DOCSLIB.ORG

LB-Parteienmonitor Ägypten 2011 Update

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
LB-Parteienmonitor Ägypten 2011 Update LÄNDERBERICHT Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. ÄGYPTEN SAHRA GEMEINDER Parteienmonitor Ägypten 2011 – ANDREAS JACOBS ELISABETH TREPESCH aktualisierte Version 27. November 2011 Der regierende Oberste Militärrat hat den Beginn der ersten Wahlen zum ägyptischen www.kas.de Parlament nach dem Sturz Mubaraks auf den 28. November 2011 festgelegt. Etwa 50 Millionen Ägypter/innen sind in einem sich über drei Monate hinziehenden Wahlprozess dazu aufgefordert, ein neues Parlament zu wählen. Wie viele der ca. 60 zugelassenen Parteien tatsächlich mit Direktkandidaten oder Listen zur Wahl antreten, ist unbekannt. Gleichzeitig haben Mitglieder nicht-zugelassener Parteien die Möglichkeit, als unabhängige Kandidaten oder auf den Listen von Wahlbündnissen an den Wahlen teilzunehmen. Der vorliegende Parteienmonitor gibt einen Überblick über die gegenwärtig aktiven ägyptischen Parteien und ihre mögliche politische Bedeutung. Aufgrund der Unübersichtlichkeit der ägyptischen Parteienlandschaft, der Vielzahl von Neugründungen, Allianzen und Auflösungen erhebt diese Aufstellung keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Die Einschätzung der politischen Bedeutung der genannten Parteien beruht auf einer Auswertung der ägyptischen Presse und ist als subjektives Stimmungsbild zu verstehen. Übersicht Religiös ausgerichtete Parteien ______________________________________ 3 Hizb al-Hurriya wa al-Adala _______________________________________________ 3 Hizb al-Wasat al-Gedid___________________________________________________ 3 Hizb al-Islah wa al-Nahda ________________________________________________ 4 Hizb al-Nour___________________________________________________________ 4 Hizb al-Asalah _________________________________________________________ 4 Hizb al-Bina wa al-Tanmiya _______________________________________________ 5 Hizb al-Fadila __________________________________________________________ 5 Hizb al-Tahrir al-Masri ___________________________________________________ 6 Hizb al-Adala al-Igtimaiyya _______________________________________________ 6 Hizb al-Umma _________________________________________________________ 6 Säkular ausgerichtete Parteien ______________________________________ 7 Hizb al-Wafd al-Gedid ___________________________________________________ 7 Hizb al-Ghad __________________________________________________________ 7 Hizb Ghad (al-Thawra al-Misri) al-Gedid _____________________________________ 8 Hizb al-Gabha al-Demokratiyya ____________________________________________ 8 Hizb Shabab Misr _______________________________________________________ 8 Hizb al-Ittihad al-Demokrati_______________________________________________ 9 Al-Hizb al-Gumhuri al-Hurr _______________________________________________ 9 Hizb al-Dousturi al-Igtimai al-Hurr__________________________________________ 9 Hizb al-Geel al-Demokrati _______________________________________________ 10 Hizb al-Takaful al-Igtimai________________________________________________ 10 Hizb al-Khudr al-Misri___________________________________________________ 10 Hizb al-Masriyyin al-Ahrar _______________________________________________ 11 Hizb al-Adl ___________________________________________________________ 11 Hizb al-Islah wa al-Tanmiya______________________________________________ 12 Hizb al-Musawah wa al-Tanmiya __________________________________________ 12 Hizb al-Misri al-Demokrati al-Igtimai _______________________________________ 12 Hizb al-Hayat _________________________________________________________ 13 2 Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. Hizb al-Sawra al-Misriyya/Hizb Sawret Misr __________________________________ 13 Hizb Hurras al-Thawra __________________________________________________ 13 