Plutarch – Isis and Osiris
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ATLAS of CLASSICAL HISTORY
ATLAS of CLASSICAL HISTORY EDITED BY RICHARD J.A.TALBERT London and New York First published 1985 by Croom Helm Ltd Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003. © 1985 Richard J.A.Talbert and contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Atlas of classical history. 1. History, Ancient—Maps I. Talbert, Richard J.A. 911.3 G3201.S2 ISBN 0-203-40535-8 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-71359-1 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-415-03463-9 (pbk) Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Also available CONTENTS Preface v Northern Greece, Macedonia and Thrace 32 Contributors vi The Eastern Aegean and the Asia Minor Equivalent Measurements vi Hinterland 33 Attica 34–5, 181 Maps: map and text page reference placed first, Classical Athens 35–6, 181 further reading reference second Roman Athens 35–6, 181 Halicarnassus 36, 181 The Mediterranean World: Physical 1 Miletus 37, 181 The Aegean in the Bronze Age 2–5, 179 Priene 37, 181 Troy 3, 179 Greek Sicily 38–9, 181 Knossos 3, 179 Syracuse 39, 181 Minoan Crete 4–5, 179 Akragas 40, 181 Mycenae 5, 179 Cyrene 40, 182 Mycenaean Greece 4–6, 179 Olympia 41, 182 Mainland Greece in the Homeric Poems 7–8, Greek Dialects c. -
Settlement, Urbanization, and Population
OXFORD STUDIES ON THE ROMAN ECONOMY General Editors Alan Bowman Andrew Wilson OXFORD STUDIES ON THE ROMAN ECONOMY This innovative monograph series reflects a vigorous revival of inter- est in the ancient economy, focusing on the Mediterranean world under Roman rule (c. 100 bc to ad 350). Carefully quantified archaeological and documentary data will be integrated to help ancient historians, economic historians, and archaeologists think about economic behaviour collectively rather than from separate perspectives. The volumes will include a substantial comparative element and thus be of interest to historians of other periods and places. Settlement, Urbanization, and Population Edited by ALAN BOWMAN and ANDREW WILSON 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2011 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. -
The Golden Bough (Third Edition, Vol. 6 of 12) by James George Frazer
The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Golden Bough (Third Edition, Vol. 6 of 12) by James George Frazer This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Golden Bough (Third Edition, Vol. 6 of 12) Author: James George Frazer Release Date: January 26, 2013 [Ebook 41923] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GOLDEN BOUGH (THIRD EDITION, VOL. 6 OF 12)*** The Golden Bough A Study in Magic and Religion By James George Frazer, D.C.L., LL.D., Litt.D. Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge Professor of Social Anthropology in the University of Liverpool Vol. VI. of XII. Part IV: Adonis Attis Osiris. Vol. 2 of 2. New York and London MacMillan and Co. 1911 Contents Chapter I. The Myth Of Osiris. .2 Chapter II. The Official Egyptian Calendar. 25 Chapter III. The Calendar of the Egyptian Farmer. 32 § 1. The Rise and Fall of the Nile. 32 § 2. Rites of Irrigation. 35 § 3. Rites of Sowing. 46 § 4. Rites of Harvest. 51 Chapter IV. The Official Festivals of Osiris. 56 § 1. The Festival at Sais. 56 § 2. Feasts of All Souls. 59 § 3. The Festival in the Month of Athyr. 95 § 4. The Festival in the Month of Khoiak. 97 § 5. The Resurrection of Osiris. 101 § 6. Readjustment of Egyptian Festivals. 104 Chapter V. -
Remarks on the Geography of Settlement in the Nile Valley During Hellenistic Times
[EXTnAIT ou BuLl,JffIN DE LA Soc1irE DE GfocnA.PTlIE n'EGYPTE, T. XXXIII] REMARKS ON THE GEOGRAPHY OF SETTLEMENT IN THE NILE VALLEY DURING HELLENISTIC TIMES BY KAIIL W. BUTZER Introduction. The Hellenistic (Ptolemaic-Roman-Byzantine) period of Egyptian history embraces a time span of over a milleninm. The beginnings of contact with the Greek world date back to the founding of Nancratis by the Miletians, apparently during the reign of Pharaoh Amasis (578- 52 5 B. C.), and Greek mercenaries figured prominently in the wal'S of the 2 6. Dynasty of Sais and onwards, until the close of the Ptolemaic period. Factories such as at Tanis and Daphnae were founded by Hellenic merchants so that even before Alexander succeeded the Persian satrap at Memphis in the autumn of 332 B. C., ancient Egyptian culture had been exposed to foreign elements ahnost three centuries. The succeeding