2012 National History Bee National Championships Round 5: (Non-US 1933-Present History)
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2012 National History Bee National Championships Round 5: (Non-US 1933-Present History) 2012 NATIONAL HISTORY BEE NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS ROUND 5: (NON-US 1933-PRESENT HISTORY) 1. Operation Opera successfully destroyed one of these facilities. Another one of these facilities was damaged by a fire in the Windscale disaster. The Kemeny Commission report details an incident at one of these in the United States, and Israel destroyed one at Osirak. Another one of these facilities was damaged by a magnitude 9.0 earthquake in 2011, and another one of these near Pripyat, Ukraine exploded in 1986, sending fallout for hundreds of miles. For the point, identify these facilities including Fukushima and Chernobyl, which use enriched uranium to generate power. ANSWER: nuclear plants [or nuclear reactors or nuclear stations] 048-12-58-23101 2. One theory about the origin of the name of this movement claims it was an anagram of a phrase meaning "get out, get out." The onset of this event saw governor Philip Mitchell replaced by Evelyn Baring; Baring later ordered Operation Jock Scott, which led to the trial of the Kapenguria Six. The Swynnerton agricultural plan was implemented during this event as a means to erode traditional tribal farming methods. This event led to the 1960 Lancaster House Conferences and was effectively squashed following the 1956 capture of Dedan Kimathi. It involved members of the Kikuyu ethnic group rising up against British colonial officials. For the point, name this 1950s rebellion in Kenya. ANSWER: Mau Mau Revolt [accept equivalents for revolt] 064-12-58-23102 3. One propaganda poster for this effort encouraged people to "beat the drums of" it ever louder, and another depicts a man using a peanut as a canoe. One part of this effort was the Four Pests campaign, which encouraged sparrow killing. One minister during this program was ousted after speaking out against it at a conference, an incident compared to a certain opera character being "dismissed from office." One official claimed that due to this effort, his country would overtake Britain within 15 years. As a part of this effort, peasants were encouraged to create backyard furnaces for steel production. For the point, name this modernization effort in China that led to a massive famine. ANSWER: Great Leap Forward [or dayuejin] 048-12-58-23103 4. Several early twentieth-century works for this instrument were dedicated to Georges Barrere. In the second movement of Bartok's Concerto for Orchestra, the players of this instrument are introduced right after the clarinets and play a melody in parallel fifths. One of the few transposing instruments pitched in G is the alto version of this instrument. Edgar Varese wrote Density 21.5 for this instrument to commemorate the making of the first platinum one. One work depicting fictional players of this instrument includes the movements "Krishna" and "Pan." For the point, name this woodwind instrument which is featured in Peter and the Wolf as the bird. ANSWER: flute 142-12-58-23104 2012 National History Bee National Championships Round 5: (Non-US 1933-Present History) Page 1 of 10 5. An April 21 coup in this country was called a "rape of democracy," to which the CIA chief here replied "How can you rape a whore?" That coup triggered a junta here from 1967-1974, known as the regime of the Colonels. During World War II, this country suffered a "triple occupation" and, next to Poland and Lithuania, lost the greatest proportion - 80 percent - of its Jewish population. One of its leaders replied "No" to an ultimatum made by Benito Mussolini, who later invaded it. After its three year civil war, this country, like Turkey, was targeted for aid by the Truman Doctrine. For the point, name this financially troubled European country formerly led by George Papandreou. ANSWER: Greece [or Hellenic Republic; or Elliniki Dimokratia] 020-12-58-23105 6. One activist for this cause wrote the essay “I Have No Enemies” to be read at his trial, while another edited the Freezing Point news journal. One protest for it resulted in an official stating the “Five Nos” and banning the sale of Jasmine flowers. It was called the Fifth Modernization on a big-character poster on its namesake “wall”. The June Fourth movement supported for this cause, several supporters of which signed a document modeled after one written during the Prague Spring, called Charter 08. One activist of this cause was prevented from receiving the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize. For the point, name this cause whose activists include Wen Xiaobo, the call for an elected government in an Asian nation. ANSWER: Democracy in China [accept equivalents that mention “China” and “democracy”, accept