ÄGYPTEN Hizb al-Hadara ________________________________________________________ 14 SAHRA GEMEINDER Hizb al-Waei__________________________________________________________ 14 ANDREAS JACOBS Hizb al-Salam al-Igtimai ________________________________________________ 14 ELISABETH TREPESCH Hizb Masr al-Sawra ____________________________________________________ 15 Hizb Sout Masr________________________________________________________ 15 27. November 2011 Hizb Misr al-Kenana ____________________________________________________ 15 www.kas.de Der früheren Regierungspartei NDP nahestehende Parteien _______________ 16 Hizb al-Ittihad ________________________________________________________ 16 Hizb Misr al-Qawmi ____________________________________________________ 16 Hizb al-Muwatin al-Misri _________________________________________________ 17 Hizb al-Hurriya________________________________________________________ 17 Hizb Masr al-Haditha ___________________________________________________ 17 Hizb al-Muhafzeen _____________________________________________________ 17 Hizb al-Mustaqillin al-Gudud _____________________________________________ 18 Hizb al-Bidaya ________________________________________________________ 18 Hizb al-Ittihad al-Misri al-Arabi ___________________________________________ 18 Hizb al-Arabi li al-Adl wa al-Mosawa _______________________________________ 19 Sozialistisch ausgerichtete Parteien__________________________________ 19 Hizb al-Tagammu al-Watani al-Taqqadumi al-Wahdawi _________________________ 19 Hizb al-Arabi al-Demokrati al-Nasseri ______________________________________ 20 Hizb al-Karama _______________________________________________________ 20 Hizb al-Wifak al-Qawmi _________________________________________________ 20 Hizb Misr 2000 ________________________________________________________ 21 Hizb Misr al-Arabi al-Ishtiraki_____________________________________________ 21 Hizb al-Salam al-Demokrati ______________________________________________ 21 Hizb al-Ahrar al-Ishtirakiyyin _____________________________________________ 22 Hizb al-Amal (al-Islami) al-Misri___________________________________________ 22 Hizb Misr al-Fatah _____________________________________________________ 22 Hizb al-Tahaluf al-Shaabi al-Ishtiraki _______________________________________ 23 Nicht zugelassene Parteien ________________________________________ 23 Hizb al-Tayyar al-Masri _________________________________________________ 23 Hizb al-Taghyir wa al-Tanmiya____________________________________________ 23 Hizb al-Reyada________________________________________________________ 24 Hizb al-Tawhid al-Arabi _________________________________________________ 24 Hizb al-Islah__________________________________________________________ 25 Hizb al-Salama wa al-Tanmiya____________________________________________ 25 Hizb Masr al-Hurriya ___________________________________________________ 25 Hizb al-Tahaluf al-Misri _________________________________________________ 26 Hizb Anta Masry _______________________________________________________ 26 Hizb Misr al-Hurra _____________________________________________________ 26 Al-Hizb al-Misri al-Liberali _______________________________________________ 27 Hizb al-Ummal al-Demokrati _____________________________________________ 27 Al-Hizb al-Ishtiraki al-Misri_______________________________________________ 27 Al-Hizb al-Shuyuei al-Misri _______________________________________________ 28 Sonstige Parteien________________________________________________ 28 Zugelassen___________________________________________________________ 28 Nicht zugelassen ______________________________________________________ 28 3 Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. Religiös ausgerichtete Parteien ÄGYPTEN Hizb al-Hurriya wa al-Adala SAHRA GEMEINDER Freedom and Justice Party – Partei der Freiheit und Gerechtigkeit ANDREAS JACOBS 1. Allgemeine