millenium until the Arab conquest under Amr ibn al-As in A. D. 639-6/11 represents a curious span of Egyptian history that witnessed the gradual transition from the ancient dynastic Egypt to the modern islamic Egypt, Thus although the Ptolemaic-Roman-Byzantine period is superficially a unit, characterized by the introduction, partial success, eventual rejection and clecay of Hellenism, it consists, fundamentally, of a diversi fied phase of transition, of subtle evolution from the ancient to the modern. Just as a good case can be made for assigning the Ptolemaic period as an appendage to dynastic Egypt, so could one consider the Coptic era a full-fledged precursor to modern Egypt. -
Atlas of Ancient & Classical Geography
mm '> Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/atlasofancientclOO EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY EDITED BY ERNEST RHYS REFERENCE ATLAS OF ANCIENT AND CLASSICAL GEOGRAPHY this is no. 451 of ere'Rjr&izdstis LIB%tA CRjT. THE PUBLISHERS WILL BE PLEASED TO SEND FREELY TO ALL APPLICANTS A LIST OF THE PUBLISHED AND PROJECTED VOLUMES ARRANGED UNDER THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS! TRAVEL ^ SCIENCE ^ FICTION THEOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY HISTORY ^ CLASSICAL FOR YOUNG PEOPLE ESSAYS ^ ORATORY POETRY & DRAMA BIOGRAPHY REFERENCE ' ROMANCE THE ORDINARY EDITION IS BOUND IN CLOTH WITH GILT DESIGN AND COLOURED TOP. THERE IS ALSO A LIBRARY EDITION IN REINFORCED CLOTH J. M. DENT & SONS LTD. ALDINE HOUSE, BEDFORD STREET, LONDON, W.C.2 E. P. DUTTON & CO. INC. 286-302 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK ATLAS OF>S ANCIENT Jg & CLASSICAL GEOGRAPHY (EVERY LONDON &.TORONTO PUBLISHED BYJ M DENT &SONS DP &.IN NEWYORK BY E P DUTTON & CO First Issue of this Edition . 1907 Reprinted .... 1908, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1914, i9*7> 1921, 1925, 1928 1 3"537& Or 1033 A8 All rights reserved PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN INTRODUCTION Dr. Butler's atlas, which for a time filled the place in the series taken by this volume, has only been laid aside in response to a demand for better maps, clearer in detail. The new maps are designed to lighten the search for the place-names and the landmarks they contain by a freer spacing and lettering of the towns, fortresses, harbours, rivers and so forth, likely to be needed by readers of the classical writers and the histories of Greece and Rome. -
The Celestial River: Identifying the Ancient Egyptian Constellations
SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 253 December, 2014 The Celestial River: Identifying the Ancient Egyptian Constellations by Alessandro Berio Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. We do, however, strongly recommend that prospective authors consult our style guidelines at www.sino-platonic.org/stylesheet.doc. -
The Oxyrhynchus Papyri
LIBRARY Brigham Young University St^'- Ace. >5 No. ^y THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI PART XI GRENFELL AND HUNT EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND GRAECO-ROMAN BRANCH THE OXYRHYNCHUS PAPYRI PART XI EDITED WITH TRANSLATIONS AND NOTES BY BERNARD P. GRENFELL, D.Litt. FELLOW OF queen's COLLEGE, OXFORD; FELLOW OF THE BRITISH ACADEMY ARTHUR S. HUNT, D.Litt. PROFESSOR OF PAPYROLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, AND FELLOW OF QUEEN'S COLLEGE FELLOW OF THE BRITISH ACADEMY WITH SEVEN PLATES LONDON SOLD AT The Offices of the EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND, 37 Great Russell Street, W.C. AND 527 Tremont Temple, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., 68-74 Carter Lane, E.C. BERNARD QUARITCH, 11 Grafton Street, New Bond Street, W. ASHER 8c CO., 14 Bedford Street, Covent Garden, W.C. C. F. CLAY, Fetter Lane, E.C, and 100 Princes Street, Edinburgh ; and HUMPHREY MILFORD, Amen Corner, E.C., and 29-35 West 32ND Street, New York, U.S.A. 1915 All rights reserved BRIGHAM YOUK'G UNIVERSITY LIBRARY fiBQVA UTAH PRINTED IN ENGLAND AT THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS PREFACE The present volume, like Part V, consists of literary pieces, with the exception of the Calendar of Church Services at Oxyrhynchus (1357), which on account of its special interest is included with the theological texts. The papyri of Antiphon Sophistes (1384) and Thucydides (1376) belong to the first of the large literary finds in 1906, the lyric pieces and one of the Hesiod fragments (1359) to the second, of which much still remains to be published. The invocation of I sis (1380) and praise of Imouthes-Asclepius (1381) were found in 1903, the Byzantine classical pieces in 1897, ^^e rest chiefly in 1905-6. -