Charter 08 before mention] 048-12-58-23106 7. With Mikheil Saakashvili, this man signed the Borjomi Declaration to create the Community of Democratic Choice. In one election, this man was supported by the Pora! group. This politician’s predecessor was discredited by a scandal in which Oleksander Moroz released a series of audio cassettes detailing arms sales to Iraq and plans to kidnap a journalist. This president asked the European Union to intervene in a dispute between Naftogaz and Gazprom which cut off natural gas to this country. This successor to Leonid Kuchma and victim of digoxin poisoning won a contested election against Victor Yanukovych in which his supporters wore orange ribbons. For the point, name this president of Ukraine until 2010. ANSWER: Viktor Andriyovych Yushchenko 048-12-58-23107 8. This leader had Juvenal Habyarimana's remains placed in a mausoleum. He promoted the use of the abacost as a style of dress. This leader was in control when his country fought Angola during the Shaba invasions. This man caused Moise Tshombe to flee the country to Spain. The transformation of the Force Publique into the ANC army helped bring him to power. He overthrew Joseph Kasa-Vubu, and Laurent Kabila overthrew him. His anti-Communist stance gave him CIA support against Patrice Lumumba. For the point, name this 1965 to 1997 President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. ANSWER: Mobutu Sese Seko Koko Ngbendu Wa Za Banga [or Joseph-Desire Mobutu] 127-12-58-23108 9. This man hired Erica Powell as his private secretary, and when someone suggested he listen to music to relax he simply listened to the "Hallelujah" chorus on repeat. This man was imprisoned in the James Fort for three years for organizing the Convention People's Party. He work with J.B. Danquah to declare independence for his nation in the "Motion of Destiny." Operation Cold Chop was directed against this man, who grew unpopular as he drove his country into debt to finance the Akosombo Dam. With Tito, Sukarno, Nehru, and Nasser, this man created the Non-Aligned Movement. After a coup, he fled to Guinea, and a memorial to him was erected in Accra. For the point, name this first prime minister of Ghana. ANSWER: Kwame Nkrumah 048-12-58-23109 2012 National History Bee National Championships Round 5: (Non-US 1933-Present History) Page 2 of 10 10. One character in this work is nicknamed “Rip Van Winkle” because of his twenty years in solitary confinement after a brief stint as “State Secretary for the Enlightenment of the People” somewhere in southeast Europe. The protagonist's fate is revealed by the porter Wassilij's daughter reading him the article about his trial in this work's final section, “The Grammatical Fiction.” Gletkin convinces the protagonist to confess to plotting to poison Number One, telling him it will be his last service to the Party. For the point, name this novel about the imprisonment and interrogation of the Old Bolshevik Rubashov, a work by Arthur Koestler. ANSWER: Darkness at Noon 121-12-58-23110 11. A bomb sent in a failed attempt to assassinate this man in 1952 has been linked to Irgun and Menachem Begin, and was a reaction to an agreement this man signed in Luxembourg with Moshe Sharett. This man's government fell when his defense minister arrested the editors of the Spiegel for a supposedly treasonous article. This man signed a Treaty of Friendship with de Gaulle. Nicknamed "The Old Man," he presided over an "economic miracle" wrought by his economics minister and successor, Ludwig Erhard. For the point, name this Christian Democratic chancellor who helped rebuild Germany after World War II. ANSWER: Konrad Adenauer 080-12-58-23111 12. After being denounced as a dictator, this man ordered the attempted car bombing of Venezuela's Romulo Betancourt in revenge. This man formed a baseball team known as Los Dragones, which employed stars like Satchel Paige. He was opposed by the "Butterflies," who were the Mirabal sisters. This man was assassinated in 1961 when his car was ambushed. Soldiers of this man killed those who could not pronounce a word for "parsley." In 1959, he welcomed the fleeing Fulgencio Batista. He massacred thousands of neighboring Haitians in 1937. For the point, name this strongman of the Dominican Republic from 1930 until 1961. ANSWER: Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molian 052-12-58-23112 13. In one event in this city, Andre Spitzer, while wearing a white tank top, was clubbed with an assault rifle and pulled away from a window. Because of events here, waiter Ahmed Bouchiki was accidentally killed in Lillehammer. Shortly after an agreement signed here, President Edvard Benes resigned. After events in this city, Operations Spring of Youth and Wrath of God were put into motion. Seventeen total people died here after Black September staged a kidnapping, which was later avenged by the Israeli Mossad.