Angaben ELISABETH TREPESCH Gründung/Zulassung : 21. Februar 2011/6. Juni 2011 Führungspersönlichkeiten : Mohamed Morsi (Professor für Werkstoffkunde); Vorsitzender 27. November 2011 Dr. Essam El-Erian (Arzt); stellv. Vorsitzender www.kas.de Mohamed Saad El-Katatni (Anwalt); Generalsekretär Rafiq Habib (koptischer Intellektueller); Vizepräsident der Partei Mitgliederzahl : 8.821 (Gründungsmitglieder) Entstehungsgeschicht e: Parteigründung der Muslimbruderschaft 2. Programmatische Schwerpunkte demokratischer Staat mit islamischer Rechtsgrundlage; Betonung des islamischen Charakters von Staat und Gesellschaft; Gleichheit aller Bürger; Wirtschaftsreformen, freie Marktwirtschaft Politische Selbstverortung: islamisch/sozial 3. Politische Bedeutung lange Geschichte (der Muslimbruderschaft) und breite Verwurzelung in der ägyptischen Gesellschaft; sucht Allianzen mit säkularen Parteien (Wafd-Partei); hat mit internen Friktionen und Abspaltungstendenzen zu kämpfen; wird bei den Parlamentswahlen 2011 voraussichtlich stärkste Fraktion Mitglied und dominantes Element des Wahlbündnisses Democratic Alliance (ca. 60 Prozent der Listenplätze der Democratic Alliance ) Wahlchancen 2011: sehr hoch 4. Webseiten Offizielle Webseite: http://www.hurryh.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/7oria.we.3adala Hizb al-Wasat al-Gedid New Wasat Party – Neue Zentrumspartei 1. Allgemeine Angaben Gründung/Zulassung: 1996/19. Februar 2011 Führungspersönlichkeiten : Abu al-Ala Madi; Vorsitzender Tarik Al-Malt; Sprecher Mitgliederzahl: 5.088 (geschätzt) Entstehungsgeschichte: „liberale“ Abspaltung der Muslimbruderschaft; versteht sich als Teil der „Wasatiya“-Bewegung, die eine Verbindung von Islam und Demokratie anstrebt 2. Programmatische Schwerpunkte säkularer Staat auf der Grundlage islamischer Prinzipien; konstruktive Zusammenarbeit mit westlichen Ländern; soziale Gerechtigkeit, gerechte Einkommensverteilung Politische Selbstverortung: islamisch/liberal 3. Politische Bedeutung präsentiert sich als „moderate“ Wahlalternative
Load more

Recommended publications
  • First: One-Party Rule (1953-1976)
    Emergence of the political parties in Egypt in the 19th century was a reflection of social, eco- nomic and cultural interactions as well as certain historical, national and political circum- stances, leading to the creation and development of modern institutions of government adminis- tration and society in Egypt such as the parliament, the cabinet, political parties, syndicates, etc. Emergence of the political parties in Egypt has been gradual and gone through successive stages. Political parties have firstly been formed as secret societies that were followed by formation of political groups. The National Democratic Party (NDP) was the first party formed in 1907 by Mostafa Kamel. In less than ten years, there was a great variety in these parties; in their nature, formation, organization, power, their popular base and platforms. There were national parties, groups dom- inated by the royal palace, others formed by the occupation authority as well as ideological par- ties expressing certain ideologies. In 1907-1920, the already formed political parties in Egypt were a starting signal for the dis- semination of political parties in Egypt; however, they were restricted due to the British occupa- tion and the Egyptian subordination to the Ottoman Empire. The February 1922 Declaration acknowledging Egypt’s independence and the issuance of the 1923 Constitution have led to establishing a royal constitutional rule based on party pluralism and principles of liberal democracy. During 1923-1952, Egypt witnessed a remarkable experience rich in political and democratic practices, however, such an experience was marked with many defects such as the British occu- pation, foreign intervention in Egypt’s affairs and the royal palace’s interference in political life.
