Annual Report 2010-2011: Part 1 – About The
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Tatz MIC Castan Essay Dec 2011
Indigenous Human Rights and History: occasional papers Series Editors: Lynette Russell, Melissa Castan The editors welcome written submissions writing on issues of Indigenous human rights and history. Please send enquiries including an abstract to arts- [email protected]. ISBN 978-0-9872391-0-5 Genocide in Australia: By Accident or Design? Colin Tatz © Indigenous Human Rights and History Vol 1(1). The essays in this series are fully refereed. Editorial committee: John Bradley, Melissa Castan, Stephen Gray, Zane Ma Rhea and Lynette Russell. Genocide in Australia: By Accident or Design? Colin Tatz © Colin Tatz 1 CONTENTS Editor’s Acknowledgements …… 3 Editor’s introduction …… 4 The Context …… 11 Australia and the Genocide Convention …… 12 Perceptions of the Victims …… 18 Killing Members of the Group …… 22 Protection by Segregation …… 29 Forcible Child Removals — the Stolen Generations …… 36 The Politics of Amnesia — Denialism …… 44 The Politics of Apology — Admissions, Regrets and Law Suits …… 53 Eyewitness Accounts — the Killings …… 58 Eyewitness Accounts — the Child Removals …… 68 Moving On, Moving From …… 76 References …… 84 Appendix — Some Known Massacre Sites and Dates …… 100 2 Acknowledgements The Editors would like to thank Dr Stephen Gray, Associate Professor John Bradley and Dr Zane Ma Rhea for their feedback on earlier versions of this essay. Myles Russell-Cook created the design layout and desk-top publishing. Financial assistance was generously provided by the Castan Centre for Human Rights Law and the School of Journalism, Australian and Indigenous Studies. 3 Editor’s introduction This essay is the first in a new series of scholarly discussion papers published jointly by the Monash Indigenous Centre and the Castan Centre for Human Rights Law. -
The Making of White Australia
The making of White Australia: Ruling class agendas, 1876-1888 Philip Gavin Griffiths A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University December 2006 I declare that the material contained in this thesis is entirely my own work, except where due and accurate acknowledgement of another source has been made. Philip Gavin Griffiths Page v Contents Acknowledgements ix Abbreviations xiii Abstract xv Chapter 1 Introduction 1 A review of the literature 4 A ruling class policy? 27 Methodology 35 Summary of thesis argument 41 Organisation of the thesis 47 A note on words and comparisons 50 Chapter 2 Class analysis and colonial Australia 53 Marxism and class analysis 54 An Australian ruling class? 61 Challenges to Marxism 76 A Marxist theory of racism 87 Chapter 3 Chinese people as a strategic threat 97 Gold as a lever for colonisation 105 The Queensland anti-Chinese laws of 1876-77 110 The ‘dangers’ of a relatively unsettled colonial settler state 126 The Queensland ruling class galvanised behind restrictive legislation 131 Conclusion 135 Page vi Chapter 4 The spectre of slavery, or, who will do ‘our’ work in the tropics? 137 The political economy of anti-slavery 142 Indentured labour: The new slavery? 149 The controversy over Pacific Islander ‘slavery’ 152 A racially-divided working class: The real spectre of slavery 166 Chinese people as carriers of slavery 171 The ruling class dilemma: Who will do ‘our’ work in the tropics? 176 A divided continent? Parkes proposes to unite the south 183 Conclusion -
Contents 183
contents 183 Appendices 1. ABC Television Program Analysis 184 2. ABC Radio Networks Content Analysis 186 3. ABC Organisation, as at 30 June 2007 187 4. ABC Board and Board Committees 188 5. ABC Audit and Risk Committee 189 6. ABC Commercial Tax Equivalent Calculation 190 7. Consultants 191 8. Overseas Travel Costs 192 9. Reports Required Under s80 of the ABC Act 192 10. Other Required Reports 192 11. Advertising and Market Research 193 12. Occupational Health and Safety 193 13. Commonwealth Disability Strategy 196 14. Performance Pay 198 15. Staff Profile 198 16. Ecologically Sustainable Development and Environmental Performance 199 17. ABC Advisory Council 199 18. Independent Complaints Review Panel 202 19. Freedom of Information 203 20. ABC Code of Practice 2007 203 21. Performance Against Service Commitment 209 22. ABC Awards 2006–07 210 23. ABC Television Transmission Frequencies 215 APPENDICES 24. ABC Radio Transmission Frequencies 221 25. Radio Australia Frequencies 227 06–07 26. ABC Offices 228 27. ABC Shops 233 ANNUAL REPORT 20 184 Appendices for the year ended 30 June 2007 Appendix 1—ABC Television Program Analysis ABC Television Main Channel Program Hours Transmitted—24 hours Australian Overseas Total First Total First Total 2006 2005 Release Repeat Australian Release Repeat Overseas –07 –06 Arts and Culture 98 112 209 67 40 107 316 254 Children’s 76 432 508 352 1 080 1 432 1 941 2 033 Comedy 1 20 21 33 85 118 139 149 Current Affairs 807 287 1 094 0 1 1 1 095 895 Documentary 57 120 177 213 198 411 588 476 Drama 7 40 46 370 -
Our Cup Runneth Over | 431
