Lago Dos Dragões- Intervenção De Uma Fonte No Palácio Nacional De

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Lago Dos Dragões- Intervenção De Uma Fonte No Palácio Nacional De Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Tomar Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz Relatório de Estágio Rosália Maria Gambão Ávila de Matos Mestrado em Conservação e Restauro (Materiais Pétreos) Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Tomar Rosália Maria Gambão Ávila de Matos Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz Relatório de Estágio Orientado por: Fernando Costa - Instituto Politécnico de Tomar Vanessa Rodrigues - Parques de Sintra, Monte da Lua Relatório de Estágio apresentado ao Instituto Politécnico de Tomar para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau Mestre no Mestrado de Conservação e Restauro, na área de materiais pétreos. Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz Dedico este trabalho à minha mãe iii Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz v Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz RESUMO No âmbito da intervenção de conservação e restauro, o presente relatório aborda um estudo histórico e material de uma fonte dos Jardins do Palácio Nacional de Queluz, o Lago dos Dragões, situada no Largo do Plátanos. O estudo e identificação dos materiais constituintes, tiveram como principais objetivos enquadrar a obra num período de produção artística, o conhecimento do seu estado de conservação, e naturalmente, fundamentar a escolha da metodologia de intervenção. Verificou-se que a obra faz parte de um conjunto de oito lagos, do século XVIII, em pedra calcária Lioz, intitulados Lagos dos Dragões, e que foi relocalizada dentro do parque, verificando-se também que sofreu intervenções anteriores. O relatório inclui, o levantamento gráfico e fotográfico, a sua caracterização técnica e material e referência a todos os estudos e tratamentos efetuados. Por se tratar de uma fonte e estar localizada no meio exterior, há fatores determinantes a considerar, tais como, a sua estanquicidade, localização e interação com a vegetação envolvente, qualidade da água e manutenção futura, pontos cruciais para a eficácia dos tratamentos efetuados. Palavras-chave: Palácio Nacional de Queluz; fonte; calcário-lioz; intervenção; conservação e restauro; vii Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz ABSTRACT Within the scope of conservation and restoration intervention, this report addresses a historical and material study of a fountain of the Gardens of the National Palace of Queluz, The Dragons Lake, located in Plátanos Square. The main objective of the study was the identification of the materials, localize the historic and artistic period of production, and of course, understand the state of conservation of the work of art for a better and wise choice of intervention methodology. We discover that this fountain makes part of a set of eight lakes, from the eighteenth-century, made with Lioz limestone, and entitled Dragons' Lake. The fountain in the study was relocated within the park and had undergone previous interventions. The report, therefore, includes its graphic and photographic survey, its technical and material characterization and reference to all the treatments made. The fact that this work of art it’s a fountain and is located on the outside, near trees and unsheltered of the rain or of uneven temperatures it’s a crucial point of the main study. Because it is necessary to consider its water-tightness, the biological colonization and the future maintenance before is indefinitely destruction. Keywords: National Palace of Queluz; fountain; lioz-limestone; intervention; conservation and restauration; ix Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz AGRADECIMENTOS Este relatório de Mestrado corresponde ao requisito académico para concluir o Mestrado em Conservação e Restauro em Materiais Pétreos. Este não teria sido possível de concretizar sem o apoio permanente do Palácio Nacional de Queluz (PNQ) e a empresa Parques de Sintra – Monte da Lua S.A. (PSML), de quem este depende. Através deste relatório gostava de agradecer a todos aqueles que de certa forma, direta ou indiretamente contribuíram para a sua execução. Contudo, sabendo que a menção será sempre ingrata dada a impossibilidade de referir todos os que generosamente me concederam o seu apoio e incentivo, a cada um, sem exceção, gostaria de mandar um grande bem-haja. Em primeiro lugar, quero agradecer à minha mãe, Isabel Matos, pelo esforço que tem feito para me possibilitar um bom futuro, pelo carinho, amor e afeto que sempre me deu, ajudando-me a superar os meus desafios, mesmo estando longe está sempre perto do meu coração. À Vanessa Rodrigues, minha orientadora no Palácio Nacional de