    [Show full text]
  • Hosni Mubarak and the Future of Democracy in Egypt
    Hosni Mubarak and the Future of Democracy in Egypt Hosni Mubarak and the Future of Democracy in Egypt Alaa Al-Din Arafat HOSNI MUBARAK AND THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY IN EGYPT Copyright © Alaa Al-Din Arafat, 2009. All rights reserved. First published in hardcover as The Mubarak Leadership and Future of Democracy in Egypt in 2009 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above compa- nies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-0-230-33813-5 ISBN 978-1-137-06753-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137067531 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ‘Arafat, ‘Ala’ al-Din. Hosni Mubarak and the future of democracy in Egypt / Alaa Al-Din Arafat. p. cm. Pbk. ed. of: The Mubarak leadership and future of democracy in Egypt. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. With a new preface. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978–0–230–33813–5 (alk. paper) 1. Mubarak, Muhammad Husni, 1928– 2. Mubarak, Gamal. 3. Egypt—Politics and government—1981– 4. Egypt—Politics and government—1970–1981. 5. Hizb al-Watani al-Dimuqrati (Egypt)— History. 6. Political leadership—Egypt—History.
    [Show full text]
  • Mesc November 2006
    The Newsletter of Middle East Studies Center, American University in Cairo November/December 2006 THIS MONTH’S FEATURE: HUMAN RIGHTS IN EGY P T WWW.AUCEGYPT.EDU/ACADEMIC/MESC/ Page 2 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: FROM THE DIRECTOR 3 JOEL BEININ THE CARAVAN DEBATE: AN OVERVIEW 4 GARTH HALL DESKILLING EGYPTIAN POLICE, PRIVATIZING TORTURE 6 HOSSAM EL-HAMALAWY HUMAN RIGHTS IN EGYPT: A SEARCH FOR A PUBLIC ATTITUDE 7 MONA HEIKAL HUMAN RIGHTS IN EGYPT: A 2006 CALENDAR 8 GARTH HALL LECTURE OF AMR HAMZAWY 13 LENKA BENOVA MAKING IRAQ’S OIL WORK FOR IRAQIS 15 RORY A. MCNAMARA BOOK REVIEW, HAMAS: POLITICS, CHARITY, AND TERRORISM 18 WILLIAM JON HUMMEL ALUMNI UPDATES 19 LENKA BENOVA Editor Garth Hall The views expressed here are those of their authors and not necessarily Editor J. Marshall Brown those of MESC, the editor, or the Associate Editor Rory A. McNamara Middle East studies program. Associate Editor Lenka Benova Associate Editor Danny Corbin OCTOBER 2006 Page 3 FROM THE DIRECTOR JOEL BEININ ‘Ashura and the City of Kar- being organized by Dr. Saad hope that everyone bala,” which was on display Eddin Ibrahim. It will take I had a restful ‘eid break at the Falaki Gallery from place shortly after Coptic and that we are all refreshed November 12-28. Christmas (January 6). For and ready to enter the sec- information, contact Dr. The Interdisciplinary Advisory ond half of the fall semester Saad’s student assistant, Committee has approved a with renewed energy and Maria Dayton at mariaday- proposal for a comprehensive commitment. [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • The Unbreakable Muslim Brotherhood: Grim Prospects for a Liberal Egypt by Eric Trager
    MENU Policy Analysis / Articles & Op-Eds The Unbreakable Muslim Brotherhood: Grim Prospects for a Liberal Egypt by Eric Trager Aug 23, 2011 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Eric Trager Eric Trager was the Esther K. Wagner Fellow at The Washington Institute. Articles & Testimony The iconic youths of Egypt's Tahrir Square revolution are now deeply divided among nearly a dozen, often indistinguishable political parties, while the Muslim Brotherhood is seizing the momentum. he protesters who led Egypt's revolt last January were young, liberal, and linked-in. They were the bloggers T who first proposed the demonstrations against Hosni Mubarak on Twitter; the Facebook-based activists who invited their "friends" to protest; and Wael Ghonim, the 30-year-old Google executive who, after Egypt's state security agency detained him for 12 days, rallied the crowds to hold Tahrir Square. Far from emulating Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, they channeled Thomas Paine, calling for civil liberties, religious equality, and an end to Mubarak's dictatorship. Their determination, punctuated by the speed of their triumph, fueled optimism that the long-awaited Arab Spring had finally sprung -- that the Middle East would no longer be an autocratic exception in an increasingly democratic world. The political transition following their revolt, however, has dulled this optimism. The iconic youths of Tahrir Square are now deeply divided among nearly a dozen, often indistinguishable political parties, almost all of which are either too new to be known or too discredited by their cooperation with the previous regime. Concentrated within the small percentage of Internet-using, politically literate Egyptians, their numbers are surprisingly small.