1987 – Our cup runneth over | 431 1987 Our cup runneth over Life-stories from Fremantle go national Per Henningsgaard Fremantle was a busy place in the lead-up to 1987. Four years earlier, an Australian yachting syndicate skippered by John Bertrand, bankrolled by Perth businessman Alan Bond, and armed with a secret weapon – the controversial winged keel – had wrenched the America’s Cup away from the New York Yacht Club, where the trophy had, until then, resided for an unbroken 132-year stint. A nation that reserved most of its sporting attention for cricket and various football codes was momentarily enthralled by this historic win. The Prime Minster of the day was memorably recorded on television declaring an unofficial public holiday: “Any boss who sacks anyone for not turning up today is a bum,” Bob Hawke eloquently proclaimed. (Hawke had a personal appreciation for record-breaking feats: he boasted a world speed record in beer drinking as a university student). Quickly, sleepy Fremantle, a port town in Western Australia not far from Perth and better known for its well-heeled hippies and stevedores than yachting prowess, found itself at the centre of massive infrastructure projects funded by government and private sources. Following Fremantle’s lead, the State itself was rebranded. Vehicle registration plates no longer incongruously decreed it “The Wildflower State” and “The State of Excitement.” Instead, Western Australia was declared “Home of the America’s Cup.” It was a heady claim that could be made for a short time only; the Cup was lost in 1987 when “Stars and Stripes 87” trounced “Kookaburra III.” Fremantle’s status as the address of the America’s Cup was fleeting, and with it vanished the port town’s claim to have originated a story big enough to capture the nation’s imagination and alter the State’s image. -
Dislocating the Frontier Essaying the Mystique of the Outback
Dislocating the frontier Essaying the mystique of the outback Dislocating the frontier Essaying the mystique of the outback Edited by Deborah Bird Rose and Richard Davis Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] Web: http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Dislocating the frontier : essaying the mystique of the outback. Includes index ISBN 1 920942 36 X ISBN 1 920942 37 8 (online) 1. Frontier and pioneer life - Australia. 2. Australia - Historiography. 3. Australia - History - Philosophy. I. Rose, Deborah Bird. II. Davis, Richard, 1965- . 994.0072 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Indexed by Barry Howarth. Cover design by Brendon McKinley with a photograph by Jeff Carter, ‘Dismounted, Saxby Roundup’, http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn3108448, National Library of Australia. Reproduced by kind permission of the photographer. This edition © 2005 ANU E Press Table of Contents I. Preface, Introduction and Historical Overview ......................................... 1 Preface: Deborah Bird Rose and Richard Davis .................................... iii 1. Introduction: transforming the frontier in contemporary Australia: Richard Davis .................................................................................... 7 2. -
Chapter Eleven Mabo and the Fabrication of Aboriginal History
Chapter Eleven Mabo and the Fabrication of Aboriginal History Keith Windschuttle Let me start by putting a case which, to The Samuel Griffith Society, might smack of heresy. There are two good arguments in favour of preserving the rights of the indigenous peoples who became subjects of the British Empire in the colonial era. The first is that, since 1066, British political culture has been committed to the “continuity theory” of constitutional law, in which the legal and political institutions of peoples who were vanquished, rendered vassals or subsumed by colonization were deemed to survive the process. Not even their conquest, John Locke wrote in his Second Treatise of Government, would have deprived them of their legal and political inheritance.1 So, after colonisation, indigenous peoples would have retained their laws and customs until they voluntarily surrendered them. The second argument is that the previous major decision in this field, by the Privy Council in 1889, was based on the assumption that, when New South Wales became a British colony in 1788, it was “a tract of territory practically unoccupied”. This is empirically untrue. At the time, there were probably about 300,000 people living on and subsisting off the Australian continent. Under any principle of natural justice, the Privy Council should have started by recognizing this. According to a forthcoming book on the history of Australian philosophy by James Franklin, provocatively entitled Corrupting the Youth, the Mabo decision derived primarily from the Catholic doctrine -
Drawing Inferences in the Proof of Native Title – Historiographic and Cultural Challenges and Recommendations for Judicial Guidance