Queluz pelo acompanhamento e disponibilidade, pelo seu incessante carinho e incentivo durante todo o tempo, ajudando a superar as minhas espectativas, o meu sincero obrigado. Ao Professor Fernando Costa, que sempre me acompanhou ao longo de todo o meu percurso académico, licenciatura e mestrado, tornando-se um amigo e conselheiro, ajudando-me a gostar dos materiais pétreos pela sua geral magnificência., o meu profundo agradecimento. Aos Engenheiros Pedro Costa e Pedro Coelho, sem eles e o seu auxílio, uma parte fulcral do trabalho não teria sido feita. À Sandra Oliveira e à Nazaré Velez pelo bom ambiente, pela vossa constante disponibilidade para a partilha de conhecimento tanto a nível pessoal como profissional, pela partilha do espaço, por me fazerem sentir em casa, quando a “minha” está tão longe. xi Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz Ao Amadi por toda ajuda e disponibilidade tanto a nível de apoio ao trabalho como providenciar material sempre que necessário. À Marta Matos, colega e amiga, que me acompanhou nesta jornada fora do IPT, ajudando me mutuamente a nível pessoal e profissional, incentivando-me a ir mais longe e a apostar neste “caminho”. Ao Vasco Santos, colega e amigo, que me fez sentir integrada num novo local, juntamente com o Nelson, Teresinha, Duarte e a Cris, que me ajudaram a pensar e a interagir, tal como incutir novos formas de visão, disponibilizando-se sempre para me ajudar. Um grande obrigado. À Daniela Morgadinho, colega e amiga, pelo carinho, atenção e disponibilidade para todos os meus desvaneios, perguntas absurdas e auxílio imprescindível, sempre. Ao Pedro Felisberto, colega e amigo por me disponibilizar materiais e documentação, por me ajudar a pensar e desenvolver capacidades. Ao Daniel Gomes pelo apoio técnico e de design ao longo destes anos académicos, auxiliando-me em horas de desespero. Ao Marco Rocha e ao inseparável grupo, Catarina Cunha, Nuno Pereira, que me fazem sempre querer voltar ao grupo original da “pedra”, pela partilha de conhecimentos e muita alegria. Por último, à memória dos meus queridos avós e tia, para eles e por eles, dei o meu máximo para levar até ao fim este trajeto, sentindo o orgulho que eles teriam no alcance deste feito. Um grande obrigado à minha família, que me apoia e estará sempre presente. xii Lago dos Dragões: Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz Índice Introdução .................................................................................................................................................... 1 Parte I – De Quinta a Palácio, a evolução do Palácio Nacional de Queluz, séc. XVII a XX .................................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Enquadramento histórico e artístico ......................................................................... 5 2 Os jardins, o prolongamento da fantasia ................................................................ 13 2.1. O conjunto dos “Lagos dos Dragões” - breve introdução histórica ..................... 23 Parte II - Intervenção de uma fonte no Palácio Nacional de Queluz .................................. 31 1 Identificação da obra ................................................................................................... 31 1.1 – Fortuna Critica .................................................................................................. 36 1.2 – Fortuna Histórica .............................................................................................. 39 1.3 Análise iconográfica ............................................................................................ 40 2 Caracterização Técnica e Material ......................................................................... 43 2.1 Estudo de argamassas ............................................................................................ 46 3 Intervenções anteriores ........................................................................................... 53 4 Diagnóstico .............................................................................................................. 57 5 Metodologia e Proposta de intervenção .................................................................. 63 6 Intervenção Realizada ............................................................................................. 67 Aplicação de biocida ................................................................................................... 68 Limpeza mecânica e química ...................................................................................... 71 Limpeza com pachos ................................................................................................... 77 Preenchimento de juntas e micro estucagem
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