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Hearing on the Report of the Chief Justice of Gibraltar
[2009] UKPC 43 Privy Council No 0016 of 2009 HEARING ON THE REPORT OF THE CHIEF JUSTICE OF GIBRALTAR REFERRAL UNDER SECTION 4 OF THE JUDICIAL COMMITTEE ACT 1833 before Lord Phillips Lord Hope Lord Rodger Lady Hale Lord Brown Lord Judge Lord Clarke ADVICE DELIVERED ON 12 November 2009 Heard on 15,16, 17, and 18 June 2009 Chief Justice of Gibraltar Governor of Gibraltar Michael Beloff QC Timothy Otty QC Paul Stanley (Instructed by Clifford (Instructed by Charles Chance LLP) Gomez & Co and Carter Ruck) Government of Gibraltar James Eadie QC (Instructed by R J M Garcia) LORD PHILLIPS : 1. The task of the Committee is to advise Her Majesty whether The Hon. Mr Justice Schofield, Chief Justice of Gibraltar, should be removed from office by reason of inability to discharge the functions of his office or for misbehaviour. The independence of the judiciary requires that a judge should never be removed without good cause and that the question of removal be determined by an appropriate independent and impartial tribunal. This principle applies with particular force where the judge in question is a Chief Justice. In this case the latter requirement has been abundantly satisfied both by the composition of the Tribunal that conducted the initial enquiry into the relevant facts and by the composition of this Committee. This is the advice of the majority of the Committee, namely, Lord Phillips, Lord Brown, Lord Judge and Lord Clarke. Security of tenure of judicial office under the Constitution 2. Gibraltar has two senior judges, the Chief Justice and a second Puisne Judge. -
An Overlooked Colonial English of Europe: the Case of Gibraltar
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................WORK IN PROGESS WORK IN PROGRESS TOMASZ PACIORKOWSKI DOI: 10.15290/CR.2018.23.4.05 Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań An Overlooked Colonial English of Europe: the Case of Gibraltar Abstract. Gibraltar, popularly known as “The Rock”, has been a British overseas territory since the Treaty of Utrecht was signed in 1713. The demographics of this unique colony reflect its turbulent past, with most of the population being of Spanish, Portuguese or Italian origin (Garcia 1994). Additionally, there are prominent minorities of Indians, Maltese, Moroccans and Jews, who have also continued to influence both the culture and the languages spoken in Gibraltar (Kellermann 2001). Despite its status as the only English overseas territory in continental Europe, Gibraltar has so far remained relatively neglected by scholars of sociolinguistics, new dialect formation, and World Englishes. The paper provides a summary of the current state of sociolinguistic research in Gibraltar, focusing on such aspects as identity formation, code-switching, language awareness, language attitudes, and norms. It also delineates a plan for further research on code-switching and national identity following the 2016 Brexit referendum. Keywords: Gibraltar, code-switching, sociolinguistics, New Englishes, dialect formation, Brexit. 1. Introduction Gibraltar is located on the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula and measures just about 6 square kilometres. This small size, however, belies an extraordinarily complex political history and social fabric. In the Brexit referendum of 23rd of June 2016, the inhabitants of Gibraltar overwhelmingly expressed their willingness to continue belonging to the European Union, yet at the moment it appears that they will be forced to follow the decision of the British govern- ment and leave the EU (Garcia 2016). -
Gibraltar's Constitutional Future
RESEARCH PAPER 02/37 Gibraltar’s Constitutional 22 MAY 2002 Future “Our aims remain to agree proposals covering all outstanding issues, including those of co-operation and sovereignty. The guiding principle of those proposals is to build a secure, stable and prosperous future for Gibraltar and a modern sustainable status consistent with British and Spanish membership of the European Union and NATO. The proposals will rest on four important pillars: safeguarding Gibraltar's way of life; measures of practical co-operation underpinned by economic assistance to secure normalisation of relations with Spain and the EU; extended self-government; and sovereignty”. Peter Hain, HC Deb, 31 January 2002, c.137WH. In July 2001 the British and Spanish Governments embarked on a new round of negotiations under the auspices of the Brussels Process to resolve the sovereignty dispute over Gibraltar. They aim to reach agreement on all unresolved issues by the summer of 2002. The results will be put to a referendum in Gibraltar. The Government of Gibraltar has objected to the process and has rejected any arrangement involving shared sovereignty between Britain and Spain. Gibraltar is pressing for the right of self-determination with regard to its constitutional future. The Brussels Process covers a wide range of topics for discussion. This paper looks primarily at the sovereignty debate. It also considers how the Gibraltar issue has been dealt with at the United Nations. Vaughne Miller INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AND DEFENCE SECTION HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY Recent Library Research Papers include: List of 15 most recent RPs 02/22 Social Indicators 10.04.02 02/23 The Patents Act 1977 (Amendment) (No. -