    [Show full text]
  • The Muslim Brotherhood Fol- Lowing the “25 Janu- Ary Revolution”
    Maria Dolores Algora Weber CEU San Pablo University THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD FOL- LOWING THE “25 JANU- ARY REVOLUTION”: FROM THE IDEALS OF THE PAST TO THE POLITICAL CHAL- LENGES OF THE PRESENT In the framework of the Arab Spring, as the wave of social mobilisation of 2011 has come to be known, the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt marked the beginning of a process which has deeply transformed the re- ality of many countries in the Arab World. In Egypt, the events that took place in Tahrir Square not only put an end to President Mubarak's dic- tatorship, but also paved the way for new political actors, among which the Muslim Brotherhood has played a key role. During the subsequent transition, the Brotherhood gained control of the National Assembly and positioned their leader, Mohamed Mursi, as the new President. The present debate is focused on the true democratic vocation of this move- ment and its relationship with the other social forces inside Egypt and beyond. This article intends to address these issues. To that end, it begins with an explanation as to the ideological and political evolution of the Muslim Brotherhood and its internal changes brought about by the end of the previous regime, closing with an analysis of its transnational influ- ence and the possible international aftermaths. Islam, Islamism, Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt, Arab Spring 181 INTRODUCTION n 2011, a wave of social mobilisations took place in various Arab countries and which came to be known as the “Arab Spring”. This name is undoubtedly an at- tempt to draw a comparison between the historic process that unfolded in Europe Iin the mid-nineteenth century and the events that have taken place in the Arab World.
    [Show full text]
  • David Schenker
    MENU Policy Analysis / PolicyWatch 1796 Egypt after the Revolution: An Early Assessment by David Schenker Apr 14, 2011 ABOUT THE AUTHORS David Schenker David Schenker is the Taube Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and former Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs. Brief Analysis n April 11, 2011, J. Scott Carpenter, Dina Guirguis, David Schenker, and Robert Satloff addressed a special O Policy Forum luncheon at The Washington Institute. Ms. Guirguis is a Keston Family research fellow with Project Fikra: Defeating Extremism through the Power of Ideas. Mr. Schenker is the Aufzien fellow and director of the Program on Arab Politics at the Institute. The following is a rapporteur's summary of Ms. Guirguis and Mr. Schenker's remarks. Dr. Satloff and Mr. Carpenter's remarks will be published separately. DINA GUIRGUIS I n stark contrast to the Hosni Mubarak era, liberal and Islamist political forces alike have appeared on Egypt's dynamic political landscape, while traditional currents have largely diminished. Though certain emerging forces, such as the Salafists, have existed for some time as social or religious movements, they are now engaging in Egypt's expanding political sphere. For example, during Egypt's first postrevolutionary referendum on March 19, Salafists campaigned at the mosques, urging their followers to support the amendments, even though hardline Salafist doctrine rejects political engagement. The religious forces now appearing on the Egyptian political scene are not monolithic. Eight distinct "Salafist" groups can be identified, with each appealing to a slightly different segment of the population. Of these, the relatively left-leaning Muslim Brotherhood, for example, will likely splinter into three separate political parties: Freedom and Justice, Nahda (under the leadership of "reformer" Abdel Moneim Aboul Fattouh), and possibly Shabab al-Ikhwan (Youth of the Muslim Brotherhood), the last of which played a key role during the revolution by participating in the Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution.