Bulletin De L'institut Français D'archéologie Orientale
MINISTÈRE DE L'ÉDUCATION NATIONALE, DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE BULLETIN DE L’INSTITUT FRANÇAIS D’ARCHÉOLOGIE ORIENTALE en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne BIFAO 110 (2010), p. 127-163 David Klotz Two Studies on the Late Period Temples at Abydos Conditions d’utilisation L’utilisation du contenu de ce site est limitée à un usage personnel et non commercial. Toute autre utilisation du site et de son contenu est soumise à une autorisation préalable de l’éditeur (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). Le copyright est conservé par l’éditeur (Ifao). Conditions of Use You may use content in this website only for your personal, noncommercial use. Any further use of this website and its content is forbidden, unless you have obtained prior permission from the publisher (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). The copyright is retained by the publisher (Ifao). Dernières publications 9782724707885 Wa??’iq mu?a??a??t al-?aramayn al-šar?fayn Jehan Omran bi-si?ill?t al-D?w?n al-??l? 9782724708288 BIFAO 121 9782724708424 Bulletin archéologique des Écoles françaises à l'étranger (BAEFE) 9782724707878 Questionner le sphinx Philippe Collombert (éd.), Laurent Coulon (éd.), Ivan Guermeur (éd.), Christophe Thiers (éd.) 9782724708295 Bulletin de liaison de la céramique égyptienne 30 Sylvie Marchand (éd.) 9782724708356 Dendara. La Porte d'Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724707953 Dendara. La Porte d’Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724708394 Dendara. La Porte d'Hathor Sylvie Cauville © Institut français d’archéologie orientale - Le Caire Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 1 / 1 Two Studies on the Late Period Temples at Abydos david klotz hroughout Pharaonic history, Abydos ranked among Egypt’s most revered sites.1 Reputed to contain the actual tomb of Osiris at Umm el-Qa‘ab, this Upper Egyptian city attracted devoted pilgrims until the late Roman Period. -
The Onomastic Evidence for the God Hermanubis Amin Benaissa
Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Congress of Papyrology, Ann Arbor 2007 American Studies in Papyrology (Ann Arbor 2010) 67–76 The Onomastic Evidence for the God Hermanubis Amin Benaissa The personal name μ and related forms are usually subsumed under the category of "polytheophoric" names characteristic of Roman Egypt. These are names that combine the names of two deities, such as or μ. They are attested solely in the Roman period, espe- cially between the second and the fourth centuries, and were predominantly popular among males of the middle and upper classes in certain metropoleis like Hermopolis.1 The name μ , however, though formally combining two divine names, is somewhat special: unlike other polytheophoric names, it refers to a specific deity that is independently attested in Roman Egypt. In other words, it is the name of the god himself that is a "polytheophoric" formation, and this has some consequences on how the personal names based on this deity are formed. Before discussing these names, it is appropriate first to give a brief summary of our state of knowledge about Hermanubis. After reviewing the name forms based on this deity, the onomastic evidence will be related and compared to his iconographical and documentary attestations. The divine name μ is known from a handful of epigraphic and literary sources, mostly of the Roman period.2 Plutarch cites the name as a designation of Anubis in his underworldly aspect (De Is. et Os. 375e), while Porphyry refers to Hermanubis as , "composite," and μ , "half- Greek" (De imaginibus fr. 8, p. 18.1–2 Bidez). -
Egypt After the Pharaohs: 332 BC-AD