Thesis.Pdf (PDF, 297.83KB)
Cover Illustrations by the Author after two drawings by François Boucher. i Contents Note on Dates iii. Introduction 1. Chapter I - The Coming of the Dutchman: Prior’s Diplomatic Apprenticeship 7. Chapter II - ‘Mat’s Peace’, the betrayal of the Dutch, and the French friendship 17. Chapter III - The Treaty of Commerce and the Empire of Trade 33. Chapter IV - Matt, Harry, and the Idea of a Patriot King 47. Conclusion - ‘Britannia Rules the Waves’ – A seventy-year legacy 63. Bibliography 67. ii Note on Dates: The dates used in the following are those given in the sources from which each particular reference comes, and do not make any attempt to standardize on the basis of either the Old or New System. It should also be noted that whilst Englishmen used the Old System at home, it was common (and Matthew Prior is no exception) for them to use the New System when on the Continent. iii Introduction It is often the way with historical memory that the man seen by his contemporaries as an important powerbroker is remembered by posterity as little more than a minor figure. As is the case with many men of the late-Seventeenth- and early-Eighteenth-Centuries, Matthew Prior’s (1664-1721) is hardly a household name any longer. Yet in the minds of his contemporaries and in the political life of his country even after his death his importance was, and is, very clear. Since then he has been the subject of three full-length biographies, published in 1914, 1921, and 1939, all now out of print.1 Although of low birth Prior managed to attract the attention of wealthy patrons in both literary and diplomatic circles and was, despite his humble station, blessed with an education that was to be the foundation of his later success. -
“Burden of War” in the Western Mediterranean, 1703–1708
international journal of military history and historiography 39 (2019) 7-33 IJMH brill.com/ijmh Britain, Austria, and the “Burden of War” in the Western Mediterranean, 1703–1708 Caleb Karges* Concordia University Irvine, California [email protected] Abstract The Austrian and British alliance in the Western Mediterranean from 1703 to 1708 is used as a case study in the problem of getting allies to cooperate at the strategic and operational levels of war. Differing grand strategies can lead to disagreements about strategic priorities and the value of possible operations. However, poor personal rela- tions can do more to wreck an alliance than differing opinions over strategy. While good personal relations can keep an alliance operating smoothly, it is often military necessity (and the threat of grand strategic failure) that forces important compro- mises. In the case of the Western Mediterranean, it was the urgent situation created by the Allied defeat at Almanza that forced the British and Austrians to create a work- able solution. Keywords War of the Spanish Succession – Coalition Warfare – Austria – Great Britain – Mediter- ranean – Spain – Strategy * Caleb Karges obtained his MLitt and PhD in Modern History from the University of St An- drews, United Kingdom in 2010 and 2015, respectively. His PhD thesis on the Anglo-Austrian alliance during the War of the Spanish Succession received the International Commission of Military History’s “André Corvisier Prize” in 2017. He is currently an Assistant Professor of History at Concordia University Irvine in Irvine, California, usa. © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2019 | doi:10.1163/24683302-03901002Downloaded from Brill.com09/26/2021 05:14:25AM via free access <UN> 8 Karges 1 Introduction1 There were few wars in European history before 1789 as large as the War of the Spanish Succession. -
Gibraltar-Messenger.Net
GIBRALTAR’S GAMBLE WITH 5G The full report is available online at gibraltarmessenger.net Introduction – The Battle with Safety Standards Pages 2-3 SECTION 1 – ICNIRP versus The CHALLENGERS Pages 4-18 SECTION 2 – IEEE versus The CHALLENGERS Pages 19-28 SECTION 3 – SCENIHR versus The CHALLENGERS Pages 29-33 SECTION 4 – PHE versus The CHALLENGERS Pages 34-49 SECTION 5 – WHO versus The CHALLENGERS Pages 50-62 SECTION 6 – GIBRALTAR: Welcome to the 5G Trials Pages 63-77 SECTION 7 – GIBRALTARIANS: Welcome to the 5G Human Trials Pages 78-95 SECTION 6 – GIBRALTAR: Welcome to the 5G Trials The Gibraltar 5G Trial is part of a worldwide coordinated effort to connect the world digitally. Engineers and officials in telecommunications industries, with network providers, suppliers, and operators worked together through professional organizations to develop the 5G plan. The Gibraltar Regulatory Authority which is responsible for managing the frequency spectrum in Gibraltar, like the International Trade Union is responsible for the world spectrum, is involved in the promotion to foster local competition in this new phase. Gibtelecom and the Government of Gibraltar are also involved for obvious perceived economic growth. Ericsson is a major player, with clients worldwide. And though there seems to be “a race”, it’s really more like a marketing scheme – and we all know about the hype of having endless entertainment options etc. What we aren’t so aware of is its military application dealing with total surveillance and weaponry. Section 6 Topics Include but -