DRAWING INFERENCES IN THE PROOF OF NATIVE TITLE – HISTORIOGRAPHIC AND CULTURAL CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR JUDICIAL GUIDANCE SCOTT SINGLETON N2076357 BA, LLB (Qld), LLM (Hons) (QUT), Grad Dip Mil Law (Melb) Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Queensland Legal Practitioner of the High Court of Australia Submitted in fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Juridical Science SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR BILL DUNCAN ASSOCIATE ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR BILL DIXON SUPERVISOR: EXTERNAL PROFESSOR JONATHAN FULCHER (UQ) SUPERVISOR: Faculty of Law Queensland University of Technology 2018 KEYWORDS Evidence - expert witnesses - historiography - inferential reasoning - judicial guidance - law reform - native title - oral evidence - proof of custom 2 | P a g e ABSTRACT On 30 April 2015, the Australian Law Reform Commission (ALRC) delivered its report Connection to Country: Review of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) (ALRC Connection Report). The terms of reference for the inquiry leading up to the ALRC Connection Report included a request that the ALRC consider “what, if any, changes could be made to improve the operation of Commonwealth native title laws and legal frameworks,” including with particular regard to “connection requirements relating to the recognition and scope of native title rights and interests.” Amongst its recommendations, the ALRC Connection Report recommended guidance be included in the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) regarding when inferences may be drawn in the proof of native title, including from contemporary evidence. To date, this recommendation has not been taken up or progressed by the Commonwealth Government. This thesis therefore develops such “Inference Guidelines” for the purposes of the proof of connection requirements in native title claims, in the form of a “Bench Book.” This thesis identifies various motivations for ensuring comprehensive, consistent and transparent guidelines for drawing inferences from historically-based sources of evidence. -
THE FABRICATION of ABORIGINAL HISTORY Photo – David Karonidis Keith Windschuttle
20 THE FABRICATION OF ABORIGINAL HISTORY Photo – David Karonidis Keith Windschuttle For some years, controversy has surrounded the history of Australia’s earliest white settlement and the treatment of the Indigenous Australians. Historian Keith Windschuttle has now provoked new questioning in his latest book – The Fabri- cation of Aboriginal History (Macleay Press) where he has challenged much of the evidence previously used by historians in this field. Keith Windschuttle addressed The Sydney Institute on Tuesday 11 February 2003 THE SYDNEY PAPERS SUMMER 2003 21 THE FABRICATION OF ABORIGINAL HISTORY Keith Windschuttle Over the past 30 years, university-based historians of Aboriginal Australia have produced a broad consensus. They have created a picture of widespread killings of blacks on the frontiers of settlement that not only went unpunished but had covert government support. Some of the Australian colonies engaged in what the principal historian of race relations in Tasmania, Lyndall Ryan, has called “a conscious policy of genocide”. In Queensland, according to the University of Sydney historian, Dirk Moses: “… the use of government terror trans- formed local genocidal massacres by settlers into official state-wide policy”. The expatriate Australian Ben Kiernan, who is director of the genocide studies program at Yale University, writes that nineteenth century Australian colonists mounted numerous punitive expeditions against the Aborigines in which they committed “hundreds of massacres”. In Central Australia, Kiernan claims 40 per cent of the indigenous population was shot dead. In Queensland, the Aborigines “were hunted like wild beasts, having lived for years in a state of absolute terror of white predators”. For most of my adult life I was a true believer of this story. -
Keith Windschuttle
Keith Windschuttle Telephone 02 9331 4403 Fax 02 9331 7368 PO Box 433 Mobile 0419 219 314 Paddington NSW 2021 Email: [email protected] ABN 98 816 403 742 March 3 2003 Ruth Ashe National Museum of Australia Review secretariat Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts E-mail [email protected] Dear Ms Ashe, Submission to review of National Museum of Australia I would like to draw your attention to three articles of mine of relevance to your inquiry. In particular, I would like to draw attention to my arguments in the first two articles that the concept of social history, which the museum has taken as its standard, is an inadequate tool to fulfill the objective of depicting national history, which I believe it was the intention of the 1980 Act to require the museum to pursue. The articles are: “How Not to Run a Museum: People’s History at the Postmodern Museum”, Quadrant, September 2001 “Social History and Aboriginal Legends: A Reply to Gary Morgan”, Quadrant, April 2002 “Doctored evidence and invented incidents in Aboriginal historiography”, in Bain Attwood and S. G. Foster (eds.) Frontier Conflict: The Australian Experience, National Museum of Australia, Canberra, 2003 Let me make two additional points about the museum’s Contested Frontiers display. 1894-1897 Bunuba Uprising The museum’s exhibit of this historical incident claims: Jandamarra led fellow warriors in a guerilla war until he was killed in a running gun battle with police trackers in 1897. I would draw your attention to the newly published book Protect and Serve: A History of Policing in Western Australia, (Western Australia Police Service, 2002) by Peter Conole. -
Cory Bernardi
