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Studies on the Saline Tolerant Strains Of COMBINED AND INDIVIDUALIZED EFFECT OF CROSS TRAINING AND GAME-SPECIFIC EXERCISES ON SELECTED PHYSICAL PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PERFORMANCE FACTORS OF FIELD HOCKEY PLAYERS Thesis Submitted to the BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI through the DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION A.V.V.M. SRI PUSHPAM COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), POONDI for the award of the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION By V. SAMINATHAN Under the Guidance of Dr. C. ROBERT ALEXANDAR, Ph.D., Associate Professor and Head DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION A.V.V.M. SRI PUSHPAM COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) POONDI-613 503, THANJAVUR DISTRICT JUNE 2012 A. VEERIYA VANDAYAR MEMORIAL SRI PUSHPAM COLLEGE (Autonomous) POONDI-613 503, THANJAVUR – DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, INDIA. Dr. C. ROBERT ALEXANDAR, Ph.D., Associate Professor & Head, Department of Physical Education. Mobile: 94431 26428 e-mail: [email protected] Date : CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “COMBINED AND INDIVIDUALIZED EFFECT OF CROSS TRAINING AND GAME-SPECIFIC EXERCISES ON SELECTED PHYSICAL PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PERFORMANCE FACTORS OF FIELD HOCKEY PLAYERS” submitted to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, for the award of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION, embodies the result of the bonafide research work carried out by V. SAMINATHAN, under my guidance and supervision in the Department of Physical Education, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. I further certify that no part of the thesis has been submitted anywhere else for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship or other similar titles to any candidate. (C. ROBERT ALEXANDAR) Research Adviser ii DECLARATION I do here by declare that the thesis entitled “Combined and Individualized effect of cross training and Game-Specific Exercises on Selected Physical, Physiological and Performance Factors of Field Hockey Players” submitted for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Physical Education, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, is the original work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Dr. C. ROBERT ALEXANDER, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Physical Education, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, Poondi. I further declare that this work has not been submitted earlier in full or in parts to any university for the award of any other degree or diploma. Place: Thanjavur (V. SAMINATHAN) Date: iii Dedicated to my Family Members, Friends & Teachers iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I gratefully acknowledge and sincerely appreciate my guide Dr. C. Robert Alexander, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Physical Education, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur for his scholarly guidance, constant encouragement, continuous support and patience throughout the completion of this work. Without his valuable guidance this work would not be a successful one. It gives me great pleasure to express my deep sense of gratitude to our revered Kalvikavalar Sreeman K. Thulasiah Vandayar, Secretary and Correspondence, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur for permitting me to do the work successfully complete this thesis. I thank the Principal Prof. N. Rajendran, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur for providing the facilities offered to carry out my research activities. I extend my feelings of gratitude to faculty members, Department of Physical Education, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur for their help and encouragement. I extend my deep heartfelt thanks to Dr. R. Joycy Jay Manoharam, Associate Professor, Dept. of Zoology, K.N Govt. Arts College for Women, Thanjavur without their technical assistance, this work would certainly not have been possible. v I am eternally grateful to Dr. R. Kalidasan, Assistant Professor and Head i/c, Department of Physical Education Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli for his help rendered in the completion of this study. I extend my feelings of gratitude to Dr. Vijayaragunathan, Director of Physical Education, Ganesan College of Arts and Science, Melaisivapuri, Pudukkottai for their kind help at various stages of this study. I acknowledge with all humility and deep gratitude to Dr.V. S. T. Saikumar, Principal, Maruthi College of Physical Education, Coimbatore, for their kind help at various stages of this study. I express my sincere thanks to Dr. S. Alagesan, Professor, FGAPEdY, Coimbatore, for his careful effort and fine tuning of language. I thank the staff members of Maruthi College of Physical Education and FGAPEdY, Coimbatore for their timely help at various stages of this study. I acknowledge with all humility and deep gratitude to Dr. V. Vallimurugan, Principal, Selvam College of Physical Education, Namakkal and Mr. M. Suresh Kumar, Assistant Professor, Selvam College of Physical Education, Namakkal for their help in statistics and encouragement throughout my doctoral program. vi I express my sincere thanks to Mr. N. Vijayakumar, Mr. K. Giridharan, Mr & Mrs R. Dinesh Kumar, Mr. S. Mahendaran, Dr. Udaya Shankar, Dr. A. Needhiraja and Dr. E. Saravanan for their help and encouragement throughout my doctoral program. I express my sincere thanks to who actively involved as the subjects for this study. Finally, I wish to thank to everybody who participated directly or indirectly in the process of the completion of this work. V. Saminathan vii LIST OF CONTENTS Certificate by the Supervisor ii Declaration by the Scholar iii Dedication iv Acknowledgements v List of Contents viii List of Tables x List of Figures xiv Abstract xvi Chapter I Introduction 1 - 23 Justification of the Study Statement of the Problem Objectives of the study Hypotheses Delimitations Limitations Definitions of the Terms Chapter II Review of Related Literature 24 - 77 Studies on Cross Training Studies on Sports Specific Training Studies on Physical Variables Studies on Physiological Variables Studies on Performance Variables Chapter III Methodology 78 - 93 Selection of Subjects Selection of Variables and Tests viii Experimental Design Reliability of Instruments Pilot Work Tester Competency and Reliability of the Tests Flow Chart Orientation of the Subjects Administration of the Test Items Administration of Training Programmes Collection of Data Statistical Techniques and its Justification Chapter IV Analysis of Data and Results of the Study 94 - 172 Overview Test of Significance Level of Significance Results of T test Results of Analysis of Variance Discussion on Findings Discussion on Hypothesis Chapter V Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations 173 - 176 Summary Conclusions Recommendations for implication Recommendations for further Study Bibliography 177 - 187 Appendix ix LIST OF TABLES Table Page Title No I Reliability co-efficient of correlation of test-retest 82 scores Significance of mean gains & losses between pre 96 and post test scores on selected variables of cross II training group III Significance of mean gains & losses between pre 98 and post test scores on selected variables of game specific exercises group IV Significance of mean gains & losses between pre 100 and post test scores on selected variables of combined cross training and game specific exercises group V Computation of analysis of covariance of means of 102 cross training, game-specific exercises and combined cross training and game-specific exercises groups on speed VI The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 105 adjusted post test paired means on speed VII Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 106 cross training, game-specific and combined cross training with game-specific exercises groups on agility VIII The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 109 adjusted post test paired means on agility IX Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 110 cross training, game-specific and combined cross and game specific exercises groups on grip strength x X The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 113 adjusted post test paired means on grip strength XI Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 114 cross training, game-specific and combined cross training with game-specific exercises groups on endurance XII The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 117 adjusted post test paired means on endurance XIII Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 118 cross training, game-specific and combined cross training with game-specific exercises groups on flexibility XIV The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 121 adjusted post test paired means on flexibility XV Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 122 cross training, game-specific and combined cross training with game-specific exercises groups on vital capacity XVI The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 125 adjusted post test paired means on vital capacity XVII Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 126 cross training, game-specific and combined cross training with game-specific exercises groups on forced vital capacity XVIII The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 129 adjusted post test paired means on forced vital capacity XIX Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 130 cross training, game-specific and combined cross training with game-specific exercises groups on slow vital capacity xi XX The scheffe’s test for the differences between the 133 adjusted post test paired means on slow vital capacity XXI Computation of analysis of covariance of mean of 134 cross training, game-specific
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