Download Guide
#VISITGIBRALTAR GIBRALTAR WHAT TO SEE & DO ST MICHAEL’S CAVE & LOWER ST THE WINDSOR BRIDGE MICHAEL’S CAVE This tourist attraction is definitely not This beautiful natural grotto was prepared as for the faint-hearted, but more intrepid a hospital during WWII; today it is a unique residents and visitors can visit the new auditorium. There is also a lower segment that suspension bridge at Royal Anglian Way. provides the most adventurous visitor with an This spectacular feat of engineering is experience never to be forgotten, however, 71metres in length, across a 50-metre-deep these tours need to be pre-arranged. gorge. Gibraltar Nature Reserve, Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Gibraltar APES’ DEN WORLD WAR II TUNNELS One of Gibraltar’s most important tourist During WWII an attack on Gibraltar was attractions, the Barbary Macaques are imminent. The answer was to construct a actually tailless monkeys. We recommend massive network of tunnels in order to build that you do not carry any visible signs of food a fortress inside a fortress. or touch these animals as they may bite. GREAT SIEGE TUNNELS 9.2” GUN, O’HARA’S BATTERY The Great Siege Tunnels are an impressive Located at the highest point of the Rock, defence system devised by military engineers. O’Hara’s Battery houses a 9.2” gun with Excavated during the Great Siege of 1779-83, original WWII material on display and a film these tunnels were hewn into the rock with from 1947 is also on show. the aid of the simplest of tools and gunpowder. Gibraltar Nature Reserve, Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Gibraltar THE SKYWALK THE MOORISH CASTLE Standing 340 metres directly above sea level, The superbly conserved Moorish Castle is the Skywalk is located higher than the tallest part of the architectural legacy of Gibraltar’s point of The Shard in London. -
Agenda for the 1St Meeting of 2021 to Be Held on 28Th January 2021 at 9.30Am (This Meeting Will Be Held Remotely Via Video Conferencing)
THE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA Agenda for the 1st meeting of 2021 to be held on 28th January 2021 at 9.30am (this meeting will be held remotely via video conferencing). Mr P Origo (Chairman) (Town Planner) The Hon Dr J Garcia (Deputy Chief Minister) The Hon Dr J Cortes (Minister for Environment, Sustainability, Climate Change and Education) Mr H Montado (Chief Technical Officer) Mr G Matto (Technical Services Department) Mrs C Montado (Gibraltar Heritage Trust) Mr K De Los Santos (Land Property Services) Dr K Bensusan (Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society) Mr C Viagas Mrs J Howitt (Environmental Safety Group) Mr M Cooper (Rep Commander British Forces, Gibraltar) Mr P Naughton-Rumbo (Deputy Town Planner) Mrs L Mifsud (Minute Secretary) 1st Meeting – 28th January 2021-P Page 1 of 12. Approval of Minutes 1. Approval of Minutes of the 12th meeting of 2020 held on 17th December 2020. Matters Arising 2. F/16994/20 Lancashire House, 8 John Snow Close -- Proposed alterations and additions to existing residence to utilise the existing building and add new components to the building. Follows on from Outline To report on any agreement reached between parties and determine application. 3. MA/16928/20 The Cornwall's Centre, Bell Lane/Cornwall's Parade -- Proposed extensions and alterations to ground floor commercial units. Consideration of proposed Minor Amendments including: at Piazza onto Cornwall's Parade changing from proposed metal railings to wall planter constructed in brick and plastered and painted to match building to include replacing open metal handrail; at Piazza onto Cornwall's Parade installing red classic k6 phone booth; and at piazza onto Cornwall's Parade installing awnings to cover unsightly bricked up windows. -
Why the U.S. Should Back British Sovereignty Over Gibraltar Luke Coffey
BACKGROUNDER No. 2879 | FEBRUARY 13, 2014 Self-Determination and National Security: Why the U.S. Should Back British Sovereignty over Gibraltar Luke Coffey Abstract The more than three-centuries-long dispute between Spain and Key Points the United Kingdom over the status of Gibraltar has been heating up again. The U.S. has interests at stake in the dispute: It benefits n Gibraltar’s history is important, from its close relationship with Gibraltar as a British Overseas Ter- and the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht ritory. The Anglo–American Special Relationship means that the is clear that Gibraltar is British today, but most important is U.S. enjoys access to British overseas military bases unlike any other the right of the Gibraltarians to country in the world. From America’s first overseas military inter- self-determination. vention in 1801 against the Barbary States to the most recent military n Since 1801, the U.S. has ben- overseas intervention in 2011 against Qadhafi’s regime in Libya, the efited from its relationship with U.S. has often relied on Gibraltar’s military facilities. An important Gibraltar as a British Overseas part of the Gibraltar dispute between the U.K. and Spain is the right Territory in a way that would not of self-determination of the Gibraltarians—a right on which America be possible with Gibraltar under was founded, and a right that Spain regularly ignores. Spain is an Spanish control. British control of important NATO ally, and home to several U.S. military installations, Gibraltar ensures virtually guar- but its behavior has a direct impact on the effectiveness of U.S. -