EGYPT after the Pharaohs Alan K Bowman EGYPT after the Pharaohs 332 BC-AD 642 from Alexander to the Arab Conquest UNIVERSITY OE CALllORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES r i</86 Alan k. Bownun Published by the I'nivcrsitv of < !a|ift irnta Press in ilie I'niied Siato 1986 First [xiperlrjck printing 1989 Second paperback printing 1996 Library ot'Oingrcsii (Jtalo^uing-in-Pulilicniion Data Bowman. Alan K. I'gypi after rhepharaohs. tw u.r. \.i>. (142. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. l\u\pt (.'ivili/aiinn it: iu:. fi;H A.D. I. "I'itle mVii.lttii 1986 y\x'.oi 86 inn ISBN o 52020s 11-G Printed in I long Kong 12 m ft i x 9 Contents Acknowledgements 6 Preface 2 Note on Conventions 8 List of lllusrriitions 8 i The (iift of the Nile u 2 The Ruling Power 21 3 State and Subject s 5 4 Poverty and Prosperity 89 5 Greeks and Egyptians 121 6 Gods, Temples and Churches i6j 7 Alexandria, Queen of the Mediterranean 203 8 Epilogue 2$4 Appendix I The Reigns of the Ptolemies 2 s S Appendix II Metrology and Currency 236 Appendix III The Archaeological Evidence M9 Appendix IV Additional Notes 242 Footnotes 345 Bibliography ip Index 26s Ackno w 1 edgemcnts National Trust (The Calkc Gardner Wilkinson Papers. Bodleian Library, Oxford): 10, 34, 52, Acknowledgement is made to the following for J J. 82 permission to reproduce illustrations: Pctrie Museum, University College. London: 6 Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh: 63 Antikenmuscum, Staatlichc Musecn, Prcuss- Scala, Florence: t, 45, 71, 112 ischer Kulturbcsitz, Berlin: i \ Dr H. -
Documentary Papyri from Roman and Byzantine Oxyrhynchus
DOCUMENTARY PAPYRI FROM ROMAN AND BYZANTINE OXYRHYNCHUS by MARGARET MOUNTFORD UCL Submitted for the degree of PhD in Papyrology 1 DECLARATION I, Margaret Mountford, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. .............................................................................................. ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to publish and so make available for scholars and others interested in Roman and Byzantine Egypt 32 documentary papyri, dated from 107 AD to the early 7th century, which are part of the Oxyrhynchus collection belonging to the Egypt Exploration Society. The papyri cover a range of subjects. The summonses (03 to 09) and declarations of uninundated or artificially irrigated land (010 to 014) are documents of which many examples have already been published; they confirm, clarify and expand information gleaned from other documents. Contracts between private individuals for irrigation works (01) and leasing a workshop and mill (02) are more unusual, as is the agreement under which town councillors share out their liturgical duties (017). A letter concerning the corn dole (015) and a complete list of Oxyrhynchite praepositi pagorum (016) also relate to Oxyrhynchite administration. Three circus programmes (018 to 020) double the number of such documents known and include a number of words not previously attested in papyri. The last twelve papyri relate to aspects of administration and life on the large estates of Byzantine Egypt, mainly those of the well-attested Apion family; they include contracts of employment of a door-keeper and a rent-collector (021 and 022) and documents relating to the collection of rents (023 and 024) and payment for wine (025). -
Dunham, Dows. the Egyptian Department
The Egyptian Department and its excavations The Egyptian Department and its excavations by Dows Dunham Curator Emeritus of Egyptian Art Museum of Fine Arts Boston COPYRIGHT © 1958 BY MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON 15, MASSACHUSETTS PRINTED IN U.S.A. BY CAPITAL CITY PRESS, MONTPELIER, VERMONT DESIGN & TYPOGRAPHY BY CARL F. ZAHN Contents 8 I THEEGYPTIAN COLLECTION, 1872-1905 19 II THEDEPARTMENT OF EGYPTIANART AND THEHARVARD-BOSTON EXPEDITION 35 III OLDKINGDOM SCULPTURE 51 IV THETOMB OF QUEENHETEP-HERES 64 V THEMIDDLE AND NEW KINGDOMS 80 VI THESUDAN I, KERMAAND THE CATARACTFORTS 100 VII THESUDAN 11, THENAPATAN KINGDOM OF KUSH; BARKAL,KURRU, NURI I 18 VIII MEROË AND ITS CEMETERIES 140 IX OBSERVATIONSON EGYPTIAN ART 26. Limestone portrait bust of Prince Ankh-haf, plastered and painted. H. I ft. 8 in. 4th Dynasty. From his tomb at Giza. Expedition. THIS MONOGRAPH IS ADAPTED FROM A SERIES OF LECTURES ON THE HIS- TORY OF THE EGYPTIAN DEPARTMENT AND THE EXCAVATIONS IN EGYPT OF THE HARVARD-BOSTON EXPEDITION7 GIVEN IN THE MUSEUM BY MR. DUNHAM UNDER THE SPONSORSHIP OF THE DIVISION OF EDUCATION, 1956-7. 8 I. Wooden figure of a girl. H. 6%in. I 8th Dynasty. Way Collection, 1872. I The Egyptian Collection, 1872-1905 THERE ARE several ways in which I might seek to familiarize the reader with our Egyptian Collection but I have chosen not simply to illustrate a series of the fine objects which are housed in the Department, but rather to relate the back- ground of the formation of the collections, how they were acquired over many years and something of the considerable increase in our knowledge of Ancient Egypt which has come about as a result.