    [Show full text]
  • A Morettian Literary Atlas of Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo in Three Early Realist Novels: Cairo Modern, Khan Al-Khalili, and Midaq Alley
    American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 2-1-2015 A Morettian literary atlas of Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo in three early realist novels: Cairo modern, Khan al-Khalili, and Midaq alley Paul A. Sundberg Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Sundberg, P. (2015).A Morettian literary atlas of Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo in three early realist novels: Cairo modern, Khan al-Khalili, and Midaq alley [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/212 MLA Citation Sundberg, Paul A.. A Morettian literary atlas of Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo in three early realist novels: Cairo modern, Khan al-Khalili, and Midaq alley. 2015. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/212 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The American University in Cairo School of Humanities and Social Sciences A Morettian Literary Atlas of Naguib Mahfouz’s Cairo in Three Early Realist Novels: Cairo Modern, Khan al-Khalili, and Midaq Alley A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Arab and Islamic Civilizations In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts By Paul A. Sundberg Under the supervision of Dr. Hussein Hammouda December/2015 OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION 1 a. Introduction to the Three Novels 2 b.
    [Show full text]
  • Can Egypt Transition to a Modern Day Democracy?
    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Honors Theses Lee Honors College 2-1-2012 Revolution and Democratization: Can Egypt Transition to a Modern Day Democracy? Kristin M. Horitski Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/honors_theses Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Horitski, Kristin M., "Revolution and Democratization: Can Egypt Transition to a Modern Day Democracy?" (2012). Honors Theses. 745. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/honors_theses/745 This Honors Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Lee Honors College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Horitski 1 Revolution and Democratization: Can Egypt Transition to a Modern Day Democracy? Kristin Horitski Honors Thesis Horitski 2 On January 25, 2011, the world’s attention was transfixed by Egypt. The people took to the streets in a series of demonstrations and marches to protest the long-time reign of President Hosni Mubarak and demand his immediate resignation. While the protests started out as peaceful acts of civil disobedience, the Mubarak government’s response was not. Police and security forces used conventional techniques such as tear gas and water cannons on the protesters, before turning to terror tactics such as snipers, live ammunition, and thugs and criminals who terrorized the people. A couple days into the uprising, Mubarak deployed the army, but they were welcomed by the protesters and did not interfere in confrontations between the police and protesters.
    [Show full text]
  • BEHIND CLOSED DOORS Torture and Detention in Egypt Torture And
    BBBEHIND CCCLOSED DDDOORS Torture and Detention in Egypt A Middle East Watch Report Human Rights Watch New York !!! Washington !!! Los Angeles !!! London Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch is composed of Africa Watch, Americas Watch, Asia Watch, Helsinki Watch, Middle East Watch, and the Fund for Free Expression. The executive committee comprises Robert L. Bernstein, chair; Adrian DeWind, vice chair; Roland Algrant, Lisa Anderson, Peter Bell, Alice Brown, William Carmichael, Dorothy Cullman, Irene Diamond, Jonathan Fanton, Jack Greenberg, Alice H. Henkin, Stephen Kass, Marina Kaufman, Jeri Laber, Aryeh Neier, Bruce Rabb, Harriet Rabb, Kenneth Roth, Orville Schell, Gary Sick, and Robert Wedgeworth. The staff includes Aryeh Neier, executive director; Kenneth Roth, deputy director; Holly J. Burkhalter, Washington director; Ellen Lutz, California director; Susan Osnos, press director; Jemera Rone, counsel; Joanna Weschler, Prison Project director; and Dorothy Q. Thomas, Women's Rights Project director. Executive Directors Africa Watch Americas Watch Asia Watch Rakiya Omaar Juan E. Méndez Sidney Jones Helsinki Watch Middle East Watch Fund for Free Expression Jeri Laber Andrew Whitley Gara LaMarche Addresses for Human Rights Watch 485 Fifth Avenue 1522 K Street, NW, Suite 910 New York, NY 10017-6104 Washington, DC 20005-1202 Tel: (212) 972-8400 Tel: (202) 371-6592 Fax: (212) 972-0905 Fax: (202) 371-0124 10951 West Pico Blvd., #203 90 Borough High Street Los Angeles, CA 90064 London, UK SE1 1LL Tel: (213) 475-3070 Tel: (071) 378-8008 Fax: (213) 475-5613 Fax: (071) 378-8029 Copyright 8 July 1992 by Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