Multiculturalism in the Creation of a Gibraltarian Identity
canessa 6 13/07/2018 15:33 Page 102 Chapter Four ‘An Example to the World!’: Multiculturalism in the Creation of a Gibraltarian Identity Luis Martínez, Andrew Canessa and Giacomo Orsini Ethnicity is an essential concept to explain how national identities are articulated in the modern world. Although all countries are ethnically diverse, nation-formation often tends to structure around discourses of a core ethnic group and a hegemonic language.1 Nationalists invent a dominant – and usually essentialised – narrative of the nation, which often set aside the languages, ethnicities, and religious beliefs of minori- ties inhabiting the nation-state’s territory.2 In the last two centuries, many nation-building processes have excluded, removed or segregated ethnic groups from the national narrative and access to rights – even when they constituted the majority of the population as in Bolivia.3 On other occasions, the hosting state assimilated immigrants and ethnic minorities, as they adopted the core-group culture and way of life. This was the case of many immigrant groups in the USA, where, in the 1910s and 1920s, assimilation policies were implemented to acculturate minorities, ‘in attempting to win the immigrant to American ways’.4 In the 1960s, however, the model of a nation-state as being based on a single ethnic group gave way to a model that recognised cultural diver- sity within a national territory. The civil rights movements changed the politics of nation-formation, and many governments developed strate- gies to accommodate those secondary cultures in the nation-state. Multiculturalism is what many poly-ethnic communities – such as, for instance, Canada and Australia – used to redefine their national identi- ties through the recognition of internal cultural difference. -
The 1711 Expedition to Quebec: Politics and the Limitations
THE 1711 EXPEDITION TO QUEBEC: POLITICS AND THE LIMITATIONS OF GLOBAL STRATEGY IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ANNE ADAM JAMES LYONS A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham December 2010 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT To mark the 300th anniversary of the event in question, this thesis analyses the first British attempt to conquer the French colonial city of Quebec. The expedition was a product of the turbulent political environment that was evident towards the end of the reign of Queen Anne. Its failure has consequently proven to be detrimental to the reputations of the expedition‘s commanders, in particular Rear-Admiral Sir Hovenden Walker who was actually a competent and effective naval officer. True blame should lie with his political master, Secretary of State Henry St John, who ensured the expedition‘s failure by maintaining absolute control over it because of his obsession with keeping its objective a secret. -
May 1St – June 20Th
Programme of Events st th May 1 – June 20 May 2019 Wednesday 1st May 11am to 7pm May Day Celebrations Organised by the Gibraltar Cultural Services Featuring SNAP!, Dr Alban, Rozalla, DJ’s No Limits Entertainment, Layla Rose, Art in Movement, Transitions, Mediterranean Dance School, Show Dance Company, JF Dance, the Gibraltar Youth Choir and much more Casemates Square For further information please contact GCS Events Department on 20067236 or email: [email protected] Saturday 4th May 11.30am to 5.30pm Fund Raising Event Organised by the Bassadone Automotive Group Casemates Square For further information please contact Rachel Goodman on telephone number 20059100. 8.30pm to 10.30pm Art Dance 2019 John Mackintosh Square Organised by Art Dance Gibraltar. International professional artists will be showing their works. Local dancers/artists will be invited to participate. For further information please contact [email protected] . 12 noon Re-enactment Society march along Main Street to Casemates Square Monday 7th May – Friday 17th May 10am to 6pm Art Exhibition by Aaron Seruya Fine Arts Gallery, Casemates Square For further information please contact telephone 20052126 or email: [email protected] Wednesday 8th May – Thursday 9th May 8:00pm - 9:00pm Zarzuela – ‘La del Manojo de Rosas’ Organised by Gibraltar Cultural Services John Mackintosh Hall Theatre Tickets £5 from the John Mackintosh Hall as from Tuesday 23rd April between 9am and 4pm For further information please contact telephone 20067236 or email: [email protected] Saturday