran, Kerman province, Tafoni formation, Various rock types INTRODUCTION Because of thermal changes, mineral decomposition, water and wind action, and salt weathering, natural cavities called Tafoni develop in various (granular) rock types. These cavities are of different forms: spherical, ellipsoidal, kidney-shaped, pan to bowl shaped… The origin of the word tafoni is uncertain; maybe it is derived from the Corsican dialect “tafone” and is synonymous with window (KLAER 1956). -
Characteristics of 2017 Hojedk Earthquake Sequence in Kerman Province, Southeast Iran
Revista Geoaraguaia ISSN:2236-9716 Barra do Garças – MT v.10, n. esp. Geologia e Pedologia p.187-201. Dez-2020 CHARACTERISTICS OF 2017 HOJEDK EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE IN KERMAN PROVINCE, SOUTHEAST IRAN CARACTERÍSTICAS DA SEQUÊNCIA DE TERREMOTO HOJEDK 2017 NA PROVÍNCIA DE KERMAN, SUDESTE DO IRÃ Nassim Mahdavi-Omran1 Mohammad-Reza Gheitanchi2 ABSTRACT Kerman province in southeast Iran, has experienced historical and instrumentally recorded earthquakes. In December 2017, three destructive earthquakes have occurred around Hojedk, in Kerman within 11 days. In this study, first the regional seismotectonics and seismicity is presented. Then, the source mechanisms of main shocks are modeled and the results are compared with the active faults and seismicity pattern is discussed. Moment tensor inversion in time domain is used to obtain the source mechanism of earthquakes. The results indicate that the mechanisms of main shocks and aftershocks are mainly reverse and are in agreement with the trend of tectonic forces as well as the mechanisms of other earthquakes. The epicentral distribution of aftershocks indicates two clusters. The spatial distributions of clusters are in agreement with the epicentral distribution of main shocks. The cluster around the first earthquake in EW cross section has a length 15-20 Km, while the cluster around the second and third has a length about 20-25 Km. The Hojedk earthquakes occurred along the northern extension of previous earthquakes where a kind of seismic gap could be observed and still exists. In 1972, within five days four earthquakes with magnitudes 5.5 to 6.2 occurred in Sefidabeh region in eastern edge of Lut block.