Friends of the ABC (NSW) Inc. quarterly newsletter December 2013 UPDATE Vol 21, No. 3 incorporating Background Briefi ng friends of the abc The Fight for the ABC IS ON! THE ATTACK IS ON AGAIN. Today, Mike Carlton members of the government, including Inside Update SMH Cory Bernardi, Bronwyn Bishop and From the President 2 30 November 2013 Ian Macdonald, agitated to defund Caroline Jones’ Extraordinary Career 4 Australia’s public broadcaster. Liberal Please stop attacking a national icon! 5 Senator Cory Bernardi called our ABC Cory Bernardi: ABC ‘cannibalising’ ”Soon, my friends, we will have to gather a “taxpayer-funded behemoth,” and commercial online news 6 in defence of the ABC. With the Tories suggested that we could “perhaps Somerville 7 in power, the assault on the national cut the ABC budget and allow the How The ABC Should Serve The broadcaster grows more vicious by the commercial media operators to National Interest 8 day. Unsurprisingly, the campaign is compete. Concerned about the ABC? 9 spearheaded by the Murdoch press. Rupert v Aunty - the real News Rupert himself loathes publicly funded This is the Coalition throwing out a test Corp agenda 10 broadcasting because it attracts an balloon, so they can see how the public The Murdoch dynasty’s 70 years war on the ABC 11 audience which he believes is rightly his responds to their long-held desire to Branch News 12 to make money from. The platoons of slash the ABC. Pulled straight from the Mark Scott defends publishing toadies on his payroll troop obediently into Christmas wishlist of Rupert Murdoch and the right-wing think-tank the IPA, spy story 15 line, along with the rest of the right-wing The Uncertain Future of Public defunding or commercialising the ABC commentariat.” Broadcasting 16 would ruin a rare, educational and On Wednesday 4th December, Spying on Indonesia - Here is the news 18 uniquely Australian public resource.” community activist group GetUp sent Canberra’s Century Celebrated in Literary Style 19 out the following message: continued page 3. -
Public Broad Casting Public Benefit
MediaHub Australia is the new digital playout facility co-owned by the ABC and WIN TV. PUBLIC BROAD CASTING PUBLIC BENEFIT Radio National’s Bush Telegraph presenter, Michael Cathcart records an interview with jillaroo Quita Docking and her mother Gladys in the Northern Territory. After suffering a severe head injury in a horse riding accident in 2002, Quita is back in the saddle for a charity horse ride to raise funds for people living with disabilities. 84 CORPORATE PERFORMANCE The ABC has a responsibility to the Australian people to not only deliver great media experiences, but to do it in a manner which is socially, environmentally and financially responsible. To meet those expectations, the ABC maintains high standards of corporate governance. MediaHub centralises the ABC’s presentation and Master Control Room facilities. Using state-of-the- art technology, the ABC’s content can be switched and routed from studios, outside broadcast vans and overseas news feeds, creating increased efficiency. Caption about transition from Section childrens programs to youth audienceGovernance and on to adult and programs. Caption about transition from childrens programssustainability to youth audience and on to adult programs. 4 As Australia’s primary public Corporate performance broadcaster, the ABC aims to broadcast to all Australians, and to tell Australian stories. Through ABC Open, it will be Corporate governance able to deliver more locally- focused information, as well as enable regional communities Performance against the to create and share content. ABC Corporate Plan In doing so, the ABC aims to provide a service that is both Government outcomes local and universal. -
Annual Report 2005-2006
part of everyday life 8:30am 1:30pm 6:10am 6:30pm 8pm Australian Broadcasting Corporation ANNUAL REPORT 2006 11:15pm Highlights of 2005–06 Total number of hours broadcast: Radio—8 760 hours on each network and station Television—10 841 hours, including state-specific content ABC2—6 458 hours 2.3 million pages of content on ABC Online ABC services reached an estimated 73% of Australians every week via Television, Radio and Online ABC Radio had a weekly 5-city metropolitan reach of 3 704 000 or 33% ABC Television had a weekly 5-city metropolitan reach of 8.5 million or 61.5% and weekly regional reach of 4.1 million or 65.3% ABC Online had a monthly reach of 17.1% of Australia’s active Internet population 90% of Australians continue to believe the ABC provides a valuable service to the community. 79% of Australians believe the ABC does a good job covering country/regional issues. 70% believe the ABC is efficient and well managed. 1 ABC Television launched new Australian programs, including The Adventures of Bottletop Bill and his Best Friend Corky, Answered by Fire, Battle of the Brains, The Chaser’s War on Everything, Da Kath and Kim Code, Frank Hurley: The Man Who Made History, Peking to Paris, Real Life Water Rats and We Can Be Heroes Radio Australia programming available through 160 local rebroadcasters in 40 countries in Asia and the Pacific, satellite services, shortwave broadcasts and nine 24-hour FM relays ABC Asia Pacific television available in 41 countries, retransmitted by 300 pay television operators, in more than 200 000 hotel