    [Show full text]
  • Bosnia's Future
    Bosnia’s Future Europe Report N°232 | 10 July 2014 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. The Quest for Identity ...................................................................................................... 5 III. A Patronage Economy ...................................................................................................... 11 A. The Sextet ................................................................................................................... 11 B. The Economic Paradox .............................................................................................. 13 C. Some Remedies .......................................................................................................... 15 IV. The Trouble with the Entities ........................................................................................... 17 A. Ambivalence in the Federation .................................................................................. 18 B. Republika Srpska’s High-Stakes Gamble
    [Show full text]
  • Parties, Voters, and Activists: Building Ideological
    PARTIES, VOTERS, AND ACTIVISTS: BUILDING IDEOLOGICAL LINKAGE IN DEVELOPING DEMOCRACIES A Dissertation by SE JIN KOO Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Robert Harmel Committee Members, Dan Wood Marisa Kellam Hoi-Eun Kim Head of Department, William Clark December 2014 Major Subject: Political Science Copyright 2014 Se Jin Koo ABSTRACT This study addresses the question of why ideological parties and party systems emerge in some democracies but not in others, with a special focus on developing democracies. In delving into this question, I highlight the functions of ideology as a multilevel phenomenon, and examined the party-voter linkage mechanism based on policy programs at various angles. I assume that a party has strong ideological linkage (a) when those in the electorate who support the party feel a close ideological affinity for the party, (b) when the party has a clearly defined and ideologically distinct program, and (c) when party activists are ideologically motivated and coherent within the party. Focusing on each dimension, each empirical chapter evaluates the effects of institutions, socio-economic conditions, and democratic conditions. The methodology used for this multilevel approach is ‘tripartite,’ combining statistical analysis (large-N cross-national comparison), content analysis (case study) and traditional surveys (inter- and intra- country comparisons). First, by examining ideological affinity between parties and voters in 46 democracies, I find that the extent of perceived ideological affinity is determined by the age, size, and ideological position of a party and that institutional and economic factors are more important than democratic conditions for the development of ideological congruence of a party system.
    [Show full text]
  • From Hasan Al-Banna to Mohammad Morsi; the Political Experience of Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
    FROM HASAN AL-BANNA TO MOHAMMAD MORSI; THE POLITICAL EXPERIENCE OF MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD IN EGYPT A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY AHMET YUSUF ÖZDEMİR IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES JULY 2013 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Meliha Altunışık Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science Assoc.Prof.Dr. Özlem Tür Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science Prof. Dr. İhsan D. Dağı Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Nuri Yurdusev (METU,IR) Prof. Dr. İhsan D. Dağı (METU, IR) Assis. Prof. Dr. Bayram Sinkaya (YBU, IR) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Ahmet Yusuf Özdemir Signature : iii ABSTRACT FROM HASAN AL-BANNA TO MOHAMMAD MORSI; THE POLITICAL EXPERIENCE OF MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD IN EGYPT Özdemir, Ahmet Yusuf M.S. Program of Middle East Studies Supervisor: Prof. Dr. İhsan D. Dağı July 2013, 141 pages This thesis analyses the political and ideological transformation of the Society of Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt from its foundation in 1928 to 2012.
    [Show full text]